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30s appointment

KELLY'S DIRECTORY

OF

WITH COLOURED MAP

1910

KELLY'S DIRECTORIES LTD. 182, 183 & 184, HIGH HOLBORN, , W.C.

BRANCH OFFICES : BIEMINGHAM : 1, WATERLOO STREET. : lOA, SOUTH CASTLE STllEKT. GLASGOW: 137, WEST EEGENT STREET. : 1, ST. JAMES'S SQUARE. LEEDS : 12, EAST PARADE. SHEFFIELD: 42, CHURCH STREET. NEW YORK: (KELLT PUBLISHING CO.) 5, BEEKMAN STREET. PARIS: (AC^ENCY; 23, RUE DE VAUGIRARD. HAMBTTBG: (KELLY & Co.), BRANDSTWJETE, 44

PRICE EIGHTEEN SHILLINGS' LONDON: KELLY'S DIREOTORIES, LTD., PRINTERS. 182, 183

THE Proprietors trust that the present—the eighth—Edition of KELLY'S DIRECTORY OF CHESHIRE may be found at least equal in accuracy to the previous ones.

Every in the county mil again be found to be included in the book, which, though necessarily above all things a Directory, still continues in some measure to be a gazetteer, giving as it does a topographical account of every Town, Parish, Village and Township, and descriptions of the principal buildings and objects of interest.

Full information as to the County Council ; the Hundreds, Unions and County Court Districts ; the Churches, with the value of the Livings and the names of the Patrons and Licumbents ; the Chief Landowners, with details as to the Principal Seats ; the Hospitals and Charities, whether o-eneral or local ; the Acreage, Soils and Crops ; the Markets and Fairs ; the means of Conveyance by Railway, etc., will be found in its pages.

The Map of the County has been specially corrected for this Edition. The Proprietors have again to return their thanks to those Clergymen, Magistrates' Clerks, Registrars and other Gentlemen who have assisted their Agents while collecting the information for the present Edition.

182, 183 & 184, HIGH HOLBOEN, LONDON, W.C. October, 19x0.

CHESHIRE a 2 INDEX TO KELLY'S CHESHIRE DIRECTORY

PAGE PAGE PAGE PAGE Acton 21 Barton, seeFarndon 332 Broom Edge, see 421 Chumston, see 679 Acton (in Delamere), see Basford, see Weston-by Broomhall, seeWrenbur y- Church Goppeuhall 270 653 655 cum-Frith 680 ChurchHulme,seeHolmes Acton'Grange,see ^^'alton 650 , or Bartherton, Broomhill, see Barrow... 60 Chapel 364 Adiington 23 see 682 Brownlow, see Astbury... 52 , see Ads wood, see Cheadle ... 207 Bebington, & Higher, & Broxton, see Bickerton... 65 Lawton 405 Agden, see BoUington, Lower 61 , see 271 nearAltrincham 184 Beeston, see Bunbury ... 201 632 Church , see Agden, see - *. 64 Bruera,seeChurtonHeath 271 Shocklach 551 cum-Grindley 643 , see Toft 643 Bucklow Hill, see Rost- Churton, see Farndon ... 332 Alcumlow, see Astbury 52 Bickerton 65 herne 518 Ghurton-by-, see Alderley 23 Bickley, & Bickley Town­ Budworth—Great 197 Aldford 28 24 ship 66 Budworth—Little 198 ,or Bruera 271 AlderleyOver or Superior, Bidston-cum-Ford 67 Buerton, see Aldford, 28 ; Cinder Hill, see 514 seeBirtles 183 Birches, see Lostock & also see 54 Cis Green, see Astbury 52 , see Coddington 272 Gralam 420 Buglawton 199 Clarke Green,see Adiing­ Aldford 27 68 , see Bickerton... 65 ton 23 Alfred Dock, see Birken­ Birtles 183 Bunbury 20c Clatterbridge, see Lower head 69 Blackden, see Burford Lane,see Lymm 42 i Bebington 61 , see Lower cum-Barnshaw 339 , see Acton 21 Claughton or Claughton- Peover 504 Blacon-cum-Crabwall ... 184 203 cum-Grange, see Birk­ and Alprabam Blakenhall, see Wybun Burley Dam, see Wren- enhead 72 Green, see Tilstone bury 682 bury-cum-Frith 680 Claverton, see Eccleston 321 Fearnall 639 Bollin Fee, see 663 203 Cliffe Lane,see Lymm... 421 28 BoUington, near Altrin Burton-by-Tarvin, see Glifton or Kock Savage, ,orAltringbm 30 cham 184 Tarvin 632 see Halton 347 45 BoUington,near Prestbury 185 204 Clive, see ... 458 Alvaston, see \A'orieston 679 BoUington Cross, see Bol- Butley, see Prestbury ... 510 Glotton - Hoofield, see Anderton, see Barn ton... 59 lington 185 204 Tarvin 632 Antrobus 45 BoothGreen,seeAdlington 23 Caldecott, see Shocklach 551 Glutton, see Farndon 332 Apethome, see Hyde 376 Bosden, see Hazel Grove- Caldy, see West Kirby... 392 Coddington 272 Appleton, or Appleton cum-Bramhall 351 Caldy Grange, see West Cogshall, see Great Bud­ witb Hull 46 187 Kirby 392 worth 197 Appleton Cross.seeApple- , see 302 Calvcley, see Bunbury... 201 , see Great ton ...^. 46 Boughton—Great i 205 Budworth 197 Appleton Thorn, see Bowdon 189 Gapesthorne 205 Compstall or Compstall Appleton 46 Bradfield Green, see Garden, see 638 Bridge 273 , see ... 539 Leighton 408 Garrbrook.seeStalybridge 558 274 Amfield, see Tintwistle 642 Bradley, see ... 336 Garrington 205 Goole Pilate, see Acton... 21 Arrowe, see Woodchurch 677 Bradley, or Bradeley, see Gastle , see Gotebrook, see 629 Ashley 46 Tushingham cum - Northwich 493 Cotton, see Middlewich 462 Ashton, see AshtonHayes 51 Grindley 644 , see ... 56 Cotton, see Sandbach ... 539 Ashton-upon-Mersey 47 , or Bradwell,3ee Chadkirk, see Romiley... 516 Cotton Abbots, see AshtonHayes 51 331 Cheadle 206 Ghristleton 269 Astbury, or Xewbold Ast­ Bramhall, or Bramall, Cheadle Bulkeley, see , see bury 52 see Hazel Grove-cum- Cheadle 207 Ghristleton 269 Astle, seeChelford.; 212 Bramhall 352 Gheadle Heath, see Crabwall, see Blacon 184 Astmoor, see Halton 347 Bredbury 192 Cheadle, 206; also see 282 Aston & Aston Heath, see Brereton-cum-Smethwick 194 567 Crewe 283 - cum - Frith 681 Bridge,,seePlem- Cheadle Hulme, see Crewe, Farndon 332 Aston-by-Budworth 52 stall 506 Cheadle 207 Grewe Green 299 Aston-by-Sutton 53 , see Dodding- Gheadle Moseley, see Cross Street, see Ashton- Aston Grange, see Aston ton 308 Gheadle 207 upon-Mersey 48 ; also by-Sutton S3 Brighton—New 480 Gheckley-cum-Wrinehill, Sale 528 Aston - juxta - Mondrum, Brighton—Upper,seeNew see Doddington 308 Gross Town, see Knuts- seeWorleston 679 Brighton 480 212 ford 397 Audlem 54 Brimstage, see Thornton- 213 GrouchleyLane.seeLjTnm 421 , see Acton 21 Hough 636 Chester—New, see Sale 528 Croughton 299 Bache, or Bach 56 , see Acton 21 Ghidlow,seeTushingham- Crowley, see Great Bud­ Backford 56 Brinksway- cum-Cheadle cum-Grindley 644 worth 197 57 Heath, see Stockport... j;68 Ghilder-Thornton, see 299 , see Acton... 21 Brinnington, see Stock Hooton 367 Groxton, see Byley 204 Baguley 57 port 570 Gho]mondeley,seeBickley 66 Guddington, or Kyding- Balderton, see Doddleston 309 Broadbottom, see Mott- Gholmondeston, see ton, see Malpas 448 Balterley (Staffs), see ram 466 Worleston 679 Guddington, see Weaver- 60 Broadheath, see Altrin- Ghorley.seeAlderleyEdge 24 ham 653 Barnshaw, see Goostrey 339 cham 31 Chorley, see Bickley 67 Danebridge St. Paul, see Barnston 58 Bromborough 195 Ghorlton-by-Backford ... 56 Northwich 492 Barnton 59 Bromborough Pool, see Ghorlton, see Malpas ... 448 Daresbnry 301 Barrel! Well, see Chester 214 Bromborough 195 Ghorlton, see Weston- Damhall, see ... 671 Barrow 59 Bromball, seeVVrenburj- by-Crewe '. 655 Davenham 302 Barrow Little.see Barrow 60 cum-Frith 680 Ghowley, see Coddington 272 Davenport, see Stockport 570 Barthomley 60 Brookhouse Green, see Christ Church,seeHeaton Davenport, see Swetten- Bartingtun, see Little Smallwood 553 Norris 574 ham 626 Leigh 407 Brooklands, see Sale 5281 Ghristleton 269. Dean Row, see Wilmslow 661 VI INDEX TO KELLY'S CBESHIRE DlREOrORY.

PAGE PAGE PAGE PAGE Delamere 304 Goulbourn - David, see Hollingworth 362 Leigh—Little 406 , or Disley Stanley 306 Handley 349 Hollow Moor Heath, see Leighton, see 477 Dodcott - cum - Wilkesley Grafton, see Tilston 638 Barrow 60 Leighton Chapel, see 307 ; & see Wrenbury 680 Grange,or Caldy Grange, 364 Leighton - cum - Mins­ Doddington 308 see West Kirby 392 Hoo Green, see Ros- hull 407 Dodd's Green, see Wren- Grappenhall 340 therne 518 Leighton-cum - Minshull bury-cum-Frith 681 Greasby, see Frankby ... 333 Hoofield, see Tarvin 632 Vernon 4°? , or Doddleston 309 GreatBarrow,see Barrow 59 365 Lindow, see Alderley Edge 25 Downs, see Sutton 625 188 Hoose, see Hoy lake 368 Lingham, see Moreton ... 464 ,see Bickerton 65 197 Hooton 367 Liscard 408 , see Tarvin 632 Great Float, see Birken­ Hope Green, see Adiing­ Little Barrow, see Barrow 59 Duke's Oak, see Brereton 195 head 69 ton 23 198 309 Great Meols, see Hoy- Horton-bv-Malpas, see 406 Dukinfield St. John, see lake 369 Tilston". 638 Little Meols, see Hoy- Stalybridge 554 Great Mollington, see Horton-cum-Peele, see lake 369 Dunham-on-the-Hill 319 Backford 56 51 Little Mollington, see Dunham Massey 316 Great Moreton, see Ast­ Hough, see Wilmslow ... 661 Backford 56 Dunham Town, see Dun­ bury 52 Hough, see Wybunbury 682 Little Moreton, see Odd ham Massey 317 Great Neston, see Neston 477 Hough Green, see Ashley 47 Rode S'4 Dunham Woodhouse, see Great ,see Shot- Hough Green, see Marls- Little Neston, see Neston 477 Dunham Massey 317 wick 551 ton-cum-Lache 452 Little Saughall, see Shot- Dutton, see Little Leigh 407 Great Stanney, see Stoke 624 Hoylake 368 wick 552 Eanley Wood—Higher & 626 Hull, see Appleton 46 , see Stoke 624 Lower, see Halton 347 , see Al­ 374 Little Sutton, see Hooton 367 East or Lower Float, see derley 24 Hulse, see Lostock Gra­ , see Mart- Birkenhead 66 Gresty, see Wybunbury 682 lam 420 hall 457 Eastham 319 Grindley, see Tushing- ,see Dodding­ Littleton, see Ghristleton 270 Eaton 320 ham-cum-Grindley ... 643 ton 308 Long Green, see Barrow 59 Eaton, see Davenham ... 302 ,or Sutton Huntington, see Churton Longdendale,see Holling­ Eaton, see Eccleston 321 Guilden 341 Heath 272 worth 363 Eaton, see Tarporley 629 Hack Green, see Acton.., 21 Hurdsfield 375 Longdendale, see Wood- Eccleston 321 Hague (The), see Staly­ , see Acton 22 head 678 Eddisbury, see Delamere 304 bridge 554 HurstGreen,seeMarbury- 419 Edgar's Field.see Chester 220 Hale 341 cum-Quoisley 451 Lostock Green, see Los­ Edge, see Malpas 449 Hale Barns, see Hale 341 Huxley, see Hargrave ... 349 tock Gralam 420 Edgeiey, see Stockport... 568 Hall Green,see Odd Rode 514 Hyde 375 Low Marple, see Marple 453 Edgerley, see Aldford ... 28 Halton, or Haul ton 346 389 Lower Bebington, see , or Edlaston, Hampton, see Malpas ... 449 Ince 390 Bebington 6T see Acton 21 ,or Handforth- Inferior Whitley 659 Lower or East Float, see Egerton, see Bickerton 65 cmn-Bosden 347 Irby, see Woodchurch ... 677 Birkenhead 69 Egerton Dock, see Bir­ Handley 348 JenkinGhapel,see Salters- Lower Eanley Wood, see kenhead 69 , see Audlem ... 54 ford 537 Halton 347 Eggbridge, see Waverton 652 , see Dunham- Kekewick, or Keckwich, Lower Hurdsfield, see Egremont 322 on-the-Hill 319 see Daresbury 301 Hurdsfield 375 EUesmere Port 327 Hargrave,orFoulk Staple­ 390 , see Elton, see Thornton-le- ford 349 Kent Green, see Odd Rode 514 Dodleston 309 Moors 637 Harrop, see 513 Kermincham,orKerming 503 Elton, see 651 Hartford 350 ham, see . 626 Lower Tranmere, see Elworth 331 Harthill 350 Kerridge, see BoUington, Birkenhead 73 Etchells, or Northen Et- 351 near Prestbury 185 Lower Walton,seeWalton 649 chells, see Northenden 490 & , ,see Salters- Lower Whitley 659 , see Sand­ see Betchton 64 ford 537 , see bach 539 Hatherlow, see Bredbury 192 Kinderton,seeMiddlewich 459 Prestburv 510 , see Acton 21 Hatherton, see Wybun­ , see Farndon 332 Lower Wych, see Malpas 449 Fallibroome.seePrestbury 510 bury 682 Kingsley 391 ,see Prest­ Farndon 331 Hattersley, see Mottram 466 Kingswood, see Delamere 304 bury 510 Five Ashes, see Marlston Hatton, see Waverton... 652 Kinnerton — Higher & Lymm 420 cum-Lache 452 Hatton,near , Lower, see Dodleston.. 309 L>Tnm Booths, seeLymm 421 Float—Lower or East & see Daresbury 300 Kirby—West 392 424 West, see Birkenhead . 66 Haughton, see Bunbury 201 397 446 Flookersbrook, see New- Hazel Grove-cum-Bram- Knutsford Superior 398 ,seeTushingham- ton-by-Chester 4S8 hall 3SI Kydington, or Gudding­ cum-Grindley 644 Flowery Field, see Hyde 377 Heatley Heath.see Lymm 421 ton, see Malpas 448 Malpas 447 Ford, see Bidston 67 Heaton Chapel,see Stock- , see Lostock Mauley, see Frodsham... 334 , see Port 577 Gralam 420 Marbury 451 Hargrave 349 Heaton Moor, see Stock- Lache, see Marlston 452 Marbury-cum-Quoisley.. 451 Four Lane Ends, see Til- Port 577 Landican, see Wood Marley Green, see Mar­ stone Fearnall 639 Heaton Norris, see Stock­ church 677 bury-cum-Quoisley ... 451 Frankby 332 port 574 Lane—High 362 Marlston - cum - Lache, Frith, see Wrenbury- 358 Lane Ends, see Sutton ... ^5 with Saltney 452 cum-Frith 680 Henbury-cum-Pexall ... 358 Langley, see Sutton 625 Marple & Marple—Low... 453 Frodsham 333 , see Acton 22 , or Larton, see Marston 456 Frodsham Bridge, see & Heswall-cum- Bickerton 65 457 Sutton Weaver, Aston- Oldfield 359 Larton, see West Kirby.. 392 Marton 457 by-Sutton 53 Heyhead, see Northen­ 403 Marton, or Merton, see Fulshaw, see Wilmslow 661 den 490 Latchford Without 403 Whitegate 658 Furness Vale, see Disley, High Lane 362 Lawton,orGhurchLawton 405 Massie, see Moreton 464 306; alsoWhaley Bridge 656 , or High Leigh 406 Lea, see Backford 54 Matley, see Mottram ... 466 Oatley '. 337 Higher Bebington, see Lea, see Wybunbury 682 Meols—Great & Little, 338 Bebington 61 Lea-cum-Newbold,or Lea see Hoylake 369 Gayton, see Heswall 359 Hiffher Eanley Wood, see Xewbold, see Clmrton Mere, seeRostherne 518 Gee Gross, see Hyde 376 Halton 347 Heath 272 MickleTraf¥ord,see Plem- Godley, see Hyde 376 , see Leasowe, see Moreton ... 464 stall 506 Golbourne Bellow, see Hurdsfield 375 Ledsham, see Capenhurst 205 Middleton Grange, see 633 , see Lease, see Byley 204 Aston-by-Sutton 53 Goostrey-cum-Barnshaw 339 Dodleston 309 Leftwich, see North­ Middlewich 458 Gorseley Green, see Mar- Higher Sutton.see Sutton 625 wich 494 Millbrook, see Staly­ ton 458 Higher Tranmere, see Legh—High 406 bridge "... 555 (Torstage,8ee \\'eaverham 653 Birkenhead 73 Leigh-juxta - Bartington, Millington, seeBollington, Gorstella, or Grostelle, Higher ^\'hitley 659 see Little Leigh 406 nearAltrincham 184 see Doddleston 309 , see Tarnn 632 INDEX TO KELLY'S CHESHIRE DiREcroRy. Vll

PAGE PAGE PAGE PAGE Milton, see Weaverham.. 653 Norbury, see Marbury- Ponlton, see 512 Shurlach, see Davenham 303 Minshull—Church 271 cnm-Quoisley, 451; & Pooltou-cum-... 544 Shutlingslow, see Wild- , see see Hazel Grove-cum- Poulton-cumrSpital, see boarclough 447 Leighton 408 Bramhall 352 Bebington 61 Siddington 552 462 489 or Pointon 507 Sinderland, see Dunham Mollington — Great & Norris Bank, see Stock­ Prenton 508 "' ssey 317 Little, see Backford ... 56 port 575 Prestbury 509 Smallwood 553 Mondrum, see Worleston 679 North Reddish, see Stock­ Preston Brook, see Dares­ Smethwick-cum-Brereton 194 Monks Coppenhall, see port 576 bury 301 Snelson, see Chelford 212 Crewe 283 514 Preston-on-the-Hill, see Somerford, see Astbury 52 Monksheath.see Alderley 23 North Seacombe, see Sea- Daresbury 301 , see Moor Park, see Hoole 365 combe 543 Pryors Hayes, see Tarvin 632 Hulme Walfield 374 Moore, or Moor,8eeDaTes- Northen Etchells, see Puddington, see Burton.. 203 Soss Moss, see Alderley... 23 bury 301 Northenden 490 Pulford 512 Sound, or Sooiid, see Mooresbarrow -with-Par- Northenden 489 Quoisley, see Marbury ... 451 Wrenbury-cum-Frith.. 680 me, see Middlewich ... 459 Northwich „ 491 Raby, seeThorntonHough 636 South Seacombe, see Moreton 464 Norton, see Halton 347 Radnor, see Hulme Wal- Seacombe 543 Moreton-cum- Alcumlow, Oakhanger Moss, see field 374 Spital, see Bebington ... 61 or Great Moreton, see Haslington 351 Radway Green, see Bar­ Spital Boughton, see Astbury 52 , see Delamere 305 thomley 60 Chester 218 Moreton - cum-Lingham, Occlestone, or Occleston, Rainow 512 Spring Hill, see Birken­ see Bidston-cum-Ford.. 67 see Middlewich 450 Ravenscroft, see Byley.... 204 head 69 Moreton—Great, see Ast­ Odd Rode 514 Reddish, see Lymm 421 , see Middle­ bury 52 Offerton &Torkington,see Reddish, see Stockport... 576 wich 459 Moreton—Little, see Odd Stockport, 570; & Hazel Reed's Mere, see Sidding- , see Bunbury... 201 Rode 514 Grove-cum-Bramhall.. 352 ton 552 Stalybridge 554 Morley, see Wilmslow ... 662 Old Dock Sill, see Birken­ Ridley, see Bunbury 201 Stamford Bridge, see Morpeth & Morpeth head 69 Ringway 513 Barrow 60 Branch Dock, see Old Pale, see Eddisbury, Rock Ferry, see Birken­ Stanilands, see Wilm­ Birkenhead 69 Delamere 304 head 73 slow 663 Moss Brow, see Warbur Old St. George, see Staly­ Rock Savage, see Halton 347 Stanlow, see EUesmere ton 650 bridge 554 , see OddRode 514 Port 328 Moss Side, see Halton ... 347 Old Withington,see Chel­ Rode North, see North Stanlow Point, see Stan- Mossley (Lanes) 464 ford 212 Rode 514 low, EUesmere Port ... 328 Mossley & Mossley Moss, Oldcastle, see Malpas ... 449 Rode Odd, see Odd Rode 514 Stanney — Great & see Congleton 274 Oldfield, see Dunham Romiley 516 Little, see Stoke 624 Moston 465 Massey 317 Roodee, see Chester 220 567 Moston,see Warmingham 651 Oldfield, see Heswall 359 Rope, see Wybunbury ... 682 , see Wybun­ Mottram - in - Longden Ollerton, sea Marthall... 457 517 bury 683 dale 465 Onston, see Crowton 299 Rowton, see Ghristleton.. 270 Statham, see Lymm ... 421 Mottram St. Andrew, see Oscroft, see Tarvin 631 RowtonMoor,seeGhristle- Stayley St. Paul's, see Prestbury 510 Onghtrington, see Lymm 421 ton 270 Stalybridge 554 , see Ashton Oulton Lowe, see Little , see Davenham 303 Stockham, see Halton.... 347 Hayes 51 Budworth 199 Rudheath, see Goostrey- Stockport 567 Moulton 467 Outwood, see Stockport cum-Barnshaw 339 Stockport Etchells, see Mow Cop, see Odd Rode 515 Etchells, Gatley 338 519 Gatley 338 Mutlow, see Marton 458 Over, see Winsford 669 Rushton, see Tarporley... 630 Stockton, see Malpas 449 467 , see Birtles 183 , or Saigton, see Stockton Heath 622 Ness, see Neston 477 Over Knutsford, see Churton Heath 272 Stoke, or 623 Neston—Great & Little... 477 Knutsford 398 St. Cross, see Knutsford 397 Stoke, see Acton 22 Neston-cum-Parkgate ... 477 Over Peover, or Superior 505 St. Mary Magdalene's, Storeton, see Bebington 61 , see Over Tabley, see Tabley seeAshton-upon-Mersey 47 Stretton 624 Alderley 23 Over 627 Sale 527 Stretton, see Tilston 638 Nether Knutsford, see Overchurch, see Upton Saltersford, or Jenkin Stublach, see Byley 204 Knutsford 397 (near Birkenhead) 644 Chapel 537 Styal, see Wilmslow 663 Nether Tabley, or Tabley , see EUesmere Salt Marsh, see Burton... 203 Superior or Over Peover 505 Inferior 627 Port 328 Saltney, see Marlston' Superior Whitley 659 Netherpool, see EUesmere Overton, see Frodsham... 336 cum-Lache 452 Sutton 625 Port 328 Overton, see Malpas 449 Sandbach 538 Sutton, see Middlewich... 459 Netherton, see Frodsham 336 Oxton, see Birkenhead ... 72 Sandbach Heath, see Sutton—Great 626 New Brighton & Upper Parkgate, see Neston 477 Sandbach 539 Sutton Guilden 341 Brighton 480 Parme, see Middlewich... 459 ,seeWeaverham 653 Sutton Higher,seeSutton 625 New Ferry, see Birkenhead 73 Partington 503 SandleHeath,see Alderley 23 Sutton — Little, see New St. George, see Staly­ , see Bunbury 201 Saughall — Great, see Hooton 367 bridge 554 Pensby, see Barnston ... 58 551 Sutton Weaver,see Aston- , or Peover Eye, see 668 Saughall — Little, see by-Sutton S3 Astbury, see Astbury... 52 ,seeLower Shotwick 552 Swanlow, see Winsford... 671 Newchurch, see White Peover 504 Sau ghallMassey, orMassie, Swettenham 626 gate 658 Peover—Lower 503 see Moreton 464 Talbey Inferior, sec NewhalljSee Lostock Gra- Peover Nether, see Lower , see Odd Nether Tabley 627 ]am,42o; also seeWren- Peover 503 Rode 514 TableyNether, seeNether bury-cum-Frith 680 , see Over Schools Hill, see Cheadle 207 Tabley 627 Newton, by Middlewich.. 458 Peover 505 Seacombe 543 Talbey Superior, or Over 627 Newton, see Prestbury... 510 Pepper Street, see Apple- Sevenoaks, see Antrobus 45 Tarporley 628 Newton,or Newton Moor, ton 46 Shadow Moss, see North­ Tarvin 631 see Hyde 377 Pexall, see Henbury 359 enden 489 TattenhaU 633 Newton-by-Chester 488 , see Great Bud­ Sharston Green, see Tatton, see Rostherne ... 518 Newton - by - Daresbury, worth 197 Northenden 490 Taxal 634 see Daresbury 301 Picton, or Pickton, see Shavington -cum-Gresty, Taxmcre, see Sandbach 538 Ne wtOL -by-Frodsham, see 506 see Wybunbury 682 Tetton, see Warmingham 651 Kingsley 391 Pikelow, see Marton 458 Shining Tor, see Maccles­ ThelwaU 635 Newton-by«MaIpa8 449 Plemstall, or Plemonstall 506 field Forest 447 Thingwall, see Wood­ Newton-by-Tattenhall,see Plumbley, see Low. Peover 504 Shipbrook,or Shipbrooke, church 677 Tattenhall 633 Pointon, see Poynton 507 see Davenham 303 Thorns Green, seeAshley 47 Newton-cum-Larton, see Pool—Nether & Over, see Shocklach 550 Thornton Childer, see West Kirby 392 EUesmere Port 328 Shocklach Church, see Hooton 367 Newtown, see Disley 306 Poole, see Worleston 679 Shocklach 551 Thornton-Hough 635 Noctorum, see Wood­ Port Sunlight, see Birken­ , see Thornton-le-Moors 636 church 677 head 73 Shocklach 551 637 Portwood, see Stockport 56S Shotwick 551 Thurlwood, see Old Rode 514 PottShrigley 506 552 Thurstaston 637 Mil INDEX TO KELLY S CHESHIRE DIRECTORY

