accent (V) makes it sound clear, accents it vti2 pakāhkiwhnetaw accept accepts him, her, it vta pemēnōtaww A accepts it vti1 pemēnōtam answers him or her; accepts his or her proposal or invitation, comes to an agreement with him or her; a lot accepts him, her, it vta nahkōmw is numerous; there is much of it, a lot of it, there are answers it; accepts it vti1 nahkōhtam many of them, a lot of them vai1 mānw grabs, takes him, her, it, picks him, her, it up; adopts, is numerous; there is much of it, a lot of it, there are accepts him, her, it vta otāhpenw many of them, a lot of them vii mānt grabs, takes it, picks it up; adopts, accepts it vti1 much, many, a lot, lots part mqseh otāhpenam a ways off is taken up, adopted, accepted, passed vai2 a ways off, at a distance part wc otāhpenekāsow about is taken up, adopted, accepted, passed vii around, about, going about, moving continuously with otāhpenekātw varying direction prev papām- acceptably above thank you; in the proper way, acceptably part up above, upstairs part espmiah wwnen absent-mindedly accident moves, acts, does his, her, its work faultily, negligently, falls by accident vai7 pqcēhsen absent-mindedly vai1 pqsekwaceqtaw hurts him or herself by accident vai2 pqcehsow absolutely locks him or herself in by accident vai2 absolutely, really part yāhpec nahpātāhkwahosow absorb accidentally is absorbed, preoccupied with the thought of him, her, it accidentally, by accident, by error part pqc vta otāmnemw accidentally, by accident, by error prev pqc- is absorbed, preoccupied with the thought of it vti1 accompany otāmnehtam accompanies him, her, it, goes along with him, her, it, is abuse taken along by him, her, it vta wīcīww acts excessively upon it, abuses it; makes, takes, gets too accompany each other, go together vai2 wīciahtowak much of it vti2 osāmehtaw accord does something wrong with him, her, it; damages, of its own accord, automatically part pēns abuses him, her, it vta konpācehw accuse does something wrong with it; damages, abuses it vti2 accuses him or her vta aqtnw konpācehtaw accustom abusive trains him or herself, teaches or accustoms him or is angry, abusive vai1 nhkēnaww herself, practices vai2 nekācehsow accent (N) trains, teaches, accustoms him, her, it vta nekācehw speaks with such sound, such an accent vai1 enīwqnesew
1 accustomed acts upon (especially, injures or kills) him, her, it for gets, is accustomed to eating it vta nekātamw that reason vta ohcēhw gets, is accustomed to eating it vti1 nekātahtam acts upon (especially, injures or kills) it for that reason is accustomed vai1 nekātesew vti2 ohcēhtaw ace acts, moves there; grazes there vai1 tasēqtaw ace of diamonds phrase kānōw-pōhkeqkow acts, moves, does, works so vai1 esēqtaw one-eyed person, ace card na pōhkeqkow acts, moves, does, works so vii esēqtamakat ache acts, performs with supernatural power vai1 has pain, aches vai2 cēqnhnamow awtokēqtaw acts, works with that degree of strength, energy vai1 acid acid in the body; bile na osōsew ahpīhciwqtaw acts, works with that degree of strength, energy vii acorn ahpīhciwqtamakat acorn of pin oak, Hills oak na aphsemen attacks, sets upon, acts upon him, her, it for no acorn ni mqtekomen discernible reason, without cause or provocation; kills gathers acorns (a bear) vai2 mawēhsow him, her, it without cause vta pēnhsehw small nut (for example, acorn, walnut, butternut, beech attacks, sets upon, acts upon it for no discernible reason, nut, hazelnut) na pakānēhsh without cause or provocation vti2 pēnhsēhtaw acorn squash deals with, approaches him, her, it slowly; lets him, her, squash, small squash ni wīnmhkuahsh it act slowly vta nahkācehw acre deals with, approaches it slowly; lets it act slowly vti2 minute, second; acre ni tepāhekhsh nahkācehtaw small piece of land; acre ni ahkēhsh does, acts, works poorly, performs his, her, its work or across action badly vai1 macēqtaw at the far side, over across part akāmiah is taken by surprise; acts too quickly vai1 nanāsew halfway across a space part ayāphtawakam is there, acts there, is busy (there) at something vai1 on the other side, beyond, across part āsaw tasēkew straight across part kahkām looks at something, takes a look before going, acting act vai1 nawāsāpahcekw acts excessively upon him, her, it, makes, takes, gets too moves, acts for that reason vai1 ohcēqtaw much of him, her, it; mistreats him, her, it vta moves, acts too quickly vai1 wpiaceqtaw osāmehw moves, acts, does his, her, its work faultily, negligently, acts excessively upon it, abuses it; makes, takes, gets too absent-mindedly vai1 pqsekwaceqtaw much of it vti2 osāmehtaw moves, acts, works in a fumbling, hesitant way vai1 acts foolishly, performs his or her action or work in a tatātekīqtaw foolish way, ineptly vai1 wāwiaqneqtaw stops acting upon him, her, it, dealing with him, her, it; acts injuriously, destructively vai1 panāceqtaw leaves him, her, it alone vta pōnehw acts on, injures him, her, it by accident vta pqcehw stops acting upon it, dealing with it; leaves it alone vti2 acts on, injures it by accident vti2 pqcehtaw pōnehtaw acts purposefully; prepares, gets ready vai1 osēqtaw active acts unwillingly, is unwilling; hates doing what he or is always getting things done, is constructive, she does vai2 sākīnemow industrious, active vai1 osēhcekckiw
2 actually affiliate actually, as it finally turns out to have been, come to find works or is affiliated with a group vai1 wētāhkosew out, the way it has been all along part paykwac afflict actually, just simply; rather, as it were; like, as if part afflict each other (especially by warfare); tease each sew other vai2 kakāpocehtowak anyway; certainly, definitely, actually, even this part torments, afflicts him, her, it by teasing, insult, war vta pōc kakāpocehw Adam's apple afloat my Adam's apple ni nephkikōhtakan is in or on water, soaking, afloat vai7 akīhcen address (V) is in or on water, soaking, afloat vii akīhtw addresses him, her, it in Menominee vta afraid omqnomenēwenotaww is afraid of people, shy vai1 koqtapww adjunction is afraid, scared of him, her, it, fears him, her, it vta in adjunction, in continuation part ānhkow koqnw in adjunction, in continuation pren ānhkow- is afraid, scared of it, fears it vti1 koqtam adjust is frightened, afraid vai1 skesew adjusts him or herself in his or her seat vai1 nanāhapew African American falls into, lies in proper position; adjusts him, her, itself African American girl na apīsanāqsiahkīhsh as he, she, it lies vai7 nanāhehsen African American person na apēsanaq gets, is put in order, repaired, adjusted vai2 African American person na apēs-wmhtekōsew nanāhehcekāsow African American woman na apīsanāqsiahkiw gets, is put in order, repaired, adjusted vii after nanāhehcekātw after a while part nawēnaw puts it in order, adjusts, repairs it; reprimands, scolds when (in the past), whenever, after part kah-peh him, her, it vta nanāhehw when, after, then part kah- puts it in order, adjusts, repairs it vti2 nanāhehtaw after all admire to be sure, nevertheless, although, after all; in vain; isn't admires him, her, it vta moqnawenaww it so? part ānow admires it vti1 moqnawenam again adopt again, over again, back, one more; but prev yāh- grabs, takes him, her, it, picks him, her, it up; adopts, again, there you are again!, what with the usual way of accepts him, her, it vta otāhpenw things, what with your usual way part kamenah grabs, takes it, picks it up; adopts, accepts it vti1 again part yh otāhpenam also, and, again part mesek is taken up, adopted, accepted, passed vai2 constantly, over and over, over again, repeatedly prev otāhpenekāsow yāpec- is taken up, adopted, accepted, passed vii over again, back, one more part yāh otāhpenekātw age affair person of my age na nēc-ahpēhtesew way of being, occupation, affair, business; that kind of thing, that sort ni esēken agent chief, Indian agent, president na okēmāw way of being, occupation, affair, business ni esēkewen
3 is the chief; is the Indian agent vai1 okēmāwew all, everything part māwaw agreement always, all the time part ahpnenew answer each other; come to an agreement vai2 till all is gone, using all up prev mqc- nahkōhtowak all over answers him or her; accepts his or her proposal or everywhere, all over part mesas invitation, comes to an agreement with him or her; all right accepts him, her, it vta nahkōmw in front; in the future; anyhow, never mind, it will promise, agreement; marriage certificate, legal deed ni happen or turn out all right part menq wāwīhtamatwan that is the one, it is that (inanimate); there it is, it is ahead there; it is then; that's it, good, all right; enough pro in front of me, before me, ahead of me; in the future eneq before me part nemnqtameh yes, all right, come on; well, well then; you're welcome on ahead a ways; meanwhile part ahpēqc part nahāw air almost is full of smoke (the air) vii wīnosāhkwat almost, just barely phrase nskn new kan airplane almost, nearly; pretty soon part sakanah bird, airplane na pmeqnt almost prev ām- alarm (N) alone fire alarm na eskōtw-twhekan alone, off by oneself part tepēh speaks in warning, gives alarm vai1 ayākuameqnsew alone, off by oneself prev tepēh- alcoholic alone part nahqs drinks something; is an alcoholic vai6 menuah entirely alone, lost part wawān alder is entirely alone, has no relatives vti2 wawānehtaw alder na watōp is off alone, by him or herself vti2 pakuanawēhtaw alight lives alone (a woman) vai1 mūsāpiahkiwew alights, settles (a bird) vai1 pweqtaw lives alone, is unmarried vai1 mōsāpwew alike off alone, far from other people part nahāqc evenly, equally, alike, like; exactly opposite; at the same sits alone vai1 mōsakapew time part tepāh stands alone vai1 nahqsekapowew all stands off alone somewhere vii pakuanawāqtw all in all, all together, in total, in sum, in all part mah- stands off alone vai1 mōsakapowew māwaw stands off alone vii mōsakapowew all in one place, collectively part nayqtah stays alone in the house or camp; watches or tends the all of them part māmāwaw house or camp during the others' absence vai1 nūtikw all sorts, all kinds, various, variously, in all manner of along ways; improper phrase kan-kawāh along with others, along prev wēc- all sorts, some, any sort part wēyak along, together with something or someone else, at the all together, the whole group part māwac same time part kōnaw all together, the whole group prev māwac- along part wēc all, entire, all over (one's body), everywhere part having something, provided, along (with) part kekēh mesēww set about an act, go ahead and; in passing, by, on along
4 prev pemīm- ancestor together with, with (something or someone) along pren elder, old person, ancestor na keckīw kekēh- far back in ancestry part ayākīhtaw already our ancestors na kekckyamenawak already part sewas our ancestors na kemāmāh-enniamenawak also anchor also, and, again part mesek anchor ni sakāhkwahekan also, too part ap and also, too part men new also, and, again part mesek also part men and, also; but, however part th and, also; but, however part th anger (V) too, also; for his, her, its part, as for him, her, it part nap anger each other vai2 nhkēhetowak although angers him or her by speech vta kesēmw to be sure, nevertheless, although, after all; in vain; isn't angers him or her by speech vta nhkēmw it so? part ānow angers him, her, it vta nhkēhw always angry always, all the time; gone part ahpn are angry at each other vai2 nhkōseqtatowak always, all the time part ahpnenew gets him, her, it too angry vta osāmenawhw always, used to, habitually prev kew- gets mad, angry vai2 wpeketāsow always, without fail part nānenāqnonak gets, is angry vai1 nhkōsew from there on it will always be phrase ahpn pah gets, is angry vii nhkōsemakat ambush is angry at him, her, it vta nhkōseqtaww attacks him, her, it from a hidden position, ambushes is angry at him. her, it vta nhkōsenaww him, her, it vta mōhkqtaww is angry, abusive vai1 nhkēnaww attacks it from a hidden position, ambushes it vti1 is excessively angry vai1 osāmenaww mōhkqtam is terribly angry vai2 wēqsakeketasow American makes him or her angry by speech vta white American who has married into the tribe na wēqsakenawmw mōhkomānohah thinks of him, her, it for that reason; is angry at him, white American woman na mūhkomāniahkiw her, it for that reason vta ohtnemw ammunition animal ammunition bag na pīhtaqswan animal other than a bird; animal spirit na mantōw amok big, old person or animal na mc-ayāh acts crazily, runs amok vai1 kēwansew domestic animal na tanāw amount female animal na okōw a fair amount, distance, time part manēwān male animal; stag, buck na ayāpw a great amount; quite a distance part manīnākīn rides on the back of an animal; rides a bike, motorcycle in sufficient amount, numbers part tpīn vai2 nayōmekow is the amount, is so much, is this much part yōq-nekoh spirit, manitou; being or person with special power; to a vast amount prev apq- animal na awtok waters his or her animals vai2 menāhaqsow
5 young female animal; female of domestic animals na anus okōhsh my rear end, butt, anus dni necēh ankle any my ankle na nephkikanākan any part nōh anklet anyhow sock, small sock, anklet ni kūhkometīhsh in front; in the future; anyhow, never mind, it will announce happen or turn out all right part menq announces, heralds vai1 saqnaww anyone annoy someone, anyone pro weyak annoys him, her, it vta mianāciahkaww anything is bothersome, mean, annoying vai1 anything you please, anything at all phrase nās new wēyātnehtakosew eneh makes an annoying noise vti1 mianātītam something, anything; in some way pro kkōh annuity anyway has (someone as) a father; goes to his or her father for anyway, nonetheless, though one may not like it part something; goes to get his or her government annuity ceyāw vai1 owōhnew anyway; certainly, definitely, actually, even this part pay, wages; government annuity, payment of annuity ni pōc tepāhotwan anywhere anoint somewhere, anywhere part kotqnas rubs him, her, it with something; paints, daubs, smears, apart anoints him, her, it; misinforms, fools him or her vta things set apart; Indian reservation ni eskōnekan sesuahw appear rubs it with something; applies a small amount of it with appears in the taste of something vii mūhpokwat a brush; paints, daubs, smears, anoints it vti1 sesuaham appears in, from him, her, it vta mōhkeskaww another appears so, looks so vai1 enāpamenākesew a different one, another, another one ni kaynet appears so, looks so vii enāpamenākwat is different, is another vai1 kaynesew appearance is different, is another vii kaynet changes in appearance, has a changed appearance vai1 answer kohkēnākosew answer each other; come to an agreement vai2 changes in appearance, has a changed appearance vii nahkōhtowak kohkīnākwat answers him or her; accepts his or her proposal or transforms his or her appearance vai2 yācenakihow invitation, comes to an agreement with him or her; transforms his, her its appearance vai2 kohkīnākihow accepts him, her, it vta nahkōmw apple answers it; accepts it vti1 nahkōhtam apple juice, cider ni mēqsemenāpoh ant apple tree na mēqsemenāhtek ant na nek apple na mēqsemen ant na nekōhsh thorn apple tree na mēnēhsakh antler Appleton his or her horn (as tool), a horn, antler dni wēwen Appleton (WI) place name Ahkōnemeh
6 at Appleton (WI) place name 'S Wāwēyāhpetah locks arms with him or her vta nāpenhkinw apply my forearm dni nenāpākan places, applies, uses it properly vta pckehsemw my hand, arm dni nenh places, applies, uses it properly vti2 pckehnetāw my upper arm, my biceps dni nhcēwwak appreciate someone's hand, arm; inch ni menh I am glad to accept, I'm glad to do it, I appreciate that, arm garter certainly, right away part wayēpac arm garter na kqcēhcewp apprehensive arm garter ni kkacewpiyan is apprehensive, in a state of fear vai2 cēqtannemow armpit is apprehensive, scared vai1 cēqtansew washes his or her armpits; washes his or her hands vai1 is shy of him, her, it, shies away from him, her, it; is kesēqnenhkiw apprehensive, scared of him, her, it vta cēqtanehw army approach army officer na semākanes-okēmāw approaches him, her, it vta nāshkaww around approaches it vti1 nāshkam all around the water's edge part kiaqtakam deals with, approaches him, her, it slowly; lets him, her, all the way around a place part kiaqc it act slowly vta nahkācehw around a bend, turning a corner part kohkw deals with, approaches it slowly; lets it act slowly vti2 around, about, going about, moving continuously with nahkācehtaw varying direction prev papām- sneaks up close, stealthily approaches something vai1 cuts it in a curve; cuts around it vta wacksīw kēmōshkacekw cuts it in a curve; cuts around it vti1 wacksam sneaks up on it, stealthily approaches it vti1 goes around and around, spins around vai1 kēmōshkam wāweyakskaw sneaks up on it, stealthily approaches it vti1 goes around and around vai1 tetqtepskaw nawēnham goes around and around vii tetqtepskaw sneaks up on, stealthily approaches him, her, it vta arrange kēmōshkaww arranges his or her hair in a coiffure vai1 sneaks up on, stealthily approaches him, her, it vta nanāhawnekw nawēnhw arranges it (hair) in a coiffure, in a knot; arranges his or approximately her hair vti1 nanāhawnam approximately part cēkenaw arranges permanently for him, her, it vta onāhkonw April arranges permanently for it; arranges it permanently vti1 April na Sūpomāhkwan-kēsoq onāhkonam apron arranges things permanently vai1 onāhkonekw apron ni wīweniyhpes is permanently arranged for vai2 onāhkonekāsow argue is permanently arranged for vii onāhkonekātw out-talks, out-argues him or her vta anīwetonāmw is put in place, arranged, instituted, founded vii arm onāqtw has a scab, scar on his or her arm vai1 omkehceww lies in place, ready; is arranged vii osēhnen is hairy on, under his or her arms vai1 mēqsenhkiw puts him, her, it (animate) right, in place, in order, lacks an arm vai1 kēskenhkiw arranges him, her, it (animate); sets it (a clock) vta
7 onāqnw as is to be expected puts it right, in place, in order, arranges it; sets it (for of course, naturally, as is to be expected; in the example, a table, a thermostat); makes it up (a bed) vti2 meantime part pāhpesew onāqtaw as it seems arrest (V) in a way, as it were, as it seems part mamiaqs holds him, her, it with his or her hand, seizes or holds in a way, as it were, as it seems part miaqs him, her, it tight; arrests him or her; sues him or her vta as it were tahkōnw actually, just simply; rather, as it were; like, as if part takes hold of people; arrests people vai1 tahkōneww sew arrive in a way, as it were, as it seems part mamiaqs arrives vai1 piatw in a way, as it were, as it seems part miaqs arrives vii piatmakat as you should know speeds, glides, flies to the destination, arriving vai2 as you should know, as I see it part nenaq piatwepesow ash tells him or her the news, message, story to the end; buries him, her it; covers him, her, it with sand, earth, arrives with the message for him or her vta ashes vta anīkwahw piatwācemīqtaww burns him, her, it to death, to ashes vta arrow yāhpethnaqsiw arrow, someone's arrow ni mēp dust, ashes ni phkīh four sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīwuahtek gets, is covered with sand, earth, ashes vai2 my arrow dni nēp anīkoskosow two sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīsuahtek has dust or ashes on him, her, it, is dusty or soiled with where the arrows or bullets fly, in battle part ashes vai1 phkōwew nānqtyah has dust or ashes on it, is dusty or soiled with ashes vii arrowhead (plant) phkōwew white tuber, arum-leaved arrowhead na wāpesīhpen has dust, ashes on his or her face vai2 phkōweqkow art the last, white ashes ni sēkohnāqtw art (building) ni wsēhonikamek ash (tree) art room ni wsēhon pīhtawīhkenekan cedar needles, leaves; berry of the prickly ash ni artichoke sqsomācekan sweetroot, wild artichoke na askīpuaw white ash tree na kāhphnak as best as one can ashamed as best as one can, at any rate part news bashful, ashamed vai1 tekīsew as for is ashamed of him, her, it; is ashamed, bashful before too, also; for his, her, its part, as for him, her, it part nap him, her, it vta tekīseqtaww as I see it is ashamed of it vti1 tekīseqtam as you should know, as I see it part nenaq is ashamed to be seen with him or her vta as if tekīsenhnw actually, just simply; rather, as it were; like, as if part ask sew asks him or her a question vta kocēmonw asks him or her to go along vta pecēnw
8 asks it a question vti1 kocēmotam wētōhkam asks questions, inquires vai1 kocēmocekw astonish yes, I see, oh, I take it; yes, gladly; may one ask?, may astonishes, overwhelms him or her (as with a gift) vta one assume?, I should say - can one ask? part ōh māmahkacehw ask for finds serious fault with him, her, it, is unpleasantly asks for something, for things; begs vai1 natōcekw astonished at him, her, it vta ānīnemw asks him or her for it vta natōtamoww finds serious fault with it, is unpleasantly astonished at it calls it; calls, asks for it vti1 natōtam vti1 ānīnehtam calls, asks for, invites him, her, it vta natōmw at any rate is asked for, called for, wanted vai2 natōcekasow as best as one can, at any rate part news is asked for, called for, wanted vii natōcekatw so much, so far, no more, enough, just; at any rate, of course part kh asleep falls asleep readily vai2 wwīpehkwamow at last at last; for the last time part ayāckwat is asleep (his or her foot) vai1 sāqsahkesetw in the end, finally, at last part ahkōqsek is asleep (his or her hand) vai1 sāqsahkenhciw pretends to be asleep vai2 nephkasow at least only that, please; only so much, I beg; do just please!; at assault least part nekōqc springs at, assaults him, her, it vta kotāpāmw at once springs at, assaults it vti1 kotāpāhtam at once, right away, quickly part pāpek assemble attach assemble, collect themselves all together vai7 drops off from where it is attached vai7 pahkhsen māwacēhsenok is attached, is hanging on something; is sewn double assemble, collect themselves all together vii vai1 sakēqtaw māwacēhnenon is attached, is hanging on something; is sewn double vii assemble vai2 māwacēhnetowak sakēqtaw assemble vai2 māwacehtowak pulls him, her, it up, out from where he, she, it is assembles it, them; piles them up vta māwatīhsemw attached vta paskōnw assembles it, them; piles them up vti2 māwatīhnetaw pulls it up, out from where it is attached vti1 paskōnam assembles it vti2 māwatīqtaw sticks tight, is attached, clings vii akīqtaw assembles people, holds an assembly vai1 attack (N) māwacēhsemeww suffers an attack or stroke vai1 messew assembles, gathers him, her, it, them, brings them all attack (V) together vta māwacēhsemw attack him, her, it together, set to work at him, her, it in assembles, gathers it, them, brings them all together vti2 force vta māmāwōhkawwak māwacēhnetaw attack it together, set to work at it in force vti1 lies assembled, heaped up vai7 māwatīhsen māmāwōhkamok lies assembled, heaped up vii māwatīhnen attacks him, her, it from a hidden position, ambushes associate him, her, it vta mōhkqtaww associates, cooperates, plays with him, her, it vta attacks him, her, it vta kenskaww wētōhkaww attacks him, her, it vta makōskacehw associates, cooperates, plays with it; takes part in it vti1 attacks it from a hidden position, ambushes it vti1
9 mōhkqtam aunt attacks it vti1 kenskam my aunt (father's sister, mother's brother's wife) dna attacks someone, people from ambush vai2 neskih mōhkqtawekow my aunt (mother's sister); my stepmother; daughter of attacks, sets upon, acts upon him, her, it for no any man who is nesēh dna nenīh discernible reason, without cause or provocation; kills automatically him, her, it without cause vta pēnhsehw of its own accord, automatically part pēns attacks, sets upon, acts upon it for no discernible reason, automobile without cause or provocation vti2 pēnhsēhtaw car, automobile na atamōpen runs at, attacks him, her, it vta nātentuanw car, automobile na osāqsapikan-otācekwan runs at, attacks it vti1 nātentuatam car, automobile na sīqsepikan-otācekwan attain autumn reaches, attains it vti2 tpahtaw autumn snow na kēmahoww reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready part tp is autumn, fall vii takuakōwew reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready prev tp- last autumn ni takuak attend the first snow that falls in autumn na kawāskahekw busy themselves one with the other, attend to each avoid other; pick lice from each other; come together vai2 avoids, forbids it; makes a taboo of it vai2 sasāhkow tasiahkatowak awful attend to drinks too much; is awful, really bad vai1 osāmeqsew attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses him, her, it vta awl pemnw awl ni ohkānh attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses it vti1 axe pemnam axe ni ennāph attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses someone, people handle, axe handle ni osētāh vai1 pemneww splits it with an axe vta paqsekahw busies him or herself with him, her, it, attends to him, splits it with an axe vti1 paqsekaham her, it; plays with him, her, it; picks lice from him, her, it vta tasiahkaww busies him or herself with it, attends to it vti1 tasiahkam makes him, her, it respectable; respects, attends carefully to him, her, it vta menācehw makes it respectable; respects it, attends carefully to it vti2 menācehtaw attention pays attention to it, takes care of it vti1 tatākanam attractive looks attractive vai1 menuapamenākesew looks attractive vii menuapamenākwat August August na Mēn-kēsoq
10 backbone my backbone dna neshph backwards moves backwards, backs out vai1 asīqtaw B runs back, backwards; climbs, comes down backwards vai4 asīpahtaw speeds, glides, goes back, backwards vii asīpetw baby bacon baby na pepēhsh bacon na wīskwaqsow little child, baby na nīcianōhsh bad newborn baby, little baby na kūqtitq bad, badly part macēq bachelor bad pren macēq- single man, bachelor na mōsāpwew has bad breath vai7 menūkiton back is a bad place, bad land; is a bad state of affairs vii behind a tree or wooden obstacle, in the back of part matāhkamekat ākawāhtek is a bad road, are bad (the roads) vii macīpaniw back (adv) is bad at something, at things, is inept vai1 macēskesew again, over again, back, one more; but prev yāh- is bad, evil-looking, ugly vai1 matsew back, in back, in the rear; in the past part otīh is bad, evil-looking, ugly vii matt back, in return; for his part, in his poor way, poor fellow is in bad shape, goes bad, gets or is in a bad situation; part nāp grows poorly vai1 macēkew far back in ancestry part ayākīhtaw is in bad shape, goes bad, gets or is in a bad situation; in back of me, behind me, in my past ni netūtīmeh grows poorly vii macēken over again, back, one more part yāh is too bad, regrettable vii kasknehtakwat speeds, glides, goes back, backwards vii asīpetw is unruly, troublesome, crazy; starts off in a bad, foolish back (N) way; has the start of an attack of illness, of a stroke vai1 gets down on his, her, its back, lies down in supine wpesew position vai1 neceneqtaw it's too bad, it's regrettable, it was wasted, you wasted it has scars, scabs on his, her, its back vai7 part ayētn omkephkwan looks bad, looks funny vai1 matāpamenākesew my back dni nephkwan looks bad vii matāpamenākwat my back dni nhphkwan bad luck stands back; stands with his, her, its back turned vai1 has bad luck vai1 maqnakosew asīkāpowew bad news takes, carries a load on his, her, its back vai2 nayāhow tells him or her bad news vta matācemīqtaww takes, carries him, her, it on his or her back vta badger nayāhw badger pelt, skin na mqnakwahkakom back (V) badger na mqnakwah moves backwards, backs out vai1 asīqtaw badly back and forth badly prev macēq- back and forth, by turns, reciprocally part āyīsoh does things badly, does a poor job; he or she is a bungler
11 vai2 macēqtāhkow bandage (V) lies badly, is in a poor position; goes bad vai7 macēhsen is tied on, tied up; ties him or herself up; bandages him lies badly, is in a poor position; goes bad vii macēhnen or herself vai2 akuahpesow bag ties him, her, it tight, ties something tight to him, her, it; ammunition bag na pīhtaqswan harnesses, hitches him, her, it up vta akuahpenw bag ni menūtīh ties it tight, ties something tight to it; bandages it vti2 akuahpetaw black bag ni mahkātwaskemot ties, wraps him, her, it; bandages him, her, it vta cloth bag ni pākeweyānaskemot wēwahpenw five fillings, bagsful, cupsful part niananōsken ties, wraps it; bandages it vti2 wēwahpetāw four fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nīwōsken bang my bag dni nemūtīh bangs down on something hard vai7 nūhtakiwhsen one filling, bagful, cupful part nekōtōsken bangs down on something hard vii nūhtakiwhnen pouch, small bag ni menūtīhsh bangs him, her, it down vta cīhkihsemw six fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nekūtuasetāhnōsken bangs it down vti2 cīhkihnetāw so many fillings, bagsful, cupsful part tahnōsken falls with a bang vai7 cīhkihsen ten fillings, bagsful, cupsful part metātahnōsken bank three fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nqnōsken bank ni sūniyanikamek two fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nīsōsken bank (river) bake by the shore or bank, close to the water's edge part bakes, makes bread vai1 pahkīsekanew cīkesitm bakes, roasts something, prepares a roast vai2 apōw lives by the shore, bank of it, near it (a body of water) baking powder vti1 wīkiahtam baking powder ni ohpcīsekhsh on the beach or bank, at the water's edge ni sītemih yeast, baking powder ni pcīsekan baptize bald sprinkles, splashes, waters him, her, it; bastes it; is bald, has a smooth head vai1 sūskīhkethpw baptizes him or her vta sīkahapuanw is bald-headed vai1 moqcekethpw bar (tavern) ball bar, tavern ni sēkenekwikamek ball na watōw barber plays ball vai2 pākahatōw barber na mōhsow enniw baloney bare sausage, baloney; a piece of an animal's gut; his entrail is bare-headed vai1 moqcethpw ni onākes is bare-skinned, naked vai1 moqtahakw balsam fir barefoot balsam fir na pekēwāhtek goes barefoot vai1 sāhsakēhnw tree needle; cedar or balsam boughs na shtāk barely banana almost, just barely phrase nskn new kan banana na pannas scarcely, barely, with difficulty part nskn bandage (N) bark (of tree) bandage, poultice ni akuahpeswan bark basket ni mahkātwaskemot
12 bark house ni wanākhkikamek basket bark, piece of bark na wanākh bark basket ni mahkātwaskemot basswood bark; rope made of basswood bark ni wēkop basket ni ahkhkopenākan birch bark ni wīkīh basket ni kāhkopenākan birch, white birch; birchbark na wīkīhsāhtek bass (fish) birch-bark wall ni wīkīhsapah bass (fish) na aqsekan gathers basswood bark vai1 manīwīkīhsw crappie, silver bass na sāqsakīqsahkwan gathers basswood bark vai1 wēkopēhkw rock bass, river bass na sīpiah-aqsekan gathers, prepares kinnickinnick vai1 silver bass na osāqsapīqsahkwan ahpsāwānhkw spotted bass na mianaqsekan has, is bark vai1 wanākhkowew Bass Lake has, is bark vii wanākhkowew Bass Lake place name Aqsekan Nepēhsh inside bark of cedar tree ni kēshkekop basswood kinnickinnick, red willow bark that is mixed with ball of (basswood) twine ni phkūcian tobacco ni ahpsāwān basswood bark; rope made of basswood bark ni wēkop slippery elm bark ni osāqsekop basswood tree na wēkopemeh bark (V) gathers basswood bark vai1 manīwīkīhsw barks at him, her, it vta mekēnw gathers basswood bark vai1 wēkopēhkw barks at it (a dog) vti1 mekētam twine of basswood cord ni pīmenāhkwan barks; chatters (a squirrel) vai1 mekēw bastard barn bastard na kēmenciakan barn ni tanāwikamek baste cow barn, cattle barn ni peshkiwikamek sprinkles, bastes, splashes things vai1 sīkahapuacekw stable, horse barn ni psekokasiwikamek sprinkles, splashes, waters him, her, it; bastes it; barracks baptizes him or her vta sīkahapuanw barracks, fort ni semākanehsīwikamek sprinkles, splashes, waters it; bastes it vti1 sīkahapuatam barrel bat (animal) barrel ni tetqtepahān bat na wnūkānahkwah baseball bathroom game of lacrosse, baseball ni pākahatuan bathroom phrase kew-kesēqseh lacrosse, baseball player na pākahatōw little house; bathroom ni wēkeyamēhsh bashful battercake are shy, bashful before each other vai2 kuqsyatowak pancake, battercake na sīkahapuan bashful, ashamed vai1 tekīsew bay is a shy, bashful person vai1 kuqsyacekckiw bay ni wānaqtw is a shy, bashful person vai2 tekīsehkow bay ni wīhkit is ashamed of him, her, it; is ashamed, bashful before forms a bay, there is a bay vii wānaqtwew him, her, it vta tekīseqtaww be is shy, bashful before him, her, it vta kuqsyanw gives up, abandons his, her, its intention or attempt vai1 is shy, bashful before it vti1 kuqsyatam nīhniqtaw basin is (so-and-so) vai1 āwew
13 is (so-and-so) vii āwemakat beam is (such-and-such) vii āwew its roof-beam, the roof-beam of the house dni oshph is faulty, neglected; is neglectful, absent-minded vai1 bean pqsekwatsew bean leaf ni maskūcīhsepak is the one vai1 w bean na maskūcīhsh is the one vii w bear (N) is there in the dark vii kīskanītephkaqtw bear na awhsh is there; there is some vii īmakat bearskin ni awhshsakom leaves, abandons him, her, it vta nekānw brown bear na osāwahkwah leaves, abandons it vti1 nekātam young bear that has made its first den na oskēh-tepēh- be at a loss apēw is at a loss about it, thinks it is a confused matter vti1 bear (V) nqswanātnehtam bear each other a grudge vai2 ketēskenēhtowak be left over bears young; bears interest (money) vii penīmakat has it left over vta eskīhsemw bears young vai1 penīw has it left over vti2 eskīhnetaw stops bearing children, offspring; passes or has passed be on the lookout the bearing age, the change of life vai1 pūnūhsiw watches for, is on the lookout for him, her, it vta beard ahkōnhw beard, short hairs on the chin ni mēqneton watches for, is on the lookout for it vti2 ahkōnhtaw facial hair; whiskers, beard, mustache na mēqnetonākan be that way has a beard vai1 mēqnetonw develops, happens, is that way; are like that (things) vii has facial hair, beard and (or) mustache vai7 mēqneton esēkemakat beat beach (N) beats the water drum vai1 tōwahkhkow gets him, her, it up on the beach vta shkehsemw beats, thrashes him, her, it with a stick vta gets it up on the beach, beaches it (a canoe) vti2 kāhkawakanamw shkehnetāw beats, wins from him or her vta anēhw on the beach or bank, at the water's edge ni sītemih gets beaten vai2 pakāhcekasow white sand on a beach ni wāpāmh gets beaten vii pakāhcekatw bead hit, beat each other vai2 pakāhtowak bead, beads na mēkhsēhsh hits something, beats things; strikes (lightning); comes china bead, wampum bead; chinaware, china na (thunder) vai1 pakāhcekw pēqsemek hits, strikes, beats, threshes him, her, it vta pakāmw does beadwork vai1 mēkhsēhshkw hits, strikes, beats, threshes it vti1 pakāhtam is embroidered with beads vai2 mēkhsekuasow is beaten by the wind, flaps in the wind vii is embroidered with beads vii mēkhsekuatw pāhpakqnen wampum bead, cowrie shell na mēkes is beaten by the wind vai1 pahpāwqsew beak spanks, beats him, her, it with a stick, whips him, her, it has a nose, beak vai1 ociasew with a switch vta pāhpakecehkhw his or her nose, its beak dni ocias spanks, beats him, her, it with a stick, whips him, her, it my nose, beak dni necias with a switch vta pāhpakesikanhw
14 beaver beer beaver pelt, skin na namhkwakom beer ni pēqtwapoh beaver na namh brewer (one who makes beer) na sopa* because beetle too much, too far; because part osām dung beetle na mīhhkw too much, too far; because prev osām- insect, beetle na otāqsowew bed winged beetle that appears on carrion; person of dirty bed ni nepākan habits or foul speech na wēnehknāh crib, small bed ni nepākhsh before gets, chases him or her out of bed vta onēnesehw part c-kānih is put in place, in order; it (table) is set; it (bed) is made before, until part c-kanah up vii onāqcekatw beforehand, before other action, first part nawāc lays out matting or bedding, prepares a bed vai1 beforehand, before other action, first prev nawāc- onānāhkīhcekw beforehand part kēsāc lies in place, ready; lies down, goes to bed vai7 osēhsen first in time, earliest, at first, before part nqtam props, forces him or herself up; forces him or herself up first in time, earliest, at first; before prev nqtam- from bed vai2 oniahkwahosow in front of me, before me, ahead of me; in the future puts it right, in place, in order, arranges it; sets it (for before me part nemnqtameh example, a table, a thermostat); makes it up (a bed) vti2 beg onāqtaw asks for something, for things; begs vai1 natōcekw urinates in his or her sleep, wets his or her bed vai2 begs for things; prays vai1 mamiahtocekw sekīhkwamow begs from him, her, it vta anāwqtaww bedbug begs from it vti1 anāwqtam bedbug na mnōkoset (awtokēhsh) begs from people, goes begging vai2 anāwqtawekow bedframe begs vai1 anāww bedstead, bedframe ni nepākanāhtek begin bedstead begins (sound, noise) vii wpīww bedstead, bedframe ni nepākanāhtek begins (the event), begin (the goings-on) vii bee wpahkamekat bee na āmōw begins eating vai1 wpahcekw honey ni āmōw-sōpomah begins, begins his, her, its movement, action, or work honeybee na sōpomah-āmōw vai1 wpeqtaw honeybee na sōpomāhkow-āmōw begins vii wpeqtamakat beech start to, begin to prev wp- beech (tree, stick) na sāwmenāhtek beginner beech na sāwmeh beginner na oskēh-wpeqtah beech nut beginning small nut (for example, acorn, walnut, butternut, beech at first, formerly, a long time ago, at the beginning, in nut, hazelnut) na pakānēhsh the beginning part yawes beef beginning, from there on; beginning, from then on part beef ni peshkiw-mēcemēhsh wp
15 behave bend makes him, her, it behave well; chastises, punishes him, curves, bends (the road) vii wākepanīw her, it, teaches him, her, it a lesson vta mhnāwehw is crooked, bent, curved vai1 wākekew behind presses, bends him, her, it back vta sāqsaknw behind a tree or wooden obstacle, in the back of part presses, bends it back vti1 sāqsaknam ākawāhtek stands bending over vai1 nēkekapowew behind the tree part āsawāhtek bend over behind, beyond something, cut off from vision part crouches, stoops, bends over vai1 nēkeqtaw ākaw benefit come one behind the other, go in line vai2 ahkōtowak benefits from that vai1 ohtāmātesew in back of me, behind me, in my past ni netūtīmeh benefits from that vai1 ohtsew belatedly berate tardily, belatedly; only now, after the proper time part berate each other, quarrel vai2 kēhkāhtowak kaneyh berates, insults him, her, it by speech vta kēhkamw belch berates, insults it by speech vti1 kēhkāhtam belches, burps vai2 mkahcow insults, berates people, quarrels vai2 kēhkāhkow bell insults, berates something; is quarrelsome vai1 bell ni nenāwt kēhkāhcekw little bell, jingle, rattle ni nenāwtōhsh berry belly berry gatherer na nawēnw has scars, scabs on his, her, its belly, body vai1 berry of the prickly ash ni sqsomācekan omkeciw berry that grows low to the ground; raspberry, my belly, my stomach dni nemōt blackberry, boysenberry na anōhkan steps on him, her, it; steps on his, her, its belly vta blackberry, black berries ni apēsenetuaq anōhkan kīnecīskaww cedar needles, leaves; berry of the prickly ash ni swells at the belly after gorging vai1 pāhsenikew sqsomācekan beloved gathers, picks berries vai1 nawēnw is liked, beloved vai2 tapācekasow small berry ni mēnēhsh is liked, beloved vii tapācekatw staghorn sumac berry ni kākākemen below wintergreen berries ni wēnqnamenan close to the ground; below; far down; underground ni bestow cīkahkyah thinks of him, her, it in that way; wishes so for him, her, belt (N) it; bestows such favor, harm on him, her, it vta belt ni pakuahth ennemw carries something, things under his or her belt vai2 bet (V) nkihcyahow bet together, bet each other vai2 aqcekuatowak places, carries it under his or her belt vti1 nkihciahtam bets all he or she has vai1 kayāskaqcekw places, carries it under his or her belt vti2 bets all he or she has vai1 mqtaqcekw nkihcyahotaw bets with him or her vta aqcekuww belt (V) bets, makes a bet vai1 aqcekw is belted, girded vai2 pakuahthow
16 better has big, broad shoulders vai7 mamāhketnemāhkan a ways on, a ways farther, beyond; better, better than is big at the shoulders, broad-shouldered vai7 ordinary, beyond ordinary nature or power; last, mahkētnimāhkan previous part kohkēw is big of body vai1 mahkēyawsew between is big vai5 mqnekn between the legs part nanākwap is big vii mqsiw in between part nanāk is so big around vii enkohkwat beyond is so big, so tall vai7 enken a ways on, a ways farther, beyond; better, better than is thick, broad, big (wood or other solid thing) vii ordinary, beyond ordinary nature or power; last, mahkāhkwat previous part kohkēw large, big; old pren mamāh- behind, beyond something, cut off from vision part large, big pren mc- ākaw one which is big ni mqsek is beyond his or her depth vti1 nāwaham Big Lake more, farther, beyond, too far part anīw Big Lake place name Mc-Nepēhsh more, farther, beyond, too far prev anīw- bile on the other side, beyond, across part āsaw acid in the body; bile na osōsew bible is bilious, has too much bile vai1 osōsewew Bible, prayer book ni anāmehw-masēnahekan bilious Holy Scripture ni anāmehw-asāqcekan is bilious, has too much bile vai1 osōsewew bicep bind (V) my upper arm, my biceps dni nhcēwwak thing for tying, binding; twine ni khpēcekan bicycle biology bicycle idiom enoh kew-nayōmekih kew-mācīskat biology (building) ni pemātesewanikamek child's small bicycle, tricycle ni nayōmekōhsh birch rides on the back of an animal; rides a bike, motorcycle birch bark ni wīkīh vai2 nayōmekow birch, white birch; birchbark na wīkīhsāhtek thing you ride (for example, a bicycle) ni nayōmekoh birch-bark wall ni wīkīhsapah big yellow birch tree na mahkūkīhsāhtek (a wooden or solid thing) is thick, broad, big vai1 yellow birch na mahkūkīh mahkāhkosew bird are big, strong, muscular men vai1 bird, airplane na pmeqnt mamāhkapwsewak bird, fowl na ohpēqtaw are big vai5 mamāhkeknok plucks birds vai1 mōnqnww are big vii mamāhkiwan small bird, songbird na wēskenōhsh are so big around vii īnekūhkwatskawan species of small waterbird na wīsenakahkih are so big, so tall, equally big vai5 īneknok are so big vii īnekūhkwaton biscuit biscuit, cracker, cookie na pahkīsekhsh big man, old man na mc-enniw big, great pren kqc- bison bison, buffalo na maskūtiah-peshkiw big, old person or animal na mc-ayāh cow, ox; bison, buffalo na peshkiw
17 bit black pren mahkātw- a part, a bit, some of a larger quantity part opq gives him or her a swollen, black eye vta kepīhkihw a part, a little bit part packq has black hair vai2 apēsāneckow little, a little, a little bit part mnawac is black vai5 apēsen bite is black vii apīsīw bite each other vai2 sakēpotowak there are black clouds in the sky vii apīsānahkwat bites him, her, it through vta kēskamw Black Creek bites him, her, it to death vta kīhkamw Black Creek (river) place name Ennohnyah Osīpiam bites him, her, it vta sakīpīw black sucker bites it through vti2 kēskahtam black sucker na apēsampen bites it vti1 sakēpotam black walnut bites someone, people vai1 sakēpoww black walnut tree na pāskecisekanāhtek bites, bites something through vai1 kēskahcekw blackberry bites, gnaws, eats a hole in it vta tawāmw berry that grows low to the ground; raspberry, bites, gnaws, eats a hole in it vti1 tawāhtam blackberry, boysenberry na anōhkan bites, stings him or her to crying vta shsqnamw blackberry, black berries ni apēsenetuaq anōhkan has an evil tooth, a dangerous bite vai1 matāpetw blackberry na mahkātw-anōhkan is given to biting people, is a biter vai2 sakēpowhkow gathers blackberries vai1 anōhkanhkw repeatedly bites him, her, it vta sahsākepiw low-bush blackberry, boysenberry na oskīhsekimen tastes it, tries its taste; tries to bite, eat it vti1 kotāhtam raspberry, blackberry bush na anūhkanawīhsyah tries to bite, eat him, her, it; tries the taste of it vta something that stretches; blackberry vine na kotāmw sīqsepāpīhsen bite off blackbird bites off a piece of it vta packīmw blackbird na tūkaniq bites off a piece of it vti1 packīhtam bladder bladder ni wīh bitter bitter, strong pren wēsek- my bladder ni neskeneh-wīh is bitter vai5 wēqsaken small bladder; crop, gizzard; bubble ni wīhkōhsh is bitter vii wēqsakan bland tastes bland, insipid, unseasoned; tastes good vai1 bitterly anhnepokosew thinks bitterly of it vti1 wēqsaknehtam tastes bland, insipid, unseasoned vii anhnepokwat bitter-root bitter-root, large-tooth cress na otāpehpn blanket blanket ni wāpoweyān bitter-root ni wēsek-ocīph covers up, wraps him or herself, puts on clothes; puts on bitter-root ni wīqsakeciph or wears a robe or blanket vai2 akōw black my blanket, my robe dni netākom black broadcloth ni akōm red blanket ni mhkuakom black clouds ni apīsānahkwat black duck na wenepekōw-sēqsep blaze (N) burns him, her, it in a blaze vta wīnosiw black pren apēs- makes a blaze vai1 wēnonnekw
18 blaze (V) block (V) blazes well vii menahkonw blocks him, her, it by position or body movement vta blazes well vii menuahkonw kepskaww blazes vii wēnonw blocks it by position or body movement vti1 kepskam burns up in a blaze; blazes (the fire) vii wēnotw covers the opening of it, blocks it with his or her hand catches fire, blazes up, catches hold (the fire) vai1 vta kepōnw pīhkenw covers the opening of it, blocks it with his or her hand catches fire, blazes up; catches hold (the fire) vii vti1 kepōnam pīhkenw gets him, her, it stuck, blocked vta pāqtāhsemw comes to a blaze, blazes up vii wīnwahkonw gets it stuck, blocked vti2 pāqtāhnetaw makes it blaze vti1 wēnonnam grows blocked or shut; closes by natural growth (for example, a wound) vii kepēken bleed bleeds to death vai1 pēhkekawew is blocked, closed off vii kepēhcekatw bleeds, is bloody vai1 mhkōwew is blocked; is constipated vai1 kepskaw bleeds, is bloody vii mhkōwew is blocked vii kepāhkotw is blocked bless vii kepskaw is pitied, blessed, given good fortune by the higher blood powers vai1 sawnemekōwesew blood ni mhkīh is pitied, blessed, lucky vai1 sawnehtakosew is covered with blood vai1 mhkōwākosew pities him, her, it; blesses him, her, it; helps, comforts bloodroot him, her, it vta sawnemw bloodroot ni onāmon-ocīph pities it; blesses it; helps, comforts it vti1 sawnehtam bloodroot ni pāpīcekawew blessing bloodsucker blessing by the higher powers, state of being blessed ni bloodsucker na mhkuaskatayw sawnemekōwesewen leech, bloodsucker na okāskiq blessing ni sawnemekwan bloody blind bleeds, is bloody vai1 mhkōwew is blind vai1 kakīphkow bleeds, is bloody vii mhkōwew blink blouse blinks, glances at him, her, it; puts it into his or her eye shirt, blouse ni ppakoweyan by blinking; flashes lightning at him, her, it (a blow (V) Thunderer) vta natāwāpenotaww begins to blow (the wind) vii wpānemat blinks, glances at it; puts it into his or her eye by blows (a cool wind); is in the cool wind vii tahkqnen blinking; flashes lightning at it (a Thunderer) vti1 blows (a cool wind) vii tahkānemat natāwāpenotam blows from that direction (the wind) vii ohtqnen closes his, her, its eyes; blinks vai1 kakīpehkīqtaw blows from the north, there is a north wind vii block (N) ocīkqsiwenqnn chopping block, cutting board ni ahpēkahekan blows his or her nose vai2 sanēkōw chops on something, on a block vai1 ahpēkahekw blows in this direction (wind) vii pītānemat blows past, through (the wind), there is a draft, breeze vii pemānemat
19 extinguishes it by blowing vti1 āqtanhtam explodes, blows up, bursts in heat vii pīhketw is blown along, past vai1 pemqsew blowing snake is blown along, past vii pemqnen blowing snake na nww is blown around in the wind vai1 papāmqsew blue is blown around in the wind vii papāmqnn dark Indian corn, blue corn na aphnapemen is blown around vai1 kēwqsew dark-colored, blue pren aps- is blown around vii kēwqnn has light-colored eyes; is blue-eyed vai1 is blown away vii wpqnn wāwāpeciyāpew is blown down by the wind vai1 kawqsew is dark-colored, blue vai5 aphnen is blown down by the wind vii kawqnen is dark-colored, blue vii aphniw is blown off or down vai1 ciahkqsew blueberry is blown off, down vii ciahkqnn blueberry ni mēn is blown onto something vai1 ahpāketqsew bluebird is blown onto something vii ahpāketqnen bluebird na sāwan is blown open by the wind like a door; is blown open bluejay (its door) vii pāhkehtqnen bluejay na mūcehkiw is blown open by the wind vii pāhkqnn board (N) is blown or blows here, towards here vii pītqnn board of soft wood na nōhkhnaksew is blown to pieces by the wind vai1 pīkqsew bread board, kneading-board ni sahkāthekan is blown to pieces by the wind vii pīkqnn chopping block, cutting board ni ahpēkahekan is blown upward vai1 ohpqsew flat timber, board, plank na napākhnaksew is blown upward vii ohpqnen flat timber, flat board na napākekew is blown, blows here, towards here vai1 pītqsew is smooth wood, a smooth board vai1 osāqshnaksew lies or falls flat; blows, tumbles over vii kanāskehnn small board, shingle na napākhnaksēhsh lies, falls flat; blows, tumbles over vai7 kanāskehsen tamarack tree, tamarack board na mūnepyanawhnak puffs, blows; puffs on something to make it blaze up; puffs up the fire vai1 pōtawanhcekw washes it (boards, the floor) vti1 kesēhnakaham stops blowing (the wind), stops (a storm) vii pōnānemat white oak tree, board na askēqtemhnak there is a wind blowing vii nōwānemat board (V) boards it shut vti1 kephnakaham there is a wind, blows (the wind), is windy vii nōwqnn boarding house restaurant; boarding-house, hotel ni mīcehsowikamek blow away is blown away vai1 wpqsew boastful talks too much; is boastful, insolent, mouthy vai1 blow on blows on it to make noise; plays music on it (a whistle osāmetonw or flute) vti1 kāketowhtam boat canoe, wooden boat ni mqtekōs blow up blows him, her, it up vta pīhkesiw bobcat blows it up vti1 pīhkesam bobcat, wildcat, lynx, lion, tiger na pesēw blows things up vai1 pīhkesekw body explodes, blows up, bursts in heat vai2 pīhkesow has a short body vai1 taskūqcikew
20 has a short body vii taskūqcikn is boiled vai7 anēkātw has scars, scabs on his, her, its belly, body vai1 boiler omkeciw boiler, engine ni pūtawaswan my body, myself dni nēyaw furnace, boiler na eskōtw-ahkh bogeyman bone something scary, the bogeyman (baby talk) ni pīpīq bone ni ohkān boil (N, skin eruption) moves with stiff bones vai1 sēpekanqtaw has a boil vai1 mhkuawqsew my backbone dna neshph has a pimple, boil vai1 oskemiahsew bony pimple, boil ni skemyah hard, dry bread; toast; lean, bony person na maskāhsow boil (V) book boils hard corn in the shell vai2 mesānānesiahkow Bible, prayer book ni anāmehw-masēnahekan boils it soft vta nūhkesiw paper, letter, book, document ni masēnahekan boils it soft vti1 nōhkesam boot boils it thick vta phnāqsiw boot ni pūcem boils it thick vti1 phnāqsam born boils it; brings it (a kettle) to a boil vta ohsīw exists, there is one; is on hand; is born vai2 tw boils it vta anw is (was) born there vai1 ohtātesew boils it vti1 anām borrow boils it vti1 ohsām borrows, gets credit, buys from him or her vai1 boils off its skin, husk vta kecēhkoneysīw atāww boils off its skin, husk vti1 kecēhkoneysam borrows, gets credit, buys from him or her vta boils over vai2 sēkekamesow atāwamw boils over vii sēkekametw boss boss, employer na posww boils something down; boils maple sap to make sugar vai2 ehksiahkow is the boss vai1 poswwew boils something vai1 ohsēkw botch boils the kernels out of hard-shell corn vai1 poorly done piece of work, botched job ni kecēhkoneysekw macīqtāhkwan boils things tough, is tough (his or her cooking) vai2 works in a messy way, botches his or her work vai1 pākosiahkow wēneqtaw boils up maple sap vai2 ohpīkamesiahkow both at both sides of the road part ītawīhkanaw comes to a boil, boils vai2 ohsōw both, both of them; at both sides, both halves part nayīs comes to a boil, boils vii ohtw is boiled down vai2 ehksow bother bothers him, her, it; frequents, uses it too much vta is boiled down vii ehktw osāmiahkaww is boiled soft vai2 nōhkesow bothers him, her, it vta mianācehw is boiled soft vii nōhketw defiles, injures, or bothers people vai2 is boiled thick vai2 phnāqsow wīyāciahkawekow is boiled thick vii phnāqtw is put into smoke, preserved by being smoked; is is boiled vai2 anēkāsow
21 bothered by smoke vai2 nqsow braid leaves him, her, it alone, stops bothering him, her, it vta my braid, my bun; my headgear dni neskepan amnw puts up, fixes, braids his or her (own) hair; swings it in leaves it alone, stops bothering it vti1 amnam place vti2 onāhotaw bothersome brain is bothersome, mean, annoying vai1 my brain dni nemneth wēyātnehtakosew branch (tree) is bothersome vii wēyātnehtakwat creaking branches (sliver-cat) na kesēph bottle shoulder; large limb, branch of a tree ni ohthkwan bottle, quart ni sīqsekwan branch (V) bottle ni sīqsekuahsh the road branches off, there is a path or road branching glass container; bottle, glass ni sāpuaqneciken off vii pahkpaniw small bottle, glass ni sāpuaqnecikenōhsh brant bottom brant, large wild goose na aphsahkyah contains enough liquid to cover the bottom vai1 sesūpīw brass bounce copper, brass, cent ni osāwāph bounces it up and down vta āyespewpehsemw brave bounces off a hard surface vai7 asiaqtakhsen great warrior, brave warrior, hero na nnawēhtaw bounces off a hard surface vii asiaqtakhnen man; husband; king (playing card); brave man na enniw bound (V) bounds, skips vai7 tīqtīhsen bread bounds, skips vii tīqtīhnen bakes, makes bread vai1 pahkīsekanew bread board, kneading-board ni sahkāthekan boundary rope, cord, string; boundary line ni kāhkap bread; wheat, flour na pahkīsekan corn bread (unleavened) na enn-apuan bounty bounty money ni mīnetwan dips bread into broth vai2 aqsetmhkow bow (N) (archery) fruit, piece of fruit; sweet bread ni sēwan bowstring, bow na/ni mqtekuap frybread phrase paskīpemīqsow pahkīsekan my bow na nemqtek hard, dry bread; toast; lean, bony person na maskāhsow bowl makes bread vai1 pahkīsekanhkw bowl, dish, plate ni onākan raised, leavened bread na ohpcīsow bowstring sourdough starter, sourdough bread na sēwehsen bowstring, bow na/ni mqtekuap break box breaks across, in two; is broke (lacks money) vai1 box, chest, trunk ni mahkāh pōhkoskaw boy breaks across, in two vii pōhkoskaw boy na aphnīhsh breaks down, falls with something that collapses vii nuahnen boysenberry berry that grows low to the ground; raspberry, breaks him, her, it in two in bringing down, dropping blackberry, boysenberry na anōhkan him, her, it vta pūhkihsemw low-bush blackberry, boysenberry na oskīhsekimen breaks him, her, it to pieces in bringing down, setting
22 down, dropping him, her, it vta pīkihsemw repeatedly breaks it across by hand vti1 pōqpōhkonam breaks his or her hand vta pūhkinhcihw break down breaks his, her, its skull vta pīhkethphw breaks down, falls with something that collapses vai7 breaks it across, in two by foot, by a step or kick, by nuahsen trampling or body movement, by sitting on it vta break off pōhkoskaww breaks it through, off by hand vta kēskenw breaks it across, in two by foot, by a step or kick, by breaks it through, off by hand vti1 kēskenam trampling or body movement, by sitting on it vti1 break through pōhkoskam breaks it through, off by hand vta kēskenw breaks it across, in two by hand vta pōhkonw breaks it through, off by hand vti1 kēskenam breaks it across, in two by hand vti1 pōhkonam break up breaks it in two in bringing down, dropping it vti2 breaks it up by foot or body-movement vta pūhkihnetāw pēkoskaww breaks it off by hand from where it is attached; plucks it; breaks it up by foot or body-movement vti1 pēkoskam breaks it (a string) vti1 pahknam breaks it up for him, her, it vta pēkonamoww breaks it off by hand from where it is attached; plucks it breaks things up by tool; tans buckskin vai1 vta pahknw pīkwahekw breaks it to pieces by hand vta pēkonw breaks up vai1 pōhpōhkoskaw breaks it to pieces by hand vti1 pēkonam breast breaks it to pieces in bringing down, setting down, nipple, breast na nōnākan dropping it vti2 pīkihnetāw sucks at the breast vai1 nōnew breaks something for him or her by foot or body- breath movement vta pōhkoskamoww breathing, breath ni nhnen breaks to pieces in falling; goes to pieces vai7 pīkihsen gasps for breath vai2 tatākanamow breaks to pieces in falling; goes to pieces vii pīkihnn has bad breath vai7 menūkiton breaks up vii pōhpōhkoskaw breathe chops it through or off, breaks it through by tool vti1 breathes fast vai2 kesianāmow kēskaham breathes his, her, its last vai2 eskuanāmow chops it through, off, breaks it through by tool vta breathes with difficulty, gasps vai2 mamītāwanamow kēskahw breathes vai1 nhnw goes to pieces, breaks up, is broken vai1 pēkoskaw breech cloth goes to pieces, breaks up, is broken vii pēkoskaw breech cloth; diaper ni āseyan grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vta has (something as) a breech cloth, wears a breech cloth pēqseponw vai1 otāseyanew grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vti2 puts on, wears a breech cloth vai1 āseyw pēqsepotāw is broken up fine, finely divided vai1 pēqsekew breeze blows past, through (the wind), there is a draft, breeze is broken up fine, finely divided vii pēqsekn vii pemānemat is broken; breaks in two in falling vai7 pūhkihsen gets or is in the wind, cools him, her, itself in the breeze is broken; breaks in two in falling vii pūhkihnn vai1 nōwqsew repeatedly breaks it across by hand vta pōqpōhkonw moves in the breeze vii sīskapetw
23 there is a little wind, a slight breeze vii down, dropping him, her, it vta pīkihsemw nōwqnnōhsewew breaks it in two in bringing down, dropping it vti2 there is a pleasant breeze vii menuanemat pūhkihnetāw brewer breaks it to pieces in bringing down, setting down, brewer (one who makes beer) na sopa* dropping it vti2 pīkihnetāw brick bring to a stop brick na pōtawakanāqsen brings him, her, it to a stop by hand vta nakānw bridge brings it to a stop by hand; turns it (water) off vti1 bridge for the sap of the maple tree ni nkuahkohcekan nakānam bridge ni āsokan bring together crosses a body of water; fords, ferries across; crosses on assembles, gathers him, her, it, them, brings them all a bridge vai1 mesākw together vta māwacēhsemw assembles, gathers it, them, brings them all together bridle vti2 halter, bridle ni nāpekwakan māwacēhnetaw briefly bring up (mention) briefly, in a short way part kākahkam is heard, brought up, mentioned vai1 nōhtakosew bright brittle clear, bright prev onēyāw- is dry, hard, brittle vai2 maskāhsow is full daybreak, bright dawn vii pckapan is dry, hard, brittle vii maskāhtw is hot, bright (the sun); is sunlit vii sahkāqnahtw broad (a wooden or solid thing) is thick, broad, big shines brightly, glittering, is bright, reflects light vai2 vai1 wāqsaphkasow mahkāhkosew has big, broad shoulders vai7 mamāhketnemāhkan bring brings a story, news vai2 pītācemow is thick, broad, big (wood or other solid thing) vii mahkāhkwat brings food vai1 pītāpoww brings him, her, it on his or her back vta pītōmw broadcloth black broadcloth ni akōm brings him, her, it soup, food vta pītāpowanw broad-shouldered brings him, her, it vta pīnw is big at the shoulders, broad-shouldered vai7 brings it in, to, for him, her, it vta pīhtikatuww mahkētnimāhkan brings it on his or her back vti1 pītōhtam broke (lacks money) brings it to him, her, it vta pītuww breaks across, in two; is broke (lacks money) vai1 brings it vti2 pītāw pōhkoskaw brings liquor, whiskey vai1 pītāphkow brook trout brings, leads, conveys him, her, it out vta ketāwanw brook trout na namkoh brings, leads, conveys it out vti2 ketāwataw broom is brought vai2 pīcekasow broom ni cēkatahekan is brought vii pīcekatw broomstick ni cēkatahekanāhtek bring down sweeps it clear, cleans it with a broom vta cēkatahw breaks him, her, it in two in bringing down, dropping sweeps it clear, cleans it with a broom vti1 cēkataham him, her, it vta pūhkihsemw breaks him, her, it to pieces in bringing down, setting
24 broth sisters na okōqsemamāw dips bread into broth vai2 aqsetmhkow they are like brother(s) and sister(s) to each other vii soup, broth ni napōp okūqsemāhtimakaton brothel treats him, her, them as brother(s) and/or sister(s) vta brothel ni tepāhākaniahkiwikamek owītesyanemw brother younger brother or sister of a girl or woman na are brother(s) and/or sister(s) vai2 ohsēmhsēhtowak wmehset are brothers and sisters to each other vai2 younger brother or sister na ohsēmhsemāw owītesyanehtowak brother-in-law are brothers, cousins, friends; they make friends with fellow brother-in-law, one of two or more men who have each other vai2 owēmatēhtowak married into the same family na owēc-nohāhkemenaw are like brother(s) and sister(s) to each other vai2 my brother, my (male) friend; my brother-in-law; my okōqsemāhtowak male cross-cousin, any man (other than my mother's boy speaking: my brother, (boy) cousin dna nēmat brother) who is nesēh or ehkwanaeh dna nēhtās brother(s) and/or sister(s) na ohsēmhsēhtowak my brother-in-law (man speaking) dna nēqtaw brothers, cousins, friends na owēmatēhtowak my sister-in-law, my brother-in-law dna nēnem has (someone as) a younger brother or sister vai1 brown ohsēmhsew is brown earth, sand, powder vii osāwāmhkat has an elder brother vai1 oqnhsew is brown vai5 onāwen has, treats her as a sister (a man); has, treats him as a is brown vii onāwīw brother (a woman) vta okōqsemamw is painted brown vai2 onāwehosow has, treats him as an elder brother vta oqnhsemw is painted brown vii onāwehotw has, treats him or her as a younger brother or sister vta is painted yellow or brown vii osāwehotw ohsēmhsemw is painted yellow, brown vai2 osāwehosow is related to him or her, is friends with him or her; are is yellow, brown vai5 osāwen friends (men); has a brother vai1 owēmatew is yellow, brown vii osāwīw my brother (man speaking) dna nēhkāh leaves are turning brown vii onāwepimakat my brother (man speaking; voc.) dna neqat turn brown (its leaves) vai1 onāwepimaksew my brother, my (male) friend; my brother-in-law; my yellow or brown dog na osāwaqnm male cross-cousin, any man (other than my mother's brown bear brother) who is nesēh or ehkwanaeh dna nēhtās brown bear na osāwahkwah my brother, my (male) friend dna nēhtāwes bruise my little sister (man speaking), my little brother falls smashing his or her flesh, gets a festering bruise (woman speaking) dna nekōqsemāhsh vai7 pekskawhsen my older brother dna nqnh brush (N) my sister (man speaking), my brother (woman hairbrush ni sāwhekan speaking); my parallel cousin of opposite sex dna paintbrush ni wsēhocekanāhtek nekōqsemaw ricing stick; tool for knocking things down, duster, my younger brother or sister; person younger than I dna brush; place for knocking down wild rice ni pawāhekan nhsēh shaving brush ni sesūpīhekan older brother na oqnhsemaw toothbrush ni kesēqnetonākan sister of a brother or brothers; brother of a sister or
25 brush (N; bushes) buffalo brush, brushy place ni sasākīw bison, buffalo na maskūtiah-peshkiw burns brush, trees, wood vai2 wēnosāhkow cow, ox; bison, buffalo na peshkiw clears brush vai1 masīhekw bug clears the brush from it vti1 masīham hunts, gathers insects; picks off potato-bugs; digs worms is brushy vii sakīwew vai1 awtokēhshkw brush (V) buggy brushes his or her teeth vai1 kesēqnapetw vehicle, car, wagon, sleigh, buggy na otācekwan gets touched by foot, brushed against vii build phshkacekatw builds a house, houses vai1 wēkewamhkw gets touched by foot, gets brushed against vai2 builds a hut or shelter of needle boughs vai1 phshkacekasow shtākikw touches him, her, it with his or her foot; brushes against builds, prepares a house for him, her, it vta onīkahw him, her, it in passing vta phshkaww builds, prepares a house for it vti2 onīkahtaw touches it with his or her foot; brushes against it in makes, builds it rapidly vti2 kesiahtaw passing vti1 phshkam prepares a dwelling or camp; pitches a tent, sets up a wipes, brushes, daubs him, her, it with liquid vta wigwam, builds a house vai1 onīkw sesūpīhw builder wipes, brushes, daubs it with liquid vti1 sesūpīham carpenter, builder na wēkewamhkw brushy building is a brushy place vii sasākahkamekat business education building phrase otsekewen is bushy, brushy vii sasākīwew khkēnowikamek bubble bull small bladder; crop, gizzard; bubble ni wīhkōhsh bull na tōnōh buck bullet male animal; stag, buck na ayāpw bullet ni anīh buckbean where the arrows or bullets fly, in battle part waterweed; buckbean ni washsyan nānqtyah bucket bullfrog buttons, fastens, buckles it vti1 kepuahkwaham bullfrog na thtw kettle, pot, pail, bucket na ahkh bullhead (fish) smudge-bucket, smoke-bucket ni nqtenekan large catfish, bullhead na wāsew buckshot bulrush buckshot ni anōhsan reed, bulrush na apāhkiy buckskin reeds, bulrushes na nepiaskon breaks things up by tool; tans buckskin vai1 bump (V) pīkwahekw bumps against something solid vii pākāhkihnn budge bumps into him, her, it (tree or other solid thing) vta moves, budges him, her, it vta mātenw pqtāhkoskaww moves, budges it vti1 mātenam bumps into it (something solid) vti1 pqtāhkoskam bumps into something solid vai7 pākāhkihsen
26 kicks, steps on, bumps into him, her, it by accident vta yāhpethnaqsiw pqshkaww burns it through vta kēskhnāqsiw kicks, steps on, bumps into it by accident vti1 burns it through vti1 kēskhnāqsam pqshkam can be smelled in cooking or burning, reaches one (the bumpy scent of it cooking or burning) vai2 pīcemiaqsow grows, is bumpy, knobby vai1 mēmemhkekew can be smelled in cooking or burning vii pīcemiaqtw grows, is bumpy, knobby vii mēmemhkekn gets a burn, is burned; is cooked done, cooked vai2 is bumpy, knobby all over vai1 mēmemhkecikew kēsesow is bumpy, knobby all over vii mēmemhkecikn gets overcooked, burned in cooking vai2 my braid, my bun; my headgear dni neskepan osāmhnāqsow bunch gets overcooked, burned in cooking vii osāmhnāqtw package, bundle, bunch ni ahshkaw is burned through vai2 kēskhnāqsow bundle is burned through vii kēskhnāqtw bundle, package ni wīhkipecekan it goes out, is extinguished, stops burning vii āqtw bundle; pie na wīwīkenekan overcooks it, burns it in cooking vta osāmhnāqsiw bundle ni wīhkipenakan overcooks it, burns it in cooking vti1 osāmhnāqsam makes a pack, bundle of it vta mēwanhkanw smells burnt vai1 wēnotwemyakosew makes a pack, bundle of it vti1 mēwanhkatam smells burnt vii wēnotwemyakwat package, bundle, bunch ni ahshkaw smells good in cooking or burning vai2 menīmiaqsow ties him or herself tight, bundles him or herself up vai2 smells good in cooking or burning vii menīmiaqtw kqtāhpesow burn up ties it into a bundle or pack for carrying vta burns it all up, runs out of it as fuel vta mqtesiw mēwahkapenw burns it all up, runs out of it as fuel vti1 mqtesam ties it into a bundle or pack for carrying vti2 burns it up in a blaze vti1 wēnosam mēwahkapetaw burns up in a blaze; blazes (the fire) vii wēnotw bungle burns up in a blaze vai2 wēnosow does things badly, does a poor job, is a bungler vai2 is all burned up, used up as fuel vai2 mqtesow macēqtāhkow is all burned up, used up as fuel vii mqtetw bur burp burdock, bur na sakneww belches, burps vai2 mkahcow full of burs vii saknewwew burst is full of burs vai1 saknewwew bursts vai1 pīhkecīskaw burdock bursts vii pīhkecīskaw burdock, bur na sakneww explodes, blows up, bursts in heat vai2 pīhkesow burn (N) explodes, blows up, bursts in heat vii pīhketw cooks it done, cooks it; gives him, her, it a burn vta kīsesiw bury buries him, her it; covers him, her, it with sand, earth, burn (V) ashes vta anīkwahw burns brush, trees, wood vai2 wēnosāhkow is buried vai2 nekuahekasow burns him, her, it in a blaze vta wīnosiw is buried vii nekuahekatw burns him, her, it to death, to ashes vta
