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Peltochelys Duchastelli» (Dollo, 1884) ISSN: 0211-8327 Studia Palaeocheloniologica IV: pp. 87-106 NEW SHELL REMAINS OF PELTOCHELYS DUCHASTELLI (DOLLO, 1884) FROM WESTERN AND MIDDLE EUROPE AND THE RISE OF TRIONYCHIDS (TESTUDINES: TRIONYCHOIDEA) [Nuevos restos de caparazones de Peltochelys duchastelli (Dollo, 1884) de Europa Occidental y Central e incremento de los Trionícidos (Testudines: Trionychoidea)] Hans-Volker KARL 1,2, Jesper MILAN 3,4 & Gottfried TICHY 5 1 Thüringisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie. Humboldtstraße 11. D-99423 Weimar, Germany. Email: [email protected] 2 Geoscience Center of the University of Göttingen. Department of Geobiology. Goldschmidtstraße 3. D-37077 Göttingen, Germany 3 Geomuseum Faxe. Østervej 2. 4640 Faxe, Denmark. Email: [email protected] 4 Department of Geography and Geology. University of Copenhagen. Øster Voldgade 10. 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark 5 University of Salzburg. Department of Geography and Geology. Hellbrunner Straße 32. A-5020 Salzburg. Email: [email protected] (FECHA DE RECEPCIÓN: 2011-11-09) BIBLID [0211-8327 (2012) Vol. espec. 9; 87-106] ABSTRACT: Turtle remains, first described by GRA bb E (1883) as Tretosternon punctatum Owen, 1842 from the early Cretaceous of Northwest Germany, are redescribed in detail. The material belonging to the species Peltochelys duchastelli Dollo, 1884 consists of some natural molds of carapace remains with a fine scar like surface, these remains are enclosed in the historic material which has been collected by Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Grabbe during the investigations for his doctoral thesis in the late 19th Century. The fossils are stored in the collections of the Geoscience Centre of Georg-August-University Göttingen, Germany. New material from Germany and Portugal is described, and the material from the © Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca Studia Palaeocheloniologica IV (Stud. Geol. Salmant. Vol. espec. 9), 2012: pp. 87-106 88 H.-V. KARL , J. MILAN & G. TICHY New shell remains of Peltochelys duchastelli (Dollo, 1884) from Western and Middle Europe and the rise of Trionychids (Testudines: Trionychoidea) Guimarota mine is revised. The material which is described here gives evidence of soft shelled turtle evolution. Key words: Upper Jurassic, Portugal, Lower Cretaceous, Belgium, Germany, Peltochelys duchastelli Dollo, 1884, new material, stratigraphical and palaeobiogeographical distribution. Resumen: Se describen en detalle restos de tortugas citadas por primera vez por GRA bb E (1883) como Tretosternon punctatum Owen, 1842 en el Cretácico temprano del noroeste de Alemania. El material pertenece a la especie Peltochelys duchastelli Dollo (1884) y se compone de unos moldes naturales de restos de caparazón con una superficie con finas marcas. Estos restos se incluyen en el material histórico recogido por Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Grabbe durante las investigaciones para su tesis doctoral en el siglo XIX. Los fósiles se guardan en las colecciones del Centro de Geociencias de la Universidad Georg-August de Göttingen (Alemania). Se describen nuevos restos de Alemania y Portugal, revisándose el material de la mina Guimarota. Lo que se describe aquí evidencia la evolución de los Trionícidos. Palabras clave: Jurásico Superior, Portugal, Cretácico Inferior, Bélgica, Alemania, Peltochelys duchastelli Dollo, 1884, nuevo material, distribución estratigráfica y paleo- biogeográfica. INTRODUCTION Peltochelys duchastelli was hitherto only known from the Wealden of Bernissart in Belgium (LAPPARENT DE BROIN , 2001; MEYLAN , 1988). The stratigraphical position of the Bernissart Wealden facies is Middle Barremian to earliest Aptian (Sainte-Barbe Formation, Mons Basin, Belgium) (YANS et al., 2005). GRA bb E (1883) described the actually rediscovered carapace remains as a member of Tretosternon punctatum OWEN , 1842 (Tretosternon Bakewelli Mantell), see also BENECKE (1884). Later, KO K EN (1887), ZITTEL (1889), and KUHN (1964, 1974) listed it as Tretosternon Bakewelli Mantell from the “Wälderthon des Bückeberg” without mentioning GRA bb E (1883) or BENECKE (1884) as the original sources. The original material described by Grabbe was thought to be lost, and his dissertation has been fairly unknown. Now, the authors have recognized these shell remains, collected by Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Grabbe, from the end of the 19th century, in the paleontological collections of the Geoscience Centre of the Georg-August-University in Göttingen. There, the complete documentation of his dissertation is stored. © Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca Studia Palaeocheloniologica IV (Stud. Geol. Salmant. Vol. espec. 9), 2012: pp. 87-106 H.