PAGE PAGE ' PAGE PAGE Tilston 633 Wallasey Dock, see Bir­ \\'harton, see Wins­ Withington — Lower, see 639 kenhead 69 ford 671 Prestbury 510 Timperley 639 Wallasey Pool,see Birken­ Whatcroft with Ship- Withington — Old, see Tintwistle 642 head 69 brook,see Davenham... 303 Chelford 212 Tittenley (), Wallerscoat, or Wallers- Wheelock 657 Witton, see Northwich... 492 see Audlem 55 cote, see Weaverham... 653 Whitby, see EUesmere Witton-cum-Twambrooks, Tiverton, see Tilstone Walton 649 Port 329 see Northwich 492 Fearnall 639 \A'alton Inferior, see Wal­ AVbite Nancy,see BoUing­ Wood Lanes,seeAdUngton 23 Toft 643 ton 649 ton, near Prestbury ... 185 Woodbank, see Shotwick 552 Torkington, see Hazel Warburton 650 Whitegate 658 Woodchurch 677 Grove - cum -Bramhall 353 \\'ardle, or WardhuU, see \^'hiteley Green, see Ad­ Woodcott, see Wrenbury- Tranmere,see Birkenhead 73 Bunbury 201 iington 23 cum-Frith 680 Tushingham-cum-Grind- Warford—Great, see Al­ W'hitley—Lower& Higher 659 Woodford 678 ley 643 derley 24 Wichaugh, or , Woodhead, or Longden­ Twambrooks, see North­ Warford — Little, see see Malpas 449 dale 678 wich 492 Marthall 457 Wiglaiid, see Malpas 449 Woodhey, see Bebington 63 , see Goostrey- Warmingham 651 447 Woodhouses.see Dunham cum-Barnshaw 340 Waverton 652 Wilderspool 622 Massey 317 Tytherington, see Prest­ Weast Heath, see Congle­ Wilksley, or Wilkesley, Woodhouses, see Frod­ bury 510 ton 275 see Dodcott 307 sham 337 Upper Brighton, see New Weaver, see Winsford, or Willaston 660 AVo()dLanes,seeAdlington 23 Brighton 480 Weever 671 Willaston, see Wybun­ Woodley, see Bredbury... 192 Upper Whitley 659 Weaverham 652 bury 683 Woodside,see Birkenhead 68 Upton, or Overchurch Werneth, see Compstall 273 WiUington 660 Woodside, see 656 (near Birkenhead) 644 \Aervin 654 Wilmslow 660 , see Nant­ Upton (near Chester) ... 645 West Float, see Birken­ , see wich 470 Upton, see Prestbury 510 head 69 Thornton-le-Moors 637 Worleston 678 , see Tarporley.. 630 West Kirby 392 , or Wim- Worth, see Poynton 507 , see Ghristle­ Weston-by-Crewe 654 bersley, see Middlewich 459 Wrenbury-cum-Frith ... 680 ton 270 Weston Point, see Wes- Wincham 668 Wrenbury Frith,see Wren­ , or Walker- ton-bj'-Runcorn 655 , or Winkel 669 bury-cum-Frith 680 ton, see Wybunbury... 683 Weston-bj'-Runcorn 655 Winnington, see North­ Wrinehill, see Doddington 308 Walkerton, see Wybun­ Wettenhall, or Wetenhall 656 wich.... 494 Wybunbury 681 bury 683 \\'haley, see Whaley Winsford 669 Wychough, see Malpas... 449 Wall HiU, see Astbury ... 52 Bridge 656 WirswaU 676 Yeardsley - cum-Whaley, Wallasey 646 Whaley Bridge 656 676 see Whaley Bridge 656 LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL SEATS IN CHESHIRE With Reference to the Places under which they will be found in this Volume

PAGE PAGE Abbots Moss, Hon. Mrs. Gholmondeley, see Marton, Ghorlton hall, John D'Arcy Hartley esq. see Ghorlton, Whitegate 659 Malpas 448 Adiington hall, Mrs. Legh, see Adiington 23 Ghorlton hall, William Henderson Walker esq. see Agden hall, Oswald G. Moseley esq. see Agden BoUington Ghorlton-by-Backford 56 (nr. Altrincham) 184 Ghristleton hall, Mrs. Pitcairn Campbell, see Ghristleton 270 Alderley park. Lord Sheffield p.c, D.L.,J.P see Alderley 23 Claughton Manor house, Thomas Hughes Jackson Aldersey hall, Hugh (Aldersey esq.B. A.,j.p.see Coddington 272 esq. J.p. see Claughton, Birkenhead 72 Appleton haU,Thomas Hy.Lyon esq.D.i..,j.p.seeAppleton 46 , Katherine C. Duchess of West­ Ardeme haU, Earl of Haddington K.T., J.P. see Eaton, minster, see Dodcott-cum-Wilkesley 307 Tarporley 629 Cranage haU,WilliamOswald Carver esq.J.p.seeCranage 282 . Piers Egerton-Warburton esq. D.L., J.P. see Grewe haU, Earl of Grewe p.c. see Grewe Green 299 Aston-by-Budworth 52 Crewe-hill, Harry Barnston esq. M.A., M.P., J.P. see Arrowe haU, Thomas G. Williamson esq. see Arrowe, Farndon 331 Woodchurch 677 Dale (The), Reginald Potts esq. see Moston 465 Ashbrook towers, Charles Frederick Goryndon Lux- Dale Fords, Harry Dewhurst esq. J.P. see Marton, moore esq. J.P. see Church Minshull 271 Whitegate 659 Ashton Hayes, Ernest Johnson esq. J.P. see Ashton Daresbury hall, Charles Herbert Tinsley esq. see Dares­ Hayes 51 bury 300 Astle haU,Lieut.-Col. George Dixon D.L.,j.p.see Chelford 212 Damhall hall, William Henry Verdin esq. D.L., J.P. see Aston haU, John Sutherland Harmood-Banner esq. Damhall, Winsford 671 M.P., D.L., J.p. see Aston-by-Sutton 53 Davenham hall, Russell Allen esq. D.L., J.P. see Aston lodge, Arthur Hervey Talbot esq. J.P. see Aston- Davenham 302 by-Sutton S3 Davenport hall, Lt.-Col. Robt. Fras. Gartside-Tipping, Bache hall. Major John Macgillycuddy, see Bache 56 C.B., J.p. see Davenport, Swettenham 626 Backwood haU, Mrs. Rathbone, see Leighton, Neston... 477 Delamere house, Hugh Edward Wilbraham esq. J.P. Bagstones, Miss Booth, see Wincle 669 see Guddington, Weavenham 653 Barrowmore hall, Hugh Lyle Smyth esq. D.L., J.P. see Doddington hall, Sir Delves Louis Broughton hart, J.P Barrow 60 see Doddington 308 Beeches (The), William Sloane, see Moore, Daresbury 301 Dorfold hall, Henry James Tollemache esq. D.L., J.P. Beechwood, Frederick L. Steele esq. J.P. see Lymm 421 see Acton 21 Belmont hall, Roscoe Biunner esq. J.P. see Great Dunham Massey hall. Countess of Stamford, see Budworth 197 Dunham Massey 317 Bidston court, John Lever Tillotson esq. see Bidston- Dutton lodge, Charles Maclver esq. see Little Leigh... 407 cum-Ford 67 Eastham house, J. Herbert Vernon esq. see Eastham... 320 Birtles hall,John Brooks Close-Brooks esq. J.P.see Birtles 183 Eaton hall. His Grace the Duke of Westminster, Lord Birtles Old haU, Edwin H. Story esq. see Birtles 183 Lieut, see Eccleston 321 Bolesworth castle, George Barbour esq. M.A., D.L., J.P. Eaton hall, Lieut.-Col. John Coutts Antrobus J.P. see see Broxton, Bickerton 65 Eaton 320 Bostock hall. Col. Charles Hosken France-Hayhurst Edge hall, Francis WoUey-Dod, see Edge, Malpas 449 D.L., J.p. see Bostock, Davenham 302 Elms (The), Henry Charles Burder esq. J.P. see Acton Boughton hall, James Garrett Frost esq. J.P. see Great Grange, Walton 650 Boughton 188 Erwoodhall, Mrs. Gosselin-Grimshaw, see Taxal 635 BramaU hall, Chas. Henry Nevill esq. J.P. see BramhaU, Frankby hall. Sir Thomas Bland Royden bart. D.L., J.P. Hazel Grove 352 see Frankby 332 Brereton haU, John Moir esq. J.P. see Brereton 195 Gayton hall, Mrs. Catherine Duncan, see Heswall 360 Bromborough hall. Sir William Bower Forwood D.L., Grappenhall hall, Francis Aylmer Frost esq. J.P. see J.p. see Bromborough 196 Grappenhall 340 frookside, Gapt. John Kennedy J.P. see Arclid,Sandbach 542 Hampton hall, WilldingWillding-Jones esq. see Gampton, Broxton Lower hall. Lord Arthur Hugh Grosvenor D.L., Malpas 449 J.p. see Broxton, Bickerton 65 HarehUl, R. W. Douglas Phillips-Brocklehurst esq. J.P. Broxton Old hall. Lady Henrietta Grey-Egerton, see see Alderley Over, Birtles 183 Broxton, Bickerton 65 Harewood lodge. Col. William Sidebottom V.D., J.p.see Buglawton hall, Joseph Maghull Yates esq. K.C. see Broadbottom, Mottram 466 Buglawton 199 Haughton haU, Ralph Brocklebank esq. D.L., J.P. see Burton manor, Henry Neville Gladstone esq. J.P. see Haughton, Bunbury 201 Burton 203 Heawood hall, Noel Lee esq. see Nether Alderley 24 Caldy manor, Alexander Percy Eccles esq. see West Hefferston grange, Isidor Frankenburg esq. see Kirby 392 Weaverham 653 • hall, John Julius Jersey deKnoop esq. J.P. see Henbury hall, William Walter Brocklehurst esq. see Calveley, Bunbury 201 Henbury-cum-Pexall 359 Capenhurst hall, Richard Taswell Richardson esq. Heyes (The), Joseph Charlton Parr esq. D.L., J.P. see B.A., J.p. see Capenhurst 205 Grappenhall 340 Gapesthorne hall, Lieut.-Col. \\'illiam Bromlej-Daven- High Legh hall, Lt.-Gol. Hubert Legh J.P. port D.S.O., D.L., J.p. see Gapesthorne 205 High Legh 406 Garden hall. George Lionel Holdsworth, see Highfields, Charles Walford Kellock esq. see Buerton, TUston 638 Audlem 54 Carlettpark, Rev. Wm. Edward Torr M.A. see Eastham 320 HiU Bark, Mrs. Smith, see Frankby 332 C'assia lodge, Arthur Reiss esq. see Marton, ^^•hitegate 659 Hill End house, George John Chapman esq. see •Castle park, Misses Wright, see Frodsham 334 Mottram-in-Longdendale 465 Cedars (The;, James Maddock esq. J.P. see Alsager 28 Hoole hall, Mrs. Arthur Potts, see Hoole 365 Cherry hill, Samuel Henry .^andbach esq. M.A., J.P. see Ince haU, Mrs. Park-Yales, see Ince 390 Guddington, Malpas 448 Jodrell hall, Egerton Leigh esq. D.L., J.P. seeTwemlow, Cholmondeley caslle,Marquess of Gholmondeley p.c,D.L. Goostrey-cum-Barnshaw 340 see Bickley 66 LIST OF TBE PKINCIPAL SEATS IN CHESHIRE.

Kermincham lodge, Charles Sumner Hoare esq. J.P. Reaseheath haU, Col. Edward Thomas DavenantCotton- see Kermincham, Swettenham 626 JodreU C.B. (late R.A. ), D.L., J.P. see Worleston 679 Lee hall, Mrs. Greg,see Mottram St. Andrew, Prestbury 510 Rode hall, George Barrington Baker-Wilbraham esq. Littleton, Samuel Sidebottom esq. see Ghristleton 270 M.A., J.p. see Odd Rode 515 Lyme hall, Lord Newton D.L., J.P. see Lyme Handley, Rookery hall. Baron William Henry von Schroder D.L., Prestbury 510 J.p. see AVorleston 679 Maesfen hall. Rev. The Hon. Algernon Parker M.A. see RosehiU, Wm. Joseph Parkyn esq. J.P. see Northenden 490 Macefen, Tushingham 644 Rostherne manor. Lord Egerton of Tatton D.L., J.P. Marbury hall, Arthur Hornby Lewis esq. D.L., J.P. see see Rostherne 518 Marbury 45^ Rowton hall, John Wm. Macfie esq. J.P. see Ghristleton 27a Marbury hall, Bryan Davies Poole esq. see Marbury- Saighton grange. Countess Grosvenor,see ChurtonHeath 272 cum-Quoisley 451 Sandiway house, John Fowler Leece Brunner esq. M.P., Marple hall, John Henry Bradshaw-Isherwood esq. J.P. J.p. see Sandiway, Weaverham 653 see Marple 453 Sharston hall, Robert Clay esq. see Northenden 490 Mere hall, William Prinsep Langford-Brooke esq. see Shavington hall. Earl of Shrewsbury & Talbot, see Mere, Rostherne 518 Shavington, Wybunbury 683 Mere Old hall. Sir Frank Forbes Adam C.I.E., D.L. see Shotwick park, William Vernon esq. see Great Saug­ Rostherne 518 hall, Shotwick 551 Middlewich Manor house, William Roylance Court esq. Shrigley haU, Col. WilUam Gorges Lowther J.P. see J.p. see Newton-by-Middlewich 458 507 Mobberley hall, Kenneth Grossley esq. see Mobberley... 463 Somerford Booths hall, Clement WiUiam Swetenham Mobberley Manor house, Arthur Lavington Payne esq. esq. J.p. see Hulme Walfield 374 J.p. see Mobberley 463 Somerford park. Col. Sir Walter Geoffrey Shakerley Mobberley Old haU, Ernest Gerard Leycester esq, B.A., bart. J.p. see Somerford, Astbury 52 LL.B., J.p, see Mobberley 463 Springwood hall, Samuel Horsfield esq. J.P. see Romiley 516 Mollington hall, Thomas Gibbons Frost esq. see Great Stanthorne hall, The Misses Dutton, see Stanthorne 567 Mollington, Backford 56 Statham lodge, John Coxon esq. see Lymm 421 Moore house. Miss Milner, see Moore, Daresbury 301 Stretton hall, Edward C. Turner esq. see TUston 638 Moston hall, Mrs. James Swetenham, see Moston 465 Swettenham hall, Harold L. Behrens esq. see Swetten­ Mottram hall, ISIrs. Wright, see Mottram St. Andrew, ham 626 Prestbury 510 , Hon. Lady Leighton-^^'arren, see Nether New Moreton hall, George Herbert Shakerley-Ackers Tabley 627 J.p. see Astbury 52 , Lord Egerton of Tatton D.L., J.P. see Nevrton hall, Cecil P. Smith esq. see Newton-by-Ghester 488 Tatton, Rostherne 51& Norbury Booths haU, Alfred Lassam Goodson esq. J.P. ThelwaU hall, Rear-Admiral John Parry Jones-Parry see Over Knutsford 398 J.p. see ThelwaU 635 Norcliffe hall, Colonel Ernest ^\'illiam Greg J.P. see Thomycroft hall (unoccupied), see Siddington 552 Styal, Wilmslow 663 Tilstone house, Gapt. Frederick Howard Wingfield Norley bank, Col. WiUiam Lee Pilkington D.L., J.P. see Fetherstonhaugh, see Tilstone Fearnall 639 Norley 489 TUstone lodge, Cyril Dewhurst, see Tilstone FearnaU... 639 Norley hall, Charles Bell esq. J.P. see Norley 489 Toft hall, Rafe Oswald Leycester esq. see Toft 643 North Rode Manor house, Edward Tootal Broadhurst Torkington lodge. Sir John E. Barlow bart. M.P., J.P. esq. J.p. see North Rode 514 see Torkington, Hazel Grove 35J , Sir Richard Marcus Brooke bart. D.L., Tushingham hall. Rev. Llewelyn Brooke Vawdrey M.A. J.p. see Halton 347 see Tushingham 644 Oaklands (The), Cecil H. Shepherd Cross esq. see Twemlow hall, Mrs. Glazebrook, see Goostrey 340 Newton-by-Daresbury 301 Tytherington hall, Hy. Charlton esq. J.P. see Tythering­ , Gapt. William Higson J.P. see Delamere 305 ton, Prestbury 510 Oughtrington ])ark, Gerard Powys Dewhurst esq. see Upton hall. Miss Beck, see Upton, Prestbury 510 Lymm 421 , Robert Dempster esq. see Whitegate 658 Oulton hall, Sir Philip Henry Brian Grey-Egerton bart. Walton haU, Sir Gilbert Greenall bart. D.L., J.P. see D.L., J.p. see Little Budworth 198 Walton 649 , Lord Tollemache D.L., J.P. see Walton lea. Col. Harry Ramsden Armitage, see Walton Bunbury 201 Superior 649 Peover hall. Sir Harry Stapleton Mainwaring bart. see Weavprham grange, Alfred Johnson esq. see Weaverham 652 Over Peover 505 Whitby hall, Mrs. Grace, see Whitby, EUesmere Port.. 329. Pettypool hall, Viscount John Henry Michael Cole, see ^^'icksted hall, Herbert Wicksted Ethelston esq. see Sandiway, Weaverham 653 WirswaU 676 Pole (The), Charles Leonard Agnew esq. see Antrobus 45 Willaston haU, James Bayley esq. J.P. see Willaston, Poole hall, Thomas Henry Hardj' esq. J.P. see Poole, Wybunbury 683 Worleston .*. 679 WiUington haU, Charles William Tomkinson esq. J.P. Portal, Hon. Marshall Jones Brooks esq. M.A. see see WiUington 66t Tarporley 628 Wimbolds Trafford hall, Richard George Henry Perryn Pott hall, Edward L. Hoyle esq. J.P. see Pott Shrigley 507 esq. see ^Vimbolds Trafford, Thornton-le-Moors 637 Pownall hall, Joseph Dickinson Lees esq. see Morley, WirswaU haU, Walter Thorn esq. see WirswaU 676 Wilmslow 643 Wistaston hall, Jn.BaskervyleGlegg esq. J.P.see Wistaston 676 Poynton towers, the Rt. Hon. Lord Vernon, see Poynton 507 Withington hall, Ernest Frank esq. see Old Withington, Puddington hall, Samuel Sanday esq. J.P. see Pudding- Chelford 212 ton, Burton 203 Wrenbury hall, Arthur Starkey esq. J.P. see Wrenburj-- Quarry Bank house, Gapt. Robert Alex. Greg J.P. see cum-Frith 680 Styal, Wilmslow 663 Wythenshawe hall, Thomas Egerton Tatton esq. J.P. Ravenscroft hall, Mrs. Kay, see Byley 204 see Northenden 490 INDEX TO NAMES OF ADVERTISERS

THE NUMBERS BEFEREED TO ARE THE ADVERTISEMENT PAGES AT THE END OF THE BOOK

PAGE ADAMS B., Estate agent & valuer ii MACE J., Timber, slate & sanitary pipe merchant 16 BERISFORD 8. & W., Wine & spirit merchants ... 13 McLELLAN BROS., Builders & contractors 11 BERRY H. & SONS, Monumental masons 12 MAYERS J., SON & CO., Joiners, builders & BLACKBURNE J. I. & CO., Wine & spirit contractors 10 merchants 9 MOORE & BROCK, Builders'merchants 15 BRADY' G. & CO., Lift, window blind & shutter MORRIS P. & CO. (CHESTER), Paint, color & manufacturers 17 varnish manufacturers 8 BRADY & SON, Auctioneers 16 NORTH BRITISH & MERCANTILE INSUR­ BRITISH ENGINE, BOILER & ELECTRICAL ANCE CO 4 INSURANCE CO. LTD 2 NORWICH UNION FIRE INSURANCE BROWN & CO. (CHESTER) LTD., House agents, SOCIETY LTD 4 valuers & auctioneers 9 PEN-YR-ORSEDD SLATE QUARRY CO. LTD. 16 BUEROWS C, B., Builder, contractor, gasfitter &c, 16 PERRY MISS, Private hotel 8 CLAYTON J,, Joiner, builder & contractor 12 PHCENIX ASSURANCE CO. LTD 5 CLEGG H. A. & SONS, Monumental masons 6 RATHBONE N., Quarry owner, stone & gravel COOKE B., Joiner, builder & contractor 13 merchant 14 COUNTY FIEE OFFICE LTD 3 RICHMOND & CHANDLER LTD., Chaff cutter ELLIS H,, Pianoforte warehouseman 9 manufacturers iS FRITH A,, Monumental mason 12 ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE 5 FRITH E. & A., Joiners & builders 12 ROYLANCE G. & CO. LTD., Builders' merchants 12 GROSVENOR MOTOR CO, LTD., Motor car SEWELL F. G., Sculptor «fe carver 12 engineers & agents 7 SUN FIRE OFFICE i GUEST & CHRIMES, Brass founders 19 THOMAS H. F., Upholsterer & cabinet manufactr. 10 HAJILOW B. & SON, Engineers & iron founders 13 VALLACK W., Court milliner & ladies' tailor 6 HENSHAW J., Wheelwright & smith 15 VERNON W, & SON, Builders & contractors 11 HEYWOOD F. JUN.. Printers' roller mnfr 18 WATSON E. LTD., Furnishing & general iron­ HIBBERT G., Timber merchant & saw mills 11 mongers 6 KELLY'S DIRECTORIES LTD., Printers & WE8TW00D J„ Plumber, glazier & gasfitter 14 publishers of the Post Office London, County WETTON J. & SONS LTD., Quarry owners & & Trades Directories &c Inside Front ^-Back stone merchants 14 Covers Sf page 20 WHITE W. C, Plumber, painter, decorator &c 16 LAMB R., Contractors'& builders'merchant 10 WHITEHEAD A., Milliner 6 LAW EEVERSIONARY INTEREST SOCIETY WOOD T. & SON, Ironmongers & art metal workers 11 LTD 3 WYATTBROS., Engineers, well borers &c 19 LONDON ASSURANCE 2 CLASSIFIED LXDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS

THE NUMBERS REFERRED TO ARE THE ADVERTISEMENT PAGES AT THE END OP THE COOE.

PAGE ASSURANCE. Builders' merchants:— BRITISH ENGINE, BOILER & ELECTRICAL J. CLAYTON 12 INSURANCE CO. LIMITED 2 B. COOKE 13 COUNTY FIRE OFFICE LIMITED 3 MOORE & BROOK 15 LAW EEVERSIONARY INTEREST SOCIETY G. ROYLANCE & CO. LIMITED 12 LIMITED 3 Building materials merchants : — LONDON ASSURANCE 2 E. & A. FRITH 12 NORTH BRITISH & MERCANTILE INSUR- Cabinet manufacturer:— ANCE CO 4 H. F. THOMAS 10 NORWICH UNION FIRE INSURANCE SO­ Cart & van builder :— CIETY LIMITED 4 J. HENSHAW 15 PHCENIX ASSURANCE CO. LIMITED 5 Cement merchant:— ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE 5 J. MACE 16 SUN FIRE OFFICE i Chaff cutter manufacturers :— RICHMOND & CHANDLER LIMITED 18 GENERAI. TRADES. Coal factors:— Agricultural ironmongers :— MOORE & BROCK 15 E. WATSON LIMITED 6 Color manufacturers: — Agricultural machinery manufacturers:— P. MORRIS & CO. (CHESTER) 8 RICHMOND & CHANDLER LIMITED 18 Contractors' & builders' merchant:— Antiquities—Dealer in :— R. LAMB 10 F. G. SEWELL 12 Contractor for house repairs: — Art metal workers :— W.C.WHITE 16 T, WOOD & SON II C'orn crusher manufacturers:— Artesian well engineers:— RICHMOND & CHANDLER LIMITED 18 WYATT BROTHERS 19 Cutlers:— Auctioneers :— T, WOOD & SON II BRADY & SON 16 Decorators:— BROWN & CO. (CHESTER) LIMITED ... 9 C.B. BUEEOWS 16 Boarding establishment:— W. VEENON&SON 11 MISS PERRY 8 W.C.WHITE 16 Brass founders:— Dress maker: — GUEST & CHRIxAIES 19 W, VALLACK 6 Brick manufacturers :— Ecclesiastical furniture maker:— F. G. SEWELL 12 R. LAMB 10 W. VERNON & SON 11 Electric lift manufacturers :— G. BEADY & CO 17 Builders & contractors:— H. BEEEY & SONS 12 Electric light lamp manufacturers : — GUEST & CHEIMES 19 C. B. BUEEOWS 16 J. CLAYTON 12 Engineers :— B. HAELOW&SON 13 B. COOKE 13 WYATT BROTHERS 19 E. & A. FEITH 12 McLELLAN BROTHERS u Fire extinguishing apparatus manufacturers :— J. MAYERS, SON & CO 10 GUEST & CHRIMES 19 G. EOYLANCE & CO. LIMITED 12 Food preparing machinery manufacturers :— W. VERNON & SON 11 RICHMOND & CHANDLEE LIMITED 18 Builders' ironmongers : — Funeral furnisher:— E. WATSON LIMITED 6 B. COOKE 13 CLASSIFIED LNDEX TO ADVERTISE!KNTS

THE NUMBERS REFERRED TO ABB THE ADVERTISEMENT PAGES AT THE END OP THE BOOK.