27 bush yāhpecenataw gets snagged, is stopped by bushes vai7 ānuahkicen is skinned and cut up, butchered, dressed, cleaned vai2 raspberry, blackberry bush na anūhkanawīhsyah wēnanēhcekasow bushel is skinned and cut up, butchered, dressed, cleaned vii saw; bushel measure, bushel ni kēskepocekan wēnanēhcekatw bushy skins and cuts it up, butchers, dresses it vta is bushy, brushy vii sasākīwew wēnanehw is dense, bushy growth vii sasākīw skins and cuts it up, butchers, dresses it vti2 wēnanēhtaw business business building ni khkenowikamek skins and cuts up game, does butchering vai1 wēnanēhcekw business education building phrase otsekewen khkēnowikamek butt my butt dni nesīkan business ni otsekewen my rear end, butt, anus dni necēh way of being, occupation, affair, business; that kind of thing, that sort ni esēken butter way of being, occupation, affair, business ni esēkewen butter ni nōnākanp-pemēh busy (A) butterfly is busy dealing with him, her, it vta otāmiahkaww butterfly na mīmīkww is busy dealing with it vti1 otāmiahkam butternut butternut tree na pakānaweh is busy looking at him, her, it vta otāmāpamw small nut (for example, acorn, walnut, butternut, beech is busy looking at it vti1 otāmāpahtam nut, hazelnut) na pakānēhsh is busy with some activity or work vai1 otāmeqtaw button (N) is there, acts there, is busy (there) at something vai1 button, snap, zipper na/ni kepuahkwahekan tasēkew keeping busy; taking up time prev otām- button (V) buttons, fastens, buckles it vti1 kepuahkwaham busy (V) gets or is buttoned; is made so that it buttons vii busies him or herself with him, her, it, attends to him, kepuahkwahekātw her, it; plays with him, her, it; picks lice from him, her, it vta tasiahkaww buy busies him or herself with it, attends to it vti1 tasiahkam borrows, gets credit, buys from him or her vai1 atāww busies him, her, it, keeps him or her busied or engaged; delays him or her vta otāmehw borrows, gets credit, buys from him or her vta atāwamw but buys, pays for it; pays him, her, it vta tepāhw again, over again, back, one more; but prev yāh- buys, pays for it; pays it vti1 tepāham and, also; but, however part th gets taken, bought vai2 mamēkāsow butcher (N) gets taken, bought vii mamēkātw meat-market, butcher shop ni mēcemēhshkamik is paid for, bought vai2 tepāhekasow butcher (V) completely butchers, kills, does away with him, her, it is paid for, bought vii tepāhekatw vta yāhpecenanw pays him or her for it; buys it for, from him or her vta completely butchers, kills, does away with it vti2 tepāhamoww
28 buzzard buzzard na apskasiw by set about an act, go ahead and; in passing, by, on along prev pemīm- C by no means not at all, by no means part kan pōc
cabbage cabbage ni wwiahkipakah leaf, lettuce, cabbage ni anīpiahkan cache (N) cache, store of food ni aqnapāhkwan stores things, makes a cache vai2 aqnapāhkow cake cake (sweet) na sōpomāhkohkasow cake na wēhkesoh calf calf na peshkīhsh calf (of leg) my calf dna nenān calico calico ni sayqtakah call (V) calls it; calls, asks for it vti1 natōtam calls, asks for, invites him, her, it vta natōmw calls, invites someone, people vai1 natōmeww gives him, her, it a name; calls, mentions him, her, it by name vta wēhnw gives it a name, calls it by name; mentions, tells, says it; reads it vti1 wēhtam is asked for, called for, wanted vai2 natōcekasow is asked for, called for, wanted vii natōcekatw is called by a name, is named, has a name vii wēhcekatw is called by name, is named, has a name vai2 wēhcekasow is called by name, named vai2 wēhsow makes him, her, it come by calling, calls him, her, it here vta pīcemw makes it come by calling vti1 pītotam misses his, her, its presence, longs for him, her, it; he or
29 she calls out for him, her, it in vain vta kīnomw candy misses its presence, longs for it; he or she calls out for it candy, piece of candy ni sōpomāhkōhsh in vain vti1 kīnotam doughnut; candy na wēhkesōhsh says it so, says so to it, calls it so; says so vti1 etām cane (walking) says so to him, her, it, calls him, her, it so vta enw cane, crutch ni tāhpatah says so to someone, to people, calls someone so, orders walks using a cane vai2 tāhpatahow so vai1 esēww canoe (N) stops talking, calling, crying vai1 pōhkoww at one side of the road part pemqtihkanaw call out canoe paddle ni pīh calls out to him, her, it vta ōhōhemw canoe, wooden boat ni mqtekōs calls out to it vti1 ōhōhetam canoe ni ōs calls out, cries out vai2 ohcēmow fetches him, her, it by canoe; paddles, swims up to him, caller her, it vta nātahw caller, shouter, whooper na ōhōpew fetches it by canoe; paddles, swims up to it vti1 nātaham camp (N) canoe (V) logging, logging camp ni kīskahāhkwan canoes downstream vti1 miaham moves camp down to the water vai1 matāpīkosew canoes, swims there, towards there vai1 esēcemw moves his or her camp on, moves camp; comes from paddles, swims around; goes canoeing vai1 one house, dwelling, place of residence to another vai1 papāmecemw pemēkosew swims here, towards here; canoes here, towards here my camp site; the camp or house abandoned by me ni vai1 pīcecemw nemāthpih canopy prepares a house, dwelling or camp; pitches a tent, sets artificial shelter; canopy, umbrella ni ākuaqnhekan up a wigwam, builds a house vai1 onīkw canvasback duck camp (V) canvasback duck na wīphkuahkqnw sets up a tent; camps in a tent vai1 pākeweyānikw cap (explosive) can (able) explosive; dynamite, gun-cap, firecracker ni pīhkesekan gets control over, controls, compels it; gets, earns it; gun-cap ni pīhkesekhsh manages, can do it vti2 wīhkihtaw cap (hat) can (N) hat, cap ni wiahkwan can, jar for preserves ni kepāhkwahekan little cap ni wiahkuahsh small iron or metal object; telephone, can, wire, car telegraph ni ohkōmānēhsh car, automobile na atamōpen can (V) car, automobile na osāqsapikan-otācekwan cans vai1 kepāhkwahekw car, automobile na sīqsepikan-otācekwan can opener vehicle, car, wagon, sleigh, buggy na otācekwan can opener ni pāhkesekan card Canadian little card; postcard; low spade (playing card) na Englishman, Canadian na Sākanās pīkōhsh candle small piece of paper, writing, card, mail, letter ni lamp, candle ni wāqnenekan masēnahekhsh
30 card (playing) careful club suit na tans tells, urges him or her to be careful vta nahnāmw diamond na kānōh carefully diamond na kānōw acts carefully, cautiously vai1 papnakēqtaw eight card na suasek-tahsēw carefully, in detail prev mecēm- five card na niananwasaqsow deals carefully with him, her, it, handles him, her, it; follows, pursues, chases him, her, it; follows suit on it respects him, her, it vta koqsehw (card which has been played) vta nōcpenhw deals carefully with it, handles it carefully or sparingly; four card na nīwasāqsow respects it vti2 koqsēhtaw gets him or her into a card game vta kockuanw carelessly heart na keyōn carelessly, without taking proper care part tpenāk holds only one suit (at cards) vai1 āhpenekew carp joker na cōkāh sucker, carp; Norwegian, Irish person na nampen low diamond na kānōhsh carpenter carpenter, builder man; husband; king (playing card); brave man na na wēkewamhkw enniw carpenter na mōhkotāqsow nine card na sākw-tahsēw carpet one-eyed person, ace card na pōhkeqkow mat, rug, carpet, flooring ni anāhkīhcekan passes (at cards) vai1 phseww carrot playing card na pīkan carrot ni āyosawāhkwat playing card ni pīk carry carries him, her, it (on, past) on his back vta pemōmw plays cards (with someone, with people) vai2 pīkaqtawekow carries him, her, it around on his or her back vta papāmōmw plays cards with him or her vta pīkaqtaww carries him, her, it off on his or her shoulder vta plays it (a card) vta wpenw awācenekānw poker ni pōkh carries him, her, it on him or herself; she is pregnant seven card na nōhekan-tahsēw with him or her vta kekskaww six card na nekūtuasetāhsew carries him, her, it on his or her back vta nayōmw soldier; jack (playing card) na semākanes carries him, her, it on his or her shoulder vta anēkānw spade suit na pīk carries his or her pack on his or her back with the ten card ni metātahnn packstrap over his or her shoulders and across his or her they play cards together vai2 pīkaqtatowak chest vai1 ennāpīw three card na nqnwasaqsow carries it (on, past) on his or her back vti1 pemōhtam trump na natuap carries it along, past on his or her shoulder vti1 trump ni pakāhcekan pemēnekatam trumps it (a card) vta natuahkuww carries it around on his or her back vti1 papāmōhtam two card na nīswasāqsow carries it off on his or her shoulder vti1 awācenekātam way of holding; kind of hand at cards ni encīnaqswan carries it on him or herself vti1 kekskam woman, queen (playing card) na metmoh carries it on his or her back vti1 nayōhtam carries it on his or her shoulder vti1 anēkātam
31 carries something, things under his or her belt vai2 carve nkihcyahow cuts it up into small bits; skins and carves it (a conducts, conveys, carries, leads him, her, it around vta slaughtered animal) into small cuts vta pēqsananehw papāmianw does his or her whittling, wood-carving vai2 conducts, conveys, carries, leads it around vti2 mōhkotāqsow papāmiatāw whittles it, does wood-carving on it vta mōhkonw has (something as) a pack, carries a pack vai1 wēwasew whittles it, does wood-carving on it vti1 mōhkotam holds, carries him, her, it in his or her mouth vta casino nīmamw casino ni aqtatiwikamek holds, carries it in his or her mouth vti1 nīmahtam cast (V) manages to carry him, her, it on his or her back vta casts, tosses him, her, it up by hand vta espēwpenw ketēskomw casts, tosses it up by hand vti1 espēwpenam manages to carry it on his or her back vti1 ketēskōhtam is poured, cast vai2 sēkahekāsow places, carries it under his or her belt vti1 nkihciahtam is poured, cast vii sēkahekātw places, carries it under his or her belt vti2 cast off nkihcyahotaw has no use for him, her, it, casts him, her, it off vta takes, carries a load on his, her, its back vai2 nayāhow wanuanw takes, carries him, her, it on his or her back vta has no use for it, casts it off vti1 wanuatam nayāhw cat ties it into a bundle or pack for carrying vta cat na kāsakh mēwahkapenw catch ties it into a bundle or pack for carrying vti2 catches fish vai1 namqshkw mēwahkapetaw catches it with a hook, on hook and line vta kohkānw ties, carries him or her on the cradle-board vta catches it with a hook, on hook and line vti1 kohkātam thkēnw catches, dips it out with a net; joins in the song vti1 cart (V) nahkuaham drags, carts him, her, it down a slope vta catches, dips it out with a net vta nahkuahw nōhsemetācemw get his or her hand on it, catches him, her, it vta drags, carts him, her, it there, towards there vta mesnw esētācemw gets caught in a tree, branches, on other solid thing vai7 drags, carts him, her, it vta īwacetācemw nawātāhkicen drags, carts it down a slope vti2 nōhsemetācehtaw gets caught in a tree, branches, on other solid thing vii drags, carts it there, towards there vti2 esētācehtaw nawātāhkitw drags, carts it vti2 īwacetācehtaw gets close to him, her, it; catches him, her, it vta drags, hauls, carts him, her, it here, towards here vta kqshkaww pīcetacemw gets close to it; catches it vti1 kqshkam drags, hauls, carts it here, towards here vti2 gets his or her hand on it, catches it vti1 mesnam pīcetacehtaw gets up to, catches him, her, it vta meshkaww cart away gets up to, catches it vti1 meshkam drags, carts him, her, it away vta awācetacemw gets, gets hold of, catches, grabs him, her, it vta drags, carts it away vti2 awācetacehtaw tpenw
32 gets, gets hold of, catches, grabs it vti1 tpenam cedar needles, leaves; berry of the prickly ash ni is caught, wedged vai7 sīnāhkihsen sqsomācekan is caught, wedged vii sīnāhkihnn cedar, fir, needle tree na shtākuahtek is cautious, shy, hard to catch vai1 nahnāsew cedar na kēshkāhtek is trapped, caught under something vai2 taqnosow hut of cedar boughs na shtākikan is trapped, caught under something vii taqnotw inside bark of cedar tree ni kēshkekop overtakes, catches him, her, it vta kqtmw is a cedar grove vii kēshkīhkiwew catch a cold makes a shelter of cedar boughs for or over him, her, it catches a cold vai1 tahkācew vta shtākikhw catch fire red cedar na mhkīhnak catches fire, blazes up, catches hold (the fire) vai1 tea made of cedar leaves na shtākuapoh pīhkenw tree needle; cedar or balsam boughs na shtāk catches fire, blazes up; catches hold (the fire) vii Cēhkapaewaqsan pīhkenw Cēhkapaewaqsan place name Cēhkapwaqsan catches fire vai2 sakhnaqsow celebrate catches fire vii nahkuahkonw celebrates vai1 mamnaww catches fire vii sakhnaqtw cellar makes him, her, it catch fire vta nahkīsīw cellar ni ahkīwikamek makes it catch fire vti1 nahkīsam cemetary catch hold cemetary, graveyard ni mīnhkhkan catches fire, blazes up; catches hold (the fire) vii cent pīhkenw copper, brass, cent ni osāwāph catfish penny, cent ni osāwāphkōhsh catfish na wāsēhsh center large catfish, bullhead na wāsew in the middle, along the center part nāweyaw catnip right in the center of the place ni meyāwatāhkyah catnip phrase kāsakh-maskīhkiw right in the center of the road, path part meyāwihkanaw cattle right in the center part meyāwehkaw cow barn, cattle barn ni peshkiwikamek ceremony cautious causes, invites people to smoke, gives a smoking party is cautious, shy, hard to catch vai1 nahnāsew or ceremony vai1 ohpuaheww loves, likes him, her, it; tries to keep him, her, it; is way of doing things, ceremony, culture ni esēhcekan wary, cautious of him, her, it vta tapānw worries, fusses over him, her, it; helps him, her, it out; loves, likes it; tries to keep it; is wary, cautious of it vti1 holds a ceremony over him or her (deceased person) vta tapātam wasēnawanw cautiously certainly acts carefully, cautiously vai1 papnakēqtaw anyway; certainly, definitely, actually, even this part cave in pōc caves in vii nuaskaw I am glad to accept, I'm glad to do it, I appreciate that, certainly, right away cedar part wayēpac cedar grove, cedar swamp ni kēshkīhkiw
33 chafe character chafes him, her, it vta pekōskaww character, way of being ni enātesen chaff is that way in nature, in character vai1 enātesew husks, chaff ni wasias way of being, character ni enātesewen chain charcoal chain, chains ni ohkōmānan coal, charcoal, gunpowder, powder ni mahkāhsiw chair chase chair ni atūtapyakan chase each other, drive each other that way vai2 swing, rocking chair, cradle ni wqpesuakan ensehotowak chalk chases him, her, it around vta papāmensehw red or yellow earth, clay, chalk ni manōnh chases him, her, it here, towards here vta pītensehw challenge (V) chases him, her, it into a place vta pīhtiknsehw accepts the challenge of it; dares, challenges it vti1 chases it around vti1 papāmensehtam matnehtam chases, drives him, her, it away vta mēwensehw challenges people vai1 matnemeww follows, pursues, chases him, her, it; follows suit on it dares, challenges him or her vta matnemw (card which has been played) vta nōcpenhw chance follows, pursues, chases it vti2 nōcpenhtaw by some chance, maybe, possibly part kawenakat pursues him, her, it, chases him, her, it along vta change (N) pemēnesehw change (money) ni īqsonekan pursues it, chases it along vti1 pemēnesēhtam change (V) runs faster than him, her, it; runs past, away from, ahead changes his or her footing; takes a step vai2 of him, her, it; chases him, her, it vta pemēpahw yātanhkow sends him, her, it there, towards there; chases, drives changes his or her nature vai1 kohkātesew him, her, it there, towards there vta ensehw changes his, her, its name vta yācenēhkanw chase out changes in appearance, has a changed appearance vai1 chases, drives, kicks him, her, it out of a place vta kohkēnākosew sākecensehw changes in appearance, has a changed appearance vii gets, chases him or her out of bed vta onēnesehw kohkīnākwat chastise changes its name vti1 yācenēhkatam makes him, her, it behave well; chastises, punishes him, changes, puts it on again vta yāshkaww her, it, teaches him, her, it a lesson vta mhnāwehw changes, puts it on again vti1 yāshkam chatter is strange, unfamiliar, changed vii mayākat barks; chatters (a squirrel) vai1 mekēw change clothes cheap changes clothes vai1 yāshkakw considers, counts it cheap; prices it cheap vta wnehpanakemw change of life stops bearing children, offspring; passes or has passed considers, counts it cheap; prices it cheap vti1 the bearing age, the change of life vai1 pūnūhsiw wnehpanakēhtam is easy to handle, get, do; is cheap vii wnehpanat chant (V) sings, chants vai2 nekāmow is easy to handle, to get; is cheap vai1 wnehpansew is priced cheap; is considered cheap vai2
34 wnehpanakēhsow chieftain is priced cheap; is considered cheap vii totem animal of the chieftain's family (turtle, bear, wnehpanakēhtw porcupine) na okēmāwenniw cheat chieftainess cheats him or her vta manīkahw chieftainess; queen, princess na okīmūhkiw cheats him or her vta waysemw chieftainship cheats people vai1 waysemeww chieftainship, kingdom ni okēmāwen takes off its fleece; cheats him or her vta mūnīkahw child cheek child na nīcian my cheek dna nemāmāw has children, has young vai1 onīcianhsew cheese little child, baby na nīcianōhsh cheese ni cīs my child na nenīcianh cherry my firstborn child na nenqtamūhsyan cherry tree na wīkīhsemenāhtek newborn child, infant na oskcian cherry na/ni wīkīhsemen childish chest is childish vai1 nīcianōwew my chest dni nhpāniah chimney my chest dni nhpānw pipestem, chimney, stovepipe ni ohpuakanāhtek chest (box) tube, pipe, stovepipe, lamp chimney ni kōhtakanāhtek box, chest, trunk ni mahkāh chin chew beard, short hairs on the chin ni mēqneton cannot manage to eat, chew it; fails to get him, her, it by my chin dni netāhphkan request or persuasion vta puawamw chinaware chews it fine vta pēqsamw china bead, wampum bead; chinaware, china na chews it fine vti1 pēqsahtam pēqsemek chews it vti1 sāqsakuahtam chinaware na wāqsāhkasōhsh chews something vai1 sāqsakuahcekw chip chews tobacco vai1 kuanhcekw wood chip ni piahnakat chews, chews on it vta sāqsakwamw chipmunk chick chipmunk na kahkīk chick na pākaqāhkwanēhsh tiny rodent resembling a chipmunk na wīpīskh chickadee Chippewa chickadee na kenēnēskapekonw Ojibwe, Chippewa na Ocīpīw chicken chocolate chicken coop ni pākaqāhkwanikamek chocolate milk ni osāwīk nōnākanp chicken, hen, rooster na pākaqāhkwan choice chief makes a choice vai1 onāpahcekw chief, Indian agent, president na okēmāw choke is the chief; is the Indian agent vai1 okēmāwew chokes him, her, it with his or her hands vta kīhketonnw chokes in water vti1 nkwahtam
35 stifles, chokes him, her, it vta wawānanamonw chops vai1 cēkekahekw stifles, chokes vai2 wawānanamow chop off chokecherry chops it through, off, breaks it through by tool vta chokecherry tree na phnāqnawemenāhtek kēskahw chokecherry na phnāqnawemen chops it through, off vta kēskekahw choose chops it through, off vti1 kēskekaham choose each other vai2 onāpahtowak chops something through, off vai1 kēskahekw chooses him, her, it, picks him, her, it out vta chops something through, off vii kēskahmakat pahkuahkonw is chopped through, off vai2 kēskahekāsow chooses it, picks it out vti1 pahkuahkonam is chopped through, off vii kēskahekātw chooses, picks him, her, it vta onāpamw chop through chooses, picks it vti1 onāpahtam chops it through, off, breaks it through by tool vta is chosen vai2 pahkuahkonekāsow kēskahw is chosen vii pahkuahkonekātw chops it through, off vta kēskekahw choosy chops it through, off vti1 kēskekaham is picky, choosy, finicky vai1 menātesew chops it through, off vti1 kīskāhkwaham chop (V) chops something through, off vai1 kēskahekw chopped stuff; chopped meat, hash ni pēqsahekan chops something through, off vii kēskahmakat chopping block, cutting board ni ahpēkahekan is chopped through, off vai2 kēskahekāsow chops a hole through the ice vti1 tuaham is chopped through, off vii kēskahekātw chops him or herself by accident vai2 pqtahosow chopper chops him, her, it fine vta pēqsahw chopper, grinder; plow na/ni pēqsepocekan chops him, her, it to pieces with an axe vta Christian kēhkēskekahw Christian religion, Christian services ni anāmehān chops him, her, it to pieces vta kēhkēskahw goes to church; practices the Christian religion; prays chops him, her, it to pieces vta kēskēskahw vai1 anāmehāw chops it fine vti1 pēqsaham chub chops it through or off, breaks it through by tool vti1 chub, minnow na otūnepih kēskaham church chops it to pieces with an axe vti1 kēhkēskekaham church building ni anāmehwikamek chops it to pieces vti1 kēhkēskaham goes to church; practices the Christian religion; prays chops it to pieces vti1 kēskēskaham vai1 anāmehāw chops it to small pieces vta pēqsekahw cider chops it to small pieces vti1 pēqsekaham apple juice, cider ni mēqsemenāpoh chops it vta cēkekahw cigar cigar chops it vti1 cēkekaham na nqnemāw-ohpuakan chops on something, on a block vai1 ahpēkahekw cigarette cigarette na masēnahekan-ohpuakan chops up wood, splits wood up small, makes kindling or firewood vai1 pēqsekahhnw cigarette na puakhsh chops, hits him, her, it by accident vta pqtahw needs, wants a cigarette, craves tobacco vai2 manhpiw chops, hits it by accident vti1 pqtaham
36 small pipe, cigarette na ohpuakhsh clay circle (N) red or yellow earth, clay, chalk ni manōnh dances around in a circle vai2 kiaqtāhsemow clean (A) runs in a circle around it vti1 kiaqtepāhtwatam clean place, clean ground ni pēnahkamekat runs in a circle vai4 kiaqtepāhtaw eats something all up, scrapes clean in eating vai1 sit forming a circle vai1 kiaqtapewak kāskahcekw circle (V) is a clean place, clean ground vii pēnahkamekat circles, moves circling vai1 wāweyakeqtaw is clean liquid vii pīnākamiw circular is clean vai1 pēnesew is circular vii wāweyakn is clean vii pēnat is round, circular, spherical vai1 wātanikew is soaked clean vai7 kesīqnakīhcen is round, circular, spherical vii wātanikn is soaked clean vii kesīqnakīhtw is round, circular; is full (the moon) vai1 wāweyakew looks clean vai1 pēnenakosew makes a circular trail vai2 kiaqtahāhsow looks clean vii pīnenakwat circus soaks him, her, it clean vta kesīqnakīhcemw circus tent, theater ni mamātāweqtawikamek soaks it clean vti2 kesīqnakīhcetaw show-people, circus troupe, theatrical company na clean (V) mamātāweqtawak cleans him, her, it up, cleans him, her, it vta pēnaqnw there is a performance, circus, theater vii cleans him, her, it vta pēnehw mamātāweqtanēwew cleans it up, cleans it vti2 pēnaqtaw wonderful performance, feat; exhibition, circus, cleans it vti2 pēnehtaw theatrical performance ni mamātāweqtan cleans things up; cleans house vai1 pēnaqcekw city cleans things, cleans up vai1 pēnehcekw settlement, village, town, city ni menīkān is skinned and cut up, butchered, dressed, cleaned vai2 clan wēnanēhcekasow clan na otōtm is skinned and cut up, butchered, dressed, cleaned vii has (something) as a clan vai1 otōtmew wēnanēhcekatw my clan dna netōtm sweeps it clear, cleans it with a broom vta cēkatahw clatter sweeps it clear, cleans it with a broom vti1 cēkataham goes clattering, roaring on or past vai1 pemīwkesew clear (A) goes clattering, roaring on or past vii pemīwkat clear, bright prev onēyāw- claw (N) is clear (the sky), is clear weather vii muqsāhkwat Claw (Oshkosh, WI) place name Oskas is clear water vii wāhkamiw my fingernail, toenail, hoof, claw dna neskās looks clear vii cīhkenakwat claw (V) makes it sound clear, accents it vti2 pakāhkiwhnetaw pulls, scratches, claws a hole in it vta tawēponw sweeps it clear, cleans it with a broom vta cēkatahw pulls, scratches, claws a hole in it vti2 tawēpotaw sweeps it clear, cleans it with a broom vti1 cēkataham scratches, claws him, her, it vta kāskeponw clear (V) scratches, claws him, her, itself vai2 kāskeponsow clears brush vai1 masīhekw scratches, claws it vti2 kāskepotāw clears his or her throat vai2 nanāhanamow clears his or her throat vai7 pckekōhtakan
37 clears off weeds vai1 cēhkaskahekw clinic clears the brush from it vti1 masīham medicine, herb; clinic na maskīhkiw clears the snow from it vti1 cēhkakonham Clintonville clears the weeds from it vti1 cēhkaskaham Clintonville (WI) place name Omīniahkan clears, sweeps the snow away vai1 cēhkakonhekw clock thing which clears the way ni menqtamēhkacekan clock na tepāhekan clear the way clock na tepāhekīsuqnyah goes ahead of, clears the way for him, her, it vta looks at the clock vai1 tepāhekīsuqniw menqtamēhkanw close (A) goes ahead of, clears the way for it vti1 at that side of, close by the water part ohtākam menqtamēhkatam at that side of, close by the wood or wall part ohtāhtek clear up by the shore or bank, close to the water's edge part clears up (sky, weather) vii pāhkawan cīkesitm clearly close, close by, close up, next to, near part cēk tries to see clearly; has good eyesight vai1 gets close to him, her, it; catches him, her, it vta menuatawapew kqshkaww clever gets close to it; catches it vti1 kqshkam is wise, learned, clever vai1 nepuahkaw has something on, close to his, her, its body; is cleverness provided, equipped with something vai1 keksew wisdom, learning, cleverness ni nepuahkan lies close up vai7 aqsecehsen cliff moves close up vai1 aqseceqtaw on top of a rock, cliff part wahkētāseph near, close by part kqceh rock, cliff na/ni āseph places, holds him, her, it close to something, to him or climb (V) herself vta aqsetnw climbs around vai1 kēwāhtaww places, holds it close to something, to him or herself vti1 climbs up on him, her, it vta ehkuahtawanw aqsetnam climbs up on it vti1 ehkuahtawatam seats him or herself close up to him, her, it vta climbs up vii ehkuahtawmakat nātapēqtaww moves, goes, climbs, gets down; goes downstairs vai1 seats him or herself close up to it vti1 nātapēqtam penēqtaw she stands close to him, her, it vta nēpowēqtaww runs back, backwards; climbs, comes down backwards sits at that side, close up there vai1 ohtāpew vai4 asīpahtaw sits in relation to, close up to him, her, it vta climb down ohtāpēqtaww climbs down, descends along wood or other solid thing sits in relation to, close up to it vti1 ohtāpēqtam (for example, a pole, tree, ladder); comes downstairs stands close to it vti1 nēpowēqtam vai1 nāsāhtaww stands close vai1 takīkāpowew climb up stands on that side of, up close to him, her, it vta climbs up, goes up a ladder, stairway vai1 ohcēkāpowēqtaww ehkuahtaww stands on that side of, up close to it vti1 cling ohcēkāpowēqtam sticks tight, is attached, clings vii akīqtaw stays close; hangs back, holds back vai2 kqciahkasow
38 walks right close up; walks fast vai1 kīhkohnw fabric, cloth, piece of cloth ni pākeweyān close (V) piece of cloth ni pākeweyānōhsh closes his or her fist vai1 kaskāmenhcīqtaw scrap of cloth ni pēwesekan closes his, her, its eyes; blinks vai1 kakīpehkīqtaw white cloth, cotton, linen; bedsheet ni wāpeskikan closes it (something solid) up by hand; closes it up with wool cloth ni kayīsawikah something solid by hand vta kepāhkonw clothe closes it (something solid) up by hand; closes it up with covers, clothes him, her, it vta akīhw something solid by hand vti1 kepāhkonam clothes closes it (something solid) up; closes it with something changes clothes vai1 yāshkakw solid; locks him, her, it up, jails him or her vta clothes, clothing ni akīnān kepāhkwahw covers up, wraps him or herself, puts on clothes; puts on closes it (something solid) up; closes it with something or wears a robe or blanket vai2 akōw solid vti1 kepāhkwaham puts on fine clothes, dresses up vai1 sāskāw closes it off by pulling a drawstring vta puts on warm clothes vai2 kēsawahow kaskāmahpenw tries it on vta koshkaww closes it off by pulling a drawstring vti2 kaskāmahpetāw tries it on vti1 koshkam closes its opening by hand vta kaskāmenw clothing closes its opening by hand vti1 kaskāmenam dress, clothing, outfit; costume ni esīhwan covers him, her, it, closes it with a cover, cloth, lid vta gets dressed, puts on clothing vai1 poqshkakw kepānohw gives him or her clothing; dresses him or her vta covers it, closes it with a cover, cloth, lid vti1 poqshkakhw kepānoham item of clothing ni poqshkakan covers, closes his or her mouth vai1 kepētonqtaw pulls it free; takes it (clothing) off vti1 kīqtenam covers, closes the opening of it with some object vta puts on, wears something as an extra layer of clothing; kepāhw puts on, wears underwear vai1 pēhtōskakw covers, closes the opening of it with some object vti1 kepāham cloud black clouds ni apīsānahkwat covers, closes the opening of something vai1 kepāhekw cloud ni ānahkwat grows blocked or shut; closes by natural growth (for gets, is covered by clouds (the sun) vai7 example, a wound) vii kepēken nekuanahkīhsen is blocked, closed off vii kepēhcekatw there are black clouds in the sky vii apīsānahkwat is covered up, closed vii kepāhkwahekātw there is a cloud vii ānahkwat yellow cloud ni osāwānahkwat close in urges him, her, it on by an instrument or action; closes cloud up in on him, her, it (in a race); keeps after him her, it vta is clouding up (the sky) vii wīhsānahkwat wēsāhw cloudy cloth is cloudy (the sky) vii nekuanahkwat black broadcloth ni akōm clover cloth goods (especially when given as gift or payment) clover ni wāqsāhkonawt-asēkan ni anōhkacekan clover ni wayāqsāhkonawk asēkan cloth, leather for tying things up ni wiahkīhpecekan
39 club (suit in playing cards) ten coins, ten dollars part metātahnwaph club suit na tans three coins, three dollars part nqnwaph coal two coins part nīsuaph coal, charcoal, gunpowder, powder ni mahkāhsiw coincidence hot coal, ember ni watūhsiw by coincidence, happening at just this time part places it on hot coals vta watūhsiwhsemw nhēwq places it on hot coals vti2 watūhsiwhnetaw colander coast (V) colander ni sīhkopinekan slides, coasts; sleds vai1 soqsomākw cold (A) toboggans, coasts vai1 suqsūhkihsemākw cold water ni tahkīkamiw coat feels cold vai1 pēhkacew coat, jacket ni pēhshkakan feels very cold vai1 kawācew fur coat ni wqnasikwan freezes, is frozen, feels very cold vai1 kēhkacew little coat; sweater ni pēhshkakhsh gets cold lying, cools off vai7 tahkēhsen raincoat, rubber coat ni osāqsapikasikwan gets cold lying, cools off vii tahkēhnen coax gets cold water on him, her, it, is in cold water; cools coaxes him, her, it vta nhēmw him, her, itself with, in water vai1 tahkāpāww makes, urges, encourages, coaxes him, her, it to run; gets or is in, gets or is wet with cold water, cools him, runs from him, her, it vta wpēhw her, itself with or in water vai1 tahkēqsew urges him or her on by speech; coaxes him or her; gets or is in, gets or is wet with cold water vii tahkēqnen pleads with him or her vta wēsāmw has cold, frozen feet vai1 kēhkacewesetw cob is a cold night vii kqsitephkat cob of Indian corn with grains on it, corn on the cob na is cold (weather) vii kqsiw kekāhtek is cool weather, coldish vii tahkāyw † corn cob na ociakāh it lies cold; is cold (a house) vii tahkāqtw corn cob na osiakāh north, to the north where it’s cold phrase kqsiw coffee enakah coffee ni kahpēh cold (N) kettle with spout, coffeepot na sēqsep-ahkh shivers (from cold) vai1 nenhkacew coffin cold (N; disease) coffin ni cēpay-mahkāh catches a cold vai1 tahkācew coil has a cold, a stuffy nose vai7 akēkon lies coiled vai7 wāweyakāpīhsen has a cold, a stuffy nose vai7 kepīqsahkwan lies coiled vii wāweyakāpihnen collapse coin breaks down, falls with something that collapses vai7 coin, coin worn as an ornament na sūniyan nuahsen five coins part niananwaph breaks down, falls with something that collapses vii four coins part nīwuaph nuahnen money, coin, dollar, silver ni sūniyan collar one coin part nekūtuaph collar ni ohkīkanhcekan six coins part nekūtuasetāhnwaph my collar ni nhkīkanhcekan
40 collect come in single file vai2 pītāwantowak assemble, collect themselves all together vai7 comes (a gust of wind) vii pakāmqnn māwacēhsenok comes and looks in on him, her, it, pays him, her, it a assemble, collect themselves all together vii visit vta pōhpyapamw māwacēhnenon comes eating him, her, it, brings him, her, it in his or collects money from him or her, duns him or her vta her mouth vta pītamw nātesenhekuww comes eating it, brings it in his or her mouth vti1 gathers, collects them vta māwacehw pītahtam gathers, collects them vti2 māwacēhtaw comes from there or for that reason vai1 ohshkaw is gathered, collected vai2 māwacēhcekasow comes from there or for that reason vii ohshkaw is gathered, collected vii māwacēhcekatw comes from there vai1 ohcēw collectively comes running vai4 pīhpahtaw all in one place, collectively part nayqtah comes speeding, gliding here, towards here vii color (N) pīhpetw color; dye, coloring matter; crayons ni athsekan comes to a place vai3 ahpīw is dyed so, colored in that way vii enāthtw comes to its proper end (the road) vii piatwepanīw is mottled, spotted, of more than one color vai5 ketāken comes to, at it from there or for that reason vti1 is mottled, spotted, of more than one color vii ketākīw ohshkam shows light, color; flashes a light vai1 wāqsāhkonaww comes too late vai7 kashkehsen shows light, color; is lit up vii wāqsāhkonaww comes with news of him, her, it vta pītācemw shows light; has color vii wāqsāhkonawt comes with news of it vti1 pītātotam color (V) comes with noise vai1 pītīwkesew dyes, colors it vta athsiw comes vai3 pīw dyes, colors it vti1 athsam comes vii pīmakat dyes, colors things vai1 athsekw descends from the air, comes to the ground, settles is colored, dyed vii athcekotw down from flight vai7 pwehsen is dyed so, colored in that way vai2 enāthsow he or she comes to, at him, her, it from there or for that is dyed, colored; ripe vai2 athsow reason vta ohshkaww is dyed, colored; ripe vii athtw is coming (a storm) vii nhcīwat makes him, her, it come by calling, calls him, her, it coltsfoot here vta pīcemw sweet coltsfoot, Virginia waterleaf ni tethpeciph makes it come by calling vti1 pītotam comb (N) misses him, her, it (animate; person, train) by coming comb ni penhkwan too late vta kashkaww fine-tooth comb ni penāhekan sees him, her, it coming, goes, comes to look at him, comb (V) her, it vta pīsāpamw combs his or her hair vai2 sāwhamasow sees it coming, goes, comes to look at it vti1 pīsāpahtam combs his or her hair vti1 sāwham towards here, coming; in the past course of time; always come in the past prev pes- busy themselves one with the other, attend to each come about other; pick lice from each other; come together vai2 comes about, the time or turn comes vii mīhkihnn tasiahkatowak
41 come down come upon comes down, lies down with noise vai7 tanīwhsen comes upon him, her, it vta meyōskaww comes down, lies with noise; rings vii tanīwhnen comes upon it vti1 meyōskam comes down, lies, works well, is well placed; in a comes upon, discovers him, her, it vta othnw favorable position, in (people's, a woman's) good graces comes upon, discovers it vti1 othtam vai7 menīhsen comfort (V) falls down hard, comes down with a flop or bang vai7 pities him, her, it; blesses him, her, it; helps, comforts pakāskehsen him, her, it vta sawnemw falls down hard, comes down with a flop or bang vii pities it; blesses it; helps, comforts it vti1 sawnehtam pakāskehnn comfortably falls, comes down with noise vai7 nūhtakīhsen sits comfortably vai1 menuapew falls, comes down with noise vii nūhtakīhnen comforter it comes down, lies, works well, is well placed vii comforter ni sakēpetw menīhnen comforter ni sakēpetw-wāpoweyān rings; comes down ringing vii senāwhnen comical runs back, backwards; climbs, comes down backwards is comical vii osāmesemakat vai4 asīpahtaw companion sinks down, comes down flat vai7 nāsehsen my sister, my female parallel cousin, friend, companion sinks down, comes down flat vii nāsehnn (woman speaking) dna nētekh come from companionship comes from there vai1 ohpīw relieves his or her loneliness by giving him or her come in companionship vta nqtashkaww goes indoors, into a place, comes in, enters (a house) company vai1 pīhtikw in company part ānhkom come off show-people, circus troupe, theatrical company na peels off, comes off from where it is stuck vii mamātāweqtawak pāpakōskaw compel come out gets control over, controls, compels it; gets, earns it; comes out (smoke) vii sākāpaqtw manages, can do it vti2 wīhkihtaw moves into view, comes out into view from behind, gets control over, controls, convinces, compels him, her, under something vai1 mōhkeqtaw it; gets, earns it; manages it vta wīhkihw moves, comes, gets out of a narrow or snug place vai1 compensation kecēqtaw compensation ni āpīnamontwan come to compete comes to him, her, it vta pīqtaww compete; gamble vai2 aqtatowak comes, returns to consciousness vai1 pāhkawatsew compete; race vai2 khcianetowak come to pass competes in a race, game vai1 khciakatew comes to pass; is here, up (the time) vii tepēhnen competes with people; gambles with people vai2 come up aqtawekow emerges; comes up from under water vai2 mōskamow competes, gambles with him or her vta aqtaww
42 complain about it; has consciousness vti1 khkēnam complains vai1 tāhtekemīw consent (V) complete (V) consents vai1 onuacēw completes, finishes it vta kēsehw consider completes, finishes it vti2 kēsehtaw carefully considers it, finds it in his or her recollection completely vti1 mīhkinēhtam entirely, completely; beyond repair or restoration prev consist yāhpec- is perforated, honeycombed; consists of several rooms (a in the past, finished, completely prev kēs- house) vii sīqsepikn conduct consort (V) conducts, conveys, carries, leads him, her, it around vta consort, play, work together vai2 wētōhkatowak papāmianw strives to get him, her, it, works at it; courts him or her; conducts, conveys, carries, leads it around vti2 illicitly consorts with him or her vta mēhkemw papāmiatāw constantly conducts, guides, leads, conveys him, her, it, takes him, constantly, over and over, over again, repeatedly prev her, it along, on, past vta pemianw yāpec- conducts, guides, leads, conveys it, takes it along, on, constantly, without let-up, over and over; entirely part past vti2 pemiatāw yāpec conductor constellation conductor, guide; nurse na pemneww unidentified constellation ni awhsh-osīkan confess unidentified constellation ni awhsh-wēs narrates about him or herself; confesses vai2 ācemsow constipated puts down, leaves, throws away, discards things; gives is blocked; is constipated vai1 kepskaw something up; confesses (to a Catholic priest) vai1 is constipated vai1 puaqcow pakēcekw constitute confuse grows, develops so; is shaped, constituted so; fares so is at a loss about it, thinks it is a confused matter vti1 vai1 esēkew nqswanātnehtam constrict is confused in his or her mind vai1 constricts it; it thunders, there is a peal of thunder vti1 pāhpenawnehcekw pīmāhkwaham is crazy, distraught, confused vai1 wāwiaqnesew constricts it vta pīmāhkwahw makes a mess of things, lives in a confused way vai1 construct nqswanātahkameksew constructs it vti2 onāhkihnetāw makes him, her, it (animate) confused; makes a mess of constructive it vta nqswanācehw is always getting things done, is constructive, makes it confused, makes a mess of it vti2 industrious, active vai1 osēhcekckiw nqswanācehtaw contain talks beyond his or her understanding, confuses him or contains enough liquid to cover the bottom vai1 sesūpīw her with talk vta wawānemw contains enough liquid to cover the bottom vii sesūpīw consciousness comes, returns to consciousness vai1 pāhkawatsew knows, understands, gets it; knows (such-and-such)
43 container has control over him or herself; makes him or herself do is inside something, in an envelope or container vai2 something; can manage, get along vai2 wīhkihsow pēhsow has him, her, it under complete control vta is inside something, in an envelope, container vii kakīcpenanw pēhtw convey continent brings, leads, conveys him, her, it out vta ketāwanw island; continent ni mens brings, leads, conveys it out vti2 ketāwataw contingency conducts, conveys, carries, leads him, her, it around vta may, might, perhaps, let it be, would have (but didn't), papāmianw possibility, contingency part pas conducts, conveys, carries, leads it around vti2 continuation papāmiatāw in adjunction, in continuation part ānhkow conducts, guides, leads, conveys him, her, it, takes him, in adjunction, in continuation pren ānhkow- her, it along, on, past vta pemianw continue conducts, guides, leads, conveys it, takes it along, on, still, yet, continuing part mecinew past vti2 pemiatāw continuing conveys, takes, leads him, her, it there, towards there still, yet, continuing part meciw new vta esianw unheeding, continuing without regard to speech or other conveys, takes, leads it there, towards there vti2 esiatāw interference part wāwahtq drags, hauls him, her, it; conveys him, her, it in a wagon or sleigh vta otācemw contrarily contrarily, perversely, just at the wrong time, too late; drags, hauls it; conveys it in a wagon or sleigh vti2 after all that part kamāc otācehtaw in spite of obstacles or interference, nevertheless, starts to transport, lead, convey it away vti2 contrarily part wēkew wpāwataw takes, leads, conveys him, her, it along a straight course, contrast however, in contrast, for his, her, its part part wenah straight to the destination vta meyāwianw precision, contrast, selective, emphatic part new takes, leads, conveys him, her, it inside vta pīhtikawanw control takes, leads, conveys it along a straight course, straight controls, manages, gets, earns it for him or her vta to the destination vti2 meyāwiatāw wīhkihtuww takes, leads, conveys it inside vti2 pīhtikawataw controls, owns, keeps him, her, it; is master over him, her, it vta tepnemw transport, lead, convey him, her, it away vta wpāwanw controls, owns, keeps it; is master over it vti1 tepnehtam transports, conveys him, her, itself, manages to make his, her, its trip vai2 pemianesow gets control of something; gets or earns something, earns money vii wīhkihcekmakat convey back gets control of something; gets, earns something, earns takes, leads, conveys him, her, it back, home vta money vai1 wīhkihcekw kīwianw gets control over, controls, compels it; gets, earns it; takes, leads, conveys it back, home vti2 kīwiatāw manages, can do it vti2 wīhkihtaw takes, leads, conveys it back vti2 waskiatāw gets control over, controls, convinces, compels him, her, it; gets, earns it; manages it vta wīhkihw
44 convince is cooked in soup vii napūpīqtw gets control over, controls, convinces, compels him, her, is cooked tender vai2 nīqsow it; gets, earns it; manages it vta wīhkihw is cooked tender vii nīqtw cook (N) is cooked tough vai2 pākosow cook na cēpāhkow is cooked tough vii pākotw cook (V) is used as an ingredient in cooking vai2 kōnosow can be smelled in cooking or burning, reaches one (the is used as an ingredient in cooking vii kōnotw scent of it cooking or burning) vai2 pīcemiaqsow is well cooked vai2 menōsow can be smelled in cooking or burning vii pīcemiaqtw is well cooked vii menōtw cooking place; stove, cookstove ni cīpāhkwakan outdoor cooking place, outdoor hearth ni cooking; things cooked; gift of food ni cīpāhkwan akuatahkhkwan cooks dumplings vai2 osāqsekamesiahkow prepares to cook vai2 onsiahkow cooks for him, her, it; gives him, her, it a ceremonial gift smells good in cooking or burning vai2 menīmiaqsow of food or tobacco vta cēpāhkonw smells good in cooking or burning vii menīmiaqtw cooks for someone; makes a ceremonial gift (especially uses seasoning, cooks things in, with something vai1 of food) vai1 cēpāhkoseww ahpāpoww cooks it (for example, onion) with other things, uses it cookie as an ingredient in cooking vta kūnosiw biscuit, cracker, cookie na pahkīsekhsh cooks it done, cooks it; gives him, her, it a burn vta cooking kīsesiw boils things tough, is tough (his or her cooking) vai2 cooks it in soup vta napūpīqsiw pākosiahkow cooks it in soup vti1 napūpīqsam cookstove cooks it tender vta nīqsiw stove, cookstove ni kesiaphkesekan cooks it tender vti1 nīqsam cool (A) cooks it tough vta pākosiw blows (a cool wind); is in the cool wind vii tahkqnen cooks it tough vti1 pākosam is a bit cool (weather) vii tahkīhsewew cooks it well vta menūsīw is cool (the weather) vii tahkīw cooks it well vti1 menōsam is cool liquid, cool water vii tahkīkamiw cooks it vti1 kēsesam is cool weather, coldish vii tahkāyw † cooks noisily, sizzles, sputters, crackles vii is falling (a cool rain) vii tahkpīqnen kāketowtw cool (V) cooks well vai2 menūsiahkow gets cold lying, cools off vii tahkēhnen cooks vai2 cēpāhkow gets cold water on him, her, it, is in cold water; cools finishes cooking, cooks the food done vai2 kīsesiahkow him, her, itself with, in water vai1 tahkāpāww gets a burn, is burned; is cooked done, cooked vai2 gets or is in the wind, cools him, her, itself in the breeze kēsesow vai1 nōwqsew gets overcooked, burned in cooking vai2 gets or is in, gets or is wet with cold water, cools him, osāmhnāqsow her, itself with or in water vai1 tahkēqsew gets overcooked, burned in cooking vii osāmhnāqtw is in the cool wind, cools him, her, itself in the wind is cooked done, cooked vii kēsetw vai1 tahkqsew is cooked in soup vai2 napūpīqsow lets it cool to hardness vta pākacēhsemw
45 lets it cool to hardness vti2 pākacēhnetaw husks corn vai2 peskahāqsow cool off leaf of corn plant ni wāpemenpak gets cold lying, cools off vai7 tahkēhsen mature Indian corn na maskāweqkowak coop plays music; plays the violin; eats corn on the cob vai1 chicken coop ni pākaqāhkwanikamek kāketopīhekw cooperate popcorn, corn for popping phrase nānīhsh-wāpemen associates, cooperates, plays with him, her, it vta popcorn na ketāqsowak wētōhkaww sweet corn na sakāckapemen associates, cooperates, plays with it; takes part in it vti1 sweet corn na sēwāpemen wētōhkam white sweet corn na wāpeskapemen cooperative young, tender Indian corn na nōhkeqkowak feels at one with him or her, feels cooperative with him corn bread or her vta wētōhkawnemw corn bread (unleavened) na enn-apuan copper Corn Settlement copper, brass, cent ni osāwāph Corn Settlement (Menominee reservation) place name cord (rope) Wāpemen Menīkān my cord, my sinew (in body) dni necīqtan corner rope, cord, string; boundary line ni kāhkap around a bend, turning a corner part kohkw spreading dogbane; hemp, cord made of the fiber of corpse spreading dogbane na sqnap corpse, dead person; ghost na cēpay cord (wood) correct (A) cord of wood ni ohkuaqtw correct, correctly; as the main thing part myaw cork falls, lands, lies straight; is correct vai7 meyāwehsen stopper, cork ni kepāhcihekan falls, lands, lies straight; is correct vii meyāwehnn corn is properly placed, proper, correct; is in the right shape boils hard corn in the shell vai2 mesānānesiahkow vii kwayāhkehnn cob of Indian corn with grains on it, corn on the cob na proper, correct pren kwayāk- kekāhtek correct (V) corn (plant, ear, grain) na wāpemen straightens him, her, it out by hand, guides or corrects corn cob na ociakāh him, her, it vta meyāwenw corn cob na osiakāh straightens it out by hand, guides or corrects it vti1 corn husk ni watpak meyāwenam cornstalk, stalk of Indian corn na asēqtakan correctly dark Indian corn, blue corn na aphnapemen well, correctly, properly, thoroughly prev pc- does his or her husking, husks corn vai2 well, thoroughly, properly, correctly, right, good part manāskenāqsow pc hard-shell corn boiled whole na mesānān writes things down correctly vai1 pcasāqcekw hard-shelled Indian corn boiled out in lye na costume kecēhkoneysekan dress, clothing, outfit; costume ni esīhwan hill for planting corn, potatoes na phkuahekan cotton hull corn na cēhkoweysekwanak sheep; cotton batting, wool na mānestānes
46 white cloth, cotton, linen; bedsheet ni wāpeskikan has, treats him or her as a cross-cousin vta cottontail rabbit owēhtāwehsemw cottontail rabbit na mesww my male cousin dna wc-nēmat cough my male parallel cousin (man speaking; voc.) dna neqat coughs; has tuberculosis vai2 ohnqnomow my sister (man speaking), my brother (woman council speaking); my parallel cousin of opposite sex dna council house ni kīketowikamek nekōqsemaw councilman or woman na kēketowenniw my sister, my female parallel cousin, friend, companion (woman speaking) dna nētekh deliberates, holds a council vai1 tepōww speech; word; debate, council; speaker ni kīketwan cover (N) cover (for example, of a book) ni petākwahekan count cover, lid ni kepānohekan counts him, her, it vta akēmw counts it vti1 akēhtam cover (N) (blanket) thick coverlet, quilt ni khpākakom counts things vai1 akēhcekw does his or her counting, counts, reckons vai2 cover (V) buries him, her it; covers him, her, it with sand, earth, akēhtaqsow ashes vta anīkwahw is counted vai2 akēhcekasow contains enough liquid to cover the bottom vii sesūpīw is counted vii akēhcekatw covers him, her, it, closes it with a cover, cloth, lid vta counter kepānohw counter, poker chip ni akēhcekan covers him, her, it, puts a cover on or over him, her, it country vta petākohw is a rough country vii mamiahtāhkiwew covers it, closes it with a cover, cloth, lid vti1 couple kepānoham married couple na owiahtowak covers it, puts a cover on or over it vti1 petākoham married couple na pemēhetowak covers the mouth or opening of him, her, it with his or young married couple na pemēhetōhsak her hand vta kepētonnw courage covers the mouth or opening of it with his or her hand taking courage part sāsōhketh vti1 kepētonnam court (N) covers the opening of it, blocks it with his or her hand judgement; session of court ni tepāhkonekan vta kepōnw court (V) covers the opening of it, blocks it with his or her hand goes courting vai1 mīkiahnw vti1 kepōnam strives to get him, her, it, works at it; courts him or her; covers things vai1 petākwahekw illicitly consorts with him or her vta mēhkemw covers up, wraps him or herself, puts on clothes; puts on cousin or wears a robe or blanket vai2 akōw are brothers, cousins, friends; they make friends with covers, closes his or her mouth vai1 kepētonqtaw each other vai2 owēmatēhtowak covers, closes the opening of it with some object vta are cross-cousins to each other vai2 kepāhw owēhtāwehsēhtowak covers, closes the opening of it with some object vti1 boy speaking: my brother, (boy) cousin dna nēmat kepāham brothers, cousins, friends na owēmatēhtowak covers, closes the opening of something vai1
47 kepāhekw crack (V) covers, clothes him, her, it vta akīhw cracks it with his or her teeth vta pīhkamw covers, wraps him, her, it in cloth vta kaskīwīkenw cracks it with his or her teeth vti1 pīhkahtam covers, wraps him, her, it up vta kaskīwenw cracks it vti1 pīhkaham covers, wraps it in cloth vti1 kaskīwīkenam cracker covers, wraps it up vti1 kaskīwenam biscuit, cracker, cookie na pahkīsekhsh dodges, ducks, hides behind something, defends him or crackle herself, covers him or herself from getting hit vai2 cooks noisily, sizzles, sputters, crackles vii tapāsow kāketowtw gets, is covered by clouds (the sun) vai7 cradle nekuanahkīhsen is on the cradle-board vai1 thkēw gets, is covered by sand or earth, by a landslide vai2 swing, rocking chair, cradle ni wqpesuakan nekuamhkskosow cradle-board gets, is covered with sand, earth, ashes vai2 cradle-board ni thkēnākan anīkoskosow ties, carries him or her on the cradle-board vta hangs it to cover an opening vta kepākonw thkēnw hangs it to cover an opening vti2 kepākotaw craftiness is covered up, closed vii kepāhkwahekātw deceit, craftiness ni kakāynesewen is covered with moss vai1 aqnāhkamekōwew crafty is covered with moss vii aqnāhkamekōwew is deceitful, crafty vai1 kakāynesew is covered, covered up vai2 petākwahekāsow cramp (N) is covered, covered up vii petākwahekātw has cramps, spasms vai2 ocpāhosow is covered vai2 kepānohekāsow cranberry is covered vii kepānohekātw cranberry juice ni piakemenāpoh it gets, is covered by sand, earth, a landslide vii cranberry ni piakemen nekuamhkskotw crane (bird) lies covered with grass, overgrown by weeds vai7 crane na otqciah kepuaskehsen crappie lies covered, wrapped vii kaskīwaqtw crappie, silver bass na sāqsakīqsahkwan wraps, covers him, her, it, especially with cloth vta crash (N) wīwīkenw falls with a crash vai7 cīqcīhkihsen wraps, covers it, especially with cloth vti1 wīwīkenam crash (V) cow there is a roaring, crashing sound vii tatācekiww cow barn, cattle barn ni peshkiwikamek crave cow, ox; bison, buffalo na peshkiw needs, wants a cigarette, craves tobacco vai2 cow na okōw-peshkiw manhpiw cowhide na peshkiwakom crawfish milk cow na sēnenekāsow crawfish na nahnākw cowrie shell crawfish na ohtāwakamk wampum bead; cowrie shell na mēkes crawl crawls out vai2 kecētācekow
48 crawls, creeps, rolls, drives there, towards there vai2 atāwamw esētācekow gets it on credit vta masēnahw crawls, drives downhill vai2 nōhsemetācekow gets it on credit vti1 masēnaham crawls, drives here, towards here vai2 pīcetacekow gets things on credit vai1 masēnahekw crawls, drives into a place vai2 pīhtiktācekow lets him or her have things on credit vta crawls, drives on, along, past vai2 pemētācekow masēnhtnw crawls, slithers; drives in a wagon, sleigh vai2 otācekow lets people have things on credit vai1 gets under something, stoops under, crawls under vai1 masēnhtseww nkiqtaw creek goes for a drive, drives around; crawls around vai2 creek ni sīpiahsēhsh papāmetacekow creep (V) moves into an enclosing place; crawls in somewhere crawls, creeps, rolls, drives there, towards there vai2 vai1 khtāqtaw esētācekow crawl out cress crawls out of a place vai2 sākecetācekow bitter-root, large-tooth cress na otāpehpn crayon crib color; dye, coloring matter; crayons ni athsekan crib, small bed ni nepākhsh crazy cricket acts crazily, runs amok vai1 kēwansew cricket na kecīckaqsapīw acts excessively or crazily, overdoes it, is greedy vai1 cripple (V) wanēnw is crippled vai1 māhkekew crazy person na wāwiaqnesew is crippled vii māhkekn is crazy, distraught, confused vai1 wāwiaqnesew is paralyzed, stiff, crippled vai1 nepīkew is troublesome, unruly, crazy vii wpat is paralyzed, stiff, crippled vii nepīken is unruly, troublesome, crazy; starts off in a bad, foolish critical way; has the start of an attack of illness, of a stroke vai1 is urgent; things are getting to a critical point; is close wpesew quarters vii ocianemat wanders around, is homeless; is crazy, nuts vai1 criticize kēwenw criticizes him, her, it (animate), mentions his, her, its creak shortcomings vta pqsekomw creaking part kēkcec criticizes it, mentions its shortcomings vti1 creaks vii kecīckiww pqsekōhtam rustles, creaks in the wind vii kāketowqnen crooked creature is crooked, bent, curved vai1 wākekew edible creature, something good to eat ni muakan is crooked, bent, curved vii wākekn grows well, does well; is a good person, creature, thing twists up, goes crooked vii pīmeskaw vai1 menīkew crop (gizzard) credit small bladder; crop, gizzard; bubble ni wīhkōhsh borrows, gets credit, buys from him or her vai1 crop (N) atāww produce, crop, raised things ni kēsekēhcekan borrows, gets credit, buys from him or her vta things raised, crop, crops ni pīcekēhcekan
49 cross (A) crow is mean, unpleasant, cross vai1 wēyātesew crow na nāhtek is taciturn, sullen, cross vai1 nepōhkesew Crow Settlement cross (N) Crow Settlement (Menominee Reservation) place name Christian cross na anāmehwāhtek Kākākēhsh Omnikan cross (V) crowbar crosses a body of water; fords, ferries across; crosses on iron, piece of iron, iron utensil; crowbar; telephone ni a bridge vai1 mesākw ohkōmān crosses a bridge, crosses, fords vai1 āsokw crowd (V) runs crossing over; runs crossing a bridge, fording vai4 crowd each other vai2 pakōskamatowak āsokpahtaw crowds him, her, it vta pakōskamoww sits with legs crossed vai1 āsuakanpew crown there is a crossing of roads vii pūhkipanīw wears a crown vai2 owēnāhpesow uses something to cross it; crosses water vti1 āsuaham wears it as a crown vti1 owēnhkam cross-cousin crush are cross-cousins to each other vai2 grinds, crushes him, her, it to a powder vta sīw owēhtāwehsēhtowak grinds, crushes it to a powder vti1 sam has, treats him or her as a cross-cousin vta smashes, crushes it bodily in his or her hand vta owēhtāwehsemw pīkocinw cross-eyed smashes, crushes it bodily in his or her hand vti1 sees things wrong, twisted; is cross-eyed vai1 pīkocinam pīmeskwatawapew crust cross-nephew snow is crusting, crusty vii sahkākonakat has (someone as) a cross-nephew vai1 snowcrust ni wanw onhkwanhsew there is a crust on the snow vii wanw has, treats him as his sister's son, as his cross-nephew crutch vta onhkwanhsemw cane, crutch ni tāhpatah man's sister's son, cross-nephew na crutch ni kīqcenhkihoswan onhkwanhsemaw cry cross-niece vai4 māw cross-niece na oqnemhsemāw bites, stings him or her to crying vta shsqnamw has a cross-niece vai1 oqnemhsew cries a lot vai2 kāqcemēhkow has, treats her as a cross-niece vta oqnemhsemw cries for that reason vai2 ohtātīmow crosswise cries out loud vai2 ōhōhatimow crosswise, sideways part pemēc cries sobbing vai2 ehkuatīmow lies crosswise, sideways vai7 pemēcehsen cries too much vai2 osāmatimow lies crosswise, sideways vii pemēcehnn cries, mourns for him, her, it vta nawēmw crotch cries, mourns for it vti1 nawēhtam crotch ni wāpīh cries, weeps vii mōmakat crouch makes him or her cry vta mōhw crouches, stoops, bends over vai1 nēkeqtaw starts to cry vai2 wpatimow
50 stops crying vai2 pūnatimow makes him, her, it live, restores him, her, it to life, saves stops talking, calling, crying vai1 pōhkoww his, her, its life, cures him, her, it vta pemācehw cry out curer calls out, cries out vai2 ohcēmow curer, physician, doctor na ennīhcekw gives out a vocal noise; cries out, hollers, yells vai2 curl up kāketow lies as a curled up length vai7 wākāpīhsen cucumber lies as a curled up length vii wākāpīhnen cucumber ni kōhkōp current (N) cultivate drives logs down the current, river-drives vai1 loosens the soil; hoes, cultivates vai2 paskuahahkow miahocekw culture curve (V) way of doing things, ceremony, culture ni esēhcekan curves, bends (the road) vii wākepanīw cup is crooked, bent, curved vai1 wākekew cup, teacup ni kuapenakhsh is crooked, bent, curved vii wākekn five fillings, bagsful, cupsful part niananōsken cut (V) four fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nīwōsken cuts a hole in it vta tawsīw half a filling, half a cupful, half full part āphtōsken cuts a hole in it vti1 tawsam one filling, bagful, cupful part nekōtōsken cuts a piece from it vta packīsīw six fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nekūtuasetāhnōsken cuts a piece from it vti1 packīsam so many fillings, bagsful, cupsful part tahnōsken cuts and takes it vta mamsīw ten fillings, bagsful, cupsful part metātahnōsken cuts and takes it vti1 mamsam three fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nqnōsken cuts him or herself by accident vai2 pqtesow two fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nīsōsken cuts him, her, it by mistake vta pqtesīw cup plant cuts him, her, it open, opens him, her, it by cutting vta cup plant ni ayāyiqsawskah pāhkesiw cuts his or her hair; gets his or her hair cut cupboard vai2 mōhsow cupboard ni aqtāqswan cuts his or her hair vta mūhsiw curdle cuts his or her nails vai2 kīskekasīsosow hardens; curdles vii maskāwehnn cuts his, her, its throat vta kīskekiyawhw curds cuts his, her, its throat vta kīskekiyawsīw curds, curdled milk ni maskāwehnn cuts holes through it vta tahtāwesiw cure (N) cuts holes through it vti1 tahtāwesam means, method of cure ni nanātawēhcekan cuts it at the end vti1 sēqsesam cure (V) cuts it by mistake vti1 pqtesam cures him or herself; brings success to him or herself cuts it in a circle vta kiaqtesiw vai2 ennīhesow cuts it in a curve; cuts around it vta wacksīw cures people vai1 ennīheww cuts it in a curve; cuts around it vti1 wacksam cures, heals, relieves him, her, it; makes him, her, it cuts it in a spiral vta wāwīyāpīqsiw well; relieves him, her, it of want vta ennīhw cuts it in a spiral vti1 wāwīyāpīqsam cures, relieves it vti2 ennīhtaw cuts it into scraps, slabs vta sīkiponw doctors, cures vai1 ennīhcekw cuts it into scraps, slabs vti2 sīkipotāw
51 cuts it open, opens it by cutting vti1 pāhkesam cut off vai2 kēskesethosow cuts on something, uses a cutting block vai1 cuts things through vai1 kēskesekw ahpēqsaww is cut through, off vai2 kēskesekāsow cuts, slices him, her, it through vta kīskesiw is cut through, off vii kēskesekātw cuts, slices it through, off vta kēskesw cut up cuts, slices it through, off vti1 kēskesam cuts it up into small bits; skins and carves it (a cuts, whittles a hole in it vta tawhkonw slaughtered animal) into small cuts vta pēqsananehw cuts, whittles a hole in it vti1 tawhkotam cuts it up into small bits vti2 pēqsananehtaw grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vta cuts, whittles it up small vta pēqshkonw pēqseponw cuts, whittles it up small vti1 pēqshkotam grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vti2 is skinned and cut up, butchered, dressed, cleaned vii pēqsepotāw wēnanēhcekatw is cut into scraps vai2 sīkiposow skins and cuts it up, butchers, dresses it vta is cut into scraps vii sīkipotw wēnanehw whittles, cuts it into shavings vta pēwhkonw skins and cuts it up, butchers, dresses it vti2 whittles, cuts it into shavings vti1 pēwhkotam wēnanēhtaw cut down skins and cuts up game, does butchering vai1 cuts it down by tool vta kawāhw wēnanēhcekw cuts it down by tool vti1 kawāham cute cuts trees down, does logging, logs vai2 kēskahāhkow in a pretty, cute, funny way part ont cut off cuts him or herself through, cuts off some part of him or herself; has a part of him, her, it cut off vai2 kēskesosow cuts his or her own foot, toe through, off; gets a foot, toe cut off vai2 kēskesethosow cuts it off vta pahksīw cuts it off vti1 pahksam cuts off his or her finger, hand vta kēskenhcihw cuts off his or her own finger, hand vai2 kēskenhcihosow has a foot, toe cut off, lacks a foot, toe vai1 kēskesetw is cut off, ends (the road) vii kīskepaniw is cut through, off vai2 kēskesekāsow is cut through, off vii kēskesekātw cut open cuts him, her, it open vta tātosiw cuts it open vti1 tātosam cut through cuts him or herself through, cuts off some part of him or herself; has a part of him, her, it cut off vai2 kēskesosow cuts his or her own foot, toe through, off; gets a foot, toe
52 dandruff dandruff ni ahkānhkwan has dandruff vai1 ahkānhkwanēwew head-dirt, combings, dandruff ni wīnahkwan D danger hurries there, towards there; runs from danger in that direction vai1 ensemow dad is dangerous, there is danger vii nīsānat father, dad, daddy na pāpāh runs from danger to a safe place vai1 mīhkinsemow dam there is danger of it part papānāc dam ni kasknekan there is great danger part nanīsānahkamek damage thinks there is serious danger, thinks things are does something wrong with him, her, it; damages, desperate vti1 pāpanatnehtam abuses him, her, it vta konpācehw dangerous does something wrong with it; damages, abuses it vti2 is dangerous, there is danger vii nīsānat konpācehtaw is dangerous vai1 nīsānesew falls with hurt or damage vii patāhkehnn looks dangerous vai1 nanīsānenakosew falls with hurt, damage vai7 patāhkehsen looks dangerous vii nanīsānenakwat quietly, silently; without damage, safely part nawāq dare (V) damp accepts the challenge of it; dares, challenges it vti1 is moist, damp vii otākīw matnehtam dance (gathering) dares, challenges him or her vta matnemw dance, party ni nīmihtwan dark (A) dance (N) at night, in the dark part nīpāteph dance (gathering) ni nīmihtwan dark-colored, blue pren aps- dance ni nīmwan is dark; is night vii kīskanītephkat dream dance ni enāpahtan nīmwan is dark-colored, blue vai5 aphnen jingle dance ni senāwh nīmwan is dark-colored, blue vii aphniw dance (V) dark (N) dances around in a circle vai2 kiaqtāhsemow is there in the dark vii kīskanītephkaqtw dances too much vai2 osāmehsemow sits in the dark; is there in the dark vai1 dances well vai2 nhēhsemow kīskanītephkapew dances with him, her, it vta wīcehseminotaww sits in the dark; sits, lies, is there as a dark object vai1 dances with it vti1 wīcehseminotam nqsekapew dances wrong vai2 kēwanēhsemow sits in the dark; sits, lies, is there as a dark object vii dances vai2 nēmow nqsekaqtw fancy dances vai2 mēsātnemow sits up at night, sits in the dark vai1 nīppew jingle dances vai2 nāwtōhsanemow the dark ni kīskanītephkan works in the dark vai1 kīskanītephkanōhkw dancer dancer na nēmow darkness night, darkness ni wanītephkan
53 sees something in the darkness vai1 is two days, two days old; is Tuesday vii nīsokonakat kīskanītephkapāhcekw on the next day part wayāpah darning needle (insect) one day ni nekōtokon quiver; darning-needle, dragonfly (insect) na pīhtanwan six days part nekūtuasetāhnokon daub so many days part tahnōkon has his or her face daubed up with dirt vai2 ten days part metātahnokon pepkataneqkow three days part nqnokon looks daubed up vai1 pepkenakosew two days ni nīsokon rubs him, her, it with something; paints, daubs, smears, daybreak anoints him, her, it; misinforms, fools him or her vta is daybreak vii wāqnwapan sesuahw is full daybreak, bright dawn vii pckapan rubs it with something; applies a small amount of it with is overtaken by daybreak vai1 tatāpanmew a brush; paints, daubs, smears, anoints it vti1 sesuaham daylight wipes, brushes, daubs him, her, it with liquid vta day breaks, there is daylight vii wāqsenakwat sesūpīhw is full daylight, has come (the day) vii pckenakwat wipes, brushes, daubs it with liquid vti1 sesūpīham daytime daughter in daytime part espt daughter, his or her daughter na otānemaw is so late in the day, is so much o'clock, in daytime vii my daughter dna netān ahpēhcekesekat my little daughter dna netānes dead parent of a daughter na wtānet corpse, dead person; ghost na cēpay son, daughter na wkiahset pretends to be dead vai2 nepōhkasow daughter-in-law deadfall daughter-in-law na nohāhkaniahkiw trap, deadfall ni katōnacekan parent of my son-in-law or daughter-in-law dna traps, uses a deadfall vai1 katōnacekw nethtawāw deaf dawn is deaf, hard of hearing vai1 kakīphtw is breaking (dawn) vii awīkenakwat is day, dawn, morning vii wāpan deal with deals carefully with him, her, it, handles him, her, it; is full daybreak, bright dawn vii pckapan respects him, her, it vta koqsehw day deals carefully with it, handles it carefully or sparingly; all day long phrase kīsh hkwah respects it vti2 koqsēhtaw day breaks, there is daylight vii wāqsenakwat deals so, does so with, to it vti1 tōtam day ni kēsekat deals with him, her, it at short intervals; feeds him, her, five days part niananokon it by mouthfuls vta nanīhkacehw four days part nīwokon deals with, approaches him, her, it slowly; lets him, her, is a fine day vii menīkēsekat it act slowly vta nahkācehw is day, dawn, morning vii wāpan deals with, approaches it slowly; lets it act slowly vti2 is day, is a day vii kēsekat nahkācehtaw is four days, four days old; is Thursday vii nīwokonakat dislikes dealing with, frequenting him, her, it; finds him, is full daylight, has come (the day) vii pckenakwat her, it monotonous, tiresome vta sekāciahkaww