-V. KARL , J. MILAN & G. TICHY 89 New shell remains of Peltochelys duchastelli (Dollo, 1884) from Western and Middle Europe and the rise of Trionychids (Testudines: Trionychoidea) SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY Order Testudines Linnaeus, 1758 Infraorder Cryptodira Cope, 1868 Superfamilie Trionychoidea Gray, 1825 (syn. Trionychoidea Fitzinger, 1826) (includes Peltochelyidae, Carettochelyidae, Trionychidae) Family Peltochelyidae Seeley, 1880 Genus Peltochelys Dollo, 1884 TAXONOMICAL NOTES: In the older literature a close relationship between Tretosternon Owen, 1842 and Peltochelys Dollo, 1884 was proposed. A detailed synonymy of Peltochelys Dollo, 1884 and Helochelydra Nopcsa, 1928 to Tretosternon Owen, 1842 is given by Mł Y N A R S K I (1976: 60). KUHN (1964) listed Peltochelys twice, as a member of the Dermatemydidae Gray, 1870 (KUHN , 1964: 54) and as a member of the Anosteirinae Lydekker, 1889 (KUHN , 1964: 183). According to MILNER (2004), OWEN (1842) initially described three Purbeck turtle taxa (Platemys bullockii, Chelone obovata, and Tretosternon punctatum) from four specimens (T. punctatum had two syntypes). Furthermore, all remains were located in private collections, none of them was figured or identified with a catalogue number, but they all were described in some detail. Of these four specimens, the holotype of Pleurosternon (‘Platemys’) bullockii survives with a continuous history of recognition and presents no taxonomic problems. The other three types were not referred subsequently by Richard Owen and were stated by LYDE kk ER (1889) as to be lost, a conclusion followed by all later workers. Purbeck- Wealden turtles with a characteristic pustulate ornament on the carapace, generally called Tretosternon. The genus includes the Purbeck species T. punctatum and the Wealden species T. bakewelli, whereas Tretosternon punctatum is based only on unfigured, supposed to be lost types, which lack the generally accepted characters of the genus. KUHN (1964) moved the early Cretaceous German material to Tretosternon bakewelli (Mantell, 1827) based on the stratigraphic differentiation. Now, according to MILNER (2004) it seems the best to continue to treat T. punctatum as a nomen dubium with a lost lectotype. The replacement of the generic name for this material has been determined by LAPPARENT DE BROIN & MURELAGA (1999) who showed that the next published synonym that unequivocally applies here is Helochelydra Nopcsa, 1928, created for an Isle of Wight Wealden ‘Tretosternon’ specimen. An unfortunate feature of Nopcsa’s paper was that he created the new genus Helochelydra without naming a species comprised in. This is an unacceptable taxonomic practice, but can be valid for genera © Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca Studia Palaeocheloniologica IV (Stud. Geol. Salmant. Vol. espec. 9), 2012: pp. 87-106 90 © Ediciones UniversidaddeSalamanca AUSTRALIA / SYST em SERIES STAG E AG E (M YA ) EURO pe ASIA N-Ame RICA N-AFRICA NEW GUIN E A Pleistocene/ Carettochelys Quaternary 2.588-0 Recent insculpta Piacenzian 3.6–2.588 New shellremainsof Pliocene Zanclean 5.332–3.6 Messinian 7.246–5.332 Carettochelys sp. Tortonian 11.608–7.246 Neogene Serravallian 13.82–11.608 Miocene andtheriseofTrionychids(Testudines:Trionychoidea) Langhian 15.97–13.82 carettochelyine Peltochelys duchastelli Studia Palaeocheloniologica Burdigalian 20.43–15.97 carettochelyine turtle Carettochelys sp. turtle Aquitanian 23.03–20.43 H .- Chattian 28.4–23.03 Allaeochelys parayrei V Oligocene . K Rupelian 33.9–28.4 Allaeochelys parayrei Anosteira ARL manchuriana Pseudanosteira , J. Allaeochelys anglica Anosteira pulchra ( Priabonian 37.2–33.9 shantungensis M Allaeochelys delheidi Anosteira ornata D ILAN Anosteira ollo, 1884)fromWesternandMiddleEurope Anosteira radulina IV mongoliensis & (Stud. Geol. Salmant.Vol.espec.9), 2012:pp.87-106 Anosteira G maomingensis . T Bartonian 40.4–37.2 Allaeochelys jimenezi Anosteira ICHY Eocene lignanica Palaeogene Burmemys magnifica Allaeochelys casasecai Lutetian 48.6–40.4 Allaeochelys parayrei (gracilis+crassesculpta) Ypresian 55.8–48.6 Thanetian 58.7–55.8 Palaeocene Seelandian 61.1–58.7 Danian 65.5–61.1 © Ediciones UniversidaddeSalamanca AUSTRALIA / SYST em SERIES STAG E AG E (M YA ) EURO pe ASIA N-Ame RICA N-AFRICA NEW GUIN E A New shellremainsof Anosteira Maastrichtian 70.6–65.5 shuwalovi Campanian 83.5–70.6 Santonian 85.8–83.5 Kizylkumemys sp . Upper Cretaceous Coniacian 88.6–85.8 andtheriseofTrionychids(Testudines:Trionychoidea) Turonian 93.6–88.6 Peltochelys duchastelli Kizylkumemys sp Cenomanian 99.6–93.6 Kizylkumemys Cretaceous shultzi H .- V Studia Palaeocheloniologica Albian 112–99.6 Peltochelys duchastelli . K Kizylkumemys ARL Aptian 125–112 Sandownia harrisi khoratensis , J. Lower (Dollo,1884)fromWesternandMiddleEurope Barremian 130–125 Peltochelys duchastelli M Cretaceous ILAN Hauterivian 133.9–130 Valanginian 140.2–133.9 & G Berriasian 145.5–140.2 Peltochelys duchastelli
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