PAGE ASSURANCE. Builders' merchants:— BEITISH ENGINE, BOILBE & ELECTEICAL J. CLAYTON 12 INSUEANCE CO. LIMITED 2 B. COOKE 13 COUNTY FIEE OFFICE LIMITED 3 MOORE & BROOK 15 LAW EEVEESIONAEY INTEEEST SOCIETY G. ROYLANCE & CO. LIMITED 12 LIMITED 3 Building materials merchants :— E. & A. FRITH 12 LONDON AS3UEANCE 2 Cabinet manufacturer:— NOETH BEITISH & MEECANTILE INSUE­ H. F. THOMAS 10 ANCE CO 4 Cart & van builder :— NOEWICH UNION FIEE INSUEANCE SO­ CIETY LIMITED 4 J. HENSHAW 15 PH(ENIX ASSUEANCE CO. LIMITED 5 Cement merchant: — EOYAL EXCHANGE ASSUEANCE 5 J. MACE 16 SUN FIEE OFFICE 1 Chaff cutter manufacturers :— RICHMOND & CHANDLER LIMITED 18 GENERAI^ TRADES. Coal factors:— Agricultural ironmongers :— MOORE & BROCK 15 E. WATSON LIMITED 6 Color manufacturers: — Agricultural machinery manufacturers : — P. MORRIS & CO. (CHESTER) 8 EICHMOND & CHANDLEE LIMITED 18 Contractors' & builders' merchant:— Antiquities—Dealer in :— R. LAMB 10 F. G. SEWELL 12 Contractor for house repairs: — Art metal workers :— W.C.WHITE 16 T. WOOD & SON II C'orn crusher manufacturers:— RICHMOND & CHANDLER LIMITED 18 Artesian well engineers:— WYATT BEOTHEES 19 Cutlers:— T, WOOD & SON II Auctioneers :— Decorators:— BEADY & SON 16 BROWN & CO. (CHESTER) LIMITED ... 9 C.B. BUEEOWS 16 Boarding establishment: — W. VEENON&SON 11 W.C.WHITE 16 MISS PERRY 8 Dress maker:— Brass founders:— W. VALLACK 6 GUEST & CHRIMES 19 Ecclesiastical furniture maker:— Brick manufacturers :— F. G. SEWELL 12 R. LAMB 10 Electric lift manufacturers :— W. VERNON & SON u G. BEADY & CO 17 Builders & contractors:— Electric light lamp manufacturers :— H. BEERY & SONS 12 GUEST & CHRIMES 19 C. B. BUEEOWS 16 Engineers:— J. CLAYTON 12 B. HARLOW & SON 13 B. COOKE 13 WYATT BROTHERS 19 E. & A. FEITH 12 McLELLAN BEOTHERS n Fire extinguishing apparatus manufacturers :— J. MAYERS, SON & CO 10 GUEST & CHRIMES 19 G. ROYLANCE & CO. LIMITED 12 Food preparing machinery manufacturers :— W. VERNON & SON u RICHMOND & CHANDLEE LIMITED 18 Builders' ironmongers :— Funeral furnisher:— E. WATSON LIMITED 6 B. COOKE 13 XIV CLASSIFIED INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.

PAGE Furnishing ironmongers:— Paint manufacturers: — E.WATSON LIMITED 6 P. MOREIS & CO. (CHESTEE) 8 Furniture removers:— Painters :— B. COOKE 13 C. B. BURROWS 16 H. F. THOMAS 10 W.C.WHITE 16 Furniture storer:— Pianoforte warehouseman: — H. F. THOMAS 10 H. ELLIS 9 Gasfitters:— Plumbers: — C. B. BUEEOWS 16 C. B. BURROWS 16 J. WESTWOOD 14 J. WESTWOOD 14 Gas fittings manufacturers :— AY. C. WHITE 16 GUEST & CHEIMES 19 Gas meter makers :-- Printers & publishers:— GUEST & CHRIMES 19 KELLY'S DIRECTORIES LTD., Printers & publishers of the Post OflBce London, Glazier:— County & Trades Directories &c Inside J. WESTWOOD 14 Front iSj Back Covers ^ page 20 Granite & marble masons :— Printers' roller manufacturer :— H. A. CLEGG & SONS 6 T. HEYWOOD, JUN 18 Grocers: — Provision merchants:— S. & W. BERISFORD 13 S. & W. BERISFORD 13 Haulage conti-actor:— Quarry owners: — B.COOKE 13 PEN-YR-ORSEDD SLATE QUARRY CO, Heating apparatus manufacturers : — LIMITED 16 B. HARLOW & SON 13 N. RATHBONE 14 Heating engineers:— J. AVETTON & SONS LIMITED 14 WYATT BROTHERS 19 Roller composition manufacturer:— Hotel—Private :— T. HEYWOOD, JUN 18 MISS PERRY 8 Sanitary engineers: — House, land & estate agents : — J. CLAYTON 12 B.ADAMS n G, ROY'LANCE & CO. LIMITED 12 BROWN & CO. (CHESTER) LIMITED 9 Sanitary pipe merchant: — H, F, THOMAS 10 J. MACE 16 Insurance brokers' agent:— Sawing & planing mills : — B.ADAMS II G. HIBBERT 11 Iron founders: — Sculptor & carver:— B. HARLOW & SON 13 F. G. SEWELL 12 Ironmongers:— Shop & office fitters:— E. WATSON LIMITED 6 J. MAYERS, SON & CO 10 T. WOOD & SON II Shutter (revolving) manufacturers : — Joiners:— G. BRADY & CO 17 B. COOKE 13 Sign writer :— E, & A. FRITH 12 C.B. BUEEOWS 16 J. MAYERS, SON & CO 10 Slate merchants: — Kitchen range manufacturers :— J. MACE 16 T. WOOD & SON II PEN-YE-OESEDD SLATE QUAEEY CO. Ladies' tailor:— LIMITED 16 W. VALLACK 6 Slate quarry owners:— Lift & hoist manufacturers: — PEN-YE-OESEDD SLATE QUAEEY CO. G. BRADY «fc CO 17 LIMITED 16 Milliners:— Spring roller blind manufacturers : — W. VALLACK 6 G. BEADY & CO 17 A. WHITEHEAD 6 Stone & gravel merchant:— Monumental masons:— N. EATHBONE 14 H. BEERY & SONS 12 Stone merchants:— H. A. CLEGG & SONS 6 J, WETTON & SONS LIMITED 14 A. FRITH 12 Surveyors:— F. G, SEWELL 12 BEADY&SON 16 Motor car body builders: — Tile merchant:— GROSVENOR MOTOE CO. LIMITED 7 J. MACE 16 Motor car engineers & agents :— Timber merchants:— GEOSVENOE MOTOE CO, LIMITED 7 G. HIBBEET n Motor car repairers, painters & trimmers :— J. MACE 16 GROSVENOR MOTOE CO. LIMITED 7 G. ROYLANCE & CO. LIMITED 12 CLASSIFIED INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. XV

'Upholsterer:— Wheelwrights:— H, F. THOMAS lo G, EOYLANCE & CO. LIMITED 12 Valuers:— Wheelwright & smith:— B.ADAMS II J. HENSHAW 15 BEADY & SON i6 Window blind manufacturers :— BEOWN & CO. (CHESTEE) LIMITED 9 G, BEADY & CO 17 H. F. THOMAS 10 Wine & spirit merchants:— Valve manufacturers:— • S. & W. BEEISFOED 13 GUEST & CHRIMES 19 J. L BLACKBUENE & CO 9 Varnish manufacturers:— Wood block flooring manufacturers:— P. MOERIS & CO. (CHESTEE) 8 W, VEENON&SON n Water meter manufacturers:— Wood preservative manufacturers:— GUEST & CHEIMES 19 P. MOEEIS & CO. (CHESTEE) S CHESHIEE

CHESHIRE is on the north-west side of , com­ with the soil, is favoarable for paatarage; the rich municating with the Irish Sea by the friths or mouths of dairy-land prodaces the famous cheese. Many agricnlx the Dee and Mersey: the county is bounded on the north tural and market garden products are also raised, sticau- by the Mersey, which divides it from , and by lated by the demand in Liverpool, Manchester and other a small portion of Yorkshire; on the east by Derbyshire populous manufacturing towns. (the small rivers Etherow and Goyt forming the boun­ The great tongue of land between the Dee and the dary) and south-east by Staffordslure; on the south by Mersey is called Wirral, and includes above 100,000 Shropshire; on the south-west by Denbighshire and on acres: the southern suburbs of Liverpool are seated on the west by Tlintshire and the Irish Sea; and is about its northern shores. The friths of the Dee and Mersey 32 miles from north to south, and about 50 from east are navigable for shipping, and have on them the ports to west. of Birkenhead, Chester and Runcorn. The Weaver has The population of Cheshire has largely increased been made navigable for vessels of from 250 to 300 tons during the last century ; the following table shows the from Winsford Bridge, and falls into the estuary of the numbers at each census: — Mersey at Weston Point Docks, The Manchester Ship Canal, This canal is intimately Year. ' Males. Females. Total. associated with Cheshire, the mouth being on the 1 Cheshire shore of the Mersey, and portions of it traverse the county. The Manchester Ship Canal Company was 1 incorporated by the Act 48 and 49 Vict, c, 188, which 1801 93.03s 99,270 1 192.305 received the royal assent, 6 August, 1885, The capital iSii 1 110,858 116,173 1 227,031 was originally fixed at ^^8,000,000, with borrowing powers 1821 132,952 137.146 1 270,098 up to ;^i,812,000, but in 1890 second debentures were 1831 1 164,133 170,258 334.391 issued for ;^6oo,ooo, and in 1891 the Manchester Cor­ 1841 ! 193,646 202,014 i 395,660 poration was associated with the undertaking, and 1851 , 222,386 233.339 1 455.725 advanced ^^5,000,000. The Company is also authorised 1861 244.314 261,114 j 505,428 to borrow ^^100,000 on the security of surplus lands. 1871 1 271,033 290,168 561,201 By the " Manchester Ship Canal (Finance) Act, 1904,'' 1881 311,188 332.849 ' 644.037 the Company is authorised to issue 3^ per cent, non- 1891 359.100 384.769 743.879 cumulative preference shares or stock in settlement of arrears of debenture interest payable to the Manchester Corporation in respect to the ;^5,000,000 loan. The 9 The population of the administrative county in 1901 objects for which the company was formed include the was 827,191, viz.:—males, 395,017; females, 432,174. purchase of " The Bridgewater Canals Undertaking," The number of houses in 1901 was: inhabited 172,177, which includes the Mersey and Irwell Navigation and uninhabited 14,323, including 5,890 in general occupa­ the Runcorn and Latchford canal, also warehouses at tion for business or other purposes, and building 1,508 Manchester and Warrington and the Old Quay docks at The area of the administrative county and three Runcorn. The work was begun in November, 1887, county boroughs is 654,825 acres. under the superintendence of Mr. E. Leader Williams The area of the ancient or geographical county is M.I.CE. as engineer, and the late Mr. T. A. Walker rather above the average of English shires, being 657,783 being the contractor until his death, November 25, acres. The population in 1901 was 815,099, viz. : — 1889, and it was finished under other contracts. The males, 389,768; females, 425.331. canal was opened for traffic ist January, 1894. The The in the Iberian, Celtic and formal or official opening by H.M. the late Queen Belgian periods is almost a blank. The Bomans occupied Victoria took place May 21, 1891, and on July 13, 1905, the county during many years; Chester, the ancient His late Majesty King Edward VII. and Queen Alexandia Deva, was the station of the 20th Legion, and the county opened a magnificent new dock. The total expenditure was intersected by many Roman roads, the remains ol on capital account to June 30, 1905 was ;^i6,302,565. which may still be traced in different places. After the The canal itself is 35^ miles in length, and virtually downfall of the Romans, the Welsh held it till about 607, consists of four long docks, with five sets of locks, when it fell under the power of Ethelfrith, King of Ber- and 12 miles of the entire length, i.e. from Bixton nicia; but it was recovered by the Welsh, who held to Manchester, bas bsen formed by making a direct much of it till it was again taken by Egbert in 828, and and deep channel for the united streams of the Mersey annexed to the kingdom of , since which it has and Irwell, which the former enters at Irlam, the latter— always been held by the English. For several centuries by far the most important oontributor—^passing direct it was the scene of frequent warfare with the Welsh. into the Manchester Decks, the Mersey resuming its Daring the Parhamentary war Cheshire was hotly con­ course towards the sea on the north of the canal near tested; but in February, 1646, the Royalists were ThelwaU. The lower section of the canal from East­ subdued. ham to Buncorn forms a carved line of 13 miles along William the Norman made it a county palatine for his the Cheshire shore of the estuary of the Mersey, joining at Weston Point the mouth of the navigable river nephew, Hugh Lupus, whose dynasty held it for two Weaver, which is connected with an extensive system of centuries; it has been since 1246 an appanage of the canals; the depth of the canal is 26 feet, and is now eldest sons of the king, who hold the Earldom ol being deepened to 28 feet, the various locks raising Chester, with the Principality of " and Duchy of its level on the whole to 70 feet above mean sea level Cornwall, giving a nonunal suzerainty over the 'West or 60 feet above the low water level of the Eastham of England. Pond; the minimam width at the bottom is 120 The county is generally level, consisting of the vales of feet, or 48 feet wider than the bottom of the Suez the two great river systems of the Dee and Mersey and canal; and for a distance of 3J miles, on approaching of the peninsula of Wirral, and includes several meres Manchester, the bottom width is 170 feet, so that ships or large ponds, of which Combermere is the largest; can lie along the banks without interfering with the towards the north and east the county rises into low hills fairway. The Dock Estate covers an area of 406J acres, and moorland. The soils consist of clayey and sandy including a water space of 120 acres, and quays 6J loams and peat-moss, overlying the miles in length. The Manchester docks are on both formation. banks of the Irwell, chiefly in , but also in Man­ The county is watered by the Mersey, the Dee and the chester on the site of Pomona Gardens, Combrook. Weaver, and their tributaries, the Dane, the Bollin, the rhey occupy a space of 71 acres. At Barton-on-the~ Peover and the Wheelock. The climate is moist, and, j CHESH'RE 1 CHESHIRE. [KKLLY'd Irwell (Lancashire) the canal is crossed by the Bridge- passing from the south by Stafford, Crewe, Winsford water caned, carried over it by an aqueduct, which and Warrington to the north, and by Buncorn across is constructed as a cassion or trough. The Barton the Mersey to Liverpool. From Crewe branches pass to aqueduct moves on a radius of rollers; the span of each Sandbach junction, Stockport and Manchester on the is 90 feet; full length 235 feet; width 18 feet, depth 6 north-ea«t, to Chester on the north-west, on the south­ feet; weight when swinging 1,450 tons. Here is a swing west through Whitchurch to Shropshire and Sooth bridge for vehicular and passenger traffic. Near by are Wales, on the south-cast to the Pottery District. From the Barton locks, 600 feet by 65 feet, and 350 feet by 40 Chester lines run to Holyhead in , and feet, and four sluices, each 30 feet wide, with a descend­ through Shrewsbury to the Welsh borders and to South ing level of 15 feet; at Irlam, where the Cheshire Lines Wales. Another line connects Macclesfield with Stafford­ railway crosses by a viaduct, is another set of locks shire, and there is also a line from Stockport through and sluices of similar dimensions, also affording a Cheadle and Lymm to Warrington, At Crewe are the descent of 16 feet; several railway lines also cross the great engineering works of the London and North canal, and all the railway bridges have a high elevation, Western railway. The London and North Western and so as to give a clear headway of 75 feet above the Great Western joint railway have branch lines from water. The lines of approach to these bridges extend Chester through Hooton junction to Birkenhead, through i^ miles on each side, and rise i in 135. At Partington Helsby junction to Frodsham jimction and Buncorn, is a large coal basin with coal tips for loading vessels: from Hooton junction to West Kirby, where it joins the at Latchfoid, south-east of Warrington, is a farther set Wirral railway, and one from Whitchurch through Malpas of locks of equal size, with a fall of 16 feet 6 inches, and to Chester. about a mile and a Ixalf below this is Warrington. The The Great Western railway have a branch line from next important point is at Buncorn, about 7 miles below Shrewsbury to Crewe. Warrington ; the docks here are always accessible, instead The Cheshire Lines Committees railway have branches of at spring tides only, and the Ship canal is con- from Sandbach through Middlewich, Northwich, Knuts­ nected*at this point with the London and North Western ford, Altrincham and Bowdon to Manchester and railway, the Rimcorn and Weston canal, the Buncorn Stockport, also to Cheadle and from Northwich to and Latchford canal, and, via the , with the Chester, and to Helsby on the London and North town of (Lancashire), and the Sankey Navi­ Western and Great Western joint line and another to gation, having on its northern bend three locks: beyond Winsford and Over, this the junction of the necessitates sluices, The Great Central railway have a line from Stock­ ten in number, forming here the river wall of the canal port through Hyde and Dukinfield to Stalybridge, one and constructed to allow free access of the waters of the from Stockport to Manchester and another to Maccles­ Mersey, The canal, from the spot at which it emerges field. This company opened in 1896 a new line from into the estuary of the Mersey, is separated from it by Dee Bridge, passing through Parkgate and Upton to strongly constructed walls and embankments up to the Bidston junction on the Wirral railway, and to the entrance locks at Eastham, respectively 600 feet long Mersey tunnel at Birkenhead. and 80 feet wide, 350 feet long and 50 wide, and 150 The Midland raUway enters the county from the by 30; the sills of the gates are 2 feet 6 inches lower extreme north-east at Marple, passing through Hyde that the deepest dock sills at Liverpool or Birken­ to Manchester. This Company opened a line in 1902 head. EUesmere Port, 3^ miles from Eastham, is from New MiUs, in Derbyshire to Cheadle Heath, near the outlet for the Shropshire Union system of canals. Stockport. The locks on the Manchester canal are not single, The North railway have a branch line but are built in pairs, with intermediate gates, to from Stoke, Staffordshire, through Congleton and avoid waste of water in the passage of vessels of various Macclesfield to Manchester and another to Crewe. tonnage, and besides the principal locks there are sub­ The Manchester, South Junction and Altrincham raO- sidiary locks (side entrances) at Weston Marsh, Weston way connects those places and has a station at Sale. Mersey, Bridgewater, Buncorn (Old Quay), Walton and From Birkenhead the Wirral railway starts, passing Twenty-Steps. Vessels can navigate the canal with safety through Wallasey and Hoylake to its terminus at Weit at a speed of five miles an hour, and it is estimated that Kirby; this branch has a line from WaUasey to New • the passage from the entrance at Eastham to Manchester Brighton. can be accompUshed in eight hoars for the largest vessels, The minerals worked in Cheshire are fire-clay, brick- and five for average ones, which is much less time clay, coal, salt, gravel and sand, sandstone, limestone. than is at present taken to cart goods from ship to Coal is worked near Stockport, and is found in Wirral; rail in Liverpool and thence by rail to Manchester. the amount raised in 1908 was 346,663 tons, value it The Eastham section of the canal was flooded 19 Jane, the pits mouth, ;^i47,3i9- The number of coal mines 1891, and the first flotilla of traffic from EUesmere Port at work in 1908 was 18, employing 968 under ground passed down into the Mersey on the following 15 July; and 246 above ground. Salt is a great industry in this on 15 September, 1891, the water was admitted up county and obtained in large quantities from mines and to Weston Point, and on 25 November, 1893, the canal salt springs at Northwich, Nantwich, Middlewich and was entirely fiUed with water. The Partington coal Winsford; it is manufactured for the supply of England basin again, with Its 5^ acres of water space and a and for the export trade; for particulars of the production half mile of quayage, giving an area of 20 acres, is and manufacture, see Northwich, p. 493. The quantity only 8 miles from the nearest Lancashire coUiery, and of rock salt, white salt made from brine and salt con­ about 40 miles from the nearest South Yorkshire coal­ tained in brine raised in 1908 (including Staffs.) was field, which at present has no available outlet on the 1,167,995 tons. Fire-clay was raised to the extent of west coast. There is direct railway communication, 21,062 tons in 1908, value ;^6,304, and brick-clay, the Cheshixe Lines system crossing the canal at this 127,385 tons, value ^^7,060; gravel and sand, 24,350 point. At Buncorn, the Ship Canal Company, as the tons. Sandstone was raised to the extent of 44,576 tons owners of the Bridgewater docks, are conmected with in 1908, valued at ;^3,405. the Staffordshire potteries and coal and iron industries From its contiguity to South Lancashire the manu­ by the Trent and Mersey and Bridgewater canals. At factures of that district have extended into this county, Partington and Barton, the Wigan and Worsley coal­ including those of cotton and silk, fustian, woollen, fields are only a few miles from the canal. The docks worsted, flax, lace, ribbons and trimmings, hose, boots at Weston Point are joined to the great Cheshire salt and hats; cotton printing and dyeing are also carried field by the Weaver Navigation, over which a million on. Ship-building, chiefly on the Mersey, rope-making tons of salt is carried yearly for exportation. The and sail-cloth; also manufacture of chemicals, soap- district affected by the Manchester Ship canal con­ boiling and tallow chandlery, but salt is the principal tains over 150 important towns, 100 of which have a product of the county. The paper manufjuiture is small, population of more than 10,000, and in eleven of these and so is that of pottery. Brewing and malting are not the population exceeds 100,000: the total popolation of carried on so extensively as in many other shires. this area may be taken at 7.500,000, and it is also rich in minerals and great industries. The offices of the Bricks are made extensively; there are some small Company are at 41 Spring gardens, Manchester; F. A. works for the copper and zinc manufactures, and there Eyre, secretary and accountant. are some machine works. By the Act i Wm. IV. cap, 70, abolishing the palatine The other canals include the Grand Trunk, or Trent jurisdiction, the shire is joined with the North Wales and Mersey canal, the Chester and Nantwich canal, the circuit, and it has one court of quarter sessions. Chester Macclesfield canal, the EUesmere canal, Shropshire Union is the shire town and seat of the assizes and quarter canal and the Peak Forest canal. sessions. The county is divided into 16 petty sessional Cheshire is connected with the great system of railways divisions. by several lines, chiefly connecting with the south and The shire contains 464 , and is within the continuing the Lancashire communication. The London province of York, and forms a diocese comprising and North Western railway is the chief of these. the whole of the county of Chester, with the conntt DIRECTORY.] CHESHIRE. of the city of Chester. It is divided into the arch­ Shotwick Park Thornton-le-Moors deaconries Ol Chester and Macclesfield. Chester arch­ Stanlow ITpton-by-Chester deaconry is subdivided into the rural deaneries of Stanney—Great Birkenhead, Chester, Frodsham. Malpas, Middlewich, Stanney—Little Wimbolds Trafford Nantwich, Wallasey and Wirral; Macclesfield arch­ Stoke Woodbank deaconry is subdivided into the rural deaneries of Bowdon, Congleton, Macclesfield, Mottram and Stock­ Congleton Union. port. Alsager Hassall The municipal boroughs include the ancient cathedral Arclid Hulme Walfield city of Chester, having a population in igoi of 38,309, Betchton Kermincham and being a seaport; Birkenhead, no.915; Stockport Blackden Leese (1902). 92,832 ; Macclesfield, 34,624 ; Stalybridge, 26,673; BradwaU Moreton-cum-Alcumlow Dukinfield, 18,929; Congleton, 10,707; Crewe, 42,074; Brereton-cum-Smethwick Moston Hyde, 32,766; Wallasey (which includes Liscard and Buglawton Newbold Astbury PouIton-cum-Seacombe), 53,579; other towns and places Church Hulme, or Holme s OddRode are—Buncorn, a shipping port on the Mersey, 16,491; Chapel Sandbach Altrincham, 16,831 ; Winsford or Wharton, 3,319; Church Lawton SmaUwood Wilnaslow, 7,361 ; Nantwich, 7,772; Knutsford, 5,172; Congleton Somerford Lymm, 4,707; BoUington, 5,245; Mottram, 3,128 ; Cotton Somerford Booths Over, 7,063; Sandbach, 5,558; Frodsham, 2,728; 1 Cranage Swettenham Hoole, 5,341; Audlem, 1.455! Neston and Parkgate, j Davenport Tetton 4,154; Tarporley, 2,644; Tarvin, 1,093; Malpas, 1,139. 1 Elton Twemlow New Brighton, Hoylake, Great Neston and Parkgate ; Goostrey-cum-Barnshaw Wheelock are watering places. There are many large manufactur­ Macclesfield Union, ing villages in Cheshire. Adiington Mottram St, Andrew The Begistration districts are:— Alderley Edge Newton Alderley—Nether, or Inferior North Rode Alderley—Over, or Superior Pott Shrigley No. Name. Acres. Pop. 1901. Birtles Poynton-with-Worth BoUington Prestbury Bosley Rainow 443 Stockport 28,466 156,308 Butley siddington 444 Macclesfield 85,887 59.354 Gapesthorne Snelson 445 Bucklow 75.413 79.595 Chelford Sutton 446 Runcorn 50.434 39.735 Chorley Taxal 447 Northwich 62,569 £4.735 Eaton-by-Congleton Tytherington 448 Congleton 50.570 32,534 Fallibroome Upton 449 Nantwich 101,^54 72,993 Gawsworth Warford—Great 450 Chester (Union)... 38.713 54.639 Henbury-cum-Pexall Wildboarclough Tar vinUnion( Ches­ Hurdsfield Wincle ter Registrtn.dis) 63,069 15,258 Kettleshulme Withington—Lower 451 Wirral 45.573 44.316 Lyme Handley Withington—Old 452 Birkenhead 9,240 165,171 Macclesfield Woodford 1 Macclesfield Forest Yeardsley-cum-Whaley ' Marton The following is a list of the poor law unions with the places contained in each:— Nantwich Union. Birkenhead Union, Acton-by-Nantwich Haslington Bidston-cum-Ford Noctorum Alpraham Hatherton Birkenhead Poulton-cum-Seacombe Aston-juxta-Mondrum Haughton Liscard WaUasey Audlem Henhull Austerson Hough Bucklow Union (late Altrincham). Baddiley Hunsterson Agden Northenden Baddington Hurleston Altrincham Northen Etchells ' Barthomley Lea Ashley Ollerton i Basford Leighton Ashton-upon-Mersey Partington Batherton Minshull Vernon Aston-by-Budworth Peover Inferior Bickerton Monks CoppenhaU Baguley Peover Superior Blakenhall Nantwich Bexton Pickmere Bridgemere Newhall BoUin Fee Brindley Peckforton BoUington Ringway Broomhall Poole Bowdon Rostherne Buerton Ridley Garrington Sale Bulkeley Rope Dunham-Massey Styal Bunbury Shavington-cum-Gresty Hale Burland Sound High Leigh Calveley Spurstow Knutsford Tatton Checkley-cum-Wrinehill Stapelej- Lymm Timperley Cholmondeley Stoke MarthaU-cum-Warford Toft Gholmondeston Walgherton Mere W'arburnton Chorley Wardle MUlington Wilmslow Ghorlton Warmingham Mobberley Church Coppenhall Weston Chester Union. Church MinshuU Wettenhall Bache Hapsford Goole Pilate \^•iUaston Backford Hoole Crewe Wistaston Blacon-cum-Crabwall ' Dodcott-cum-Wilkesley Woodcott Boughton—Great Ince Doddington Woolstanwood Kinnerton—Lower Edleston Worleston Capenhurst Lea-by-Backford Egerton Wrenbury-cum-Frit h CaughaU Littleton Faddiley Wybunbury Chester Marlston-cum-Lache Hankelow Nort wich Union. Chorlton-by-Backford Mollington Chrisleton Moston Acton-by-Weaverham Cogshall Claverton Newton-by-Chester Allostock Comberbach Croughton Picton Anderton Crowton Dodleston Poulton Barnton Guddington Dunham-on-the-Hill Pulford Bostock Damhall Eaton Saughall—Great Budworth—Little Davenham Eccleston Saughall—Little Byley Delamere Elton Shotwick CJive Eaton-by-Davenham CBESHIRE 1* CHESHIRE. [KELLY'S