54 dislikes dealing with, frequenting it; finds it deceit monotonous, tiresome vti1 sekāciahkam deceit, craftiness ni kakāynesewen goes at, deals with him, her, it properly vta deceitful pckiahkaww is deceitful, crafty vai1 kakāynesew goes at, deals with it properly vti1 pckiahkam December is busy dealing with him, her, it vta otāmiahkaww December; moon na Nīpāteph-kēsoq is busy dealing with it vti1 otāmiahkam December na Awtok-kēsoqnōhsh is reluctant to deal with him, her, it vta decide tāqtakaciahkaww makes up his or her mind about it, decides it vti1 is reluctant to deal with it vti1 tāqtakaciahkam kēsnehtam makes it; gets him, her, it into shape, ready; deals with declivity him, her, it vta osēhw declivity, downhill slope of the land ni nūhsemāhkiw stops acting upon him, her, it, dealing with him, her, it; decree (N) leaves him, her, it alone vta pōnehw plan, provision; decree, law ni enāhkonekan stops acting upon it, dealing with it; leaves it alone vti2 decree (V) pōnehtaw decrees so, plans things so vai1 enāhkonekw stops dealing with, frequenting, using him, her, it vta deed pūniahkaww promise, agreement; marriage certificate, legal deed ni stops dealing with, frequenting, using it vti1 pūniahkam wāwīhtamatwan death deep burns him, her, it to death, to ashes vta down in the deep water part nanāwīhtem yāhpethnaqsiw is a deep dish vii pūhkehciwakat falls to his, her, its death vai7 yāhpecēhsen is deep vii temīw debate there is deep snow vii nīskatkonakat speech; word; debate, council; speaker ni kīketwan deer debt deer na aphsos settles up, pays off his or her debt vai2 kīsiahkasow deerskin ni aphsosokom decade venison ni aphsos-mēcemēhsh after numbers 'over the decade' (added to numbers from deerfly 10 to 20), plus part enēh deerfly na mesāsāhkōhsh decant defeat (V) strains, decants it vti1 sīhkopinam defeats him, her, it vta nanīnawehw decay (V) defeats it; makes it soft vti2 nōhkehtaw piece of decayed wood ni pīkocīhnak defeats someone, people vai1 nanīnaweheww smells decayed vai1 ancemyakosew gets the better of him or her, defeats him or her vta smells decayed vii ancemyakwat wēskewehw tastes decayed vii ancepokwat defecate deceased defecates vai1 mēsēw in the past, in past intention (unfulfilled); deceased, late part kh nap
55 defend delightful dodges, ducks, hides behind something, defends him or how wonderful! what a delightful state of affairs! part herself, covers him or herself from getting hit vai2 māmenwatahkamek tapāsow dense fights back, defends him, her, itself vai2 nanāhkow is dense, bushy growth vii sasākīw defense deny speaks up in defense, retorts vai2 ohsōmow denies it vti1 kenōhtam deficient depict gives out, falls short, is deficient, there is not enough of is marked, written on; is depicted; is written vii it; runs short of something vai7 nōsehsen asāqcekatw gives out, falls short, is deficient, there is not enough of is marked, written on; is depicted vai2 asāqcekasow it vii nōsehnn is marked; is pictured, depicted, written vii asāqtw defile is marked; is pictured, depicted vai2 asāqsow defiles, injures, or bothers people vai2 marks him, her, it; depicts him, her, it vta onāsaqnw wīyāciahkawekow marks him, her, it; draws, depicts, takes a picture of degrades, defiles him, her, it vta wēyācehw him, her, it vta asāqnw degrades, defiles it vti2 wēyācehtaw marks it; depicts it vti2 onāsaqtaw definitely writes it, marks it; draws it, depicts it, takes a picture of anyway; certainly, definitely, actually, even this part it vti2 asāqtaw pōc deposit degrade makes a deposit; pawns something vai2 aqtāqsow degrades, defiles him, her, it vta wēyācehw descend degrades, defiles it vti2 wēyācehtaw climbs down, descends along wood or other solid thing degree (for example, a pole, tree, ladder); comes downstairs exactly, evenly, properly; fully, to that degree part apec vai1 nāsāhtaww so far, so long, to such a degree, to that degree part comes downstairs, descends a ladder or staircase vai1 ahpēc āpekuahtaww so far, so long, to such a degree, to that degree prev descends from the air, comes to the ground, settles ahpēc- down from flight vai7 pwehsen somewhat, to some degree, surely; fairly well, I'm just descends from the air, comes to the ground, settles about making it, I'm trying, I'll get by part niwk down from flight vii pwehnn to some degree part mayānam descends on wood, comes down from a tree; comes delay downstairs vai1 penāhtaww busies him, her, it, keeps him or her busied or engaged; desiccated delays him or her vta otāmehw is dry, desiccated vii phkiw delays him or her with noise, talk vta otāmīwmw desire (V) deliberate (V) desires, has a longing vai2 akāwānesow deliberates, holds a council vai1 tepōww is happy having gotten what he, she, it needs, desires delicious vai1 mīhkinaww splendid, first rate; delicious part ocām is highly gratified, gets what he, she, it much desires vai1 wēhkawanāmesew wants, desires him, her, it vta natāwnemw
56 wants, desires, wishes it vti1 natāwnehtam develop desolate develops, happens, is that way; are like that (things) vii is hopeless, desolate, unusable vii kōhpatat esēkemakat thinks it desolate, hopeless, unusable; feels desolate, grows, develops so; is shaped, constituted so; fares so hopeless, discouraged vti1 kōhpatnehtam vai1 esēkew despair grows, is shaped or constituted so, develops or fares so despairs vti1 nanīnawnehtam vii esēken despair of devil gives up the thought of him, her, it, despairs of him, her, the devil, the Evil One na macēq-awtok it vta ānawnemw devote gives up the thought of it, despairs of it; gives up in devotes him or herself to it, studies it vti1 nqtakiahtam discouragement vti1 ānawnehtam dew desperate dew ni kepōhkan thinks there is serious danger, thinks things are falls (dew) vii kepōhkan desperate vti1 pāpanatnehtam gets wet in the dew vai7 kepōhkehsen dessert diamond eats sweets, dessert vai2 sēwehpow silver, diamond, something shiny ni wanwanet sweets, dessert ni sīwehpwan diamond (suit in playing cards) destination ace of diamonds phrase kānōw-pōhkeqkow gets him, her, it to the destination vta piatwehw diamond (suit in playing cards) na kānōh gets it to the destination vti2 piatwehtaw diamond na kānōw destroy low diamond na kānōhsh destroys it as a good or useful creature or thing vti2 diaper mēhkawēhtaw breech cloth; diaper ni āseyan is regrettably destroyed, lost; is a great loss vai7 diarrhea nanīhsen being eaten, gives him or her diarrhea vta sāpohkaww wantonly, wastefully destroys it vta nanāwehw has diarrhea from something he or she has eaten vai1 wantonly, wastefully destroys it vti2 nanāwehtaw sāpohkawwesew wastes, needlessly destroys things vai1 pāhpenocekw die destructively comes to the fatal end of his, her, its sickness or acts injuriously, destructively vai1 panāceqtaw suffering, dies vai1 kēsāhpenw detail dies from that cause vai1 ohcēnw carefully, in detail prev mecēm- dies, perishes vai1 tahpnw detect dies vai6 nepuah detects a weakness in him or her vta nōhpāpamw dies vii nepōmakat determine dies vti1 nekuapahtam determines it; makes it a law vti1 kēsāhkonam fares ill, suffers, sickens or is sick, dies, in that way vai1 detour ehpnw walks roundabout, by a detour vai1 wackōhnw is lost, dies as a regrettable exception, when all others are well vai7 mnwehsen sees the last of it; dies vti1 peskuapahtam
57 different immerses him, her, it by hand, dips him, her, it vta a different one, another, another one ni kaynet khtāpīnw different, other pren kaynen- immerses it by hand, dips it vti1 khtāpīnam is different, is another vai1 kaynesew puts him, her, it in or on water; soaks, floats, dips him, is different, is another vii kaynet her, it vta akīhcemw puts it in or on water; soaks, floats, dips it difficult vti2 difficult thing ni sanākat akīhcetaw finds it difficult; finds his or her situation difficult vti1 dipper sanāknehtam dipper, gallon ni kuapenakan is a difficult matter vii sanāknehtakwat scoop, dipper ni kuapahekan is difficult, troublesome, high-priced, hard to get; is in a spoon; ladle, dipper ni meskwan difficult plight vai2 sanākesew direct (V) is difficult, troublesome, high-priced, hard to get vii directs, orders, employs him or her vta anōnw sanākat directs, orders, employs people vai1 anōseww difficulty direction gets through a narrow, tight place; gets through a direction part nakah difficulty vai1 sāpiqtaw in that direction, that way part enakah scarcely, barely, with difficulty part nskn in this direction, this way part yōnakah dig in various directions; in various senses part nanānānow digs a hole, pit vai1 wānhkw is in this direction part yōq-nakah digs a hole vai1 tawānhkw it is in this direction part omq-nakah digs it up; farms vti1 mōnaham over in that direction, over there, that way part digs it up vta mōnahw emenakah digs the seeds out of it vta ketāhāhkwanw over in this direction, over here, this way part digs the seeds out of it vti1 ketāhāhkwatam omanakah digs things up vai1 mōnehpnīw where is it?, in what direction is it? pro tāq-nakah digs up weeds vai1 mūnaskwahekw directly digs up weeds vai2 mōnaskow straight, directly part meyāw feels for something, tries to get hold of things, digs dirt around for something vai1 natōnekw has a dirt-spot on it vii mūwīw gets, is dug up out of the ground vii mōnahekātw has a spot of dirt on him, her, it vai5 mōwen starts to dig vai1 wpānhkw dirty (A) dig up has a dirty head vai1 wēnethpw digs it up as a weed vti1 mūnaskwaham has a dirty nose, is snot-nosed vai1 wēnetanekomw digs things up; harvests; farms vai1 mōnahekw has a dirty nose vai1 wīneqsāhkwan gets, is dug up out of the ground vai2 mōnahekāsow has dirty, daubed-up hands vai1 pepkenhciw dip (V) is dirty from lying on the ground vai7 wīnahkīhsen catches, dips it out with a net; joins in the song vti1 is dirty from lying on the ground vii wīnahkīhnen nahkuaham is dirty liquid vii wīnākamiw catches, dips it out with a net vta nahkuahw is dirty vai1 wēnesew dips bread into broth vai2 aqsetmhkow is dirty vii wēnat
58 is disorderly, messy, always makes a dirty mess; is a peskuaphknam dirty, messy worker vai2 wēneqtāckow discourage looks dirty vai1 wēnenakosew thinks it desolate, hopeless, unusable; feels desolate, looks dirty vii wīnenakwat hopeless, discouraged vti1 kōhpatnehtam makes him, her, it dirty, dirties him, her, it vta discouragement wēnehw gives up the thought of it, despairs of it; gives up in makes it dirty, dirties it vti1 wēnehtaw discouragement vti1 ānawnehtam seems dirty, disquieting, neglected vai1 discover wēnnehtakosew comes upon, discovers him, her, it vta othnw seems dirty, disquieting, neglected vii wēnnehtakwat comes upon, discovers it vti1 othtam winged beetle that appears on carrion; person of dirty disease habits or foul speech na wēnehknāh infection, contagious disease ni āqsehtwan dirty (V) disembodied dirties something, things, makes a mess vai1 is a soul, is in spirit shape, is disembodied vai1 wēnehcekw otqcyakowew disabled disguise is disabled vai1 nanīnawsew disguises him or herself vai2 wanāpamehow disappear disguises him or herself vai2 wanēhow gets, is lost, disappears vii wanēhnen disgust gets, is lost; disappears vai7 wanēhsen is disgusted by him, her, it vta wēnnemw gone, disappeared, out of sight part tanenakah is disgusted by it vti1 wēnnehtam disappoint dish feels disappointed vai1 kāwenaww bowl, dish, plate ni onākan is disappointed at it; feels disappointed vti1 deep dish ni pūhkehciwakat kāwenawnehtam is a deep dish vii pūhkehciwakat is disappointing, has a fault; some misfortune happens dish out vii mnwat dishes out food vai1 kapātahkw disbelieve dishrag thinks, calls him or her a liar, treats him or her as a liar, dishrag ni kesēhekan disbelieves what he or she is saying vta kenōhtamw dishtowel discard (V) towel, dishtowel ni kesīhkwan puts down, leaves, throws away, discards things; gives dislike something up; confesses (to a Catholic priest) vai1 dislikes dealing with, frequenting him, her, it; finds him, pakēcekw her, it monotonous, tiresome vta sekāciahkaww puts him, her, it down, leaves him, her, it; discards him, dislikes dealing with, frequenting it; finds it her, it, throws him, her, it away vta pakēnw monotonous, tiresome vti1 sekāciahkam puts it down, leaves it; discards it, throws it away vti1 dislikes the taste of it vta macēcpeqnw pakētam dislikes the taste of it vti1 macēcpeqtam discharge (V) dislikes the taste of things vai1 macēspeqcekw makes a noise, report; discharges (a gun); there is a one dislikes to, ought not, had better not, is not willing report, sound (of a gun) vii ketōww to; fears to, with fear, fearfully prev kōqc- pulls the trigger of it, discharges it vti1
59 unwilling, not liking to, not acting because of dislike peh prev tāqtakac- at this distance, up to this point here, over here part unwillingly, not liking to, not acting because of dislike omn-peh part tāqtakac at this distance, up to this point here part omhpeh dismount distance, time part peh gets off, dismounts vai1 miakiqtaw distant disorder (V) far, distant; a long time part wāqnaw messes him, her, it with his or her feet, disorders him, distinguish her, it by passing through, by trampling vta has (something as) a distinguishing mark vai1 ohpskaww okhkewhcekanew messes it with his or her feet, disorders it by passing distraught through, by trampling vti1 ohpskam is crazy, distraught, confused vai1 wāwiaqnesew disorderly disturb is disorderly, messy, always makes a dirty mess; is a disturbs him, her, it with talk or vocal noise vta dirty, messy worker vai2 wēneqtāckow mianācemw is disorderly vai1 nqswanātesew disturbs him, her, it vta wanāhcewehw disorient disturbs it by noise; makes disturbing noise vti1 loses his, her, its bearings, gets disoriented vai1 wanītam wanēkhkewqtaw disturbs it; tangles it vti2 wanāhcewēhtaw dispose of dive disposes of him, her, it, does away with him, her, it vta dives into it; dives vti1 kōkaham ohpnanw dives vai1 kōkēw disposes of it, does away with it vti2 ohpnataw takes a running dive vai4 kōkēpahtaw disquieting divide seems dirty, disquieting, neglected vai1 divides it by hand, into more than two parts vta wēnnehtakosew nqninw seems dirty, disquieting, neglected vii wēnnehtakwat divides it by hand, into more than two parts vti1 disregard nqninam turns a deaf ear to him, her, it; disregards his or her divides it for him, her, it, shares it with them vta prayer vta ānīhtaww nqnīhtuww disruptive divides it up into more than two parts vta nqnikw talkative, disruptive person na osāmeton divides it up, into more than two parts vti2 nqnīhtaw dissuade is broken up fine, finely divided vii pēqsekn stops him, her, it by speech from doing something, splits it by hand; divides it in two vta paqsnw enjoins, dissuades him, her, it vta pesōmw splits it by hand; divides it in two vti1 paqsnam distance splits, divides it for him, her, it; shares it with him, her, a fair amount, distance, time part manēwān it vta paqsnamoww a great amount; quite a distance part manīnākīn dizzy at a distance prev wh- has a headache; is dizzy vai2 twhkow at that distance, at the distance that; at that time, at the is dizzy vai2 nekēwehkow time when part ehpeh at that distance, up to that point there; then part eneh-
60 do female doctor; medicine woman, herb woman na acts, moves, does, works so vai1 esēqtaw maskīhkīwenniahkiw acts, moves, does, works so vii esēqtamakat healer, doctor na nanātawēhcekw come, do, do please, for instance; why don't you (do medicine man, doctor na maskīhkīwenniw something)?; do it already!; leave it alone, anyway!, doctor (V) nevermind part penah doctors him, her, it vta nanātawehw deals so, does so with, to it vti1 tōtam doctors it vti2 nanātawēhtaw does great things vai1 ennīqtaw doctors, cures vai1 ennīhcekw does his, her, its action well, performs well vai1 doctors vai1 nanātawēhcekw menīqtaw doctoring does things badly, does a poor job, is a bungler vai2 doctoring ni nanātawehtwan macēqtāhkow document (N) does, acts, works poorly, performs his, her, its work or paper, letter, book, document ni masēnahekan action badly vai1 macēqtaw dodge easily overcomes, manages it, does it easily vti2 dodges, ducks, hides behind something, defends him or miasehtaw herself, covers him or herself from getting hit vai2 stops doing something; stops eating vai1 pōnahcekw tapāsow do away with dog completely butchers, kills, does away with him, her, it dog house ni anm-wēkēhsh vta yāhpecenanw dog kennel ni anmikamek completely butchers, kills, does away with it vti2 dog na anm yāhpecenataw little dog, puppy na anmōhsh disposes of him, her, it, does away with him, her, it vta long-haired dog na kenuapīkhtāqnem ohpnanw my dog dna netīhsh disposes of it, does away with it vti2 ohpnataw spotted dog na ketākaqnm does away with it vti2 tahpnataw yellow or brown dog na osāwaqnm does away with, drowns him, her, it vta tahpnanw dogbane do well spreading dogbane; hemp, cord made of the fiber of grows well, does well; is a good thing; is a good place or spreading dogbane na sqnap opportunity vii menīken dogwood grows well, does well vii menīkemakat alternate-leaved dogwood; witch hazel na pesēwāhtek do wonders doll does wonders to him, her, it, performs a miracle on him, china doll na wāpekan nīcian her, it; makes him, her, it wonderful vta statue, human image; doll, paper doll mantōwehw na masīnenīhsh does wonders to it, performs a miracle on it; makes it dollar wonderful vti2 mantōwehtaw money, coin, dollar, silver ni sūniyan ten coins, ten dollars part metātahnwaph doctor (N) curer, physician, doctor na ennīhcekw three coins, three dollars part nqnwaph doctor (female) na maskīwenniahkiw done doctor (male) na maskīwenniw finished, through, done prev anīh- doctoring ni nanātawehwan
61 donkey downhill donkey, mule na mamākehsw crawls, drives downhill vai2 nōhsemetācekow donkey, mule na māmākehsw declivity, downhill slope of the land ni nūhsemāhkiw don't goes downhill (the road) vii nūhsemepaniw don't part pōn downstairs door climbs down, descends along wood or other solid thing door flap ni kephth (for example, a pole, tree, ladder); comes downstairs door ni eskuahtem vai1 nāsāhtaww is a door, has a door, there is a door vii eskuahtemewew comes downstairs, descends a ladder or staircase vai1 opens it, places or leaves it open as a door; sets the door āpekuahtaww of it open vti2 pāhkehthnetaw descends on wood, comes down from a tree; comes downstairs vai1 penāhtaww opens the door of it; opens it as a door vti1 pāhkehtnam downstream downstream part nuakow doorknob doorknob ni pīmeskwanekan drifts downstream vai2 miahepokow handle, doorknob ni saknekan draft (of air) knob, handle for turning; faucet; doorknob ni pīmenekan blows past, through (the wind), there is a draft, breeze vii pemānemat double makes good smoke, there is good smoke, good draft for is attached, is hanging on something; is sewn double the fire vii menuapaqtw vai1 sakēqtaw there is an excessive draft, wind vii osāmānemat is attached, is hanging on something; is sewn double vii sakēqtaw drag (N) lies like a spoon, doubled up vai7 meskwanehsen harrow, drag ni penhkwanahekan takes a swallow of it; takes a drag, puff at it vta doubt sōpamw is in doubt about him, her, it vta kēwātnemw takes a swallow of it; takes a drag, puff at it vti1 is in doubt about it; is in doubt vti1 kēwātnehtam sōpahtam doughnut doughnut; candy na wēhkesōhsh drag (V) drags, carts him, her, it down a slope vta doughnut phrase sēwan pahkīseksh nōhsemetācemw down drags, carts him, her, it there, towards there vta close to the ground; below; far down; underground ni esētācemw cīkahkyah drags, carts him, her, it vta īwacetācemw down in the deep water part nanāwīhtem drags, carts it down a slope vti2 nōhsemetācehtaw moves, goes, climbs, gets down; goes downstairs vai1 drags, carts it there, towards there vti2 esētācehtaw penēqtaw drags, carts it vti2 īwacetācehtaw under, underneath, down below part anāmiah drags, hauls him, her, it; conveys him, her, it in a wagon down (N) or sleigh vta otācemw down feather na apēwway drags, hauls him, her, it vta īwanw plant down ni opwanāsken drags, hauls it; conveys it in a wagon or sleigh vti2 plant down ni pēwāwanāskon otācehtaw drags, hauls it vti2 īwataw
62 drags, hauls, carts him, her, it here, towards here vta dreadful pīcetacemw is formidable, dreadful vai1 cēqtannehtakosew drags, hauls, carts it here, towards here vti2 is formidable, dreadful vii cēqtannehtakwat pīcetacehtaw dream (N) gets rubbed, dragged on something vai7 kenēhsen dream ni pawācekan gets rubbed, dragged on something vii kenēhnen dreams something vai1 pawācekw rubs, drags him, her, it on something vta kenēhsemw looks at it that way; looks at it in that direction; has a rubs, drags it on something vti2 kenēhnetaw dream about it vti1 enāpahtam drag away sees it well; likes the looks of it, regards it favorably; has drags, carts him, her, it away vta awācetacemw a good dream vision vti1 menuapahtam drags, carts it away vti2 awācetacehtaw dream (V) drag out dreams of him, her, it vta pawānw drags him, her, it out of something vta akuatācemw dreams of it vti1 pawātam drags him, her, it out vta kecētācemw dream dance drags him, her, it out vta sākecetācemw dream dance ni enāpahtan nīmwan drags it out of something vti2 akuatācehtaw drench drags it out vti2 kecētācehtaw gets drenched, soaked through vai1 sāpowqsew drags it out vti2 sākecetācehtaw gets drenched, soaked through vii sāpowqnen dragonfly drenched quiver; darning-needle, dragonfly (insect) na pīhtanwan is drenched through and through vai1 sāqsapowqsew drama dress (N) drama room ni mamātāweqtaw pīhtawīhkenekan dress, clothing, outfit; costume ni esīhwan draw (V) skirt, dress ni enāhpes marks him, her, it; draws, depicts, takes a picture of skirt, dress ni tnāhpes him, her, it vta asāqnw dress (V) writes it, marks it; draws it, depicts it, takes a picture of gets dressed, puts on clothing vai1 poqshkakw it vti2 asāqtaw gives him or her clothing; dresses him or her vta draw (V; pull, suck) poqshkakhw draws, sucks, puffs at it vta sōqsopamw dress (V; an animal) exercises suction, draws, pumps; sucks at something is skinned and cut up, butchered, dressed, cleaned vai2 vai1 nōnācekw wēnanēhcekasow it sucks, draws, pumps vii nōnācekmakat is skinned and cut up, butchered, dressed, cleaned vii pulls, draws it in or up by a rope vta otāhpapinw wēnanēhcekatw pulls, draws it in or up by a rope vti1 otāhpapinam skins and cuts it up, butchers, dresses it vta takes swallows of it; draws, sucks at it vti1 sōqsopāhtam wēnanehw skins and cuts it up, butchers, dresses it vti2 drawer wēnanēhtaw drawer ni otāhpenekan dress up dread (V) gets him or herself ready; dresses up vai2 onnesow dreads him, her, it vta cēqtannemw puts on fine clothes, dresses up vai1 sāskāw dreads it vti1 cēqtannehtam puts on finery, dresses up vai1 menuaskwahocekw
63 drift (V) sakāpīnaqsow drifts downstream vai2 miahepokow goes for a drive, drives around; crawls around vai2 drifts here, towards here vai2 pīhpokow papāmetacekow drifts here, towards here vii pīhpokimakat holds him, her, it tight by a string or line; drives it with drifts, floats along vai2 pemēpokow reins, she or she drives it (a car) vta sakāpīnw starts to drift away vii mācīpokimakat sends him, her, it there, towards there; chases, drives him, her, it there, towards there vta ensehw drift away starts to drift away vai2 mācīpokow speeds, glides, flies into a place; goes, runs, drives fast inside vai2 pīhtikpesow drink (N) all sorts of liquids or drinks, some or any sort of drink, drive away mixed drinks ni wēyakapoh chases, drives him, her, it away vta mēwensehw gives him, her, it drink, waters it (an animal); treats him is driven away by smoke vai2 mēwāpaqsow or her to a drink vta menāhw drive off is a good drink vii menuakamiw drives him, her, it off vta mēwehw drink (V) drive on drinking glass ni sāpuaqnw drives, urges him, her, it on vta kāhtensehw drinks something; is an alcoholic vai6 menuah drive out drinks too much; is awful, really bad vai1 osāmeqsew chases, drives, kicks him, her, it out of a place vta sākecensehw drinks, has drunk enough, quenches his, her, its thirst vai1 tpeqsew driver eats, drinks, smokes so much of it vti1 ahpēhtahtam driver na sakāpīnaqsow fetches something to drink vai2 nātāphkow drop (N) puts drops in his or her eyes vai2 sēkahēqkow stops drinking vai1 pōneqsew rains in big drops vii mamāhkepīqnen drink up drinks it up vti1 ehkāhtam drop (V) breaks him, her, it in two in bringing down, dropping drip (V) him, her, it vta pūhkihsemw leaks, drips out vii ohcēkawew breaks him, her, it to pieces in bringing down, setting drive down, dropping him, her, it vta pīkihsemw chase each other, drive each other that way vai2 breaks it in two in bringing down, dropping it vti2 ensehotowak pūhkihnetāw crawls, creeps, rolls, drives there, towards there vai2 breaks it to pieces in bringing down, setting down, esētācekow dropping it vti2 pīkihnetāw crawls, drives downhill vai2 nōhsemetācekow drops him, her, it from his or her back vta panōmw crawls, drives here, towards here vai2 pīcetacekow drops him, her, it from the rest vta pahkīhsemw crawls, drives into a place vai2 pīhtiktācekow drops it from his or her back vti1 panōhtam crawls, drives on, along, past vai2 pemētācekow drops it from the rest vti1 pahkīhnetaw crawls, slithers; drives in a wagon, sleigh vai2 otācekow drops, flies with rustling noise vai7 senāwekēhsen drives (his or her horses, car) badly vai2 matāpīnaqsow lets him, her, it drop vta pakīhsemw drives logs down the current, river-drives vai1 lets him, her, it slip, drop from his or her hand vta miahocekw pannw drives; drives something, drives his or her horse(s) vai2
64 lets it drop vti2 pakīhnetaw gets, is dry, especially in heat vai2 pāqsow lets it slip, drop from his or her hand vti1 pannam hard, dry bread; toast; lean, bony person na maskāhsow drop off (V) is dry, hard, brittle vai2 maskāhsow drops off from where it is attached vai7 pahkhsen is dry, hard, brittle vii maskāhtw drops off from where it is attached vii pahkhnen sits, stays dry vai1 phkwapew drown dry (V) causes him, her, it to perish, drown vta tahpnhw dries it, especially in heat vta pāqsiw does away with, drowns him, her, it vta tahpnanw dries it, especially in heat vti1 pāqsam drowns him, her, it vta pahkānāmonw dries it vti1 phkwaham drowns him, her, it vta pēhkanāmonw dries up, is dried up (body of water) vii ehkāqtw drowns him, her, itself vai2 pēhkanāmosow gets, is dry, especially in heat vii pāqtw drowns vai2 paqnakow is dry, desiccated vii phkiw drowns vai2 pēhkanāmow is hot; has a fever; dries him, her, itself vai2 kesēsow drugstore lies dry, dried up vii phkwaqtw drugstore ni maskīhkīwikamek dry up drum (N) gets, is dried up in the heat vai2 kāhkeksow drum na tāwhekan gets, is dried up in the heat vii kāhkektw drumstick ni pāhpakāhkwahekanāhtek duck pounds, drums vai1 pākahekw black duck na wenepekōw-sēqsep water drum na tōwahkh canvasback duck na wīphkuahkqnw drum (V) diver duck, hell-diver na sekēmh drums on it vta tāwhw duck na sēqsep drums on it vti1 tāwham fish duck, sawbill duck, Merganser na osēh drums vai1 tāwhekw mallard na msēqsep pounds it, drums on it with a stick vta pākahw species of winter duck that makes a whirring noise in pounds it, drums on it with a stick vti1 pākaham flight na kāketowqnw pounds, drums, knocks, thumps on something with a teal, butterball duck na wāhkayoh stick or other solid thing vai1 pāhpakāhkwahekw wood duck na sūpqsyak drumstick duck (V) drumstick for water drum na tōwahkhkwanāhtek dodges, ducks, hides behind something, defends him or drumstick ni pakāhekan herself, covers him or herself from getting hit vai2 drumstick ni pakāhekanāhtek tapāsow drumstick ni twhekanāhtek dull is dull (for example, a knife) drunk vii sīkwan is drunk vai1 kēwaskpīw is dull vai5 sīkwan dry (A) dumpling dried thing ni pāqtw cooks dumplings vai2 osāqsekamesiahkow eats dry food, a dry meal vai1 phkwahcekw dumpling na osāqsekamesow eats it dry vta phkwamw dun (V) eats it dry vti1 phkwahtam collects money from him or her, duns him or her vta nātesenhekuww
65 dung up a wigwam, builds a house vai1 onīkw dung, piece of dung ni mīh there, in place; in someone's house, dwelling part as dung beetle dye (N) dung beetle na mīhhkw color; dye, coloring matter; crayons ni athsekan dust is dyed so, colored in that way vii enāthtw dust, ashes ni phkīh dye (V) flies up and is suspended; sends up dust (for example, a dyes it that color vta enāthsiw road) vii ohpākotw dyes it that color vti1 enāthsam has dust or ashes on him, her, it, is dusty or soiled with dyes, colors it vta athsiw ashes vai1 phkōwew dyes, colors it vti1 athsam has dust or ashes on it, is dusty or soiled with ashes vii dyes, colors things vai1 athsekw phkōwew is colored, dyed vii athcekotw has dust, ashes on his or her face vai2 phkōweqkow is dyed so, colored in that way vai2 enāthsow duster is dyed, colored; ripe vai2 athsow ricing stick; tool for knocking things down, duster, is dyed, colored; ripe vii athtw brush; place for knocking down wild rice ni pawāhekan dynamite dustpan explosive; dynamite, gun-cap, firecracker ni pīhkesekan dustpan; spittoon ni shkuakan duty has too many troublesome duties, too much on his or her hands vai1 nīskotwsew dwarf ugly dwarf spirits who dwelt on the rock called Death Door na awtok-aphnīhsak dwell dwell together vai2 wēkehtowak dwells, dwells there vai1 tansew is in place, sits, dwells having something on, close to his, her its person vai1 kekāpew sits, dwells lonesomely vai1 nanīqtakapew dweller dweller in the east, member of an eastern tribe; Stockbridge Indian na wāpanoh-tanāhkow settler, dweller in that place na tanāhkow dwelling move together into a house, dwelling vai2 pīhtikothetowak moves his or her camp on, moves camp; comes from one house, dwelling, place of residence to another vai1 pemēkosew moves into a house, dwelling vai2 pīhtikothow prepares a house, dwelling or camp; pitches a tent, sets
66 gets control over, controls, compels it; gets, earns it; manages, can do it vti2 wīhkihtaw gets control over, controls, convinces, compels him, her, it; gets, earns it; manages it vta wīhkihw E gets, earns it for him or herself vai2 wīhkihtwasow earnings earnings, savings ni tpenwasiakan eager earring hears it being said; is eager to hear it vti1 pāpemhtam earring ni ohtāwakap is eager vai1 wēsāsew has (something as) earrings, wears earrings vai1 is urgent; is eager vai1 ocianemsew ohtāwakapiw my earring dni nhtāwakap eagle eagle na kenēw earth eagle na penhsyah earth, land, ground ni ahkēw red-tailed eagle na mskwananīw on earth, land, ground ni ahkīheh split-tailed eagle na saqnawananīw our grandmother Earth dna kōhkomhsahkamekonaw spotted eagle na ketākekonw red or yellow earth, clay, chalk ni manōnh sweeps, rakes the sand, earth from it vti1 ear flattens back its ears (a horse) vai1 sūwīskhtqtaw cēkatamhkaham has big ears vai1 mamāhkhtw this earth phrase yōm mens has its ears close together vai1 tatāphtw earth (soil) buries him, her it; covers him, her, it with sand, earth, has keen ears vai1 sīqshtw ashes vta anīkwahw my ear dni nhtāwak gets, is covered by sand or earth, by a landslide vai2 ear (corn) nekuamhkskosow corn (plant, ear, grain) na wāpemen gets, is covered with sand, earth, ashes vai2 earliest anīkoskosow first in time, earliest, at first, before part nqtam is brown earth, sand, powder vii osāwāmhkat early is white earth, sand, powder vii wāpeskamhkat early part ohpēc it gets, is covered by sand, earth, a landslide vii first in time, earliest, at first; before prev nqtam- nekuamhkskotw in the morning, early in the morning part mīp easily is early in the night vii oskīwanītephkat easily prev nōc- quickly, soon; early part wēpac runs easily, softly vai4 pepāhtaw earn slowly, gently, easily part nahkāc controls, manages, gets, earns it for him or her vta east wīhkihtuww dweller in the east, member of an eastern tribe na earns money vai1 sūniyanhkw wāpanoh-tanāhkow gets control of something; gets or earns something, east idiom mōhkahah enakah earns money vii wīhkihcekmakat in the east idiom pes-yōh-mōhkahah gets control of something; gets, earns something, earns white person, person from the east na mōhkomān money vai1 wīhkihcekw
67 eastern eats plain food vai1 anhnahcekw eastern Indian na wāpanahkīw eats sweet things vai1 sēwahcekw easy eats sweets, dessert vai2 sēwehpow is easy to handle, get, do; is cheap vii wnehpanat eats sweets, is fond of sweets vai2 sēwemenhkow is easy to handle, to get; is cheap vai1 wnehpansew eats sweets vai1 sēwemenw eat eats things clean, gnaws something down to the bone begins eating vai1 wpahcekw vai1 kāhpahcekw being eaten, gives him or her diarrhea vta sāpohkaww eats too much of it vta osāmamw being eaten, sets his or her teeth on edge vta eats too much of it vti1 osāmahtam sāqsahkapetskaww eats with him or her vta atōhpomw bites, gnaws, eats a hole in it vta tawāmw eats with him, her, it vta wētōhpomw bites, gnaws, eats a hole in it vti1 tawāhtam eats, drinks, smokes so much of it vti1 ahpēhtahtam cannot manage to eat, chew it; fails to get him, her, it by eats vai2 mēcehsow request or persuasion vta puawamw edible creature, something good to eat ni muakan comes eating him, her, it, brings him, her, it in his or fails to eat all of it vta nōnamw her mouth vta pītamw fails to eat all of it vti1 nōnahtam comes eating it, brings it in his or her mouth vti1 gets eaten; is food vai2 mēcekasow pītahtam gets satisfaction from it; has eaten enough of it vta eats all of it, eats it up vta ketāmīw tpenwanw eats all of it, eats it up vti1 ketām gets satisfaction from it; has eaten enough of it vti1 eats all of it, scrapes it clean in eating vta kāskamw tpenwatam eats all of it, scrapes it clean in eating vti1 kāskahtam gets, is accustomed to eating it vta nekātamw eats dry food, a dry meal vai1 phkwahcekw gets, is accustomed to eating it vti1 nekātahtam eats fast, quickly vai1 wwēpahcekw has eaten enough vai1 tpanhcekw eats from on top of something vai2 atōhpow is right overhead, it is noon; eats lunch vai2 nāwahkow eats Indian food vai1 mamāceqtawahcekw it gets eaten; is food vii mēcekatw eats it as a sweet thing, with sweetening vta sēwamw leaves scraps from eating it vta pēwamw eats it as a sweet thing, with sweetening vti1 sēwahtam leaves scraps from eating it vti1 pēwahtam eats it dry vta phkwamw likes the taste of what he, she, it eats, enjoys the food eats it dry vti1 phkwahtam vai1 wēhkeqcekw eats it in a hurry vta wwēpamw picks up and eats bits, remnants of it vti1 aqsekahtam eats it in a hurry vti1 wwēpahtam plays music; plays the violin; eats corn on the cob vai1 eats it plain, unseasoned, ungarnished vta anhnamw kāketopīhekw eats it plain, unseasoned, ungarnished vti1 anhnahtam scrapes it clean as he or she eats it; eats it (animate) eats it with pleasure, as a delicacy vta menuamw clean to the bone vta kāhpamw eats it with pleasure, as a delicacy vti1 menuahtam scrapes it clean as he or she eats it; eats it clean to the eats it without relieving his or her hunger, remains bone vti1 kāhpahtam hungry after eating it vti1 sqnanāhtam starts to eat it vta wpamw eats it vta mīw starts to eat it vti1 wpahtam eats it vti3 mīcwah stops doing something; stops eating vai1 pōnahcekw eats little vai1 wānesew tastes it, tries its taste; tries to bite, eat it vti1 kotāhtam
68 tries to bite, eat him, her, it; tries the taste of it vta elevation kotāmw is an elevation in the land; there is a rise in the land vii tries to make him, her, it eat vta kotākonw wahkītāhkiwew eat up eleven eats it all up vta mqtamiw eleven part metātah nekot-enēh eats it all up vti1 mqtahtam elk eats something all up, scrapes clean in eating vai1 elk na amāskos kāskahcekw elm eats something up, finishes the food vai1 ketākw elm tree na anēpāhtek edge elm, rock elm na anēp all around the water's edge part kiaqtakam rock elm na anīpahkāhkuahtek at the edge of the woods ni cīkāhkihkyah slippery elm bark ni osāqsekop has a sharp edge (for example, a rock) vai1 kāckekew slippery elm tree na osāqsekopāhtek edible else edible creature, something good to eat ni muakan or else phrase kmāw men new eel emaciate eel na kenūpikwamk is in a miserable, pitiful state; is poor; is emaciated vai1 effect ketmākesew there, in a place; then, through that length of time; embark without effect; without good reason prev tasēh- embarks vai7 onōnakēhsen effort ember makes a great effort vai2 pakīciahkasow has embers, there are embers vii watūhsiwew egg hot coal, ember ni watūhsiw egg ni wāwan embrace fish egg; roe (collective) na wāh hugs, embraces him, her, it vta kīskekinw gathers eggs vai1 wāwanōhkw embroider eight is embroidered with beads vai2 mēkhsekuasow eight card na suasek-tahsēw is embroidered with beads vii mēkhsekuatw eight part suasek emerge eighteen emerges; comes up from under water vai2 mōskamow eighteen part metātah suasek-enēh emetic eighty takes it as an emetic; takes an emetic (to cause eighty part suasek metātah vomiting) vti1 sēkanhtam eighty-five part suasek metātah nianan-enēh emphatic elbow precision, contrast, selective, emphatic part new his elbow; a deer's ulna (as tool) dni ohtūhkwan employ my elbow dni nhtūhkwan directs, orders, employs him or her vta anōnw elder directs, orders, employs people vai1 anōseww elder, old person, ancestor na keckīw employer electricity boss, employer na posww electricity ni onātawapen
69 empty (V) energy empties into a body of water (a stream) vai1 sākēwew acts, works with that degree of strength, energy vai1 empties it by pouring vta sēkonw ahpīhciwqtaw empties it by pouring vti1 sēkonam acts, works with that degree of strength, energy vii gets, is emptied vai2 sēkonekāsow ahpīhciwqtamakat gets, is emptied vii sēkonekātw engage while the action goes on, engaged in prev mk- empty-handed empty-handed, having nothing part moqceh engine boiler, engine ni pūtawaswan enclose holds it enclosed in his or her hand vti1 kepūcīnam English lies enclosed between things vii kaskīwehnn English (language) ni mūhkomānīwanamwan † English language ni mōhkomānēweqnsen encourage makes, urges, encourages, coaxes him, her, it to run; is written, printed in English vii mōhkomānēwehnn runs from him, her, it vta wpēhw speaks English vai1 mōhkomānēweqnsew end (N) Englishman at both sides of the place, at both ends or sides part ētoh Englishman, Canadian na Sākanās at either end, at both ends part āyeskuaqc enjoin at the end, at one end of that place part eskuaqc stops him, her, it by speech from doing something, cuts it at the end vti1 sēqsesam enjoins, dissuades him, her, it vta pesōmw gets to the end, goal of it vti1 wayhkuaskam enjoy is successful at doing something; enjoys it; goes it in the end, finally, at last part ahkōqsek strong, whoops it up vti1 onuahtam is left to the end, left over vai7 eskīhsen likes the taste of what he, she, it eats, enjoys the food end (V) vai1 wēhkeqcekw ends (a month) vai2 pōnakēhsow enough ends (the sound) vii pūnīww does enough for him, her, it; does him, her, it good, is cut off, ends (the road) vii kīskepaniw pleases him, her, it vta tpehw endanger does enough for it vti2 tphtaw seriously endangers him, her, it vta papānācehw enough, sufficient, just right part tpn seriously endangers it vti2 papānācehtaw gets satisfaction from it; has eaten enough of it vta endeavor tpenwanw strives, endeavors vai1 nanāqtiqtaw gets satisfaction from it; has eaten enough of it vti1 takes pains, strives, endeavors vai2 mēhkemow tpenwatam endure has, has had enough (especially of food), is satisfied vai1 endures, persists a long time; has good wind, endurance tpēw (at running); talks a lot, is long-winded, verbose vai1 is enough; reaches falling or lying vai7 tpehsen sēpēw is enough; reaches falling or lying vii tphnn enemy places, puts in enough of it vta tpaqnw are enemies of each other vai2 owīcīskīhtowak places, puts in enough of it vti2 tpaqtaw my enemy dna nīcīskiw reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready part tp reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready prev tp-
70 runs short, does not have enough vai1 nōsēw envious satisfies him, her, it, gives him, her, it enough is jealous, envious, is a jealous, envious person vai1 (especially food) vta tpenohw kesiawnehcekckiw that is the one, it is that (inanimate); there it is, it is envy (V) there; it is then; that's it, good, all right; enough pro envies someone, people vai1 kesiawnemeww eneq is jealous of, envies him, her, it vta kesiawnemw enroll equal (V) gets written in on the very edge; barely gets enrolled matches, equals him, her, it; makes him, her, it equal vai2 sēqsasāqsow vta tepātōhw enrollment matches, equals it; makes it equal vti1 tepātōham enrollment ni menāsaqswan matches, equals things, something vai1 tepātōhekw enter equally enter in single file vai2 pīhtikawantowak equally, evenly prev tepāh- enters vii pīhtikmakat evenly, equally, alike, like; exactly opposite; at the same goes indoors, into a place, comes in, enters (a house) time part tepāh vai1 pīhtikw equip entire has something on, close to his, her, its body; is all, entire, all over (one's body), everywhere part provided, equipped with something vai1 keksew mesēww erase entirely wipes it off, wipes it out, erases it vti1 kesēham constantly, without let-up, over and over; entirely part erect (A) yāpec sits rigidly erect vai1 sāqsakatapew entirely, completely; beyond repair or restoration prev err yāhpec- errs, sins vai1 pqcēqtaw firmly, thoroughly, entirely part sōh errand thoroughly, entirely prev pōc- sends him or her on an errand vta mecēcemw entrails error my guts, my entrails dni nenākes accidentally, by accident, by error part pqc paunch, stomach of slaughtered animal, tripe, entrails accidentally, by accident, by error prev pqc- na/ni wēnāqnak eruption sausage, baloney; a piece of an animal's gut; his entrail rots away, festers, has a skin eruption vai1 nēkeskaw ni onākes escape (V) small sausage; hot dog, weiner, pork links; a little piece escapes from him, her, it vta kanw of his (or of an animal's) entrail dni onākesēhsh escapes from it vti1 katām entrust escapes from someone, makes his, her, its escape vai1 gives him or her something to keep, entrusts something kasēww to him or her vta kanōhtenw runs from danger, escapes vai4 kecēpahtaw envelope sneaks away, escapes, runs away, gets away vai1 is inside something, in an envelope or container vai2 kēmēw pēhsow is inside something, in an envelope, container vii especially surely; intensely, much, especially part mmik pēhtw
71 eternal is bad, evil-looking, ugly vai1 matsew eternal, permanent pren kākek- is bad, evil-looking, ugly vii matt eternally looks evil, unpromising vai1 macēnākosew forever, eternally, permanently part kākek looks evil, unpromising vii macīnākwat even looks on it as evil; sees an evil vision; catches it out of anyway; certainly, definitely, actually, even this part the corner of his or her eye vti1 masāpahtam pōc speaks in an evil way; swears vai1 macētonskaw even part mohcem the devil, the Evil One na macēq-awtok even part mhcem troublesome, in an evil way, no good part kanqsetam keeps even with him, her, it vta tepianw exactly keeps even with it; manages to keep even vti2 tepiatāw exactly, evenly, properly; fully, to that degree part apec keeps even, manages to get along vai2 tepianesow examine evening gets inspected, examined vai2 pemāhcekasow is evening vii nhkān gets inspected, examined vii pemāhcekatw last night, yesterday evening; tonight part nhkah observes, inspects, examines things vai1 pemāhcekw this evening part nhkāh takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies him, evenly her, it vta pemāhw equally, evenly prev tepāh- takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies it evenly, equally, alike, like; exactly opposite; at the same vti2 pemāhtaw time part tepāh excessive exactly, evenly, properly; fully, to that degree part apec acts excessively or crazily, overdoes it, is greedy vai1 ever wanēnw ever, at some or any one time part nekōtoh is excessively numerous, is in excessive quantity, goes too far vai5 osāmīn evergreen evergreen na kākekpak is excessively numerous, is in excessive quantity, goes too far vii osāmīnat every on every one, so many times, every time, as many is too much, there is too much of it, is excessive, times, as many times as part tahnnoh outrageous vii osāmat thing bearing that number; every one ni tahnn exchange exchange something vai2 īqsonamātowak everything phrase māwaw new khkōh exchanges him, her, it vta īqsonw all, everything part māwaw exchanges it vti1 īqsonam exchanges something with him, her, it vta everywhere all, entire, all over (one's body), everywhere part īqsonamoww mesēww exchanges something vai1 īqsonekw everywhere, all over part mesas excited jerks around, struggles; acts excited; makes a face vai1 evidently mācehkīskaw as you know, of course, evidently part kenaq evidently, obviously part kayhkenawāc exclusively only, exclusively, unmixed part mōsah evil has an evil tooth, a dangerous bite vai1 matāpetw
72 exert expert tries hard, exerts him, her, itself vai2 pākeciahkasow studies, practices it, is expert in it vti1 nekāciahkam exhibit explain makes him, her, it visible; shows, exhibits him, her it explains, reveals by narrating vai2 sākācemow vta nākehw reveals a story to him or her, explains something to him makes it visible; shows, exhibits it vti2 nākehtaw or her vta sākācemīqtaww exhibition explode wonderful performance, feat; exhibition, circus, explodes, blows up, bursts in heat vai2 pīhkesow theatrical performance ni mamātāweqtan explodes, blows up, bursts in heat vii pīhketw exhort explosive exhorts, preaches to him, her vta kakīhkemw explosive; dynamite, gun-cap, firecracker ni pīhkesekan exhorts, preaches to it vti1 kakīhkotam express exhorts, preaches; is a preacher vai1 kakīhkotakw makes it visible to him, her, it; shows, expresses it to exhortation him, her, it vta nākehtuww exhortation, sermon ni kakīhkotakan extend exist extends out of sight vii panāpamenākwat exists, there is one; is on hand; is born vai2 tw extends, lies lengthwise (something solid); extends on exists, there is some of it vii takuah something solid vii pemāhkihnn goes on, continues to exist as a space, place, world, state extends, lies lengthwise vai7 pemāhkihsen of affairs vii mācīhkamekat exterminate expect exterminates him, her, it vta mqcenanw thinks, expects him, her, it to be there; expects him, her, exterminates it vti2 mqcenatāw it (to do something) vta tannemw extinguish thinks, expects it to be there vti1 tannehtam extinguishes it by a flush of water vti2 āqtyapāwataw expel extinguishes it by blowing vti1 āqtanhtam puts him, her, it down; spits it out, expels it from his or has his or her fire extinguished vai1 āqtaww her mouth vta pakētanmw is extinguished by the wind vii āqtqnen puts it down; spits it out, expels it from his or her mouth is extinguished by water vii āqtyapāww vti1 pakētanhtam it goes out, is extinguished, stops burning vii āqtw expense puts it out, extinguishes it by hand vti1 āqtenam incurs expenses vai2 tepāhosow eye expensive closes his, her, its eyes; blinks vai1 kakīpehkīqtaw is expensive vai2 sanākakēhsow gets something in his or her eye vai1 peshnw is expensive vii sanākakēhtw gives him or her a swollen, black eye vta kepīhkihw is so intense, powerful; is so expensive vii ahpēhtat has (something as) an eye, eyes, or face; wears glasses is so powerful, so old; is so expensive vai1 ahpēhtesew vai2 oskēhsekow weighs so much, is so heavy; is so expensive vai1 has gunky eyes vai1 māmenēqkow ahpēhtenekosew has light-colored eyes; is blue-eyed vai1 weighs so much, is so heavy; is so expensive vii wāwāpeciyāpew ahpīhtenekwat has red eyes vai1 māmhkwanakēqkow has red eyes vai1 mhkīwkeqkow
73 has sore eyes vai2 ayāskewanakēqkow his little face or eye; postage stamp dni oskēhsekōhsh is one-eyed vai2 pōhkeqkow is red-eyed, has sore eyes vai2 māmhkuahpenweqkow F looks around by turning his, her, its eyes vai1 kēwatawāpew looks on it as evil; sees an evil vision; catches it out of fabric the corner of his or her eye vti1 masāpahtam fabric, cloth, piece of cloth ni pākeweyān my face, my eye, my eyeglasses dni neskēhsek face one-eyed person, ace card na pōhkeqkow has (something as) an eye, eyes, or face; wears glasses puts drops in his or her eyes vai2 sēkahēqkow vai2 oskēhsekow sleepers, morning eyes, sand in your eyes when you has dust, ashes on his or her face vai2 phkōweqkow wake up ni māmenīqkwan his little face or eye; postage stamp dni oskēhsekōhsh sleepers, sand in your eyes when you wake up dna is hairy on his face vai2 mēqseqkow nemneqkom makes a funny face vai1 nīskehkīqtaw something that has gotten into one's eye ni peshnen my face, my eye, my eyeglasses dni neskēhsek tries to look, opens his, her, its eyes, looks vai1 paint for the face ni wsīhwan natāwāpew washes his, her, its face for him, her, it vta eyebrow kesēqnhkonw eyebrow ni mūhkehkwan washes his, her, its face vai2 kesēqnhkow eyelash face (V) my eyelash na nemnekom-mūhkehkwan sits facing that way vai1 enāqnamapew eyelid sits facing towards us vai1 pītāqnamapew my eyelid ni netnānakīqkwan stands facing in that direction vai1 enāqnamekāpowew eyesight stands facing in this direction vai1 pītāqnamekāpowew has good eyesight vai1 kesiatawapew face away has good eyesight vai1 sāpāpahcekw it is placed facing away, facing down vii anmaqtw lies facing away, face down vai7 anmehsen lies facing away, face down vii anmehnn places him, her, it facing away, face down vta anmaqnw places it facing away, face down vti2 anmaqtaw sits or is placed facing away, is placed face down vai1 anmapew face down it is placed facing away, facing down vii anmaqtw lies facing away, face down vai7 anmehsen lies facing away, face down vii anmehnn places him, her, it facing away, face down vta anmaqnw
74 places it facing away, face down vti2 anmaqtaw falls and spills, gets spilled vai7 sīkwpehsen sits or is placed facing away, is placed face down vai1 falls and spills, gets spilled vii sīkwpehnn anmapew falls asleep readily vai2 wwīpehkwamow face up falls by accident vai7 pqcēhsen lays him, her, it face up vta necenehsemw falls flat, tips over; lies down vai7 kawēhsen lays it face up vti2 necenehnetāw falls from there, from a place vai7 ohtākocen fact falls from there, from a place vii ohtākotw is in the proper position, on the right track, in proper falls hard vai7 pakāhcesen command of facts vai1 meyāwesew falls into deep water vai7 kōkēhsen factory falls into, lies in proper position vii nanāhehnn mill, sawmill, factory na paqsepocekan falls or lies blocking something vai7 kepēhsen sawmill, mill, factory na pahpāqsepocekan falls or lies blocking something vii kepēhnen fade falls or sinks through a hole vii pōhphnen fades vai2 wāpāqsow falls over, tips over vii kawēhnen fades vii wāpāqtw falls painfully vai7 wēqsakēhsen is washed in hot water; fades vii kesēqnen falls rolling vai7 tetqtepakocen washes up, washes him, her, itself with hot water; is falls rolling vii tetqtepakotw washed in hot water; fades vai1 kesēqsew falls scattering, spreading vai7 ohpīhsiwhsen fail falls scattering, spreading vii ohpīhsiwhnen cannot manage to eat, chew it; fails to get him, her, it by falls scattering vai7 sqsīhsen request or persuasion vta puawamw falls scattering vii sqsīhnen fail to; can it fail to happen? prev puaq- falls smashing his or her flesh, gets a festering bruise fails to finish the food vai1 nōnahcekw vai7 pekskawhsen fails to get hold of him, her, it in time vta kethkenw falls through the ice vai7 tuahsen fails to get hold of it in time vti1 kethkenam falls to his, her, its death vai7 yāhpecēhsen fails, cannot manage to lift or handle him, her, it vta falls to the ground with a sound vii pāphcehkon puanw falls with a bang vai7 cīhkihsen fails, cannot manage to lift or handle it vti1 puanam falls with a bang vii nakūt* fails, gives up, cannot manage vai2 ānawehsow falls with a crash vai7 cīqcīhkihsen fall (autumn) falls with a crash vii cīqcīhkihnn is autumn, fall vii takuakōwew falls with hurt or damage vii patāhkehnn fall (V) breaks down, falls with something that collapses vai7 falls with hurt, damage vai7 patāhkehsen nuahsen falls, comes down with noise vai7 nūhtakīhsen breaks down, falls with something that collapses vii falls, comes down with noise vii nūhtakīhnen nuahnen falls, flies here, towards here; hangs in this direction breaks to pieces in falling; goes to pieces vai7 pīkihsen vai7 pītakocen breaks to pieces in falling; goes to pieces vii pīkihnn falls, flies here, towards here; hangs in this direction vii falls (dew) vii kepōhkan pītakotw falls and is shattered vai7 pēqsehsen falls, lands, lies in a sticky substance, mud, filth vai7 pkehsen falls and is shattered vii pēqsehnn
75 falls, lands, lies in a sticky substance, mud, filth vii fall down pkehnn falls down hard, comes down with a flop or bang vai7 falls, lands, lies straight; is correct vai7 meyāwehsen pakāskehsen falls, lands, lies straight; is correct vii meyāwehnn falls down hard, comes down with a flop or bang vii falls, lies flat vai7 napākehsen pakāskehnn falls, lies flat vii napākehnn is pulled down, falls down vai2 nāseposow falls, sinks through a hole vai7 pōhphsen is pulled down, falls down vii nāsepotw falls, splashes with the sound of moving water vii fall into mātākamiwhnen falls into, lies in proper position; adjusts him, her, itself falls, steps into something, into mud vai7 pēhcehsen as he, she, it lies vai7 nanāhehsen falls, steps into something, into mud vii pēhcehnn fall short falls vai7 pāphcen falls short of him, her, it; does not have sufficient means (especially, money) to get him, her, it vta falls vii pāphnn nūsiahkaww hurts him, her, itself in falling, landing vai7 kīhkehsen falls short of it; does not have sufficient means is broken; breaks in two in falling vai7 pūhkihsen (especially, money) to get it vti1 nūsiahkam is broken; breaks in two in falling vii pūhkihnn gives out, falls short, is deficient, there is not enough of is enough; reaches falling or lying vai7 tpehsen it; runs short of something vai7 nōsehsen is enough; reaches falling or lying vii tphnn gives out, falls short, is deficient, there is not enough of lies or falls flat; blows, tumbles over vii kanāskehnn it vii nōsehnn lies still, falls and lies motionless vai7 kanācehsen false lies still; falls and lies motionless vii kanācehnn makes a false move vai1 wanēqtaw lies, falls flat; blows, tumbles over vai7 kanāskehsen falsely sheds leaves, are falling (the leaves) vai1 speaks falsely, ill of him or her, slanders him or her vta penīpīmaksew kēwanmw sheds leaves, fall (leaves); turn color (a tree's leaves) vii speaks falsely, wrongly, mistakenly vai2 kēwanmow penīpīmakat familiar slips and falls, slides vai2 osāqsepesow gets, is used to or familiar with him, her, it vta slips and falls vai7 sūhkihsen nekātnemw speeds, flies, falls in that direction, in that manner vai2 gets, is used to or familiar with it vti1 nekātnehtam ehpēsow family speeds, flies, falls in that direction, in that manner vii in one family, within the family part tepēnaw ehpētw kinship; kin, family ni enāwhtaqswan speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vai2 famous pēhcepesow is famous vai1 wāwēhtakansew speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vii fancy pēhcepetw fancy dances vai2 mēsātnemow tumbles over, falls hurtling vai7 wpakocen fancy part mēsāc tumbles over, falls hurtling vii wpakotw walks fancy, haughty, has a big head vai1 mēsātohnw when the leaves fall part penīpīmak far about that far part omn far back in ancestry part ayākīhtaw
76 far, distant; a long time part wāqnaw is a farmer vai1 kehtekwenniwew goes too far or fast vai1 osāmhkaw fart (N) goes too far or fast vii osāmhkaw fart ni pketwan how far is it?, at what point is it?; when is it? pro tāq- fart (V) peh farts, passes gas vai2 pketow I wonder how far, when it is part ānetok-peh farther is excessively numerous, is in excessive quantity, goes a ways on, a ways farther, beyond; better, better than too far vii osāmīnat ordinary, beyond ordinary nature or power; last, is the far side vii akāmēwew previous part kohkēw more, farther, beyond, too far part anīw leaves him, her, it behind, goes faster or farther than more, farther, beyond, too far prev anīw- him, her, it vta ohcēkanw off alone, far from other people part nahāqc leaves it behind, goes faster or farther than it vti1 ohcēkatam only so far off part omwen-peh more, farther, beyond, too far prev anīw- so far, so long, to such a degree, to that degree part ahpēc fast (A) eats fast, quickly vai1 wwēpahcekw so far, so long, to such a degree, to that degree prev ahpēc- fast part wāwēpac so far; so long a time prev c- goes fast vai1 kesiahkaw so far part omq-peh goes fast vai2 kesīpesow so much, so far, no more, enough, just; at any rate, of goes fast vii kesiahkaw course part kh goes fast vii kesīpetw too far gone, beyond mending, cure, redemption, set in goes too far or fast vai1 osāmhkaw his, her, its ways part kwayās goes too far or fast vii osāmhkaw too much, too far; because part osām grows fast vii wwēpekn too much, too far; because prev osām- hurries, goes fast vai1 wwēpeskaw walks so far, so fast vai1 ahpēhtohnw makes him, her, it go fast vta kesiahkaqnw fare (V) makes him, her, it go fast vta kesīhw grows, develops so; is shaped, constituted so; fares so makes it go fast vti2 kesiahkaqtaw vai1 esēkew makes it go fast vti2 kesīhtaw grows, is shaped or constituted so, develops or fares so makes it hurriedly; makes him, her, it hurry, go fast vta vii esēken wwēpehw farewell (N) makes it hurriedly; makes it hurry, go fast vti2 greet each other, say farewell to each other, shake hands wwēpehtaw vai2 anāmhkatowak paddles, swims fast vai2 kesiahow farm (N) paddles, swims fast vti1 kesiaham field, farm ni mōnahekan runs fast vai1 kīhkeqtaw farm (V) speeds too fast vii osāmepetw digs it up; farms vti1 mōnaham talks fast, too fast vai1 wpiacetonskaw digs things up; harvests; farms vai1 mōnahekw walks right close up; walks fast vai1 kīhkohnw farmer walks so far, so fast vai1 ahpēhtohnw farmer na mōnahekwenniw
77 fast (V) screw; screwdriver; faucet ni pīmahekan fasts too long, fasts to the point of collapse or death vai1 screw; screwdriver; wrench; faucet ni pīmeskwahekan pēhkahkatww fault fasts vai1 mesāhkatww is disappointing, has a fault; some misfortune happens person who fasts na mesāhkatww vii mnwat starts fasting vai1 wpahkatww faultily fasten faultily, unskillfully part pqsekwac buttons, fastens, buckles it vti1 kepuahkwaham moves, acts, does his, her, its work faultily, negligently, fastens it to something solid vti1 sakāhkwaham absent-mindedly vai1 pqsekwaceqtaw fastens to something solid vta sakāhkwahw faulty sticks, pastes, fastens him, her, it onto something vta is faulty, neglected; is neglectful, absent-minded vai1 akīqtahnw pqsekwatsew sticks, pastes, fastens it onto something vti2 akīqtahtaw is faulty, neglected vii pqsekwatat faster favor leaves him, her, it behind, goes faster or farther than sympathizes with him or her, favors him or her vta him, her, it vta ohcēkanw wēcethamw leaves it behind, goes faster or farther than it vti1 thinks of him, her, it in that way; wishes so for him, her, ohcēkatam it; bestows such favor, harm on him, her, it vta ennemw fat (A) fat person na kūkūkeciw fawn is fat, heavy vai1 onākiw fawn na ketākāhsh is fat, heavy vai2 onākow fear (N) is apprehensive, in a state of fear vai2 cēqtannemow fat (N) fat or fat meat on a slaughtered animal, piece of fat na/ni one dislikes to, ought not, had better not, is not willing wēnen to; fears to, with fear, fearfully prev kōqc- father fear (V) father, dad, daddy na pāpāh fears someone, people vai1 koqseww father na owōhnemaw is afraid, scared of him, her, it, fears him, her, it vta koqnw has (someone as) a father; goes to his or her father for something; goes to get his or her government annuity is afraid, scared of it, fears it vti1 koqtam vai1 owōhnew is feared vai2 koqcekāsow has, treats him as a father vta owōhnemw is feared vii koqcekātw my father dna nōhnq makes him, her, it fear something, frightens him, her, it of something vta koqtnw father-in-law father-in-law na osēnemaw feast has, treats him as a father-in-law vta osēnemw feast ni nānetwan my father-in-law dna nesēnh gives a funeral feast for him or her vta cēpenōhkanw gives a funeral feast vai1 cēpenōhkw fatten fattens him, her, it vta onākihw gives out an invitation; gives a feast vai2 nānetow host (of invited guests); giver of a feast na nāseww faucet knob, handle for turning; faucet; doorknob ni pīmenekan invites people; gives a feast vai1 nāseww
78 feat feels for, tries to get his or her hand on him, her, it vta wonderful performance, feat; exhibition, circus, natōnw theatrical performance ni mamātāweqtan feels for, tries to get his or her hand on it vti1 natōnam feather fellow bird's tail, tail feathers ni wanān my fellow pren nēc- down feather na apēwway my fellow pren newēc- feather; pen na mēkon female headpiece, upright ornament or feather worn on head, female animal na okōw roach (pow-wow regalia) na/ni cēpatakan my older sister; female person older than I dna nemēh makes him or her wear an upright head ornament; young female animal; female of domestic animals na presents, decorates him or her with a head feather vta okōhsh cēpatakhw fence plucks it, picks the feathers from it vta mōnw fence ni kaskāhkocekan February is fenced off vai2 kaskāhkwasow February na Nampen-kēsoq fence off feed (V) fences him, her, it off vta kaskāhkonw deals with him, her, it at short intervals; feeds him, her, fences it off vti1 kaskāhkotam it by mouthfuls vta nanīhkacehw fences something off vai1 kaskāhkwacekw gives him, her, it food; feeds him, her, it vta ahsāmw is fenced off vii kaskāhkwatw gives it food, feeds it vti1 ahsāhtam fern gives people food, feeds people vai1 ahsāmeww fern (other than maidenhair) ni nōnākanawas feel ferry (V) feels a tingling in his or her teeth, are on edge (his or crosses a body of water; fords, ferries across; crosses on her teeth) vai1 sāqsahkapetw a bridge vai1 mesākw feels pleased vai2 onānekinemow paddles him, her, it across, ferries him, her, it over vta feels slighted, ignored vai1 mhtāww āsuahonw senses, feels him, her, it, perceives his, her, its coming paddles it across, ferries it over vti2 āsuahotaw or presence vta mōsehw fester senses, feels it, perceives its coming or presence vti2 rots away, festers, has a skin eruption vai1 nēkeskaw mōsehtaw rots away, festers vii nēkeskaw senses, perceives, has a premonition; feels him, her, fetch itself to be in some state vai2 mōsehsow fetches a woman or women vai1 nāthkiww feel at one with fetches food vai1 nācemecemw feels at one with him or her, feels cooperative with him fetches him, her, it by canoe; paddles, swims up to him, or her vta wētōhkawnemw her, it vta nātahw feel for fetches it by canoe; paddles, swims up to it vti1 nātaham feels for him, her, it with his or her hand vta natūcīnw fetches something to drink vai2 nātāphkow feels for it with his or her foot; tries to step on it vti1 fetches water; draws sap, especially sugar sap from a natūcīskam maple vai1 nācepiw feels for it with his or her hand vti1 natūcīnam fetches, gets him, her, it; invites him or her vta nānw feels for something, tries to get hold of things, digs fetches, gets it vti3 nātwah around for something vai1 natōnekw
79 fever file (N) fever ni kesīswan file ni kēpocekan is hot; has a fever; dries him, her, itself vai2 kesēsow shapes it by file, lathe vta ohpōnw sweats, is hot (from fever) vai2 kepūcīsow shapes it by file, lathe vti2 ohpōtāw few file (V) one at a time, one each, singly, one now and then, only does his or her filing, sharpening vai2 kēpotāqsow a few part nānekot files, sharpens it vta kēponw fidget files, sharpens it vti2 kēpotaw is uneasy, fidgety vai1 cehcēqnesew files, sharpens things vai1 kēpocekw field is shaped by filing or lathing vii ohpōtw field, farm ni mōnahekan is shaped by filing, lathing vai2 ohpōsow fife fill small whistle, fife ni pepīkuahsh fills him, her, itself up (with food) vai2 pēhtaqsow fifteen fills him, her, itself up vai2 mōskenansow fifteen part metātah nianan-enēh fills it with liquid vta mōskenpyanw fifty fills it with liquid vti2 mōskenpyataw fifty part nianan metātah fills it; puts it in to fullness vta mōskenanw fifty-five part nianan metātah nianan-enēh fills it; puts it in to fullness vti2 mōskenatāw fight (V) fills, loads, stuffs it vta onāskenanw fight with each other vai2 mēkātowak fills, loads, stuffs it vti2 onāskenatāw fighting, war ni mīkātwan is filled, loaded, stuffed vai1 onāskenw fights (someone, people), wages war vai2 mēkāhkow is filled, loaded, stuffed vii onāskenw fights back, defends him, her, itself vai2 nanāhkow is full of liquid; goes in, fills a vessel without overflow (a fights him, her, it vta mēkānw liquid) vai1 tpepiw fights it vti1 mēkātam is full of liquid; goes in, fills a vessel without overflow (a fights vai1 mēkācekw liquid) vii tpepiw gets a tight hold on him, her, it (in wrestling or fighting) filling vta mamīcpenw five fillings, bagsful, cupsful part niananōsken loves to fight with people vai1 mēkāthkiww four fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nīwōsken there is fighting all over the place vii mīkātīwahkamekat half a filling, half a cupful, half full part āphtōsken fight back one filling, bagful, cupful part nekōtōsken grapples with him, her, it; fights back at him, her, it vta six fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nekūtuasetāhnōsken nanāhkonw so many fillings, bagsful, cupsful part tahnōsken fight off ten fillings, bagsful, cupsful part metātahnōsken fights, wards him, her, it off vta ohtāmahw three fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nqnōsken fighter two fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nīsōsken prize fighter na mēkāhkow-enniw filth figure out falls, lands, lies in a sticky substance, mud, filth vii makes him or herself understand what is said, figures pkehnn out the meaning of something vai2 nenōhtensow
80 finally my middle finger dni mc-nenh in the end, finally, at last part ahkōqsek puts his or her hand or finger inside him, her, it vta find sesēkonw finds him, her, it by groping vta mīhkocinw puts his or her hand or finger inside it vti1 sesēkonam finds him, her, it vta mhkāww someone's finger; inch dni menhkēhsh finds it by groping vti1 mīhkocinam fingernail finds it vti1 mhkām my fingernail, toenail, hoof, claw dna neskās is found vai2 mhkācekasow finicky is found vii mhkācekatw is picky, choosy, finicky vai1 menātesew seeks him, her, it in vain, fails to find him, her, it vta finish kīnonhw completes, finishes it vta kēsehw seeks it in vain, fails to find it vti1 kīnonham completes, finishes it vti2 kēsehtaw find fault fails to finish the food vai1 nōnahcekw finds serious fault with him, her, it, is unpleasantly finished, through, done prev anīh- astonished at him, her, it vta ānīnemw finishes his, her, its work or movement vai1 kēseqtaw finds serious fault with it, is unpleasantly astonished at it finishes its work, movement vii kēseqtamakat vti1 ānīnehtam finishes telling his or her story vai2 kēsācemow find out finishes telling the story about him, her, it vta actually, as it finally turns out to have been, come to find kēsācemw out, the way it has been all along part paykwac finishes telling the story about it vti1 kēsātotam fine (A) finishes, gets done with him, her, it; gets him, her, it chews it fine vta pēqsamw ready vta kēseqtāhnw chews it fine vti1 pēqsahtam finishes, gets done with it; gets it ready vti2 kēseqtāhtaw chops him, her, it fine vta pēqsahw in the past, finished, completely prev kēs- chops it fine vti1 pēqsaham fir I'm fine; pretty well, thank you idiom eneq new ānow balsam fir na pekēwāhtek is a fine day vii menīkēsekat cedar, fir, needle tree na shtākuahtek is broken up fine, finely divided vai1 pēqsekew fire is ground up fine vai2 pēqseposow builds a fire, makes the fire; menstruates vai1 pōtaww slices it fine, grinds it vti1 pēqsesam by the fire part cīkeskoniah slices it fine vta pīqsesiw catches fire, blazes up, catches hold (the fire) vai1 finery pīhkenw puts on finery, dresses up vai1 menuaskwahocekw catches fire, blazes up; catches hold (the fire) vii finger pīhkenw cuts off his or her finger, hand vta kēskenhcihw catches fire vai1 nahkuahkonw cuts off his or her own finger, hand vai2 catches fire vai2 sakhnaqsow kēskenhcihosow catches fire vii nahkuahkonw has stubby fingers vai1 temēnhciw catches fire vii sakhnaqtw lacks a finger, hand vai1 kēskenhciw fire alarm na eskōtw-twhekan my finger, my pinkie dni nenhkēhsh fire ni eskōtw my little finger ni netskuaqcenhkēhsh firestarter at a ceremony na pōtaww
81 has his or her fire extinguished vai1 āqtaww is firm, solid, sound vii paskuan is fire; is on fire; has fire on it vii eskōtwew is firm, solid, strong vai5 sōhken is on fire, has fire on him, her, it vai1 eskōtwew is firm, solid, strong vii sūhkiw is on fire, there is a fire, a prairie fire, a forest fire vii firmly wēpaqtw firmly, thoroughly, entirely part sōh makes a fire with, of, on, under him, her, it vta first pōtawanw at first, formerly, a long time ago, at the beginning, in makes a fire with, of, on, under it vti1 pōtawatam the beginning part yawes makes a fire, lights a lamp vai1 sakāqsahkw beforehand, before other action, first part nawāc makes a fire vai1 eskōthkw beforehand, before other action, first prev nawāc- makes good smoke, there is good smoke, good draft for first in time, earliest, at first, before part nqtam the fire vii menuapaqtw first in time, earliest, at first; before prev nqtam- makes him, her, it catch fire vta nahkīsīw for the first time prev oskēh- makes it catch fire vti1 nahkīsam new, young, fresh; recent, for the first time pren oskēh- poker, stick used for poking the fire ni konhsyah First Lady Potawatomi; firekeeper na pōtawtemīw queen, princess, First Lady na okēmāwiahkiw puts out the fire, the light vai1 āqtahekw first rate sets fire to him, her, it vta sakhnaqsiw splendid, first rate; delicious part ocām sets fire to it vti1 sakhnaqsam firstborn sets it on fire vti1 wēpaqsam my firstborn child na nenqtamūhsyan sets something, things on fire, starts a large, destructive fish (N) fire vai1 wēpaqsekw black sucker na apēsampen starts a large, destructive fire vai1 nahkīsekw catches fish vai1 namqshkw fire fighter fish egg; roe (collective) na wāh fire fighter na eskōtw-mēkācekw fish na namqs firecracker fishing pole ni kohkānāhtek explosive; dynamite, gun-cap, firecracker ni pīhkesekan fishline ni kohkāneyap firefly large catfish, bullhead na wāsew lightning bug, firefly na wāqnemōhsh legendary great fish; whale na mēqsenamk fireplace sawbill fish na mesāy fireplace, stove ni pōtawakan sawbill fish na osīhkwamk open fireplace ni enn-pōtawakan smells fishy vii namqsemyakwat firewood spear, fish spear na anīhtiy chops up wood, splits wood up small, makes kindling or spears fish vai1 natōhāw firewood vai1 pēqsekahhnw spears fish vai1 natōhw picks up sticks; gathers, makes firewood vai1 stoneroller na tanākan manhnw fish (V) piece of firewood ni kotāwān fisherman, woman na natōhw piece of firewood ni mhsēw fishes for pike vai1 okāwhkw firm fishes with a torch vai2 wāqsiw is firm, solid, sound vai5 paskuan
82 fishes with hook and line vai1 kohkw five times part niananinoh torch for hunting, fishing ni wāqswakan five part nianan fisher (mammal) they are five in number vii niananiwan fisher na ocīk fix (V) fisher (one who fishes) fixes, nails, wedges it tight vta sūhkāhkwahw pike fisher na okāwhkw fixes, nails, wedges it tight vti1 sūhkāhkwaham fisherman, woman puts up, fixes, braids his or her (own) hair; swings it in fisherman, woman na natōhw place vti2 onāhotaw fishhawk flag fishhawk, osprey na pēnekekonw flag ni khkēwhon fishhook flame (V) fishhook ni kohkān flames too high vii osāmahkonw fishy flap (N) smells fishy vai1 namqsemyakosew door flap ni kephth fist flap (V) closes his or her fist vai1 kaskāmenhcīqtaw is beaten by the wind, flaps in the wind vai1 my fist ni nephkuahkinh pāhpakqsew opens his or her hand, fist vai1 pāhkenhcīqtaw is beaten by the wind, flaps in the wind vii uses his or her fist on him, her, it vta pāhpakqnen phkuahkinhcīqtaww it flaps or hangs split; is split-tailed (a coat) vii uses his or her fist on it vti1 phkuahkinhcīqtam pāpaqsqnen fit (N) flash (V) has a loose fit of it vti1 wēhpeskam flashes a light right on him, her, it vta meyāwāqsiw flashes a light right on it vti1 meyāwāqsam fit (V) tries laying, fitting him, her, it in place vta shows light, color; flashes a light vai1 wāqsāhkonaww kocēhsemw flat tries laying, fitting it in place vti2 kocēhnetaw falls, lies flat vai7 napākehsen fit in falls, lies flat vii napākehnn has room enough, fits in, can get in vai1 tpaskenw grows, is flat, low, short vai1 tapāhsekew has room enough, fits in, can get in vii tpaskenw grows, is flat, low, short vii tapāhsekn five is flat in natural shape vai1 napākekew are five in number vai1 niananiwak is flat in natural shape vii napākekn five card na niananwasaqsow flatten five coins part niananwaph flattens back its ears (a horse) vai1 sūwīskhtqtaw five days part niananokon flea five fillings, bagsful, cupsful part niananōsken flea na ahpēk five groups, sets, pairs, nations part niananiwān is like a flea, turns into a flea; has fleas vai1 papēkōwew five hundred part niananwak is like a flea, turns into a flea; has fleas vii papēkōwew five sticks, spools, loaves ni niananuahtek fleece five strings, rows part niananwapīk takes off its fleece; cheats him or her vta mūnīkahw five thousand part niananīhnakōhsh
83 flesh flop meat, flesh ni mēcemēhsh flops him, her, it over vta kohkēhsemw fling flops it over vti2 kohkēhnetaw flings it scattering; sows it vta sqsiwpenw flops over vai7 kohkēhsen flings it scattering; sows it vti1 sqsiwpenam flops over vii kohkēhnen throws, flings, kicks him, her, it out of a place vta turns, flops it over by tool vta kohkāhw sākecwpenw turns, flops it over by tool vti1 kohkāham throws, flings, kicks it out of a place vti1 flour sākecwpenam bread; wheat, flour na pahkīsekan throws, flings, swings him, her, it by hand; plays it (a flow (V) card) vta wpenw flows by (a river) vii pemēhnen throws, flings, swings it by hand vti1 wpenam flows on, along, past vii pemēcewan flip flows or wells up into view vii mōhkecewan gets off, down, flips off vai1 ciahkeqtaw flows out; flows (maple sap) vii pīhkawew flirt flows over something vii pahkēcecewan flirts with him or her vta mamhsacehw flows over something vii wahkēcecewan float flows well (sap) vii menuasekawew drifts, floats along vai2 pemēpokow starts to flow vii mācecewan floats, sits still on the water, soaks vai7 enākīhcen stops flowing, stops running (water) vii pōnekawew floats, sits still on the water, soaks vii enākīhtw flower paddles, floats him, her, it downstream vta miahonw flower ni wāqsāhkonawt paddles, floats it downstream vti2 miahotaw flower ni wāqsāhkonawtōhsh puts him, her, it in or on water; soaks, floats, dips him, goldenrod, yellow flower ni wsāwanāhkwah her, it vta akīhcemw flush (poker) puts it in or on water; soaks, floats, dips it vti2 flush (at poker) ni āhpenekn akīhcetaw flute there is ice floating in the water, on the river vii blows on it to make noise; plays music on it (a whistle pīwanāskiqtan or flute) vti1 kāketowhtam flood (V) flute, whistle ni pepīkwan is full of liquid, flooded vii mōskeqnn plays the flute vai2 pepēkow floor fly (N) floor, flooring ni napākhnakat mūcīw is smooth wood, is a slippery floor vii osāqshnakat fly na ocīw lays mats, makes a floor for, of, in, on it, puts a floor in fly-paper ni ocīw-taqnonākan it (a house) vti2 anāhkīhtaw horsefly na mesāsāh scrubs the floor vai1 kesēhnakahekw washes it (boards, the floor) vti1 kesēhnakaham fly (V) drops, flies with rustling noise vai7 senāwekēhsen flooring falls, flies here, towards here; hangs in this direction floor, flooring ni napākhnakat vai7 pītakocen mat, rug, carpet, flooring ni anāhkīhcekan falls, flies here, towards here; hangs in this direction vii pītakotw
84 flies a straight course vai1 meyāweqnw there is fog on the water vii pīkesiyākamiw flies along, on, around vai1 pemēqnw foggy flies around vai1 kēweqnw is foggy, there is fog vii awān flies around vai1 papāmeqnw is foggy vii awānēwew flies here, towards here vai1 pīceqnw fold flies in that direction vai1 esēqnw folded up vii pyakonekatw flies into a place vai1 pīhtikqnw folds him, her, it up small vta paykonw flies it vta pemēqnw folds it up and lays it away vta pyakuaqnw flies off vai1 wpeqnw folds it up and lays it away vti2 pyakuaqtaw flies out of a place vai1 sākecēqnw folds it up small vti1 paykonam flies through the air vii papāmepetw folds it up; uselessly handles him, her, it vta speeds, flies in every direction vai2 nqswanācepesow ksepnw speeds, flies, falls in that direction, in that manner vai2 folds it up; uselessly handles it vti1 ksepnam ehpēsow folds it up vta pyakonw speeds, flies, falls in that direction, in that manner vii folds it up vti1 pyakonam ehpētw fold up speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vai2 is folded up vai2 pyakonekasow pēhcepesow follow speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vii follows a path, trail vai2 metmow pēhcepetw follows his, her, its trail back vta asīhtahāhnw speeds, glides, flies into a place, goes fast inside vii follows its trail back vti1 asīhtahāhtam pīhtikpetw follows, pursues something, someone vai1 speeds, glides, flies into a place; goes, runs, drives fast nōcpenhcekw inside vai2 pīhtikpesow follows, pursues, chases him, her, it; follows suit on it speeds, glides, flies to the destination, arriving vai2 (card which has been played) vta nōcpenhw piatwepesow follows, pursues, chases it vti2 nōcpenhtaw speeds, glides, flies to the destination, arriving vii tracks it down; follows it (a trail or path) to the end vti2 piatwepetw piatwahāhtaw fly up fond flies up and is suspended; sends up dust (for example, a eats sweets, is fond of sweets vai2 sēwemenhkow road) vii ohpākotw is overly fond of him, her, it vta osāmnemw moves upward; flies up vai1 ohpēqtaw is overly fond of it vti1 osāmnehtam flying squirrel food flying squirrel na pennik brings food vai1 pītāpoww foam (N) brings him, her, it soup, food vta pītāpowanw foam ni pēqtw cache, store of food ni aqnapāhkwan foams; there is a whirlpool vii wāwēyāhpetan ceremonial gift (especially of food) ni cēpāhkosewān fodder cooking; things cooked; gift of food ni cīpāhkwan fodder, food na mēcem eats Indian food vai1 mamāceqtawahcekw fog fails to finish the food vai1 nōnahcekw fog ni awān fetches food vai1 nācemecemw
85 food taken along on a journey; lunch ni nīmān pāhsesetskaw food, fodder na mēcem gets touched by foot, brushed against vii food ni mīcehswan phshkacekatw gets eaten; is food vai2 mēcekasow gets touched by foot, gets brushed against vai2 gives him, her, it food; feeds him, her, it vta ahsāmw phshkacekasow gives it food, feeds it vti1 ahsāhtam goes barefoot vai1 sāhsakēhnw gives out food vai1 ahsānew has a foot, toe cut off, lacks a foot, toe vai1 kēskesetw is left over (food) vai2 eskuahcekasow has a swollen foot vai1 pāhsesetw is left over (food) vii eskuahcekatw has big feet vai1 mamāhkesetw is satisfied; is full, has had enough food vai2 tpenow has cold, frozen feet vai1 kēhkacewesetw it gets eaten; is food vii mēcekatw has small feet vai1 papēwesetw lacks food, goes hungry vai1 puaweqtaw his or her foot; foot (for example, of a slaughtered animal) dni osēt likes the taste of what he, she, it eats, enjoys the food vai1 wēhkeqcekw is asleep (his or her foot) vai1 sāqsahkesetw prepares food for storage vai1 mēcemhkw makes a step, sets down his or her foot vai2 anhkow prepares it as stored food vta mēcemhkanw my foot dni nesēt prepares it as stored food vti1 mēcemhkatam someone's foot, a human foot; foot (measure of length) dni mesēt stuffs him or herself (with food) to prostration vai2 kawāskenansow stamps his, her, its foot vai1 tahkīqtaw stuffs him, her, itself with food vai2 pīhtaskwansow touches him, her, it with his or her foot; brushes against him, her, it in passing vta phshkaww fool (V) rubs him, her, it with something; paints, daubs, smears, touches it with his or her foot; brushes against it in passing anoints him, her, it; misinforms, fools him or her vta vti1 phshkam sesuahw washes his or her feet vai1 kesēqnesetw foolish foot (measurement) acts foolishly, performs his or her action or work in a someone's foot, a human foot; foot (measure of length) foolish way, ineptly vai1 wāwiaqneqtaw dni mesēt is foolish, mischievous; is licentious, immoral vai1 footing wanēnwesew changes his or her footing; takes a step vai2 is foolish vai1 wāwiaqnātsew yātanhkow is uneasy; foolish vai1 wanātesew moves to get or regain his, her, its hold or footing vai1 nahkīqtaw is unruly, troublesome, crazy; starts off in a bad, foolish way; has the start of an attack of illness, of a stroke vai1 footwear wpesew puts on shoes, footwear vai1 wsēw foolishness puts shoes, footwear on him or herself vai2 wsēhesow talks nonsense, foolishness vai2 wāweyakemow takes off his or her shoes, footwear vai2 phphkow foot (body part) for sale at the foot of the hill ni cīkatāhkyah thing sold, for sale ni tepāhākan cuts his or her own foot, toe through or off; gets a foot, forbid toe cut off vai2 kēskesethosow avoids, forbids it; makes a taboo of it vai2 sasāhkow gets swollen feet; walks with swollen feet vai1 forbids, stops him, her, it vta kenuaww
86 tries to keep it away from him, her, it; forbids it to him, fork (V) her, it vta tapātamoww forks (for example, a road or a river) vii saqnawepaniw force forks (wood, tree, stick, other solid thing) vai1 props, forces him or herself up; forces him or herself up saqnawāhkosew from bed vai2 oniahkwahosow forks vii saqnawāhkwat pushes him, her, it; forces, makes, urges him or her vta forlorn kāhtenw acts forlorn vai1 nepōtwesew ford (V) looks hopeless, forlorn, unusable vii kūhpacenākwat crosses a body of water; fords, ferries across; crosses on looks hopeless, utterly forlorn, unusable vai1 a bridge vai1 mesākw kōhpacenākosew crosses a bridge, crosses, fords vai1 āsokw formerly runs crossing over; runs crossing a bridge, fording vai4 at first, formerly, a long time ago, at the beginning, in āsokpahtaw the beginning part yawes forefoot formidable my (quadruped's) forefoot, foreleg dni nenhkeset is formidable, dreadful vai1 cēqtannehtakosew forehead is formidable, dreadful vii cēqtannehtakwat my forehead dni nhkh is formidable, terrible; is a good hunter vai1 foreleg koqtamekosew my (quadruped's) forefoot, foreleg dni nenhkeset fort forest barracks, fort ni semākanehsīwikamek forest of small trees, woods ni pīqsāhkihkiw fortunate forest, woods ni wāqnyāhkihkiw is well looked upon by higher powers, is fortunate, has a pleasant woods, lovely forest ni onānekuahkihkiw good time of it vai1 menuapamwsew woods, forest ni mqtekuahkihkiw fortunately forever it's a good thing, it's lucky, fortunately, by lucky chance forever and ever, for all time part kākekhkamek part khkemen forever, eternally, permanently part kākek forty forget forty part nīw enoh metātah forgets him, her, it; fails to know of him, her, it vta forty-five part nīw enoh metātah nianan-enēh wannemw found (V) forgets it; fails to know of it vti1 wannehtam is put in place, arranged, instituted, founded vii forgets things, fails to know things vai1 onāqtw wannehcekw four gets him, her, it loose; loses, loses track of, mislays him, part nīw her, it, forgets where he or she has put him, her, it vta are four in number vai1 nīwiwak wanēhsemw are four in number vii nīwiwan gets it loose; loses, loses track of, mislays it, forgets four card na nīwasāqsow where he or she has put it vti2 wanēhnetaw four coins part nīwuaph fork (N) four days part nīwokon tool for goring, pricking; fork ni pacēskahekan four fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nīwōsken four groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīwīwān
87 four hundred part nīwuak frequent (V) four of a kind (poker) na nīwiwak bothers him, her, it; frequents, uses it too much vta four sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīwuahtek osāmiahkaww four strings, rows part nīwuapīk dislikes dealing with, frequenting him, her, it; finds him, four thousand part nīwīhnakōhsh her, it monotonous, tiresome vta sekāciahkaww four times part nīwinoh dislikes dealing with, frequenting it; finds it monotonous, tiresome vti1 sekāciahkam four prev nīw- frequents, uses it too much vti1 osāmiahkam holds four of a kind at poker vai2 nīwocinaqsow stops dealing with, frequenting, using him, her, it vta is four days, four days old; is Thursday vii nīwokonakat pūniahkaww fourteen stops dealing with, frequenting, using it vti1 pūniahkam fourteen part metātah nīw-enēh fresh fowl is fresh, raw vai5 askēhsen bird, fowl na ohpēqtaw is fresh, raw vii askēhnen fox is young, fresh, new vai1 oskēkew fox na wākoh is young, fresh, new vii oskēken Fox (tribe, language) new, young, fresh; recent, for the first time pren oskēh- Mesqwakie (Fox) Indian na meskwahkīy raw meat, fresh meat ni askīwakan Outagami (Fox) Indian na otākāmēw Friday Fox River is Friday vii mesāhkatww-kēsekat Fox River place name Wākoh Sēpēw friend free (A) are brothers, cousins, friends; they make friends with pulls free, gets out of something vai1 kīqceqtaw each other vai2 owēmatēhtowak with no particular aim, with no result, just in fun, free of brothers, cousins, friends na owēmatēhtowak charge part nāsap new girl, woman speaking: my friend dna akeq free (V) has, treats her as a sister, friend vta owētekhkomw is free of snow (the ground) vii nēpehtw have, treat each other as sisters, friends vai2 free time owētekhkohtowak at a time of leisure, in free time part wāwān his friend na owēmaton freeze is related to him or her, is friends with him or her; are freezes to hardness, is frozen; there is a frost vii friends (men); has a brother vai1 owēmatew pākatn my brother, my (male) friend; my brother-in-law; my freezes to hardness vai1 pākacew male cross-cousin, any man (other than my mother's freezes, is frozen, feels very cold vai1 kēhkacew brother) who is nesēh or ehkwanaeh dna nēhtās freezes, is frozen vii kēhkatn my brother, my (male) friend dna nēhtāwes freezes, is frozen vii pākatw my male friend, acquaintance, or companion (man Fremont speaking; voc.) dna neqat Fremont (WI) place name Penwīkoh my sister, my female parallel cousin, friend, companion frequent (A) (woman speaking) dna nētekh every little while, at frequent intervals part sisters, friends na owētekhkohtowak wāwwēpac
88 frighten there is frost on things, there is a hoar-frost vii frightens him, her, it by speech vta skemw mīqnanamwatn frightens him, her, it vta skehw frown frightens it vti2 skehtaw frowns vai1 nhkūhkīskaw frightens people by speech, speaks in a frightening way frozen vai1 skemeww freezes, is frozen, feels very cold vai1 kēhkacew frightens people; warns people vai1 koqtseww freezes, is frozen vii kēhkatn is easily frightened vai1 skesīhkiw freezes, is frozen vii pākatw is frightened, afraid vai1 skesew has cold, frozen feet vai1 kēhkacewesetw makes a frightened movement vai1 kakuanqnakeqtaw is frozen hard (the ground) vii pākatāhkamekat makes him, her, it fear something, frightens him, her, it is frozen over vii kepāten of something vta koqtnw fruit thinks it frightful; is badly frightened vti1 fruit, piece of fruit; sweet bread ni sēwan kakuanqnaknehtam fruit ni mesktw frightful skin of fruit or vegetable, its skin ni otākom predicts frightful things for him or her vta stewed fruit, jam ni pīhkemenaqsekan kakuanqnakemw fry predicts frightful things for him or herself vai2 fries it vta packīpemīqsiw kakuanqnakemsow fries it vta paskīpemīqsiw thinks it frightful; is badly frightened vti1 fries it vti1 packīpemīqsam kakuanqnaknehtam fries it vti1 paskīpemīqsam frog is fried vai2 paskīpemīqsow frog na omāhkahkow is fried vii paskīpemīqtw frog-hawk roasting pan, frying pan ni apuahsokan frog-hawk na wāwāpēqtaw something which has been fried ni paskīpemīqtw from frybread from there; therefore part yōh frybread phrase paskīpemīqsow pahkīsekan front fuel goes in front, leads the way vai1 menqtamēhkw is all burned up, used up as fuel vai2 mqtesow in front of me, before me, ahead of me; in the future before me part nemnqtameh full full, to fullness part mōsken in front; in the future; anyhow, never mind, it will happen or turn out all right part menq is full (of food) to prostration vai1 kawāskenw stands in front, at the head, at the prow vai1 is full of liquid, flooded vii mōskeqnn menqtamekāpowew is full of liquid; goes in, fills a vessel without overflow (a liquid) vai1 tpepiw frost freezes to hardness, is frozen; there is a frost vii is full of liquid; goes in, fills a vessel without overflow (a pākatn liquid) vii tpepiw is frosty, there is frost on the ground vii kūnīhkatn is full of liquid vai1 mesēwpīw is killed, ruined by frost vai1 kīhkacew is full of liquid vai1 mōskenpīw is killed, ruined by frost vii kīhkatw is full of liquid vii mesēwpīw is full of liquid vii mōskenpīw
89 is full; is in something to the point of fullness vai1 furnish mōskenw takes him, her, it from there; procures, obtains, is in something to the point of fullness vii mōskenw furnishes, supplies him, her, it vta ohtnw is round, circular; is full (the moon) vai1 wāweyakew takes it from there; procures, obtains, furnishes, supplies is satisfied; is full, has had enough food vai2 tpenow it vti1 ohtnam is too full, has overeaten vai1 osāmaskenw fuss (V) is too full vii osāmaskenw worries, fusses over him, her, it; helps him, her, it out; holds a ceremony over him or her (deceased person) vta stuffs him, her, it completely full vta pēhkaskenanw wasēnawanw stuffs it completely full vti2 pēhkaskenataw worries, fusses over it vti1 wasēnawatam full house (poker) worries, fusses over things vai1 wasēnawacekw full house (at poker) ni mōskenw fussy fully is fussy, officious vai1 wasēnawacekckiw exactly, evenly, properly; fully, to that degree part apec future fumble in front of me, before me, ahead of me; in the future fumbles, misses him, her, it as he or she grabs vta before me part nemnqtameh panēponw in front; in the future; anyhow, never mind, it will fumbles, misses it as he or she grabs vti2 panēpotaw happen or turn out all right part menq moves, acts, works in a fumbling, hesitant way vai1 tatātekīqtaw fun with no particular aim, with no result, just in fun, free of charge part nāsap new funeral gives a funeral feast for him or her vta cēpenōhkanw gives a funeral feast vai1 cēpenōhkw gives, offers him, her, it up; holds funeral rites for him or her vta pakētnemw funnel funnel ni sēkenekan funny in a pretty, cute, funny way part ont looks bad, looks funny vai1 matāpamenākesew looks funny vai1 tmakanakosew fur fur coat ni wqnasikwan furs, fur goods ni wqsekan has fur on its head; has just a little hair on his or her head, has fuzzy hair, has a very short haircut vai1 mēqsethpw furnace furnace, boiler na eskōtw-ahkh
90 gasp breathes with difficulty, gasps vai2 mamītāwanamow gasps for breath vai2 tatākanamow gather G assembles, gathers him, her, it, them, brings them all together vta māwacēhsemw assembles, gathers it, them, brings them all together vti2 gall māwacēhnetaw oak gall ni phkuahkwatōhsh berry gatherer na nawēnw gallon gathers acorns (a bear) vai2 mawēhsow dipper, gallon ni kuapenakan gathers basswood bark vai1 wēkopēhkw gamble gathers blackberries vai1 anōhkanhkw compete; gamble vai2 aqtatowak gathers eggs vai1 wāwanōhkw competes with people; gambles with people vai2 gathers ginseng vai1 mamāceqtāhshkw aqtawekow gathers it by hand vta māwatonw competes, gambles with him or her vta aqtaww gathers it by hand vti1 māwatonam game (animal) gathers strawberries vai1 athemenhkw kills something, makes a killing, kills game vai1 gathers, collects them vta māwacehw nqtakw gathers, collects them vti2 māwacēhtaw game (play) gathers, picks berries vai1 nawēnw competes in a race, game vai1 khciakatew gathers, prepares kinnickinnick vai1 game, play ni mianāceqtan ahpsāwānhkw gape gathers, puckers, shrinks in the heat vai2 holds his, her, its mouth open, gapes vai1 tāwanw māwatōhnaqsow garbage gathers, puckers, shrinks in the heat vii garbage, thing thrown away ni pakēcekan māwatōhnaqtw garden (N) hunts, gathers insects; picks off potato-bugs; digs worms garden ni mōnahekhsh vai1 awtokēhshkw garden (V) is gathered by hand vai2 māwatonekasow gardens vai1 mōnahekhshkw is gathered by hand vii māwatonekatw gargle is gathered, collected vai2 māwacēhcekasow gargles it vti1 cēkanhtam is gathered, collected vii māwacēhcekatw garter knocks it off or down by tool; gathers rice, knocks rice arm garter na kqcēhcewp into the boat vti1 pawāham garter na khkēkātp picks him, her, it up by hand, gathers it; picks it up off puts garters on him or herself vai2 khkēkātpesow the ground vta aqseknw garter snake picks it up by hand, picks it up off the ground, gathers it garter snake na osāqsaww-kenūpikōhsh up vti1 aqseknam gas rice gathering ni pawāhān farts, passes gas vai2 pketow generation oil, fat, grease, lard, salt pork; gas, motor oil ni pemēh next in order; a generation back part āth
91 generous get a good shot at generous man, good fellow na matākonniw gets a good shot at him, her, it vta gently peskuaphknamoww slowly, gently, easily part nahkāc get across genuine gets him, her, itself across; skips across vai1 real, genuine pren pōc- pāsetāhkiqtaw truly, really, genuine, in earnest, with real intention part get along kqten has control over him or herself; makes him or herself do something; can manage, get along vai2 wīhkihsow get acts excessively upon it, abuses it; makes, takes, gets too keeps even, manages to get along vai2 tepianesow much of it vti2 osāmehtaw get away controls, manages, gets, earns it for him or her vta sneaks away, escapes, runs away, gets away vai1 wīhkihtuww kēmēw fetches, gets him, her, it; invites him or her vta nānw get caught in, on fetches, gets it vti3 nātwah gets caught in a tree, branches, on other solid thing vai7 gets control over, controls, compels it; gets, earns it; nawātāhkicen manages, can do it vti2 wīhkihtaw gets caught in a tree, branches, on other solid thing vii gets control over, controls, convinces, compels him, her, nawātāhkitw it; gets, earns it; manages it vta wīhkihw get done gets it on credit vta masēnahw finishes, gets done with him, her, it; gets him, her, it ready vta kēseqtāhnw gets it on credit vti1 masēnaham finishes, gets done with it; gets it ready vti2 kēseqtāhtaw gets possession of him, her, it vta pākecihw gets possession of it vti1 pākeciham get hold of fails to get hold of him, her, it in time vta kethkenw gets up to, catches him, her, it vta meshkaww fails to get hold of it in time vti1 kethkenam gets up to, catches it vti1 meshkam feels for something, tries to get hold of things, digs gets, earns it for him or herself vai2 wīhkihtwasow around for something vai1 natōnekw gets, gets hold of, catches, grabs him, her, it vta gets hold of him, her, it in time vta kqshkonw tpenw gets hold of it in time vti1 kqshkonam gets, gets hold of, catches, grabs it vti1 tpenam gets hold of it with his or her teeth, gets it into his or her is easy to handle, get, do; is cheap vii wnehpanat mouth vti1 tpahtam is easy to handle, to get; is cheap vai1 wnehpansew gets, gets hold of, catches, grabs him, her, it vta runs to get him, her, it; runs up to, after him, her, it vta tpenw nācepāhtwanw gets, gets hold of, catches, grabs it vti1 tpenam runs to get it; runs up to, after it vti1 nācepāhtwatam gropes around trying to get hold of him, her, it vta strives to get him, her, it, works at it; courts him or her; nanāqtocinw illicitly consorts with him or her vta mēhkemw gropes around trying to get hold of it vti1 nanāqtocinam strives to get it, works at it vti1 mēhkehtam get in takes a liking to him, her, it, wants to get him, her, it vta has room enough, fits in, can get in vai1 tpaskenw mamnemw has room enough, fits in, can get in vii tpaskenw takes a liking to it, wants to get it vti1 mamnehtam
92 get into trouble giant (N) gets him, her, it into trouble vta menhkaww giant na mqnapw gets him, her, itself into trouble vai2 menhkasow gibberish gets it into trouble vti1 menhkam talks gibberish vai1 wēyaketonskaw get it (understand) talks nonsense, gibberish vai1 wāweyakeqnsew knows, understands, gets it; knows (such-and-such) gift about it; has consciousness vti1 khkēnam ceremonial gift (especially of food) ni cēpāhkosewān get off cooking; things cooked; gift of food ni cīpāhkwan gets off, dismounts vai1 miakiqtaw cooks for him, her, it; gives him, her, it a ceremonial gift gets off, down, flips off vai1 ciahkeqtaw of food or tobacco vta cēpāhkonw get out cooks for someone; makes a ceremonial gift (especially gets, chases him or her out of bed vta onēnesehw of food) vai1 cēpāhkoseww moves out, gets out of the water vai1 akuaqtaw gives something to someone, to people; makes a gift or moves, comes, gets out of a narrow or snug place vai1 payment vai2 mēkow kecēqtaw is given something, receives gifts vai2 mēnekosow pulls free, gets out of something vai1 kīqceqtaw ginger get ready wild ginger na namīhpen gets everything ready for him, her, it vta gingham onmāwehw gingham ni wīweniyhpesonīk gets him or herself ready; dresses up vai2 onnesow ginseng get the better of gathers ginseng vai1 mamāceqtāhshkw gets the better of him or her, defeats him or her vta gird wēskewehw is belted, girded vai2 pakuahthow outwits him or her; gets the better of him or her vta girl waysehw African American girl na apīsanāqsiahkīhsh get things done girl na kīqsēhsh is always getting things done, is constructive, is a young girl, unmarried vai1 kēkāhkowew industrious, active vai1 osēhcekckiw Menominee girl, young woman na get through omqnomeniahkīhsh gets through a narrow, tight place; gets through a older sister, girl or woman who is older na omēhsemaw difficulty vai1 sāpiqtaw Potawatomi girl na pōtawtemiahkīhsh get up Winnebago girl na wenepekūhkīhsh gets up from lying, from bed vai1 onēw give pries him, her, it (something solid) loose; gets him or give something, things to each other vai2 mēnetowak her up out of bed; pries him, her, it loose from gives him or her a chew of tobacco vta something solid vta oniahkwahw akuanhcekehw get well gives him or her clothing; dresses him or her vta gets well, recovers vai1 ennīw poqshkakhw ghost gives him or her great gratification; gives him, her, it corpse, dead person; ghost na cēpay what he, she, it really wants vta wīhkawanāmihw soul, spirit, ghost na otqcyak gives him or her something to keep, entrusts something
93 to him or her vta kanōhtenw puts down, leaves, throws away, discards things; gives gives it to him, her, it vta mēnw something up; confesses (to a Catholic priest) vai1 gives something to someone, to people; makes a gift or pakēcekw payment vai2 mēkow quits what he, she, it is doing, gives up vai1 is given something, receives gifts vai2 mēnekosow ānhsēqtaw satisfies him, her, it, gives him, her, it enough gizzard (especially food) vta tpenohw small bladder; crop, gizzard; bubble ni wīhkōhsh give a ride glad puts, takes, loads him, her, it (animate) on a vessel, I am glad to accept, I'm glad to do it, I appreciate that, vehicle; gives him or her a ride vta pōsehw certainly, right away part wayēpac give away glance (N) gives away his, her, its thought, intent; gives up hope glance ni natāwāpen vai2 pannemow glance (V) give birth blinks, glances at him, her, it; puts it into his or her eye gives birth to him, her, it (animate) vta penuanw by blinking; flashes lightning at him, her, it (a gives birth to it vti1 penuatam Thunderer) vta natāwāpenotaww gives birth to twins vai1 metqshkw blinks, glances at it; puts it into his or her eye by blinking; flashes lightning at it (a Thunderer) vti1 give in natāwāpenotam gives in to him or her; gives his or her permission vta nēhnonw glance off glances off of something solid vai7 tīskāhkihsen gives in to it; permits it, gives his or her permission vti1 nēhnonam glances off of something solid vii tīskāhkihnn give out glass gives out food vai1 ahsānew drinking glass ni sāpuaqnw gives out, falls short, is deficient, there is not enough of glass container; bottle, glass ni sāpuaqneciken it; runs short of something vai7 nōsehsen glass, window ni wāqshcekan gives out, falls short, is deficient, there is not enough of glass ni wāqshcekanāpoh it vii nōsehnn small bottle, glass ni sāpuaqnecikenōhsh give up glasses fails, gives up, cannot manage vai2 ānawehsow has (something as) an eye, eyes, or face; wears glasses gives away his, her, its thought, intent; gives up hope vai2 oskēhsekow vai2 pannemow my eyeglasses dni neskēhsekōhkacekanan gives up the thought of him, her, it, despairs of him, her, my face, my eye, my eyeglasses dni neskēhsek it vta ānawnemw someone's eyeglasses, a pair of eyeglasses dni gives up the thought of it, despairs of it; gives up in meskēhsekōhkacekanan discouragement vti1 ānawnehtam glide gives up, abandons his, her, its intention or attempt vai1 comes speeding, gliding here, towards here vai2 nīhniqtaw pīhpesow gives up vai2 wannemow comes speeding, gliding here, towards here vii gives, offers him, her, it up; holds funeral rites for him pīhpetw or her vta pakētnemw goes, glides slowly vai2 pcepesow gives, offers it up vti1 pakētnehtam goes, glides slowly vii pcepetw
94 speeds, glides, flies into a place, goes fast inside vii goes into a rut or hole (a wheel) vai1 pīhtikpetw wānāmhkskaw speeds, glides, flies into a place; goes, runs, drives fast goes or is placed behind an obstacle to vision vii inside vai2 pīhtikpesow ākawēhnen speeds, glides, flies to the destination, arriving vai2 goes that way (the road) vii ehpāniw piatwepesow goes there, towards there vii esīmakat speeds, glides, flies to the destination, arriving vii goes there vai3 esīw piatwepetw goes too far or fast vai1 osāmhkaw speeds, glides, goes back, backwards vai2 asīpesow goes too far or fast vii osāmhkaw speeds, glides, goes back, backwards vii asīpetw goes with a piece lacking, lacks a piece vii packīskaw glitter goes, glides slowly vai2 pcepesow is in sunlight, is sunlit, glitters in the sun; has the sun in goes, glides slowly vii pcepetw his or her eyes vai2 sahkāqsow goes, is placed behind an obstacle to vision vai7 is in sunlight, is sunlit, glitters in the sun vii sahkāqtw ākawēhsen shines brightly, glittering, is bright, reflects light vai2 goes, travels in the night vai1 nīpskaw wāqsaphkasow goes, walks on a snowcrust vai7 wanhsen glove goes, walks, moves into a place vai1 pīhtikskaw gloves phrase menh senakosetuaq has (someone as) a father; goes to his or her father for mitten, glove na naqnh something; goes to get his or her government annuity glutton vai1 owōhnew glutton, greedy person na askāqnem is excessively numerous, is in excessive quantity, goes gluttonous too far vai5 osāmīn is gluttonous, greedy vai1 askāqnemowew is taken along, goes along with someone, with people gnat vai2 wīcīwekow gnat na phkōhsh lies twofold; goes two ways vii nīsihnn gnaw looks at something, takes a look before going, acting bites, gnaws, eats a hole in it vta tawāmw vai1 nawāsāpahcekw bites, gnaws, eats a hole in it vti1 tawāhtam makes him, her, it go fast vta kesiahkaqnw eats things clean, gnaws something down to the bone makes him, her, it go fast vta kesīhw vai1 kāhpahcekw makes him, her, it go there, towards there, sends him, go her, it there, towards there vta esīhw accompany each other, go together vai2 wīciahtowak makes it go fast vti2 kesiahkaqtaw always, all the time; gone part ahpn makes it go fast vti2 kesīhtaw gets going, gets underway vai1 otāhpekatqtaw makes it go slowly vta pshkāqnw gets into motion, starts going, starts off, leaves, goes makes it go slowly vti2 pshkāqtaw away vai3 mācīw moves, goes slowly vai1 pshkaw goes around and around vii tetqtepskaw moves, goes slowly vii pshkaw goes downhill (the road) vii nūhsemepaniw moves, goes up vai1 espēqtaw goes fast vai2 kesīpesow moves, goes, climbs, gets down; goes downstairs vai1 goes fast vii kesiahkaw penēqtaw goes fast vii kesīpetw moves, goes, runs (for example, a clock or car) vai1
95 mācīskaw mixes it up, makes a mess of it by going around, moves, goes, runs vii mācīskaw trampling vta nqswanāshkaww moves, goes, works poorly vii māmashkaw mixes it up, makes a mess of it by going around, speeds, glides, flies into a place, goes fast inside vii trampling vti1 nqswanāshkam pīhtikpetw go at speeds, glides, flies into a place; goes, runs, drives fast goes at him, her, it in the proper way, efficiently vta inside vai2 pīhtikpesow pōsoskaww stops moving, going vai1 pōnhkaw goes at it in the proper way, efficiently vti1 pōsoskam stops moving, going vii pōnhkaw goes at, deals with him, her, it properly vta pckiahkaww go about around, about, going about, moving continuously with goes at, deals with it properly vti1 pckiahkam varying direction prev papām- go away go ahead gets into motion, starts going, starts off, leaves, goes goes ahead of, clears the way for him, her, it vta away vai3 mācīw menqtamēhkanw go off, away to perform action prev awēh- goes ahead of, clears the way for it vti1 leaves him, her, it behind, goes away without him, her, menqtamēhkatam it; outruns him, her, it vta payānw set about an act, go ahead and; in passing, by, on along leaves it behind, goes away without it; outruns it vti2 prev pemīm- payātāw go along makes him, her, it go away vta mācīhw accompanies him, her, it, goes along with him, her, it, is go back taken along by him, her, it vta wīcīww goes back towards it vti1 eshkam asks him or her to go along vta pecēnw goes back, goes home; leaves vai1 kēww goes along, by with noise vai7 pemīwhsen goes back vai1 waskēw goes along, by with noise vii pemīwhnen speeds, glides, goes back, backwards vai2 asīpesow go around go bad goes around and around, spins around vii lies badly, is in a poor position; goes bad vai7 macēhsen wāweyakskaw lies badly, is in a poor position; goes bad vii macēhnen goes around speaking, telling about him, her, it vta go by papāmemw goes along, by with noise vai7 pemīwhsen goes around speaking, telling about it vti1 papāmehtam goes along, by with noise vii pemīwhnen goes around the earth (the sun) vti1 go down kākohkāhkawiahnatam sets, goes down (sun, moon, star) vai1 nīw goes around thinking of him, her, it, with a notion go home concerning him, her, it vta papāmnemw goes back, goes home; leaves vai1 kēww goes around thinking of it, with a notion concerning it go hungry vti1 papāmnehtam lacks food, goes hungry vai1 puaweqtaw goes, is passed around (for example, a pipe) vai7 go in, into kiaqtāhsen goes indoors, into a place, comes in, enters (a house) goes, is passed around vii kiaqtāhnen vai1 pīhtikw messes things up by going around, trampling vai1 nqswanāshkacekw
96 go off go up go off in single file vai2 anmāwantowak climbs up, goes up a ladder, stairway vai1 go off to (and return) prev ap- ehkuahtaww goes off talking vai1 anmetonskaw go upward go on goes upward, swells up vai1 esphkaw goes clattering, roaring on or past vai1 pemīwkesew goal goes clattering, roaring on or past vii pemīwkat gets to the end, goal of it vti1 wayhkuaskam goes on, continues to exist as a space, place, world, state goat of affairs vii mācīhkamekat goat na menūkuapos goes on, past talking vai1 pemētonskaw goatskin na menūkuaposwakom goes on, past with noise vti1 pemītam God going on prev mācīh- God, Great Spirit na mc-awtok moves along, goes on vii pemskaw going to while the action goes on, engaged in prev mk- intend to, want to, going to prev katw- go out will, shall, going to prev aw- go out in single file vai2 sāketawantowak gold goes out in a rage vai2 sākeceketasow gold ni osāwāsūniyan it goes out, is extinguished, stops burning vii āqtw gold phrase osāwiw sūniyan go past goldenrod goes clattering, roaring on or past vai1 pemīwkesew goldenrod, yellow flower ni wsāwanāhkwah goes clattering, roaring on or past vii pemīwkat gone goes on, past talking vai1 pemētonskaw gone, disappeared, out of sight part tanenakah goes on, past with noise vti1 pemītam till all is gone, using all up prev mqc- lets him, her, it go past; misses (the time for) him, her, it good by being too late vta kaphkehsemw does enough for him, her, it; does him, her, it good, lets it go past; misses (the time for) it by being too late pleases him, her, it vta tpehw vti2 kaphkehnetāw generous man, good fellow na matākonniw passes, goes past him, her, it vta kaphkaww good at, knowing how, doing it well; given to doing it; passes, goes past it vti1 kaphkam well able to, skillfully, given to prev nhēh- good pren wēskew- go through goes through it vti1 pacphkam grows well, does well; is a good person, creature, thing vai1 menīkew wears him, her, it out; goes through all of it vta mqshkaww grows well, does well; is a good thing; is a good place or opportunity vii menīken wears it out; goes through all of it vti1 mqshkam in a good way prev wēskew- go to pieces is good breaks to pieces in falling; goes to pieces vai7 pīkihsen vai1 wiaskesew is good goes to pieces, breaks up, is broken vai1 pēkoskaw vii wēskewat is useful in that way, good for that goes to pieces, breaks up, is broken vii pēkoskaw vii enāpatt is, there is a good road goes to pieces, is in pieces vii nēhshkaw vii menīpaniw it's a good thing, it's lucky, fortunately, by lucky chance part khkemen
97 looks good, pretty vii menīnākwat gorge (V) smells good vai1 wīhkemyakosew stuffs, gorges him, her, itself vai2 pēhkaskenansow smells good vii wīhkemyakwat swells at the belly after gorging vai1 pāhsenikew tastes bland, insipid, unseasoned; tastes good vai1 government anhnepokosew president; government na mc-okēmāw tastes good vii wēhkan grab thank you for doing it, thank you for offering to do it, it fumbles, misses him, her, it as he or she grabs vta is good, it would be good, one is glad of it, one would panēponw gladly do it part wwēpac fumbles, misses it as he or she grabs vti2 panēpotaw that is the one, it is that (inanimate); there it is, it is gets, gets hold of, catches, grabs him, her, it vta there; it is then; that's it, good, all right; enough pro tpenw eneq gets, gets hold of, catches, grabs it vti1 tpenam well, thoroughly, properly, correctly, right, good part grabs, takes him, her, it, picks him, her, it up; adopts, pc accepts him, her, it vta otāhpenw good at grabs, takes it, picks it up; adopts, accepts it vti1 is good at some action, work vai1 nhēqtaw otāhpenam is skillful, good at it vai1 nhēwesew jerks him, her, it back; grabs it from him or her quickly, is skillful, is good at it vti1 nhiahkam jerks it from him or her vta nhkīponw good for jerks it back; grabs it from him or her quickly, jerks it is useful in that way, good for that vai1 enāpatsew from him or her vti2 nhkīpotaw goodbye gradually greets him or her, bids him or her goodbye, shakes gradually part wtāc hands with him or her vta anāmhkaww grain hello, goodbye part pōsōh corn (plant, ear, grain) na wāpemen good-looking has grains inside vai1 pēhcemenaksew is good-looking, pretty vai1 onsew has grains inside vii pēhcemenakat is good-looking, pretty vii ont rice, oats, wheat, grain; wild rice ni manōmh goose seed, grain ni asēwatakan brant, large wild goose na aphsahkyah grandchild goose, wild goose na mhkāk my grandchild dna nōhsehsh swan; large wild goose na wāpesiw my great-grandchild dna nekūpacekan gooseberry my great-grandchild dna netānhkow-nōhsehsh gooseberry na kāwemen grandfather gopher grandfather na omhsomhsemaw small woodchuck; gopher na akuahkōhsh my grandfather dna nemhsoh gore spirit in the shape of an old man dna kemhsomen gores, stabs, pricks him, her, it vta pacēskahw grandmother gores, stabs, pricks it vti1 pacēskaham grandmother, his or her grandmother na repeatedly gores him, her, it vta pahpāceskahw owōhkomhsemaw tool for goring, pricking; fork ni pacēskahekan my grandmother dna nōhkomh our grandmother Earth dna kōhkomhsahkamekonaw
98 grape gray squirrel grape juice, wine ni sōmenapoh gray squirrel na mqsenāwanik grape, raisin ni sōmen graze grapefruit juice acts, moves there; grazes there vai1 tasēqtaw citrus juice (for example, lemonade, orange juice, grease (N) grapefruit juice) ni asktmenapoh oil, fat, grease, lard, salt pork; gas, motor oil ni pemēh graphic art grease (V) graphic arts building ni asāqcekasowikamek greases him, her, it (a stick or other solid thing) vta grapple pemīwāhkwahw grapples with him, her, it; fights back at him, her, it vta greases it (a stick or other solid thing) vti1 nanāhkonw pemīwāhkwaham grass greases it vta pemēwenw blade of grass, wisp of hay ni asēkan greases it vti1 pemēwenam blue-eyed grass, snake-grass, plantain-leaved sedge ni oils, greases it as metal vta pemēwāphknw kenūpikwas oils, greases it as metal vti1 pemēwāphknam blue-eyed grass ni asēkanēhsh-kenūpikwas oils, greases it vta pemēwahw gets lost in the grass vai7 wanāskehsen oils, greases it vti1 pemēwaham gets lost in the grass vii wanāskehnn greasy grassy place ni mēqnaskhsehkiw gets him or herself greasy vai2 pemēwehsow lies covered with grass, overgrown by weeds vai7 gets him, her, it greasy vta pemēwehw kepuaskehsen gets it greasy vti2 pemēwehtaw lies covered with grass, overgrown by weeds vii gets things greasy vai1 pemēwehcekw kepuaskehnn is greasy vai1 pemēwew marsh grass, marsh hay ni anāmas is greasy vii pemēwew winter grass ni pepōnaskon is oily, greasy liquid vii pemīwākamiw grass snake great grass snake na askēpak-kenūpik big, great pren kqc- grasshopper does great things vai1 ennīqtaw grasshopper na kākuahnw in great shape, splendid part nanāh-pakāc gratification Great Spirit gives him or her great gratification; gives him, her, it God, Great Spirit na mc-awtok what he, she, it really wants vta wīhkawanāmihw great-grandchild gratify my great-grandchild dna nekūpacekan is highly gratified, gets what he, she, it much desires my great-grandchild dna netānhkow-nōhsehsh vai1 wēhkawanāmesew my great-grandchild na netānhkopecekan grave (N) my great-grandchild na netānhkow-nōhsehseh grave ni cīpayikamek great-grandfather graveyard my great grandfather phrase āth nemhsoh cemetary, graveyard ni mīnhkhkan greatly gravy greatly, much, intensely part kqc gravy ni pahkīsekanāpoh really, very, greatly, much, intensely, hard prev kqc-
99 greedy grope acts excessively or crazily, overdoes it, is greedy vai1 finds him, her, it by groping vta mīhkocinw wanēnw finds it by groping vti1 mīhkocinam glutton, greedy person na askāqnem gropes around trying to get hold of him, her, it vta is gluttonous, greedy vai1 askāqnemowew nanāqtocinw green gropes around trying to get hold of it vti1 nanāqtocinam green pren askēpak- gropes for him, her, it in vain vta kīnocinw is green vai5 askēpaken gropes for it in vain vti1 kīnocinam is green vii askīpakiw ground is painted green vai2 askēpakehosow clean place, clean ground ni pēnahkamekat is painted green vii askēpakehotw close to the ground; below; far down; underground ni Green Bay cīkahkyah Green Bay (WI) place name Pūcīhkit earth, land, ground ni ahkēw greet is a clean place, clean ground vii pēnahkamekat greet each other, say farewell to each other, shake hands moist ground ni otākāmhkat vai2 anāmhkatowak on a hill, on top of the ground ni wahkītāhkyah greets him or her, bids him or her goodbye, shakes on earth, land, ground ni ahkīheh hands with him or her vta anāmhkaww underneath, underground ni anāmahkyah grieve at group is sad, grieves at it vti1 kasknehtam all together, the whole group part māwac grill all together, the whole group prev māwac- roasting frame, grill ni apuacekan five groups, sets, pairs, nations part niananiwān grind (V) four groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīwīwān does his or her grinding, plowing vai2 pēqsepotaqsow one group, set, pair, nation; one pair at poker part grinding machine, grinder na sākan nekūtīwān grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vta six groups, sets, pairs, nations part nekūtuasetāhniwan pēqseponw so many groups, sets, pairs, nations part tahnīwān grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vti2 ten sets, groups, pairs part metātahniwān pēqsepotāw three groups, sets, pairs, nations part nqniwān grinds things up vai1 pēqsepocekw two groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīsīwān grinds, crushes him, her, it to a powder vta sīw works, is affiliated with a group vai1 wētāhkosew grinds, crushes it to a powder vti1 sam grove is ground up fine vii pēqsepotw cedar grove, cedar swamp ni kēshkīhkiw slices it fine, grinds it vti1 pēqsesam poplar grove na asātīhsehkiw grind up grow is ground up fine vai2 pēqseposow causes it to grow, raises it (plants) vta pīcekehw gritty causes it to grow, raises it vti2 pīcekēhtaw is gritty liquid vii pīkākamiw grows blocked or shut; closes by natural growth (for groan example, a wound) vii kepēken groans vai2 mamiatōw grows fast vai1 wwēpekew grows fast vii wwēpekn
100 grows high, tall vai1 espēkew is, grows nicely rounded vii menūcīken grows high, tall vii espēken rears him, her, it, makes him, her, it grow vta grows long, tall vai1 kenīkew pemēkehw grows long, tall vii kenīken rears it, makes it grow vti2 pemēkehtaw grows out, grows up through the soil vai1 sākekew seed, something growing ni pīcekhken grows out, grows up through the soil vii sākekn growth grows out, grows vai1 pīcekew is dense, bushy growth vii sasākīw grows out, grows vii pīcekn grudge grows out vii pīcekawew bear each other a grudge vai2 ketēskenēhtowak grows poorly vai1 māskekew guard (N) grows poorly vii māskekn guard, watcher, overseer na kanāpahcekw grows pushing through the ground (e.g. a wheat plant) stands guard vai1 nōteskw vai1 kāhcekew guard (V) grows pushing through the ground vii kāhcekn guards him, her, it vta nōceskanw grows slowly vai1 pcekew guards it vti1 nōceskatam grows slowly vii pcekn guards or tends him, her, it by staying in the house or camp grows so high vai1 enspekew vta nūtikanw guards or tends it by staying in the house or camp; stays grows so high vii enspekn in it (a house or camp), watches or tends his or her grows well, does well; is a good person, creature, thing house for him or her during his or her absence, guards vai1 menīkew or tends it (for example, a house) vti1 nūtikatam grows well, does well; is a good thing; is a good place or guards, watches vai1 kanāpahcekw opportunity vii menīken is watched, guarded vai2 kanāpahcekāsow grows well, does well vii menīkemakat is watched, guarded vii kanāpahcekātw grows wrong, is wrongly made, shaped vai1 kēwācekew watch, guard each other vai2 kanāpahtowak grows wrong, is wrongly made, shaped vii kēwācekn watches, guards him, her, it vta kanāpamw grows, develops so; is shaped, constituted so; fares so watches, guards it vai1 esēkew vti1 kanāpahtam grows, grows up vai1 pemēkew guess at a guess, at random, on the off chance, not knowing grows, grows up vii pemēken part pakuanaw grows, is by nature useful vii mīhkikn guest grows, is flat, low, short vii tapāhsekn invited guest na nānāw grows, is shaped or constituted so, develops or fares so vii esēken guidance guidance room phrase pemnwikamek grows, is straight vii meyāwekn pīhtawīhkenekan grows vai1 mācīkew guide (V) grows vii mācīken attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses him, her, it vta is in bad shape, goes bad, gets or is in a bad situation; pemnw grows poorly vai1 macēkew attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses it vti1 is in bad shape, goes bad, gets or is in a bad situation; pemnam grows poorly vii macēken attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses someone, people is, grows nicely rounded vai1 menūcīkew
101 vai1 pemneww conductor, guide; nurse na pemneww conducts, guides, leads, conveys him, her, it, takes him, her, it along, on, past vta pemianw conducts, guides, leads, conveys it, takes it along, on, H past vti2 pemiatāw straightens him, her, it out by hand, guides or corrects
him, her, it vta meyāwenw habitually straightens it out by hand, guides or corrects it vti1 always, used to, habitually prev kew- meyāwenam hail (V) gull hails (V) vii mesēkahnt gull na kayāh hails, is hailing vii mesēkahnan gum hair gum (of a tree), rosin, pitch na pekēw arranges his or her hair in a coiffure vai1 tamarack gum phrase mūnepyanaweh-pekēw nanāhawnekw gun arranges it (hair) in a coiffure, in a knot; arranges his or explosive; dynamite, gun-cap, firecracker ni pīhkesekan her hair vti1 nanāhawnam gun ni pāskecisekan beard, short hairs on the chin ni mēqneton gun-cap ni pīhkesekhsh combs his or her hair vai2 sāwhamasow shoots him, her, it with a gun vta pāskecisīw cuts his or her hair; gets his or her hair cut vai2 mōhsow shoots it with a gun vti1 pāskecisam cuts his or her hair vta mūhsiw unloaded gun ni mōsāph facial hair; whiskers, beard, mustache na mēqnetonākan gunky has black hair vai2 apēsāneckow has gunky eyes vai1 māmenēqkow has fur on its head; has just a little hair on his or her gunpowder head, has fuzzy hair, has a very short haircut vai1 coal, charcoal, gunpowder, powder ni mahkāhsiw mēqsethpw gust has long hair vai1 kakānuaneckow comes (a gust of wind) vii pakāmqnn has long hair vai1 kenuanhkow guts has much hair (on his or her head) vai1 wēnqsew my guts, my entrails dni nenākes has red hair, is a redhead vai2 mhkuaneckow sausage, baloney; a piece of an animal's gut; his entrail human hair ni mēnq ni onākes is white-haired vai2 wāpeckow gym my (single) hair (on or from the head) dni nēnq gym (building) ni mianāceqtawikamek pulls his or her hair vta sakāthkinw gym ni mianacēqtaw pīhtawīhkenekan puts up, fixes, braids his or her (own) hair; swings it in place vti2 onāhotaw white hair ni wāpeckon hairbrush hairbrush ni sāwhekan hairy is hairy on his face vai2 mēqseqkow
102 is hairy on his, her, its body vai5 mēqsen has dirty, daubed-up hands vai1 pepkenhciw is hairy on his, her, its legs vai1 mēqsekatw has large hands vai1 mahkenhciw is hairy on, under his or her arms vai1 mēqsenhkiw has scars, scabs on his or her hands vai1 half omkenhciw part āphtaw is asleep (his or her hand) vai1 sāqsahkenhciw both, both of them; at both sides, both halves part nayīs lacks a finger, hand vai1 kēskenhciw half a filling, half a cupful, half full part āphtōsken moves something so; makes signs by hand vai1 half pren āphtaw- ennekw half prev āphtaw- my hand, arm dni nenh has only one side, only half of him, her, it is left vai1 my left hand, my left side ni nenmahcyan ēsekanekew my right hand, my right side ni netnenyan has only one side; only half of it is left vii ēsekanekn opens his or her hand, fist vai1 pāhkenhcīqtaw one of two similar sides; on one side; one half ni ēsekan puts his or her hand or finger inside him, her, it vta halfway sesēkonw halfway across a space part ayāphtawakam puts his or her hand or finger inside it vti1 sesēkonam halt rolls him, her, it in his or her hand, between his or her comes to a halt, stops going vai1 nakāskaw palms vta tetpenw comes to a halt, stops going vii nakāskaw rolls it in his or her hand, between his or her palms vti1 tetpenam stops him, her or itself, calls a halt to his, her, its own action vai1 pesōsew seizes, holds him or her by the hand; shakes hands with him or her vta sakēnhcinw halter halter, bridle ni nāpekwakan someone's hand, arm; inch ni menh uses both hands vai1 nīsinhcīqtaw hammer (N) hammer ni pakāhcekan uses his or her hands on it vti1 onhciham sledgehammer, maul ni mc-pakāhcekan uses his or her hands on something (for example, in eating) vai1 onhcihekw small hammer ni pakāhcekhsh washes his or her armpits; washes his or her hands vai1 hammer (V) kesēqnenhkiw knocks, hammers it straight vta meyāwakanāmw washes his or her hands vai1 kesēqnenhciw knocks, hammers it straight vti1 meyāwakanāhtam hand (V) hand hands him, her, it here vta pītenw on the other side, symmetrically; on the other hand part hands him, her, it through an opening nāpān vta pōhpenw hands it (especially food) through an opening vti1 hand (in playing cards) pōhpenam way of holding; kind of hand at cards ni encīnaqswan hands it here vti1 pītenam hand (N) hands it to him, her, it vta pītenamoww cuts off his or her finger, hand vta kēskenhcihw hands it to him, her vta ensenamoww cuts off his or her own finger, hand vai2 kēskenhcihosow handful feels for, tries to get his or her hand on him, her, it vta picks up a handful of it vta ahscīnw natōnw picks up a handful of it vti1 ahscīnam feels for, tries to get his or her hand on it vti1 natōnam
103 handle (N) has it handy, has it as a handy thing vti1 wnenam fails, cannot manage to lift or handle him, her, it vta is ready, in position, handy vai1 wnōskapew puanw is ready, in position, handy vii wnōskaqtw handle, axe handle ni osētāh hang handle, doorknob ni saknekan falls, flies here, towards here; hangs in this direction hoe handle ni mūnahāskipwanāhtek vai7 pītakocen is on a handle; has a handle vii nāpāhkihnn falls, flies here, towards here; hangs in this direction vii knob, handle for turning; faucet; doorknob ni pīmenekan pītakotw handle (V) hangs high; is set high vai7 espākocen deals carefully with him, her, it, handles him, her, it; hangs high; is set high vii espākotw respects him, her, it vta koqsehw hangs it to cover an opening vta kepākonw deals carefully with it, handles it carefully or sparingly; hangs it to cover an opening vti2 kepākotaw respects it vti2 koqsēhtaw hangs new (the moon) vai7 oskākocen fails, cannot manage to lift or handle it vti1 puanam hangs, is suspended vai7 akōcen folds it up; uselessly handles him, her, it vta hangs, is suspended vii akōtw ksepnw is attached, is hanging on something; is sewn double folds it up; uselessly handles it vti1 ksepnam vai1 sakēqtaw handles him, her, it roughly vta māqmakonw is attached, is hanging on something; is sewn double vii handles it roughly vti1 māqmakonam sakēqtaw handles it well, without difficulty vti1 menōnam it flaps or hangs split; is split-tailed (a coat) vii handles, moves him, her, it properly vta pckenw pāpaqsqnen handles, moves it properly vti1 pckenam stays close; hangs back, holds back vai2 kqciahkasow hurts him, her, it by touching, handling the sore place hang over vta kētenw leans, hangs over the top of something vai7 hurts it by touching, handling the sore place vti1 pahkētakocen kētenam hang up is easy to handle, get, do; is cheap vii wnehpanat hangs him, her, it up vta akōnw is easy to handle, to get; is cheap vai1 wnehpansew hangs it up for him or her vta akūtuww pulls him, her it this way and that, handles him, her, it hangs it up vti2 akōtāw roughly vta anōceponw hangs something up for him or herself vai2 akūtuasow pulls it this way and that, handles it roughly vti2 hangs things up vai1 akōcekw anōcepotāw happen touches, handles, takes him, her, it, picks him, her, it up and, sure enough (as the story goes) it then happened; by mistake vta pqtnw then, in due time, goes the story, it happened phrase touches, handles, takes it, picks it up by mistake vti1 pāhpes kah wen pqtnam develops, happens, is that way; are like that (things) vii handsome esēkemakat is handsome vai1 mēhkawatsew happy handy is happy having gotten what he, she, it needs, desires has him, her, it handy, has him, her, it as a handy vai1 mīhkinaww person, creature, thing vta wnenw makes him, her, it happy by giving him, her, it what he,
104 she, it needs, desires vta mīhkinawhw akuahpecekw hard harrow (N) hard, dry bread; toast; lean, bony person na maskāhsow harrow (farm equipment) ni pēqsatahekan hardwood ni ennāhtek harrow, drag ni penhkwanahekan is difficult, troublesome, high-priced, hard to get; is in a harrow (V) difficult plight vai2 sanākesew harrows it vti1 penhkwanaham is dry, hard, brittle vai2 maskāhsow harrows something vai1 penhkwanahekw is dry, hard, brittle vii maskāhtw harvest is frozen hard (the ground) vii pākatāhkamekat digs things up; harvests; farms vai1 mōnahekw is tough, hard, strong, stiff vai5 maskāwen hash is tough, hard, strong, stiff vii maskāwīw chopped stuff; chopped meat, hash ni pēqsahekan lets it cool to hardness vta pākacēhsemw haste lets it cool to hardness vti2 pākacēhnetaw throws things together in haste, hurriedly gets ready really, very, greatly, much, intensely, hard prev kqc- vai1 pahpīseqtaw hard of hearing hat is deaf, hard of hearing vai1 kakīphtw has (something as) a hat, wears a hat vai1 owiahkwanew harden hardens, stiffens things; starches things vai1 hat, cap ni wiahkwan maskāwehcekw hatch (V) hardens, stiffens, starches it vta maskāwehw breaks his, her, its shell, hatches out vai1 pīhkawqtaw hardens, stiffens, starches it vti2 maskāwehtaw hatchet hardens; curdles vii maskāwehnn hatchet ni ennāphkōhsh is hardened, stiffened; starched vai2 maskāwehcekāsow hate (V) is hardened, stiffened; starched vii maskāwehcekātw acts unwillingly, is unwilling; hates doing what he or she does vai2 sākīnemow hardware hates him, her, it vta sēhkanw hardware store ni ahkhkohkwikamek hates it vti1 sēhkatam harm (N) thinks of him, her, it in that way; wishes so for him, her, hates to think of him, her, it vta tāqtakatnemw it; bestows such favor, harm on him, her, it vta hates to think of it, of doing it vti1 tāqtakatnehtam ennemw is hated vai2 sēhkacekāsow harm (V) haughty harms him, her, it; overcomes him, her, it vta walks fancy, haughty, has a big head vai1 mēsātohnw nenāwācehw haul harms it; overcomes it vti2 nenāwācehtaw drags, hauls him, her, it; conveys him, her, it in a wagon harms, overcomes people vai1 nenāwāceheww or sleigh vta otācemw harness (N) drags, hauls him, her, it vta īwanw packstrap, harness ni apēhkan drags, hauls it; conveys it in a wagon or sleigh vti2 harness (V) otācehtaw ties him, her, it tight, ties something tight to him, her, it; drags, hauls it vti2 īwataw harnesses, hitches him, her, it up vta akuahpenw drags, hauls, carts him, her, it here, towards here vta ties things tight; harnesses, hitches up vai1 pīcetacemw
105 drags, hauls, carts it here, towards here vti2 marsh grass, marsh hay ni anāmas pīcetacehtaw hazelnut have small nut (for example, acorn, walnut, butternut, beech has much of it, many of them vta mānanw nut, hazelnut) na pakānēhsh has much of it, many of them vti2 mānataw he has something, has it in some fixed place, places he, she, it is the one, it is he, she, it pro wenq something, puts it down; lays it (an egg) vti2 aqtaw he, she, it pro wenah has, maintains, keeps, owns it, has it on hand vta tanw head has, maintains, keeps, owns it; has it on hand vti1 tanām has a dirty head vai1 wēnethpw he or she has him, her, it, places, puts him, her, it, has has a head; is head-like, headed vai1 owēnēwew him, her, it in some fixed place, has him, her, it at his, has fur on its head; has just a little hair on his or her her, its disposal vta aqnw head, has fuzzy hair, has a very short haircut vai1 is had, placed, put in a place vai2 aqcekāsow mēqsethpw is had, placed, put in a place vii aqcekātw has scars, scabs on his, her, its head vai1 makes, has much of it, many of them vta mānhw omkethpw makes, has much of it, many of them vti2 mānhtaw head-dirt, combings, dandruff ni wīnahkwan sets it down for him, her, it; lets him, her, it have it; his or her head; an animal's head (for example, at the sends it to him or her by mail vta pakētenamoww butcher's) dni wēs have on is bare-headed vai1 moqcethpw has something on, close to his, her, its body; is itches (his, her, its head) vai1 kākāskethpw provided, equipped with something vai1 keksew my head dni nēs have on hand shakes his, her, its head vai1 ciahkhkīqtaw has, maintains, keeps, owns it, has it on hand vta tanw stands in front, at the head, at the prow vai1 has, maintains, keeps, owns it; has it on hand vti1 tanām menqtamekāpowew have room head (V) has room enough, fits in, can get in vai1 tpaskenw heads back to it vti1 waskiaqtam have under control head ornament has him, her, it under complete control vta puts on, wears a head ornament vai1 cēpatakw kakīcpenanw headache hawk has a headache; is dizzy vai2 twhkow big hawk na mēqsenekhkh headband bird-hawk na kesēwatōhsh headband; scarf worn on the head ni fishhawk, osprey na pēnekekonw wāweyakathphpisan frog-hawk na wāwāpēqtaw headgear hawk na khkh my braid, my bun; my headgear dni neskepan pigeon hawk, merlin na pakāhcekw headpiece winter hawk na pepōnqnw headpiece, upright ornament or feather worn on head, roach (pow-wow regalia) na/ni cēpatakan hay blade of grass, wisp of hay ni asēkan heal hayseed ni asēkan-asēwatakan cures, heals, relieves him, her, it; makes him, her, it well; relieves him, her, it of want vta ennīhw makes hay vai1 asēkanhkw
106 healer heart (suit in playing cards) healer, doctor na nanātawēhcekw heart na keyōn healthy two of hearts na keyōn-nīswasāqsow is healthy, strong, resistant to illness vai1 maskāwesew heartburn heap has heartburn, is nauseated vai1 macēthw lies assembled, heaped up vai7 māwatīhsen hearth lies assembled, heaped up vii māwatīhnen outdoor cooking place, outdoor hearth ni hear akuatahkhkwan at hearing distance in the woods ni sāpīwhekaneh heat (N) fails to hear him, her, it (animate), especially at a is heated as liquid vii kesiaskopīqtw distance vta nōnhtaww is heated as stone or metal vii kesiaphketw fails to hear it, especially at a distance vti1 nōnhtam heat (V) hears him, her, it here and there vta papāmhtaww heats it as metal or stone vta kesiaphkesīw hears him, her, it so; imitates him, her, it vta heats it as metal or stone vti1 kesiaphkesam enhtaww is heated as stone or metal vai2 kesiaphkesow hears him, her, it with pity; gives hearing to his or her heater prayer vta sawnohtaww heater; pot for steaming ni kesēsekan hears him, her, it with pleasure vta onhtaww heater ni awāsuakan hears him, her, it vta nōhtaww heaven hears it being said; is eager to hear it vti1 pāpemhtam sky, heaven ni kēsek hears it here and there vti1 papāmhtam heavy hears it so; imitates it vti1 enhtam cannot manage his or her pack, his or her load is too hears it with pity vti1 sawnohtam heavy for him or her vai1 puawanw hears it with pleasure vti1 onhtam is fat, heavy vai1 onākiw hears it vti1 nōhtam is fat, heavy vai2 onākow is heard, brought up, mentioned vai1 nōhtakosew is heavy vai5 koskwan is heard vai1 phtākansew is heavy vii koskwan is heard vii nūhtakwat weighs so much, is so heavy; is so expensive vai1 is not reached by the sound of him, her, it, fails to hear ahpēhtenekosew him, her, it vta nāwhtaww weighs so much, is so heavy; is so expensive vii is not reached by the sound of it, fails to hear it vti1 ahpīhtenekwat nāwhtam heed it can be heard; the sound reaches one vii pītīww listens to, heeds, obeys him, her, it vta phtāww tries to hear, listens for it, listens for the sound of it vti1 listens to, heeds, obeys it vti1 phtām natōhtam listens, heeds vai1 phtāwsew tries to hear, listens for the sound of him, her, it vta hell natōhtaww in hell, to hell ni macēq-eskūtiah heart hell-diver his or her heart, a (non-human) heart dni oth diver duck, hell-diver na sekēmh my heart dni neth hello hello, goodbye part pōsōh