Eddisbury Oakmere Neston-cum-Parkgate Sutton—Great Hartford Over Netherpool Sutton—Little- Kinderton Peover Nether Overpool Thingwall Lach Dennis Rudheath Pensby Thornton Hough Leftwich Sproston Poulton-cum-Spittle Thurstaston Leigh—Little Stanthorne Prenton Upton, or Overchurch-by- Lostock Gralam Weaverham-cum-Milton Puddington Bir'cenhead Marbury Wharton or Winsford Raby Whitby Marston "Whatcroft Saughall Massie WiUaston Marton Wimboldsley Storeton W^oodchurch Middlewich Wincham Moulton Winnington The following is a list of the hundreds, with the places Northwich contained in each:— Hundred of Broxton (Higher division),—Aldersey, Ald­ Runcorn Union. ford, Barton, Bickerton, Broxton, Bulkeley, Burwardsley, Acton Grange Latchford Without Caldecott, Garden, Cholmondeley, Ghowley, Churton-by- Alvanley Mauley Alford, CJhurton-by-Farndon, Glutton, Coddington, Crewe, Antrobus Moore Egerton, Farndon, Grafton, Handley, Harthill, Horton-by- Appleton Newton-by-Daresbury Malpas, Kingsmarsh, Stretton and "TUston, Aston-by-Sutton Newton-by-Frodsham Hundred of Broxton (Lower division),—^Bacbe, BuertoUr Aston Grange Norley Caughall or Coughall, Ghristleton, Churton Heath or Bartington Norton Bruera, , Cotton Edmunds, Doddleston, Budworth—Great Preston on the Hill Eaton, Eccleston, Edgerley, Foulk Stapleford, Goulbourn CUfton Buncorn Bellow, Goldbourn David, Great Boughton, Hatton, Hoole, Crowley Sevenoaks Huntington, Huxley, , Littleton, Lower Kin­ Daresbury Stockham nerton, Marlston-cum-Leach, Mickle Trafford, Moston, Dutton Stockton Heath Newton-by-Chester, Newton-by-TattenhaU, Pickton, Poul­ Frodsham Stretton ton, Pulford, Rowton, Saighton, Sutton GuUden, Tatten­ Frodsham Lordship Sutton hall, Upton, Waverton and Wervin, Grappenhall ThelwaU Hundred of Eddisbury (First division).—Alpraham,Bees- Halton Walton Inferior ton, Bunbury, Calveley, , Delamere, Eaton, Eddis­ Hatton •Walton Superior bury, Haughton, IddinshaU, Kingswood, Little Budworth, Helsby Weston Keckwick Whitley Higher, or Superior Low Oulton, Marton, Oakmere, Over, Peckforton, Eidley, Kingsley Wbitlev Lower, or Inferior Bushton, Spurstow, Tarporley, Tilstone FearnaU.'HveTton, KingsM-ood Utkinton, Wardle, Weaver, Wettenhall and Whitegate. Hundred of Eddisbury (Second division).—Acton, Al­ Stockport Union, vanley, Ashton, Barrow,Bridge Trafford,Btuen Stapleford, Bredbury Hyde Burton-by-Tarvin, Castle Northwich, Glotton Hoofield, Brinnington Marple Crowton, Guddington, Duddon, Dunham-on-the-Hill, Cheadle Reddish (Lanes) Elton, Frodsham, Hapsford, Hartford, Helsby, Hockenhull Compstall Romiley Stapleford, Horton-cnm-Peel, Ince, Kelsall, Kingslejv Handforth Stockport Manley, Mouldsworth, Newton-by-Frodsham, Norley, Hazel Grove-cum-Bramhall Stockport Etchells Onston, Pryors Hayes, Tarvin-with-Oscroft, Thornton-le- Hea^n Norris (Lanes) Moors, Wallerscoat, Weaverham, WiUington, Wimbolds Trafford and Winnington. Tarvm Union. Hundred of Bucklow.—Acton Grange, Agden, Altrin­ cham, Anderton, Antrobus, Appleton or Hull and Appleton, Aldersey Guilden Sutton Ashley, Ashton-upon-Mersey, Aston-by-Budworth, Aston- Aldford Handler by-Sutton, Ashton Grange, Baguley, Barnton, Bartington, Ashton Harthill Bexton, BoUington, Bowdon, Garrington, Clifton or ROck- Barrow Hatton savage, CogshaU, Comberbach, Crowley, Daresbury, Dun­ Barton Hockenhull ham Massey, Dutton, Grappenhall. Great Budworth, Ha'.e, Beeston HortOH-by-M;i!pas Halton, Hatton, High Leigh, Kekewick or Keckwick,^ Broxton Horton-cum-Peel Latchford, Little Leigh, Lymm, Marbury, Marston, Mar- Bruen Stapleford Huntington thall-cum-Little-Warford, Mere, Millington, Mobberley, Buerton Huxley Moore or Moor, Nether or Inferior Knmtsford, Newton-by- Burton-by-Tarvin IddinshaU (liberty) Daresbury, Norton, Ollerton, Over or Superior Knutsford, Burwardsley Kelsall Partington, Peover Inferior, Peover Superior, Pickmere,. Caldecott Kingsmarsh Plmnbley, Preston on the Hill, Eostherne, Buncorn, Sale,. Garden Lea Newbold Seven Oaks, Stockham, Stretton, Sutton, Tabley Inferior, Ghowley Mouldsworth Tabley Superior, Tatton, ThelwaU, Timperley, Toft,Walton Churton-by- Aid ford Newton-by-Tattenhall Inferior, Walton Superior, Warburton, Weston, Whitley Churton-by-Farndon Pryors Hayes Inferior, Whitley Superior and Wincham. Churton Heath Rowton Hundred of Macclesfield.—^Adiington, Birtles, Bollin "Fee, Glotton Hoofield Rushton BolUngton, Bosden, Bosley, Bfamhall, Bredbury, Brinning­ Glutton Saighton ton, Butley, Gapesthorne, Cheadle Bulkeley, Cheadle Coddington Shockland Church Moseley, Chelford, Chorley, Disley or Disley Stanley, Cotton Abbotts Shockland Oviatt Eaton, Fallybroom or Fallybroome, Fulshaw, Gawsworth, Cotton Edmunds Stretton Great Warford, Handforth-cum-Bosden, Hazel Grove, Hen- Crewe-by-Farndon Tarporley bury-with-Pexhall, Hurdsfield, Hyde, Kettleshulme, Lower Duddon Tarvm Withington, Lyme Handley, ^Macclesfield, Macclesfield Eaton-by-Tarporley Tattenhall Forest, Marple, Marton, Mottram St. Andrew, Nether Edgerley Tilston Alderley, Newton, Norbury, North Bode, Northen, Northen Farndon Tilstone Fearnall Etchells, Offerton, Old Withington, Over Alderley, Pott­ Foulk Stapleford Tiverton Shrigley, Pownall Fee, Poynton or Pointon, Prestbury, Utkinton Rainow, Eomiley or Chadkirk, Siddington, Snelson, Waverton Somerford Booths, Stockport, Stockport Etchells, Sutton, Grafton WiUington Taxal, Torkington, Tytherington, LTpton, Wemeth,'Whaler- cum-Y"eardsley, Wildboarclough', "Wincle, Woodford and Wirral Union. Worth. Arrowe Gayton Hundred of Nantwich.—Acton, Alsager, Alvaston, A^ton Barnston Grange juxta Mondrum, Audlem, Austerson, Baddiley, Badding­ Bebington—Higher Greasby ton, Barthomley, Basford, Batherton, Betchton, Blaken­ Bebington —Lower Heswall-cum-Oldfield hall, Bridgemere, Brindley, Broomhall, Buerton, Burland, Brimstage Hooton Checkley-cum-Wrinehill, Cholmondestone, Chorley, Ghorl­ Bromborough Hoylake-cum-West Kirbv ton, Church Coppenhall, Church MinshuU, Cool Pilate, Burton Irby Crewe, Dodcott-cum-Wilkesley, Doddington, Edleston or Caldy Landican Edlaston, Faddiley, Hankelow, Haslington, Hassall, Ledsham Hatherton, Henhull, Hough, Hunsterson, Hurleston. Lea, Eastham Moreton Leighton, Monks Coppenhall, Nantwich, Newhall, Poole, Frankby Ness Bope, Shavington»cum-Gresty, Sound, Stapeley, Stoke,. DIRECTORY.] CHESHIRE.

Walgherton, Weston, WiUaston, Wistaston, Woodcott, Witton-cum-Twambroks, Wincham and Winnington in Woolstanwood, Worleston, Wrenbnry-with-Frith and Leftwich sessional division and the townships of Bostock, Wybmibnry. Clive, Groxton, Kinderton-cum-Hulme, Middlewich, Htmdred of Northwich,—AUostock, Arclid, Birches, Newton, Bavenscroft, Stanthorne, "Wharton and What­ Blackden, Bostock, BradwaU, Brereton-cum-Smethwick, croft in Northwich sessional division. Buglawton, Byley-cmn-Yatehouse, Church Hulme or No. 6.—^The Altrincham division, comprises the sessional Holmes Chapel, Church Lawton, dive, Congleton, Cotton, divisions of Altrincham and Stockport (except so much Cranage, Groxton, Davenham, Davenport, Eaton, Elton, as is comprised in Nos. 7 and 8 divisions) and so much Goostrey-cum-Barnshaw, Hulme Walfield, Hulse, Ker­ of the borough of Stockport as is in the coimty of mincham, Kinderton-cum-Hulme, Lach Dennis, Leese, Chester. Leftwich, Lostock Gralam, Middlewich, MinshuU Vernon, No. 7.—^The Hyde division, comprises so much of the Mooresbarrow-cum-Parme, Moreton-cmn-Alcumlow, Mos­ municipal borough of Stalybridge as is included in the ton, Moulton, Nether Peover, Newbold Astbury, NewhaU, county of Chester, and the townships of Bosden, Bred­ Newton, Northwich, Occlestone, Odd Bode,Badnor,Bavens- bury, Brinnington (except the part included in the croft, Budheath, Sandbach, Shipbrook, Shurlach, Small- municipal borough of Stockport), Marple, Offerton, wood, Somerford, Sproston, Stanthorne, Stublach, Sutton, BomUey and Torkington in Stockport sessional division. Swettenham, Tetton, Twemlow, Warmingham, Wharton No. 8.—The Knutsford division, comprises the sessional or Winsford, Whatcroft, Wheelock, Wimboldsley and divisions of Bucklow, Daresbury (except so much as is Wotton-cum-Twambrooks. comprised in No. 5 division), Prestbury (except so much Hundred of Wirral (Higher division).—Backford,Blacon- as is comprised in No. 3 division), Leftwich (except so cum-Crabhall or Crabwall, Bromborough, Burton, Capen­ much as is comprised in No. 5 division), so much of hurst, Childer Thornton, Chorlton-by-Backford,Croughton the municipal borough of Warrington as is in the county or Croghton, Eastham, Great Neston.Great SaughaU,Great of Chester, and the townships of Allostock. Blackden, Stanney, Great Sutton, Hooton, Lea, Ledsham, Leighton, Brereton-cum-Smethwick,Byley-cum-Yatehouse,Church Little Neston, Little Saughall, Little Stanney. Little Hulme, Cotton, Cranage, Davenport, Goostrey-cum- Sutton, Mollington Banastre or Little Mollington, Barmshaw, Kermincham, Leese, Mooresbarrow-cum- MoUington Tarrant or Great Mollington, Ness, Nether Parme, Somerford,Somerford Booths,Sproston,Swetten­ Pool, Over Pool, Puddington, Raby, Shotwick, Stanlow, ham and Twemlow in Northwich sessional division, and Stoke, Thornton Hough, Whitby, Willaston and Wood- Disley, TaxaU and Yeardsley-cum-Whaley in Stockport bank. sessional division. Hundred of Wirral (Lower division).—Arrow, Barnston, Under the provisions of the above-mentioned Act the Bidston-cum-Ford, Birkenhead, Brimstage, Caldy, Claugh- borough of Chester lost one member and the represen­ ton-cum-Grange, Frankby, Gayton, Grange, Greasby, tation of Macclesfield was merged into that of the Great Meolse, Heswall-with-Oldfield, Higher Bebington, county, Hoose, Irby, Landican, Liscard, Little Meolse, Lower Bebington, Moreton-cum-Lingham, Newton-cum-Larton, MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT. Noctorum, Oxton, Pensby,Poulton-cum-Seacomb, Poulton- Altrincham division. Sir William John Crossley bart. cum-Spittle, Prenton, Saughall Massey or SaughaU J.P. Glenfield, Altrincham ; Pull Woods, Ambleside, Massie, Storeton, Thingwell or Thingwall, Thurstaston, Westmorland; & Queen Anne's mansions S W & Tranmere, Upton or Overchurch, Wallasey, West Kirby Reform club S W, London and Woodchurch. Crewe division. Bight Hon. James Tomkinson D.L., Chester City.—Holy Trinity, St. Bridget, St. John J.P. WiUington haU, Tarporley; & Brooks's & Baptist, St. Martin, St. Mary-on-the-Hill, St. Michael, National Liberal clubs S W, London St. Olave, St. Oswald, St. Peter and Spittle Boughton. Eddisbury division, Harry Barnston esq. J.P. Crewe These ecile^-iastical parishes now form one . Hill, Farndon, Chester; & Junior Carlton chib S W, London PABLIAMENTARY REPRESENTATION OF Hyde division, Francis Neilson esq. WoUerton. Hodnet, CHESHIRE. Shropshire ; & 13 Moore street, Chelsea, London S W Cheshire formerly returned three members in three divi­ Knutsford division, Alan John Sykes esq. M.A., J.P. sions, but under the provisions of the "Redistribution South view, Cheadle ; & 11 & 12 Park lane W & of Seats Act, 1885," it now returns eight members in Carlton & Junior Carlton clubs S W, London Macclesfield division, Lt.-Col. WiUiam Brocklehurst eight divisions. Brocklehurst J.P. Butley haU, Prestbury. Maccles­ No. I.—The Wirral division comprises the hundred of field ; & National Liberal club, London S W Wirral and the municipal borough of Birkenhead. Northwich division, John Fowler Leece Brunner esq. No. 2.—^The Eddisbury division comprises the sessional J.P. Sandiway house. Hartford. Northwich: & 43 divisions of Broxton, Chester Castle (except so much as HarrinKton gardens S W & Beform & National is comprised in the ), Eddisbury (except Liberal clubs S W, London so much as is comprised in No. 5 division) and Nantwich Wirral Division. Gershnm Stewart esq. ^Yhiteholme, (except so much as is comprised in No. 4 division), the Hoylake. Birkenhead; & Carlton & Conservative municipal borough of Chester, and the townships of clubs S W, London BradwaU, MinshuU Vernon, Moston, Occleston, Sutton Tetton, Warmingham and Wimboldsley in Northwich MILITARY. sessional division. Cheshire is the head quarters of the Western Command, jjo. 3.—The Macclesfield division, comprises the municipal particulars of which will He found at p. 223. boroughs of Congleton and Macclesfield and the town­ The city is also the depot of Regimental district No. 22 ships of Birtles. Bosley, Eaton, Gawsworth, Henbury- (The ), which comprises the 1st & cum-PexeU, North Bode, WUdboarclough and Wmcle 2nd Battalions (22nd Foot), 3rd Special Beserve and so much of the townships of Hurdsfield and Sutton Battalion; the head quarters of the 3rd are at as is not included in the municipal borough of Maccles­ Chester. FuU particulars are given at p. 223 field and the townships of Buglawton, Hulme Walfield, Newbold Astbury and Badnor in Northwich sessional TEBEITOBIAL FORGE. division. No. 4.—The Crewe division, comprises the townships of Cheshire Battalion. Alvaston and Beamheath in Alvaston, Barthomley, Bas­ President, Col. the Duke of Westminster G.C.V.O. i6th ford, Ghorlton, Church CoppenhaU, Crewe, Haslington, Battalion London Regiment (Lord Lieut) Hough, Nantwich, Bope, Shavington-cum-Gresty, Chairman. Lieut.-Col. W. Bromley-Davenport D.S.O., Stapeley, Weston, Willaston, Wistaston, and Wybunbury T.D. Staffs Yeomanrv in the sessional division of Nantwich, Newbold and the Vice-chairman. Col. Sir W. G. Shakerley bart. T.D. townships of Alsager, ArcUd, Betchton, Church Lawton, 7th Battalion Cheshire Eegiment Elton, HassaU, Morton-cum-Alcunolow, Old Bode, Sand­ bach, Smallwood and Wheelock in Northwich sessional Military Members. division, Lieut.-Col. F. J. Bonnalie, ^rd Welsh Brigade E.F.A jjo_ J. The Northwich division, comprises the sessional Col. H. W. K. Bretherton V.D., 4th Battalion Cheshire division of Eimcorn, the townships of Bartington, Dutton Eegiment and Little Leigh in Daresbury sessional division, the Lieut -Col. E. W. Greg, 7th Battalion Cheshire Begt townships of Acton, Over and Weaverham-cum-Milton Col Lord A. H. Grosvenor T.D. Cheshire Yeomanry in Eddisbury sessional division, the townships of Ander­ Gapt A. G. Hamilton, Welsh Border Mounted Brigade ton, Barnton, Castle Northwich, Cogshall, Comberbach, Field Ambulance E.A.M.C. (T.F) Davenham, Eaton, Great Budworth, Hartford, Leftwich. Col H. E. L. Howard C.B. Cheshire (Eailway Batt.) E.E Marburv, Marston, Moulton, Northwich, Wailerscoat, Col J G Johnson.jun.V.D. 6th Battalion Cheshire Eegt CHESHIRE. [KELLY*8

Major J. L. McLean, Welsh Border Mounted Brigade Lancashire & Cheshire Eoyal Garrison Artillery; head Transport & Supply Column A.S. Corps quarters, 19 Low hill, Liverpool Col. A. E. Ommaney C.B Nos. 5 & 6 Companies, Drill haU, Magazine lane. New Col. J. A. Saner V.D. 5th Battalion Cheshire Eegiment Brighton; Major T. H. Arden, commanding; Gapt. Lieut.-Col. H. P. Sykes, Denbighshire Yeomanry A. M. Pooley (No. 5 Co.) & Gapt. C. J. Luya (No. Major H. M. Wilson, Cheshire Yeomanry 6 Co) Representative Members. ENGINEEES. County Council. Welsh Divisional Eoyal Engineers, Cheshire Brigade Co. B. £. B. Brocklebank esq 79a, Harrowby road, Birkenhead; Major B. L. Hutchin­ Lt.-Col. J. W. H. Thorp V.D. late 5th Vol. Battalion son, commanding Cheshire Eegiment Cheshire (Eailway Battalion) Eoyal Engineers; head County Boroughs. quarters & armoury, Wistaston road, Crewe. Staff:— G. Christie-Miller esq. Lieut.-Col. T. J. Smith Lieut.-Col. & Hon. Col. H. E. L. Howard C.B. com- (Stockport) V.D. late ist. Vol. Bat­ manding; Gapt. H. E. Greig E.E. adjutant; Hon. A. M. Eobinson esq. (Bir­ talion North Staffs Eegt. Lieut. P. D. Mich6d, quartermaster ; Gapt. E. Gray kenhead) (Chester) E.A.M.C. (T.F.), medical officer; Eev. W. Bidlake M.A. (T.F.), chaplain Co-opted Members. Companies:—A, Gapt. F. A. Lemon; B, Gapt. E. Lieut.-Col. W. Bromley- W. H. HoUis esq Davenport; C, Gapt. J. A. Bowes; D, Gapt. & Hon. Davenport D.S.O., T.D. H. Martin esq Major J. N. Jackson V.D.; E, Gapt. & Hon. Major J. Staffs Yeomanry (chair­ Col. Sir W. G. Shalcerley W. Beaumont & F, Gapt. W. F. Black, Wistaston man) bart. T.D. 7th Battalion road, Crewe B. Brunner esq Cheshire Eegt. (vice- C. J. E. Cooke esq chaii-man) INFANTEY. Secretary, Col. E. Thompson, late E.E. County Associa­ CHESHIEE BEIGADE. tion Offices, Chester Head quarters, 22 Percy road, Chester. Units Administered by the Association. Brigade Commander, Col. A. E. Ommaney C.B Yeomanry. Brigade-Major, Gapt. E. B. Barker Cheshire Brigade Signalling Officer, Gapt. T. N. FenneU Denbighshire (1 Squadron) The Brigade is composed of the four foUowing bat­ Eoyal Artillery. talions :— 3rd Welsh Brigade Eoyal Field ArtUlery 4th Battalion Cheshire Eegiment; head quarters, 1st & 2nd Cheshire Batteries Grange road west, Oxton, Birkenhead. Staff:— 3rd Welsh Ammunition Column Lieut.-Col. & Hon. Col. H. W. K. Bretherton V.D. Lancashire & Cheshire Eoyal Garrison Artillery commanding; Hon. Lieut.-Col. M. C. Ellis V.D. & A. B. Hopps, majors; Gapt. T. A. Prentice, instructor (2 Companies). of musketry; Capt. H. E. P. Thomas, adjutant; Eoyal Engineers. , quartermaster; Major Cheshire (Eailwav Battalion) C. T. Green E.A.M.C. (T.F.). Surg.-Capt. J. B. Cheshire Field Co Yeoman M.D. & Capt. A. B. Wilson M.D., E.A.M.C. Infantry. (T.F.), medical officers Companies:—A, Gapt. J. H. E. Evans; B, Gapt. E. 4th, 5th, 6th & 7th Battalions Cheshire Eegiment Marquis; G, Capt. J. A. Pemberton; D, Capt. W. Army Service Corps. H. Marquis, Grange road west, Oxton. Birkenhead; Welsh Border Mounted Brigade Transport & Supply Colunan E, Capt. A. M. Beckett, Tranmere; F, Capt. P. T. Cheshire Brigade Go Wessel & G, Capt. T. A. Prentice, Union road, Lis­ card & H, Capt. J. W. Newton, HeswaU Eoyal Army Medical Corps. 5th Battalion ('s) Cheshire Eegiment; Welsh Border Mounted Brigade Field Ambulance head quarters, 8 Blackfriars, Chester. Staff:—Lieut.- Col. & Hon. Col. J. A. Saner V.D. commanding; YEOMANEY. J. E. G. Groves T.D. & G. F. Ashton, majors; Cheshire (Earl of Chester's); head quarters, 9 Old Second Lieut. C. A. Price, instructor of musketry; Bank buUdings, Foregate street, Chester. Staff: — Capt. F. B. Young, adjutant; Hon. Major T. A. Lieut.-Col. Lord A. H. Grosvenor T.D. commanding ; Jones V.D. quartermaster Hon. Lieut.-Col. G. Wyndham M.P., T.D. major, Companies:—A, Capt. Humphrey Watts, Ashley road, second in command; Gapt. A. F. Fletcher (17th Hale; B, Capt. W. A. V. Churton; Eev. F. Edwards Hussars), adjutant; Hon. Major George Cooper, M.A. (T.F.), chaplain, 8 Blackfriars, Chester, & quartermaster; Lieut. J. E. Phillips E.A.M.C. (T.F.) Section at Knutsford, Capt. F. L. FenneU ; C, Capt. & Lieut. P. L. Armstrong M.B., E.A.M.C. (T.F.), Humphrey Watts; Eev. C. C. Atkinson M.A., D.D. medical officers; Vet.-Lieut. F. G. Edwards, veteri­ (T.F.), chaplain, two Sections at Sale; D, Capt. & nary officer; Eev. C. H. Prodgers (T.F.), chaplain; Hon. Major F. O. Evans V.D. & Hartford; E, Capt. J. Lamb, regimental sergt.-major C. E. Bromley, 8 Blackfriars, Chester, with one Squadrons:—A, Major & Hon. Lieut.-Col. E. W. D. Section at Booth Hill, Lymm; F, Lieut. H. W. PhiUips-Brocklehurst T.D. commanding; Gapt. M. Guest, Frodsham; G, Lieut. B. E. WeissmiiUer, Egerton, second in command, Knutsford; B, Major Greenway road, Buncorn & H, Capt. J. P. Jackson, the Duke of Westminster, commanding; Major & Hartford Hon. Lieut.-Col. W. 8. W. Badcliffe, second in com­ 6th Battalion Cheshire Eegiment; head quarters. The mand, Eaton; C, Major H. M. Wilson, commanding; Armoury, Shaw Heath, Stockport. Staff:—Lieut.- Gapt. E. N. H. Verdin, second in command, North­ Col. & Hon. Col. J. G. Johnson, jun. V.D. command­ wich ; D, Gapt. A. M. E. Legh, commanding, Mac­ ing; Hon. Lieut.-Col. E. E. McClure V.D. & G. H. clesfield Leah, majors; Lieut. B. Bostron, instructor of Denbighshire Hussars; head quarters, Denbigh ; D musketry; Capt. H. S. Bogers, adjutant; Hon. Capt. Squadron, Major & Hon. Lieut.-Col. W. W. Cordeaux, J. Bawlinson, quartermaster commanding; Major D. A. C. Cockburn, second in Companies:—A, Capt. F. A. Leah; B, Capt. G. Bow- command, 24 Clifton road, Tranmere bottom; Capt. E. E. McCarthy M.B., E.A.M.C AETILLEEY. (T.F.) medical officer; Eev. J. G. Bird (T.F.), chap­ 3rd Welsh Brigade Royal Field Artillery ; head quarters, lain, Walmsley street, Stalybridge; G. Capt. R. H. Shipgate street, Chester. Staff:—Lieut.-Col. F. J. Brady; D, Capt. F. Eivett; E, Capt. W. Chaloner & Bonnalie, commanding; Gapt. C. C. Barnes B.A. F. Capt. H. Hesse; Bev. J. H. Thorpe M.A., B.D. adjutant; Lieut.-Col. G. Hollies M.D., V.D., E.A.M.C. (T.F.), chaplain. The Armoury. Shaw Heath, Stock­ (T.F.), medical officer; Eev. J. H. Toogood M.A. port ; G, Capt. E. E. Dowson & H, Glossop, Derbyshire (T.F.), chaplain 7th Battalion Cheshire Eegiment; head quarters. The 1st Cheshire Battery, Shipgate street, Chester ; Major DriU Hall, Albert street, Congleton. Staff:—Lieut.- V. H. Dickson, commanding Col. E, W. Greg V.D. commanding; H. Backhouse 2nd Cheshire Battery, Gapt. A. T. PoweU, commanding & , majors; Capt. 3rd Welsh Ammunition Column, Shipgate street, E. L. Boddy, adjutant; Hon. Lieut. A. T. NeweU, Chester; Gapt. Quartermaster W. T. Wliitley, com­ quartermaster; Lieut.-Col. C. Averill M.D., V.D., manding E.A.M.C. (T.F.), medical officer DIRECTORY.] CHESHIRE.

Companies:—A, Capt. W. P. Beade & B, Capt. G. H. 1895, and contains 12 beds. A new wing for 50 male Swindells, The DriU HaU, Albert street, Congleton; epUeptics and a nurses' home, for upwards of 30 nurses, C, Capt. G. N, Heath, Bridge street, Macclesfield; were added in 1902. A new infirmary annexe, erected D, Capt. J. K. Cooke, Bridge street, Macclesfield & at a total cost of j^85,97i, was opened July 19, 1905; it Drill HaU, Winsford; F, Capt. W. M. Ford, Bridge is bmlt on the east side of the main building and will street, Macclesfield; F, Capt. T. V. C. Thistlethwaite, hold 220 additional patients. Two new detached blocks Church lane, Nantwich; G, Capt. H. L. Moir, Crewe for 43 patients of each sex are now (1910) nearly com­ road, Sandbach & H, Capt. W. M. Ford, Church st. pleted and a third block for 79 private patients of both Wilmslow & Lewin street, Middlewich sexes is also in course of erection. The asylum is ist Cadet Battalion Cheshire Eegiment, Northenden, supported by the union rates, and is at present (1910) Major E. Angus Humphreys, commanding; Hon. available for about 1,026 patients: there are also a few Lieut. F. Southern, quartermaster; Bev. F. c! Lowry private patients; the yearly average is 522 males and HamUton B.A. acting chaplain 548 females. Thomas Steele Sheldon M.B.Lond., Companies:—A & B, Capt. Percy Bean, King street M.B.C.S.Eng. medical superintendent; John Cunning­ east, Stockport; C, Lieut. & Acting Gapt. E. C. W. ham McConaghey M.D. and Ch.B.Edin. first assistant Parsons, Cheadle & D, Capt. W. F. McCann,Wilmslow medical officer; H. Dove Cormac M.B., M.S. (Madras), second assistant medical officer; George Gray Parkin CADET COEPS. M.B., Ch.B.Vict. third assistant medical officer; Beginald Rowland, treasurer; A. C. Procter, clerk to Mostyn House School, Parkgate, Chester, A. G. Gren- visitors; John WiUiam Lees, clerk and storekeeper; fell, hon. captain Mrs. Sarah Ann MUlington, housekeeper. The Asylum Church, erected at a cost of about ;^3,ooo, from designs St. Aidan's Theological College, Birkenhead, Forest by the same architect, is a building of stone in the road, Claughton, erected in 1856 on a site of about 7 Early English style, consisting of chancel, nave, tran­ acres, purchased from the Birkenhead Commissioners septs, organ chamber and vestry, and a western turret for ;^9.325, is a large and handsome structure of brick, containing 2 smaU bells; the church has 400 sittings: standing on a raised terrace, in the Tudor style, from the Eev. Harold Norman Lowndes M.A. of St. John's designs by Mr. Wyatt, of London, and the late Mr. CoUege, Oxford, has been chaplain since 1908. Henry Cole, of Birkenhead, architects, and includes a chapel, erected in 1882 at a cost of ;^3,5oo, from the His Majesty's Prison, at Knutsford, is an extensive designs of Mr. David Walker, architect, of Liverpool; structure of brick; there are ceUs for 606 males and this is of brick and stone, in the Decorated style, and 112 females. Major J. O. Nelson, governor; Bev. consists of chancel, nave and a small western tower con­ Arthur John Heard Eoulby M.A. chaplain; Bev. Albert taining one beU: the stained east window is a memorial Morrissy, Catholic chaplain; Theodore FenneU M.B.C.S. to Eichard Bryars J.P. d. 1884; there are 250 sittings; Eng. surgeon; Miss Elizabeth Flew, matron the chapel is open to the public and there are week­ day and Sunday services during term time. The COAL MINES, METALLIFEEOUS MINES & object of this coUege is to train candidates for holy QUAEEIES ACT. orders in the in parochial duties, No. 7 Liverpool & North Wales District, as well as to afford sound theological instruction. The college is available for 50 students; the view from the Inspector, Henry Hall I.S.O. Eainhill, Lanes building presents a beautiful panorama of sea and land­ Assistant Inspectors, D. H. F, Mathews, Hoole, Chester scape, including Birkenhead park, the Wallasey penin­ & 0. E. Jones, 5 Spring gardens, Chester sula, and the entrances to the port of Liverpool. Eev. Arthur Tait M.A. principal; Eev. WUliam L. Walter CHAMBEES OF AGEICULTUEE & FABMEES' CLUBS M.A. vice-principal. • IN ASSOCIATION. Cheshire, Charles B. Davies, Eardswick haU, Middle­ The Cheshire Lunatic Asylum, on an eminence near wich, sec the Liverpool road, near Chester, and erected in 1829 at Cheshire Milk-Producers' Association, James Sadler, a total cost, up to 1895, of ^^123,749, is a structure Crewe Gates farm, , Crewe, sec of brick with stone facings, three storeys in height, Chester Farmers' Club, Eichard S. Linnell, 6 Newgate with a central administrative block of four storeys and street, Chester, sec two wings; there are also buUdings used as shops for Wirral Farmers' Club, Harry C. Nield, 9 MeUor road, carpenters, engineers, tailors, shoe makers and uphol­ Tranmere, Birkenhead, sec sterers, bakehouses and other useful purposes, good airing grounds, and, close by, a farm of about 120 acres. There is a chapel with a tower containing a clock with CHAMBEES OF COMMEEGE. chimes, built in 1856, and affording 250 sittings, and a Macclesfield, Robert Brown, sec. Town hall, Macclesfield residence for the superintendent. Extensive additions, Northwich, H. J. Falk esq. president; Thomas Moore, including a large administrative block for the whole sec. Baron's quay, Northwich asylum, were made during the period 1896-8, so as to provide for 404 additional patients, at a cost of over FAIES & MAEKETS. ^£"90,000; further extensions to provide 400 pauper and 100 private patients, with a nurses' home : other addi­ Altrincham, market day, tuesday tions are about to be carried out (1910) at a cost of Audlem, a wake in October; market day, thursday over ;^ioo,ooo. At the end of the year 1901 the Beeston, Bunbury, cattle fair on monday every week asylum contained 982 patients, viz.: 455 males and 527 Birkenhead, market days, tuesday & friday females, and a staff of 116 nurses and attendants, but Cheadle, wakes, first sunday after September 18 there is room for 1,035 patients. Galbraith HamUton Chester,cheese fairs are held the third Wednesday in each GryUs M.B. and Ch.E.U.I medical superintendent; month. There are also fairs every month for horses, Patrick WiUiam Power L.B.C.P. & S. & L.M.Irel. & usually held on thursday; market days, Wednesday & David James Jackson B.A., M.B., B.Ch.B.U.I. assistant Saturday; weekly market for horned cattle, sheep & medical officers; J. B. Thomson, Parr's Bank, Chester, pigs on thursday treasurer; Eev. Lancelot Groaisdale Agnew Edgeworth Congleton, fairs on May 12, for pleasure, horses & B.A. chaplain; Eev. Seraphim HounibaU, Catholic cattle & November 22, for horses & cattle; market chaplain; Alexander Hornby, clerk to the asylum and day, Saturday committee of visitors. Crewe, market days, monday, friday & Saturday; cattle market every monday The Park Side County Lunatic Asylum, about a mile Frodsham, fairs on last tuesday in AprU & last thurs­ from Macclesfield, on the Chester road, wae erected in day in October 1S58-71, at a cost of about ^^150,000 and is a structure of Hyde, May 16 & November 15; wakes, first Saturday red brick in the Italian style, from designs hy the late after September 5; market day, Saturday Mr. Griffith, architect, of Stafford ; it is in two divisions, Knutsford, fairs on April 23, for horses, cattle, sheep Jc for males and females respectively, each division having pigs, "Whit-tuesday & November 8, for horses & cattle ; its own infirmary and separate department for difficult market day, Saturday cases; the superintendent's house occupies the centre of Lymm, fairs on AprU 3 & November 5 the building ; the recreation and dining haU and offices Macclesfield, fairs on third tuesday in February, March adjoin the clock tower, which, on the north side, forms 6, May 6, June 22, July 11, August 12, October 4, the principal entrance; there are also workshops for the November 11 & December 23; market days, tuesday pursuit of various trades, a laundry and washhouse, and & Saturday attached is a farm of about 100 acres. A wing for 96 Mottram, April 27 & October 31 female epileptic patients was added in 1891 at a cost of Nantwich, fairs on first thursday in April, June, Sept. about jQjtOoo. A new and isolated hospital for infectious j & December; cheese fair first thursday in each month, cases, erected at a cost of ^^3,000, was opened in July except January; market day, Saturday CHESHIRE. [KELLY'S

Northwich, fairs on April lo, August 2 ; market day, fri Stalybridge, fairs on the last monday in each month; Over, fairs on first Wednesday after May 12 & first Wed­ annual prize fair first Saturday in September; wakes, nesday after September 20 first Sunday after July 17; market day, Saturday Prestbury, fairs on April 28 & October 22 for cattle Stockport, fairs on January 1, first friday in February, Buncorn, fairs on first monday in November; for March 4 & 25, May i, first friday in June, August, pleasure, Whit-monday; market day, Saturday September & December, July 9 & October 23 ; market Sale, market for butter, eggs, vegetables &c. on thurs­ days, friday & Saturday day & Saturday Sutton. Macclesfield, fairs on April 4 & September 4 Sandbach, fairs on Easter tuesday, first thursday after Tarporley, fairs on May i, August 1, first monday after September 11 & December 28, the latter a cattle & August 24, & December 11, for cattle & pedlery pleasure fair & also for hiring servants; market Wilmslow, fairs on third monday in April & third mon­ days, thursday & Saturday day in October; open market every thursday

The following table shows the acreage under each kind of crop, and the number of horses, cattle, sheep and pigs in Cheshire, as taken from the Agricultural Returns for 1909 :—

LIVE STOCK.

Wheat 16,384 Horses for agriculture and brood mares 20,681 Barley or here 1,022 Unbroken horses, one j'ear and above.... 4.951 Oats 62,214 ,, ,, under i year 1,814 Rye 2,323 Cows and heifers: — Beans 273 In milk 103.843 Peas 233 In calf but not in milk 12,723 Potatoes 22,887 Other cattle, two years and above 10,304 Turnips and swedes 9.847 ., ,, one year and under two ... 27,306 Mangold 5.423 ,, „ under one year 30,579 Cabbage 1,207 Ewes kept for breeding 43.049 Small fruit :— Sheep, one j^ear and above 52,362 Strawberries 573 ,, under one year 49,650 Currants and gooseberries 243 Sows kept for breeding 7,127 Others, including mixed areas 495 Other pigs 65.075 Orchards:— Apples 989 Pears 262 Others, including mixed areas 624 Other crops 1,486 Clover, sainfoin and grasses :— For hay 58,723 Not for hay 15,521 Permanent pasture:— For hay 89,273 Not for hay 245.704 Woods and plantations 24,665

Agricultural holdings:— Above 1 and not exceeding 5 acres 3,040 Above 5 and not exceeding 50 acres 5,564 Above 50 and not exceeding 300 acres 3.335 Above 300 acres 78 12,017 Total acreage of the county 657,825 Rateable value ;^5,538,i54 DIBECTOKY.] CHESHIRE.

CHESHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL Local Government Act i 888, 51 & 52 Vict, c, 41, Under the above Act, Cheshire (except the County Boroughs The coroners for the county are elected by the County of Birkenhead, Chester and Stockport) is a separate and CouncU, and the clerk of the peace appointed by such distinct administrative county (sec. 46-li), governed by a joint committee, and may be removed by them (sec. 83-2). County Council, consisting of chairman, 19 aldermen and 6i counciUore, The clerk of the peace for the county is also the clerk of the The Chairman, by virtue of his office, is a justice of the County Council (sec. 83-1). peace for the county, without qualification (sec. 46). The administrative business of the county (which would, if The police for the county is under the control of a standing this Act had not been passed, have been transacted by the joint committee of the Quarter Sessions and the County justices) is now transacted by the County Council. Council, appointed as therein mentioned (sec. 9).

Meet at Chester Castle. Chairman, Col. George Dixon J.P. Astle .hall, Chelford, Crewe. Vice-C hairman, William Hodgson, HehnsvUle, Crewe.

ALDEBMEN. Retire in 1913. Retire in 1916. Barlow Frank J.P. Woodville, Marple, Stockport Barlow Sir Frank Emmott bart. MP. Torkington lodge, Booth Charles Henry J.P. The Lakes, Dukinfield Stockport Dixon Col. George J.P. Astle haU, Chelford BuUey Thomas Baffles J.P. Breck Hey, Mount Pleasant Evans Jn. Jas. J.P. Brackenwood, Bebington, Birkenhead road, Liscard Norman Alfred Robert J.P. Heath house, Buncorn Cheetham John Frederick J.P. Eastwood, Staljhridge Parr Joseph Charlton J.P. Grappenhall Heves,Warmgtn France-Hayhurst Col. Charles Hosken J.P. Bostock haU, Thorp Col. John Walter Hook J.P. Pear' Tree house, Middlewich Macclesfield Hewitt David Basil J.P. Grove mount, Davenham Verdin Sir Joseph bart. D.L., J.P. Garnstone castle, Hodgson William, Helmsville, Ciewe Weobley, Herefordshire McCracken William, Englesea house, Crewe Wright Albert Tomlinson, Tyn-y-Ehos, nr.Chirk,Euabon Wall George J.P. Heatherdene, West Kirby Whiston "William, Langley, near Maccleslield WUbraham Hugh Edward J.P. Delamere ho. Northwich

COUNCILLORS, Electoral Division. Names & Addresses. Electoral Division. Names & Addresses. Alderley Ernest Gerard Leycester J.P. Mobberley Hyde:— Old hall, Knutsford Newton Ward.... Walter Newton, Lodge la. Newton,Hyde Altrincham William Agar Renshaw ,T.P, 16 Old Werneth Ward... Rev. John Alaric Davys, .st George's Market place, Altrincham vicarage, H3'de Appleton Roger Charlton Parr B.A. , J.P. Grappen-1 Knutsford , Lt.-Col. Hubert Cornwall Legh J.P. hall Heyes, Warrington High Legh hall, Knutsford Astbury George Barrington Baker-Wilbraham Lymm SI. Walter Gould J.P. Foxley hall,Lymm M.A., J.p. Rode hall. Scholar Green, Macclesfield: Stoke-on-Trent Division i Wm. Smale, Chester road, Macclesfield Audlem Simon Gleave,Dodcott-cum-\Nilkesley, Division 2 John Charles Close-Brooks, West Bank, near Whitchurch. Salop Upton, Macclesfield Bebington Goard Squarey Pain, 2 Townfield lane. Division 3 Walter Brown, Upton lodge, Upton, Lower Bebington Macclesfield BoUington Francis Fredk. Grafton, Barley grange, Division 4 William Brocklehurst Brocklehurst BoUington, near Macclesfield M.P., J.P. Butley hall, MacL-Iesfield Bowdon Joseph Watson Sidebotham, Langham Malpas Isaac AUenBrown,Ridley hall,Tarporley road, Bowdon Marple James Thomas Pott, Market street, Bramhall John Bateman, Greystead, BramhaU Marple, Stockport iane, Bramhall, Stockport ] Middlewich. George Garfit, Stanthorne hil!, Mid­ Bredbury John Wild, Bredbury house, Bredbury, dlewich Stockport Mottram - in -Long­ Cheadle W^illiam Haslam Cross, Milton cottage, dendale Rev. Will'am Alfred Pemberton, The 43 Gatlej' rd. Etchells-in-Stockport Vicarage, Mottram-in-Longdendale Chester Castle Thomas Gibbons Frost, Mollington haU, j Nantwich ... Charles Edward Davenport J.P. Ingle- Chester 1 wood, Park road, Nantwich Church Coppenhall Richard Nnrman Harrison Verdin J.P. Neston Ralph Eric Royds Brocklebank J.P. Stoke manor, Nantwich I Poulton Royd, Bebington Congleton Sir John Geoffrey Shakerley bart. J.P, | Northwich .. Roscae Brunner J.P. Belmont hall, Great Somerford park, Congleton ! Budworth, Northwich Crewe:— Runcorn :— Central Ward ... Rev. Walter Bidlake, Christ Church! North Joseph Stokes, Rocksavage grange, vicarage, Wellington square, Crewe Glifton, Runcorn North Ward Charles Herbert Pedley J.P. West­ South James Pritchard J.P. The Elms, Higher minster buildings, MiU street, Crewe Runcorn, Runcorn South Ward William McNiell J.P. 8 Herdman street, Sale. John Morley J.P. Moor Lea, Derbyshire Crewe road. Sale Westward Charles Wilson J.P. I Delamere street Sandbach Rev, John Richard Armitstead, The west, Crewe ^•ical•age, Betchton, Sandbach Daresbury Robert Harold Posnett J.P. The Mount, Stalybridge:— Runcorn Division i .... Col. A. Sidebottom V.D., J.P. Heyrod Davenham