107 help (N) medicine, herb; clinic na maskīhkiw help ni nātamaswan mixes in herbs vai1 kūnwahāskecekw help (V) mixes it with other herbs vta kūnwahāskenw help each other vai2 nātamatowak mixes it with other herbs vti1 kūnwahāsketam helps him or her along by hand; tends, nurses him, her, here it vta kāqtenw at this distance, up to this point here, over here part helps him, her, it vta nātamoww omn-peh helps him, her, itself vai1 nātamowesew at this distance, up to this point here part omhpeh helps him, her, itself vai2 nātamasow here and again there idiom omas nāh-omas helps it vti1 nātamatam here is part q helps someone, people vai2 nātamowekow here it is, it is here, over here pro omq is helped by higher powers vai1 wētōhkawwsew here, over here, this way pro omas pities him, her, it; blesses him, her, it; helps, comforts here, visible part ēh him, her, it vta sawnemw here pro yōs pities it; blesses it; helps, comforts it vti1 sawnehtam moves here, towards here vai1 pīshkaw help out over in this direction, over here, this way part worries, fusses over him, her, it; helps him, her, it out; omanakah holds a ceremony over him or her (deceased person) vta right here pro ēh-yōs wasēnawanw right over here pro ēh-omas helper these here (animate) pro ēh-akoh helper na nātamowekow these here are the ones, it is these here (inanimate) pro hem (V) ēh-anoq hems it vta tethkwanw this here (animate) pro ēh-ayom hems it vti1 tethkwatam this here (inanimate) pro ēh-yōm hemlock this here is the one, these here are the ones, it is this, hemlock woods, hemlock swamp ni these here (obviative) pro ēh-anoq miasekakawīhsehkiw this is the one, it is this (inanimate); here it is, it is here hemlock na miasekakaweh pro yōq hemorrhage hero has a hemorrhage vai7 sīkanīhsen great warrior, brave warrior, hero na nnawēhtaw hemp heron spreading dogbane; hemp, cord made of the fiber of heron na sāqsakw spreading dogbane na sqnap shagpoke, green heron na wāpekīsuqnyah hen hesitant chicken, hen, rooster na pākaqāhkwan moves, acts, works in a fumbling, hesitant way vai1 herald (V) tatātekīqtaw announces, heralds vai1 saqnaww hiccup (V) herb hiccups vai1 onuaww female doctor; medicine woman, herb woman na person who hiccups na onuaww maskīhkīwenniahkiw hickory ingredient in a mixture of herbs ni kūnwahāskecekan hickory tree na nanāckoh
108 hickory na nānāckoh at the foot of the hill ni cīkatāhkyah hide (N) hill for planting corn, potatoes na phkuahekan cowhide na peshkiwakom hill, elevated place in the land, highland ni wahkītāhkiw horsehide na psekokasiwakom hill, high place in the land ni espāhkiw horsehide na psekokasiw-aphsosokom hill, mountain ni wacēw hide (V) is a high place in the land; there is a hill vii espāhkiwew dodges, ducks, hides behind something, defends him or on a hill, on top of the ground ni wahkītāhkyah herself, covers him or herself from getting hit vai2 ridge of land, long hill ni ohsīyāhkiw tapāsow small hill ni phkuahkiw hides from him, her, it vta kiasōhw up on an elevation in the land, up on a hill ni nīmāhkyah hides him, her, it vta kianw hillside hides him, her, itself vai2 kianesow on slanting ground, on the hillside part īqsawyāhkyah hides it vti2 kiatāw hip hides, is hidden vai2 kiasow my hip dni nenōkan hides, is hidden vii kiatw hit high chops, hits him, her, it by accident vta pqtahw grows high, tall vai1 espēkew chops, hits it by accident vti1 pqtaham grows high, tall vii espēken has been hit, is wounded vai2 meshkosow grows so high vai1 enspekew hit, beat each other vai2 pakāhtowak hangs high; is set high vai7 espākocen hits him, her, it (animate) with his or her fist vta is a high place in the land; there is a hill vii espāhkiwew phkuahkinhcīqtaww is placed, sits so high vai1 enspapew hits him, her, it with a missile vta mesāhw is so high vai5 enspekn hits something, beats things; strikes (lightning); comes high and dry (thunder) vai1 pakāhcekw sits high and dry; is entirely without funds, has no hits, strikes people vai2 pakāhkow money vai1 payhkwapew hits, strikes, beats, threshes him, her, it vta pakāmw higher powers hits, strikes, beats, threshes it vti1 pakāhtam blessing by the higher powers, state of being blessed ni strikes, hits him, her, it by accident vta pqtakanamw sawnemekōwesewen strikes, hits it by mistake vti1 pqtakanāhtam is helped by higher powers vai1 wētōhkawwsew hitch is pitied, blessed, given good fortune by the higher ties him, her, it tight, ties something tight to him, her, it; powers vai1 sawnemekōwesew harnesses, hitches him, her, it up vta akuahpenw is well looked upon by higher powers, is fortunate, has a ties things tight; harnesses, hitches up vai1 good time of it vai1 menuapamwsew akuahpecekw high-priced hoarse is difficult, troublesome, high-priced, hard to get; is in a is hoarse vai1 kepēqnesew difficult plight vai2 sanākesew hoe (N) is difficult, troublesome, high-priced, hard to get vii hoe handle ni mūnahāskipwanāhtek sanākat hoe, plow ni mūnahāskipwan hill hoe ni paskuahkihekan at the far side of the hill, over the hill ni āsawāhkyah
109 hoe (V) herself vta aqsetnw loosens the soil; hoes, cultivates vai2 paskuahahkow places, holds it close to something, to him or herself vti1 hoist aqsetnam hoist, well, pump ni otāhpapinekan seizes, holds him or her by the hand; shakes hands with hold (N) him or her vta sakēnhcinw gets a tight hold on him, her, it (in wrestling or fighting) stands having, holding something vai1 kekēkāpowew vta mamīcpenw stays close; hangs back, holds back vai2 kqciahkasow hold (V) way of holding; kind of hand at cards ni encīnaqswan holds fast to something solid; holds on vai1 sakāhkiqtaw hold down holds four of a kind at poker vai2 nīwocinaqsow holds it down in place, tight by means of a tool vta holds him, her, it in his or her hands and rubs him, her, mecīmwahw it vta kēpotcīnw holds it down in place, tight by means of a tool vti1 holds him, her, it tight by a string or line; drives it with mecīmwaham reins, she or she drives it (a car) vta sakāpīnw hold hands holds him, her, it tight, down in place vta mecēmonw hold hands vai1 oskīnenhcewak holds him, her, it tight vta pakāskāhkonw hold out holds him, her, it up high vta nīmenw holds him, her, it (animate) out in his or her hand vta holds him, her, it with his or her hand, seizes or holds sākenw him, her, it tight; arrests him or her; sues him or her vta holds it out in his or her hand vti1 sākenam tahkōnw hole holds it enclosed in his or her hand vti1 kepūcīnam bites, gnaws, eats a hole in it vta tawāmw holds it in front of him or her vti1 menqtamnam bites, gnaws, eats a hole in it vti1 tawāhtam holds it in his or her hands and rubs it vti1 kēpotcīnam chops a hole through the ice vti1 tuaham holds it tight by a string or line vti1 sakāpīnam cuts a hole in it vta tawsīw holds it tight, down in place vti1 mecēmonam cuts a hole in it vti1 tawsam holds it tight vti1 pakāskāhkonam cuts holes through it vta tahtāwesiw holds it up high vti1 nīmenam cuts holes through it vti1 tahtāwesam holds it well in hand vti1 menūcīnam cuts, whittles a hole in it vta tawhkonw holds it with his or her hand, seizes, holds it tight vti1 cuts, whittles a hole in it vti1 tawhkotam tahkōnam digs a hole, pit vai1 wānhkw holds on firmly to a solid thing vai1 tatākāhkiqtaw digs a hole vai1 tawānhkw holds only one suit (at cards) vai1 āhpenekew falls, sinks through a hole vai7 pōhphsen holds, carries him, her, it in his or her mouth vta gets or has a hole through it vii pōhpskaw nīmamw gets, has a hole in him, her, it vai2 tawāhokow holds, carries it in his or her mouth vti1 nīmahtam gets, has a hole in it, is worn through vai1 tawskaw holds, seizes him, her, it, holds him, her, it tight, holds gets, has a hole in it, is worn through vii tawskaw tight to him, her, it vta saknw gets, has a hole through him, her, it vai1 pōhpskaw holds, seizes it, holds it tight, holds tight to it vti1 goes into a rut or hole (a wheel) vai1 saknam wānāmhkskaw is held tight, trapped vai2 mecīmwahokow hole, pit ni wānhkan places, holds him, her, it close to something, to him or hole, puncture ni tawēken
110 is perforated, has holes through it vai5 tahtāwekn āhpenekn is perforated, has holes through it vii tahtāwekn honey is punched through, has a hole vai7 tawēhsen honey ni āmōw-sēwākametw is punched through, has a hole vii tawēhnen honey ni āmōw-sōpomah makes a hole in it by tool vta tawāhw honeybee makes a hole in it by tool vti1 tawāham honeybee na sōpomah-āmōw makes it with a hole, leaves a hole in it vta tawēhw honeybee na sōpomāhkow-āmōw makes it with a hole, leaves a hole in it vti2 tawēhtaw honeycombed pulls, scratches, claws a hole in it vta tawēponw is perforated, honeycombed; consists of several rooms (a pulls, scratches, claws a hole in it vti2 tawēpotaw house) vii sīqsepikn punches it through; wears a hole in it vta tawēhsemw is perforated, honeycombed vai1 sīqsepikew punches it through; wears a hole in it vti2 tawēhnetaw honeysuckle bush honeysuckle sinks through the snow leaving a hole vai7 ni wsāwaskwakamik pōhpakonhsen hoof smoke hole in roof of wigwam ni khtnikamek my fingernail, toenail, hoof, claw dna neskās speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vai2 hook (N) pēhcepesow fishhook ni kohkān speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vii hook ni kockuan pēhcepetw hook (V) tears, scratches a hole in it vta tawnw hooks him, her, it; gets him or her into a card game vta tears, scratches a hole in it vti1 tawnam kockuanw there is a hole in the ground vii tawāmhkat hooks it vti2 kockuataw holler hop gives out a vocal noise; cries out, hollers, yells vai2 jumps, hops vai1 kuahnw kāketow runs differently, runs funny, runs without care, skips, hops, jumps vai4 matāpipahtaw hollow out hollows it out vta wēhpahw hope (N) hollows it out vti1 wēhpaham gives away his, her, its thought, intent; gives up hope vai2 pannemow holy Holy Scripture ni anāmehw-asāqcekan has hope, places reliance vai2 ahpnemow picture; holy picture na masēnhcekan has hope vai1 pakīhsenēhcekw places hope in him, her, it vta pakīhsenemw home at his or her home ni otāhtansiahkaneh places hope in it; hopes it vti1 pakīhsenēhtam is in the place, at the point, at home vai1 īw hope (V) may it be, let it be; one hopes, I hope; can it be? part homeless nāqs wanders around, is homeless; is crazy, nuts vai1 kēwenw hopeless is hopeless, desolate, unusable vii kōhpatat homogeneous is the same all over, uniform, homogeneous; holds only looks hopeless, forlorn, unusable vii kūhpacenākwat one suit (at cards) vai1 āhpenekew looks hopeless, utterly forlorn, unusable vai1 is the same all over, uniform, homogeneous vii kōhpacenākosew
111 thinks it desolate, hopeless, unusable; feels desolate, hot dog hopeless, discouraged vti1 kōhpatnehtam small sausage; hot dog, weiner, pork links; a little piece horn of his (or of an animal's) entrail dni onākesēhsh has horns vai1 owēwenew hotel his or her horn (as tool), a horn, antler dni wēwen restaurant; boarding-house, hotel ni mīcehsowikamek horned pren wēs- hour my horn (used as tool) dni nēwenm measure, mile, yard; time, hour ni tepāhekan my horn dna nēwen house horned owl bark house ni wanākhkikamek horned owl na wēs-mianīw builds a house, houses vai1 wēkewamhkw horned owl na wīs-mianīw builds, prepares a house for him, her, it vta onīkahw horrify builds, prepares a house for it vti2 onīkahtaw is horrified at him, her, it vta pēckeynemw council house ni kīketowikamek is horrified at it vti1 pēckeynehtam dog house ni anm-wēkēhsh horse hospital ni wēqsaksewikamek drives; drives something, drives his or her horse(s) vai2 house, wigwam wēkewam sakāpīnaqsow house, wigwam ni wēkiam horse na psekokasiw in the house, indoors, inside, in a building part pīhtik horsehide na psekokasiwakom is perforated, honeycombed; consists of several rooms (a horsehide na psekokasiw-aphsosokom house) vii sīqsepikn stops his or her horses, vehicle vai2 nakāpīnaqsow little house; bathroom ni wēkeyamēhsh horsefly long-lodge, long-house ni kenōhtem horsefly na mesāsāh move together into a house, dwelling vai2 hose pīhtikothetowak rubber, rubber article; hose ni sīqsepikan moves his or her camp on, moves camp; comes from hospital one house, dwelling, place of residence to another vai1 hospital room ni wēqsaksew pīhtawīhkenekan pemēkosew hospital ni wēqsaksewikamek moves into a house, dwelling vai2 pīhtikothow my camp site; the camp or house abandoned by me ni host host (of invited guests); giver of a feast na nāseww nemāthpih person who is visited, host na esīqtawaw my house dni nēk on the top of the house, on the roof ni wahkītikamek hot hot water ni ksyaskopīqtek outhouse ni mīsīwikamek is hot, bright (the sun); is sunlit vii sahkāqnahtw owns a house vai1 owēkew is hot; has a fever; dries him, her, itself vai2 kesēsow prepares a house, dwelling or camp; pitches a tent, sets up a wigwam, builds a house vai1 onīkw is hot; is hot (weather) vii kesētw restaurant ni mīcehsiwīkamek sizzles; is splashed with something hot vai2 kāqsow tent ni pākeweyānikamek sweats, is hot (from fever) vai2 kepūcīsow there, in place; in someone's house, dwelling part as there is sunshine, shines hot (the sun) vii kesiaqnahtw wooden house, log house ni mqtekikan washes up, washes him, her, itself with hot water; is washed in hot water; fades vai1 kesēqsew woodshed ni mhsīwikamek
112 how three hundred part nqnwak how are you? idiom āneq nāp two hundred part nīsuak how far is it?, at what point is it?; when is it? pro tāq- hunger peh is weak from hunger vai7 pahkēhsen how is he, she, it (animate, inanimate)?, how are you?, hungry how goes it?; where is he, she, it (animate, inanimate)? eats it without relieving his or her hunger, remains pro āneq hungry after eating it vti1 sqnanāhtam how is it? pro tāq-s is hungry vai1 pahkātw how much, many is it? pro tāq-nekoh is intensely hungry for it, waters for it (his or her in such-and-such a way, how, the way how, thus part mouth) vta sēqsatanw s is intensely hungry for it, waters for it (his or her what, how, where, why is it? pro tāq mouth) vti1 sēqsatatam however is intensely hungry, his, her, its mouth waters vai1 and, also; but, however part th sēqsatw however, in contrast, for his, her, its part part wenah is very hungry, starving vai1 nēwahkonw hub (wheel) lacks food, goes hungry vai1 puaweqtaw phrase 's owēnēwet hunt (N) hubbard squash is on the prowl, hunts vai1 natāwēqtaw squash; large squash ni wīnmhkwan hunt (V) hug (V) hunts, gathers insects; picks off potato-bugs; digs worms hugs, embraces him, her, it vta kīskekinw vai1 awtokēhshkw hull (V) hunts, pursues him, her, it vta nōcehw hulls, winnows it (wild rice) vti1 pōskāqtam hunts, pursues it vti2 nōcehtaw hull corn hunts vai1 pahpēsew boils the kernels out of hard-shell corn vai1 lights things up, lights the lamp, turns on the light; hunts kecēhkoneysekw with a light vai1 wāqnenekw hull corn na cēhkoweysekwanak looks for something for him, her, it; hunts for his, her, human its benefit vta natāwēqtaww human being; Indian na mamāceqtaw makes, does it skillfully; gets it; hunts with a jacklight person, human being, living creature na pmāteset vti2 nhēhtaw person, human being na pemātesew torch for hunting, fishing ni wāqswakan human being hunter becomes, is a human being vai1 mamāceqtawew hunter na pahpēsew hummingbird is a good hunter, killer of game vai2 nqtakhkow hummingbird na nqnckah is formidable, terrible; is a good hunter vai1 koqtamekosew hundred five hundred part niananwak hunting four hundred part nīwuak hunting charm, hunting medicine ni nīmaskwan one hundred part nekūtuak hunting ni natāwēqtan six hundred part nekūtuasetāhnwak so many hundred part tahnuak
113 hurl hurts him, her, it with a blow vta wēqsakakanamw hurls, slams it down on something hard vta hurts him, her, it with an instrument vta wēqsakahw pākāhtawhsemw hurts him, her, it with his or her hand vta hurls, slams it down on something hard vti2 wēqsaknw pākāhtawhnetaw hurts him, her, itself in falling, landing vai7 kīhkehsen hurricane hurts it by touching, handling the sore place vti1 there is a severe windstorm, a hurricane vii koqnn kētenam windstorm, hurricane ni koqnn is sick, ill; is in pain, has something that hurts vai1 hurriedly wēqsaksew makes it hurriedly; makes him, her, it hurry, go fast vta hurtle wwēpehw tumbles over, falls hurtling vii wpakotw makes it hurriedly; makes it hurry, go fast vti2 husband wwēpehtaw has (someone as) a wife or husband, is married vai1 hurry (N) wēwew eats it in a hurry vta wwēpamw her husband na onāpiaman eats it in a hurry vti1 wwēpahtam husband, wife; significant other, partner na wayēkemak hurry ni wwēpesewen husband na wayēwet works in a hurry vai1 wāwāskeqtaw man; husband; king (playing card); brave man na hurry (V) enniw hurries him, her, it on by speech vta wwēpemw my fellow old man or woman; my husband, my wife na hurries his, her, its movement, action, work vai1 nēc-keckīw wwēpeqtaw my old man, my husband na nēc-kqc-enniw hurries there, towards there; runs from danger in that husk (N) direction vai1 ensemow boils off its skin, husk vta kecēhkoneysīw hurries, goes fast vai1 wwēpeskaw boils off its skin, husk vti1 kecēhkoneysam is in a hurry, hurries vai1 wwēpesew corn husk ni watpak is in a hurry, is running around vai1 macēnawsew husks, chaff ni wasias makes it hurriedly; makes him, her, it hurry, go fast vta husk (V) wwēpehw does his or her husking, husks corn vai2 makes it hurriedly; makes it hurry, go fast vti2 manāskenāqsow wwēpehtaw gets, is husked (corn) vai2 peskahekāsow hurt (N) husks corn vai2 peskahāqsow falls with hurt, damage vai7 patāhkehsen husks it (corn) vta peskahw hurt (V) husks it (Indian corn) vta manāskenw falls with hurt or damage vii patāhkehnn hut hurts him or herself by accident vai2 pqcehsow builds a hut or shelter of needle boughs vai1 hurts him, her, it by foot or body-movement vta shtākikw wēqsakhkoww hut of cedar boughs na shtākikan hurts him, her, it by rough handling vta wēqsakeponw tent or hut for the steam bath ni pīmikamek hurts him, her, it by touching, handling the sore place vta kētenw
114 is sick, ill; is in pain, has something that hurts vai1 wēqsaksew illness is unruly, troublesome, crazy; starts off in a bad, foolish I way; has the start of an attack of illness, of a stroke vai1 wpesew serious illness ni ehpnākan serious or fatal illness ni ehpnān I I am the one, it is I pro nenq illuminate I pro nenah lights things up; illuminates, lights up vai1 wāqsāhkonnekw ice chops a hole through the ice vti1 tuaham image statue, human image; doll, paper doll na masīnenīhsh expanse of ice ni mhkuam falls through the ice vai7 tuahsen imagine pretends, makes believe, imagines vai2 enuasow ice na mhkuam is open water, free of ice vii shkamiw imitate hears him, her, it so; imitates him, her, it vta on the ice part wahkēthkwam enhtaww there is ice floating in the water, on the river vii hears it so; imitates it vti1 enhtam pīwanāskiqtan repeats, imitates the sound of him, her, it; repeats what ice cream the other has said or sung vta enōhtaww ice cream ni tahkīk repeats, imitates the sound of it vti1 enōhtam ice cream ni thkīk immerse icy immerses him or herself vai1 khtāpīqtaw is icy, covered with ice vai1 mhkuamēwew immerses him, her, it by hand, dips him, her, it vta is icy, covered with ice vii mhkuamēwew khtāpīnw is slippery, icy, there is smooth ice vii osāqshkwat immerses it by hand, dips it vti1 khtāpīnam identify immoral identifies, knows him, her, it by sight vta is foolish, mischievous; is licentious, immoral vai1 pakāhkapamw wanēnwesew identifies, knows it by sight vti1 pakāhkapāhtam impatiently if restlessly, impatiently prev sekāc- if part kēspen sits, stays restlessly, impatiently vai1 sekātapew where, when, if, that part 's stays impatiently, restlessly vai7 sekācehsen ignore improper feels slighted, ignored vai1 mhtāww all sorts, all kinds, various, variously, in all manner of ill ways; improper phrase kan-kawāh fares ill, suffers, sickens or is sick, dies, in that way vai1 in a jam ehpnw is in trouble, in a jam vai1 wsepsew is in a bad state; is dangerously ill vai1 ānemsew in effect is painfully, seriously ill vai1 wēqsakāhpenw in effect, to all practical purposes part mhtōc is seriously ill vai1 matāhpenw
115 in fun lies, sits firmly in place vii sōhkehnn kidding, in fun, insincerely, without really meaning it places it, sets it in place for him, her, it vta aqtuww part nāsap puts him, her, it (animate) right, in place, in order, in heat arranges him, her, it (animate); sets it (a clock) vta runs around, along, past, by; is in heat; is promiscuous onāqnw vai4 pemēpahtaw puts it right, in place, in order, arranges it; sets it (for in line example, a table, a thermostat); makes it up (a bed) vti2 come one behind the other, go in line vai2 ahkōtowak onāqtaw in order puts up, fixes, braids his or her (own) hair; swings it in gets, is put in order, repaired, adjusted vai2 place vti2 onāhotaw nanāhehcekāsow sits, sits down, is in place, is there; there is some of him, gets, is put in order, repaired, adjusted vii her, it vai1 apēw nanāhehcekātw there, in place; in someone's house, dwelling part as puts it right, in place, in order, arranges it; sets it (for tries laying, fitting him, her, it in place vta example, a table, a thermostat); makes it up (a bed) vti2 kocēhsemw onāqtaw tries laying, fitting it in place vti2 kocēhnetaw puts something, things in order vai1 nanāhehcekw in position in passing gets him, her, it ready, places him, her, it in position vta set about an act, go ahead and; in passing, by, on along wnōskaqnw prev pemīm- gets it ready, places it in position vti2 wnōskaqtaw in place is ready, in position, handy vai1 wnōskapew holds him, her, it tight, down in place vta mecēmonw is ready, in position, handy vii wnōskaqtw holds it down in place, tight by means of a tool vta in return mecīmwahw in turn, in return part āset holds it down in place, tight by means of a tool vti1 in sight of mecīmwaham get, are in sight of each other vai2 tpāpahtowak holds it tight, down in place vti1 mecēmonam gets, is in sight of him, her, it vta tpāpamw is in place, is there; there is some of it vii aqtw gets, is in sight of it vti1 tpāpahtam is in place, sits, dwells having something on, close to in spite of his, her its person vai1 kekāpew in spite of obstacles or interference, nevertheless, is put in place, arranged, instituted, founded vii contrarily part wēkew onāqtw in spite of, notwithstanding, nonetheless part neciakah is put in place, in order; it (table) is set; it (bed) is made in sum up vii onāqcekatw all in all, all together, in total, in sum, in all part mah- is tightly in place, firmly wedged in vai7 sūhkāhkihsen māwaw is tightly in place, firmly wedged in vii sūhkāhkihnn in turn lays him, her, it in place, gets him, her, it ready vta in turn, in return part āset osēhsemw in turn part ānhkan lays it in place, gets it ready vti2 osēhnetaw in vain lies in place, ready; is arranged vii osēhnen to be sure, nevertheless, although, after all; in vain; isn't lies in place, ready; lies down, goes to bed vai7 osēhsen it so? part ānow lies, sits firmly in place vai7 sōhkehsen
116 inappropriate industrious at a wrong or inappropriate time prev wanāc- is always getting things done, is constructive, at a wrong, inappropriate time part wanāc industrious, active vai1 osēhcekckiw inch is industrious vai1 nqnpew someone's finger; inch dni menhkēhsh inept someone's hand, arm; inch ni menh acts foolishly, performs his or her action or work in a foolish way, ineptly vai1 wāwiaqneqtaw incur incurs expenses vai2 tepāhosow is bad at something, at things, is inept vai1 macēskesew indecently infant talks wrongly, mistakenly; talks indecently vai1 newborn child, infant na oskcian konpāceqnsew infect indeed infects him, her, it vta āqsehw so indeed it did turn out phrase pāhpes pah infects it vti2 āqsehtaw truly, really, indeed, very much part whcetaw infection truly, really, indeed, very much part whtanew infection, contagious disease ni āqsehtwan Indian inform eastern Indian na wāpanahkīw speaks of it to him or her, informs him or her of it vta eats Indian food vai1 mamāceqtawahcekw nenōtamoww human being; Indian na mamāceqtaw ingredient Indian woman na mamāceqtawiahkiw cooks it (for example, onion) with other things, uses it as an ingredient in cooking vta kūnosiw is the chief; is the Indian agent vai1 okēmāwew is made of many ingredients vii mānwenekātw speaks an Indian language vai1 mamāceqtaweqnsew is mixed in, used as an ingredient vai2 kōnonekāsow Winnebago Indian na wenepekōw is mixed in, used as an ingredient vii kōnonekātw Indian corn is used as an ingredient in cooking vai2 kōnosow cob of Indian corn with grains on it, corn on the cob na kekāhtek is used as an ingredient in cooking vii kōnotw cornstalk, stalk of Indian corn na asēqtakan mixes things in, uses ingredients vai1 kōnonekw hard-shelled Indian corn boiled out in lye na inhale kecēhkoneysekan inhales it vta otāhpeskekwamw mature Indian corn na maskāweqkowak inhales it vti1 otāhpeskekwahtam young, tender Indian corn na nōhkeqkowak injure acts on, injures him, her, it by accident vta pqcehw indigestion has indigestion, a stomachache vai2 kēhpow acts on, injures it by accident vti2 pqcehtaw indoors acts upon (especially, injures or kills) him, her, it for goes indoors, into a place, comes in, enters (a house) that reason vta ohcēhw vai1 pīhtikw acts upon (especially, injures or kills) it for that reason in the house, indoors, inside, in a building part pīhtik vti2 ohcēhtaw defiles, injures, or bothers people vai2 induce tempts, induces him or her vta wpāhw wīyāciahkawekow painfully injures him, her, it vta wēqsakāhpenanw seriously injures him, her, itself vai2 panācehsow
117 ink insincerely ink ni asāqcekanāpoh kidding, in fun, insincerely, without really meaning it in-law part nāsap a fellow brother-in-law; one of two or more men who insipid have married into the same family na owēc- tastes bland, insipid, unseasoned; tastes good vai1 nohāhkemenaw anhnepokosew daughter-in-law na nohāhkaniahkiw tastes bland, insipid, unseasoned vii anhnepokwat father-in-law na osēnemaw insolent has him as a son-in-law vta onōhāhkemw talks too much; is boastful, insolent, mouthy vai1 has, treats him as a father-in-law vta osēnemw osāmetonw my brother, my (male) friend; my brother-in-law; my inspect male cross-cousin, any man (other than my mother's gets inspected, examined vai2 pemāhcekasow brother) who is nesēh or ehkwanaeh dna nēhtās gets inspected, examined vii pemāhcekatw my brother-in-law (man speaking) dna nēqtaw inspects without authorization, noses around vai7 my father-in-law dna nesēnh penākehsen my mother-in-law dna neskihsh observes, inspects, examines things vai1 pemāhcekw my sister-in-law, my brother-in-law dna nēnem takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies him, parent of my son-in-law or daughter-in-law dna her, it vta pemāhw nethtawāw takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies it son-in-law na nohāh vti2 pemāhtaw inquire institute (V) asks questions, inquires vai1 kocēmocekw is put in place, arranged, instituted, founded vii onāqtw insane is insane vai1 kēwanāhpenw instrument tool, instrument ni ayōwen insect has insects, is wormy vai1 awtokēhsewew insulate wraps wood; places insulating material on a house-wall has insects, is wormy vii awtokēhsewew vai1 wīwāhkwahekw hunts, gathers insects; picks off potato-bugs; digs worms vai1 awtokēhshkw insult (V) berates, insults him, her, it by speech vta kēhkamw insect, beetle na otāqsowew berates, insults it by speech vti1 kēhkāhtam worm, insect na omōhnw insults, berates people, quarrels vai2 kēhkāhkow inside insults, berates something; is quarrelsome vai1 in the house, indoors, inside, in a building part pīhtik kēhkāhcekw is inside something, in an envelope or container vai2 torments, afflicts him, her, it by teasing, insult, war vta pēhsow kakāpocehw is inside something, in an envelope, container vii pēhtw intend intend to, want to, going to prev katw- inside out turns him, her, it inside out vta āponw intense is so intense, powerful; is so expensive vii ahpēhtat turns it inside out vti1 āponam turns, gets inside out vii āposhkaw
118 intensely ironwood greatly, much, intensely part kqc ironwood tree na omkomyah really, very, greatly, much, intensely, hard prev kqc- Iroquois surely; intensely, much, especially part mmik Iroquoian woman, Oneida woman na nātawiahkiw intent island gives away his, her, its thought, intent; gives up hope island; continent ni mens vai2 pannemow island ni menhsh interest (N) it bears young; bears interest (money) vii penīmakat he, she, it is the one, it is he, she, it pro wenq interpret he, she, it pro wenah interprets for people, for someone vai2 itch (V) ānhkanōhtawekow itches (his, her, its head) vai1 kākāskethpw interprets it; interprets for him or her vta itches, feels an itch, is itchy vai1 kesēpesew ānhkanōhtaww itches vai1 kākāskesew interprets it vti1 ānhkanōhtam interpreter interpreter na ānhkanōhtawekow interval at short intervals part nanīhkac invitation gives out an invitation; gives a feast vai2 nānetow invite calls, asks for, invites him, her, it vta natōmw calls, invites someone, people vai1 natōmeww causes, invites him or her to smoke vta ohpuahw fetches, gets him, her, it; invites him or her vta nānw invites people; gives a feast vai1 nāseww Irish person sucker, carp; Norwegian, Irish person na nampen iron (metal) iron, piece of iron, iron utensil; crowbar; telephone ni ohkōmān small iron or metal object; telephone, can, wire, telegraph ni ohkōmānēhsh iron (N; for clothes) iron (for ironing clothes) ni sūskīkahekan iron (V) irons it vta sūskīkahw irons it vti1 sūskīkaham irons vai1 sūskīkahekw
119 January January na Anāmhkatwan-kēsoq January na Mc-awtok-kēsoq January na Nānetwan-kēsoq J jar (N) can, jar for preserves ni kepāhkwahekan jealous jab are jealous of each other vai2 kiahkohtowak jabs him, her, it with hand, finger vta cēpenw is jealous of him, her, it about it vta kiahkomw jabs him, her, it with something vta cēpahw is jealous of it, about it vti1 kiahkohtam jabs it in vta pacēskehsemw is jealous of, envies him, her, it vta kesiawnemw jabs it in vti2 pacēskehnetāw is jealous, envious, is a jealous, envious person vai1 jabs, prods him, her, it roughly with a stick or tool vta kesiawnehcekckiw māqmakwahw is jealous, is a jealous person vai2 kiawckow jabs, prods it roughly with a stick or tool vti1 is jealous vai1 kiaww māqmakwaham jealousy pokes, jabs someone with some object vai1 jealousy ni kahkāwnehtwan cēpahoww jealousy ni kiawān repeatedly jabs him, her, it with his or her hand, finger jello vta cēqcepnw jello ni nnūmhnh jack (playing card) jerk (V) soldier; jack (playing card) na semākanes jerks around, struggles; acts excited; makes a face vai1 jack pine mācehkīskaw jack pine na ohkīhkāhtek jerks him, her, it back; grabs it from him or her quickly, place overgrown with jackpines ni jerks it from him or her vta nhkīponw ohkīhkāhtekūhsehkiw jerks it back; grabs it from him or her quickly, jerks it jacket from him or her vti2 nhkīpotaw coat, jacket ni pēhshkakan jerks, pries it free by tool vti1 kīhkīqtaham jail (N) opens, uncovers him, her, it by a quick pull; jerks it gets thrown into jail vai2 pīhtikwpenekāsow open vta pāhkeponw jail ni kepāhkwahotiwikamek opens, uncovers it by a quick pull; jerks it open vti2 jail (V) pāhkepotāw closes it (something solid) up; closes it with something jerky solid; locks him, her, it up, jails him or her vta piece of jerky ni pāhsawan kepāhkwahw jingle jailer jingle dance ni senāwh nīmwan judge, lawyer, jailer, police officer na tepāhkonekw jingle dances vai2 nāwtōhsanemow jam jingles or rattles as he, she, it moves vai1 senāwqtaw stewed fruit, jam ni pīhkemenaqsekan little bell, jingle, rattle ni nenāwtōhsh janitor janitor na pēnehcekw
120 join jumps high in the air vai2 kuahnepesow catches, dips it out with a net; joins in the song vti1 jumps, hops vai1 kuahnw nahkuaham makes him, her, it jump with surprise, startles him, her, joins a group; stays with someone vai2 khpiawekow it vta cēpeqtāhnw joins another road, there is a junction of roads vii runs differently, runs funny, runs without care, skips, nahkīpaniw hops, jumps vai4 matāpipahtaw joins him or her in his or her song vta runs jumping, leaping vai4 kuahnepāhtaw nahkuahamoww jump over joins him, her, it; stays overnight at his or her house vta jumps over him, her, it; skips, omits him, her, it from an khpiaww action vta pāsetahw joins in someone's song vai2 nahkuahamowekow jumps over it; skips, omits it from an action vti1 joins in the song vai2 nahkuahamasow pāsetaham joint junction at my joint(s) ni nepsqtakanāneh joins another road, there is a junction of roads vii joint; tendon which moves a joint ni pesqtakan nahkīpaniw joke June joking word, speech idiom āynin-kīketwan June na Athemen-kēsoq joker (playing card) just joker na cōkāh just this, this one by contrast part cīn journey so much, so far, no more, enough, just; at any rate, of is off on a journey vai1 otāmeskaw course part kh returns from his, her, its journey vai7 āpīhsen judge (N) judge, lawyer, jailer, police officer na tepāhkonekw judge (V) judges, passes judgment on him, her, it vta tepāhkonw judges, passes judgment on it vti1 tepāhkonam passes judgment vai1 tepāhkonekw judgment judgement; session of court ni tepāhkonekan juice apple juice, cider ni mēqsemenāpoh citrus juice (for example, lemonade, orange juice, grapefruit juice) ni asktmenapoh cranberry juice ni piakemenāpoh grape juice, wine ni sōmenapoh juice, sap ni sīsepiwān July July na Āphtaw-nēpen-kēsoq jump jumps (from surprise) vai1 cēpeqtaw
121 sets it apart, keeps it as extra vti1 eskōnam keep after urges him, her, it on by an instrument or action; closes in on him, her, it (in a race); keeps after him her, it vta K wēsāhw keep away from tries to keep it away from him, her, it; forbids it to him, her, it vta tapātamoww Kaukana at Kaukana (WI) place name Okāhkoneh keep in mind keeps him, her, it carefully in mind, remembers him, keep her, it well vta mecēmnemw controls, owns, keeps him, her, it; is master over him, her, it vta tepnemw keeps him, her, it in mind vta kanāwnemw controls, owns, keeps it; is master over it vti1 keeps it carefully in mind, remembers it well vti1 tepnehtam mecēmnehtam gives him or her something to keep, entrusts something keeps it in mind vti1 kanāwnehtam to him or her vta kanōhtenw keep up has, maintains, keeps, owns it, has it on hand vta tanw keeps up with him, her, it vta tepiahkaww has, maintains, keeps, owns it; has it on hand vti1 tanām keeps up with it vti1 tepiahkam is kept, maintained vai2 kanāwehcekāsow keep watch is kept, maintained vii kanāwehcekātw watches for things, is on the lookout, keeps watch vai1 keep, support each other; are married to each other vai2 ahkōnhcekw pemēhetowak Kenepoway Settlement keeps him, her, it fixed in view vta sakāpamw Kenepoway Settlement (Menominee reservation) place name Kenēpowew Omnikan keeps it fixed in view vti1 sakāpahtam Kenepoway Settlement, West Branch Settlement place keeps it to the end, saves it up vta eskuanw name Ahke-Nēpowew Omnikan keeps it to the end, saves it up vti2 eskuatāw kennel keeps, saves it up to the end vta eskīhw dog kennel ni anmikamek keeps, saves it up to the end vti2 eskīhtaw kernel keeps, supports him, her, it, keeps him, her, it going vta gets, has hard kernels, is mature (Indian corn) vai2 pemēhw maskāweqkow keeps, supports it, keeps it going vti2 pemēhtaw Keshena loves, likes him, her, it; tries to keep him, her, it; is Keshena (Wisconsin) place name Kesīqnh wary, cautious of him, her, it vta tapānw Keshena Falls loves, likes it; tries to keep it; is wary, cautious of it vti1 at Keshena Falls place name Kahkāphkatoh tapātam maintains, supports, keeps, takes care of him, her, it vta Keshena Lake Keshena Lake place name Kesīqnh Nepēhsh kanāwehw maintains, supports, keeps, takes care of it vti2 kettle kanāwehtaw kettle with legs or feet na ohkātahkh sets him, her, it apart, keeps him, her, it as extra vta kettle with spout, coffeepot na sēqsep-ahkh eskōnw kettle, pot, pail, bucket na ahkh
122 key him, her, it without cause vta pēnhsehw key ni kaskāphkahekan completely butchers, kills, does away with him, her, it key ni keciaphkahekan vta yāhpecenanw locks it by key vti1 kaskāphkaham completely butchers, kills, does away with it vti2 kick (N) yāhpecenataw starts him, her, it moving with a kick or by pushing with is killed, ruined by frost vai1 kīhkacew his or her body; shoves him, her, it vta is killed, ruined by frost vii kīhkatw kāhcwpeskaww is killed, stunted by thirst vai2 kīhkapākōw starts it moving with a kick or by pushing with his or is stunted, killed, ruined by the hot sunshine vai2 her body; shoves it vti1 kāhcwpeskam kīhkāqnahsow kick (V) kill each other vai2 nqntowak kicks him, her, it in the rump vta paqsecehkskaww kills him or herself, commits suicide vai2 nqnsōw kicks him, her, it in the rump vta paqsekopyanw kills him, her, it vta nqnw kicks him, her, it vta tahkskaww kills it vti2 nqtaw kicks it in the rump vti1 paqsekopyatam kills people; kills things (persons) for people vai2 kicks it vti1 tahkskam nqtuwekow kicks, kicks things vai1 tahkskacekw kills something, makes a killing, kills game vai1 kicks, steps on, bumps into him, her, it by accident vta nqtakw pqshkaww killer kicks, steps on, bumps into it by accident vti1 is a good hunter, killer of game vai2 nqtakhkow pqshkam kin kick out kinship; kin, family ni enāwhtaqswan chases, drives, kicks him, her, it out of a place vta kind (A) sākecensehw is kind vai1 kesiatesew throws, flings, kicks him, her, it out of a place vta kind (type) sākecwpenw a person of my own kind na nēc-esēkew throws, flings, kicks it out of a place vti1 all kinds, various, variously, in all manner of ways part sākecwpenam kawāh Kickapoo all sorts, all kinds, various, variously, in all manner of Kickapoo na Okīkapow ways; improper phrase kan-kawāh kidding that kind, that sort pren esēh- kidding, in fun, insincerely, without really meaning it that person, being, kind, sort, specimen; part nāsap whatchamacallit, whatchamacallum pro ayāh kidney way of being, occupation, affair, business; that kind of my kidney dna netōneneh thing, that sort ni esēken kill what sort, kind is it? vii wqsēken acts upon (especially, injures or kills) him, her, it for what sort, kind of thing (inanimate)? pro wqsēken that reason vta ohcēhw what sort?, what kind? pren wqsēh- acts upon (especially, injures or kills) it for that reason kind of vti2 ohcēhtaw kind of part paqsek attacks, sets upon, acts upon him, her, it for no discernible reason, without cause or provocation; kills
123 kindle kneels, stays on his or her knees vai1 ocīhcekwanapew makes an offering of tobacco to him, her, it; kindles it kneels vai1 ocīhcekwanekapowew for him or her vta sakāqsamoww knife kindling knife ni aqsekan chops up wood, splits wood up small, makes kindling or short knife ni kēskaqsekan firewood vai1 pēqsekahhnw small knife, pocket knife ni aqsekhsh kindling wood ni wēnonnekan knob king (playing card) knob, handle for turning; faucet; doorknob ni pīmenekan king of spades na pīk-enniw knobby man; husband; king (playing card); brave man na grows, is bumpy, knobby vai1 mēmemhkekew enniw grows, is bumpy, knobby vii mēmemhkekn kingdom is bumpy, knobby all over vai1 mēmemhkecikew chieftainship, kingdom ni okēmāwen is bumpy, knobby all over vii mēmemhkecikn kingfisher knock kingfisher na okskemanīq knocks a hole through it vta pōhpkanamw kingfisher na pskomanīq knocks a hole through it vti1 pōhpkanāhtam kinnickinnick knocks at, thumps on him, her, it (something solid); gathers, prepares kinnickinnick vai1 knocks at, thumps on him, her, it with a stick or other ahpsāwānhkw solid thing vta pāhpakāhkwahw kinnickinnick, red willow bark that is mixed with knocks at, thumps on it (something solid); knocks at, tobacco ni ahpsāwān thumps on it with a stick or other solid thing vti1 kinnickinnick phrase mamāceqtaw-nqnemāw pāhpakāhkwaham red willow, kinnickinnick ni mhkūpīmak knocks him, her, it down by hand vta ahpāketnw uses kinnickinnick vai1 ahpsāww knocks him, her, it on the head vta pākethphw kinship knocks it in two with a stick or club vta kēskakanāmw kinship, relationship ni enāwhtwan knocks it in two with a stick or club vti1 kēskakanāhtam kinship; kin, family ni enāwhtaqswan knocks it to bits vta pīkwakanāmw kiss knocks it to bits vti1 pīkwakanāhtam kisses him, her, it vta ocīmw knocks, hammers it straight vta meyāwakanāmw kisses it vti1 ocīhtam knocks, hammers it straight vti1 meyāwakanāhtam kite knocks, shakes him, her, it (a solid thing, especially tree kite ni espqnecekan or wood); knocks, shakes him, her, it from a solid thing, kitten especially tree or wood vta pawāhkwahw kitten na kāsakhsh knocks, shakes it (a solid thing, especially tree or wood); knead knocks, shakes it from a solid thing, especially tree or bread board, kneading-board ni sahkāthekan wood vti1 pawāhkwaham knee pounds, drums, knocks, thumps on something with a kneels, stays on his or her knees vai1 ocīhcekwanapew stick or other solid thing vai1 pāhpakāhkwahekw my knee dna nektek raps, knocks at something; knocks at the door vai1 pāhpakahekw kneel kneels down vai1 ocīhcekwaneqtaw repeatedly raps, knocks at it vti1 pāhpakaham
124 knock away it surely will not fail to happen, will it?, you might strikes him, her, it down, knocks him, her, it away vta know, as usual, wouldn't you know? part tāweskōqc ahpāketakanamw knows him, her, it; knows (such-and-such) about him, strikes it down, knocks it away vti1 ahpāketakanāhtam her, it vta khkēnaww knock down knows things by sight; looks carefully; reads vai1 knocks him, her, it down by a shot vta pakāhkapāhcekw ahpāketnaww knows, understands, gets it; knows (such-and-such) knocks him, her, it off, down vta ciahkakanāmw about it; has consciousness vti1 khkēnam knocks it down by a shot vti1 ahpāketnam remembers, knows about him, her, it after a long knocks it down by hand vti1 ahpāketnam interval of time vta sākomnemw knocks it off, down vti1 ciahkakanāhtam remembers, knows about it after a long interval of time vti1 sākomnehtam throws him, her, it onto something; knocks him, her, it down by tool vta ahpāketahw understands his or her own speech, knows what he or she is saying vai2 nenōhtasow throws it onto something; knocks it down by tool vti1 ahpāketaham knock off knocks him, her, it off or down by tool vta pawāhw knocks him, her, it off, down vta ciahkakanāmw knocks it off or down by tool; gathers rice, knocks rice into the boat vti1 pawāham knocks it off, down vti1 ciahkakanāhtam repeatedly knocks him, her, it off vta pahpāwahw repeatedly knocks it off vti1 pahpāwaham knock over knocks it (for example, a ball) over to him, her, it vta ahpāketahamoww knot (N) knot ni phkuahsepetw knot (V) is knotted vii phkuahsepetw knots it vti2 phkuahsepetāw know forgets him, her, it; fails to know of him, her, it vta wannemw forgets it; fails to know of it vti1 wannehtam I don't know; how should I know? part ēnāk identifies, knows him, her, it by sight vta pakāhkapamw identifies, knows it by sight vti1 pakāhkapāhtam is known, notable, recognizable vai1 khkīnākuatesew is known, notable, recognizable vii khkīnākuatat
125 Lake Poygan Lake Poygan place name Pawāhekan Lake Shawano Lake Shawano place name Sāwanow Nepēhsh L Lake Superior Lake Superior place name Ocīkqsyah-Kqcekam Lake Winnebago lace (V) Lake Winnebago place name Wenepekōneh threads, laces it vti2 nāpetaw Lake Winnebago place name Wenepekōw Kqcekam threads, laces something, things vai2 nāpetāqsow Lake Winnebago place name Wenepekōw Nepēhsh lack (V) lame goes with a piece lacking, lacks a piece vii packīskaw limps, is lame vai7 kīqcenokan is placed so, left so; so much is lacking of it vii enāqtw lamp lacks a piece vai1 packīskaw lamp, candle ni wāqnenekan lacks something vai1 awmew tube, pipe, stovepipe, lamp chimney ni kōhtakanāhtek lacrosse land (N) game of lacrosse, baseball ni pākahatuan earth, land, ground ni ahkēw lacrosse stick ni pākahat has (some place as his or her) land vai1 otāhkemew lacrosse, baseball player na pākahatōw hill, elevated place in the land, highland ni wahkītāhkiw ladder is a bad place, bad land; is a bad state of affairs vii ladder, stairway ni ehkuahtawakan matāhkamekat ladle (N) is marshy land vii asīkanīhsehkiw skimming ladle ni mamāhekan on earth, land, ground ni ahkīheh spoon; ladle, dipper ni meskwan slopes down (the land) vii nūhsemāhkiwew ladle (V) small piece of land; acre ni ahkēhsh scoops it up, ladles it vai2 meskow land (V) scoops, ladles it up vta kuapahw falls, lands, lies in a sticky substance, mud, filth vai7 scoops, ladles it up vti1 kuapaham pkehsen takes him, her, it out of a liquid by tool; ladles it out vta falls, lands, lies in a sticky substance, mud, filth vii akuapīhw pkehnn takes it out of a liquid by tool, ladles it out vti1 falls, lands, lies straight; is correct vai7 meyāwehsen akuapīham falls, lands, lies straight; is correct vii meyāwehnn lady hurts him, her, itself in falling, landing vai7 kīhkehsen little woman; young lady na metmohsēhsh landslide my old lady, wife na nēc-wēyawekh gets, is covered by sand or earth, by a landslide vai2 old woman, old lady na wēyawekh nekuamhkskosow lake it gets, is covered by sand, earth, a landslide vii lake south of the Menominee Reservation place name nekuamhkskotw Sīqsepicewanow language lake; puddle ni nepēhsh English language ni mōhkomānēweqnsen Menominee language omqnomenēweqnsewen
126 Menominee language ni omqnomenēweqnsen too late vta kashkaww Menominee language phrase omqnomenēw kīketwan late (deceased) Ojibwe language ni Ocīpīwanamwan † in the past, in past intention (unfulfilled); deceased, late Ojibwe language ni Ocīpīweqnsewen part kh nap person who speaks that language na esēqnesew later speaks an Indian language vai1 mamāceqtaweqnsew just a moment ago, soon, later; wait a minute; it was after a bit, it was just now part kanew speaks that language vai1 esēqnesew later on, after a while part kah-new such a language, that language ni esēqnesewen lathe lard is shaped by filing or lathing vii ohpōtw oil, fat, grease, lard, salt pork; gas, motor oil ni pemēh is shaped by filing, lathing vai2 ohpōsow large has large hands vai1 mahkenhciw shapes it by file, lathe vta ohpōnw large, big; old pren mamāh- shapes it by file, lathe vti2 ohpōtāw large, big pren mc- laugh laughs for that reason vai1 ohtāhpew lark (bird) lark (bird) na kakāskancīq laughs out loud vai1 papēhkayniw laughs to prostration, rolls over laughing vai1 lasso (N) kawāhpew lasso ni nakuakan laughs too much vai1 osāmāhpew lasso (V) laughs ropes him, her, it in, lassoes him, her, it vta nakuanw vai1 āyniw laughter, laugh, smile ni āynin ropes it in, lassoes it vti2 nakuatāw makes him or her laugh vta āyōsehw last a ways on, a ways farther, beyond; better, better than starts to laugh vai1 wpāhpew ordinary, beyond ordinary nature or power; last, laugh at previous part kohkēw laughs at him or herself vai2 āyōsenasow at last; for the last time part ayāckwat laughs at him, her, it to prostration, rolls over laughing last night at him, her, it vta kawāhpehw last night, yesterday evening; tonight part nhkah laughs at him, her, it vta āyōsenaww last night; at night; nights (after numbers) part teph laughs at it vti1 āyōsenam last winter law winter, year; last winter ni pepōn determines it; makes it a law vti1 kēsāhkonam late makes laws vai1 kēsāhkonekw comes too late vai7 kashkehsen plan, provision; decree, law ni enāhkonekan contrarily, perversely, just at the wrong time, too late; lawn mower after all that part kamāc lawn mower na kēskesekw is so far into the night, so late at night vii lawsuit ahpēhtatphkat lawsuit ni tahkōnewan is so late in the day, is so much o'clock, in daytime vii lawyer ahpēhcekesekat judge, lawyer, jailer, police officer na tepāhkonekw late, after a long time part nawh laxative misses him, her, it (animate; person, train) by coming laxative ni sāposekan
127 lay tries laying, fitting it in place vti2 kocēhnetaw folds it up and lays it away vta pyakuaqnw lazy folds it up and lays it away vti2 pyakuaqtaw is lazy vai2 tāqtakacehkow has something, has it in some fixed place, places is no good, lazy vai1 kōhpatsew something, puts it down; lays it (an egg) vti2 aqtaw lazy person na tāqtakacehkiw lays a mat, mats vai2 anāhkow lead (metal) lays him, her, it blocking something vta kepēhsemw lead (metal) ni mesāph lays him, her, it face up vta necenehsemw lead (V) lays him, her, it in place, gets him, her, it ready vta brings, leads, conveys him, her, it out vta ketāwanw osēhsemw brings, leads, conveys it out vti2 ketāwataw lays him, her, it spreading, lays him, her, it down, lays conducts, conveys, carries, leads him, her, it around vta him, her, it to bed vta shkēhsemw papāmianw lays it (something solid) lengthwise; lays him, her, it conducts, conveys, carries, leads it around vti2 lengthwise on something solid vta pemāhkihsemw papāmiatāw lays it (something solid) lengthwise; lays it lengthwise conducts, guides, leads, conveys him, her, it, takes him, on something solid vti2 pemāhkihnetāw her, it along, on, past vta pemianw lays it away in the proper place vta sakāhkehsemw conducts, guides, leads, conveys it, takes it along, on, lays it away in the proper place vti2 sakāhkehnetāw past vti2 pemiatāw lays it blocking something vti2 kepēhnetaw conveys, takes, leads him, her, it there, towards there lays it face up vti2 necenehnetāw vta esianw lays it in place, gets it ready vti2 osēhnetaw conveys, takes, leads it there, towards there vti2 esiatāw lays it narrow vti2 nahnathnetaw goes in front, leads the way vai1 menqtamēhkw lays it properly away vta kanātaqnw leads on, past (the road) vii pemīpaniw lays it properly away vti2 kanātaqtaw starts to transport, lead, convey it away vti2 lays it spread, open vta sīskehsemw wpāwataw lays it spread, open vti2 sīskehnetāw takes him, her, it in that direction, leads him, her, it away vta anmāwanw lays it spreading vti2 shkēhnetaw takes them all along with him or her, leads them all lays mats, places a rug vai1 anāhkīhcekw away vta mqtawanw lays, places, leaves him, her, it open or uncovered vta takes them all along with him or her, leads them all pāhkehsemw away vti2 mqtawatāw lays, places, leaves it open or uncovered vti2 takes, leads him, her, it out of a place vta sāketawanw pāhkehnetāw takes, leads it out of a place vti2 sāketawataw places, lays him, her it down or facing that direction vta anmehsemw takes, leads, conveys him, her, it along a straight course, straight to the destination vta meyāwianw places, lays him, her, it straight vta meyāwehsemw takes, leads, conveys him, her, it inside vta places, lays it facing down or that direction vti2 pīhtikawanw anmehnetāw takes, leads, conveys it along a straight course, straight places, lays it straight vti2 meyāwehnetāw to the destination vti2 meyāwiatāw pushes it over by hand; lays it flat vti1 kawnam takes, leads, conveys it inside vti2 pīhtikawataw tries laying, fitting him, her, it in place vta transport, lead, convey him, her, it away vta kocēhsemw
128 wpāwanw leans, lies leaning on something vai7 āqtihsen lead back leans, lies leaning on something vii āqtihnn takes, leads, conveys him, her, it back, home vta stands leaning over vai1 nowkāpowew kīwianw lean over takes, leads, conveys it back, home vti2 kīwiatāw leans over in growth, in natural shape vai1 nowkew takes, leads, conveys it back vti2 waskiatāw leans, hangs over the top of something vai7 leader pahkētakocen goes in the lead, acts as leader vai1 meyāww leap leader na meyāww runs jumping, leaping vai4 kuahnepāhtaw war leader na mīhkw speeds leaping vii kuahnepetw leaf learn bean leaf ni maskūcīhsepak learns it by observation, by looking on vti1 has young leaves, is new-leaved vai1 oskpīmaksew khkēnawapahtam has young leaves, is new-leaved vii oskpīmakat learned leaf of corn plant ni wāpemenpak is wise, learned, clever vai1 nepuahkaw leaf, lettuce, cabbage ni anīpiahkan learned man na nepuahkawenniw leaves are turning brown vii onāwepimakat wise, learned person na nepuahkaw potato leaf ni ohpnepak learning sheds leaves, are falling (the leaves) vai1 wisdom, learning, cleverness ni nepuahkan penīpīmaksew leather squash leaf ni wīnmhkwanpak cloth, leather for tying things up ni wiahkīhpecekan turn brown (its leaves) vai1 onāwepimaksew leather leggings ni onūkīh-metīhsan when the leaves fall part penīpīmak leather shoe, moccasin ni onūkīhsahksen when the leaves turn yellow part onāwepimak leather, suede, piece of leather ni onūkīh leafy leave has a yellow leafy top vii osāwanāhkwat gets into motion, starts going, starts off, leaves, goes away vai3 mācīw leak (V) leaks, drips out vii ohcēkawew goes back, goes home; leaves vai1 kēww leaks vai1 ohcēkawew is left over (food) vii eskuahcekatw is placed so, left so; so much is lacking of it vii enāqtw lean (A) hard, dry bread; toast; lean, bony person na maskāhsow it is left to the last, left over vii eskīhnen is lean vai2 pahkāhkasow lays, places, leaves him, her, it open or uncovered vta lean person na pahkāhkasow pāhkehsemw lays, places, leaves it open or uncovered vti2 lean (V) pāhkehnetāw is placed leaning against something solid vai7 āqtuahkihsen leaves or saves something (food) vai1 eskuahcekw is placed leaning against something solid vii leaves scraps from eating it vta pēwamw āqtuahkihnn leaves scraps from eating it vti1 pēwahtam leans him, her, it on something vta āqtihsemw leaves too many, very many tracks vti1 osāmekonham leans it on something vti2 āqtihnetāw leaves, abandons him, her, it vta nekānw leans over in growth, in natural shape vii nowken leaves, abandons it vti1 nekātam
129 leaves, saves it (food) vta eskuamw has small, thin legs vai1 papēwekatw leaves, saves it (food) vti1 eskuahtam his, her, its leg dni ohkāt puts down, leaves, throws away, discards things; gives is hairy on his, her, its legs vai1 mēqsekatw something up; confesses (to a Catholic priest) vai1 moves with stiff legs vai1 sēpekatqtaw pakēcekw my leg dni nhkāt puts him, her, it down, leaves him, her, it; discards him, your leg dni khkāt her, it, throws him, her, it away vta pakēnw legband puts it down, leaves it; discards it, throws it away vti1 legband ni kākatpiyan pakētam legging leave alone leather leggings ni onūkīh-metīhsan leaves him, her, it alone, stops bothering him, her, it vta my legging, stocking, sock dni netīh amnw leisure leaves it alone, stops bothering it vti1 amnam at a time of leisure, in free time part wāwān stops acting upon him, her, it, dealing with him, her, it; has free time, leisure vai1 tāhceqtaw leaves him, her, it alone vta pōnehw is at leisure, has free time vai1 teyāweqtaw stops acting upon it, dealing with it; leaves it alone vti2 pōnehtaw lemon lemon, orange, May apple; orange (color) ni leave behind asktmen leaves him, her, it behind, goes away without him, her, orange; lemon; May apple, mandrake ni mesktmen it; outruns him, her, it vta payānw leaves him, her, it behind, goes faster or farther than lemonade him, her, it vta ohcēkanw citrus juice (for example, lemonade, orange juice, grapefruit juice) ni asktmenapoh leaves it behind, goes away without it; outruns it vti2 payātāw lemonade ni mesktmenapoh leaves it behind, goes faster or farther than it vti1 lend ohcēkatam lends him or her something vta awēhw leaves someone, people behind; outdistances the other lends to people vai1 awēheww runners vai1 payāseww lengthwise leech lays it (something solid) lengthwise; lays him, her, it leech, bloodsucker na okāskiq lengthwise on something solid vta pemāhkihsemw left (side) lays it (something solid) lengthwise; lays it lengthwise my left hand, my left side ni nenmahcyan on something solid vti2 pemāhkihnetāw to or at my left ni nenmahcyaneh lengthy makes it lengthy, long-winded vti2 sēpeskacehnetāw left over is left over (food) vai2 eskuahcekasow let is left to the end, left over vai7 eskīhsen let it be so, let (us, him, etc.), you had better part kat let it be part nās new leg between the legs part nanākwap may it be, let it be; one hopes, I hope; can it be? part nāqs breaks his or her leg vta pūhkikathw may, might, perhaps, let it be, would have (but didn't), has legs vai1 ohkātew possibility, contingency part pas has scars, scabs on his, her, its legs vai1 omkekatw please, do let it be so; never mind part nās kat has short legs vai1 tatāskikatw
130 let out lie (V; position) moves him, her, it out, lets him, her, it out of a place vta (solid thing) lies in that manner; lies in that manner on a sāketnw solid thing vai7 enāhkihsen moves it out, lets it out of a place vti1 sāketnam comes down, lies with noise; rings vii tanīwhnen letter comes down, lies, works well, is well placed; in a graphic mark, letter of the alphabet, piece of writing ni favorable position, in (people's, a woman's) good graces asāqcekan vai7 menīhsen paper, letter, book, document ni masēnahekan extends, lies lengthwise (something solid); extends on small piece of paper, writing, card, mail, letter ni something solid vii pemāhkihnn masēnahekhsh falls into, lies in proper position; adjusts him, her, itself as he, she, it lies lettuce vai7 nanāhehsen leaf, lettuce, cabbage ni anīpiahkan falls into, lies in proper position vii nanāhehnn liar falls or lies blocking something vai7 kepēhsen is a liar vai1 kenūhkesīhkiw falls or lies blocking something vii kepēhnen thinks, calls him or her a liar, treats him or her as a liar, falls, lands, lies in a sticky substance, mud, filth vai7 disbelieves what he or she is saying vta kenōhtamw pkehsen library falls, lands, lies in a sticky substance, mud, filth vii library ni wēhtamowikamek pkehnn lice falls, lands, lies straight; is correct vai7 meyāwehsen busies him or herself with him, her, it, attends to him, falls, lands, lies straight; is correct vii meyāwehnn her, it; plays with him, her, it; picks lice from him, her, falls, lies flat vai7 napākehsen it vta tasiahkaww falls, lies flat vii napākehnn busy themselves one with the other, attend to each gets cold lying, cools off vai7 tahkēhsen other; pick lice from each other; come together vai2 gets cold lying, cools off vii tahkēhnen tasiahkatowak gets down on his, her, its back, lies down in supine licentious position vai1 neceneqtaw is foolish, mischievous; is licentious, immoral vai1 gets up from lying, from bed vai1 onēw wanēnwesew he, she, it (solid thing) extends, lies lengthwise; he, she, lichen it extends on a solid thing, lies lengthwise vai7 tree lichen na wāhkonak pemāhkihsen lick is dirty from lying on the ground vai7 wīnahkīhsen licks him, her, it vta nūhkwanw is enough; reaches falling or lying vai7 tpehsen licks it vti1 nūhkwatam is enough; reaches falling or lying vii tphnn lid is placed, lies in shade or under shelter vii cover, lid ni kepānohekan ākuaqnnhen lie (N) is placed, lies in shade, under shelter vai7 ākuaqnhsen lie ni kenōhken it comes down, lies, works well, is well placed vii tells a lie vai1 kenōhkw menīhnen lie (V) it lies cold; is cold (a house) vii tahkāqtw lies dry, dried up vii phkwaqtw leans, lies leaning on something vai7 āqtihsen lies to him or her vta kenōhkwemw leans, lies leaning on something vii āqtihnn
131 lies among weeds, is covered with weeds vai7 lies spread open vii sīskaqtw wēnaskēhsen lies spread, open vai7 sīskehsen lies among weeds, is covered with weeds vii lies spread, open vii sīskehnn wēnaskēhnen lies spread vii shkēhnen lies around vii kēwaqtw lies still, falls and lies motionless vai7 kanācehsen lies as a curled up length vai7 wākāpīhsen lies still; falls and lies motionless vii kanācehnn lies as a curled up length vii wākāpīhnen lies thin vai7 pepākehsen lies assembled, heaped up vai7 māwatīhsen lies thin vii pepākehnn lies assembled, heaped up vii māwatīhnen lies to the south vii osāwanowehnn lies badly, is in a poor position; goes bad vai7 macēhsen lies twofold; goes two ways vii nīsihnn lies badly, is in a poor position; goes bad vii macēhnen lies, falls flat; blows, tumbles over vai7 kanāskehsen lies close up vai7 aqsecehsen lies, sits firmly in place vai7 sōhkehsen lies coiled vai7 wāweyakāpīhsen lies, sits firmly in place vii sōhkehnn lies coiled vii wāweyakāpihnen lies, sleeps, stays till morning, reaches morning vai7 lies covered with grass, overgrown by weeds vai7 wāpanhsen kepuaskehsen side at which he, she, it lies na whcehseh lies covered with grass, overgrown by weeds vii sinks into or lies snugly in something solid vai7 kepuaskehnn khtāhkihsen lies covered, wrapped vii kaskīwaqtw sits in the dark; sits, lies, is there as a dark object vai1 lies crosswise, sideways vai7 pemēcehsen nqsekapew lies crosswise, sideways vii pemēcehnn sits in the dark; sits, lies, is there as a dark object vii lies enclosed between things vii kaskīwehnn nqsekaqtw lies face up vai7 necenehsen those that lie piled up ni whkihnhken lies face up vii necenehnn tips over, lies tipped over vai7 kōhkāhsen lies facing away, face down vai7 anmehsen tips over, lies tipped over vii kōhkāhnen lies facing away, face down vii anmehnn wears out, is worn out; lies in all the places, to the very lies in place, ready; is arranged vii osēhnen end vai7 mqcehsen lies in place, ready; lies down, goes to bed vai7 osēhsen wears out, is worn out; lies in all the places, to the very lies in splinters vii pīkwaqtw end vii mqcehnn lies in that direction, on that side vai7 ohcēhsen lie down lies in that direction, on that side vii ohcēhnen comes down, lies down with noise vai7 tanīwhsen lies in that manner (something solid); lies in that manner falls flat, tips over; lies down vai7 kawēhsen on something solid vii enāhkihnn lies down and relaxes vai7 ahpākecēhsen lies like a spoon, doubled up vai7 meskwanehsen lies down and tries out his or her bed vai7 kocēhsen lies on his, her, its back, face up vai7 necenhkīhsen lies down vai1 kawēqtaw lies on his, her, its side vai7 īqsawhsen lies spread, lies down, lies (for example) on a bed vai7 lies on something vai7 atōcehsen shkēhsen lies open; lies uncovered vai7 pāhkehsen life has the power of revival, always comes back to life; has lies open; lies uncovered vii pāhkehnn a tough life vai2 wīniqtāckow lies or falls flat; blows, tumbles over vii kanāskehnn life ni pemātesen lies splashing around in the water vai7 sahsqsopīhcen
132 lift throws light on it, lights it up vti1 wāqnenam fails, cannot manage to lift or handle him, her, it vta lightning puanw blinks, glances at him, her, it; puts it into his or her eye fails, cannot manage to lift or handle it vti1 puanam by blinking; flashes lightning at him, her, it (a lifts him, her, it by hand vta espnw Thunderer) vta natāwāpenotaww lifts it by hand vti1 espnam blinks, glances at it; puts it into his or her eye by manages, is strong enough, to lift him, her, it in his or blinking; flashes lightning at it (a Thunderer) vti1 her hands vta ketēskenw natāwāpenotam manages, is strong enough, to lift it in his or her hands hits something, beats things; strikes (lightning); comes vti1 ketēskenam (thunder) vai1 pakāhcekw there is lightning; makes a flash, gives lightning light (A) (Thunderer) vai1 wāqnaww is light (in weight) vai5 akīpen is light (in weight) vii akīpan lightning bug lightning bug, firefly na wāqnemōhsh light (N) is visible; there is light vii nākwat like (as) actually, just simply; rather, as it were; like, as if part lights things up, lights the lamp, turns on the light; hunts sew with a light vai1 wāqnenekw evenly, equally, alike, like; exactly opposite; at the same puts out the fire, the light vai1 āqtahekw time part tepāh shows light, color; flashes a light vai1 wāqsāhkonaww like part ses shows light, color; is lit up vii wāqsāhkonaww like pren tepāh- shows light; has color vii wāqsāhkonawt like (V) throws light on him, her, it, lights him, her, it up vta is liked, beloved vai2 tapācekasow wāqnenw is liked, beloved vii tapācekatw throws light on it, lights it up vti1 wāqnenam is loved, well-liked vai1 tapānakosew light (V) likes its taste vta wēhkeqnw lights his or her pipe vai1 sakāhehpwakanw likes its taste vti1 wēhkeqtam lights it (a match) by striking vti2 pīhkehnetāw likes the taste of what he, she, it eats, enjoys the food lights it for him or her, gives him or her a light vta vai1 wēhkeqcekw skqsenamoww likes, loves him, her, it vta menīnemw lights it vti1 sakāqsenam likes, loves it vti1 menīnehtam lights things up, lights the lamp, turns on the light; hunts with a light vai1 wāqnenekw likes, thinks well of him, her, it vta onnemw makes a fire, lights a lamp vai1 sakāqsahkw likes, thinks well of it vti1 onnehtam loves, likes him, her, it; tries to keep him, her, it; is light up wary, cautious of him, her, it vta tapānw is lit up vii tpāqtw loves, likes it; tries to keep it; is wary, cautious of it vti1 is lit up vii wāqsāhkonw tapātam lights things up; illuminates, lights up vai1 sees him, her, it well; likes the looks of him, her, it, wāqsāhkonnekw regards him, her, it favorably vta menuapamw shows light, color; is lit up vii wāqsāhkonaww sees it well; likes the looks of it, regards it favorably; has throws light on him, her, it, lights him, her, it up vta a good dream vision vti1 menuapahtam wāqnenw tastes good, is liked (its taste) vai2 wēhkeqcekāsow