MAGISTRATES FOR THE COUISTTT liOBD LIEUTENANT AND GUSTOS ROTULORUM, HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF WESTMINSTER, Eaton hall, Chester ; & 33 Upper Grosvenor street, London W. VICE-LIEUTENANT, LORD EGERTON OF TATTON, Tatton park, Knutsford ; & 9 Seamore place, Mayfair, London W. CHAIRMAN OF QUARTER SESSIONS, SIR HORATIO LLOYD B.A. 8 Stanley place, Chester. Marked tbus t s^re also Deputy Lieutenants. Agnew Charles Swain esq. Davenham lodge, Northwich Bradbury His Honor Judge James Kinder M.A. Parkfield, • Agnew Ernest esq. The Moss, Great Warford, Knutsford Altrincham Aldersey Hugh esq. B.A. Aldersey hall, Chester Bradwell Chas. Dennis esq. Higher Daisy bank, Gongletn Allen Bulkeley esq. West Lynn, Dunham road,Altrincham Bratt Henry esq. Woodlands, Hartford, Northwich Allen Russell esq. Davenham ball, Northwich Bratt WUliam Miles esq. Eoseland, Chester rd.Northwch Anson Bear-Admiral Algernon Horatio Brierley Thomas Booth esq. Laburnum house, Tatten­ Antrobus Lieut.-Col. John Coutts, Eaton hall, Congleton hall, Chester Arden-Baillie-Hamilton Capt. the Hon. Henry Eobert, tBrocklebank Ealph esq. Haughton haU, Tarporley Ardeme haU, Tarporley Brocklebank Ealph Eric Eoyds esq. Poulton Eoyde, Armitage George Faulkner esq. Stamford, Church st. Bebington, Birkenhead Altrincham tBrocklebank Thomas esq. Wateringbury pi. Maidstone Armitage Ziba esq. Newton bank, Preston Brook, near Brocklehurst WUliam Brocklehurst esq. B.A., M.P. But­ Warrington ley haU, Prestbury, Macclesfield Ai-mitstead Bev. John Hornby M.A. The Vicarage,Holmes fBromley-Davenport Lt.-Col. William D.S.O. Gapes­ Chapel thorne hall, Crewe Arnold John esq. Belmont, Timperley, Altrincham fBrooke Sir Eichard Marcus bart. Norton priory, Hal­ Ashton Alfred esq. Forest hill. Forest road, Tarporley ton, Buncorn Ashton Edmund esq Brooks Hon. Marshall Jones M.A. Portal, Tarporley Ashton Thomas Gair esq. M.P. Flowery Field, Hyde; & Uroughton Sir Delves Louis bart.Doddington hl.Nantwch 39 Princes gardens, London S W Brown Isaac Allen esq. Eidley hall, Tarporley Ashworth Alfd. esq. Horsley hall, Gre8ford,Denbighshire Brown His Honor Judge Beginald K.C., LL.B. 131 Vic­ Ashworth Francis esq. The Mount, Legh rd. Knutsford toria street, London S W Aspland Arth. Brook esq. Whitegates, Gee Cross, Hyde Brownson George esq. Burnside, Osborne road, Hyde Atkinson James esq. V.D. Mirion house, Crewe Brunner John Fowler Leece esq. M.P. Sandiway house, Avifion James esq. 13 King street, Dukinfield Northwich ; & 43 Harrington gardens, London S W Baker-Wilbraham George Barrington esq. M.A. Bode Brunner Boscoe esq. B.A. Belmont hall, Northwich haU, Stoke-on-Trent BuUey Thomas Baffles esq. Breck Hey, Mount Pleasant Bancroft James esq. Town lane, Dukinfield road, Liscard, Birkenhead Bancroft John esq Bullock William Douglas esq. Toolerstone, Sandiway, Bancroft William esq. Darnhall, Winsford Northwich Barber Jn. esq. Bengairn, Grove road, Wallasey, B'head Burder Henry Charles esq. The Elms, Acton grange, fBarbour George esq. M.A. Bolesworth castle, Tatten­ Warrington hall, Chester Burgess George esq. Beaconhurst, Netherton, Warringtn Barbour Eobert esq. MA. Bankhead, Broxton, Chester Callender Arthur Wm. esq. Ashfield, Lymm,Warrington Barlow Frank esq. WoodviUe, Marple, Stockport Carlisle Charles Stewart esq. Brookside, Alderley Edge, Barlow Sir John Emmott bart. M.P. Torkington lodge, Manchester near Stockport Carr John Lindley esq. Broad Oaks, Washway road. Sale Barlow Wm. Wycliffe esq. M.A. Pitt manor.nr.Winchstr Garrington Wm. Edv-d. esq. 8 Adswood lane we. Stockpt Barnston Harry esq. M.P. CreAve Hill, Farndon, Chester Carroll WiUiam esq. Brookfield, Moughland rd. Buncorn Barrymore Lord P.C. Fota, Queenstown, Ireland ; & 20 Cartwright Eichard William esq. Park farm, Tarporley Hill street, London W road, Whitchurch, Salop Baskervyle-Glegg John esq. Wistaston hall, Nantwich Carver Ernest esq. Poise house. Hazel Grove, Stockport Battersby William John esq. Strathclyde, Stockport Carver Frederick William esq. Oakhurst, Bexton.Knutsfrd Baxter Thomas esq. The Bock, HiU Cliff, nr.Warrington Carver WUliam Oswald esq. Cranage hall. Holmes Bayley James esq. "Willaston hall, Nantwich Chapel, Grewe Bayley-Worthington Gibbon esq. Town Thorns, Eucby Catto James Kennedy esq. Willaston ho. nr. Chester Bazley .Sir Thomas Sebastian bart. ELilmorie, Ilsham Cawley Hugh esq. Adderbury house, Banbury drive, Torquay Charlton Alfred esq. Bed hall. Hale, Altrincham Bell Alfred esq. Bramhall lodge, Stockport Charlton Henry esq. Tytherington hall. Macclesfield BeU Charles esq. Norley haU, Frodsham, Warrington Cheetham .Tohn Fredk. esq. B.A. Eastwood, Stalybridge BeU Henry esq. Greenfield, Grange lane. West Kirby Clanahan Hugh Gumming esq. The Wood, Park drive. tBeU Henry esq. Heathfield, Stockport Hale, Altrincham Bell William esq. Butland house, St. George's mount. Clarke John esq. i Cross street, Ashton-upon-Mersey New Brighton, Birkenhead Clarke Thomas esq. Leahurst, Carlisle rd. Eastbourne Bellyse Edwia Beginald esq. M.A. Oakfield, Stapeley, Clegg Alfred Rowland esq. Handforth house, Handforth, Nantwich Manchester Bennett Samuel Armytage esq. Burnside, Byley's lane, Olegg Neville esq. Oldfield Brow, Dunham Massey, Alderley Edge, Manchester Altrincham Benton Charles Henry esq. The Terrace, Knutsford Close-Brooks John Brooks esq.Birtles hall,Chelford,Grewe Bingham Wm. esq. Lingdale ho, Lingdale rd.Birkenhead Cocks John esq. Brookside, Eomiley. Stockport Birchenough John Henry esq. C.M.G. 79 Eccleston Comber George esq. Bowley Brow, Knutsford square, London S W Gongreve Hubert esq. South bank, Moore, Warrington Birchenough WiUiam Taylor esq. Gawsworth haU, near Cooke Edmund esq. Bankfield. Mottram road, Hyde Macclesfield Cooke George, Kingscroft. TattenhaU, Chester Birley Hugh Arthur esq. Woodside, Knutsford Cooke Joseph esq. Thorncliffe house, Dukinfield Doddington Henry esq Cotton Col. The Hon. Eichard Southwell George Staple- Boosey WiUiam esq. Brookfield, Middlewich ton-, Carlton club, London S W Booth Charles Henry esq. The Lakes. Dukinfield tCotton-JodreU Col. Edward Thomas Davenant CB. Boston Francis esq. Halton grange, Buncorn Beasehea*h hall. Nantwich Bottomley James esq. The Glent, Stalybridge Cbulson WUliam Lisle Blenkinsopp esq. Newbrough pk. Boyd Alexander Charles esq. 51 Pont st. London SW Fourstones, Northumb Court WiUiam Boylance esq. Manor house, Middlewich 12 CHESHIRE. [KELL'i '{J Cox Eustace Richardson esq. South WraxaU manor, France-Hayhurst WilUam Hosken esq. Bostock hall, Bradford-on-Avon, WUts Middlewich Cox Joseph Peter esq. Ty Gwyn, Knutsford Frith James Mason esq. Linden lodge, Euncorn Craig William Young esq. Eichmond house, Grosvenor Froggatt David esq. 12 Gatefield street, Crewe Toad, Frost Francis Aylmer esq. Grappenhall haU, nr.Warringtn Craigmile Alex. esq. M.A.,M.D. Cluny,Penkett rd.Liscrd Frost James Garrett esq. Boughton hall, Chester Frost John Meadows esq. Upton Lawn, Chester Cresswell Arthur Mann esq. Hightield, Church lane, Gaddum Hy. Edwin e«q. The Priory, Bowdon.Altrnchm Marple, Stockport Gair John Hamilton esq. Little Hey, Dibbensdale,Brom- Crewdson Theodore esq. The Spurs, Wood end, Styal, Handforth, Manchester borough, Birkenhead Crosfield Ernest Morland esq. Cossington house,Cossing- GaUoway Edward Napier esq . ton, Bridgwater Galloway Henrv esq. The Shiel, Hale, Altrincham Crosfield Joseph John esq. Netherdale, Frodsham Garfit George esq. Stanthorne hiU, Middlewich Cross Viscount G.C.B., G.C.S.L, P.C., F.R.S. Eccleriggs, Garforth WiUiam Edward esq. M.Inst.C.E., F.G.S. Sny- Broughton-in-Furness; & 12 Warwick sq. London S W dale hall, Normanton Cross Hon. John Edward,West hall,High Legh,Knutsfrd Gartside John Edmund esq. Moorlands, Stalybridge Gartside-Tipping Lieut.-Col. Eobert Francis C.B. Daveii- Crossley Sir WUliam John bart. M.P. Glenfield, Altrincham; & Queen Anne's mansions, London S W port hall, Congleton .,•,1 x-j Crow Geo. Busk esq. Stoneleigh, Highfield South, Rock Gillies Andrew Archer esq. Mar lodge, Alderley Edge, Ferry, Birkenhead Gladstone Henry NeviUe esq. Burton Manor, Chester 'Crum William Graham esq. Thornleigh bank, Glasgow Godson Alfred M.A., M.B. Cheadle ho. High st. Cheadle dryer John esq. Ashton-under-Lyne : GoUand Alfred esq. 18 Church street, Altrincham Cunliffe Peter Gibson esq. Dunedin, Handforth, M'chstf Goodson Alfred Lassam esq. Norbury Booths, Knutsford Daintry George Percival esq. Oaklands, North Roda, Gould Samuel Walker esq. Foxley haU,Lymm,Wairngtn Congleton 1 Grace John esq. Whitbv haU, Chester Dakin George esq. Arlington house, Latchford Withoutj, Grafton John Hunt esq. Overdale, Dunham Massey, Warrington ; Darbyshire Alfred esq. Woodgrange, Disley, Stockport! Altrincham Davenport Charles Edward esq. Inglewood, Park road,, Graveson Michael Tyson esq. 41 Dunraven road. West Nantwich Kirby, Birkenhead Davenport Thomas esq. Oak house, Northenden fGreenall Sir Gilbert bart. Walton hall, Warrington Davenport-Handley John William Handley esq. Clipsham Greening Linnaeus esq. Fairlight,GrappenhaU,Warrngtn haU, Oakham, Rutland Greenwell George Clementson esq. Beechfield, Poynton, Davies Charles Brereton esq. Eardswick haU, Minshull Stockport Vernon, Middlewich j Greg Ernest WiUiam esq. Norcliffe haU, Styal, Hand- Davies Geo. Eeynolds esq. Forest hill, Hartford.Nrthwcb forth, Manchester Deacon Stuart esq. Gorse cliff.Warren drive,New Brgbtiji Greg Henry PhUips esq. Oak Brow, Handforth,M'chester Deakin John Wm. esq. Braeside, Chester rd. Northwich Greg Capt. Robert Alexander, Quarry bank. Hand- De Knoop Jn. Julius Jersey esq. Calveley hall,Tarporley forth, Manchester Delamere Lord, Carlton club, London S W Griffith Capt. Edward Wynne, Tiresford, Tarporley Dewhurst Gerard Powys esq. Oughtrington park, Lymm, Griffith Edward Waldegrave esq. Tiresford, Tarporley Warrington Grimke-Drayton Theodore Drayton esq. Clifford manor, Dewhurst Harry esq. Dale Fords, Sandiway, Northwich Newent, Glo'stersh Dewhurst William Arthur esq. Brook house,Warringtoh Grindley WUliam Harry esq. Parkfields, Tittensor, Dixon Edward Wilbraham esq. Bowmere, Tarporley Stoke-on-Trent +Dixon Lt.-Ool. George, Astle hall, Chelford, Crewe tGrosvenor Lord Arthur Hugh T.D. Broxton Lower Donnell Joseph esq. Park hill, Disley, Stockport hall, Chester Duckworth Joseph B. esq. The Heys, Eastham, Birknhd +Groves James Grimble esq. Bank hall, Chapel-en-le- Dudson James Thomas esq.Ivy ho.Alsager.Stoke-on-Trnt Frith, Derbyshire Dunkerley Frank Brookhouse esq. Graythwaite, Hale, Groves John Edward Grimble esq. , Lymm, Altrincham Warrington Dunn John Eobertson esq. The Cliff, Wellington road. Grundy William esq. Derwent, Dukinfield New Brighton Haddington Earl of K.T. Arderne hall, Tarporley Dutton William Joseph esq. Lindum house, Nantwich Hague J. Walker esq. Inglewood, Disley, Stockport Eardley Wilmot esq. Wistaston house, Nantwich Hall James esq. Edale, Broad road. Sale, Manchester Edelsten John Malin esq. Quernfield, Grappenhall, War­ Hamlett Edwin esq. Field ho. Swanlow lane, Winsford rington ' Hannay Thomas Scott esq. Greenbank, Upton, Birkenhead fEgerton of Tatton Lord (vice-lieut.), Tatton park!, Hardy Thomas Henry esq. Poole hall, Nantwich Knutsford; & o Seamore place, London W j +Harmood-Banner John Sutherland esq. M.P. Aston hall, tEgerton Sir Philip Henry Brian Grey- bart. Oulton near Warrington park, Tarporley ', Harrison Fredc. Jas. esq. Maer hall, near Newcastle,Staffs tEgerton-Warburton Piers esq. B.A.Arley hall.Northwch Harrison Major WiUiam, West hill, Stalybridge Elliot John esq. Sunnyside, Hoylalte, Birkenhead j Harthan Ezra esq. Black Acres, Sandbach Elverston Harold esq. The Dingle, Bramhall park;, Haworth Arthur Adiington esq. M.P. Normanby, Bonvill Bramhall, Stockport road, Dun'nam Massey, Altrincham Emberton John esq. Brockton hall, Ecclt shall. Staffs Haworth John Goodier esq. M.A. Hurst dale, Devisdale, Entwisle Edward esq. Woodlands, Ashton-upon-Meisev Dunham Massey, Altrincham Ethelston Cn.pt. Eobert Wicksted. The BoUing, Malpa.s Hazlehurst Charles Whiteway esq. Broxwood court,Pem- Evans Sir Edward, Spital Old hall, Bromborough, bridge, Hereford Birkenhead Heald William Norris esq. Westbank, Queen's rd. South- Evans John James esq. Brackenwood, Higher Bebington, port. Lanes Birkenhead Heap Wm. esq. Elm mount, Penkett rd. Liscard, B'head Evans-Lloyd Edward esq. V.D. Stanley house. Chester Hepherd James esq. The Knoll, Appleton, Warrington Fearn Geo. esq. Overdale, Dean Bow, Wilmslow, M'Chstr Hewitt David Ba.sil esq. B.A. The Mount, Davenham, Feilden Capt. Percy Henry Guy, Cokethorpe park, Wit­ Northwich ney, Oxon Hibbert Oliver esq. Windsor house, Stockport rd. Hyde Fenna .John esq. Bestwood, Newton-by-Chester Higson Capt. William, Oakmere hall, Northwich Fentem ]Mark esq. Beechwood, Stalybridge Hind Herbert Wheeler esq. Over Leasowe,Bidston,B'head Ferguson John Smith esq. Thornton lodge, Thornton Hoare Chas. Sumner esq.Kermincham lo.Holmes Chapel Hough, Chester Hodgkinson Walter Bright esq. Stonehurst, Marple, Fernley Col. George Arthur V.D. Westwood, Buxton, Stockport Derbyshire Hodgson Joseph Uttley esq. Higher Bebington hall, Fletcher William esq. Spring view. Higher Whitley, near Birkenhead Warrington Holland Sir William Henry bart. M.P. 61 Queen's gate, Flinn Fredk. Woolven esq. Greenheys,Grove rd.Wallasey London S W Forwood Sir William Bower, Bromborough hall,Birkenhd Hope Charles Edward esq. The Bank ho. Burton, Neston fFrance-Hayhurst Col. Charles Hosken, Bostock hall, Hope William esq Middlewich Hornby Albert NeUson esq. Parkfield, Nantwich France-Hayhurst Edward esq. Iddon, Bronygart^h, Bua- Horsfield Samuel esq. Springwood hall, Compstall, bon, N. Wales Stockport France-Hayhurst Capt. Frederick Charles, Bostock hall, Horsfield Thomas esq. Longlands, Hyde Middlewich DIRECTORY.] CHESHIRE. 13 Houghton Henry Johnson esq. The Grennan, St. McCracken William esq. Englesea house, Crewe George's mount. New Brighton, Birkenhead McDonald Bouverie Francis Primroste esq. Ivor lodge. Houldsworth Sir William Henry bart, Coodham, KU- New Brighton, Birkenhead marnock, N.B McDougall Finlay esq. High street, Buncorn Howard Col. Cephas John, Buxton jMacfie John Wifliam esq. Rowton haU, Chester Howard John esq. M.A McGilchrist Chas. R. B. esq. 28 Penkett road, Liscard Hoyle Edward Lascelles esq. M.A. Pott hall. Pott Shrig­ Maclver Charles esq. B.A. Beechfield, Heswall, B'head ley, Macclesfield McNeill William esq. 8 Herdman street, Grewe Hughes Charles James esq. Biversdale, Northwich Maddock James esq. The Cedars, Alsager, Stoke-on-Trent Hutchings W'iUiam Nelson esq. HiUsboro, Frodsham Mahler Henry esq. Sudworth, New Brighton, Birkenhd Imison Edwin esq. Heatherlea, Buncorn ^ainwaring SirHarrj- Stapleton bart.Peover hall,Knutsfd Inman Ernest Stobart esq. C.B. Mere bank, Davenham, Marriott Thomas esq. Brookfield ho. Maesbury,0swe9try Northwich MarshaU Col. Sir Thomas Horatio C.B., V.D. Bryn-y- Irwin Surtees esq. Park house. King street, Knutsford Coed, Bangor Isherwood John Hy. Bradshaw- esq.Marple hall,Stockprt Marson Charles esq. Junior United Service club, Lon- Ivison Thomas esq. Bank house. High street, Winsford ; don S W Jackson Thomas Hughes esq. The Manor house, Maskery Samuel esq. The Brooklands, Congleton Claughton, Birkenhead Massey Henry Boston esq. Stanley house, Ehyl Johnson Ernest esq. Ashton Hayes, Chester Massie Edward Eichard esq. Minera hall, Wrexham Johnson Col. John Goode, jun. V.D. Brinnington hall, Mellor John Edward esq. Tan-y-Bryn, Abergele,N. Wales Stockport Mellor WiUiam Moseley esq. 16 Devonshire place, Jones Edward Peter esq. Greenbank, Chester Claughton, Birkenhead Jones-Parry Eear-Admiral John Parry, ThelwaU hall, Merriman Frank esq. Hollingford house, Knutsford near Warrington Mewburn William esq. HawkweU Place, Pembury, Tun- Joyce John esq. Sea Bank house. Sea Bank road north, bridge Wells, Kent Egremont, Birkenhead Millington Joseph esq. Sutton hall.Kinderton,Middlewich Joynson Tertius esq. Twembroke, Great Meols, Hoy­ Mills Tom Hampden esq. White Bank house, Brinning­ lake, Birkenhead ton, Stockport Kay Jn. Arth. Eickards esq. Bavenscroft hall,Middlewich Moir John esq. Brereton haU, Sandbach Kay Samuel esq. Charlestowii, Davenport, Stockport Monks Frederick esq. 24 Lancaster rd. Birkdale, Lanes Kay Thomas esq. Moorfield, Stockport Monks Fdk. Wm. esq. Stonecroft, Appleton, Warrington Kearsley Major Eobert Wilson, ii6 Eaton sq.London SW Moorhouse Samuel Hy. esq. The Woodlands, Stockport Kellock Win. Walter esq. Highfields, Audlem, Nantwich Moreton Thomas Byram esq. Brown heath, Hartford, Kendall John esq. Moorlands, Broad rd. Sale, Manchester ' Northwich Kennedy Lt.-Col. John, Brookside, Arclid, Sandbach Morley John esq. Moor Lea, Derbys-hire road. Sale Kenyon' George Henry e9q.Brookfield,Ashton-under-Lyne Morris John Alfred esq. Oak house, Altrincham Killick Thomas William esq. Southfield, Bowdon Mortimer Harry Percival esq. Crofton lodge, Kingsley, Kilvert Harry Vernon esq. The Lodge, Ashton lane, Frodsham Ashton-upon-Mersey, Sale, Manchester Morton William esq. Silver hill, Hyde Kilvert Nicholas esq. Wood court, Bi klands. Sale, Muss Edward Howard esq. Montagu mansions, Portman Manchester square, London W Knowle^ Arthur esq. Alvaston hall, Nantwich Moss His Honor Judge Samuel MA., B.C.L. 50 Hough Laird Egerton Knox esq. 86 Grosvenor road, Claughton, green, Chester Birkenhead MothersiU Col. Walter V.D. Whaley haU, Whaley Langley Evan esq. Bickleytown, Malpas Bridge, near Stockport Lawson Alexander esq. The Grange, Ashton lane, Ash­ Munro Seymour Hugh esq. M.D. Kiltearn ho. Nantwich ton-upon-Mersey, Sale, Manchester Murray John esq. Warrendale, Frodsham Lawton Jo-eph Wilfred Sylvanus esq. Loudwater, Wat­ Napier Thomas William Adam M D. 82 Church street, ford, Herts Egremont, Birkenhead Lea William esq. Shaftesbury house, Nantwieh Neild Hy. esq. Green bank. Higher Whitley,Warrington Leak Hector esq. Dingle house, Winsford NeUl Joseph Skidmore esq. The Cliff, Acton, Northwich Lee Thomas Eussell esq. Oak lawn, Stanley road. Park- Nelstrop Geo. esq. The Grange, Edgeiey rd. Stockport field. New Ferry, Birkenhead Nesbitt Maj. David A. S., V.D. Beech Bank avenue. Leech Sir Bosdin Thos.Oak mnt. Timperley, Altrincham Manor road, Liscard Lees Col. Charles Percy, Heme lodge, Oundle Nevill Charles Henry esq. Bramall hall, Bramhall.Stckpt Lees William esq. Fairfield, Davenport, Stockport Newcome Harold Broughton esq. Spoonley, Market Legh Arthur Masterton Eobertson esq. Adiington hall, Drayton Macclesfield fNewton Lord, , Disley. Stockport ; & 6 Bel- Legh Lieut.-Col. Hubert CornwaU, High Legh haU, grave square, London S W Knutsford Newton George esq. Tower house, Shipley, Yorks Leicester-Warren Cuthbert esq. The Roode, High Legh, Nicholson Joshua Oldfield esq. Ashfield,Upton,Macclesfld Knutsford Norman Alfred Eobert esq. Heath house, Runcorn tLeigh Capt. Egerton, Jodrell hall. Holmes Chapel Norman Fredk. John esq. Lvndhurst, Higher Euncorn Leigh Isaac Linney esq. Beaconsfield, Bramhall lane, NuttaU Harry esq. M.P., F.E.G S. Eaynor croft, Bowdn Davenport, Stockport Ockleston John esq. Oakdale, Overton, Frodsham Leigh Oswald Mosley esq. Bowmount manor, Ennis- Oldershaw John esq. EoUeston house. New Brighton corthv, CO. Wexford Oldham John esq. Albert house, Albert road, Hyde Leigh-Clare Octavius Leigh esq. B.A. Boden haU, Pain Goard Squarey esq. Townfield lane. Lower Bebing­ ton, Birkenhead Scholar Green Parker The Hon. CecU Thomas, The Paddocks, Eccleston, fLewis Arthur Hornby esq. Marbury hall, Northwich Lewis George esq. Bed Lion farm, Weston, Grewe near Chester Levcester Ernest Gerard., esq. B.A., LL.B. Mobberley Parkyn William Joseph esq. Bose hill, Northenden Old hall, Knutsford Parr Cecil Fras. esq. B.A.Kimpton grange,Welwyn,Herts Lindsav Andrew esq. Newbold, Penkett road, Liscard Parr Joseph Charlton esq. Grappenhall Heyes.Warrington Littledale John Bolton esq. Brookdale,Bunhury,Tarporley [Parr Boger Charlton esq. M.A. Springfield, GrappenhaU, Littler John esq. 57 Greenway road. Euncorn Warrington Llovd Edward Honoratus esq. K.C. 9 Bridge street, Payne Arthur Lavington esq. Manor house, Mobber­ Westminster & 30 Collingham gardens, London SW ley, Knutsford Lloyd Sir Horatio B.A. 8 Stanley place, Chester Pedley Geo. Arth. esq. Winterley ho. Haslington, Crewe Lloyd J.>hn Caleb esq. V.D. Neston, Chester Peel "Walter esq. MountviUe, The Dell. Bock Ferry LLoyd Col. Wifford Neville M.V.O., F.E.G.S. Eccleston Peers George Hunter esq. Millthwaite, St. HUary Brow, hill, Chester , ^. , ^ Wallasey, Birkenhead Lockhead Harry esq. The Mount, Swanlow la. Winsford Perrin Thomas esq. Fern bank. Godley, Hyde Lonw WUliam esq. ThelwaU Heys. Warrington PhiUips-Brocklehurst Eobert Walter Douglas esq. B.A. Longridge Bbt. Bewick esq.Yew Tree ho.Tabley,Knutsfrd Hare hUl, Macclesfield Low" Wm. Scowcroft esq.Cheethams close.The Pk.Buxtn Pickup James esq. HUl crest. Chapel Hill, Dukinfield Pierpoint Eobert esq. M.A. St. Austin's, Warrington Lowther Col. Wm. Gorges B.A. Shrigley hi. Macclesfld Plant Frank George esq. Oaklands, Eomiley, Stockport Lnxmoore Charles Frederick Goryndon esq. Ashbrook Piatt Major James Edward, Ingmanthorpe hall, Towers, Church MinshuU, Middlewich tLyon Thomas Henrv esq. Appleton hall, Warrington Wetherbv, Yorks Piatt John esq. Hyning, Carnforth, Lanes McAfee William esq. M.D. Gooleen, West Kirby, Piatt Walt. Ward e5q.Warrendene,Mount rd.NewBrightn Birkenhead 14 CHESHIRE. [KELLY'S

Platt-Higgins Frederick esq, Woodham Place. HorseU, Taylor E. Eussell esq. Kingscourt, Penkett rd. Liscard Surrey Taylor George Crosland esq, Bavenscar, Helsby, near Poole Bryan Davies esq. Marbury haU, Whitchurch . Warrington Posnett Eobert Harold esq. The Mount, Euncorn Taylor James esq. Heatihercliffe, Helsby, near Warrington Pratt Henry esq. Peak house, Astley street, Dukinfield jaylor Samuel esq. Bydal mount, Buncorn Preston Eobert Wheeler esq, Clare lodge, Clare Mount Taylor Thomas esq. Kent house, Northenden road. Sale, road, WaUasey, Birkenhead ; Manchester Pritchard James esq. The Elms, Buncorn Thompson Alfred Jahez esq. Merlewood, Guddington, Eankine Adam Geo. esq. Eeacioit, iioyiake, Birkenhead • Northwich Eeiss Alexander EmU Jacques esq. Whatcroft haU, thompson William Ernest esq. Orchard bank.Altrinchvn near Northwich 'thorne Wm. Calthrop esq.Holmefield, Gt.Sutton.Chestr Eeiss James Edward esq. 36 Cadogan square,LondonSW T^hornycroft Charles Edward esq. M.A. Courtlands, Benshaw Wm. Agar esq. Old Market pi. Altrincham ! Lymstone, Exeter Eeynolds Charles esq. Netherton, Golwyn Bay •^horp Lt.-Col. John Walter Hook V.D. Pear Tree house, Eeynolds Henry esq. Chapel walks, Llandudno I Macclesfield Ehodes Geo.Wood esq.Mottram-in-Longdendale,Mnchstr Threlfall Charles esq. 24 Cadogan gardens, London SW Eichardson Ed. Taswell esq. B.A.Oapennurst hall,Chestr Timmins Thomas Doming esq. Netherton, Frodsham, Riddick Et. Faulkner esq. Home acre, Ashley,Altrinchm . Warrington Bidyard Joseph esq. High bank, Stalybridge Timmins Walter esq. Trinity house, Buncorn Eigby Frank esq. Groundslow, Tittensor, Staffs toler Thomas Clayton esq. B.A. Taxal lodge, Whaley Eigby Frederick esq. Union club, Trafalgar sq. London Bridge, Stockport Eigby John esq. GreviUe lodge, Winsford ToUemache Lord, Peckforton castle, Tarporley fRoberts Benjamin Chaffers esq. Oakfield, Upton,Chesti •J-ToUemache Henry Jas. esq. B.A. Dorfold hall,Nantwich Eoberts Henry esq. Kingsley, Appleton, Warrington Tomlunson Charles Wm. esq. WiUington hall, Tarporley Eoberts John Henry esq. Market street, Hollingworth, tTomkinson Et. Hon. James P.C, M.P. WiUington Manchester hall, Tarporley Eobinson Francis Eatcliffe esq. The Meadow, Dean Bow, Turner Lt.-Col. James Aspinall, Porthamel hall, Llan- WUmslow, Manchester ' fair, Anglesea Roden Earl of, TuUymore park,Bryansford,County Down Twigge Edward esq. ThingwaU hall, Birkenhead Rodger George esq. Bridgelands, Selkirk, N.B Underwood WiUiam esq. Albert house, Dukinfield Eooke George esq. Moorside, Sibson rd. Sale, Manchester Vacher Francis esq. 7 Shrewsbury rd. Oxton, Birkenhead Eoyds John Fletcher Twemlow esq. The Hill, Sandbach fVerdin Sir Joseph bart. Garnstone castle. Weobley, Royle John esq. Northwood, Wimslow, Cheshire Herefordshire Bylands Wm. Peter esq. Dingle bank, Lymm,WaTrngtn Verdin Eichard Norman Harrison esq. Stoke manor, Sanday Samuel esq. Puddington hall, Neston Nantwich Sandbach Samuel Henry esq. M.A. Cherry hill, Malpas tVerdin WiUiam Henry esq. Darnhall hall, Winsford tSchroder Baron William Henry von, Eookery hall, Vernon Thomas Murhall Lossford esq. Tushingham Worleston, Nantwich house, Whitchurch, Salop Schroder William Henry von esq. The Cottage, Worles­ Wainwright Thomas Foster esq. 2 Wardle road. Sale ton, Nantwich Waithman William Sharp esq. Gawsworth Old hall, Shakerley-Ackers George Herbert esq. New Moreton Macclesfield hall, Congleton W^alker Alfred Osten esq. Ulcombe Place, near Maid­ Shakerley Sir Walter Geoffrey bart. Somerford pk.Congltn stone, Kent Shaw William Otho Nicholson esq. F.E.G.S., B.A. Walker Col. Frank, Turf Moor, New Brighton, B'head Skreens park, Eoxwell, Chelmsford, Essex Wall George esq. Heatherdene, Grange road. West Kirby Shepley Eobert Shepley esq Walley Eichard Pedley esq. Cotton Abbots, Chester Sidebotham Edward John esq. M.A. Erlesdene, Green Watkin Alfred esq. Dane Bank, Lymm, Warrington walk, Bowdon, Altrincham Welsford James Hughes esq. Hoole house, Chester Sidebotham Joseph Watson esq. Merlewood, Bowdon, Westminster Duke of G.C.V.O. (lord lieut.), Eaton haU, Altrincham Chester; & 33 Upper Grosvenor street, London W Sidebottom Col. Albert V.D. Heyrod cottage, Heyrod, Weston John esq. The Heysoms, Chester rd. Northwich Stalybridge Whiston William esq. Clough house, Langley, MacclesHd Sidebottom Col. William V.D.Harewood lodge,Mottram- Widdrington Shallcroas Fitzherbert esq. Newton hall, in-Longdendale, Manchester Felton, Northumb Simpson Alfred esq. Dunham Woods, Charcoal road, Wigg George Lloyd esq. Bockshaw, Merstham, Surrey Dunham Massey, Altrincham Wilbraham Hugh Edward esq. Delamere ho. Northwich Skidmore James Stephen esq. The Crosslands, Willas­ Wild Frederick esq. Vernon house, Albert road, Hyde ton, Nantwich Wilde John esq. Bredbury house, Bredbury, Stockport Smith Frederick Henry esq. Queen's lodge, Golwyn Bay Wildgoose William Thomas esq. 65 Heath side, Knutsfrd Smith John Fergus esq. Torwoodlee, Gt. Meols,Hoylake Williams Wellington Archbold esq. Sharden, Mayfield, Smith Joseph Wm. esq. Ivy ho. Weaverham, Northwich Sussex fSmyth Hugh Lyle esq.Barrowmore hall,Barrow,Chester Williams William Maysmor esq Solly Arthur John esq. West Heath, Congleton Wilson Charles esq. CoUa, Delamere street, Crewe Sparrow Walter Wedgwood esq. Bet ton haU, Market Wilson Hubert Malcolm esq. Barmere,Whitchurch,Salop Drayton, Salop WoUey-Dod Francis esq. Edge hall, Malpas Speakman PhUip Ernest esq. Sherecroft, Botley, Hants Wolryche-Whitmore Francis Alexander esq. B.A. Larden Spurrier Henry esq. The HaU, Marston-on-Dove, Derby hall, Wenlock, Salop Stafford Daniel esq. Perrin street, Hyde Wood George Stanley esq. 85 Gatley rd. Gatley,CheadIe Stancliffe Lt.-Col. WUliam Waltham V.D. Springfield, Wood William Edward esq. Holly bank. Cemetery road, Byron's lane, Macclesfield Dukinfield Starkey Arthur esq. Wrenbury hall, Nantwich Woodhouse Col. Samuel Henry, Heatherton pk. Taunton Stead John Charles esq. Stoneycroft, Penkett road, Lis­ Woodmass Montagu esq card, Birkenhead Worthington Henry Hugo esq. Wycombe court. High Steel Bd. esq. Zigzag hall, Penkett rd. Liscard,Birkenhd Wycombe Stockton William esq. Elmwood, Merseyton road, EUes­ Wyndham Bight Hon. George P.C. (Eng. & Irel.). M.P. mere Port, Chester Saighton grange, Chester; & 35 Park lane, London W Stubbs Bobert Unwin esq. Bylands, Winsford Tates Hercules CampbeU esq Swetenham Clement WiUiam esq. Somerford Booths haU, Yates Joseph Maghull esq. K.C, B.A. Buglawton hall, Congleton Congleton Sykes Alan Jn. esq. M.A. South view, Cheadle,Manchstr Young Chas. Ernest esq. Sheppenhall. Newhall.Nantwch Sykes Prank esq. Brookfield, Cheadle, Manchester Young Thomas PUkington esq. V.D. Stand haU, White- Talbot Arthur Hervey esq. Aston lodge, Preston Brook field, Lanes Tarbolton Alfred esq. Athelney, South Downs road, The Mayors of Congleton, Crewe, Hyde, Macclesfield & Bowdon, Altrincham Stalybridge & the Chairmen of aU "Urban & Bural Dis­ Tatton Thomas Egerton esq. Wythenshawe hall, Northen­ trict Councils, for the time being, are ex-officio magis­ den, Manchester trates Tayleur John esq. Buntingsdale hall. Clerk of the Peace,Eeginald Potts,Northgate ho.Chestr

DEPUTY LIEUTENANT NOT A JUSTICE OF THE PEACE. Eoyden Sir Thomas Bland, Frankby hall, Birkenhead DlKECTORY. CHESHIRE. 15

COUNTY CONSTABULARY. HEAD QUARTERS, CHESTER. The force consists of a chief constable, deputy chief constable, 13 superintendents, 20 inspectors, -jj sergeants and 404 constables. Chief Constable, Lieutenant-Colonel J. H, Hamersley, County Police Office, Chester. Deputy Chief Constable, W. Leah, County PoUce Office, Chester. Detective Inspector, WiUiam T. Pierce, Chester. Inspectors, WUliam James Naylor & John Richard Dodd, Chester. BROXTON DIVISION. NOETH WIEEAL DIVISION. Superintendent, Edward Charles Hicks, Broxton (T«). Superintendent, John McHale, County Constabulary Stations.—^Aldford, Broxton, Ghristleton, Eccleston, Office, Liscard (W). Farndon, Great Boughton, Handley, Hatton Heath, Inspectors, John Lees, County Constabulary Office, New Hoole, Malpas, Mickle Trafford, No Man's Heath, Pul­ Brighton; Thomas Wilson & Thomas Ennion, Lis­ ford. Tattenhall, Tilston, Threapwood, Upton card; Evan Christian, Hoylake & Thomas J. Morris, Seacombe ALTRINCHAM DIVISION. Stations:—Bidston, Greasby, Hoylake-cum-West Kirby, Superintendent, John OkeU, County Constabulary Office, Liscard, Moreton, New Brighton, Poulton-cum-Sea­ Altrincham (M). combe, Woodchurch, Upton, Wallasey Inspector, Thomas H. Gamer, County Constabulary Office, Sale (M). SOUTH WIEBAL DIVISION, Inspectors, Alfred Owen, E. T. Eichardson & Thomas Superintendent, Andrew Sutherland, County Con­ Sharp, County Constabulary Office, Altrincham. stabulary Office, Birkenhead (M & Th). Stations.—Ashley, Ashton-upon-Mersey, Baguley, Bow­ Inspector, George W. Johnson,. County Constabulary don, Broadheath, Broomedge, Dunham Massey, Hale, Hale Barnes, Heatley, High Legh, Knutsford (W), Office, New Ferry. Lymm (W), Mobberley, Ollerton. Partington, Eos- Stations,—Backford, Higher Bebington, Bromborough, theme, Sale, Tabley, Timperley, Toft Bromborough Pool, Eastham, Heswall, EUesmere . Port, Great Saughall, Little Sutton, Neston-cum- EDDISBUBY DIVISION. Parkgate (F), New Ferry, Pensby, Port Sunlight, Superintendent, John Beeley, Oakmere (M), Northwich. Storeton, Thornton Hough, Willaston, Whitby Stations.-Acton, Alpraham, Barrow, Bunbury, Burton, DUKINFIELD DIVISION. Dunham HiU, Gotebrook, Five Crosses, Frodsham m), Helsby, KelsaU, Kingsley, Little Budworth, Superintendent, Luke J. Croghan, County Constabulary Norley, Sandiway, Tarporley, Tarvin, Tiverton, Office, Dukinfield (M. & Th). Weaverham Inspector, WUliam Brewster, Dukinfield. NANTWICH DIVISION. Stations:—Broadbottom, Dukinfield, Hollingworth, Superintendent, George E. Farnworth, County Con­ Matley, Mottram-in-Longdendale, Tintwistle stabulary Office, Nantwich (M). , Stations.—Aston, Audlem, Barbridge, FaddUey, Hun MACCLESFIELD DIVISION. sterson, Marbury, Stapeley, Willaston, Worleston, Superintendent, William Hoole, County Constabulary Wybunbury Office, Macclesfield (Tu). OBEWE DIVISION. Inspector, Charles Dean, Wilmslow (Th). Superintendent, David Pearson, County Constabulary Stations:—AdUngton, Alderley Edge, BoUington, Bosley, Office, Crewe (T). Chelford, lEUiton, Gawsworth, Great Warford, Hen­ Inspectors, John Swords & Albert Sudlow, County bury, Hurdsfield, Kettleshulme, Poynton, Prestbury, Stjral, Sutton, T^herington Constabulary Office, Crewe. Stations:—Barthomley, Church Coppenhall, Haslington, Shavington, Sydney, Weston, Wistaston,Woolstanwood STOCKPOET DIVISION. MIDDLEWICH DIVISION. Superintendent, Arthur J. Dutton, County Constabulary Superintendent, Henry Thompson, County Constabulary Office, Hazel Grove, near Stockport (Th). Office, Middlewich (W). Inspector, James Dawson, Bredbury. Stations:—Alsager, Astbury, Booth Lane, Brereton, Stations:—Bramhall, Bredbury, Cheadle, Gheadle Buglawton, Byley, Goostrey, Holmes Chapel, Mow Hulme, Compstall, Disley, Gatley, Hawk Green, Cop, Bode Heath, Sandbach (M), Scholar Green, Hazel Grove, Handforth, High Lane, Heald Green, SmaUwood, Somerford, Wheelock, Wimboldsley Marple, Northenden, Offerton, BomUey,Whaley Bridge

NORTHWICH DIVISION. BUNCOEN DIVISION. Superintendent, Samuel Q-. Cooper, County Con- Supt, Geo. Ennion, County Constab. Off. Buncorn (M) stajbulary Office, Northwich (Tu). Inspector, John Sutton, County Constabulary Office, gtabnlary, Northwich (Tu). Over (M). Inspector, Albert Foster, County Con. Office, Buncorn. Stations:—^Barnton, Davenham, Great Budworth, Hart­ Stations.—Grappenhall, Halton, Moore, Preston Brook, ford, Lache Dennis, Leftwich, Lostock Gralam, Mar­ Stockton Heath, Stretton. Sutton Weaver, Walton, ston, Moulton, Over, Wharton, Wincham, Winnington Weston, Weston Point, VThitley 16 CHESHIRE. [KELLY'a

THE GEOLOGY OF CHESHIRE (Revised to 1906.) NATURAL HISTORY & SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES.—Chester 1864, HuU, E, & A. H, Green.—The Millstone Grit of Society of Natural Science, Literature & Art; Grosvenor Cheshire, &c. Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xx., Museum, Chester: Annual Repm-t, S^e. The Chester & p. 242, North Wales Archaeological & Historic Society; Grosvenor 1865. Brodie, Rev, P, B,—Remarks on the Lias Outlier ia Museum, Chester: Transactions. Lancashire & Cheshire South Cheshire. Proc Warwick Field Club, p. 6. Antiquarian Society; Chetham College, Manchester, 1869, Hull, Prof, E,—On a Ridge of Lower Carboniferous Historic Society of Lancashire & Cheshire ; Eoyal Institu­ Rocks, probably occurring beneath the Trias of tion, Colquitt street, Liverpool: Transactions. Cheshire. Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxv., p. 171. MUSEUMS. — Altrincham: Museum & Free Library. 1870, Maw, G,—Rhaetic Beds in Cheshire. Geol. Mag., Chester: The Grosvenor Museum. Northwich : The p. 203, Brunner Public Museum. Warrington: The Municipal 1871, Report of the Coal Commission [Parliamentary Blue Museum. Stockport: Vernon Park Museum. Maccles­ Book], Fol., London. field : Museum, 'West Park. 1872, Mackintosh, D.—Sea-Coast Section of Boulder Clay. PUBLICATIONS OF THE (GOVERNMENT) GEOLOGICAL Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxviii., p. 388. SURVEY. 1873, Mackintosh, D.—On Remarkable Boulders. Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxix., p. 351, I.—Coloured Geological Maps, on the scale of one inch to one 1873, Ward, T.—The Cheshire Salt District, Proc Lit. ^ mile. Phil. Soc, Liverpool, No. xxvii., p. 39. Old Series:— 1874, Reade, T. M,—Shells of the Cheshire Low Level Quarter-sheets 73 N.E., Nantwich, Crewe, Alsager, Drift. Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxx., p. 27. Audlem. 1874. Shone, W,—Foraminifera in the Boulder Clays. 73 N.W., Holt, Malpas, Combermere. Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol, xxx., p. 181. 79 N.E.* (Wirral), Birkenhead, Wallasey, West Kirby, 1877, Mackintosh, D.—New Sections of Boulder Clay. Eastham, Neston. Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxxiii., p. 730. 79 S.E.* (tf'irral), Burton, Shotwick, Dodleston, Pulford. 1878, Sainter, J. D.—Geological Rambles round Maccles­ 80 NE.*, Altrincham, Knutsford, Budworth. field. 8vo, Macclesfield. 80 N.W.*, Frodsham, Runcorn, Ince. 1878. Shone, W.—Glacial Deposits of West Cheshire. Q. 80 S.W.*, Chester, Tarporley, Delamere. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xxxiv., p. 383. 80 S.E.*, Middlewich, Northwich, Sandbach, Chelford. 1879. Dawkins, W. B.—Mammoth Pre-glacial in Cheshire. 8i ar.W.*, Stockport, Cheadle, Marple, Presbury, WUms­ Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxxv., p, 140. low, BoUington. 1881. Strahan, A.—Lower Keuper Sandstone of Cheshire. 81 S.W., Macclesfield, Congleton, Forest Chapel. Geol. Mag., p. 396. 88 S.W.*, Mottram, Dukinfield, Stalybridge. 1883. Reade, T. M.—The Drift-beds of the North-West of 88 S.E., Woodhead. England and North Wales. Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, Hap {New Series'), 123,* Crewe, Betley, Wistaston. vol. xxxix., p. 83. These maps are further illustrated by the Horizontal 1885. Ricketts, C.—On some Erratics in the Boulder Clay Sections, Nos. 18, 43, 44, 60, 64, 65, 67, 68, 70, and by the of Cheshire, &c. Q. Joum. Geol. Soc, vol. xli., TeHical Section, Sheet 82 (the Cheshire Salt and Brine P- 591- Workings). 1887. Shipman, Jas.—Holiday Letters of a Geologist [Trias, Of the maps marked * two editions are published. The &c.]; 8vo., Nottingham. first, or " Solid," edition shows the regularly stratified rocks i888. Reade, T. M.—An Estimate of Post-Glacial Time. only, all the " Drift" deposits being ignored. The second, Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xliv., p. 291. or "Drift," edition shows the stratified rocks where they 1895. Davies, T. W. & T. M. Reade.—Strata of the form the actual surface of the country; but where the Seacombe Branch Railway. Proc. Liverpool Geol. " Drift'' occurs it is shown instead of the stratified rocks. Soc, vol. vii., p. 327. For most purposes the "Drift" edition is to be preferred; 1896. Anon.—The Red Rock Fault at Congleton. Colliery but the geologist will find it very useful to possess both Guard., vol. Ixxi., p, 641. series. 1896, Anffn.—The Millstone Grit of North Stafford and Index Map, scale 4 miles to one inch.—The whole of Cheshire. Colliery Guard., vol. Ixxi., p. 112. Cheshire (with the exception of a very small area in the 1896, Morton, G. H.—Erosion of the Sea-Coast of Wirral. north-east corner) is contained in Sheet 8 (price 2s. 6d.) of Geol. Mag., p. 516. this cheap and very useful map. 1897. Morton, G. H.—Geology of Country around Liver­ II.—Books or *^Memoirs" (descriptive of the geological pool. 8vo, London. maps).—The Lias of England and Wales, by H. B. Wood­ 1897. Ward, T.—Rock-Salt Deposits of Northwich. Trans. ward, 7s. 6d. ; Triassic and Permian Rocks of Midland Manchester Geol. Soc, vol. xxv., p. 274. Counties of England, by E. Hull, 55.; Geology of the Haddock, W. S.—Lancashire and Cheshire Coal­ Country around Altrincham, by E. Hull {out of print); fields. Colliery Guard., vol. Ixxv., p. 897. Geology of the Neighbourhood of Chester, by A. Strahan, 1899, Gibson, W, & W. Hind.—On the Agglomerates and 2s. ; Geology of the Neighbourhood of Stockport, &c., by Tuffs in the Carboniferous Limestone Series of E. Hull and A. H. Green, 4s ; Geology of the Country Congleton Edge. Q. Journ. Geol, Soc, vol. Iv., around Stoke-upon-Trent, by 'f. Gibson and C. B. Wedd, P- 556- IS. 6d.; The Geology of the North Staffordshire Coalfields, 1899. Lomas, J.—Flint Implements in Glacial Deposits of by W. Gibson, Sfc, 6s,; Superficial Geology of the Country Cheshire and N. Wales. Proc Liverpool Geol. adjoining the Coasts of S.W. Lancashire, by C. E. Be Soc, vol. vui., p. 334. Ranee, 10s. 6d. 1900. Ward, T.—Subsidences at Northwich. Trans. List. ,The local agents for the sale of all the publications of the Mining Eng., vol. xix., p. 241. [See also Geol. Geological Survey are Phillipson and Golder, Chester. Mag. for 1887, p. 517.] INTRODUCTION TO GEOLOGY.—For students and for 1901. Beasley, H. C,—Keuper Marls at Oxton. Proc. general readers who may require some explanation of the Liverpool Geol. Soc, vol. ix., p. 68. terms used in Geology, with an account of the relations 1901. Strahan, A.—Passage of a Seam of Coal into Dolom­ which the strata of Cheshire bear to those of the surround­ ite [WirralJ. Q. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. Ivii.,. ing counties and of the rest of Britain, we may mention p. 297. Harrison's lextbook of Geology, fifth edition, 1903; 1902, Edwards, W,—The Drift in the Neighbourhood of published by Blackie & Son, price 3s. 6d. Crewe. Proc Liverpool Geol. Soc, vol, ix., p. 197. 1903. Pickstone, W.—Recent Geological Changes in the LIST OF IMPORTANT BOOKS AND PAPERS UPON LOCAL Peninsula of Wirral. Trans. Manchester Geol. GEOLOGY. Soc, vol. xxviii., p, 115, See List by ^^'. ^^'hitaker in the Proceedings of the 1903-5. Lomas, J. & H. C. Beasley.—Report on the Trias Liverpool Gcolof/ical Socie'i/, of 190 books, papers &c. (Footprints, &c.). British Association Reports for published up to 1873. Also later list by the same author 1903, p. 219 ; for 1904, p. 275 ; and for 1905, in the Survey Memoir on the Geology of Chester, bj' p. 161, A. Strahan, 1882. 1904. Lomas, J.—Coasts of Lancashire and Cheshire. 1835. Egerton, Sir P. G.—Gravel Bed containing recent Proc. Liverpool Geol. Soc, vol. ix., p. 332. Marine Shells at " The WiUington," and at Narley 1905. Strahan, A,—The Cheshire Basin.—Report of Royal Bank. Froc. Geol. Soc, vol. ii., pp. 189, 415. Commission on Coal Supplies, Part IV., fol., 1848. Ormerod, G. W.—The Salt Field of Cheshire, Q London. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. iv., p. 262. DIRECTORY.] CHESHIRE. 17 GEOLOGICALLY speaking, the •structure of the county of Messrs. A. Strahan, C. E. De Ranee, A. H. Green, •Chester is characterized by simplicity and uniformity H. B. Woodward, W. Gibson, &c.;, and their pubUshed maps, Nme-tenths of its area is composed of rocks belonging to sections and memoirs (for lists of all these see above), form one geological formation only—the Trias or New Red Sand­ a full and s.atisfactory guide to a complete knowledge of its stone; the remainder consists of beds of Carboniferous structure. age, which form the hiUy region of the east and north-east of the county ; with just a patoh of Rhaetics and Lias near TABLE OF THE STRATA OF CHESHIRE, Audlem in the extreme south. Max. Thickness The district cannot be said to have been neglected bv in Feet. geological writers. In a " List of Works on the Geoloo-l River-Gravels IS &c. of Cheshire," compiled by Mr. W. Whitaker, and pub­ t -( Alluvium, &c 30 lished in the proceedings of the Liverpool Geological Society, K i Peat-beds 40 for 1875-6, we find the titles of 190 articles written by 85 Oi- f c » authors. Of these, however. Professor E. Hull claims no a. r; fewer than 28, Mr. G. H. Morton, of Liverpool, iq, and o Ji J Boulder-Clays 200 Mr. E. W. Binney, of Manchester, 18. "S i j Sands and Gravels 150

{Great Break or Interval here.) *-3 Lower Lias 100 Rhaetic so f If Red Marls 3,000 Jl Water-Stones 200 ^ L :i s a i. ! Basement Beds I Conglomerate Bed tc r IC Z I Upper Mottled Sandstone 800 : -{Pebble Beds 600 ; I Lower Mottled Sandstone 500

'Permian" [Permo-Carboniferous.] 1,000 .: f 5 J Goal Measures 2,500 ? I Millstone Grit 2,000

_ -• f " Yoredale " Series 2,200 '•^ I £•{ Carboniferous Limestone > 400 ^ L >^ L with Volcanic Tuffs Ji [Exposed.] Cheshire forms an exception to the fact that in England the oldest rocks occur as a rule in the north-west part of any district whose geological structure we wish to describe. On the contrary the first-formed and consequently oldest rocks occur in the east and north-east of Cheshire, where the boundary line extends up to the Yorkshire Moors. The cause of this is to be found in the elevation of the Pennine Chain, so that rocks of Lower Gdrboniferous age have there been brought to the surface and exposed by sub­ sequent denudation. These Lower Carboniferous beds we also find, so to speak, in their correct or natural place on the west side of the river Dee, where a fine ridge of rocks of the age of the Carboniferous Limestone and Millstone Grit runs north and south for a distance of 21 miles, the town of Mold being the central point. Looking from these hills eastwards we have before us an extensive plain (the " Plain of Cheshire"), composed of " Red Rocks " of Triassic age, thickly overlaid with boulder clay, and composing, as has been said, nine- tenths of the surface of the county. This plain is over 40 miles in width and its eastern boundary is formed by a repe­ tition of the identical strata—the Carboniferous Limestone, Millstone Grit and Lower Coal Measures, upon which we have taken our imaginary stand in .