133 tastes good, is liked (its taste) vii wēhkeqcekātw liquid) vii tpepiw limb is full of liquid vai1 mesēwpīw shoulder; large limb, branch of a tree ni ohthkwan is full of liquid vai1 mōskenpīw limp (N) is full of liquid vii mesēwpīw walks with a limp vai1 kīhkīqtohnw is full of liquid vii mōskenpīw limp (V) is gritty liquid vii pīkākamiw limps, is lame vai7 kīqcenokan is oily, greasy liquid vii pemīwākamiw limps vai1 kīhkīqcekatw is soaking wet, is slimy liquid vii osāqsapoww line (fishing) touches him, her, it with liquid vta phsepinw fishline ni kohkāneyap liquor linen brings liquor, whiskey vai1 pītāphkow white cloth, cotton, linen; bedsheet ni wāpeskikan listen liniment is listened to, obeyed vai2 phtācekasow liniment, ointment ni sesūpīnekan is listened to, obeyed vii phtācekatw liniment, ointment ni sesūpīneswan is listened to vai2 nākasōhcekasow puts liniment on him or herself vai2 sesūpīnesow is listened to vii nākasōhcekatw rubs liquid on him, her, it by hand, puts liniment on listens carefully to him, her, it vta māmenonhtaww him, her, it vta sesūpīnw listens carefully to it vti1 māmenonhtam rubs liquid on it by hand, puts liniment on it vti1 listens for a sound, for the sound of someone vai1 sesūpīnam natōhtawsew lion listens to him, her, it vta nākasōhtaww bobcat, wildcat, lynx, lion, tiger na pesēw listens to it vti1 nākasōhtam lip listens to something vai1 nākasōhcekw has a scar, scab on his, her, its mouth or lip vai7 listens to, heeds, obeys him, her, it vta phtāww omketon listens to, heeds, obeys it vti1 phtām has swollen lips vai7 pāhseton listens, heeds vai1 phtāwsew liquid tries to hear, listens for it, listens for the sound of it vti1 contains enough liquid to cover the bottom vai1 sesūpīw natōhtam contains enough liquid to cover the bottom vii sesūpīw tries to hear, listens for the sound of him, her, it vta fills it with liquid vta mōskenpyanw natōhtaww fills it with liquid vti2 mōskenpyataw listener goes under, goes into a liquid vii khtāpīskaw listener na nākasōhtam is a strong liquid vii maskāwākamiw little is a tasty liquid vii wēhkapoww little, a little, a little bit part mnawac is a warm liquid; is warm water vii kīsuakamiw Little Oconto River is clean liquid vii pīnākamiw Little Oconto River; South Branch place name is cool liquid, cool water vii tahkīkamiw Okāqtōhsh is dirty liquid vii wīnākamiw live (V) is full of liquid; goes in, fills a vessel without overflow (a is in a partnership; lives with other people vai1 liquid) vai1 tpepiw ānhkom-enōtw is full of liquid; goes in, fills a vessel without overflow (a live together; are married to each other vai2
134 wēkehtowak six sticks, spools, rolls, loaves ni nekūtuasetāhnuahtek lives (somewhere) vai1 wēkew so many sticks, spools, loaves ni tahnuahtek lives by the shore, bank of it, near it (a body of water) ten spools, sticks, loaves ni metātahnuahtek vti1 wīkiahtam three sticks, spools, loaves ni nqnuahtek lives in it (a tree) vti1 owīkiaqtam two sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīsuahtek lives with his wife's parents vai1 nohāhkapew lock (V) lives with someone, people; gets, is married vai1 closes it (something solid) up; closes it with something wēkemeww solid; locks him, her, it up, jails him or her vta lives vai1 pemātesew kepāhkwahw lives vii pemātesemakat locks arms with him or her vta nāpenhkinw makes him, her, it live, restores him, her, it to life, saves locks it by key vti1 kaskāphkaham his, her, its life, cures him, her, it vta pemācehw locks things by key, locks up the house vai1 makes it live vti2 pemācehtaw kaskāphkahekw sits near it; sits, lives on it vti1 apēqtam shuts him or herself in; is shut in, locked up vai2 live with kepāhkwahosow lives with him, her, it; is married to him or her vta lock in wēkemw locks him or herself in by accident vai2 liver nahpātāhkwahosow (someone's) liver, a liver dni ohkōn locks him, her, it in by accident vta nahpātāhkwahw my liver dni nhkōn locust liverleaf locust na athsekw liverleaf, liverwort vii payīqsānhkikh lodge lizard long-lodge, long-house ni kenōhtem lizard na ohkāc-kenūpikōhsh round lodge ni wākenikān load (N) log (N) cannot manage his or her pack, his or her load is too drives logs down the current, river-drives vai1 heavy for him or her vai1 puawanw miahocekw takes, carries a load on his, her, its back vai2 nayāhow wooden house, log house ni mqtekikan load (V) log (V) does his or her loading vai2 pōsehtāqsow cuts trees down, does logging, logs vai2 kēskahāhkow fills, loads, stuffs it vta onāskenanw logger fills, loads, stuffs it vti2 onāskenatāw logger na kēskahāhkow is filled, loaded, stuffed vai1 onāskenw logging is filled, loaded, stuffed vii onāskenw cuts trees down, does logging, logs vai2 kēskahāhkow puts, takes, loads him, her, it (animate) on a vessel, logging, logging camp ni kīskahāhkwan vehicle; gives him or her a ride vta pōsehw loneliness puts, takes, loads it on a vessel or vehicle vti2 pōsehtaw relieves his or her loneliness by giving him or her companionship vta nqtashkaww loaf five sticks, spools, loaves ni niananuahtek lonely four sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīwuahtek is lonely, lonesome vai1 nanīqtaksew one stick, spool, roll, loaf ni nekūtuahtek is lonely, lonesome vii nanīqtakat
135 lonesome late, after a long time part nawh is lonely, lonesome vii nanīqtakat long ago, a long time ago part ahkanom sits, dwells lonesomely vai1 nanīqtakapew not on time; not for a long time part kan nanās lonesomely so far; so long a time prev c- sings lonesomely vai2 nanīqtakahamasow stays at it for a long time, sticks patiently to it vti1 long sīpnehtam grows long, tall vai1 kenīkew takes a long time at his or her movement, action, work grows long, tall vii kenīken vai1 sēpeskaceqtaw has long hair vai1 kakānuaneckow longing is long, tall; takes a long time vai1 kenōsew desires, has a longing vai2 akāwānesow is long, tall vai1 kenuahkosew longjohns is long; is a long stick, solid vii kenuahkwat underwear, underclothes, longjohns ni pēhtōskakan is long vii kenīw long-winded is so long vii ahkīw endures, persists a long time; has good wind, endurance (at running); talks a lot, is long-winded, verbose vai1 pulls it out long, stretches it as cloth with his or her sēpēw hands vti1 sīpīkenam makes it lengthy, long-winded vti2 sēpeskacehnetāw so far, so long, to such a degree, to that degree part ahpēc look (appear) so far, so long, to such a degree, to that degree prev appears so, looks so vai1 enāpamenākesew ahpēc- appears so, looks so vii enāpamenākwat long ago looks attractive vai1 menuapamenākesew long ago, ever since long ago part kyas looks attractive vii menuapamenākwat long for looks bad, looks funny vai1 matāpamenākesew longs for him, her, it vta akāwānw looks bad vii matāpamenākwat longs for it vti1 akāwātam looks clean vii pīnenakwat longs for something; lusts after something vai1 looks clear vii cīhkenakwat akāwācekw looks dirty vii wīnenakwat misses his, her, its presence, longs for him, her, it; he or looks evil, unpromising vai1 macēnākosew she calls out for him, her, it in vain vta kīnomw looks evil, unpromising vii macīnākwat misses its presence, longs for it; he or she calls out for it looks funny vai1 tmakanakosew in vain vti1 kīnotam looks good, pretty, is looking well vai1 menīnākosew long time looks good, pretty vii menīnākwat at first, formerly, a long time ago, at the beginning, in looks hopeless, forlorn, unusable vii kūhpacenākwat the beginning part yawes looks like that vai1 esēnākosew endures, persists a long time; has good wind, endurance looks like that vii esīnākwat (at running); talks a lot, is long-winded, verbose vai1 looks miserable, pitiful, run-down vii ketmākenakwat sēpēw looks splendid vai1 nanāh-pakācenakosew far, distant; a long time part wāqnaw looks splendid vii nanāh-pakācenakwat for a long time, since a long time ago; it is a long time since part kenīs looks strange vii mayākenakwat is long, tall; takes a long time vai1 kenōsew
136 look (N) her, it before going or acting vta nawāsāpamw sees him, her, it well; likes the looks of him, her, it, looks at him, her, it vta wāpamw regards him, her, it favorably vta menuapamw looks at it from there vti1 ohsāpahtam sees it well; likes the looks of it, regards it favorably; has looks at it that way; looks at it in that direction; has a a good dream vision vti1 menuapahtam dream about it vti1 enāpahtam look (V) looks at it to see what's going on, looks at it before goes to look over his or her traps vai1 nātaqnonākanw going, acting vti1 nawāsāpahtam is looked for in vain vii kīnawapamenākwat looks at it; reads it; reads; goes to school vti1 wāpahtam knows things by sight; looks carefully; reads vai1 looks at something, takes a look before going, acting pakāhkapāhcekw vai1 nawāsāpahcekw learns it by observation, by looking on vti1 looks at the clock vai1 tepāhekīsuqniw khkēnawapahtam looks at, observes him, her, it vta cēqnapamw look! excl nāh looks at, observes it vti1 cēqnapāhtam looks around by turning his, her, its eyes vai1 looks, peeps at him, her, it from under something vta kēwatawāpew nkuapamw looks back at him, her, it; is on guard against him, her, it looks, peeps at it from under something vti1 vta esāpamw nkuapahtam looks back at it; is on guard against it vti1 esāpahtam makes him or her look at something; shows him or her looks back vai1 esāpahcekw something vta wāpahtnw looks in a mirror vai2 wāpemepyasow sees him, her, it coming, goes, comes to look at him, looks in vain to see him, her, it vta kīnawapamw her, it vta pīsāpamw looks in vain to see it vti1 kīnawapahtam sees it coming, goes, comes to look at it vti1 pīsāpahtam looks on it as evil; sees an evil vision; catches it out of look for the corner of his or her eye vti1 masāpahtam is looked for in vain vai1 kīnawapamenākesew looks up, looks vai1 anāpew looks for him, her, it with a light vta natuaqnenw looks up vai1 tāqtanapew looks for it with a light vti1 natuaqnenam opens his, her, its eyes to look vai1 pāhkatawāpew looks for something for him, her, it; hunts for his, her, searches for, looks for him, her, it vta natōnhw its benefit vta natāwēqtaww tries to look, opens his, her, its eyes, looks vai1 looks for something vai1 natāwāpahcekw natāwāpew looks for something vai1 natōnhekw look after looks for, looks to see him, her, it vta natāwāpamw plans for him, her, it; takes care of, looks after him, her, looks for, looks to see it vti1 natāwāpahtam it vta pemāhkonw places him, her, it that way; looks for lice on his, her, its plans for it; takes care of, looks after it vti1 head vta enāqnw pemāhkonam look in on look at comes and looks in on him, her, it, pays him, her, it a is busy looking at him, her, it vta otāmāpamw visit vta pōhpyapamw is busy looking at it vti1 otāmāpahtam look on looks at him, her, it from there vta ohsāpamw looks on vai1 wāpew looks at him, her, it that way vta enāpamw sees someone, people; looks on; visits vai2 nwekow looks at him, her, it to see what's going on, looks at him,
137 look over loses, mislays it vti1 wannam carefully looks him, her, it over vta māmenonāpamw lose bearings carefully looks it over vti1 māmenonāpahtam loses his, her, its bearings, gets disoriented vai1 lookout wanēkhkewqtaw watches for things, is on the lookout, keeps watch vai1 lose footing ahkōnhcekw loses his or her footing vti1 panāhkīskam loon loss loon na muak is regrettably destroyed, lost; is a great loss vai7 loose nanīhsen gets him, her, it loose; loses, loses track of, mislays him, lost her, it, forgets where he or she has put him, her, it vta entirely alone, lost part wawān wanēhsemw gets lost in the grass vai7 wanāskehsen gets it loose; loses, loses track of, mislays it, forgets gets, is lost; disappears vai7 wanēhsen where he or she has put it vti2 wanēhnetaw is lost, dies as a regrettable exception, when all others gets soaked; soaks loose, gets pliable from soaking vai1 are well vai7 mnwehsen āpowēqsew is regrettably destroyed, lost; is a great loss vai7 gets soaked; soaks loose, gets pliable from soaking vii nanīhsen āpowēqnen lots has a loose fit of it vti1 wēhpeskam much, many, a lot, lots part mqseh pries it (something solid) loose; pries it loose from loud something solid vti1 oniahkwaham makes a loud noise with reverberation; makes noisy talk pulls him, her, it loose; quickly unties him, her, it vta vai1 pahpāqsiwksew phkīponw louse pulls it loose; quickly unties it vti2 phkīpotaw has lice vai1 othkomew soaks it loose, pliable vta āpowēqnemw louse na akuah soaks it loose, pliable vti2 āpowēqnetaw places him, her, it that way; looks for lice on his, her, its loosen head vta enāqnw loosens the soil; hoes, cultivates vai2 paskuahahkow love (N) lose uses medicine on him, her, it; uses a love charm on him, gets him, her, it loose; loses, loses track of, mislays him, her, it vta maskīhkiwahw her, it, forgets where he or she has put him, her, it vta love (V) wanēhsemw is loved, well-liked vai1 tapānakosew gets it loose; loses, loses track of, mislays it, forgets likes, loves him, her, it vta menīnemw where he or she has put it vti2 wanēhnetaw likes, loves it vti1 menīnehtam gets lost in the grass vii wanāskehnn love each other vai2 tapānetowak gets, is lost, disappears vii wanēhnen loves to fight with people vai1 mēkāthkiww is regrettably lost, wasted vai1 nanāwesew loves, likes him, her, it; tries to keep him, her, it; is is regrettably lost, wasted vii nanāwat wary, cautious of him, her, it vta tapānw loses his or her memory vai2 wanēhkeckow loves, likes it; tries to keep it; is wary, cautious of it vti1 loses his, her, its way, has lost his, her, its way vai1 tapātam wāwēw loses, mislays him, her, it vta wannw
138 lover my lover dna nēnemōhsw low grows, is flat, low, short vai1 tapāhsekew grows, is flat, low, short vii tapāhsekn M is short; is a short stick, a low tree vii taskuahkwat lower (V) lowers him, her, it by hand, takes him, her, it down vta mad pennw gets mad, angry vai2 wpeketāsow lowers him, her, it by hand vta nāsenw sulks, is mad vai1 nānhkwapew lowers him, her, it from his or her back vta penōmw maggot lowers it by hand, takes it down vti1 pennam maggot na ūhkiw lowers it by hand vti1 nāsenam maggoty lowers it from his or her back vti1 penōhtam is maggoty vai1 ūhkiwew luck is maggoty vii ūhkiwew has bad luck vai1 maqnakosew mail lucky small piece of paper, writing, card, mail, letter ni is pitied, blessed, lucky vai1 sawnehtakosew masēnahekhsh it's a good thing, it's lucky, fortunately, by lucky chance maintain part khkemen has, maintains, keeps, owns it, has it on hand vta tanw lunch has, maintains, keeps, owns it; has it on hand vti1 tanām food taken along on a journey; lunch ni nīmān is kept, maintained vai2 kanāwehcekāsow is right overhead, it is noon; eats lunch vai2 nāwahkow is kept, maintained vii kanāwehcekātw lunchroom ni mēcehsow pīhtawīhkenekan maintains, supports, keeps, takes care of him, her, it vta takes along lunch, provisions vai1 nīmāw kanāwehw lunchroom maintains, supports, keeps, takes care of it vti2 lunchroom phrase mīcehsowikamek pīhtawīhkenekan kanāwehtaw lung maize my lung; on one side dni nhpān has its tassels out (a maize plant) vai7 sākanāhkehsen lupine make lupine ni psekokasiwas acts excessively upon it, abuses it; makes, takes, gets too much of it vti2 osāmehtaw lust (V) longs for something; lusts after something vai1 has control over him or herself; makes him or herself do akāwācekw something; can manage, get along vai2 wīhkihsow is made of many ingredients vii mānwenekātw lye lye na/ni phkuapow is made vai2 osēhcekasow is made vii osēhcekatw lynx bobcat, wildcat, lynx, lion, tiger na pesēw makes a pack, bundle of it vta mēwanhkanw lynx na ketākāpos makes a pack, bundle of it vti1 mēwanhkatam makes him, her, it so vta esēhw makes him, her, itself out so, pretends so vai2
139 esiahkasow miasenāqnw makes it hurriedly; makes him, her, it hurry, go fast vta makes light of, makes fun of it vti2 miasenāqtaw wwēpehw make light of makes it hurriedly; makes it hurry, go fast vti2 makes light of, makes fun of him, her, it vta wwēpehtaw miasenāqnw makes it, makes it in that manner vti2 esēhtaw makes light of, makes fun of it vti2 miasenāqtaw makes it; gets him, her, it into shape, ready; deals with make noise him, her, it vta osēhw makes a loud noise with reverberation vii makes it; gets it into shape, ready vti2 osēhtaw pahpāqsiwkat makes something, makes things; gets things ready vai1 makes a noise, report; discharges (a gun); there is a osēhcekw report, sound (of a gun) vii ketōww makes, builds it rapidly vti2 kesiahtaw makes an annoying noise vti1 mianātītam makes, does it skillfully; gets it; hunts with a jacklight makes it make noise by means of a stick; plays music on vti2 nhēhtaw it (any instrument); plays on it (a violin) with a bow vti1 makes, has much of it, many of them vta mānhw kāketopīham makes, has much of it, many of them vti2 mānhtaw makes it make noise by means of a stick; plays music on pushes him, her, it; forces, makes, urges him or her vta it (any instrument) vta kāketopīhw kāhtenw makes noise at him, her, it there; talks much to him, her, it vta tanīwmw make a face jerks around, struggles; acts excited; makes a face vai1 makes noise from there vti1 ohtītam mācehkīskaw makes noise on it with something vti1 tanīwham makes a funny face vai1 nīskehkīqtaw makes noise that way, makes such a sound vai1 make a false move enīwkesew makes a false move, slips up in his or her action or makes noise that way, makes such a sound vii enīwkat work, makes a mistake vai1 kēwāceqtaw makes noise there, makes noise vti1 tanītam make a fire makes noise with something vai1 tanīwhekw builds a fire, makes the fire; menstruates vai1 pōtaww make the bed makes a fire with, of, on, under him, her, it vta is put in place, in order; it (table) is set; it (bed) is made pōtawanw up vii onāqcekatw makes a fire with, of, on, under it vti1 pōtawatam puts it right, in place, in order, arranges it; sets it (for makes a fire, lights a lamp vai1 sakāqsahkw example, a table, a thermostat); makes it up (a bed) vti2 makes a fire vai1 eskōthkw onāqtaw make a mess make tracks makes a mess of what he, she, it is doing vai1 makes small tracks vti1 papēwekonham nqswanāceqtaw makes tracks here and there vti1 papāmekonham make believe makes tracks here, towards here; lead here, towards pretends, makes believe, imagines vai2 enuasow here (his, her, its tracks) vti1 pīhkonham make fun of make trouble makes fun of him or herself vai2 miasenāqsow gives him or her trouble, makes trouble for him or her vta nīskehw makes fun of something vai2 miasenāqsow makes trouble for people vai1 nīskeheww makes light of, makes fun of him, her, it vta
140 make up (mind) it; gets, earns it; manages it vta wīhkihw makes up his or her mind about it, decides it vti1 has control over him or herself; makes him or herself do kēsnehtam something; can manage, get along vai2 wīhkihsow makes up his, her, its mind, resigns him, her, itself vai2 keeps even, manages to get along vai2 tepianesow pakētnemow manitou make well spirit, manitou; being or person with special power; cures, heals, relieves him, her, it; makes him, her, it animal na awtok well; relieves him, her, it of want vta ennīhw Manitowoc male Manitowoc (WI) place name Manetōwak male animal; stag, buck na ayāpw manner male na nāpw there, towards there; in that manner prev es- mallard many mallard na msēqsep has much of it, many of them vta mānanw man has much of it, many of them vti2 mānataw are big, strong, muscular men vai1 how much, many is it? pro tāq-nekoh mamāhkapwsewak is numerous; there is much of it, a lot of it, there are big man, old man na mc-enniw many of them, a lot of them vai1 mānw generous man, good fellow na matākonniw is numerous; there is much of it, a lot of it, there are is a man vai1 enniwew many of them, a lot of them vii mānt is a young man vai1 wskennīw is so many, so much vii tahnn is an old man; is senile vai1 kqc-enniwew is so much, so many vai1 tahsēw learned man na nepuahkawenniw leaves too many, very many tracks vti1 osāmekonham male person older than I dna nqnh makes, has much of it, many of them vta mānhw man of Zoar Settlement na saqnawehnenōwenniw makes, has much of it, many of them vti2 mānhtaw man; husband; king (playing card); brave man na much, many, a lot, lots part mqseh enniw so many groups, sets, pairs, nations part tahnīwān my old man, my husband na nēc-kqc-enniw so many, that number part tahnīw old man na kqc-enniw so many, that number prev tahnīw- single man, bachelor na mōsāpwew so much, that much, so many, that many part enenekoh young man na wayskennīt so much, this much, so many, this many part yōnekoh young man na wskenenīt map manage mark, sign; map ni khkēwhcekan controls, manages, gets, earns it for him or her vta maple wīhkihtuww boils something down; boils maple sap to make sugar easily overcomes, manages him, her, it vta miasehw vai2 ehksiahkow easily overcomes, manages it, does it easily vti2 boils up maple sap vai2 ohpīkamesiahkow miasehtaw bridge for the sap of the maple tree ni nkuahkohcekan fails, gives up, cannot manage vai2 ānawehsow cake, piece of maple sugar ni pahkuatenekan gets control over, controls, compels it; gets, earns it; is tapped for sap (a maple tree) vai2 osēkahekāsow manages, can do it vti2 wīhkihtaw maple sugar ni sōpomāhtek-sōpomah gets control over, controls, convinces, compels him, her, maple syrup phrase sōpomāhtek-sēwākametw
141 refined maple sugar, after stirring and cooling ni are married to each other vai2 owiahtowak nkāwahekātw has (someone as) a wife or husband, is married vai1 river maple na sīpiah-sōpomāhtek wēwew sugar maple na sōpomāhtek keep, support each other; are married to each other vai2 sugar sap, maple syrup ni sūpomāhkwapoh pemēhetowak taps maple trees for sugar sap vai2 osēkahāqsow live together; are married to each other vai2 trough for maple sap; sugar camp ni aqnopiakan wēkehtowak lives with him, her, it; is married to him or her vta marble marble na sātēhsh wēkemw lives with someone, people; gets, is married vai1 March wēkemeww March na Wanw-kēsoq married person na wēkemeww mark (N) stands, stands up; get married vai1 nēpowew graphic mark, letter of the alphabet, piece of writing ni asāqcekan takes, has a young wife; is newly married vai1 oskhkiww has (something as) a distinguishing mark vai1 okhkewhcekanew marsh mark, sign; map ni khkēwhcekan little mound, as in a marsh ni phkuahkamekat marking, mark; picture ni asāqswan marsh grass, marsh hay ni anāmas marsh, marshland ni asīkanīhsehkiw mark (V) is marked, has markings vai2 khkēwhcekasow small marsh with water ni wānaskat is marked, has markings vii khkēwhcekatw marshy is marked, written on; is depicted; is written vii is marshy land vii asīkanīhsehkiw asāqcekatw marvel (V) is marked, written on; is depicted vai2 asāqcekasow marvels at him, her, it vta māmahkatnemw is marked; is pictured, depicted, written vii asāqtw marvelous is marked; is pictured, depicted vai2 asāqsow is marvelous vai1 māmahkatsew marks him, her, it; depicts him, her, it vta onāsaqnw is marvelous vii māmahkatat marks him, her, it; draws, depicts, takes a picture of marvelous, wonderful, a marvelous state of affairs part him, her, it vta asāqnw mamātāwahkamek marks him, her, it vta khkēwhw mash marks it; depicts it vti2 onāsaqtaw smashes, mashes it vta sāqsakwahw marks it vti2 khkēwhtaw smashes, mashes it vti1 sāqsakwaham writes it, marks it; draws it, depicts it, takes a picture of smashes, mashes something vai1 sāqsakwahekw it vti2 asāqtaw master controls, owns, keeps him, her, it; is master over him, marksman is a marksman, a good shot vai1 nāpaqtw her, it vta tepnemw controls, owns, keeps it; is master over it vti1 marriage certificate tepnehtam promise, agreement; marriage certificate, legal deed ni wāwīhtamatwan mat lays a mat, mats vai2 anāhkow marry are married to each other vai2 kanāwehtowak lays mats, makes a floor for, of, in, on it, puts a floor in
142 it (a house) vti2 anāhkīhtaw mean (A) lays mats, places a rug vai1 anāhkīhcekw is bothersome, mean, annoying vai1 lays out matting or bedding, prepares a bed vai1 wēyātnehtakosew onānāhkīhcekw is mean, unpleasant, cross vai1 wēyātesew mat, floor-mat ni anāhkyan meaning mat, rug, carpet, flooring ni anāhkīhcekan makes him or herself understand what is said, figures out the meaning of something vai2 nenōhtensow match (N) match ni eskōthsh meantime of course, naturally, as is to be expected; in the match (V) matches, equals him, her, it; makes him, her, it equal meantime part pāhpesew vta tepātōhw meanwhile matches, equals it; makes it equal vti1 tepātōham on ahead a ways; meanwhile part ahpēqc matches, equals things, something vai1 tepātōhekw measles has the measles vai1 mhkuahakw mature (A) gets, has hard kernels, is mature (Indian corn) vai2 measles ni mhkuahakan maskāweqkow measure (N) grows to maturity, is mature vai1 kēsekew measure, mile, yard; time, hour ni tepāhekan maturity ruler, measure ni kotāpyacekan raises him, her, it to maturity vta kēsekehw measure (V) raises it to maturity vti2 kēsekēhtaw measures it vta kotāpyanw maul measures it vti2 kotāpyataw sledgehammer, maul ni mc-pakāhcekan measures something vai1 kotāpyacekw May runs measuring his, her, its pace or steps vai4 may, might, perhaps, let it be, would have (but didn't), ahpēhcepāhtaw possibility, contingency part pas meat May na Kqc-Mānīh Okēsoqnoman chopped stuff; chopped meat, hash ni pēqsahekan May na Pāhkwan-kēsoq fat or fat meat on a slaughtered animal, piece of fat na/ni wēnen May apple lemon, orange, May apple; orange (color) ni is all meat (with no fat or bones) vii mūsīwakat asktmen makes a roast, smokes meat for him or herself vai2 orange; lemon; May apple, mandrake ni mesktmen apuahsow maybe meat, flesh ni mēcemēhsh by some chance, maybe, possibly part kawenakat meat-market, butcher shop ni mēcemēhshkamik maybe, it may be; probably part mkuac raw meat, fresh meat ni askīwakan maybe, or maybe part kmāw store of provisions (especially preserved meat) ni maybe, perhaps, possibly part nāwenāqs āqtopwan maybe, perhaps part kanapac venison ni aphsos-mēcemēhsh possibly, perhaps, maybe part konemāw medicine female doctor; medicine woman, herb woman na meadowlark maskīhkīwenniahkiw prairie chicken; meadowlark na nahthkqnhsh hunting charm, hunting medicine ni nīmaskwan
143 is a medicine vai1 maskīhkiwew Menominee language phrase omqnomenēw kīketwan is a medicine vii maskīhkiwew Menominee person na omqnomenēw medicine man, doctor na maskīhkīwenniw Menominee woman na omqnomeniahkiw medicine, herb; clinic na maskīhkiw my fellow Menominee na nēc-omqnomenew uses medicine on him, her, it; uses a love charm on him, sounds Menominee, is in Menominee vii her, it vta maskīhkiwahw omqnomenīwīwhnen uses medicine on it vti1 maskīhkiwaham speaks Menominee vai1 omqnomenēweqnsew wrapped thing; medicine in a package ni menstruate wiahkīhpenekan builds a fire, makes the fire; menstruates vai1 pōtaww medicine man menstruates idiom akuaceh pōtaww medicine man, doctor na maskīhkīwenniw mention medicine woman gives him, her, it a name; calls, mentions him, her, it by female doctor; medicine woman, herb woman na name vta wēhnw maskīhkīwenniahkiw gives it a name, calls it by name; mentions, tells, says it; meet reads it vti1 wēhtam meet each other vai2 meyāhkyatowak is heard, brought up, mentioned vai1 nōhtakosew meets him, her, it vta meyāhkiww Merganser melon fish duck, sawbill duck, Merganser na osēh melon; watermelon ni askīmhkwan merlin melt pigeon hawk, merlin na pakāhcekw melts vai2 nhksow Mesqwakie melts vii nhktw Mesqwakie (Fox) Indian na meskwahkīy memory mess (N) loses his or her memory vai2 wanēhkeckow dirties something, things, makes a mess vai1 mend (V) wēnehcekw does mending for people vai1 sakāskahāqseww makes a mess of things, lives in a confused way vai1 mends, patches it vta sakāskahw nqswanātahkameksew mends, patches it vti1 sakāskaham makes a mess of what he, she, it is doing vai1 mends, patches things vai1 sakāskahekw nqswanāceqtaw makes him, her, it (animate) confused; makes a mess of Menominee it vta nqswanācehw addresses him, her, it in Menominee vta omqnomenēwenotaww makes it confused, makes a mess of it vti2 nqswanācehtaw in the Menominee country ni omqnomenēw-ahkīheh mixes it up, makes a mess of it by going around, is a Menominee, becomes or is like a Menominee vai1 trampling vta nqswanāshkaww omqnomenēwew mixes it up, makes a mess of it by going around, makes it Menominee, translates it into Menominee vti2 trampling vti1 nqswanāshkam omqnomenēwehnetāw Menominee girl, young woman na mess (V) messes him, her, it with his or her feet, disorders him, omqnomeniahkīhsh her, it by passing through, by trampling vta Menominee language omqnomenēweqnsewen ohpskaww Menominee language ni omqnomenēweqnsen messes it with his or her feet, disorders it by passing
144 through, by trampling vti1 ohpskam might part -h mess up mile gets things messed up by stepping, trampling vai1 measure, mile, yard; time, hour ni tepāhekan ohpskacekw milk (N) messes things up by going around, trampling vai1 chocolate milk ni osāwīk nōnākanp nqswanāshkacekw curds, curdled milk ni maskāwehnn message milk cow na sēnenekāsow takes a message to a place vai2 nātācemow milk ni nōnākanp tells him or her the news, message, story to the end; sour milk ni sēwehnn arrives with the message for him or her vta thin milk, skim milk ni nōnākanp-nepēw piatwācemīqtaww milk (V) messy does his or her milking, milks a cow vai2 sēnenāqsow is disorderly, messy, always makes a dirty mess; is a gets milked (a cow) vai2 sēnenekāsow dirty, messy worker vai2 wēneqtāckow squeezes him, her, it in his or her hand; milks her (the works in a messy way, botches his or her work vai1 cow) vta sēnenw wēneqtaw milkweed metal milkweed na annawīsh is red-hot stone or metal vai2 mhkuaphkesow Milky Way is red-hot stone or metal vii mhkuaphketw Milky Way ni cēpay-mīhekan is smooth stone or metal vai1 osāqsaphkesew mill is smooth stone or metal vii osāqsaphkat mill, sawmill, factory na paqsepocekan small iron or metal object; telephone, can, wire, sawmill, mill, factory na pahpāqsepocekan telegraph ni ohkōmānēhsh Milwaukee meteor Milwaukee place name Mnwah meteor ni cīhkwan mink middle mink skin na sāhkīhsewakom in the middle of the group part nānāweyaw mink na sāhkih in the middle, along the center part nāweyaw minnow in the middle part nanāw chub, minnow na otūnepih right in the middle part nāwīn mint Middle Village peppermint ni thkikamīk Middle Village place name Nanāweyah wild mint ni namwaskōhsh midnight minute half of the night, midnight ni āphtaw-tephkah minute, second; acre ni tepāhekhsh is midnight vii āphtaw-tephkat minute ni tepāhekanēhsh midwife miracle nurse, midwife na kāqteneww does wonders to him, her, it, performs a miracle on him, might her, it; makes him, her, it wonderful vta may, might, perhaps, let it be, would have (but didn't), mantōwehw possibility, contingency part pas does wonders to it, performs a miracle on it; makes it might, ought to, must, is said to prev cew- wonderful vti2 mantōwehtaw
145 does wonders, performs a miracle vai1 by being too late vta kaphkehsemw mantōwehcekw lets it go past; misses (the time for) it by being too late mirage vti2 kaphkehnetāw is a mirage, there is a mirage vii otqcyakīhnen misses him, her, it by coming too late vta mire kashkaww sinks into mud, is mired vai7 nōpecēskewhsen misses him, her, it by shooting too late vta sinks into mud, is mired vii nōpecēskewhnen kashkenaww mirror misses him, her, it in shooting vta peskōnaww looks in a mirror vai2 wāpemepyasow misses his, her, its presence, longs for him, her, it; he or mirror ni wāpemepyaswan she calls out for him, her, it in vain vta kīnomw misses it by coming too late vti1 kashkam mischievous is foolish, mischievous; is licentious, immoral vai1 misses it by shooting too late vti1 kashkenam wanēnwesew misses it in shooting vti1 peskōnam miserable misses its presence, longs for it; he or she calls out for it feels miserable vai1 macēnawsew in vain vti1 kīnotam is in a miserable, pitiful state; is poor; is emaciated vai1 Mississippi River ketmākesew Mississippi River place name Mhsesēpēw looks miserable, pitiful, run-down vii ketmākenakwat mistake makes him, her, it miserable; ruins him, her, it vta by mistake part wīhkawāqc ketmahw by mistake prev wīhkawāqc- miserly makes a false move, slips up in his or her action or is stingy, miserly vai1 pūseciw work, makes a mistake vai1 kēwāceqtaw misfortune makes a mistake in speaking a foreign language vai1 is disappointing, has a fault; some misfortune happens kēwātaww vii mnwat makes a mistake in speaking vai1 kēwāceqnsew misinform makes a mistake vai1 konpāceqtaw rubs him, her, it with something; paints, daubs, smears, narrates wrongly, makes a mistake in telling his or her anoints him, her, it; misinforms, fools him or her vta story vai2 kēwācemow sesuahw mistakenly mislay mistakenly, wrong part kēwāc gets him, her, it loose; loses, loses track of, mislays him, speaks falsely, wrongly, mistakenly vai2 kēwanmow her, it, forgets where he or she has put him, her, it vta speaks wrongly, mistakenly vai1 kēwanetonskaw wanēhsemw talks wrongly, mistakenly; talks indecently vai1 gets it loose; loses, loses track of, mislays it, forgets konpāceqnsew where he or she has put it vti2 wanēhnetaw thinks wrongly, mistakenly of him, her, it vta loses, mislays him, her, it vta wannw kēwannemw loses, mislays it vti1 wannam thinks wrongly, mistakenly of it vti1 kēwannehtam miss (V) mistreat fumbles, misses him, her, it as he or she grabs vta acts excessively upon him, her, it, makes, takes, gets too panēponw much of him, her, it; mistreats him, her, it vta fumbles, misses it as he or she grabs vti2 panēpotaw osāmehw lets him, her, it go past; misses (the time for) him, her, it
146 misty mom there is a misty rain vii awāhepīqnen mother, mom, mommy na māmāh misunderstand moment misunderstands it vti1 kēwāshtam just a moment ago, soon, later; wait a minute; it was mitten after a bit, it was just now part kanew mitten, glove na naqnh Monday mix is Monday vii kīsenianāmehēh-kēsekat is mixed in, used as an ingredient vai2 kōnonekāsow Monday ni kīsenianāmehēh-kēsekat is mixed in, used as an ingredient vii kōnonekātw money mixes in herbs vai1 kūnwahāskecekw bounty money ni mīnetwan mixes it in vta kenkenw collects money from him or her, duns him or her vta mixes it in vta kōnonw nātesenhekuww mixes it in vta kūnwahw earns money vai1 sūniyanhkw mixes it in vti1 kenkenam falls short of him, her, it; does not have sufficient means (especially, money) to get him, her, it vta mixes it in vti1 kōnonam nūsiahkaww mixes it in vti1 kūnwaham falls short of it; does not have sufficient means mixes it up, makes a mess of it by going around, (especially, money) to get it vti1 nūsiahkam trampling vta nqswanāshkaww gets control of something; gets or earns something, mixes it up, makes a mess of it by going around, earns money vii wīhkihcekmakat trampling vti1 nqswanāshkam gets control of something; gets, earns something, earns mixes it with other herbs vta kūnwahāskenw money vai1 wīhkihcekw mixes it with other herbs vti1 kūnwahāsketam has money vai1 sūniyanmew mixes it, them in whole vta kenkecinw money, coin, dollar, silver ni sūniyan mixes it, them in whole vti1 kenkecinam owes him or her money vta masīnahekuww mixes things in, uses ingredients vai1 kōnonekw sits high and dry; is entirely without funds, has no moccasin money vai1 payhkwapew leather shoe, moccasin ni onūkīhsahksen monkey moccasin, shoe ni māhkesen monkey na tomhkomhsiw moccasin, shoe ni mahksen monotonous shoelace, moccasin lace ni asēhpes dislikes dealing with, frequenting him, her, it; finds him, mockingbird her, it monotonous, tiresome vta sekāciahkaww mockingbird na mahkāh dislikes dealing with, frequenting it; finds it moist monotonous, tiresome vti1 sekāciahkam is moist, damp vii otākīw month moist ground ni otākāmhkat sun, moon, star; month na kēsoq moist place ni otākahkamekat moon moisture December; moon na Nīpāteph-kēsoq wetness, moisture ni ahkīqnen moon na nīpāteph-kēsoq moldy moon na teph-kēsoq is moldy vai1 penwew scorching moon na ocēqtaw-kēsoq is moldy vii penwew
147 sets, goes down (sun, moon, star) vai1 nīw mother-in-law sun, moon, star; month na kēsoq my mother-in-law dna neskihsh moonlight motion there is moonlight vii wāqsekōhtw gets into motion, starts to move, move off vii mācīmakat moose motionless moose na mōs lies still, falls and lies motionless vai7 kanācehsen more stands still, motionless vai1 kanācekapowew again, over again, back, one more; but prev yāh- motorcycle more, farther, beyond, too far part anīw rides on the back of an animal; rides a bike, motorcycle more, farther, beyond, too far prev anīw- vai2 nayōmekow more, too much part apqsek mottled over again, back, one more part yāh is mottled, spotted, of more than one color vai5 ketāken so much, so far, no more, enough, just; at any rate, of is mottled, spotted, of more than one color vii ketākīw course part kh mound morning little mound, as in a marsh ni phkuahkamekat all morning, up to noon idiom spāw hkwah mountain good morning idiom pōsōh mīp hill, mountain ni wacēw in the morning, early in the morning part mīp mourn is day, dawn, morning vii wāpan cries, mourns for him, her, it vta nawēmw lies, sleeps, stays till morning, reaches morning vai7 cries, mourns for it vti1 nawēhtam wāpanhsen mourns him, her, it vta nqtakēqtaww this morning part spāw mouse mosquito mouse na nānīhsh mosquito na sakēmw mouth mosquito-netting ni sakēmwīk comes eating him, her, it, brings him, her, it in his or turns into, is a mosquito vai1 sakēmwew her mouth vta pītamw comes eating it, brings it in his or her mouth vti1 mosquito hawk mosquito hawk na pskiq pītahtam covers, closes his or her mouth vai1 kepētonqtaw moss is covered with moss vai1 aqnāhkamekōwew draws his, her, its mouth shut; purses his, her, its lips vai1 kaskāmetonqtaw is covered with moss vii aqnāhkamekōwew gets hold of it with his or her teeth, gets it into his or her moss ni aqnāhkamek mouth vti1 tpahtam moth has a scar, scab on his, her, its mouth or lip vai7 moth na otāqsow omketon mother holds his, her, its mouth open, gapes vai1 tāwanw has (someone as) a mother vai1 okiahsew my mouth dni netōn has, treats her as a mother vta okiahsemw opens his, her, its mouth vai1 pāhketonqtaw mother, mom, mommy na māmāh puts something in his, her, its mouth vai2 mōtensow mother na okiahsemaw rinses his or her mouth vai1 kesēqneton my mother dna nekiah rinses his or her mouth vai1 kesēqnetonw
148 mouthful moves to get or regain his, her, its hold or footing vai1 deals with him, her, it at short intervals; feeds him, her, nahkīqtaw it by mouthfuls vta nanīhkacehw moves to one side vai1 īqsawhkaw takes a mouthful of it vta kuapanmw moves to one side vii īqnowskaw takes a mouthful of it vti1 kuapanhtam moves to one side vii īqsawhkaw mouthy moves trembling vai1 nenhkeqtaw talks a lot, too much, is mouthy vai1 osāmatonskaw moves upward; flies up vai1 ohpēqtaw talks too much; is boastful, insolent, mouthy vai1 moves with stiff bones vai1 sēpekanqtaw osāmetonw moves with stiff legs vai1 sēpekatqtaw move moves, acts for that reason vai1 ohcēqtaw acts, moves there; grazes there vai1 tasēqtaw moves, acts too quickly vai1 wpiaceqtaw acts, moves, does, works so vai1 esēqtaw moves, acts, does his, her, its work faultily, negligently, acts, moves, does, works so vii esēqtamakat absent-mindedly vai1 pqsekwaceqtaw gets into motion, starts to move, move off vii mācīmakat moves, acts, works in a fumbling, hesitant way vai1 goes, walks, moves into a place vai1 pīhtikskaw tatātekīqtaw handles, moves him, her, it properly vta pckenw moves, budges him, her, it vta mātenw handles, moves it properly vti1 pckenam moves, budges it vti1 mātenam jingles or rattles as he, she, it moves vai1 senāwqtaw moves, goes slowly vai1 pshkaw makes a move, budges vai1 māceqtaw moves, goes slowly vii pshkaw move together into a house, dwelling vai2 moves, goes up vai1 espēqtaw pīhtikothetowak moves, goes, climbs, gets down; goes downstairs vai1 moves along, goes on vii pemskaw penēqtaw moves backwards, backs out vai1 asīqtaw moves, goes, runs (for example, a clock or car) vai1 moves camp down to the water vai1 matāpīkosew mācīskaw moves close up vai1 aqseceqtaw moves, goes, runs vii mācīskaw moves from side to side, sways vii īnhkaw moves, goes, works poorly vii māmashkaw moves here, towards here vai1 pīshkaw moves, stirs vai1 mamāceqtaw moves here, towards here vii pīshkaw moves, stirs vii mamāceqtamakat moves his or her camp on, moves camp; comes from moves, works slowly vai1 pceqtaw one house, dwelling, place of residence to another vai1 moves vai1 osēw pemēkosew moves vii mamāshkaw moves in order to stick out; peers out vai1 sākeqtaw reaches for it, moves it by hand vti1 ensenam moves in the breeze vii sīskapetw sits facing in that direction, in that manner; moves his, moves into a house, dwelling vai2 pīhtikothow her, its seat there, towards there vai1 enātapew moves into an enclosing place; crawls in somewhere starts him, her, it moving with a kick or by pushing with vai1 khtāqtaw his or her body; shoves him, her, it vta moves into view, comes out into view from behind, kāhcwpeskaww under something vai1 mōhkeqtaw starts him, her, it moving vta mācīskaqnw moves sideways; moves to one side vai1 īqsawqtaw starts it moving with a kick or by pushing with his or moves something so; makes signs by hand vai1 her body; shoves it vti1 kāhcwpeskam ennekw starts it moving vti2 mācīskaqtaw
149 stops moving, going vai1 pōnhkaw so much, this much, so many, this many part yōnekoh stops moving, going vii pōnhkaw surely; intensely, much, especially part mmik move out too much, too far; because part osām moves him, her, it out, lets him, her, it out of a place vta too much, too far; because prev osām- sāketnw truly, really, indeed, very much part whcetaw moves it out, lets it out of a place vti1 sāketnam truly, really, indeed, very much part whtanew moves out, gets out of the water vai1 akuaqtaw mucus moves, comes, gets out of a narrow or snug place vai1 my mucus dna netānekom kecēqtaw mud movement falls, lands, lies in a sticky substance, mud, filth vii makes a frightened movement vai1 kakuanqnakeqtaw pkehnn quietly, silently, without sound or movement part falls, steps into something, into mud vii pēhcehnn senawāq mud ni acēskew much muddy place ni nōpecēskewakat acts excessively upon him, her, it, makes, takes, gets too sinks into mud, is mired vai7 nōpecēskewhsen much of him, her, it; mistreats him, her, it vta speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vai2 osāmehw pēhcepesow acts excessively upon it, abuses it; makes, takes, gets too speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vii much of it vti2 osāmehtaw pēhcepetw greatly, much, intensely part kqc Mud Lake has much of it, many of them vta mānanw Mud Lake place name Nōpecēskewakat Nepēhsh has much of it, many of them vti2 mānataw muddy how much, many is it? pro tāq-nekoh is a muddy place vii nōpecēskewakat is numerous; there is much of it, a lot of it, there are is muddy vai1 acēskewew many of them, a lot of them vai1 mānw is muddy vii acēskewew is numerous; there is much of it, a lot of it, there are muddy place, swampy spot ni acīskehkiw many of them, a lot of them vii mānt mudhen is so many, so much vii tahnn mudhen na kīhkih is so much, so many vai1 tahsēw mule is the amount, is so much, is this much part yōq-nekoh donkey, mule na mamākehsw is too much, there is too much of it, is excessive, donkey, mule na māmākehsw outrageous vii osāmat muscalonge makes, has much of it, many of them vta mānhw muscalonge, spotted pike na mias-kenūsīw makes, has much of it, many of them vti2 mānhtaw muscular more, too much part apqsek are big, strong, muscular men vai1 much, many, a lot, lots part mqseh mamāhkapwsewak really, very, greatly, much, intensely, hard prev kqc- mushroom so much, as much as part nekoh mushroom na wāpatow so much, so far, no more, enough, just; at any rate, of music course part kh music building ni kāketopīhikamek so much, that much, so many, that many part enenekoh music room ni kāketopīhekan
150 violin, piano, musical instrument na/ni kāketopīhekan musician musician na kāketopīhekw muskie muscalonge, spotted pike na mias-kenūsīw N muskie na mc-kenūsīw muskrat muskrat na oqsas nail (N) muss cuts his or her nails vai2 kīskekasīsosow is ruffled, mussed vii ohpāqtw nail (V) must fixes, nails, wedges it tight vta sūhkāhkwahw might, ought to, must, is said to prev cew- fixes, nails, wedges it tight vti1 sūhkāhkwaham mustache nail ni sakāhekan facial hair; whiskers, beard, mustache na mēqnetonākan naked has facial hair, beard and (or) mustache vai7 mēqneton is bare-skinned, naked vai1 moqtahakw myself is completely naked vai1 muqtāhkiyaww my body, myself dni nēyaw is naked vai1 muqseciw naked part nānq name (N) changes his, her, its name vta yācenēhkanw changes its name vti1 yācenēhkatam gives him, her, it a name; calls, mentions him, her, it by name vta wēhnw has (something as) a name vai1 owīhswanew has (something as) a name vii owīhswanemakat has a name, is named vii wēhtw is called by a name, is named, has a name vii wēhcekatw is called by name, named vai2 wēhsow name ni wīhswan name (V) gives it a name, calls it by name; mentions, tells, says it; reads it vti1 wēhtam has a name, is named vii wēhtw is called by a name, is named, has a name vii wēhcekatw is called by name, is named, has a name vai2 wēhcekasow names someone, people; calls people by name vai1 wēhseww
151 nap (V) naturally sleeps a bit, naps vai1 sūpehkuaqsew of course, naturally, as is to be expected; in the sleeps a bit, naps vai2 sūpehkwamow meantime part pāhpesew narrate well, well then; of course, naturally part taq explains, reveals by narrating vai2 sākācemow nature narrates about him or herself; confesses vai2 ācemsow is that way in nature, in character vai1 enātesew narrates about it, tells of it vti1 ātotam nauseate narrates about, tells of him, her, it vta ācemw has heartburn, is nauseated vai1 macēthw narrates in great style vai2 nanāh-pakātācemow is nauseated, is upset (his or her stomach) vai1 narrates to him or her, tells him or her a story vta mianācethw ācemīqtaww makes him, her, it sick to his, her, its stomach, narrates well; tells good news, a pleasing story vai2 nauseates him, her, it vta mianācethskaww menuacemow navel narrates wrongly, makes a mistake in telling his or her my navel dni netq story vai2 kēwācemow someone's navel dni metq narrates, reports an event, tells a story vai2 ācemow near (A) the one who narrates to him or her na otācemoman close, close by, close up, next to, near part cēk narrative near, close by part kqceh narrative, story, report ni ācemwan on the near side part yn narrator nearly narrator na ācemow almost, nearly; pretty soon part sakanah narrow neck gets through a narrow, tight place; gets through a my neck, the back of my neck dni nhkīkan difficulty vai1 sāpiqtaw necklace lays it narrow vti2 nahnathnetaw dna mhkīhnon shapes it small or narrow by hand vta nahnatnw has (something as) a necklace, scarf, necktie vai1 shapes it small or narrow by hand vti1 nahnatnam ohkīhnonew nasty my necklace, scarf, necktie dni nhkīhnon tastes nasty vai1 macēpokosew necktie tastes nasty vii macīpokwat has (something as) a necklace, scarf, necktie vai1 ohkīhnonew nation five groups, sets, pairs, nations part niananiwān my necklace, scarf, necktie dni nhkīhnon four groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīwīwān need (V) one group, set, pair, nation; one pair at poker part is happy having gotten what he, she, it needs, desires nekūtīwān vai1 mīhkinaww six groups, sets, pairs, nations part nekūtuasetāhniwan needs, wants a cigarette, craves tobacco vai2 manhpiw so many groups, sets, pairs, nations part tahnīwān three groups, sets, pairs, nations part nqniwān needle builds a hut or shelter of needle boughs vai1 two groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīsīwān shtākikw has needles (a tree) vai1 shtākomw
152 needle, sting, prick; quill (of porcupine) ni sāhkahekan never needle ni sāponekan never phrase kan nekōtoh threads a needle vai2 nāpehkow never mind tree needle; cedar or balsam boughs na shtāk come, do, do please, for instance; why don't you (do something)?; do it already!; leave it alone, anyway!, needle tree cedar, fir, needle tree na shtākuahtek nevermind part penah in front; in the future; anyhow, never mind, it will neglect (V) happen or turn out all right part menq is faulty, neglected; is neglectful, absent-minded vai1 pqsekwatsew please, do let it be so; never mind part nās kat is faulty, neglected vii pqsekwatat nevertheless seems dirty, disquieting, neglected vai1 in spite of obstacles or interference, nevertheless, wēnnehtakosew contrarily part wēkew seems dirty, disquieting, neglected vii wēnnehtakwat to be sure, nevertheless, although, after all; in vain; isn't it so? part ānow neglectful is faulty, neglected; is neglectful, absent-minded vai1 new pqsekwatsew hangs new (the moon) vai7 oskākocen is young, fresh, new vai1 oskēkew negligently moves, acts, does his, her, its work faultily, negligently, is young, fresh, new vii oskēken absent-mindedly vai1 pqsekwaceqtaw new, strange part pēnoc Neopit new, strange prev pēnoc- Neopit (WI) place name Neyōpet new, young, fresh; recent, for the first time pren oskēh- nephew New Grave In A Marsh has (someone as) a cross-nephew vai1 A New Grave In A Marsh place name Wasūskesenoh onhkwanhsew New London has, treats him as his sister's son, as his cross-nephew at New London (WI) place name Sakēmwatnoh vta onhkwanhsemw New York man's sister's son, cross-nephew na New York place name Mūnīyāk onhkwanhsemaw newborn my nephew (man speaking: my sister's son; woman newborn baby, little baby na kūqtitq speaking: my brother's son); any man who calls me newcomer nesēh or ekih dna nenhkwanh newcomer na pēnoc-pīw my nephew, niece (man speaking: my brother's child; news woman speaking: my sister's child); my stepchild dna brings a story, news vai2 pītācemow nepuanemh comes with news of him, her, it vta pītācemw nest (N) comes with news of it vti1 pītātotam makes a nest vai1 wasqnhkw narrates well; tells good news, a pleasing story vai2 nest ni wasq menuacemow net (N) tells him or her bad news vta matācemīqtaww catches, dips it out with a net; joins in the song vti1 tells him or her the news, message, story to the end; nahkuaham arrives with the message for him or her vta catches, dips it out with a net vta nahkuahw piatwācemīqtaww net na aqnap
153 newspaper nine printing, signboard, newspaper ni masēnāhkatw nine card na sākw-tahsēw next (A) nine each, nine at a time part sāsākw close, close by, close up, next to, near part cēk nine part sākw comes next after him, her, it vta ahkōww nineteen next in order; a generation back part āth nineteen part metātah sākw-enēh next in order part ahkōqc ninety on the next day part wayāpah ninety part sākw metātah stands next in order vai1 ahkōwekapowew ninety-five part sākw metātah nianan-enēh niece nipple cross-niece na oqnemhsemāw nipple, breast na nōnākan my nephew, niece (man speaking: my brother's child; no woman speaking: my sister's child); my stepchild dna no; not part kan nepuanemh there is nothing, there is no place or way part otah my niece (man speaking: my sister's daughter; woman noise speaking: my brother's daughter); daughter of any begins (sound, noise) vii wpīww person who is nekōqsemaw dna nqnemh blows on it to make noise; plays music on it (a whistle night or flute) vti1 kāketowhtam at night, in the dark part nīpāteph comes down, lies down with noise vai7 tanīwhsen early part of the night ni oskīwanītephkan comes with noise vai1 pītīwkesew goes, travels in the night vai1 nīpskaw disturbs it by noise; makes disturbing noise vti1 half of the night, midnight ni āphtaw-tephkah wanītam is a cold night vii kqsitephkat drops, flies with rustling noise vai7 senāwekēhsen is a warm night vii kēsawetphkat falls, comes down with noise vai7 nūhtakīhsen is dark; is night vii kīskanītephkat gives out a vocal noise; cries out, hollers, yells vai2 is early in the night vii oskīwanītephkat kāketow is night vii wanītephkat goes along, by with noise vai7 pemīwhsen is overtaken by night, is out in the night vai1 goes along, by with noise vii pemīwhnen wanītephkanmew goes on, past with noise vti1 pemītam is so far into the night, so late at night vii is so noisy; there is noise vii tanīww ahpēhtatphkat makes a loud noise with reverberation; makes noisy talk is twilight, is falling (night) vii nanīqtakenākwat vai1 pahpāqsiwksew last night, yesterday evening; tonight part nhkah makes a loud noise with reverberation vii last night; at night; nights (after numbers) part teph pahpāqsiwkat night, darkness ni wanītephkan makes an annoying noise vti1 mianātītam sits up at night, sits in the dark vai1 nīppew makes noise from there vti1 ohtītam nightingale makes noise on it with something vti1 tanīwham nightingale na wēhpapoh makes noise that way, makes such a sound vai1 nightmare enīwkesew has a nightmare vai1 skehkuaqsew makes noise there, makes noise vti1 tanītam makes noise with something vai1 tanīwhekw
154 makes noise, there is noise there vii tanīwkat Norwegian makes noise vai1 tanīwkesew sucker, carp; Norwegian, Irish person na nampen reaches it; reaches all the way with his or her noise vti1 nose tpītam has a scarred, scabby nose vai7 omkeqsāhkwan stops making noise vai1 pūnīwkesew nose (N) stops making noise vii pūnīwkat blows his or her nose vai2 sanēkōw noisily has a cold, a stuffy nose vai7 akēkon runs noisily vai4 enīwpahtaw has a cold, a stuffy nose vai7 kepīqsahkwan steps noisily on it vti1 cīqcīhkoskam has a dirty nose, is snot-nosed vai1 wēnetanekomw talks noisily vai1 pākiqnsew has a dirty nose vai1 wīneqsāhkwan noisy has a nose, beak vai1 ociasew is so noisy; there is noise vii tanīww has a prominent nose vai7 pacīskeqsāhkwan is too noisy vai1 osāmīwkesew has a scarred, scabby face vai1 omkeqkow is too noisy vii osāmīwkat has a snub nose vai7 sāqsakīqsahkwan makes a loud noise with reverberation; makes noisy talk his or her nose, its beak dni ocias vai1 pahpāqsiwksew my nose, beak dni necias nonetheless runs (his, her, its nose) vai7 sīqsepīqsahkwan anyway, nonetheless, though one may not like it part talks with clogged-up nose, talks through his or her nose ceyāw vai1 wīnecyanqnesew in spite of, notwithstanding, nonetheless part neciakah wipes his, her, its nose vai2 kesīqsahkwanhosow nonsense nose (V) talks nonsense, foolishness vai2 wāweyakemow inspects without authorization, noses around vai7 talks nonsense, gibberish vai1 wāweyakeqnsew penākehsen noon nosebleed is right overhead, it is noon; eats lunch vai2 nāwahkow has a nosebleed vai2 menāmhkow sun, noon na espt-kēsoq not north be sure not to phrase pōn pāhpes blows from the north, there is a north wind vii don't part pōn ocīkqsiwenqnn is it not? part kanq in the north ni ocīkqsyah it cannot be, can it? surely not! part peskōqc north, to the north where it’s cold phrase kqsiw no; not part kan enakah not at all, by no means part kan pōc north ni ocīkqsyah enakah not in any special way, no great matter part kan kotw North Star not in the calculable future, not really phrase kan North Star na ocīkanah yciw northern pike not on time; not for a long time part kan nanās northern pike, pickerel na kenūsīw not yet part kan-amhciw northern pike, pickerel na okāw not part kat Norway pine one dislikes to, ought not, had better not, is not willing Norway pine na pāhkenakmeh to; fears to, with fear, fearfully prev kōqc-
155 notable in sufficient amount, numbers part tpīn is known, notable, recognizable vai1 khkīnākuatesew so many, that number part tahnīw is known, notable, recognizable vii khkīnākuatat so many, that number prev tahnīw- nothing thing bearing that number; every one ni tahnn there is nothing, there is no place or way part otah numerous notice is excessively numerous, is in excessive quantity, goes notices, pays attention to him, her, it vta pemnemw too far vai5 osāmīn notices, pays attention to it vti1 pemnehtam is excessively numerous, is in excessive quantity, goes notwithstanding too far vii osāmīnat in spite of, notwithstanding, nonetheless part neciakah is numerous; there is much of it, a lot of it, there are many of them, a lot of them vai1 mānw November November na Pāhkatāhkamekat-kēsoq is numerous; there is much of it, a lot of it, there are November na Pāhkatāhkamek-kēsoq many of them, a lot of them vii mānt November na Pākatāhkamekat-kēsoq nun nun na mhkathkoneyiahkiw now just now, just a little while ago part omaqnohnenew nurse (N) conductor, guide; nurse na pemneww now, today part yōhpeh nurse, midwife na kāqteneww now part saqyh right now, on this very day part ēh-yōhpeh nurse (V) attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses him, her, it vta tardily, belatedly; only now, after the proper time part pemnw kaneyh attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses it vti1 now and then pemnam now and then, at intervals part sāsekas attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses someone, people now and then, once in a while, at times part vai1 pemneww nayānekotohken helps him or her along by hand; tends, nurses him, her, now and then part skam it vta kāqtenw one at a time, one each, singly, one now and then, only nurses, suckles him, her, it vta nōhnw a few part nānekot takes care of someone; nurses vai1 kāqteneww seldom, now and then part sekas nut nudge nut na pakān nudges, prods him, her, it (animate) with his or her small nut (for example, acorn, walnut, butternut, beech hand, finger vta tōckenw nut, hazelnut) na pakānēhsh nudges, prods it with his or her hand, finger vti1 tōckenam nuts (crazy) wanders around, is homeless; is crazy, nuts vai1 nudges, prods people vai1 tōckeneww kēwenw prods, nudges him, her, it with his or her foot vta tōckhkaww prods, nudges it with his or her foot vti1 tōckhkam number are five in number vai1 niananiwak are six in number vai1 nekūtuasetāhsewak
156 obtain is taken from there, obtained, supplied vai2 ohtnekasow it is taken from there, obtained; it is supplied vii O ohtnekatw takes him, her, it from there; procures, obtains, furnishes, supplies him, her, it vta ohtnw takes it from there; procures, obtains, furnishes, supplies oak acorn of pin oak, Hills oak na aphsemen it vti1 ohtnam oak gall ni phkuahkwatōhsh obviously evidently, obviously part kayhkenawāc red oak na mqtekomeh white oak tree, board na askēqtemhnak occupation way of being, occupation, affair, business; that kind of white oak na askēqtemeh thing, that sort ni esēken oat way of being, occupation, affair, business ni esēkewen oats, oat-plants ni manōmenāskon ocean rice, oats, wheat, grain; wild rice ni manōmh sea, ocean ni kqcekam obey o'clock is listened to, obeyed vai2 phtācekasow is so late in the day, is so much o'clock, in daytime vii is listened to, obeyed vii phtācekatw ahpēhcekesekat listens to, heeds, obeys him, her, it vta phtāww Oconto listens to, heeds, obeys it vti1 phtām Oconto (WI) place name Okāqtow obligation October is satisfied; overcomes something difficult; takes on an October na Penīpīmakat-kēsoq obligation vai2 tpnemow October na Penīpīmak-kēsoq observe odd gets in sight of things, observes things vai1 in some way, in an odd or special way, in this way and tpāpahcekw that part kotw is watched, observed vai2 cēqnapāhcekasow of course is watched, observed vii cēqnapāhcekatw as you know, of course, evidently part kenaq looks at, observes him, her, it vta cēqnapamw of course, naturally, as is to be expected; in the looks at, observes it vti1 cēqnapāhtam meantime part pāhpesew observe, watch each other vai2 cēqnapāhtowak so much, so far, no more, enough, just; at any rate, of observes him, her, itself vai2 cēqnapāhsow course part kh observes, inspects, examines things vai1 pemāhcekw well, well then; of course, naturally part taq takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies him, off her, it vta pemāhw is off on a journey vai1 otāmeskaw takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies it off chance vti2 pemāhtaw at a guess, at random, on the off chance, not knowing watch, observe each other vii cīqnapāhtimakaton part pakuanaw watches, observes things, snoops vai1 cēqnapāhcekw
157 offend ointment offends vai1 nhkēqtaw liniment, ointment ni sesūpīnekan offer up liniment, ointment ni sesūpīneswan gives, offers him, her, it up; holds funeral rites for him Ojibwe or her vta pakētnemw has an Ojibwe sound vii ocīpīwīwhnen gives, offers it up vti1 pakētnehtam Ojibwe language ni Ocīpīwanamwan † offering Ojibwe language ni Ocīpīweqnsewen makes an offering of tobacco to him, her, it; kindles it Ojibwe who has married in the Menominee tribe na for him or her vta sakāqsamoww Ocīpīnohah makes an offering of tobacco to it vti1 sakāqsahtam Ojibwe woman na ocīpūhkiw makes an offering of tobacco vai1 sakāqsahcekw Ojibwe, Chippewa na Ocīpīw makes him or her an offering of it vta Ojibwe prev Ocīpīw- pakētnehtamoww speaks Ojibwe vai1 ocīpīweqnsew person who makes an offering of tobacco na old sakāqsahcekw big man, old man na mc-enniw sets things down; makes an offering of something vai1 big, old person or animal na mc-ayāh pakētenekw is an old man; is senile vai1 kqc-enniwew office is old enough vai5 tpekn office, office building ni asāqcekwikamek is old vai1 keckīw office ni asāqcekw pīhtawīhkenekan is so many years old vai1 pepōnaksew officer is so many years, so many years old vii pepōnakat army officer na semākanes-okēmāw is so powerful, so old; is so expensive vai1 ahpēhtesew petty officer, noncommissioned officer na semākanes- large, big; old pren mamāh- okēmāhsh my fellow old man or old woman; my husband, my wife officious na nēc-keckīw is fussy, officious vai1 wasēnawacekckiw old man na kqc-enniw oh old woman, old lady na wēyawekh yes, I see, oh, I take it; yes, gladly; may one ask?, may one assume?, I should say - can one ask? part ōh old pren kqc- old pren kyas- oil (N) machine oil ni sesuahekan pemēh omit oil, fat, grease, lard, salt pork; gas, motor oil ni pemēh jumps over him, her, it; skips, omits him, her, it from an action vta pāsetahw oil (V) jumps over it; skips, omits it from an action vti1 oils, greases it as metal vta pemēwāphknw pāsetaham oils, greases it as metal vti1 pemēwāphknam on oils, greases it vta pemēwahw gets on top of, over something vai1 pahkēceqtaw oils, greases it vti1 pemēwaham on top of a tree part wahkētāhtek oilcloth on top of the rock, on a stone part wahkētaqsn rubberized cloth, oilcloth; raincoat ni osāqsapikan on edge oily being eaten, sets his or her teeth on edge vta is oily, greasy liquid vii pemīwākamiw sāqsahkapetskaww
158 feels a tingling in his or her teeth, are on edge (his or onion her teeth) vai1 sāqsahkapetw onion na sekākūhsyah on guard only is on his, her, its guard vai2 ayākuamesow only, exclusively, unmixed part mōsah looks back at him, her, it; is on guard against him, her, it only part nesek vta esāpamw open looks back at it; is on guard against it vti1 esāpahtam cuts him, her, it open, opens him, her, it by cutting vta warns him or her, teaches him or her to be on guard vta pāhkesiw nanāmāhw cuts it open, opens it by cutting vti1 pāhkesam warns him or her, tells him or her to be on his or her is blown open by the wind like a door; is blown open guard vta ayākuamemw (its door) vii pāhkehtqnen on hand is opened, uncovered vai2 pāhkenekāsow exists; is on hand; there is one; is born vai2 tw is opened, uncovered vii pāhkenekātw on time lays it spread, open vta sīskehsemw not on time; not for a long time part kan nanās lays it spread, open vti2 sīskehnetāw once lays, places, leaves him, her, it open or uncovered vta now and then, once in a while, at times part pāhkehsemw nayānekotohken lays, places, leaves it open or uncovered vti2 once upon a time, at one time; all at once, suddenly part pāhkehnetāw nekōts lies open; lies uncovered vai7 pāhkehsen once, one time part nekōtonoh lies open; lies uncovered vii pāhkehnn one lies spread open vii sīskaqtw is the one vii w lies spread, open vai7 sīskehsen one at a time, one each, singly, one now and then, only lies spread, open vii sīskehnn a few part nānekot opens his or her hand, fist vai1 pāhkenhcīqtaw one coin part nekūtuaph opens his, her, its eyes to look vai1 pāhkatawāpew one day ni nekōtokon opens his, her, its mouth vai1 pāhketonqtaw one filling, bagful, cupful part nekōtōsken opens it by tool, by raising or removing a lid, or opening one group, set, pair, nation; one pair at poker part a door vta pāhkahw nekūtīwān opens it by tool, by raising or removing a lid, or opening one hundred part nekūtuak a door vti1 pāhkaham one stick, spool, roll, loaf ni nekūtuahtek opens it, places or leaves it open as a door; sets the door one string, row part nekūtuapīk of it open vti2 pāhkehthnetaw one thousand part nekūtīhnakōhsh opens something, things; opens up vai1 pāhkahekw one part nekot opens the door of it; opens it as a door vti1 some, some of them, one or another pro ānh pāhkehtnam one-eyed opens, uncovers him, her, it by a quick pull; jerks it is one-eyed vai2 pōhkeqkow open vta pāhkeponw one-eyed person; ace card na pōhkeqkow opens, uncovers it by a quick pull; jerks it open vti2 Oneida pāhkepotāw Iroquoian woman, Oneida woman na nātawiahkiw opens, uncovers it by hand vti1 pāhkenam
159 opens. uncovers him, her, it by hand vta pāhkenw orphaned opens vai1 pāhkeskaw is orphaned vai1 kēwesew opens vii pāhkeskaw Oshkosh spreads it open vta sīskaqnw Claw (Oshkosh, WI) place name Oskas spreads it open vti2 sīskaqtaw osprey stands open (a door) vii pāhkehthnen fishhawk, osprey na pēnekekonw opossum other opossum na āyniw along with others, along prev wēc- opportunity different, other pren kaynen- grows well, does well; is a good thing; is a good place or otter opportunity vii menīken otter skin na mekīkwakom opposite otter na mekēk at the opposite side part āsawakām ought evenly, equally, alike, like; exactly opposite; at the same might, ought to, must, is said to prev cew- time part tepāh ought not or one dislikes to, ought not, had better not, is not willing or part kh men to; fears to, with fear, fearfully prev kōqc- or else out of breath or else phrase kmāw men new is out of breath vai2 pahkānāmow orange out of sight lemon, orange, May apple; orange (color) ni extends out of sight vii panāpamenākwat asktmen Outagami orange; lemon; May apple, mandrake ni mesktmen Outagami (Fox) Indian na otākāmēw orange juice out-argue citrus juice (for example, lemonade, orange juice, out-talks, out-argues him or her vta anīwetonāmw grapefruit juice) ni asktmenapoh outdistance order (V) leaves someone, people behind; outdistances the other directs, orders, employs him or her vta anōnw runners vai1 payāseww directs, orders, employs people vai1 anōseww outdoor, out of doors says so to someone, to people, calls someone so, orders out of doors, outside part akuaceh so vai1 esēww outdoor cooking place, outdoor hearth ni ordinary akuatahkhkwan usual, ordinary, plain pren enn- outfit ornament dress, clothing, outfit; costume ni esīhwan coin, coin worn as an ornament na sūniyan outgrow makes him or her wear an upright head ornament; outgrows it, overcomes it with age vti1 nekācekiahtam presents, decorates him or her with a head feather vta outhouse cēpatakhw outhouse ni mīsīwikamek orphan outhouse ni sākesiwikamek orphan na kēwesew runs out of a place; runs out to the outhouse vai4 sākesepahtaw