THE CHESHIRE BASIN.—In the county of Cheshire we have the central part of a great " basin" or trough, composed of strata which extend northwards into Lancashire and southwards into Shropshire. The axis or central line of this basin runs nearly north and south. Within this area the strata lie one upon another with their edges bent upwards in all directions, just hke a nest of basins or pie- dishes placed one within another. The result is that in Cheshire, which is the central part of this great earth-basin, the strata rise and crop out both to the east and to the west. The lowest stratum occurring in the district—the Carboniferous Limestone—we find on the east at Astbury ; but on the west we have to pass outside the limits of the county before we can stand upon the same rock in the Clwydian Hills. But we feel sure that this stratum or bed Mr. Binney's papers were chiefly published in the pro­ of rock is continuous—underground—right from the one ceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Man­ place to the other; and that if we were to make a deep chester, and those of Mr. Morton in the publications of the boring somewhere in Mid-Cheshire—say at Middlewich or Liverpool Geological Society, and of the Literary and Nantwich—we should come upon this very Carboniferous PhUosophical Society of Liverpool. Limestone, but at a depth of probably not less than 10,000 feet. In exactly the same way the succeeding strata—the In later years many other writers have added to our Millstone Grit, the Coal Meisures, and the various members knowledge of the rocks of Cheshire, including Messrs. of the Trias, are found both on the east side of Cheshire and A. Strahan, J. Ward, G. W. Ormerod, D. Mackintosh, also on the west side; each rock-bed forming a strip of sur­ J. Lomas, H. C. Beasley, J. Shipman, &c. (see list above). face-ground—broad m proportion to the thickness of the The whole of the countv of Cheshire has been examined 1 rock-bed and to the angle of its dip—but all the strips by the officers of the Geological Survey (Prof, E. HuU, and | having a general extension or " strike " from north to south. CHESHIRE 2 18 CHESHIEE. [KELL-i^S

As so the cause of this basin-like disposition of the rocks, as Le2ndodendron, Sigillaria and Calamites are not uncom­ it is due to a great (though probably very slow and steady) mon, with the shells Aviculopecten and Goniatites in the earth-movement having taken place at the close of the roofs of the little coals. Carboniferous Period, by which the Pennine Range was (4) The Coal Measures.—The Cheshire Coal-field is a pro­ elevated, and the district farther to the west depressed. longation of the extensive coal-field of South Lancashire, Afterwards this depression was tilled up by the deposition running due south from Oldham by Stalybridge and Hyde of the Triassic beds, and then the earth-movement—which to Macclesfield. The Lower Coal Measures rest upon the in each case acted from the east towards the west—was Millstone Grit, and include some thin seams of coal, known renewed, though on a smaller scale, and the Triassic strata as the Gannister Coal, the Bakestone Dale Coal &c. The were folded also. Thus the result of this great east to Middle Goal Measures contain the chief workable seams, west pressure of the earth-crust was the formation of the which crop out about two miles to the east of Stockport and Cheshire Basin. Poynton. There are from six to ten seams, of good thick­ As the oldest rocks of Cheshire occur in the north-east of ness and quality ; the lowest is the Redacre mine, which is the county we must commence our geological description identical with the famous Arley, or Royley mine of South there. Lancashire. CARBONIFEROUS FORMATION.—The Carboniferous strata Fossils.—The ordinary coal-measure plants, already enu­ of Cheshire fall into four well-marked sub-divisions. The merated for the Millstone Grit, occur in fair abundance. lowest bed or member of this well-known series of rocks is Carbonicola (formerly known as A nthracosia), the common (i) the Carboniferous Limestone or Mountain Limestone, coal-measure mussel-like shell, also occurs, and the iron­ which in Derbyshire occupies an extensive tract of country stone nodules yield remains of fishes; everything shows between Buxton and Matlock. In Cheshire it only peeps up that here, as elsewhere, the coal forests grew in mighty at one point, viz. the Astbury lime works, east of Congleton. swamps near the sea, on an area which underwent frequent It occupies hardl}^ any surface area here, and is said to have though slow and slight alternations of elevation and depres­ been discovered by a Derbyshire servant girl, about 200 sion. years ago, who noticed that the rock in the brook at Ast­ In 1875 there were 37 coUieries at work in Cheshire, and bury was the same as that she had seen burnt for lime in they raised 658,945 tons of coal, besides 8,200 tons of fire­ her native county ; it has been worked ever since, and is clay, 1,000 tons of oil shales, and 1,500 tons of iron ore. much sought after, as it yields a good hydraulic lime. The The amount of coal remaining to be extracted was estimated rock occurs just on the east side of a great dislocation, in 1871 by Mr. Dickenson at 200 millions of tons; in 1879 caUed the " Red Rock Fault," which we shall describe there were 26 collieries at work, producing 720.250 tons of further on. At the very top of the Mountain Limestone coal and 6,062 tons of fire-clay ; in 1904 the amount of coal in the Astbury Quarry (which is one mile X.E. of Mow Cop raised in Cheshire was 392,751 tons. For later statistics Station) we find some ^ery interesting beds of volcanic see p. 2. agglomerate and tuffs or ashes, intercalated with the bands The JVeston Colliery.—We must not dismiss the coal ques­ of limestone. These point to volcanic eruptions having tion without mentioning that coal is worked at Neston, on taken place on the old sea-floor during the time of deposi­ the north side of the river Dee. The beds here are evidently tion of the Carboniferous Limestone. Similar cases occur in a continuation of the seams which form the Flintshire coal­ Derbyshire. field. The measures dip to the north-east, and probably lie (2) " The Yoredale Rocks."—These beds rest upon the under all the peninsula of Wirral, and pass under Liverpool Mountain Limestone just described and attain a total thick­ itself, but at a considerable, and as yet unknown depth. ness in this region of perhaps 2,200 feet. They extend from Coal has been proved also on the east side of the Dee, north Congleton Edge to St. James, south of Macclesfield, and of Chester; and at Sealands, close to the west side of Chester thence eastward for three miles, and then run up the valley itself. of the to a point about half-way between Taxall CONCEALED COAL-FIELDS UNDERNEATH CHESHIRE. — and Pott Shrigley. They consist in the lower part of black Seeing that the coal-measures crop out, or come to the sur­ shales alternating with thin black earthy limestones (per­ face both in the east of Cheshire (as near Stockport and haps the equivalent of the Upper Limestone Shales of other Poj-nton), and also in the west (as at Neston, and also in districts), then comes a considerable thickness of hard fine­ FHntshire), is it not reasonable to expect that these expo.sed grained sandstone, surmounted by alternations of dark shales or surface coal-areas are connected underground? The and sandstones. Fossils are scarce, but such shells as probability of the connection is increased by the fact that the Gonatites, Chonetes, Productus &c. have been found in Con­ FUntshire, &c., beds dip or slant towards the east, while the gleton Edge. The " Yoredale " beds were so named by Poynton, &c., beds dip to the west. Geologically, aU the Prof. J. Phillips from their occurrence in Yoredale (or evidence goes to show that these coal districts are connected; \^'ensleydale) in Yorkshire. They rest there upon the top and that seams of coal do exist almost everywhere beneath of the Carboniferous Limestone ; and so, when similar beds Cheshire. were found elsewhere in the same succession—as in North­ But the coal may be there, and yet lie at too great a depth east Cheshire—they were given the same name. But of late to be worked at a profit, or perhaps even to be worked at years Dr. W. Hind and other geologists have found that all. Practical men tell us that 4,000 feet is about the these Cheshire rocks (which occupy the same velaXiye position greatest depth at which even the best seams of coal can be as the true Yoredale Rocks) do not contain the same fauna successfuUy worked ; the chief reason being the increase of —the same group of fossils. But the fossil shells which heat (at the rate of about one degree F. for every 60 feet we they do contain are like those seen at Pendleside in Lanca­ go down). shire. Hence it is proposed to call these Cheshire beds the In East Cheshire the presence of the *' Red Rock Fault" " Pendleside Series " in future, instead of the " Yoredale adds to the difficulty of reaching the coal-seams. Rocks." The final settlement of the question may, perhaps, This great crack or dislocation running north and south be deferred until the district has been re-mapped by the from Macclesfield marks a line along which, on its west side, Geological Survey. the strata have dropped down so as to be a considerable (3) The Millstone Grit.—The beds which bear this distance lower than on its east side. To reach the coal at familiar name have been sub-divided by Professor A. H. any point near or about the centre of Cheshire, we should Green as follows:— have to sink downwards first through the Triassic strata ist.—Grit, or Rough Rock, with feather-edge coal. (perhaps 5,000 feet), then the Permian (thickness doubtful), Shales, with a thin coal at the bottom near Buxton. and then through the upper coal-measures (1,000 feet?), 2nd.—Grit, or Haslingden Hags. which contain few and practically valueless coal-seams). Shales, with two or three thin coals. Thus although valuable coal-seams may be present, it is not 3rd.—or Roaches Grit. probable that they wiU ever be worked beneath the district Shales. on which stand the towns of Northwich, Nantwich, Crewe, 4th.—or KinJerscout Grit, generally in two beds. Knutsford, &c. The total thickness of these beds is as much as 2,000 feet, Further to the west the chances seem better; and it seems in the north-east of Cheshire, near Marple ; but they thin likely that coal lies within a workable distance beneath the out southwards considerably. The sandstones are very peninsula of Wirral; and also along West Cheshire from massive, and of a coarse grain—often conglomeratic in fact. Overton, by Holt to Chester. The feather-edge coal is a very variable seam, about 3 COAL RESOURCES OF CHESHIRE.—The Report of the Royal feet in thickness : it is finely exposed in the railway cuttings Commission on Coal Supplies, issued in 1905, estimates the and river cliff's, near New ]!Aills. coal remaining to be womed in connection witb the present The Millstone Grit can be traced from near Macclesfield, coal-fields of Cheshire at 170,800,570 tons ; which at the running north-east by Rainow, to New Mills, and thence present rate of consumption will sutiice for 435 years. along the Goyt to Marple : it also forms the moorland Scenei-y of East Cheshire.—The tract of land formed by region of the extreme north-east corner of Cheshire, between the old Carboniferous rocks, which we have just been de­ Longden Dale, Featherbed Moss and Hohne Moss, and is scribing, constitutes a bold and hiUy coimtry, forming the pierced by the Woodhead tunnel of the Manchester and west flank of the Pennine Chain. Several hills rise to a Sheffield raUway. Fine sections too are to be seen iilong height of above 1,000 feet, as Cloud Hill, near Congleton the course of the river Tame. Fossil remains of such plants (capped by 3rd Grit), 1,190 feet; Tegg's Nose,near Maccles- DIRECTORY.] CHESHIRE. 19 field (3rd Grit), 1,300 feet; source of the Goyt, 1,600 feet; singular purity from a deep well in the New Red Sandstone, Eddisbury HiU, 1,000 feet; Northern Nancy, near Kerridge, sunk at Whitmore station, on the recommendation of Pro­ 930 feet. The height of Marple Church is 624 feet; the fessor E. Hull, affording another proof of the importance of Cage in Lyme Park, 882 feet; Park Moor, south side of Lyme geological knowledge to our every-day life and interests. In Park, 1,350 feet, &c. East Cheshire the Bunter beds rise and crop out to form th^ The strike or direction of extension of the strata is north country between Gheadle, Wilmslow and Macclesfield ; and and south, and in this direction we see lines of hiUs and again, further south, at Checkley Green, &c.; all along this escarpments to run with wonderful regularity, the " scarps " fine their dip is to the west, at from two to four degrees. being formed of the hard sandstones, while the vaUeys between have been excavated by rivers out of the softer II. The Keuper Beds.—On the Continent we find thick shales. The whole country rises at once from the Plain of beds of a shelly Umestone—the Muschelkalk resting upon Cheshire on the west; it is cut off from it, in fact, by a j the Bunter, but these are absent in England, and we infer great line of dislocation, or break in the strata, known as that this region was probably elevated and formed dry land the Red Rock Fault, which has been traced along the west for a time, to sink again when the Keuper strata were being side of Congleton Edge by Astbury lime works, the North __. deposited. Confirmation of this Rode viaduct crossing the , Broad Oak Reservoir, "S S theory is obtained from the fact that Macclesfield, and thence nearly due north out of the county. ^ "^ where the junction of the Bunter and On the east side of this great fault the beds have been the Keuper beds is exposed, the former elevated several hundreds if not thousands of feet, and from „ are often s.ien to present a worn, the top of the elevated mass all the red sandstones and uneven or eroded surface, telling of a marls which once stretched continuously eastwards have long interval of time, during which been worn off. The hard beds of the Carboniferous forma­ they were exposed to denuding tion, however, have been better able to withstand denuda­ influences. tion, and now stand up in bold relief. Another dislocation, The lowest Keuper bed is a hard known as the Anticlinal Fault, runs parallel to the Red conglomerate, and above it come light Rock Fault, about 3 miles to the east of it. red, yellow or white sandstones, the " Basement Beds "yielding building THE "PERMIAN" FORMATION.—The Lower Red Sand­ stone of good qualitj'. Then come the stone is found on the east of Stockport, forming a tract I5 "Water-stones," so named by Mr. miles in width, and narrowing southward untU it ends east Ormerod, from an appearance on of Poynton. Many sections are shown in the banks of the the surfaces like watered silk,although Mersey, near Stockport, where the rock is seen to be a f ^ the term is now generally understood bright red, sometimes striped and mottled sandstone, very g to apply to the copious flow of water soft and crumbly, and without pebbles. The beds dip to |« which these beds yield when tapped the westwards. A little outlying patoh of Permians also fl by a boring. Next we get a great occurs at Torkington, near Hazel Grove ; the beds here are h'i oi thickness—over 2,000 feet —of Keuper only to be seen in the brook-courses. Recent researches ._ Red Marls, with beds of rock salt near have made it doubtful as to whether these Lower Permian ^ the base, and an irregular band called rocks are not in reality upper coal-measures. Further study If 5 the Upper Keuper Sandstone, about of the beds is needed before the question can be considered - 6 200 feet from the top. settled for this particular district. % f Most of the plain of THE TRIAS, OR NEW RED SANDSTONE.—It is in Cheshire J J of the Peckforton Hills is composed of that the Triassic formation attains its chief British develop­ Z ~, these Keuper beds, but the monotony ment, both in thickness and in the extent of surface occupied M ',. = of the surface is relieved by one or two by it. 1 = striking escarpments, which we will At first sight it seems almost hopeless to fix any definite •" = first describe. Between Malpas, Tar- lines marking sub-divisions, in the great mass of red sand­ f f porley and Frodsham, there exist stone and marls, which attain a total thickness m this i--^ several faults, running north and county of over 5,000 feet. But by long-continued and p t south, which, together with the un- patient work in the field, Professor E. HuU has been able to "^ equal hardness of the strata, have construct the following table of the Triassic strata, showing = ;= produced escarpments of considerable the various beds from below upwards ; and to trace and 'ji. is abruptness and altitude. The Peck­ map them at every point to which the formation extends. forton Hills rise to a height of nearly The maximum thickness of each bed in Cheshire is also 1,000 feet, as at Larkton HUl, Lee given. Cliff, Garden Cliff, Raw Head and Beeston (see iUustration). The west­ TABLE OF TRIASSIC ROCKS. ern slopes are formed of Bunter Keuper Marls with Upper Keuper sandstone, but the summit consists of Sandstone 3.000 feet I: the hard conglomerate basement bed Lower Keuper Sandstone (\^'ate^- of the Keuper. On the north and on stones) .„ 200 feet m the south these hills are cut off by (Basement Bed 250 feet w.r,-jL ^ cross-faults, and on the east their l/.'/'ll (2 boundary is a north and south fault Conglomerate Bed 10 feet with a downthrow to the east which Muschelkalk Wanting in England brings in the Keuper marls. Springs ( Upper Mottled Sandstone 600 feet burst out aU along the line of this east Bunter < Pebble Beds 800 feet fault, from Beeston Castle to Malpas, (^ Lower Mottled Sandstone 500 feet and a lode of copper ore has been I. The Bunter Sandstone.—Bnnter is a German word, and worked in it at Gallantry Bank. means variegated, in allusion to the bright and varied tints of the stone. As these are the lowest Triassic beds, we find it At Alderley Edge in the north-east them well exposed in the west of the county, and they, as of the county we get another elevation well as the overlying strata, have there a gentle dip or formed of Keuper sandstone and con­ inclination to the eastwards. The upper and lower Bunter IK glomerate. The Edge runs east and beds are soft reddish sandstones, whUst the pebble beds west for about 2 miles from Chorley m to Haresfield, and rises to a height of between contain vast numbers of well-rounded quartzite pebbles, and usually form the top of the first of the two ^ Y^ Jl' "a 650 feet. Carbonate of Copper occurs series of escarpments, which can be traced in most Triassic ^ ^'«''• n here also, but the ore is not now districts ; the second escarpment—further to the east—being worked; it is from the occurrence of copper ore in them due to the hard beds at the base of the Keuper division. that the Keuper beds derive their name, Keuper being de­ Very fine sections of the Pebble beds are exposed in the rived from Kupfer, the German word for copper ; some, banks of the Dee, at Holt; thence we can trace the Bunter however, would derive the term Keuper from another beds by Chester; and the various sub-divisions are well German word meaning clay or marl. Professor G. A. shown at several points in the peninsula of Wirral, both on Lebour, however, who is an authority on geological nomen­ the coast, as at Burton Point (junction of Pebble beds with clature, has kindly informed us that " Keuper " is a local Lower Mottled Sandstone), West Grange Hill, West Kirby, term (miners'patois in fact), appUed by the workmen, not Eastham (ditto), Hilbre Point, the " Red Noses " at New only to the metal, copper (Kupfer), but also to the rock Brighton (Upper Mottled Sandstone), and in various quarries impregnated with coppery ore. inland at Shotwick, Birkenhead, &c. The Bunter is a splen­ The Lower Keuper Sandstones are extensively quarried did water-bearing formation, and wells sunk in it near at Storeton Hill and New Brighton, near Birkenhead, and Birkenhead yield a total of more than seven millions of at Delamere, Manley, and in the Peckforton Hills. The gallons daily, whilst Liverpool obtains an equal quantity beds are often traversed by sun-cracks, and foot-prints from the same rock, on the northern side of the Mersey. of a remarkable amphibian—the Cheirotherium—are not un- The town and works of Crewe are supplied with water of CHESHIRE 2i)* 20 CHESHIRE. [KELLY*8 frequent on the surfaces of the slabs. These footprints bear Mackintosh, T. M. Reade, J. Lomas, Prof. P. F. Kendall, a rough resemblance to a human hand ; they are from 5 Dr. C Ricketts and others in investigating the deposits of to 7 inches in diameter. Rain-pittings, also, are not un­ clay, sand and gravel which are spread so thickly and (as a common upon ihe sandstones of the Keuper; and the whole) so continuously over the greater part of the plain cubical casts of salt crystals are frequent in the hard bands of Cheshire and Lancashire, To the early workers a triple of the marls. Almost the only true fossil found in the division appeared to have been made out, viz., an Upper and Keuper beds are the valves (looking like little shells) of the a Lower Boulder Clay, with sands and gravels between ; but phyllopod crustacean named E-itkeria minuta, which in­ later researches show that the various layers of boulder habited brackish water pools. clay, sand and gravel are irregular and discontinuous. The Keuper Marls with Rock Salt.—Beds of salt have long Boulder Clays are full of fragments of foreign rocks, most been known to exist in the Keuper Red Marls of Cheshire, of which have come from the Lake District, or the Sjuth of beneath the towns of Northwich, Winsford, Middlewich, Scotland, often striated and polished, and these appear to Sandbach, Lawton. Nantwich, &c. There are two beds of have been brought by glaciers moving southwards over the rock-salt; the first is found below Northwich at a depth of bed of the Irish sea. Countless numbers of the erratics 120 feet, and is 75 feet thick; it was discovered in 1670 have been broken up and destroyed, but in the Peel Public (luring a boring for coal. About a century later, an agent Park, at Macclesfield, a fine 30-ton block of gn^anite from of the Duke of Bridgwater bored 30 feet below the upper Ravenglass, in the Lake District, is wisely preserved. It salt bed and struck another—lower—bed of salt, which was dug out of the Boulder clay of the neighbourhood. turned out to be from 90 to 120 feet thick: of this fine From all the divisions of these Drift deposits many shells bed about 15 feet in thickness of the purest part is now and fragments of shells have been obtained by the geologists mined at Northwich. A great deal of brine is also pumped named above, and they are mostly of species which now up, and being evaporated about 25 per cent, of pure salt is inhabit the Northern or Arctic seas. Fine sections of these obtained. This brine comes chiefly from rain-water which glacial deposits are exposed at Dawpool, and at various has percolated through the upper salt bed. The effects of other cliff sections in Wirral, and they extend thence more the removal of thick masses of rock from beneath the surface or less all over the Keuper Red Marl of the Plain of have made themselves very seriously felt at Northwich. Cheshire, usually completely covering and masking the The surface there is gradually sinking, so that houses have strata below. to be removed or rebuilt, and quite a lake has been formed DEEP BORINGS IN CHESHIRE.—Attempts to discover the at one point, along the course of a small brook that ran nature of the rocks at considerable depths beneath the into the rivet Weaver ; further serious subsidences occurred surface have been made at several places in Cheshire. The in December, 1880. object has usually been to discover workable beds of coal, To explain the original formation of the salt we must though sometimes either beds of salt or a supply of water imagine the upper Triassic rocks (the Keuper Marls more has been the aim. Ttie following figures give particulars of especially) to have been deposited in great inland salt lakes. the strata passed through in a few of the principal bore­ The excessive saltness of the water and the quantity of salts holes :— of iron, &c., conveyed into it by rivers, were inimical to (i) Hazel Grove (between Stockport and Poynton): animal life, of which accordingly we find scarcely a trace. Glacial drift, 80 ft.; Bunter Sandstone, 30 ft. ; " Permian" Occasionally the waters were so concentrated as to deposit Marls and Sandstones, gi3 ft. ; c^al-measures for 644 ft.; their excess of salt upon the lake bottom in beds more or total depth, 1,667 ft. This place lies on the west or down­ less thick. Great quantities of carbonate of iron were throw side of the Red Rock Fault. brought down by the river waters, &c., and on exposure to (2) Sealands, near Chester (third boring) : Surface the air this was rapidly converted into peroxide of iron, by deposits, 79§ ft. ; Trias ("New Red Sandstone"), 859jft.; the escape of the carbonic aciJ. Such was the amount of upper coal-measures for 698 ft.; total depth, 1,637 ft. oxide of iron present that the minute particles of sand or (3) Congleton : Keuper Red Marls, 900 ft. mud, as they were deposited on the bottom, were each en­ (4) Marston (near Knutsford): Surface deposits, 31^ ft,; crusted with a pellicle of it, and the marls and sandstones Keuper Red Marls, 1764 ft. ; Keuper Sandstone, 708J ft.; consequently have a more or less deep red colour. Bunter (upper mottled) Sandstone for 106 ft.; total The amount of salt produced in 1875 in Cheshire was : — depth, 2,610 ft. White Salt 1,255,500 tons Rock Salt 105,000 tons PREHISTORIC MAN.—The remains of early man appear to be scarce in this county, but one or two important" finds" Total 1,360,500 tons have occurred. Of the Paleolithic or Older Stone Age no But in 1904 these figures had decreased to:— trace has been discovered in Cheshire. The following White (or Brine) Salt 1,187,442 tons examples of stone tools all belong to the Neolithic or Newer Rock Salt 53,780 tons Stone Age, which came to a close in Britain about 2000 B.C. A Neolithic celt, or stone axe, was found near Tranmere For 1908 returns see p. 2. which had part of its wooden handle still remaining; the Some at least of the various small lakes or meres which greater part of the wood had perished, but enough remained are dotted over the surface of Cheshire are owing to sub­ to show that the handle had passed in a slightly diagonal sidences of the surface caused by the dissolving of beds of direction towards the upper end of the stone ; it is now in salt which once lay beneath. The Keuper Red Marl used the Mayer Museum, at Liverpool. Again, the historian formerly to be largely dug and spread over the land as a top- Stukeley states that in cleansing the moat at Tabley, near dressing, and the hollows of old marl-pits may still be seen Knutsford, "they found an old British axe, or some such in many fields. It forms a rich and good soil where it thing, made of large flint, neatly ground into an edge, with occupies the surface, but it is usually overlaid by a greater or a hole in the middle to fasten into a handle ; it would serve less thickness of the surface deposits or "drift" shortly to for a battle-axe." Another perforated axe, made of grit, be described. and 7§ inches long, was found at Siddington, near Maccles­ THE RH^TIC BEDS AND LOWER LIAS.—There is a well- field. Mr. C. E. De Ranee records a quoit-shaped stone known Liassic outlier between Whitchurch and Market implement, 6 inches in diameter, from drift 20 feet below Drayton, the northern portion of which is in Cheshire. A the surface, at Stalybridge Railway Station, and a smaller line drawn from Burley Dam to Audlem marks its northern ring of stone was found in gravel near Macclesfield in i860. edge. Here we see red and variegated rubbly marls form­ ing the top of the Keuper. Then come the Rhaetic beds, A perforated axe, fashioned out of a piece of hard sand­ composed of very hard grey marls and black shales, capped stone, and 4§ inches in length, was found at Northenden, in by the shales and limestones of the Lower Lias. A fault 1883; and a round stone hammer, zh inches thick, with runs along the eastern edge of this outlier, which extends depressions on each face occurred at Gatley; hammer- southwards past Frees to Edstaston. stones, or mauls, probably used in ore-mining, have been ECONOMIC GEOLOGY.—The following figures give the met with at Alderley Edge; another stone axe, having a mineral products of Cheshire for the year 1904. They are hole worked in its broad end, and measuring 10 inches by official, being extracted from the Government annual publi­ 5 inches by 3 inches, is recorded from Weston Point. For a cation, Jlines and Quarries ; but they only include returns detailed account of these implements, which were used by from pits, &c., which exceed 20 feet in depth, so that in the the early inhabitants of this country at a time when metaU case of clay and gravel they are somewhat less than the were unknown, we must refer our readers to Sir John real amounts. For latest statistics see p. 2. Evans's fineJly-illustrated book. The Ancient Stone Implt- ments of Great Britain ; 8vo; London, second edition, 1897. PLEISTOCENE FORMATION : THE DRIFT.—Good work has been done by Messrs. G. E. De Ranee, W. Shone, D. W, JERCME HARRISON, F.G.S.