160 outrageous overcooks it, burns it in cooking vta osāmhnāqsiw is too much, there is too much of it, is excessive, overcooks it, burns it in cooking vti1 osāmhnāqsam outrageous vii osāmat overcooks things vai2 osāmesiahkow outrun overdo leaves him, her, it behind, goes away without him, her, acts excessively or crazily, overdoes it, is greedy vai1 it; outruns him, her, it vta payānw wanēnw leaves it behind, goes away without it; outruns it vti2 carries his or her movement, action, or conduct too far; payātāw overdoes it vai1 osāmeqtaw outside overeat out of doors, outside part akuaceh is too full, has overeaten vai1 osāmaskenw places him, her, it outside of something vta overeats vai1 mianaskenw akuahsemw overeats vai1 osāmahcekw places it outside of something vti2 akuahnetaw overgrown out-talk lies covered with grass, overgrown by weeds vai7 out-talks, out-argues him or her vta anīwetonāmw kepuaskehsen outwit oversee outwits him or her; gets the better of him or her vta goes somewhere to see something; oversees something waysehw vai1 nawāsāpahtakw over overseer gets on top of, over something vai1 pahkēceqtaw guard, watcher, overseer na kanāpahcekw on the surface of the water, over the water part oversleep wahkīcepik sleeps too much, oversleeps vai2 osāmehkwamow over and over overtake constantly, without let-up, over and over; entirely part overtakes him, her, it on the water, by canoe vta yāpec atmahw overcome overtakes him, her, it vta atmw easily overcomes him, her, it vta mianōwehw overtakes it vti1 athtam easily overcomes people vai1 miaseheww overtakes, catches him, her, it vta kqtmw easily overcomes, manages him, her, it vta miasehw overwhelm easily overcomes, manages it, does it easily vti2 astonishes, overwhelms him or her (as with a gift) vta miasehtaw māmahkacehw harms him, her, it; overcomes him, her, it vta owe nenāwācehw owes him or her money vta masīnahekuww harms it; overcomes it vti2 nenāwācehtaw owl harms, overcomes people vai1 nenāwāceheww horned owl na wēs-mianīw is satisfied; overcomes something difficult; takes on an horned owl na wīs-mianīw obligation vai2 tpnemow owl na mianīw outgrows it, overcomes it with age vti1 nekācekiahtam saw-whet owl na tōtōph overcook screech owl; sorcerer na sāhkhnw gets overcooked, burned in cooking vai2 screech owl na wīnes-mianīw osāmhnāqsow gets overcooked, burnt in cooking vii osāmhnāqtw
161 own controls, owns, keeps him, her, it; is master over him, her, it vta tepnemw controls, owns, keeps it; is master over it vti1 tepnehtam P has, maintains, keeps, owns it, has it on hand vta tanw has, maintains, keeps, owns it; has it on hand vti1 tanām ox pace cow, ox; bison, buffalo na peshkiw runs measuring his, her, its pace or steps vai4 ahpēhcepāhtaw pacifier device for suction; pump; thing for sucking; pacifier ni nōnācekan pack (N) cannot manage his or her pack, his or her load is too heavy for him or her vai1 puawanw carries his or her pack on his or her back with the packstrap over his or her shoulders and across his or her chest vai1 ennāpīw has (something as) a pack, carries a pack vai1 wēwasew makes a pack, bundle of it vta mēwanhkanw makes a pack, bundle of it vti1 mēwanhkatam makes a pack vai1 mēwanhkw my pack dni nēwas ties it into a bundle or pack for carrying vta mēwahkapenw ties it into a bundle or pack for carrying vti2 mēwahkapetaw pack down presses it in, packs it down vti1 kakīhcetaham package bundle, package ni wīhkipecekan package, bundle, bunch ni ahshkaw package ni wianekan package ni wiaskaw wrapped thing; medicine in a package ni wiahkīhpenekan packstrap packstrap, harness ni apēhkan paddle (N) canoe paddle ni pīh
162 paddle, thing used as a paddle ni pīhekan painfully paddle ni pīhikwan falls painfully vai7 wēqsakēhsen splashes it up with his or her paddle vti1 ohppīham paint (N) splashes water with the paddle vti1 ahppīham paint for the face ni wsīhwan paddle (V) paint ni esuahekan fetches him, her, it by canoe; paddles, swims up to him, paint ni wsēhocekan her, it vta nātahw paintbrush ni wsēhocekanāhtek fetches it by canoe; paddles, swims up to it vti1 nātaham paint (V) paddles him, her, it across, ferries him, her, it over vta is painted brown vai2 onāwehosow āsuahonw is painted brown vii onāwehotw paddles it (a canoe) vti1 pīham is painted green vai2 askēpakehosow paddles it across, ferries it over vti2 āsuahotaw is painted green vii askēpakehotw paddles straight at him, her, it vta meyāwecemānw is painted white, made to be white vai2 paddles straight at it vti1 meyāwecemātam wāpeskahekasow paddles upstream vti1 nanāham is painted white, made to be white vii wāpeskahekatw paddles, floats him, her, it downstream vta miahonw is painted white vai2 wāpeskahosow paddles, floats it downstream vti2 miahotaw is painted white vai2 wāpeskasehosow paddles, rows vai1 pīhekw is painted white vii wāpeskahotw paddles, swims a straight course vai1 meyāwecemw is painted white vii wāpeskasehotw paddles, swims across vai2 āsuahow is painted yellow or brown vii osāwehotw paddles, swims along, on, past vai1 pemēcemw is painted yellow, brown vai2 osāwehosow paddles, swims around; goes canoeing vai1 is painted yellow vai2 osāwaskihocekāsow papāmecemw is painted yellow vai2 osāwaskihosow paddles, swims fast vai2 kesiahow is painted yellow vii osāwaskihocekātw paddles, swims fast vti1 kesiaham is painted yellow vii osāwaskihotw paddles, swims slowly vai1 pcecemw is painted vai2 wsēhocekāsow swims, paddles across a body of water vai1 is painted vii wsēhocekātw mesākcemw paints him, her, it vta wsēhonw swims, paddles to land vai1 akuacemw paints it vti2 wsēhotaw pail paints something, things vai1 wsēhocekw kettle, pot, pail, bucket na ahkh rub, spread, smear, paint vai2 esuahekow pail, pot with handle na enn-ahkh rubs him, her, it with something; paints, daubs, smears, pail; sap-pail ni nācepyakan anoints him, her, it; misinforms, fools him or her vta pain sesuahw has pain, aches vai2 cēqnhnamow rubs it with something; applies a small amount of it with is sick, ill; is in pain, has something that hurts vai1 a brush; paints, daubs, smears, anoints it vti1 sesuaham wēqsaksew painter severe pain ni wīqsakamamwan painter na wsēhocekw suffers severe pain vai2 wēqsakamamow painter na wsēhokw painful pair seems painful, unfortunate vii wēqsaknehtakwat five groups, sets, pairs, nations part niananiwān
163 four groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīwīwān paralyze one group, set, pair, nation; one pair at poker part is paralyzed, stiff, crippled vai1 nepīkew nekūtīwān is paralyzed, stiff, crippled vii nepīken pair (poker) na nīsiwak pare six groups, sets, pairs, nations part nekūtuasetāhniwan peels it off, removes it as skin, paring vti2 cēhshnetāw so many groups, sets, pairs, nations part tahnīwān peels, pares, skins it using a knife vta cēhshkonw ten sets, groups, pairs part metātahniwān peels, pares, skins it using a knife vti1 cēhshkotam three groups, sets, pairs, nations part nqniwān parent two groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīsīwān lives with his wife's parents vai1 nohāhkapew pale my parents na nenēkehekok looks pale vai1 wāpenakosew parent of a daughter na wtānet palm parent of my son-in-law or daughter-in-law dna rolls him, her, it in his or her hand, between his or her nethtawāw palms vta tetpenw parent na onēkehekomāw rolls it in his or her hand, between his or her palms vti1 part tetpenam a part, a bit, some of a larger quantity part opq pan a part, a little bit part packq roasting pan, frying pan ni apuahsokan back, in return; for his part, in his poor way, poor fellow roasting pan ni kepōsekan part nāp pancake part, taking different paths vai2 pahkianetowak pancake turner ni sēqsep-meskwan part company pancake, battercake na sīkahapuan parts company with him, her, it by taking another path pancake na pepāken vta pahkianw pancakes na sāsēkahowak parts company with it by taking another path; turns off, panic (N) parts company vti2 pahkiatāw is in a rush, in a panic vai2 wāwāskehsow particle pant (V) powder, small particles of anything ni pēwqsekan pants vai1 nhnesew partner (N) pants vai2 pahpānāmow husband, wife; significant other, partner na wayēkemak pants partner (V) is short (a pair of pants) vii tatāskikatken partners with someone vai1 menōtw pair of pants ni kepūtīykuaswan partnership pants, pair of pants; snow pants ni kepūtīq is in a partnership; lives with other people vai1 ānhkom-enōtw pants ni kpotiq snow pants ni kōn kepūtīq partridge partridge na penw paper paper, letter, book, document ni masēnahekan party dance, party ni nīmihtwan printed paper, newspaper ni masēnhnāqtw small piece of paper, writing, card, mail, letter ni pass masēnahekhsh goes, is passed around vii kiaqtāhnen is passed, passed through vii sāpiqtāhcekatw
164 is taken up, adopted, accepted, passed vai2 paste (V) otāhpenekāsow sticks tight, is pasted, stuck onto something vai1 is taken up, adopted, accepted, passed vii aqsetakīqtaw otāhpenekātw sticks tight, is pasted, stuck onto something vii passes (at cards) vai1 phseww aqsetakīqtaw passes him, her, it around vta kiaqtāhsemw sticks, pastes it onto something vta aqsetakīqtahnw passes it around vti2 kiaqtāhnetaw sticks, pastes it onto something vti2 aqsetakīqtahtaw passes it, passes it through (a parliamentary proposal) sticks, pastes, fastens him, her, it onto something vta vta sāpiqtāhtaw akīqtahnw passes, goes past him, her, it vta kaphkaww sticks, pastes, fastens it onto something vti2 akīqtahtaw passes, goes past it vti1 kaphkam patch (N) speeds passing over or across something vii is made up of patches vai2 tatāqtakokuasow pāsecepetw is made up of patches vii tatāqtakokuatw speeds passing over, across something vai2 patch (V) pāsecepesow makes it out of patches, patches it together vta pass around tatāqtakokuanw goes, is passed around (for example, a pipe) vai7 makes it out of patches, patches it together vti1 kiaqtāhsen tatāqtakokuatam pass gas mends, patches it vta sakāskahw farts, passes gas vai2 pketow mends, patches it vti1 sakāskaham pass judgment mends, patches things vai1 sakāskahekw passes judgment vai1 tepāhkonekw path pass over follows a path, trail vai2 metmow gets skipped, passed over without being acted upon vai1 makes a path or road up to him, her, it vta pāsenw mīhekanhkanw pass through makes a path or road up to it vti1 mīhekanhkatam messes him, her, it with his or her feet, disorders him, makes a path up to him, her, it vta mīhekhshkanw her, it by passing through, by trampling vta makes a path up to it vti1 mīhekhshkatam ohpskaww makes a path vai1 mīhekhshkw messes it with his or her feet, disorders it by passing part, taking different paths vai2 pahkianetowak through, by trampling vti1 ohpskam path, trail ni mīhekhsh past (time) right in the center of the road, path part meyāwihkanaw back, in back, in the rear; in the past part otīh road, path, trail ni mīhekan in back of me, behind me, in my past ni netūtīmeh turns off the road, main path vai1 pahkw in the past, finished, completely prev kēs- pathetic in the past, in past intention (unfulfilled); deceased, late in a pathetic way, in pitiful pretense part macēq-nāp part kh nap in the past, previously part kayēs patient (N) sick person, patient na wēqsaksew towards here, coming; in the past course of time; always in the past prev pes- paunch paunch, stomach of slaughtered animal, tripe, entrails uncertain past events prev aw-kēs- na/ni wēnāqnak
165 pawn peel (V) makes a deposit; pawns something vai2 aqtāqsow peels it off by hand, strips it away vta pāpakonw pay (N) peels it off by hand, strips it away vti1 pāpakonam pay, payment ni tepāhoswan peels it off from where it is attached vta pāpakīhsemw pay, wages; government annuity, payment of annuity ni peels it off from where it is attached vti2 pāpakīhnetaw tepāhotwan peels it off, removes it as skin, paring vti2 cēhshnetāw pay (V) peels off, comes off from where it is stuck vii buys, pays for it; pays him, her, it vta tepāhw pāpakōskaw buys, pays for it; pays it vti1 tepāham peels, pares, skins it using a knife vta cēhshkonw is paid for, bought vai2 tepāhekasow peels, pares, skins it using a knife vti1 cēhshkotam pays someone, people vai1 tepāhoww peels, skins it by hand vti1 cēhsenam settles up, pays off his or her debt vai2 kīsiahkasow peels, skins it vta cēqsahw pay attention peels, skins, scales him, her, it by hand vta cēhsenw notices, pays attention to him, her, it vta pemnemw peep notices, pays attention to it vti1 pemnehtam looks, peeps at him, her, it from under something vta pays attention to it, takes care of it vti1 tatākanam nkuapamw pay for looks, peeps at it from under something vti1 buys, pays for it; pays him, her, it vta tepāhw nkuapahtam buys, pays for it; pays it vti1 tepāham peeps from under something vai1 nkuapew is paid for, bought vii tepāhekatw peeps, takes a blinking look vai1 wāqnwatawāpew pays him or her for it; buys it for, from him or her vta peer tepāhamoww moves in order to stick out; peers out vai1 sākeqtaw payment pelt (N) gives something to someone, to people; makes a gift or badger pelt, skin na mqnakwahkakom payment vai2 mēkow beaver pelt, skin na namhkwakom pay, payment ni tepāhoswan pen (writing) pea feather; pen na mēkon pea ni ancēmen pen, pencil ni asāqcekanāhtek peace pipe pencil pipe, peace pipe na ohpuakan pen, pencil ni asāqcekanāhtek peanut penis peanut butter ni pakānēhsh-pemēh my penis ni nēnak pee my thing; my penis dni netīn urinates, pees vai1 sekēw penny peek copper, brass, cent ni osāwāph peeks at him, her, it, sneaks a look at him, her, it vta penny, cent ni osāwāphkōhsh kēmāpamw people peeks at him, her, it vta kēmōsāpamw my people na nēc-pemātesewak peeks at it, sneaks a look at it vti1 kēmāpahtam pepper peeks at it vti1 kēmōsāpahtam pepper ni wēqsakan peeks at things vai1 kēmāpahcekw red pepper phrase piakemen-wēqsakan
166 peppermint possibly, perhaps, maybe part konemāw peppermint ni thkikamīk perish perceive causes him, her, it to perish, drown vta tahpnhw senses, feels him, her, it, perceives his, her, its coming dies, perishes vai1 tahpnw or presence vta mōsehw permanent senses, feels it, perceives its coming or presence vti2 eternal, permanent pren kākek- mōsehtaw permanently senses, perceives something vai1 mōsehcekw forever, eternally, permanently part kākek senses, perceives, has a premonition; feels him, her, permission itself to be in some state vai2 mōsehsow gives in to him or her; gives his or her permission vta perception nēhnonw premonition, sensation, perception ni mōsehcekan gives in to it; permits it, gives his or her permission vti1 perch (fish) nēhnonam perch (fish) na ayīqsawh sets him, her, it down; gives permission for him, her, it perforate vta pakētenw is perforated, has holes through it vai5 tahtāwekn sets it down; gives permission for it vti1 pakētenam is perforated, has holes through it vii tahtāwekn permit is perforated, honeycombed; consists of several rooms (a gives in to it; permits it, gives his or her permission vti1 house) vii sīqsepikn nēhnonam is perforated, honeycombed vai1 sīqsepikew is permitted vii nēhnonekātw perform Perote Lake acts, performs with supernatural power vai1 Perote Lake place name Peynōt Nepēhsh awtokēqtaw persist does his, her, its action well, performs well vai1 endures, persists a long time; has good wind, endurance menīqtaw (at running); talks a lot, is long-winded, verbose vai1 does, acts, works poorly, performs his, her, its work or sēpēw action badly vai1 macēqtaw person go off, away to perform action prev awēh- a person of my own kind na nēc-esēkew performs his, her, its movement or action properly vai1 big, old person or animal na mc-ayāh pckeqtaw grows well, does well; is a good person, creature, thing performs his, her, its movement, action in steady vai1 menīkew repetition vai1 yāpecēqtaw my younger brother or sister; person younger than I dna performance nhsēh there is a performance, circus, theater vii person, human being, living creature na pmāteset mamātāweqtanēwew person, human being na pemātesew wonderful performance, feat; exhibition, circus, that kind of person, that sort na esēkew theatrical performance ni mamātāweqtan that person, being, kind, sort, specimen; perhaps whatchamacallit, whatchamacallum pro ayāh may, might, perhaps, let it be, would have (but didn't), winged beetle that appears on carrion; person of dirty possibility, contingency part pas habits or foul speech na wēnehknāh maybe, perhaps, possibly part nāwenāqs maybe, perhaps part kanapac
167 persuade by mistake vta pqtnw persuades him or her vta wpāmw touches, handles, takes it, picks it up by mistake vti1 persuasion pqtnam cannot manage to eat, chew it; fails to get him, her, it by pickerel request or persuasion vta puawamw northern pike, pickerel na kenūsīw perversely northern pike, pickerel na okāw contrarily, perversely, just at the wrong time, too late; picky after all that part kamāc is picky, choosy, finicky vai1 menātesew Phlox picture (N) Phlox (Wisconsin) place name Omāhkahkow Menīkān marking, mark; picture ni asāqswan physician marks him, her, it; draws, depicts, takes a picture of curer, physician, doctor na ennīhcekw him, her, it vta asāqnw piano picture; holy picture na masēnhcekan piano na kāketopīhekan-mahkāh writes it, marks it; draws it, depicts it, takes a picture of violin, piano, musical instrument na/ni kāketopīhekan it vti2 asāqtaw pick picture (V) chooses, picks him, her, it vta onāpamw is marked; is pictured, depicted, written vii asāqtw gathers, picks berries vai1 nawēnw is marked; is pictured, depicted vai2 asāqsow takes it off by hand, plucks, picks it vta pahkīnw pie takes it off by hand, plucks, picks it vti1 pahkīnam bundle; pie na wīwīkenekan pick out pie na kepōsekan chooses him, her, it, picks him, her, it out vta piece pahkuahkonw is blown to pieces by the wind vai1 pīkqsew chooses it, picks it out vti1 pahkuahkonam lacks a piece vai1 packīskaw pick up pierce grabs, takes him, her, it, picks him, her, it up; adopts, is pierced vai1 tawēkew accepts him, her, it vta otāhpenw is pierced vii tawēken grabs, takes it, picks it up; adopts, accepts it vti1 pig otāhpenam pig sty ni kūhkūhsikamek picks him, her, it up by hand, gathers it; picks it up off pig, pork na kōhkōs the ground vta aqseknw pigeon picks it up by hand, picks it up off the ground, gathers it pigeon na omīnīw up vti1 aqseknam pike picks up a handful of it vta ahscīnw fishes for pike vai1 okāwhkw picks up a handful of it vti1 ahscīnam muscalonge, spotted pike na mias-kenūsīw picks up all the parts of it vti1 tatāqtakonam northern pike, pickerel na kenūsīw picks up and eats bits, remnants of it vti1 aqsekahtam northern pike, pickerel na okāw picks up sticks; gathers, makes firewood vai1 pike fisher na okāwhkw manhnw pile picks up wood, firewood, chips vai1 aqseknhnw assembles it, them; piles them up vta māwatīhsemw touches, handles, takes him, her, it, picks him, her, it up assembles it, them; piles them up vti2 māwatīhnetaw
168 is piled up vai7 ohkīhsen pipestem is piled up vii ohkīhnen pipestem, chimney, stovepipe ni ohpuakanāhtek those that lie piled up na whkihsīhkuaq pistol those that lie piled up ni whkihnhken pistol, revolver ni pāskecisekhsh pillow pit (hole) gives him, her, it a pillow; makes a pillow of him, her, it digs a hole, pit vai1 wānhkw vta anhkihtakhw hole, pit ni wānhkan gives it a pillow; makes a pillow of it vti2 pitch (N) anhkihtakhtaw gum (of a tree), rosin, pitch na pekēw pillow case ni anhkihtakanik pitch a tent pillow ni anhkihtakan prepares a house, dwelling or camp; pitches a tent, sets pimple up a wigwam, builds a house vai1 onīkw has a pimple, boil vai1 oskemiahsew pith (tree) pimple, boil ni skemyah tree vine; pith of a tree na onākesiahtek pimple ni mōhkehnn pitiful pin (N) in a pathetic way, in pitiful pretense part macēq-nāp pin ni uqcyapeth is in a miserable, pitiful state; is poor; is emaciated vai1 pinch (V) ketmākesew pinches him, her, it vta sēqseponw looks miserable, pitiful, run-down vii ketmākenakwat pinches it vti2 sēqsepotāw looks pitiful, run-down vai1 ketmākenakosew pinches people vai1 sēqsahoww pitifully pine talks pitifully vai1 ketmākōw jack pine na ohkīhkāhtek pity (N) Norway pine na pāhkenakmeh hears it with pity vti1 sawnohtam white pine, pine tree na askāh pity (V) is pitied, blessed, given good fortune by the higher pine cone powers pine cone na pekēhsh vai1 sawnemekōwesew is pitied, blessed, lucky vai1 sawnehtakosew pine snake pine snake na anuah pities him, her, it; blesses him, her, it; helps, comforts him, her, it vta sawnemw redheaded pine snake na mhkīthpw pities it; blesses it; helps, comforts it vti1 sawnehtam pinkie take pity on one another vai2 sawnehtowak my finger, my pinkie dni nenhkēhsh takes pity on him or herself vai2 sawnemsow pipe stovepipe ni pōtawakanāhtek takes pity vai1 sawnehcekw tube, pipe, stovepipe, lamp chimney ni kōhtakanāhtek place (N) grows well, does well; is a good thing; is a good place or pipe (smoking) opportunity vii menīken corncob pipe na osiakāh-ohpuakan hears him, her, it with pity; gives hearing to his or her lights his or her pipe vai1 sakāhehpwakanw prayer vta sawnohtaww pipe, peace pipe na ohpuakan is in its place, put away vai1 kanātapew small pipe, cigarette na ohpuakhsh is in its place, put away vii kanātaqtw
169 is in the place, at the point, at home vai1 īw lays, places, leaves him, her, it open or uncovered vta is put away, is safe in a proper place, sits in his, her, its pāhkehsemw proper place vai1 sakāhkapew lays, places, leaves it open or uncovered vti2 muddy place ni nōpecēskewakat pāhkehnetāw place for knocking down wild rice ni pawāhekan places him, her, it facing away, face down vta takes his or her place, substitutes for, represents, anmaqnw replaces him or her vta nāpeskaww places him, her, it in the shade or under shelter vta there, in a place; then, through that length of time; ākuaqnhsemw without effect; without good reason prev tasēh- places him, her, it outside of something vta akuahsemw place (V) comes down, lies, works well, is well placed; in a places him, her, it that way; looks for lice on his, her, its favorable position, in (people's, a woman's) good graces head vta enāqnw vai7 menīhsen places him, her, it well; uses him, her, it well vta gets him, her, it ready, places him, her, it in position vta menīhsemw wnōskaqnw places it facing away, face down vti2 anmaqtaw gets it ready, places it in position vti2 wnōskaqtaw places it in the shade, under shelter vti2 goes or is placed behind an obstacle to vision vii ākuaqnhnetaw ākawēhnen places it on hot coals vta watūhsiwhsemw goes, is placed behind an obstacle to vision vai7 places it on hot coals vti2 watūhsiwhnetaw ākawēhsen places it outside of something vti2 akuahnetaw he or she has him, her, it, places, puts him, her, it, has places it properly for him, her, it vta pckaqtuww him, her, it in some fixed place, has him, her, it at his, places it well; uses it well vti2 menīhnetaw her, its disposal vta aqnw places it, sets it in place for him, her, it vta aqtuww is had, placed, put in a place vai2 aqcekāsow places, applies, uses it properly vta pckehsemw is had, placed, put in a place vii aqcekātw places, applies, uses it properly vti2 pckehnetāw is placed in that direction, at that side vii ohtāqtw places, carries it under his or her belt vti1 nkihciahtam is placed leaning against something solid vai7 places, carries it under his or her belt vti2 āqtuahkihsen nkihcyahotaw is placed leaning against something solid vii places, holds him, her, it close to something, to him or āqtuahkihnn herself vta aqsetnw is placed so, left so; so much is lacking of it vii enāqtw places, holds it close to something, to him or herself vti1 is placed, lies in shade or under shelter vii aqsetnam ākuaqnnhen places, lays him, her it down or facing that direction vta is placed, lies in shade, under shelter vai7 ākuaqnhsen anmehsemw is placed, sits so high vai1 enspapew places, lays him, her, it straight vta meyāwehsemw is properly placed, proper, correct; is in the right shape places, lays it facing down or that direction vti2 vii kwayāhkehnn anmehnetāw is set down, placed vai2 pakētenekāsow places, lays it straight vti2 meyāwehnetāw is set down, placed vii pakētenekātw places, puts in enough of it vta tpaqnw it comes down, lies, works well, is well placed vii places, puts in enough of it vti2 tpaqtaw menīhnen sits or is placed facing away, is placed face down vai1 it is placed facing away, facing down vii anmaqtw
170 anmapew play (N) plain (A) game, play ni mianāceqtan eats it plain, unseasoned, ungarnished vta anhnamw play (V) eats it plain, unseasoned, ungarnished vti1 anhnahtam busies him or herself with him, her, it, attends to him, usual, ordinary, plain pren enn- her, it; plays with him, her, it; picks lice from him, her, it vta tasiahkaww plan (N) plan, provision; decree, law ni enāhkonekan consort, play, work together vai2 wētōhkatowak thought, plan ni ennehcekan play poker together vai2 pōkwāqtatowak plays a trump card vai1 natuahkw plan (V) decrees so, plans things so vai1 enāhkonekw plays ball vai2 pākahatōw plans for him, her, it; takes care of, looks after him, her, plays cards (with someone, with people) vai2 it vta pemāhkonw pīkaqtawekow plans for him, her, it vta onāqsomw plays cards with him or her vta pīkaqtaww plans for it; takes care of, looks after it vti1 plays it (a card) vta wpenw pemāhkonam plays the flute vai2 pepēkow plans it, plans for it vti1 onāqsotam plays vai1 mianāceqtaw plans something vai1 onāqsocekw they play cards together vai2 pīkaqtatowak plank play with flat timber, board, plank na napākhnaksew associates, cooperates, plays with him, her, it vta plant (N) wētōhkaww plant down ni pēwāwanāskon associates, cooperates, plays with it; takes part in it vti1 species of swamp plant, used for tea ni mamēqsepak wētōhkam plant (V) player (sport) sows, plants it vta asēwanw lacrosse or baseball player na pākahatōw sows, plants it vti2 asēwataw plead with urges him or her on by speech; coaxes him or her; sows, plants vai1 asēwacekw pleads with him or her vta wēsāmw plantain plantain ni anīpiahkan-kenūpikwas pleasant is pleasant vai1 onānekosew plate is pleasant vii onānekwat bowl, dish, plate ni onākan plate, saucer ni thnehciw please come, do, do please, for instance; why don't you (do play (music) something)?; do it already!; leave it alone, anyway!, blows on it to make noise; plays music on it (a whistle nevermind part penah or flute) vti1 kāketowhtam does enough for him, her, it; does him, her, it good, makes it make noise by means of a stick; plays music on pleases him, her, it vta tpehw it (any instrument); plays on it (a violin) with a bow vti1 feels pleased vai2 onānekinemow kāketopīham has a pleasing voice vai7 menīkohtakan makes it make noise by means of a stick; plays music on it (any instrument) vta kāketopīhw is pleased with him, her, it vta onānekinemw plays music; plays the violin; eats corn on the cob vai1 is pleased with it vti1 onānekinehtam kāketopīhekw is pleased with it vti1 tpenawnehtam
171 is pleased; gets a good reward vai2 mhsnemow pluck is pleased vai1 tpenaww breaks it off by hand from where it is attached; plucks it; only that, please; only so much, I beg; do just please!; at breaks it (a string) vti1 pahknam least part nekōqc breaks it off by hand from where it is attached; plucks it pleases him, her, it vta tpenawhw vta pahknw pleasurably plucks birds vai1 mōnqnww well, pleasurably prev mhnow- plucks it, picks the feathers from it vta mōnw pleasure takes it off by hand, plucks, picks it vta pahkīnw hears him, her, it with pleasure vta onhtaww takes it off by hand, plucks, picks it vti1 pahkīnam hears it with pleasure vti1 onhtam plum plenty plum tree na akhsemenāhtek there is plenty vii mānwat plum na akhsemen pliable plus gets soaked; soaks loose, gets pliable from soaking vai1 after numbers 'over the decade' (added to numbers from āpowēqsew 10 to 20), plus part enēh gets soaked; soaks loose, gets pliable from soaking vii pocketbook āpowēqnen purse, pocketbook ni sūniyanskemot soaks it loose, pliable vta āpowēqnemw point (N) soaks it loose, pliable vti2 āpowēqnetaw at that distance, up to that point there; then part eneh- plight (N) peh is difficult, troublesome, high-priced, hard to get; is in a how far is it?, at what point is it?; when is it? pro tāq- difficult plight vai2 sanākesew peh plover is in the place, at the point, at home vai1 īw plover na mc-tūtīs point (V) snipe, plover na tūtīs pointer ni enōhekan plow (N) points at him, her, it vta enōhw chopper, grinder; plow na/ni pēqsepocekan points at it vti1 enōham hoe, plow ni mūnahāskipwan points at something, at things vai1 enōhekw plow ni pīkipocekan point out plow ni pīqsepotaqswan is stated, pointed out in speech vii nenōhcekatw plow (V) points it out to him or her vta enōhamoww does his or her grinding, plowing vai2 pēqsepotaqsow poison (N) plows it vti2 pīkipotāw poison ni macēq-maskīhkiw plows snow vai1 makānakahekw poison (V) plows vai2 pīkipotaqsow poisons him, her, it, puts poison on him, her, it vta pulls him, her, it into view, uncovers it in plowing vta macēq-maskīhkiwahw mōhkeponw she poisons it, puts poison on it vti1 macēq- pulls it into view, uncovers it in plowing vti2 maskīhkiwaham mōhkepotāw poison ivy shovels, plows (snow) vai1 makānahekw poison ivy ni matās
172 poke pop (V) pokes, jabs someone with some object vai1 pops it (corn) vta ketāqsiw cēpahoww pops it (rice) vti1 ketāqsam poker (card game) pops rice vai1 ketāqsaww flush (at poker) ni āhpenekn popcorn four of a kind na nīwiwak popcorn, corn for popping phrase nānīhsh-wāpemen full house (at poker) ni mōskenw popcorn na ketāqsowak holds three of a kind at poker vai1 nqnocīnekw poplar one group, set, pair, nation; one pair at poker part poplar grove na asātīhsehkiw nekūtīwān poplar na asātiy pair na nīsiwak popped rice play poker together vai2 pōkwāqtatowak popped rice ni ketāqsan poker ni pōkh porcupine straight (at poker) ni meyāwekn porcupine quill na kāwey three of a kind na nqniwak porcupine skin na ketmīwakom poker (fire) porcupine na ketmīw poker, stick used for poking the fire ni konhsyah pork poker chip oil, fat, grease, lard, salt pork; gas, motor oil ni pemēh counter, poker chip ni akēhcekan pig, pork na kōhkōs pole (N) pork ni kōhkōs-mēcemēhsh fishing pole ni kohkānāhtek salt pork ni sēwehtākanahesōh tent pole, wigwam pole na apāhsiy position (N) police officer comes down, lies, works well, is well placed; in a judge, lawyer, jailer, police officer na tepāhkonekw favorable position, in (people's, a woman's) good graces police officer na tahkōneww vai7 menīhsen pollen gets into standing position vii osēkāpowew pollen; something really small shed by trees ni goes straight, straightens out, comes into proper position apēwanāskaton (for example, after being inside out) vii meyāweskaw polliwog is in the proper position, on the right track, in proper polliwog na pōtōnēhsh command of facts vai1 meyāwesew poor puts him, her, it into proper position vta back, in return; for his part, in his poor way, poor fellow nanāhehsemw part nāp puts it into proper position vti2 nanāhehnetāw is in a miserable, pitiful state; is poor; is emaciated vai1 possession ketmākesew gets possession of him, her, it vta pākecihw poorly gets possession of it vti1 pākeciham does, acts, works poorly, performs his, her, its work or possibility action badly vai1 macēqtaw may, might, perhaps, let it be, would have (but didn't), pop (soda) possibility, contingency part pas pop, sugar water; vinegar ni sēwāpoh possibly by some chance, maybe, possibly part kawenakat
173 maybe, perhaps, possibly part nāwenāqs pound (weight) possibly, perhaps, maybe part konemāw scale (for weighing); pound (weight) ni kotāpīskocekan postage pour postage stamp ni oskēhsekōhcekatw empties it by pouring vta sēkonw postcard empties it by pouring vti1 sēkonam little card; postcard; low spade (playing card) na is poured, cast vai2 sēkahekāsow pīkōhsh is poured, cast vii sēkahekātw pot pours a little into it vta sesūpyanw heater; pot for steaming ni kesēsekan pours a little into it vti2 sesūpyataw kettle with spout, coffeepot na sēqsep-ahkh pours it repeatedly vti1 shsēkaham kettle, pot, pail, bucket na ahkh pours it vta sēkahw pail, pot with handle na enn-ahkh pours it vti1 sēkaham puts it in the pot vti1 pōnam pours out, spills in quantity vai2 sēkepesow roasting pot (covered) na kepōsekan-ahkh pours out, spills in quantity vii sēkepetw potato pours out vii sēkepotw hill for planting corn, potatoes na phkuahekan pours something, things vai1 sēkenekw potato leaf ni ohpnepak pours, spills down vai7 sēkehsen potato na ohpn pours, spills down vii sēkehnn small potato na ohpnēhsh pours, spills it; throws it away vta sēkenw potato bug pours, spills it; throws it away vti1 sēkenam potato bug, potato beetle na ohpn-awtokēhsh spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vta Potawatomi sīkwpenw Potawatomi girl na pōtawtemiahkīhsh spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vti1 Potawatomi woman na pōtawtemiahkiw sīkwpenam Potawatomi; firekeeper na pōtawtemīw pout potbelly pouts, sulks vai1 nhkūhkipew is potbellied vai1 pephkeciw powder potbellied person na pephkeciw coal, charcoal, gunpowder, powder ni mahkāhsiw pothole is brown earth, sand, powder vii osāwāmhkat there are potholes in the road vii wāwānāmhkepaniw is white earth, sand, powder vii wāpeskamhkat pouch powder, small particles of anything ni pēwqsekan pouch, small bag ni menūtīhsh soap flakes, washing powder ni phkīh-kesēqnecekan tobacco pouch na pēhceqnemāwān power poultice acts, performs with supernatural power vai1 bandage, poultice ni akuahpeswan awtokēqtaw pound (V) has spirit power vai1 awtokew pounds it, drums on it with a stick vta pākahw has the power of revival, always comes back to life; has pounds it, drums on it with a stick vti1 pākaham a tough life vai2 wīniqtāckow pounds, drums, knocks, thumps on something with a object carried on one's body to give strength or power ni stick or other solid thing vai1 pāhpakāhkwahekw sīswahekan pounds, drums vai1 pākahekw power ni ahpēhtesewen
174 spirit, manitou; being or person with special power; predicts frightful things for him or herself vai2 animal na awtok kakuanqnakemsow strength, power ni tatāhkesen predicts frightful things for it vti1 kakuanqnakahtam powerful predicts ruin for him, her, it vta kōhpacemw is so intense, powerful; is so expensive vii ahpēhtat pregnant is so powerful, so old; is so expensive vai1 ahpēhtesew carries him, her, it on him or herself; she is pregnant is strong, powerful vai1 tatāhkesew with him or her vta kekskaww is strong, powerful vii tatāhkesemakat premonition powwow has a premonition of it vti1 onuaqtam roach (powwow regalia) ni osōweyan has a premonition, a suspicion vai1 mōnesew practice (V) has a premonition vai1 amāw practices, studies vai1 nekāceqtaw premonition, sensation, perception ni mōsehcekan studies, practices it, is expert in it vti1 nekāciahkam senses, perceives, has a premonition; feels him, her, trains him or herself, teaches or accustoms him or itself to be in some state vai2 mōsehsow herself, practices vai2 nekācehsow preoccupy prairie is absorbed, preoccupied with the thought of him, her, it is prairie, there is a prairie vii maskōtwew vta otāmnemw prairie weed na maskōtmas is absorbed, preoccupied with the thought of it vti1 prairie ni maskōtw otāmnehtam prairie chicken prepare acts purposefully; prepares, gets ready prairie chicken; meadowlark na nahthkqnhsh vai1 osēqtaw builds, prepares a house for him, her, it prairie chicken na nahthkqnw vta onīkahw builds, prepares a house for it vti2 onīkahtaw pray begs for things; prays vai1 mamiahtocekw gathers, prepares kinnickinnick vai1 ahpsāwānhkw goes to church; practices the Christian religion; prays vai1 anāmehāw gets or is smoked, gets prepared or preserved by smoking vii wīskwaqtw prayer gets, is smoked, gets prepared, preserved by smoking Bible, prayer book ni anāmehw-masēnahekan vai2 wīskwaqsow hears him, her, it with pity; gives hearing to his or her prepares him, her, it, gets him, her, it ready vta prayer vta sawnohtaww osēqtahnw turns a deaf ear to him, her, it; disregards his or her prepares it as stored food vta mēcemhkanw prayer vta ānīhtaww prepares it as stored food vti1 mēcemhkatam preach exhorts, preaches to him, her vta kakīhkemw prepares it by soaking vta onākīhcemw exhorts, preaches to it vti1 kakīhkotam prepares it by soaking vti2 onākīhcetaw exhorts, preaches; is a preacher vai1 kakīhkotakw prepares it, gets it ready vti2 osēqtahtaw prepares to cook vai2 onsiahkow precision precision, contrast, selective, emphatic part new present (V) makes him or her wear an upright head ornament; predict presents, decorates him or her with a head feather vta predicts frightful things for him or her vta cēpatakhw kakuanqnakemw
175 preserve looks good, pretty vii menīnākwat gets or is smoked, gets prepared or preserved by something pretty (baby talk) ni cīcīq smoking vii wīskwaqtw previous gets, is smoked, gets prepared, preserved by smoking a ways on, a ways farther, beyond; better, better than vai2 wīskwaqsow ordinary, beyond ordinary nature or power; last, is put into smoke, preserved by being smoked; is previous part kohkēw bothered by smoke vai2 nqsow previously is put into smoke, preserved by being smoked vii in the past, previously part kayēs nqtw price (N) puts it away, preserves, stores it vta sakāhkenw puts a high price on it vta sanākakemw puts it away, preserves, stores it vti1 sakāhkenam puts a high price on it vti1 sanākakēhtam smokes it, preserves it by smoking vta nqsiw price (V) smokes it, preserves it by smoking vti1 nqsam considers, counts it cheap; prices it cheap vta president wnehpanakemw chief, Indian agent, president na okēmāw considers, counts it cheap; prices it cheap vti1 President of the United States na Wāsehtanoh-Okēmāw wnehpanakēhtam president; government na mc-okēmāw is priced cheap; is considered cheap vai2 wnehpanakēhsow press presses him, her, it tight with some object, especially of is priced cheap; is considered cheap vii wood; wedges him, her, it in vta sīnāhkwahw wnehpanakēhtw presses it tight with some object, especially of wood; prick (N) wedges it in vti1 sīnāhkwaham needle, sting, prick; quill (of porcupine) ni sāhkahekan presses, bends him, her, it back vta sāqsaknw prick (V) presses, bends it back vti1 sāqsaknam gores, stabs, pricks him, her, it vta pacēskahw presses, squeezes him, her, it; presses him, her, it out of gores, stabs, pricks it vti1 pacēskaham place, away vta tamākonw pricks, stings him, her, it; gives him, her, it a shot vta presses, squeezes it; presses it out of place, away; pulls sāhkahw it (the trigger) vti1 tamākonam pricks, stings it vti1 sāhkaham press in pricks, stings people vai1 sāhkahoww presses it in, packs it down vti1 kakīhcetaham tool for goring, pricking; fork ni pacēskahekan pretend prickly ash makes him, her, itself out so, pretends so vai2 berry of the prickly ash ni sqsomācekan esiahkasow prickly ash bush na kāwāhkomeh pretends to be asleep vai2 nephkasow priest pretends to be dead vai2 nepōhkasow priest na mhkathkoneyw pretends, makes believe, imagines vai2 enuasow prime of life pretty in the prime of life pren mkuac- in a pretty, cute, funny way part ont princess is good-looking, pretty vai1 onsew chieftainess; queen, princess na okīmūhkiw is good-looking, pretty vii ont queen, princess, First Lady na okēmāwiahkiw looks good, pretty, is looking well vai1 menīnākosew
176 print (V) project (V) is written, printed in English vii mōhkomānēwehnn projects, sticks out vai7 akuanakocen printing projects, sticks out vii akuanakotw printing, signboard, newspaper ni masēnāhkatw prominent probably has a prominent nose vai7 pacīskeqsāhkwan maybe, it may be; probably part mkuac promiscuous process runs around, along, past, by; is in heat; is promiscuous on the way; in the process, during the time prev enem- vai4 pemēpahtaw procure promise (N) procures it for him, her, it; supplies it to him, her, it vta promise, agreement; marriage certificate, legal deed ni ohtnamoww wāwīhtamatwan takes him, her, it from there; procures, obtains, pronounce furnishes, supplies him, her, it vta ohtnw pronounces it properly vti1 pūswanhtam takes it from there; procures, obtains, furnishes, supplies prop (V) it vti1 ohtnam props, forces him or herself up; forces him or herself up prod from bed vai2 oniahkwahosow jabs, prods him, her, it roughly with a stick or tool vta proper māqmakwahw is properly placed, proper, correct; is in the right shape jabs, prods it roughly with a stick or tool vti1 vii kwayāhkehnn māqmakwaham is put away, is safe in a proper place, sits in his, her, its nudges, prods him, her, it (animate) with his or her proper place vai1 sakāhkapew hand, finger vta tōckenw proper, correct pren kwayāk- nudges, prods it with his or her hand, finger vti1 thank you; in the proper way, acceptably part tōckenam wwnen nudges, prods people vai1 tōckeneww properly prods him, her, it with something vta tōckahw everything in its right place, things done right, things prods it with something vti1 tōckaham done properly, proper part kwayāk prods people vai1 tōckahoww exactly, evenly, properly; fully, to that degree part apec prods, nudges him, her, it with his or her foot vta goes at, deals with him, her, it properly vta tōckhkaww pckiahkaww prods, nudges it with his or her foot vti1 tōckhkam goes at, deals with it properly vti1 pckiahkam produce (N) handles, moves him, her, it properly vta pckenw produce, crop, raised things ni kēsekēhcekan handles, moves it properly vti1 pckenam profitable properly prev nanāh- finds him, her, it useful, profitable; rewards him, her, it well, correctly, properly, thoroughly prev pc- vta mhsnemw well, thoroughly, properly, correctly, right, good part finds it useful, profitable vti1 mhsnehtam pc prohibit prophecy (V) is prohibited, tabooed vii sasāhkwanewew prophesies vai2 mōhkācemow prohibition prostitute prohibition, taboo ni sasāhkwan prostitute na tepāhākaniahkiw
177 prostrate puff (N) is prostrated by the sunshine, has sunstroke vai2 takes a swallow of it; takes a drag, puff at it vta kawāqnahsow sōpamw protect takes a swallow of it; takes a drag, puff at it vti1 runs away, runs away protecting him, her, itself vai2 sōpahtam osēmow puff (V) provide draws, sucks, puffs at it vta sōqsopamw has something on, close to his, her, its body; is puffs on it to make it blaze; puffs it forth, blows it from provided, equipped with something vai1 keksew his or her mouth vti1 pōtawanhtam having something, provided, along (with) part kekēh puffs, blows; puffs on something to make it blaze up; provision puffs up the fire vai1 pōtawanhcekw plan, provision; decree, law ni enāhkonekan pull provisions grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vta store of provisions (especially preserved meat) ni pēqseponw āqtopwan grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vti2 takes along lunch, provisions vai1 nīmāw pēqsepotāw prow is pulled down, falls down vii nāsepotw sits at the front, at the prow vai1 menqtamapew presses, squeezes it; presses it out of place, away; pulls stands in front, at the head, at the prow vai1 it (the trigger) vti1 tamākonam menqtamekāpowew pull each other; have a tug of war vai2 sūwīkentowak prowl pulls and stretches it vti1 sīqsepiknam is on the prowl, hunts vai1 natāwēqtaw pulls him, her it this way and that, handles him, her, it pry roughly vta anōceponw jerks, pries it free by tool vti1 kīhkīqtaham pulls him, her, it down vta nāseponw pries him, her, it (something solid) loose; gets him or pulls him, her, it free from something solid vta her up out of bed; pries him, her, it loose from kīqtāhkonw something solid vta oniahkwahw pulls him, her, it free vta kīqcetacemw pries it (something solid) loose; pries it loose from pulls him, her, it free vta kīqtenw something solid vti1 oniahkwaham pulls him, her, it into view, uncovers it in plowing vta pries it out of wood vta kethnakahw mōhkeponw pries it out of wood vti1 kethnakaham pulls him, her, it loose; quickly unties him, her, it vta pries it out vta ketāhw phkīponw pries it out vti1 ketāham pulls him, her, it toward him or herself vta pīhponw pries out its seeds vti1 ketmhkwanham pulls him, her, it up, out from where he, she, it is attached vta paskōnw pucker gathers, puckers, shrinks in the heat vai2 pulls him, her, it vta sūwīkenw māwatōhnaqsow pulls his or her hair vta sakāthkinw gathers, puckers, shrinks in the heat vii pulls it down vti2 nāsepotāw māwatōhnaqtw pulls it free from something solid vti1 kīqtāhkonam puddle pulls it free; takes it (clothing) off vti1 kīqtenam lake; puddle ni nepēhsh pulls it free vti2 kīqcetacehtaw
178 pulls it into view, uncovers it in plowing vti2 pump (V) mōhkepotāw exercises suction, draws, pumps; sucks at something pulls it loose; quickly unties it vti2 phkīpotaw vai1 nōnācekw pulls it this way and that, handles it roughly vti2 it sucks, draws, pumps vii nōnācekmakat anōcepotāw pumpkin pulls it to pieces vta pahpāhkiponw squash; large squash ni wīnmhkwan pulls it to pieces vti2 pahpāhkipotāw punch pulls it toward him or herself vti2 pīhpotaw is punched through, has a hole vai7 tawēhsen pulls it up, out from where it is attached vti1 paskōnam is punched through, has a hole vii tawēhnen pulls it vti1 sūwīkenam punches it through; wears a hole in it vta tawēhsemw pulls the trigger of it, discharges it vti1 punches it through; wears a hole in it vti2 tawēhnetaw peskuaphknam puncture pulls, draws it in or up by a rope vta otāhpapinw hole, puncture ni tawēken pulls, draws it in or up by a rope vti1 otāhpapinam punish pulls, scratches, claws a hole in it vta tawēponw makes him, her, it behave well; chastises, punishes him, pulls, scratches, claws a hole in it vti2 tawēpotaw her, it, teaches him, her, it a lesson vta mhnāwehw pulls, tugs, yanks him, her, it vta sūwīkeponw puppy pulls, tugs, yanks it vti2 sūwīkepotāw little dog, puppy na anmōhsh pulls, tugs vai1 sūwīkeqtaw purgatory raises it, pulls it (something solid) up by hand; raises it, purgatory ni kesīhnaqswan pulls it up on something solid by hand vti1 purple ehkuahkonam purple ni sōmen raises, pulls it (something solid) up by hand; raises, purpose pulls it up on something solid by hand vta in effect, to all practical purposes part mhtōc ehkuahkonw purse (N) pull down purse, pocketbook ni sūniyanskemot is pulled down, falls down vai2 nāseposow purse ni skemot pulls him, her, it down vta penēponw purse (V) pulls it down vti2 penēpotaw draws his, her, its mouth shut; purses his, her, its lips pull out vai1 kaskāmetonqtaw pulls it out long, stretches it as cloth with his or her pursue hands vti1 sīpīkenam follows, pursues something, someone vai1 pull up nōcpenhcekw pulls it (a tree) up by the roots vta kīqceciphknw follows, pursues, chases him, her, it; follows suit on it pulls it (a tree) up by the roots vta kīqcephkenw (card which has been played) vta nōcpenhw pump (N) follows, pursues, chases it vti2 nōcpenhtaw device for suction; pump; thing for sucking; pacifier ni hunts, pursues him, her, it vta nōcehw nōnācekan hunts, pursues it vti2 nōcehtaw hoist, well, pump ni otāhpapinekan pursue one another vai2 pemēnesehotowak my water, my well, my pump ni nenpēm pursues a woman vai1 nūhsūhkiww pursues him, her, it by tracking vta nūhswahāhnw
179 pursues him, her, it, chases him, her, it along vta arranges him, her, it (animate); sets it (a clock) vta pemēnesehw onāqnw pursues it by tracking vti2 nūhswahāhtaw puts him, her, it all together vta māwatuaqnw pursues it, chases it along vti1 pemēnesēhtam puts him, her, it into proper position vta pus nanāhehsemw pus ni menēw puts him, her, it into something vta pēhnahw push puts his or her finger through it vta pōhpnw pushes and shakes him, her, it vta cīpāhkwahw puts his or her finger through it vti1 pōhpnam pushes him, her, it by some means or tool vta puts his or her hand or finger inside him, her, it vta kāhtahw sesēkonw pushes him, her, it into something solid vta puts his or her hand or finger inside it vti1 sesēkonam kāhtāhkonw puts it all together vti2 māwatuaqtaw pushes him, her, it over by hand vta kawnw puts it into proper position vti2 nanāhehnetāw pushes him, her, it upward with something vta puts it into something vti1 pēhnaham espāhw puts it on a spit or stake vta onāhkwahw pushes him, her, it; forces, makes, urges him or her vta puts it on a spit or stake vti1 onāhkwaham kāhtenw puts it right, in place, in order, arranges it; sets it (for pushes it by some means or tool vti1 kāhtaham example, a table, a thermostat); makes it up (a bed) vti2 pushes it into something solid vti1 kāhtāhkonam onāqtaw pushes it over by hand; lays it flat vti1 kawnam put away pushes it upward with something vti1 espāham is in its place, put away vai1 kanātapew pushes it vti1 kāhtenam is in its place, put away vii kanātaqtw pushes, shoves him, her, it by hand vta kāhcwpenw is put away, is safe in a proper place, sits in his, her, its pushes, shoves it by hand vti1 kāhcwpenam proper place vai1 sakāhkapew starts him, her, it moving with a kick or by pushing with is put away, is safe in a proper place vii sakāhkaqtw his or her body; shoves him, her, it vta is put away vii kanāskaqtw kāhcwpeskaww puts him, her, it away, keeps him, her, it safe vta starts it moving with a kick or by pushing with his or sakāhkaqnw her body; shoves it vti1 kāhcwpeskam puts him, her, it down, away vta kanātenw push off puts it away, keeps it safe vti2 sakāhkaqtaw pushes off, takes a pushing start vai1 kāhcīqnw puts it away, preserves, stores it vta sakāhkenw put puts it away, preserves, stores it vti1 sakāhkenam is had, placed, put in a place vai2 aqcekāsow puts it down, away vti1 kanātenam is had, placed, put in a place vii aqcekātw put back is put in place, arranged, instituted, founded vii replaces, puts it back; restores it vta nāpaqnw onāqtw replaces, puts it back; restores it vti2 nāpaqtaw is put in place, in order; it (table) is set; it (bed) is made put down up vii onāqcekatw has something, has it in some fixed place, places is put into smoke, preserved by being smoked; is something, puts it down; lays it (an egg) vti2 aqtaw bothered by smoke vai2 nqsow puts down, leaves, throws away, discards things; gives puts him, her, it (animate) right, in place, in order, something up; confesses (to a Catholic priest) vai1
180 pakēcekw puts on, wears underwear vai1 pēhtōskakw puts him, her, it down, away vta kanātenw puts shoes, footwear on him or herself vai2 wsēhesow puts him, her, it down, leaves him, her, it; discards him, puts, takes, loads him, her, it (animate) on a vessel, her, it, throws him, her, it away vta pakēnw vehicle; gives him or her a ride vta pōsehw puts him, her, it down; spits it out, expels it from his or puts, takes, loads it on a vessel or vehicle vti2 pōsehtaw her mouth vta pakētanmw put out (extinguish) puts it down, away vti1 kanātenam puts it out, extinguishes it by hand vti1 āqtenam puts it down, leaves it; discards it, throws it away vti1 puts out the fire, the light vai1 āqtahekw pakētam put to sleep puts it down; spits it out, expels it from his or her mouth puts him, her, it to sleep vta nephw vti1 pakētanhtam put together put in puts them together by hand vta takōnw fills it; puts it in to fullness vta mōskenanw puts them together by hand vti1 takōnam fills it; puts it in to fullness vti2 mōskenatāw put up places, puts in enough of it vta tpaqnw puts up, fixes, braids his or her (own) hair; swings it in places, puts in enough of it vti2 tpaqtaw place vti2 onāhotaw puts him, her, it in something vta kahtnw puts him, her, it in somewhere by hand vta pēhtenw puts it in somewhere by hand vti1 pēhtenam puts it in the pot vta pōnw puts it in the pot vti1 pōnam puts something in his, her, its mouth vai2 mōtensow put into puts a little into him, her, it vta sesuaskenanw puts a little into it vti2 sesuaskenatāw put on changes, puts it on again vta yāshkaww changes, puts it on again vti1 yāshkam covers up, wraps him or herself, puts on clothes; puts on or wears a robe or blanket vai2 akōw gets dressed, puts on clothing vai1 poqshkakw puts it on, wears it vta poqshkaww puts it on, wears it vti1 poqshkam puts liniment on him or herself vai2 sesūpīnesow puts on fine clothes, dresses up vai1 sāskāw puts on shoes, footwear vai1 wsēw puts on warm clothes vai2 kēsawahow puts on, wears a breech cloth vai1 āseyw puts on, wears a head ornament vai1 cēpatakw puts on, wears Indian regalia vai2 mamāceqtawehow puts on, wears something as an extra layer of clothing;
181 quiet is quiet, silent vai1 pahkāhesew is quiet vii pahkāhesemakat is still; is quiet, silent vii pahkān Q stays quiet, remains undisturbed vai7 cēqnehsen quietly quietly, silently, without sound or movement part quantity senawāq is excessively numerous, is in excessive quantity, goes quietly, silently; without damage, safely part nawāq too far vai5 osāmīn quietly part sewāq is excessively numerous, is in excessive quantity, goes quill too far vii osāmīnat needle, sting, prick; quill (of porcupine) ni sāhkahekan such a quantity part esīn porcupine quill na kāwey quarrel quilt berate each other, quarrel vai2 kēhkāhtowak patchwork quilt ni tatāqtakokuacekan insults, berates people, quarrels vai2 kēhkāhkow patchwork quilt ni tatāqtakokuatw quarrelsome thick coverlet, quilt ni khpākakom insults, berates something; is quarrelsome vai1 quit kēhkāhcekw quits talking, finally shuts up vai1 pōnetonskaw quart quits what he, she, it is doing, gives up vai1 bottle, quart ni sīqsekwan ānhsēqtaw quarter (money) stops an action, quits doing something; quits (his or her quarter (dollar) na sīqsekwanaksew work) vai1 pōneqtaw queen stops, quits working vai1 pōnanōhkw chieftainess; queen, princess na okīmūhkiw quiver queen, princess, First Lady na okēmāwiahkiw trembles, shudders, quivers vai1 nenhkeskaw queen (playing card) quiver (N) woman, queen (playing card) na metmoh quiver; darning-needle, dragonfly (insect) na pīhtanwan quench quiver (V) drinks, has drunk enough, quenches his, her, its thirst trembles, shudders, quivers vii nenhkeskaw vai1 tpeqsew question question ni kocēmonen quick is quick, acts quickly vai1 wpiatesew quickly at once, right away, quickly part pāpek eats fast, quickly vai1 wwēpahcekw is taken by surprise; acts too quickly vai1 nanāsew moves, acts too quickly vai1 wpiaceqtaw quickly, soon; early part wēpac
182 is ragged vii nēqnwekn rain (N) begins (rain, snow) vii wpepīqnen is caught in the rain, is out in the rain vai1 R kemēwanmew is caught in the rain vai1 mecīmepīqnenmew is falling (a cool rain) vii tahkpīqnen rabbit is sprinkling, there is light rain vii pīwepīqnen cottontail rabbit na mesww rain water ni kemēwanapoh rabbit skin na wāposokom rain ni kemēwan rabbit na wāpos there is a misty rain vii awāhepīqnen raccoon there is a pouring rain vii sīkepīqnen raccoon skin na hsepanakom rain (V) raccoon na hsepan raincoat, rubber coat ni osāqsapikasikwan race (N) rains hard vii sīpepīqnen competes in a race, game vai1 khciakatew rains in big drops vii mamāhkepīqnen race, footrace ni khcianetin rains, is raining vii kemēwan racer na khciaseww rains, snows excessively vii osāmepīqnen race (V) stops raining, snowing vii anuapīqnan compete; race vai2 khcianetowak stops raining, snowing vii pūnepīqnen races with him, her, it vta khcianw raincoat races with someone, with people vai1 khciaseww rubberized cloth, oilcloth; raincoat ni osāqsapikan racer raise racer na kehcianetow causes it to grow, raises it (plants) vta pīcekehw racer na khcianetow causes it to grow, raises it vti2 pīcekēhtaw radish raises him, her, it to maturity vta kēsekehw turnip; radish ni cīs raises it to maturity vti2 kēsekēhtaw raft raises it, pulls it (something solid) up by hand; raises it, raft na/ni mhnōs pulls it up on something solid by hand vti1 raft ni napākōs ehkuahkonam rag raises, pulls it (something solid) up by hand; raises, washrag ni kesīqnhkwan pulls it up on something solid by hand vta ehkuahkonw rage (N) goes out in a rage vai2 sākeceketasow raisin is in a great rage vai1 nanāh-pakācenaww grape, raisin ni sōmen rage (V) rake (N) rages at him, her, it vta nhcīwehw rake ni penhkwanahekhsh rages at it vti2 nhcīwehtaw rake (V) rages vai1 nhcīwesew rakes it together vta māwatwahw rakes it together vti1 māwatwaham ragged is ragged vai1 nēqnwekew sweeps off the loose sand or earth, rakes and sweeps up
183 vai1 cēkatamhkahekw little bell, jingle, rattle ni nenāwtōhsh sweeps, rakes the sand, earth from it vti1 rattle na sīqsekwan cēkatamhkaham rattle (V) uses something (especially a canoe) to take him, her, it jingles or rattles as he, she, it moves vai1 senāwqtaw away with him or her; rakes it away; sends it away by rattlesnake some means; sends something to him or her vta rattlesnake na senāwqtaw awātahw raven uses something (especially a canoe) to take it away with raven na kākākew him or her; rakes it away; sends it away by some means raw vti1 awātaham is fresh, raw vai5 askēhsen uses something (especially, a canoe) to take things is fresh, raw vii askēhnen away; sends things; rakes things away vai1 is raw, uncooked awātahekw vai5 askn is raw, uncooked vii askīw ramrod ramrod ni sesīkwahekanāhtek is raw, uncooked vii askn raw meat, fresh meat ni askīwakan random at a guess, at random, on the off chance, not knowing raw thing ni askēhnen part pakuanaw raw pren askēh- rap (V) rawhide raps, knocks at something; knocks at the door vai1 rawhide, piece of rawhide na askāhniy pāhpakahekw razor repeatedly raps, knocks at it vti1 pāhpakaham razor ni kāskepyaswan rapidly reach makes, builds it rapidly vti2 kesiahtaw fails to reach him, her, it with his or her hand vta rapids nōnenw has rapids (a stream); there are rapids vii fails to reach it with his or her hand vti1 nōnenam pākwaqtkōwew is enough; reaches falling or lying vai7 tpehsen rapids ni pākwaqtk is enough; reaches falling or lying vii tphnn rarely lies, sleeps, stays till morning, reaches morning vai7 rarely, seldom part nānawh wāpanhsen raspberry reaches for him, her, it in vain vta kīnonw berry that grows low to the ground; raspberry, reaches for it in vain vti1 kīnonam blackberry, boysenberry na anōhkan reaches it; reaches all the way with his or her noise vti1 black raspberry na sakāckemen tpītam raspberry, blackberry bush na anūhkanawīhsyah reaches, attains it vti2 tpahtaw rat reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready part tp rat na mc-nānīhsh reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready prev tp- rather reach for actually, just simply; rather, as it were; like, as if part reaches for it, moves it by hand vti1 ensenam sew read rattle (N) gives it a name, calls it by name; mentions, tells, says it; has (something as) a rattle vai1 osīqsekwanew reads it vti1 wēhtam
184 knows things by sight; looks carefully; reads vai1 really, very, greatly, much, intensely, hard prev kqc- pakāhkapāhcekw truly, really, genuine, in earnest, with real intention part looks at it; reads it; reads; goes to school vti1 wāpahtam kqten unravels it; reads it vti1 āphtam truly, really, indeed, very much part whcetaw ready truly, really, indeed, very much part whtanew acts purposefully; prepares, gets ready vai1 osēqtaw will it really be? will it be soon? part waciaq finishes, gets done with him, her, it; gets him, her, it rear ready vta kēseqtāhnw back, in back, in the rear; in the past part otīh finishes, gets done with it; gets it ready vti2 kēseqtāhtaw rears him, her, it, makes him, her, it grow vta gets everything ready for him, her, it vta pemēkehw onmāwehw rears it, makes it grow vti2 pemēkehtaw gets him, her, it ready by hand, places him, her, it in reason readiness vta onnw from there; therefore, for that reason prev yōh- gets him, her, it ready, places him, her, it in position vta reason he or she does it to it ni whcehtah wnōskaqnw the reason why, for that reason, for the reason that part gets it ready by hand, places it in readiness vti1 wh onnam there, in a place; then, through that length of time; gets it ready, places it in position vti2 wnōskaqtaw without effect; without good reason prev tasēh- is ready, in position, handy vai1 wnōskapew recall is ready, in position, handy vii wnōskaqtw recalls (something) to mind vai2 mhkāwāhesow lays him, her, it in place, gets him, her, it ready vta receive osēhsemw is given something, receives gifts vai2 mēnekosow lays it in place, gets it ready vti2 osēhnetaw recent lies in place, ready; is arranged vii osēhnen new, young, fresh; recent, for the first time pren oskēh- lies in place, ready; lies down, goes to bed vai7 osēhsen reciprocally makes it; gets him, her, it into shape, ready; deals with back and forth, by turns, reciprocally part āyīsoh him, her, it vta osēhw reckon makes it; gets it into shape, ready vti2 osēhtaw does his or her counting, counts, reckons vai2 makes something, makes things; gets things ready vai1 akēhtaqsow osēhcekw recognizable prepares him, her, it, gets him, her, it ready vta is known, notable, recognizable vai1 khkīnākuatesew osēqtahnw is known, notable, recognizable vii khkīnākuatat prepares it, gets it ready vti2 osēqtahtaw recognize reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready part tp recognize each other vai2 nenāwqtow reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready prev tp- recognizes him, her, it vta nenāww throws things together in haste, hurriedly gets ready recognizes it vti1 nenām vai1 pahpīseqtaw recollection real carefully considers it, finds it in his or her recollection real, genuine pren pōc- vti1 mīhkinēhtam really recondition absolutely, really part yāhpec renews, reconditions it vta yācehw
185 renews, reconditions it vti2 yācehtaw refuse recover is unwilling, refuses vai1 tāqtakacew gets well, recovers vai1 ennīw regalia red puts on, wears Indian regalia vai2 mamāceqtawehow has red eyes vai1 māmhkwanakēqkow regard has red eyes vai1 mhkīwkeqkow sees him, her, it well; likes the looks of him, her, it, has red hair, is a redhead vai2 mhkuaneckow regards him, her, it favorably vta menuapamw is red (the sky) vii mhkīwahkwat sees it well; likes the looks of it, regards it favorably; has is red vai5 mhkōn a good dream vision vti1 menuapahtam is red vii mhkīw regret s regrettably destroyed or lost; he or she (deceased red pepper phrase piakemen-wēqsakan person) is a great loss vai7 nanīhsen weaves a red sash vai1 mhkuaqnapēhkw regrettable Red Banks is too bad, regrettable vii kasknehtakwat Red Banks (on the Wolf River) place name Onāmon 's it's too bad, it's regrettable, it was wasted, you wasted it Tāt part ayētn red cedar red cedar na mhkīhnak reins reins ni sakāpīnekanan red oak red oak na mqtekomeh related are related to each other vai2 enāwhtowak red willow are related to each other vii enāwhtimakaton gathers, prepares kinnickinnick vai1 ahpsāwānhkw is related to him or her, is friends with him or her; are friends (men); has a brother vai1 owēmatew kinnickinnick, red willow bark that is mixed with tobacco ni ahpsāwān is related to him or her vta enāwmw red willow, kinnickinnick ni mhkūpīmak relationship kinship, relationship ni enāwhtwan redhead has red hair, is a redhead vai2 mhkuaneckow relative is entirely alone, has no relatives vti2 wawānehtaw redheaded pine snake na mhkīthpw my relatives na netnawemākanak redhorse (fish) redhorse (fish) na ohsēnemaw relax lies down and relaxes vai7 ahpākecēhsen red-hot is red-hot stone or metal vai2 mhkuaphkesow reliance has hope, places reliance vai2 ahpnemow is red-hot stone or metal vii mhkuaphketw relieve reed cures, heals, relieves him, her, it; makes him, her, it reed, bulrush na apāhkiy well; relieves him, her, it of want vta ennīhw reeds, bulrushes na nepiaskon cures, relieves it vti2 ennīhtaw refine refines maple sugar vai2 nkāwahāqsow religion Christian religion, Christian services ni anāmehān refrigerator refrigerator ni mhkuam mahkāh
186 reluctant nanāhehcekāsow is reluctant to deal with him, her, it vta gets, is put in order, repaired, adjusted vii tāqtakaciahkaww nanāhehcekātw is reluctant to deal with it vti1 tāqtakaciahkam puts it in order, adjusts, repairs it; reprimands, scolds remarkable him, her, it vta nanāhehw is remarkable, wonderful vai1 māmahkatnehtakosew puts it in order, adjusts, repairs it vti2 nanāhehtaw is remarkable, wonderful vii māmahkatnehtakwat repeat remarkable, remarkably part māmahkac repeats his or her speech, song, sound vta remarkable, wonderful, what a wonder! part nāpenōhtaww māmahkatahkamek repeats, imitates the sound of him, her, it; repeats what the other has said or sung remember vta enōhtaww is remembered vai1 mhkāwnehtakosew repeats, imitates the sound of it vti1 enōhtam is remembered vii mhkāwnehtakwat repeatedly keeps him, her, it carefully in mind, remembers him, constantly, over and over, over again, repeatedly prev her, it well vta mecēmnemw yāpec- keeps it carefully in mind, remembers it well vti1 repetition mecēmnehtam performs his, her, its movement, action in steady remembers it vti1 mhkāwnehtam repetition vai1 yāpecēqtaw remembers, knows about him, her, it after a long replace interval of time vta sākomnemw replaces, puts it back; restores it vta nāpaqnw remembers, knows about it after a long interval of time replaces, puts it back; restores it vti2 nāpaqtaw vti1 sākomnehtam replaces, restores it for him or her vta nāpaqtuww thinks of, remembers him, her, it vta mhkāwenemw takes his or her place, substitutes for, represents, remove replaces him or her vta nāpeskaww at more than one remove (of kin) pren wc- reply peels it off, removes it as skin, paring vti2 cēhshnetāw talks back to him, her, it, replies in speech to his, her, its removes it (snow) vta makānahw aggression vta nanāhkomw removes it for him, her, it vta miakonamoww report (N) gives out a sound; there is a sound, a report vii takes it off, out, away, removes it by hand vta kāketoww miakonw makes a noise, report; discharges (a gun); there is a takes it off, out, away, removes it by hand vti1 report, sound (of a gun) vii ketōww miakonam narrative, story, report ni ācemwan takes it off, removes it by tool vta miakohw takes it off, removes it by tool vti1 miakoham report (V) narrates, reports an event, tells a story vai2 ācemow renew renews, reconditions it vta yācehw represent takes his or her place, substitutes for, represents, renews, reconditions it vti2 yācehtaw replaces him or her vta nāpeskaww repair reprimand entirely, completely; beyond repair or restoration prev puts it in order, adjusts, repairs it; reprimands, scolds yāhpec- him, her, it vta nanāhehw gets, is put in order, repaired, adjusted vai2
187 request (N) restore cannot manage to eat, chew it; fails to get him, her, it by replaces, puts it back; restores it vta nāpaqnw request or persuasion vta puawamw replaces, puts it back; restores it vti2 nāpaqtaw rescue replaces, restores it for him or her vta nāpaqtuww rescues, saves him, her, it vta sīkihw retort rescues, saves it vti2 sīkihtaw speaks up in defense, retorts vai2 ohsōmow resemble talks back, retorts vai1 nanāhkomeww resemble each other vai2 enātowak return resembles him, her, it vta enāww returns from his, her, its journey vai7 āpīhsen reservation reveal things set apart; Indian reservation ni eskōnekan explains, reveals by narrating vai2 sākācemow resign reveals a story to him or her, explains something to him makes up his, her, its mind, resigns him, her, itself vai2 or her vta sākācemīqtaww pakētnemow reverberate respect (V) makes a loud noise with reverberation; makes noisy talk deals carefully with him, her, it, handles him, her, it; vai1 pahpāqsiwksew respects him, her, it vta koqsehw reverent deals carefully with it, handles it carefully or sparingly; is shy; is reverent vai1 kuqsyacekw respects it vti2 koqsēhtaw revival makes him, her, it respectable; respects, attends has the power of revival, always comes back to life; has carefully to him, her, it vta menācehw a tough life vai2 wīniqtāckow makes it respectable; respects it, attends carefully to it revive vti2 menācehtaw revives vai1 wīniqtaw respects him, her, it vta menātnemw revives vii wīniqtamakat respects it vti1 menātnehtam revives vti1 wīnickaham respectable revolver makes him, her, it respectable; respects, attends pistol, revolver ni pāskecisekhsh carefully to him, her, it vta menācehw reward (V) makes it respectable; respects it, attends carefully to it finds him, her, it useful, profitable; rewards him, her, it vti2 menācehtaw vta mhsnemw restaurant is pleased; gets a good reward vai2 mhsnemow restaurant; boarding-house, hotel ni mīcehsowikamek rhubarb restaurant ni mīcehsiwīkamek wild sweet-grass; rhubarb ni sēwepak restless rib tires him, her, it; makes him, her, it restless vta my rib dni nhpēkkan sekātahw the set of ribs at either side of his, her, its back dni restlessly ohphkwanan restlessly, impatiently prev sekāc- ribbon sits restlessly, with constant changes of position vai1 is trimmed with ribbons vai2 snepānekwasow kesēpatapew is trimmed with ribbons vii snepānekwatw sits, stays restlessly, impatiently vai1 sekātapew ribbon, satin, silk na snepān stays impatiently, restlessly vai7 sekācehsen
188 rice onāqtaw knocks it off or down by tool; gathers rice, knocks rice speaks the truth, is right vai2 onāmow into the boat vti1 pawāham well, thoroughly, properly, correctly, right, good part popped rice ni ketāqsan pc pops rice vai1 ketāqsaww right (side) rice gathering ni pawāhān my right hand, my right side ni netnenyan rice, oats, wheat, grain; wild rice ni manōmh right away ricing stick na pawāhekanāhtek at once, right away, quickly part pāpek roasted wild rice ni apuatw I am glad to accept, I'm glad to do it, I appreciate that, wild rice ni mamāceqtaw manōmh certainly, right away part wayēpac wild rice ni pekuac-manōmh rigid sits rigidly erect vai1 sāqsakatapew rich is rich, wealthy vai1 khkātesew ring (N) makes him or her rich, wealthy vta khkācehw ring ni nqnosekan ride (N) ring (V) takes people in a vessel or vehicle, gives someone a ride comes down, lies with noise; rings vii tanīwhnen vai1 pōseheww rings; comes down ringing vii senāwhnen ride (V) there is a ringing sound vii senāwīww gets, rides in a vehicle vai1 pōsew rinse (V) rides (a horse) vai2 anōmekow rinses him, her, it vta pīhtwapawanw rides around (in a vehicle or on a bicycle), rides all over rinses his or her mouth vai1 kesēqneton the place vai2 papāmepesow rinses his or her mouth vai1 kesēqnetonw rides around (in a vehicle) vai1 pāmepesew rinses it vti2 pīhtwapawataw rides on the back of an animal; rides a bike, motorcycle rinses things vai1 pīhtwapawacekw vai2 nayōmekow ripe thing you ride (for example, a bicycle) ni nayōmekoh is dyed, colored; ripe vai2 athsow ridge is dyed, colored; ripe vii athtw at the far side of the valley, on the opposite ridge, across rise (N) the river part akāmiahtāhkyah is an elevation in the land; there is a rise in the land vii ridge of land, long hill ni ohsīyāhkiw wahkītāhkiwew right (correct) rise (V) enough, sufficient, just right part tpn rises in the sky (a star) vai1 nīmāceqtaw everything in its right place, things done right, things rises to his, her, its feet, gets into standing position vai1 done properly, proper part kwayāk nīpiqtaw is in the proper position, on the right track, in proper uses something to uncover it; rises (the sun, moon, star) command of facts vai1 meyāwesew vti1 mōhkaham puts him, her, it (animate) right, in place, in order, rise up arranges him, her, it (animate); sets it (a clock) vta rises up into view vii mōhkehnn onāqnw river puts it right, in place, in order, arranges it; sets it (for at the far side of the valley, on the opposite ridge, across example, a table, a thermostat); makes it up (a bed) vti2 the river part akāmiahtāhkyah
189 river ni sēpēw roast (V) river-drive bakes, roasts something, prepares a roast vai2 apōw drives logs down the current, river-drives vai1 is roasted vai2 apuasow miahocekw is roasted vii apuatw roach makes a roast, smokes meat for him or herself vai2 headpiece, upright ornament or feather worn on head, apuahsow roach (pow-wow regalia) na/ni cēpatakan roasting frame, grill ni apuacekan roach (powwow regalia) ni osōweyan roasting pan, frying pan ni apuahsokan road roasting pot (covered) na kepōsekan-ahkh at both sides of the road part ītawīhkanaw roasting spit ni apuanāhtek at the far side of the road part āsawīhkanaw roasts him, her, it in the fire vta pahnw by the roadside part cīkihkanaw roasts something on the coals vai2 mahkāhsiwapōw comes to its proper end (the road) vii piatwepanīw roasts under the ashes vai2 nekuahapow goes that way (the road) vii ehpāniw singes, sears, roasts it vta wāwqsiw goes uphill (the road) vii kohpīpaniw singes, sears, roasts it vti1 wāwqsam is a bad road, are bad (the roads) vii macīpaniw spit for roasting ni onāhkwahekan is a direct road; goes straight across (the road) vii rob kahkāmepaniw rob each other; struggle for possession of something is a rough road vii mamiahcepaniw vai2 mahkāhtowak is a straight road vii meyāwepaniw robs him, her, it of something; takes it away by force vta is, there is a good road vii menīpaniw mahkāmw joins another road, there is a junction of roads vii robs it of something; takes it away by force vti1 nahkīpaniw mahkāhtam makes a path or road up to him, her, it vta robbery mīhekanhkanw seizes something by force; commits robbery vai1 makes a path or road up to it vti1 mīhekanhkatam mahkāhtaw makes a road, works on a road, does road work vai1 robe mīhekanhkw covers up, wraps him or herself, puts on clothes; puts on off at one side of the road part anpihkanaw or wears a robe or blanket vai2 akōw right in the center of the road, path part meyāwihkanaw lap robe, knee robe ni petākihcekwanhekan road, path, trail ni mīhekan my blanket, my robe dni netākom there are potholes in the road vii wāwānāmhkepaniw robin there is a crossing of roads vii pūhkipanīw robin na phphnw turns off the road, main path vai1 pahkw rock (N) roar (V) cut-off rock, waterfall ni kahkāphkat goes clattering, roaring on or past vai1 pemīwkesew on top of a rock, cliff part wahkētāseph goes clattering, roaring on or past vii pemīwkat on top of the rock, on a stone part wahkētaqsn there is a roaring, crashing sound vii tatācekiww on top of the rock ni wahkētāsephkoh roast (N) rock, cliff na/ni āseph roast na/ni apuan rock (V) rocks, swings him, her, it vta wāwqpenw
190 rocks, swings vai2 wqpesow rolls over and over vai1 tetpecīqtaw rocks, swings vii wāwqpetw roof swings, rocks him, her, it by hand vta wqwepnw on the top of the house, on the roof ni wahkītikamek swings, rocks it by hand vti1 wqwepnam roof ni akuatikamek rock elm roof ni wahkēcekamek elm, rock elm na anēp room rock elm na anīpahkāhkuahtek art room ni wsēhon pīhtawīhkenekan rocky drama room ni mamātāweqtaw pīhtawīhkenekan rocky place ni āsephkihkiw guidance room phrase pemnwikamek roe pīhtawīhkenekan fish egg; roe (collective) na wāh hospital room ni wēqsaksew pīhtawīhkenekan roll (N) lunchroom ni mēcehsow pīhtawīhkenekan one stick, spool, roll, loaf ni nekūtuahtek lunchroom phrase mīcehsowikamek pīhtawīhkenekan six sticks, spools, rolls, loaves ni nekūtuasetāhnuahtek music room ni kāketopīhekan roll (V) room ni pīhtawīhkenekan crawls, creeps, rolls, drives there, towards there vai2 science room ni khkenahkuaq pīhtawīhkenekan esētācekow room (space) falls rolling vai7 tetqtepakocen has room enough, fits in, can get in vii tpaskenw falls rolling vii tetqtepakotw rooster rolls along vai7 tetqtepēhsen chicken, hen, rooster na pākaqāhkwan rolls along vii tetqtepēhnen rooster na ayāpw-pākaqāhkwan rolls around vai1 tātetpeqtaw root rolls him, her, it along vta tetqtepēhsemw bitter-root ni wēsek-ocīph rolls him, her, it in his or her hand, between his or her has long roots vai2 sīqsepāpīhosow palms vta tetpenw has long roots vii sīqsepāpīhotw rolls him, her, it vta tetqtepnw has roots vai1 ocīphkewew rolls him, her, it vta tqtepnw has roots vii ocīphkewew rolls it along vti2 tetqtepēhnetaw pulls it (a tree) up by the roots vta kīqceciphknw rolls it in his or her hand, between his or her palms vti1 pulls it (a tree) up by the roots vta kīqcephkenw tetpenam root ni ocīph rolls it vti1 tetqtepnam rope rolls it vti1 tqtepnam basswood bark; rope made of basswood bark ni wēkop rolls, rolls over vai7 tqtepēhsen rope, cord, string; boundary line ni kāhkap rolls, rolls over vii tqtepēhnen thread, little string, rope ni kāhkapēhsh rolls vai1 tqtepskaw rope in rolls vii tqtepskaw ropes him, her, it in, lassoes him, her, it vta nakuanw roll over ropes it in, lassoes it vti2 nakuatāw laughs at him, her, it to prostration, rolls over laughing rose at him, her, it vta kawāhpehw wild rose ni kesīpetiymen laughs to prostration, rolls over laughing vai1 kawāhpew
191 rosin is rubbed (for example, wood) vii kesēpāhkonekātw gum (of a tree), rosin, pitch na pekēw rub, spread, smear, paint vai2 esuahekow rot rubs him, her, it with his or her hand vta kēpotnw rots away, festers, has a skin eruption vai1 nēkeskaw rubs him, her, it with his or her hand vta sesōnw rots away, festers vii nēkeskaw rubs him, her, it with something; paints, daubs, smears, rots to pieces, into a mass vai5 nēkann anoints him, her, it; misinforms, fools him or her vta rots to pieces, into a mass vii nēkant sesuahw rots to pieces vai5 pekskann rubs him, her, it with something vta kēpotahw rots to pieces vii pekskant rubs it for him, her, it vta sesōnamoww rough rubs it with his or her hand vti1 kēpotnam is a rough country vii mamiahtāhkiwew rubs it with his or her hand vti1 sesōnam is a rough road vii mamiahcepaniw rubs it with something; applies a small amount of it with is a rough stick, tree vai1 kāwāhtekowew a brush; paints, daubs, smears, anoints it vti1 sesuaham is rough vai5 kāwen rubs it with something vti1 kēpotaham is rough vii kāwīw rubs liquid on him, her, it by hand, puts liniment on him, her, it vta sesūpīnw round is round, circular, spherical vai1 wātanikew rubs liquid on it by hand, puts liniment on it vti1 sesūpīnam is round, circular, spherical vii wātanikn rubs, drags him, her, it on something vta kenēhsemw is round, circular; is full (the moon) vai1 wāweyakew rubs, drags it on something vti2 kenēhnetaw is, grows nicely rounded vai1 menūcīkew is, grows nicely rounded vii menūcīken rubber piece of rubber ni osāqsapik roundabout raincoat, rubber coat ni osāqsapikasikwan walks roundabout, by a detour vai1 wackōhnw rubber, rubber article; hose ni sīqsepikan row (N) rubberized cloth, oilcloth; raincoat ni osāqsapikan five strings, rows part niananwapīk four strings, rows part nīwuapīk ruffle (V) is ruffled, mussed vii ohpāqtw one string, row part nekūtuapīk six strings, rows part nekūtuasetāhnwapik rug lays mats, places a rug vai1 anāhkīhcekw so many strings, rows part tahnuapīk mat, rug, carpet, flooring ni anāhkīhcekan ten strings, rows part metātahnwapīk ruin (N) three strings, rows part nqnwapīk predicts ruin for him, her, it vta kōhpacemw two strings, rows part nīsuapīk ruin (V) row (V) gets or is spoiled, ruined vai1 panātesew paddles, rows vai1 pīhekw gets, is spoiled, ruined vii panātat rub is killed, ruined by frost vai1 kīhkacew gets rubbed, dragged on something vai7 kenēhsen is killed, ruined by frost vii kīhkatw gets rubbed, dragged on something vii kenēhnen is stunted, killed, ruined by the hot sunshine vai2 holds him, her, it in his or her hands and rubs him, her, kīhkāqnahsow it vta kēpotcīnw makes him, her, it miserable; ruins him, her, it vta holds it in his or her hands and rubs it vti1 kēpotcīnam ketmahw
192 ruins him or herself vai2 kōhpacehsow runs down a slope vai4 nōhsemepahtaw ruins him, her, it vta kōhpacehw runs easily, softly vai4 pepāhtaw ruins it vti2 ketmahtaw runs fast vai1 kīhkeqtaw ruins it vti2 kōhpacēhtaw runs fast vai4 kesīpahtaw wastes, carelessly spends, needlessly uses up, ruins him, runs faster than him, her, it; runs past, away from, ahead her, it vta pāhpenotaww of him, her, it; chases him, her, it vta pemēpahw wastes, carelessly spends, needlessly uses up, ruins it runs from danger into a place vai2 pīhtiknsemow vti1 pāhpenotam runs from danger to a safe place vai1 mīhkinsemow ruler runs from danger, escapes vai4 kecēpahtaw ruler, measure ni kotāpyacekan runs from there vai4 ohcēpahtaw rump runs home vai4 kēwpahtaw kicks him, her, it in the rump vta paqsecehkskaww runs in a circle vai4 kiaqtepāhtaw kicks it in the rump vti1 paqsekopyatam runs in the lead vai4 menqtamepahtaw run runs into a building vai4 pīhtikpahtaw begins to run, takes off vai1 kāhceqtaw runs jumping, leaping vai4 kuahnepāhtaw comes running vai4 pīhpahtaw runs measuring his, her, its pace or steps vai4 hurries there, towards there; runs from danger in that ahpēhcepāhtaw direction vai1 ensemow runs noisily vai4 enīwpahtaw makes, urges, encourages, coaxes him, her, it to run; runs off in that direction vai4 anmepāhtaw runs from him, her, it vta wpēhw runs scared vai4 skesepāhtaw moves, goes, runs (for example, a clock or car) vai1 runs seeking him, her, it vta natīpahtwanw mācīskaw runs seeking it vti1 natīpahtwatam moves, goes, runs vii mācīskaw runs slowly, just barely runs vai1 nsknew run from danger together vai2 osīmihtowak runs straight across vai4 kahkāmepāhtaw runs (his, her, its nose) vai7 sīqsepīqsahkwan runs to get him, her, it; runs up to, after him, her, it vta runs (on a log, a bridge, ice) across a body of water vai4 nācepāhtwanw mesākpahtaw runs to get it; runs up to, after it vti1 nācepāhtwatam runs a long way, runs all the way through it, to the end runs with a thumping sound vai4 cīhkiwpahtaw of it vti1 mqcepāhtwatam runs, starts running vai1 wpēw runs a mixed-up course vai4 nqswanācepāhtaw speeds, glides, flies into a place; goes, runs, drives fast runs a straight course vai4 meyāwepāhtaw inside vai2 pīhtikpesow runs along a track, trail vai4 metmipāhtaw starts to run vai4 wpepāhtaw runs around, runs all over the place vai4 papāmepāhtaw stops flowing, stops running (water) vii pōnekawew runs as the last flow (of sugar sap) vii anuakawew takes a running dive vai4 kōkēpahtaw runs back or home with him, her, it vta trots, runs vai1 wpēhsewew kēwpahtwanw run around runs back or home with it vti1 kēwpahtwatam is in a hurry, is running around vai1 macēnawsew runs crossing over; crossing a bridge, fording vai4 runs around, along, past, by; is in heat; is promiscuous āsokpahtaw vai4 pemēpahtaw runs differently, runs funny, runs without care, skips, runs around, runs all over the place vai4 papāmepāhtaw hops, jumps vai4 matāpipahtaw runs in a circle around him, her, it vta
193 kiaqtepāhtwanw rustle runs in a circle around it vti1 kiaqtepāhtwatam rustles, creaks in the wind vii kāketowqnen run at rusty runs at, attacks him, her, it vta nātentuanw gets, is rusty vai5 akuaqthsen runs at, attacks it vti1 nātentuatam rut (N) run away goes into a rut or hole (a wheel) vai1 runs away from him, her, it vta wanēpahw wānāmhkskaw runs away from people vai1 pemēpaheww rutabaga runs away, runs away protecting him, her, itself vai2 rutabaga na wenepekōw-cīs osēmow rutabaga phrase wenepekōw ocīhsam runs away, runs from something, someone vai2 enāwemow sneaks away, escapes, runs away, gets away vai1 kēmēw run back runs back, backwards; climbs, comes down backwards vai4 asīpahtaw run from makes, urges, encourages, coaxes him, her, it to run; runs from him, her, it vta wpēhw runs from him, her, it into a place vta pīhtikpahw run out burns it all up, runs out of it as fuel vta mqtesiw burns it all up, runs out of it as fuel vti1 mqtesam runs out of a place; runs out to the outhouse vai4 sākesepahtaw run short gives out, falls short, is deficient, there is not enough of it; runs short of something vai7 nōsehsen runs short, does not have enough vai1 nōsēw run to seed gets, has seeds, runs to seed vai1 asēwatakanewew gets, has seeds, runs to seed vii asēwatakanewew run-down looks miserable, pitiful, run-down vii ketmākenakwat looks pitiful, run-down vai1 ketmākenakosew rush (N) wood rush na sekākūhsyah senakwah rush (V) is in a rush, in a panic vai2 wāwāskehsow
194 salvage (V) finds it still usable; salvages it vta mamnawnemw finds it still usable; salvages it vti1 mamnawnehtam same S is the same all over, uniform, homogeneous; holds only one suit (at cards) vai1 āhpenekew is the same all over, uniform, homogeneous vii sacred āhpenekn sacred story na/ni ātqnōhkakan uniformly, always the same part āhpen tells a sacred story vai1 ātqnōhkw sand Sacred Rock buries him, her it; covers him, her, it with sand, earth, Spirit Rock, Sacred Rock place name Cēhkapwaqsn ashes vta anīkwahw gets, is covered by sand or earth, by a landslide vai2 sad is sad, grieves at it vti1 kasknehtam nekuamhkskosow gets, is covered with sand, earth, ashes vai2 saddle anīkoskosow saddle ni nayōmākan is brown earth, sand, powder vii osāwāmhkat safe is put away, is safe in a proper place, sits in his, her, its is white earth, sand, powder vii wāpeskamhkat proper place vai1 sakāhkapew it gets, is covered by sand, earth, a landslide vii is put away, is safe in a proper place vii sakāhkaqtw nekuamhkskotw sand puts him, her, it away, keeps him, her, it safe vta ni nkāw sakāhkaqnw sleepers, morning eyes, sand in your eyes when you wake up puts it away, keeps it safe vti2 sakāhkaqtaw ni māmenīqkwan sleepers, sand in your eyes when you wake up runs from danger to a safe place vai1 mīhkinsemow dna nemneqkom to make sure, to be safe in any event part sākom sweeps, rakes the sand, earth from it vti1 safely cēkatamhkaham quietly, silently; without damage, safely part nawāq white sand on a beach ni wāpāmh saliva sandy saliva, spit na shkōm is sandy soil vii nkāhkiwew saliva na meshkom sap (N) salt (N) boils something down; boils maple sap to make sugar salt pork ni sēwehtākanahesōh vai2 ehksiahkow salt ni sēwehtākan boils up maple sap vai2 ohpīkamesiahkow tastes salty vii sīwehtākanepokwat bridge for the sap of the maple tree ni nkuahkohcekan salt (V) fetches water; draws sap, especially sugar sap from a salts it vta sēwehtākanahw maple vai1 nācepiw salts it vti1 sēwehtākanaham is tapped for sap (a maple tree) vai2 osēkahekāsow salty juice, sap ni sīsepiwān is salty vai1 sēwehtākanewew pail; sap-pail ni nācepyakan is salty vii sēwehtākanewew sugar sap, maple syrup ni sūpomāhkwapoh
195 taps maple trees for sugar sap vai2 osēkahāqsow keeps, saves it up to the end vti2 eskīhtaw trough for maple sap; sugar camp ni aqnopiakan leaves or saves something (food) vai1 eskuahcekw sapling leaves, saves it (food) vta eskuamw stick; sapling, small tree; toothpick na mqtekuahsh leaves, saves it (food) vti1 eskuahtam sarsaparilla makes him, her, it live, restores him, her, it to life, saves sarsaparilla na otciahkohpn his, her, its life, cures him, her, it vta pemācehw sash rescues, saves him, her, it vta sīkihw weaves a red sash vai1 mhkuaqnapēhkw rescues, saves it vti2 sīkihtaw sassafras savings sassafras ni mhkwanakhkwah earnings, savings ni tpenwasiakan yellow birch tea, sassafras tea na mahkūkīhsapoh saw (N) satin saw; bushel measure, bushel ni kēskepocekan ribbon, satin, silk na snepān saw (V) satin ni snepānīk does his or her sawing vai2 kēskepotaqsow satisfaction saws it vta kēskeponw gets satisfaction from it; has eaten enough of it vta saws it vti2 kēskepotāw tpenwanw saws things vai1 kēskepocekw gets satisfaction from it; has eaten enough of it vti1 sawbill tpenwatam fish duck, sawbill duck, Merganser na osēh with satisfaction part wawānas sawbill fish na mesāy satisfy sawbill fish na osīhkwamk has, has had enough (especially of food), is satisfied vai1 sawdust tpēw sawdust ni sīkipotw is satisfied; is full, has had enough food vai2 tpenow sawmill is satisfied; overcomes something difficult; takes on an mill, sawmill, factory na paqsepocekan obligation vai2 tpnemow sawmill, mill, factory na pahpāqsepocekan satisfies him, her, it, gives him, her, it enough saw-whet owl (especially food) vta tpenohw saw-whet owl na tōtōph Saturday say is Saturday vii mānī-kēsekat during his saying so, even while speaking thus ni saucer ottāneh plate, saucer ni thnehciw gives it a name, calls it by name; mentions, tells, says it; sausage reads it vti1 wēhtam sausage, baloney; a piece of an animal's gut; his entrail might, ought to, must, is said to prev cew- ni onākes say so to each other, one to another vai2 etōwak small sausage; hot dog, weiner, pork links; a little piece says it so, says so to it, calls it so; says so vti1 etām of his (or of an animal's) entrail dni onākesēhsh says so to him, her, it, calls him, her, it so vta enw save says so to someone, to people, calls someone so, orders keeps it to the end, saves it up vta eskuanw so vai1 esēww keeps it to the end, saves it up vti2 eskuatāw says so vai ewāh keeps, saves it up to the end vta eskīhw understands his or her own speech, knows what he or
196 she is saying vai2 nenōhtasow has scars, scabs on his, her, its legs vai1 omkekatw scab my scar, scab dni nemk has a scab or scar vai1 omkēw scarcely has a scab, scar on his or her arm vai1 omkehceww scarcely, barely, with difficulty part nskn has a scar, scab on his, her, its mouth or lip vai7 scare up omketon scares him, her, it up vta miaskaww has scars, scabs on his or her hands vai1 scarecrow omkenhciw scarecrow ni koqtāskocekan has scars, scabs on his, her, its back vai7 scared omkephkwan is afraid, scared of him, her, it, fears him, her, it vta has scars, scabs on his, her, its belly, body vai1 koqnw omkeciw is afraid, scared of it, fears it vti1 koqtam has scars, scabs on his, her, its head vai1 is shy of him, her, it, shies away from him, her, it; is omkethpw apprehensive, scared of him, her, it vta cēqtanehw has scars, scabs on his, her, its legs vai1 omkekatw is shy; is apprehensive, scared vai1 cēqtansew my scar, scab dni nemk runs scared vai4 skesepāhtaw scabby scarf has a scarred, scabby face vai1 omkeqkow dna mhkīhnon has a scarred, scabby nose vai7 omkeqsāhkwan has (something as) a necklace, scarf, necktie vai1 scale ohkīhnonew scale (for weighing); pound (weight) ni kotāpīskocekan headband; scarf worn on the head ni scale (fish) wāweyakathphpisan peels, skins, scales him, her, it by hand vta cēhsenw my necklace, scarf, necktie dni nhkīhnon scale (of fish) na wasāhak scarf, veil ni wāwiahthpeswan scalp (N) scarf ni wīwethpeswan my scalp dni nēnhkwan shawl, scarf na moswn scar scary has a scab or scar vai1 omkēw something scary, the bogeyman (baby talk) ni pīpīq has a scab, scar on his or her arm vai1 omkehceww scatter has a scar, scab on his, her, its mouth or lip vai7 falls scattering, spreading vai7 ohpīhsiwhsen omketon falls scattering, spreading vii ohpīhsiwhnen has a scarred, scabby face vai1 omkeqkow falls scattering vai7 sqsīhsen has a scarred, scabby nose vai7 omkeqsāhkwan falls scattering vii sqsīhnen has scars, scabs on his or her hands vai1 flings it scattering; sows it vta sqsiwpenw omkenhciw flings it scattering; sows it vti1 sqsiwpenam has scars, scabs on his, her, its back vai7 spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vta omkephkwan sīkwpenw has scars, scabs on his, her, its belly, body vai1 spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vti1 omkeciw sīkwpenam has scars, scabs on his, her, its head vai1 omkethpw
197 scent (N) scorches it vta ocīqsiw can be smelled in cooking or burning, reaches one (the scorches it vti1 ocēqsam scent of it cooking or burning) vai2 pīcemiaqsow tastes scorched vai1 wēnotwepokosew can be smelled, the scent of him, her, it reaches one vai1 tastes scorched vii wēnotwepokwat pīcemyakosew scout (N) smells him, her, it, gets the scent of him, her, it vta scout, spy na tpāpahcekw menāmw scrap smells it, gets the scent of it vti1 menāhtam cut-off scrap ni sēkosekan schedule cuts it into scraps, slabs vta sīkiponw schedule ni khkāhekan cuts it into scraps, slabs vti2 sīkipotāw school is cut into scraps vai2 sīkiposow looks at it; reads it; reads; goes to school vti1 wāpahtam is cut into scraps vii sīkipotw school, schoolhouse ni khkīnūhamatiwikamek leaves scraps from eating it vta pēwamw school ni khkīnūhamatīk leaves scraps from eating it vti1 pēwahtam schoolchild leaves scraps from eating something vai1 pēwahcekw student, schoolchild na wāpahtaw scrap of cloth ni pēwesekan science scrape science building ni khkenahkuaqikamek eats all of it, scrapes it clean in eating vta kāskamw science room ni khkenahkuaq pīhtawīhkenekan eats all of it, scrapes it clean in eating vti1 kāskahtam scissors eats something all up, scrapes clean in eating vai1 scissors ni mōhsokan kāskahcekw scold is scraped vai2 kāskahekāsow puts it in order, adjusts, repairs it; reprimands, scolds is scraped vii kāskahekātw him, her, it vta nanāhehw makes a scraping sound, there is a scraping sound vii scolds him, her, it severely vta ānemehw kāhpiww scolds him, her, it vta āyānqnw scrapes him, her, it; wins all his or her money from him scolds it vti2 āyānqtaw or her vta kāskahw scoop (N) scrapes it (wood or other solid thing) vta scoop, dipper ni kuapahekan kāskāhkwahw scoop (V) scrapes it (wood or other solid thing) vti1 scoops it up in his or her hand vta kuapenw kāskāhkwaham scoops it up in his or her hand vti1 kuapenam scrapes it clean as he or she eats it; eats it (animate) scoops, ladles it up vta kuapahw clean to the bone vta kāhpamw scoops, ladles it up vti1 kuapaham scrapes it clean as he or she eats it; eats it clean to the takes him, her, it out of something by tool; scoops it vta bone vti1 kāhpahtam akuahw scrapes it vti1 kāskaham scoop up scrapes, makes scrapings of it vta kāhkāskahw scoops it up, ladles it vai2 meskow scrapes, makes scrapings of it vti1 kāhkāskaham scorch scratch is scorched; sunburned vai2 ocēqsow pulls, scratches, claws a hole in it vta tawēponw is scorched vii ocēqtw pulls, scratches, claws a hole in it vti2 tawēpotaw
198 scratches him, her, it vta kākāskenw seat (N) scratches it vti1 kākāskenam adjusts him or herself in his or her seat vai1 nanāhapew scratches something vai1 kāskepocekw changes his or her seat, seats him or herself anew vai1 scratches, claws him, her, it vta kāskeponw yātapew scratches, claws him, her, itself vai2 kāskeponsow sits facing in that direction, in that manner; moves his, scratches, claws it vti2 kāskepotāw her, its seat there, towards there vai1 enātapew tears, scratches a hole in it vta tawnw seat (V) makes him, her, it sit, seats him, her, it vta apēhw tears, scratches a hole in it vti1 tawnam seats him or her vta onāpehw screech owl screech owl; sorcerer na sāhkhnw seats him or herself close up to him, her, it vta nātapēqtaww screech owl na wīnes-mianīw seats him or herself close up to it vti1 nātapēqtam screw (N) seats him, her, itself vai2 onāpehsow screw; screwdriver; faucet ni pīmahekan screw; screwdriver; wrench; faucet ni pīmeskwahekan second (time) minute, second; acre ni tepāhekhsh screw ni pīmahekhsh screw ni pīmeskwahekatw-sakāhekan secretly secretly, sneakily, stealthily, surreptitiously part kēmōc screwdriver secretly, stealthily prev kēm- screw; screwdriver; faucet ni pīmahekan screw; screwdriver; wrench; faucet ni pīmeskwahekan see goes somewhere to see something; oversees something scripture vai1 nawāsāpahtakw Holy Scripture ni anāmehw-asāqcekan is seen vai2 nmekasow scrub (V) is seen vii nmekatw scrubs the floor vai1 kesēhnakahekw see each other vai2 niatowak sea sees him, her, it coming, goes, comes to look at him, sea, ocean ni kqcekam her, it vta pīsāpamw sear sees him, her, it in the darkness vta singes, sears, roasts it vta wāwqsiw kīskanītephkapamw singes, sears, roasts it vti1 wāwqsam sees him, her, it well; likes the looks of him, her, it, search regards him, her, it favorably vta menuapamw searches for, looks for him, her, it vta natōnhw sees him, her, it vta nww search for sees him, her, itself vai2 nmowesow searches for it vti1 natōnham sees it coming, goes, comes to look at it vti1 pīsāpahtam season (V) sees it in the darkness vti1 kīskanītephkapāhtam seasons it; uses it for seasoning vta ahpāpowanw sees it well; likes the looks of it, regards it favorably; has seasons it; uses it for seasoning vti1 ahpāpowatam a good dream vision vti1 menuapahtam seasoning (N) sees it vti3 nmwah seasons it; uses it for seasoning vta ahpāpowanw sees someone, people; looks on; visits vai2 nwekow seasons it; uses it for seasoning vti1 ahpāpowatam sees something in the darkness vai1 uses seasoning, cooks things in, with something vai1 kīskanītephkapāhcekw ahpāpoww sees the last of it; dies vti1 peskuapahtam
199 sees things wrong, twisted; is cross-eyed vai1 holds, seizes him, her, it, holds him, her, it tight, holds pīmeskwatawapew tight to him, her, it vta saknw tries to see clearly; has good eyesight vai1 holds, seizes it, holds it tight, holds tight to it vti1 menuatawapew saknam seed seizes hold of him, her, it vta tpeponw digs the seeds out of it vta ketāhāhkwanw seizes hold of it vti2 tpepotāw digs the seeds out of it vti1 ketāhāhkwatam seizes something by force; commits robbery vai1 gets, has seeds, runs to seed vai1 asēwatakanewew mahkāhtaw gets, has seeds, runs to seed vii asēwatakanewew seizes, holds him or her by the hand; shakes hands with hayseed ni asēkan-asēwatakan him or her vta sakēnhcinw seed, grain ni asēwatakan seldom seed, something growing ni pīcekhken rarely, seldom part nānawh seed, stone of a fruit ni ohkānmen seldom, now and then part sekas seed; machine for seeding, seeder ni asēwacekan selective seed ni onākesimhkwan precision, contrast, selective, emphatic part new seeder selfish seed; machine for seeding, seeder ni asēwacekan is selfish vai2 nahqsenemow seek selfishness is sought vai2 natāwāpahcekāsow selfishness ni nahqsenemwan is sought vai2 natōnhekasow sell sells something to him or her vta tepāhākuww is sought vii natāwāpahcekātw sells something, things vai1 tepāhākw is sought vii natōnhekatw thing sold, for sale ni tepāhākan runs seeking him, her, it vta natīpahtwanw runs seeking it vti1 natīpahtwatam send makes him, her, it go there, towards there, sends him, seeks him, her, it by his, her, its tracks vta her, it there, towards there vta esīhw natuahahnw sends him or her on an errand vta mecēcemw seeks him, her, it in vain, fails to find him, her, it vta kīnonhw sends him, her, it there, towards there; chases, drives him, her, it there, towards there vta ensehw seeks it in vain, fails to find it vti1 kīnonham sends something to him or her vta awātahekuww trying to, seeking to prev natāw- sets it down for him, her, it; lets him, her, it have it; seem sends it to him or her by mail vta pakētenamoww seems dirty, disquieting, neglected vai1 uses something (especially a canoe) to take him, her, it wēnnehtakosew away with him or her; rakes it away; sends it away by seems dirty, disquieting, neglected vii wēnnehtakwat some means; sends something to him or her vta seems painful, unfortunate vii wēqsaknehtakwat awātahw seize uses something (especially a canoe) to take it away with holds him, her, it with his or her hand, seizes or holds him or her; rakes it away; sends it away by some means him, her, it tight; arrests him or her; sues him or her vta vti1 awātaham tahkōnw uses something (especially, a canoe) to take things holds it with his or her hand, seizes, holds it tight vti1 away; sends things; rakes things away vai1 tahkōnam awātahekw
200 senile sets him, her, it apart, keeps him, her, it as extra vta is an old man; is senile vai1 kqc-enniwew eskōnw sensation sets him, her, it down; gives permission for him, her, it premonition, sensation, perception ni mōsehcekan vta pakētenw sense (N) sets it apart, keeps it as extra vti1 eskōnam in various directions; in various senses part nanānānow sets it down; gives permission for it vti1 pakētenam sense (V) sets things down; makes an offering of something vai1 senses, feels him, her, it, perceives his, her, its coming pakētenekw or presence vta mōsehw sets, goes down (sun, moon, star) vai1 nīw senses, feels it, perceives its coming or presence vti2 six groups, sets, pairs, nations part nekūtuasetāhniwan mōsehtaw so many groups, sets, pairs, nations part tahnīwān senses, perceives something vai1 mōsehcekw ten sets, groups, pairs part metātahniwān senses, perceives, has a premonition; feels him, her, three groups, sets, pairs, nations part nqniwān itself to be in some state vai2 mōsehsow two groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīsīwān separately set about separately, for oneself part tātepenn set about an act, go ahead and; in passing, by, on along September prev pemīm- September na Onāwepimakat-kēsoq set down September na Pawāhān-kēsoq breaks him, her, it to pieces in bringing down, setting sermon down, dropping him, her, it vta pīkihsemw exhortation, sermon ni kakīhkotakan breaks it to pieces in bringing down, setting down, serpent dropping it vti2 pīkihnetāw hairy-head serpent na mēqsethpw-kenūpik sets it down for him, her, it; lets him, her, it have it; sends it to him or her by mail service (religious) vta pakētenamoww Christian religion, Christian services ni anāmehān sets, takes him, her, it down (for example, from a shelf) vta penēhsemw set five groups, sets, pairs, nations part niananiwān sets, takes it down (for example, from a shelf) vti2 penēhnetaw four groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīwīwān hangs high; is set high vai7 espākocen set fire sets fire to him, her, it vta sakhnaqsiw hangs high; is set high vii espākotw sets fire to it vti1 sakhnaqsam is set down, placed vai2 pakētenekāsow sets it on fire vti1 wēpaqsam is set down, placed vii pakētenekātw one group, set, pair, nation; one pair at poker part set in one's ways too far gone, beyond mending, cure, redemption, set in nekūtīwān his, her, its ways part kwayās places it, sets it in place for him, her, it vta aqtuww puts him, her, it (animate) right, in place, in order, set the table is put in place, in order; it (table) is set; it (bed) is made arranges him, her, it (animate); sets it (a clock) vta up vii onāqcekatw onāqnw puts it right, in place, in order, arranges it; sets it (for set up example, a table, a thermostat); makes it up (a bed) vti2 sets up a tent; camps in a tent vai1 pākeweyānikw onāqtaw
201 set upon sewing machine attacks, sets upon, acts upon him, her, it for no sewing machine na mīsekuaqswan discernible reason, without cause or provocation; kills shade (N) him, her, it without cause vta pēnhsehw in the shade, under shelter ni ākuaqnahtyah attacks, sets upon, acts upon it for no discernible reason, is in the shade, under shelter vai2 ākuaqnahsow without cause or provocation vti2 pēnhsēhtaw is in the shade, under shelter vii ākuaqnahtw settle is in the shade vai7 ākuaqthsen alights, settles (a bird) vai1 pweqtaw is in the shade vii ākuaqthnen settle down is placed, lies in shade or under shelter vii descends from the air, comes to the ground, settles ākuaqnnhen down from flight vai7 pwehsen is placed, lies in shade, under shelter vai7 ākuaqnhsen descends from the air, comes to the ground, settles places him, her, it in the shade or under shelter vta down from flight vii pwehnn ākuaqnhsemw settle up places it in the shade, under shelter vti2 settles up, pays off his or her debt vai2 kīsiahkasow ākuaqnhnetaw settlement shade (V) settlement, village, town, city ni menīkān is shaded, sheltered vai2 ākuaqnhekāsow settler is shaded, sheltered vii ākuaqnhekātw settler, dweller in that place na tanāhkow shades, shelters him, her, it vta ākuaqnhw seven shades, shelters it vti1 ākuaqnham seven card na nōhekan-tahsēw shadow seven part nōhekan his shadow ni 's ākuaqnskah seventeen shagpoke seventeen part metātah nōhekan-enēh shagpoke, green heron na wāpekīsuqnyah seventy shake part nōhekan metātah knocks, shakes him, her, it (a solid thing, especially tree seventy-five part nōhekan metātah nianan-enēh or wood); knocks, shakes him, her, it from a solid thing, sew especially tree or wood vta pawāhkwahw is attached, is hanging on something; is sewn double knocks, shakes it (a solid thing, especially tree or wood); vai1 sakēqtaw knocks, shakes it from a solid thing, especially tree or is attached, is hanging on something; is sewn double vii wood vti1 pawāhkwaham sakēqtaw pushes and shakes him, her, it vta cīpāhkwahw sewing, things to be sewed ni mīsekuaqswan shakes him, her, it vta memkonw sews it on vta sakīkuanw shakes him, her, it vta pahpāwenw sews it on vti1 sakīkuatam shakes him, her, itself vai1 memkiqtaw sews it vta mīsekwanw shakes him, her, itself vai1 pahpāweqtaw sews it vta mīsīw shakes his, her, its head vai1 ciahkhkīqtaw sews it vti1 mēsam shakes it out, unfolds it vti2 sīskapetaw sews it vti1 mīsekwatam shakes it vti1 memkonam sews vai2 mīsekuaqsow shakes it vti1 pahpāwenam shakes things, shakes things up vai1 pahpāwenekw
202 shake down sharp shakes him, her, it down vta pahpāwehsemw has a sharp edge (for example, a rock) vai1 kāckekew shakes it down vti2 pahpāwehnetāw has a sharp edge vii kāckekn shake hands is sharp vai5 kēhkan greet each other, say farewell to each other, shake hands is sharp vii kēhkan vai2 anāmhkatowak sharpen greets him or her, bids him or her goodbye, shakes does his or her filing, sharpening vai2 kēpotāqsow hands with him or her vta anāmhkaww files, sharpens it vta kēponw seizes, holds him or her by the hand; shakes hands with files, sharpens it vti2 kēpotaw him or her vta sakēnhcinw files, sharpens things vai1 kēpocekw shall shatter will, shall, going to prev aw- falls and is shattered vai7 pēqsehsen shallow falls and is shattered vii pēqsehnn is shallow (body of water) vii pākīw shave shape (N) shaves him, her, it vta kāskepyanw is properly placed, proper, correct; is in the right shape shaves himself vai2 kāskepyasow vii kwayāhkehnn shaves it vti2 kāskepyatāw makes it; gets him, her, it into shape, ready; deals with shaving brush ni sesūpīhekan him, her, it vta osēhw shavings makes it; gets it into shape, ready vti2 osēhtaw makes shavings vai2 pēwhkotaqsow shape (V) shavings ni piahkomanan grows wrong, is wrongly made, shaped vai1 kēwācekew whittles, cuts it into shavings vta pēwhkonw grows wrong, is wrongly made, shaped vii kēwācekn whittles, cuts it into shavings vti1 pēwhkotam grows, develops so; is shaped, constituted so; fares so vai1 esēkew Shawano Shawano (WI) place name Sāwanow grows, is shaped or constituted so, develops or fares so vii esēken Shawano, at Shawano (WI) place name Sāwanoh is shaped by filing or lathing vii ohpōtw shawl is shaped by filing, lathing vai2 ohpōsow shawl, scarf na moswn shapes it by file, lathe vta ohpōnw she he, she, it is the one, it is he, she, it pro wenq shapes it by file, lathe vti2 ohpōtāw he, she, it pro wenah shapes it small or narrow by hand vta nahnatnw shapes it small or narrow by hand vti1 nahnatnam Sheboygan at Sheboygan (WI) place name Sāpīwhekaneh share (V) divides it for him, her, it, shares it with them vta shed nqnīhtuww sheds leaves, fall (leaves); turn color (a tree's leaves) vii penīpīmakat share something with each other, among themselves (more than two) vai2 nqninamatowak sheep sheep; cotton batting, wool na mānestānes shares evenly with him, her, it vta tepāhonw sheepskin splits, divides it for him, her, it; shares it with him, her, na mānestānehsewakom it vta paqsnamoww shepherd na mānestānehsenniw
203 sheet shiner (fish) sheet ni pīhtawanāhkin shiner (fish) na wāqsaphkesow white cloth, cotton, linen; bedsheet ni wāpeskikan shingle shelf small board, shingle na napākhnaksēhsh shelf, set of shelves ni thnāhkwahekan shiny shell is shiny vai2 wāqshkosow breaks his, her, its shell, hatches out vai1 pīhkawqtaw silver, diamond, something shiny ni wanwanet wampum bead; cowrie shell na mēkes Shiocton shelter (N) Shiocton (WI) place name Mnomehsāyak artificial shelter; canopy, umbrella ni ākuaqnhekan ship builds a hut or shelter of needle boughs vai1 ship ni nāpehkwan shtākikw shirt is in the shade, under shelter vai2 ākuaqnahsow shirt, blouse ni ppakoweyan is in the shade, under shelter vii ākuaqnahtw shirt ni pepākeweyān makes a shelter of cedar boughs for or over him, her, it shiver vta shtākikhw shivers (from cold) vai1 nenhkacew places him, her, it in the shade or under shelter vta shoe ākuaqnhsemw leather shoe, moccasin ni onūkīhsahksen places it in the shade, under shelter vti2 moccasin, shoe ni māhkesen ākuaqnhnetaw moccasin, shoe ni mahksen shelter (V) puts on shoes, footwear vai1 wsēw in the shade, under shelter ni ākuaqnahtyah puts shoes, footwear on him or herself vai2 wsēhesow is placed, lies in shade or under shelter vii takes off his or her shoes, footwear vai2 phphkow ākuaqnnhen shoelace is shaded, sheltered vai2 ākuaqnhekāsow shoelace, moccasin lace ni asēhpes is shaded, sheltered vii ākuaqnhekātw shoot shades, shelters him, her, it vta ākuaqnhw misses him, her, it by shooting too late vta shades, shelters it vti1 ākuaqnham kashkenaww shepherd misses it by shooting too late vti1 kashkenam shepherd na mānestānehsenniw shoots him, her, it at close range vta kqtnaww shin shoots him, her, it by accident vta pqsnaww my shin dna nhkhkwan shoots him, her, it with a gun vta pāskecisīw shine shoots him, her, it, them repeatedly vta pīpemiw shines brightly (the sun) vai1 sahkāqsekw shoots him, her, it; shoots him, her, it with an arrow vta shines brightly, glittering, is bright, reflects light vai2 pemīw wāqsaphkasow shoots it at close range vti1 kqtnam shines prettily vii menuaqnahtw shoots it by accident vti1 pqsnam shines straight on things (the sun) vai1 meyāwāqsekw shoots it in flight vta nahkīnaww shines through; is transparent vii sāpuaqnw shoots it in flight vti1 nahkīnam stops shining (the sun) vai1 pōnāqsekw shoots it repeatedly vti1 pēpemotam shoots it with a gun vti1 pāskecisam
204 shoots it vti1 pemōtam shot (N) shoots repeatedly vai1 pēpemocekw gets a good shot at him, her, it vta shoots something, things vai1 pemōcekew peskuaphknamoww works well; shoots well (gun) vii onhkaw is a marksman, a good shot vai1 nāpaqtw shop (N) shoulder meat-market, butcher shop ni mēcemēhshkamik carries it along, past on his or her shoulder vti1 store, shop ni atāwwikamek pemēnekatam has big, broad shoulders vai7 mamāhketnemāhkan shore by the shore or bank, close to the water's edge part is big at the shoulders, broad-shouldered vai7 cīkesitm mahkētnimāhkan lives by the shore, bank of it, near it (a body of water) my shoulder dni netnimāhkan vti1 wīkiahtam shoulder; large limb, branch of a tree ni ohthkwan short shout grows, is flat, low, short vai1 tapāhsekew caller, shouter, whooper na ōhōpew grows, is flat, low, short vii tapāhsekn shove has a short body vai1 taskūqcikew pushes, shoves him, her, it by hand vta kāhcwpenw has a short body vii taskūqcikn pushes, shoves it by hand vti1 kāhcwpenam is short (a pair of pants) vii tatāskikatken shoves him, her, it with his or her foot vta is short (his, her, its body) vai1 peskūqcikew kāhshkaww is short (its body) vii peskūqcikn shoves it with his or her foot vti1 kāhshkam is short in the sleeves vii tatāskwanakīken starts him, her, it moving with a kick or by pushing with his or her body; shoves him, her, it vta is short; is a short stick, a low tree vii taskuahkwat kāhcwpeskaww is short vai1 tapāhsew starts it moving with a kick or by pushing with his or is short vai1 taskōsew her body; shoves it vti1 kāhcwpeskam is short vii taskīw shovel short person, creature na taskōsew shovel, spade ni napākāph short cut shovels, plows (snow) vai1 makānahekw walks straight across, by a short cut vai1 small shovel ni napākāphkōhsh kahkāmohnw show shortcoming makes him or her look at something; shows him or her criticizes him, her, it (animate), mentions his, her, its something vta wāpahtnw shortcomings vta pqsekomw makes him, her, it visible; shows, exhibits him, her it criticizes it, mentions its shortcomings vti1 vta nākehw pqsekōhtam makes it visible to him, her, it; shows, expresses it to short-legged him, her, it vta nākehtuww short-legged person, creature na tatāskikatw makes it visible; shows, exhibits it vti2 nākehtaw shot (injection) shows something to people vai1 wāpahtseww pricks, stings him, her, it; gives him, her, it a shot vta show-people sāhkahw show-people, circus troupe, theatrical company na mamātāweqtawak
205 shrink sick gathers, puckers, shrinks in the heat vai2 fares ill, suffers, sickens or is sick, dies, in that way vai1 māwatōhnaqsow ehpnw gathers, puckers, shrinks in the heat vii is sick, ill; is in pain, has something that hurts vai1 māwatōhnaqtw wēqsaksew shudder makes him, her, it sick to his, her, its stomach, trembles, shudders, quivers vai1 nenhkeskaw nauseates him, her, it vta mianācethskaww trembles, shudders, quivers vii nenhkeskaw sick person, patient na wēqsaksew shut sickness boards it shut vti1 kephnakaham comes to the fatal end of his, her, its sickness or draws his, her, its mouth shut; purses his, her, its lips suffering, dies vai1 kēsāhpenw vai1 kaskāmetonqtaw sickness ni wēqsaksen grows blocked or shut; closes by natural growth (for side example, a wound) vii kepēken at both sides of the place, at both ends or sides part ētoh shuts; moves shut (door or cover) vai1 kepāhkoskaw at both sides of the place part ētawāhkamek shuts; moves shut (door or cover) vii kepāhkoskaw at both sides of the road part ītawīhkanaw shut in at one side of the road part pemqtihkanaw shuts him or herself in; is shut in, locked up vai2 at that side of, close by the water part ohtākam kepāhkwahosow at that side of, close by the wood or wall part ohtāhtek shut up at the far side of the road part āsawīhkanaw quits talking, finally shuts up vai1 pōnetonskaw at the far side of the valley, on the opposite ridge, across shy the river part akāmiahtāhkyah are shy, bashful before each other vai2 kuqsyatowak at the far side, over across part akāmiah is a shy, bashful person vai1 kuqsyacekckiw at the opposite side part āsawakām is a shy, bashful person vai2 tekīsehkow at the side, at one side of a thing part pemqc is afraid of people, shy vai1 koqtapww both, both of them; at both sides, both halves part nayīs is cautious, shy, hard to catch vai1 nahnāsew by the roadside part cīkihkanaw is shy of him, her, it, shies away from him, her, it; is has only one side, only half of him, her, it is left vai1 apprehensive, scared of him, her, it vta cēqtanehw ēsekanekew is shy, bashful before him, her, it vta kuqsyanw has only one side; only half of it is left vii ēsekanekn is shy, bashful before it vti1 kuqsyatam is the far side vii akāmēwew is shy; is apprehensive, scared vai1 cēqtansew lies on his, her, its side vai7 īqsawhsen is shy; is reverent vai1 kuqsyacekw moves sideways; moves to one side vai1 īqsawqtaw shy away from moves to one side vai1 īqsawhkaw is shy of him, her, it, shies away from him, her, it; is my left hand, my left side ni nenmahcyan apprehensive, scared of him, her, it vta cēqtanehw my lung; on one side dni nhpān sibling my right hand, my right side ni netnenyan younger brother or sister of a girl or woman na off at one side of the road part anpihkanaw wmehset off to one side part anp on the near side part yn on the other side, beyond, across part āsaw
206 on the other side, symmetrically; on the other hand part silver nāpān money, coin, dollar, silver ni sūniyan one of two similar sides; on one side; one half ni ēsekan silver, diamond, something shiny ni wanwanet side at which he, she, it lies na whcehseh silver bass side at which it lies ni whcehnh crappie, silver bass na sāqsakīqsahkwan sits at that side, close up there vai1 ohtāpew silver bass na osāqsapīqsahkwan stands at that side vai1 ohcēkāpowew simply sideways actually, just simply; rather, as it were; like, as if part crosswise, sideways part pemēc sew lies crosswise, sideways vai7 pemēcehsen sin (V) lies crosswise, sideways vii pemēcehnn errs, sins vai1 pqcēqtaw moves sideways; moves to one side vai1 īqsawqtaw sinew sits sideways vai1 pemēthkipew my cord, my sinew (in body) dni necīqtan stands sideways vai1 pemēcekapowew sing stands sideways vii pemēcekapowew sings his or her tune well vti2 menīnaqtaw sings lonesomely vai2 nanīqtakahamasow sieve sieve ni sāpeskacekan sings there vai2 tātanahamasow sight sings too much vai2 osāmahamāsow get, are in sight of each other vai2 tpāpahtowak sings well vai2 menuahamasow gets in sight of things, observes things vai1 sings, chants vai2 nekāmow tpāpahcekw starts to sing vai2 wpahamasow is in plain sight vii pakāhkapamenakwat singe is in sight vii tpāpamenākwat singes him, her, it vta pahsīw sign singes it vti1 pahsām makes a sign to him, her, it with his or her hand vta singes something, things vai1 pahsēkw ennekuww singes, sears, roasts it vta wāwqsiw mark, sign; map ni khkēwhcekan singes, sears, roasts it vti1 wāwqsam moves something so; makes signs by hand vai1 single file ennekw come in single file vai2 pītāwantowak signboard enter in single file vai2 pīhtikawantowak printing, signboard, newspaper ni masēnāhkatw go out in single file vai2 sāketawantowak silent singly is quiet, silent vai1 pahkāhesew one at a time, one each, singly, one now and then, only is still; is quiet, silent vii pahkān a few part nānekot silently sink (V) quietly, silently, without sound or movement part falls or sinks through a hole vii pōhphnen senawāq falls, sinks through a hole vai7 pōhphsen quietly, silently; without damage, safely part nawāq sinks down, comes down flat vai7 nāsehsen silk sinks down, comes down flat vii nāsehnn ribbon, satin, silk na snepān sinks into mud, is mired vai7 nōpecēskewhsen sinks into mud, is mired vii nōpecēskewhnen
207 sinks into, lies snugly in something solid vai7 they are like brother(s) and sister(s) to each other vii khtāhkihsen okūqsemāhtimakaton sinks through the snow leaving a hole vai7 treats him, her, them as brother(s) and/or sister(s) vta pōhpakonhsen owītesyanemw sinks through the snow leaving a hole vii younger brother or sister of a girl or woman na pōhpakonhnen wmehset sinner younger brother or sister na ohsēmhsemāw is a sinner, is given to sinning vai1 pqcīqtāckiw sister-in-law sinner na pqcīqtāckiw my sister-in-law, my brother-in-law dna nēnem sister sit are brother(s) and/or sister(s) vai2 ohsēmhsēhtowak are there, sit there two together vai1 nīswapewak are brothers and sisters to each other vai2 are there, sit there two together vii nīswaqtwan owītesyanehtowak floats, sits still on the water, soaks vai7 enākīhcen are like brother(s) and sister(s) to each other vai2 floats, sits still on the water, soaks vii enākīhtw okōqsemāhtowak is in place, sits, dwells having something on, close to brother(s) and/or sister(s) na ohsēmhsēhtowak his, her its person vai1 kekāpew has (someone as) a younger brother or sister vai1 is placed, sits so high vai1 enspapew ohsēmhsew is put away, is safe in a proper place, sits in his, her, its has (someone as) an elder sister vai1 omēhsew proper place vai1 sakāhkapew has, treats her as a sister (a man); has, treats him as a lies, sits firmly in place vai7 sōhkehsen brother (a woman) vta okōqsemamw lies, sits firmly in place vii sōhkehnn has, treats her as a sister, friend vta owētekhkomw makes him, her, it sit, seats him, her, it vta apēhw has, treats her as an elder sister vta omēhsemw sit forming a circle vai1 kiaqtapewak has, treats him or her as a younger brother or sister vta sits alone vai1 mōsakapew ohsēmhsemw sits around vai1 kēwatapew have, treat each other as sisters, friends vai2 sits at a distance from him, her, it vta whtapēqtaww owētekhkohtowak sits at a distance from it vti1 whtapēqtam my little sister (man speaking), my little brother sits at that side, close up there vai1 ohtāpew (woman speaking) dna nekōqsemāhsh sits at the front, at the prow vai1 menqtamapew my older sister; female person older than I dna nemēh sits comfortably vai1 menuapew my sister (man speaking), my brother (woman sits facing in that direction, in that manner; moves his, speaking); my parallel cousin of opposite sex dna her, its seat there, towards there vai1 enātapew nekōqsemaw sits facing that way vai1 enāqnamapew my sister, my female parallel cousin, friend, companion (woman speaking) dna nētekh sits facing towards us vai1 pītāqnamapew my younger brother or sister; person younger than I dna sits high and dry; is entirely without funds, has no nhsēh money vai1 payhkwapew older sister, girl or woman who is older na omēhsemaw sits in relation to, close up to him, her, it vta ohtāpēqtaww sister of a brother or brothers; brother of a sister or sisters na okōqsemamāw sits in relation to, close up to it vti1 ohtāpēqtam sister of a girl or woman na owētekhkomaw sits in that manner vai1 enāpew sisters, friends na owētekhkohtowak sits in the dark; is there in the dark vai1
208 kīskanītephkapew are six in number vii nekūtuasetāhnenon sits in the dark; sits, lies, is there as a dark object vai1 six card na nekūtuasetāhsew nqsekapew six coins part nekūtuasetāhnwaph sits in the dark; sits, lies, is there as a dark object vii six days part nekūtuasetāhnokon nqsekaqtw six fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nekūtuasetāhnōsken sits near him, her, it vta apēqtaww six groups, sets, pairs, nations part nekūtuasetāhniwan sits near it; sits, lives on it vti1 apēqtam six hundred part nekūtuasetāhnwak sits on something vai1 atōtapew six sticks, spools, rolls, loaves ni nekūtuasetāhnuahtek sits or is placed facing away, is placed face down vai1 six strings, rows part nekūtuasetāhnwapik anmapew six thousand part nekūtuasetāhnīhnakōhsh sits restlessly, with constant changes of position vai1 six times part nekūtuasetāhnenoh kesēpatapew six part nekūtuasetah sits rigidly erect vai1 sāqsakatapew sixteen sits sideways vai1 pemēthkipew sixteen part metātah nekūtuasetah-enēh sits trembling vai1 nenhkatapew sixty sits up at night, sits in the dark vai1 nīppew part nekūtuasetah metātah sits with legs crossed vai1 āsuakanpew sixty-five part nekūtuasetah metātah nianan-enēh sits, dwells lonesomely vai1 nanīqtakapew size sits, sits down, is in place, is there; there is some of him, is of this size vai1 omnekōhkosew her, it vai1 apēw is of this size vii omnekūhkwat sits, stays dry vai1 phkwapew sizzle sits, stays restlessly, impatiently vai1 sekātapew cooks noisily, sizzles, sputters, crackles vii sits vii apēmakat kāketowtw turns in his, her, its seat, faces around as he, she, it sits sizzles; is splashed with something hot vai2 kāqsow vai1 kohkāpew skate (N) sit down skate, pair of skates; ski, pair of skis ni sūwatyakan sits down by him, her, it vta onāpēqtaww skate (V) sits down by it vti1 onāpēqtam skates, skis vai2 sōwatow sits down vai1 onāpew ski (N) sits down vai7 meshsen skate, pair of skates; ski, pair of skis ni sūwatyakan sit on ski (V) sits on it (egg, eggs) vti1 petākoskam skates, skis vai2 sōwatow sit out skillful sits out the winter idiom pepōn apēw is skillful, good at it vai1 nhēwesew sit up is skillful, is good at it vti1 nhiahkam sits up straight vai1 ehkuapew skillfully sit with good at, knowing how, doing it well; given to doing it; sits with him or her (as a symbol of marriage) vta well able to, skillfully, given to prev nhēh- wētapemw makes, does it skillfully; gets it; hunts with a jacklight six vti2 nhēhtaw are six in number vai1 nekūtuasetāhsewak
209 skim wēnanēhtaw skimming ladle ni mamāhekan skins and cuts up game, does butchering vai1 skin (N) wēnanēhcekw badger pelt, skin na mqnakwahkakom skins him, her, it vta poqsahw bearskin ni awhshsakom skins it vta cīhsīkenw beaver pelt, skin na namhkwakom skins it vti1 cīhsīkenam boils off its skin, husk vta kecēhkoneysīw skins it vti1 poqsaham boils off its skin, husk vti1 kecēhkoneysam skip deerskin ni aphsosokom bounds, skips vai7 tīqtīhsen goatskin na menūkuaposwakom bounds, skips vii tīqtīhnen has bad skin vai1 macēnōkw gets him, her, itself across; skips across vai1 is white-skinned vai1 wāpeskiww pāsetāhkiqtaw mink skin na sāhkīhsewakom gets skipped, passed over without being acted upon vai1 my skin dni nenōk pāsenw jumps over him, her, it; skips, omits him, her, it from an otter skin na mekīkwakom action vta pāsetahw porcupine skin na ketmīwakom jumps over it; skips, omits it from an action vti1 rabbit skin na wāposokom pāsetaham raccoon skin na hsepanakom runs differently, runs funny, runs without care, skips, rots away, festers, has a skin eruption vai1 nēkeskaw hops, jumps vai4 matāpipahtaw sheepskin na mānestānehsewakom skirt skin of fruit or vegetable, its skin ni otākom skirt, dress ni enāhpes skin top for the water drum phrase tōwahkh- skirt, dress ni tnāhpes wiahkīhpecekan skirt ni āphtaw-enāhpes someone's skin dni menōk skirt ni metnāhpes weasel skin na sekōhsewakom skull with the skin on part kekākom breaks his, her, its skull vta pīhkethphw skin (V) his or her skull; skull (animal) dni wēnekan cuts it up into small bits; skins and carves it (a my skull dni nēnekan slaughtered animal) into small cuts vta pēqsananehw skull (human) dni mēnekan is skinned and cut up, butchered, dressed, cleaned vai2 wēnanēhcekasow skunk skunk na sekāk is skinned and cut up, butchered, dressed, cleaned vii wēnanēhcekatw smells of skunk vai1 sekākimyakosew peels, pares, skins it using a knife vta cēhshkonw smells of skunk vii sekākimyakwat peels, pares, skins it using a knife vti1 cēhshkotam sky is clear (the sky), is clear weather vii muqsāhkwat peels, skins it by hand vti1 cēhsenam is cloudy (the sky) vii nekuanahkwat peels, skins it vta cēqsahw is red (the sky) vii mhkīwahkwat peels, skins, scales him, her, it by hand vta cēhsenw sky, heaven ni kēsek skins and cuts it up, butchers, dresses it vta wēnanehw slab skins and cuts it up, butchers, dresses it vti2 cuts it into scraps, slabs vta sīkiponw
210 cuts it into scraps, slabs vti2 sīkipotāw sleeper slam sleepers, morning eyes, sand in your eyes when you hurls, slams it down on something hard vta wake up ni māmenīqkwan pākāhtawhsemw sleepers, sand in your eyes when you wake up dna hurls, slams it down on something hard vti2 nemneqkom pākāhtawhnetaw sleepy slander is sleepy vai1 kakūhkwaqsew speaks falsely of it, slanders it vti1 kēwanhtam sleet (V) speaks falsely, ill of him or her, slanders him or her vta is sleeting vii kenkepīqnen kēwanmw sleeve slant is short in the sleeves vii tatāskwanakīken on slanting ground, on the hillside part īqsawyāhkyah sleigh sled (N) crawls, slithers; drives in a wagon, sleigh vai2 otācekow sled, sleigh na soqsomāhakan sled, sleigh na soqsomāhakan sled, toboggan na soqsomakon sleigh na pepūnetacekwan sled na pepūnetacekuahsh vehicle, car, wagon, sleigh, buggy na otācekwan sled na pōnetacekwan slender sled (V) is a slim, slender person vai1 māskapwsew slides, coasts; sleds vai1 soqsomākw is slim, slender vai1 nahneyawsew sleep (V) slice has slept enough vai2 tpehkwamow cuts, slices him, her, it through vta kīskesiw lies, sleeps, stays till morning, reaches morning vai7 cuts, slices it through, off vta kēskesw wāpanhsen cuts, slices it through, off vti1 kēskesam person who sleeps a lot na nephkiw slices him, her, it in two vta paqsesīw put each other to sleep, one puts another to sleep; sleep slices it fine, grinds it vti1 pēqsesam together, in the same place, house, or bed; go to sleep slices it fine vta pīqsesiw vai2 nephetowak slices it in two vti1 paqsesam puts him, her, it to sleep vta nephw slices it thin vta pepākesiw sleep together vai2 wēhphtowak slices it thin vti1 pepākesam sleeps a bit, naps vai1 sūpehkuaqsew slick sleeps a bit, naps vai2 sūpehkwamow is smooth, slick, slippery vai5 osāqsen sleeps a lot vai1 nephkiw is smooth, slick, slippery vii osāqsiw sleeps at his or her house vta nepqtaww slide (V) sleeps soundly vai2 sūhkehkwamow slides down in his or her seat vai1 asāqtaw sleeps too much, oversleeps vai2 osāmehkwamow slides, coasts; sleds vai1 soqsomākw sleeps well vai2 menīhkwamow slips and falls, slides vai2 osāqsepesow sleeps with him, her, it vta wēhpemw slighted sleeps with it vti1 wēhphtam feels slighted, ignored vai1 mhtāww sleeps with someone, sleeps double vai1 wēhpw slim sleeps vai2 nepw is a slim tree, stick vai1 nahnāhkosew sleeps vii nepmakat is a slim tree, stick vii nahnāhkwat
211 is a slim, slender person vai1 māskapwsew drags, carts him, her, it down a slope vta is slim, slender vai1 nahneyawsew nōhsemetācemw slimy drags, carts it down a slope vti2 nōhsemetācehtaw is soaking wet, is slimy liquid vii osāqsapoww on the uphill slope ni āqnamāhkyah slip (underdress) walks down a slope vai1 nōhsemōhnw slip, underdress ni pēhtawāhpes slope (V) slip (V) slopes down (the land) vii nūhsemāhkiwew lets him, her, it slip from his or her hand vta sōhkonw slow lets him, her, it slip, drop from his or her hand vta is slow on his or her feet vai7 ptakocen pannw is slow vai1 ptesew lets it slip from his or her hand vti1 sōhkonam makes it slowly; makes him, her, it be slow vta lets it slip, drop from his or her hand vti1 pannam pcehw slips and falls, slides vai2 osāqsepesow makes it slowly; makes it be slow vti2 pcehtaw slips and falls vai7 sūhkihsen slowly slips repeatedly vai7 suqsūhkihsen deals with, approaches him, her, it slowly; lets him, her, it act slowly vta nahkācehw slip of the tongue makes a slip of the tongue vai2 pqcetonmow deals with, approaches it slowly; lets it act slowly vti2 nahkācehtaw speaks ungrammatically, makes slips of the tongue vai1 kēwanēqnesew goes, glides slowly vai2 pcepesow goes, glides slowly slip up vii pcepetw makes a false move, slips up in his or her action or grows slowly vai1 pcekew work, makes a mistake vai1 kēwāceqtaw makes it go slowly vta pshkāqnw slipper makes it go slowly vti2 pshkāqtaw sock, slipper ni kūhkomtīh moves, goes slowly vai1 pshkaw slippery paddles, swims slowly vai1 pcecemw is slippery from the wet vai1 osāqsapaww slowly, gently, easily part nahkāc is slippery from the wet vii osāqsapaww slowly part naqk † is slippery, icy, there is smooth ice vii osāqshkwat talks slowly vai1 pcetonskaw is slippery vai1 osāqsaww slushy is smooth wood, is a slippery floor vii osāqshnakat is slushy underfoot, there is wet snow vii suakan is smooth, slick, slippery vai5 osāqsen small is smooth, slick, slippery vii osāqsiw are small vai1 papiasewak slippery elm are small vii papēwaton slippery elm bark ni osāqsekop chops it to small pieces vta pēqsekahw slippery elm tree na osāqsekopāhtek chops it to small pieces vti1 pēqsekaham slither cuts it up into small bits; skins and carves it (a crawls, slithers; drives in a wagon, sleigh vai2 otācekow slaughtered animal) into small cuts vta pēqsananehw sliver-cat cuts it up into small bits vti2 pēqsananehtaw creaking branches (sliver-cat) na kesēph cuts, whittles it up small vta pēqshkonw slope (N) cuts, whittles it up small vti1 pēqshkotam declivity, downhill slope of the land ni nūhsemāhkiw folds him, her, it up small vta paykonw
212 folds it up small vti1 paykonam smells burnt vii wēnotwemyakwat grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vta smells decayed vai1 ancemyakosew pēqseponw smells decayed vii ancemyakwat grinds it up, cuts, breaks, pulls it to small pieces vti2 smells fishy vai1 namqsemyakosew pēqsepotāw smells fishy vii namqsemyakwat has small, thin legs vai1 papēwekatw smells good in cooking or burning vai2 menīmiaqsow is small vai1 nahnesew smells good in cooking or burning vii menīmiaqtw is small vii nahnet smells good vai1 wīhkemyakosew makes him, her, it small vta nahnehw smells good vii wīhkemyakwat makes it small vti2 nahnehtaw smells him, her, it, gets the scent of him, her, it vta shapes it small or narrow by hand vta nahnatnw menāmw shapes it small or narrow by hand vti1 nahnatnam smells it, gets the scent of it vti1 menāhtam smartweed smells of skunk vai1 sekākimyakosew smartweed ni wēqsakpak smells of skunk vii sekākimyakwat smash smells smoky, like smoked things vai1 falls smashing his or her flesh, gets a festering bruise wīskwaqtwemyakosew vai7 pekskawhsen smells smoky, like smoked things vii smashes it by tool vta pīkwahw wīskwaqtwemyakwat smashes it by tool vti1 pīkwaham smells smoky vai1 nqtwemiakosew smashes, crushes it bodily in his or her hand vta smells smoky vii nqtwemiakwat pīkocinw smells, sniffs at him, her, it, sniffs him, her, it up vta smashes, crushes it bodily in his or her hand vti1 pīcemyamw pīkocinam smells, sniffs at it, sniffs it up vti1 pīcemiahtam smashes, mashes it vta sāqsakwahw stinks, smells vii menūkwat smashes, mashes it vti1 sāqsakwaham smile smashes, mashes something vai1 sāqsakwahekw laughter, laugh, smile ni āynin smear (V) smiles vai2 sōmehkow rub, spread, smear, paint vai2 esuahekow smoke (N) rubs him, her, it with something; paints, daubs, smears, go out as smoke; come out (smoke) vii sāketapaqtw anoints him, her, it; misinforms, fools him or her vta is driven away by smoke vai2 mēwāpaqsow sesuahw is full of smoke (the air) vii wīnosāhkwat rubs it with something; applies a small amount of it with is put into smoke, preserved by being smoked; is a brush; paints, daubs, smears, anoints it vti1 sesuaham bothered by smoke vai2 nqsow smell (V) makes good smoke, there is good smoke, good draft for can be smelled in cooking or burning, reaches one (the the fire vii menuapaqtw scent of it cooking or burning) vai2 pīcemiaqsow makes smoke; smudges vai1 nqtenekw can be smelled in cooking or burning vii pīcemiaqtw smoke hole in roof of wigwam ni khtnikamek can be smelled, the scent of him, her, it reaches one vai1 smoke ni nqtw pīcemyakosew smudge-bucket, smoke-bucket ni nqtenekan can be smelled vii pīcemyakwat there is smoke going through the air vii pemāpaqtw smells burnt vai1 wēnotwemyakosew
213 smoke (V) Smoky Falls causes, invites him or her to smoke vta ohpuahw at Smoky Falls ni Nqthnenoh causes, invites people to smoke, gives a smoking party smooth or ceremony vai1 ohpuaheww is smooth stone or metal vai1 osāqsaphkesew eats, drinks, smokes so much of it vti1 ahpēhtahtam is smooth stone or metal vii osāqsaphkat gets or is smoked, gets prepared or preserved by is smooth wood, a smooth board vai1 smoking vii wīskwaqtw osāqshnaksew gets, is smoked, gets prepared, preserved by smoking is smooth wood, is a slippery floor vii osāqshnakat vai2 wīskwaqsow is smooth, slick, slippery vai5 osāqsen has smoked enough vai1 tpehkamāw is smooth, slick, slippery vii osāqsiw has smoked enough vai2 tpanosow is smooth vai5 sōskon is put into smoke, preserved by being smoked vii is smooth vii sūskiw nqtw smoothe make each other smoke; smoke together, hold a smoothes it with his or her hand vta sōskonw smoking ceremony vai2 ohpuahetowak smoothes it with his or her hand vti1 sōskonam makes a roast, smokes meat for him or herself vai2 smudge apuahsow makes smoke; smudges vai1 nqtenekw puts him, her, it in smoke, smokes it vta nqtenw smudge-bucket, smoke-bucket ni nqtenekan puts it in smoke, smokes it vti1 nqtenam snag smokes (tobacco) vai2 ohpīw gets snagged, is stopped by bushes vai7 ānuahkicen smokes a lot vai1 wanācehkamāw snail smokes it, preserves it by smoking vta nqsiw snail na pīmeskih smokes it, preserves it by smoking vti1 nqsam snake smokes too much vai1 osāmehkamāw blowing snake na nww smokes too much vai2 osāmanosow garter snake na osāqsaww-kenūpikōhsh smoking stuff ni ohpuan grass snake na askēpak-kenūpik stops smoking vai1 pōnehkamāw great serpent (hairy, horned, with deerlike head, living stops smoking vai2 pōnanosow underground or underwater) na mēqsekenpik uses it for smoking vta ohpuanw horned snake that lives in water na mēqsekenūpik uses it for smoking vti1 ohpuatam pine snake na anuah smoky rattlesnake na senāwqtaw smells smoky, like smoked things vai1 redheaded pine snake na mhkīthpw wīskwaqtwemyakosew snake na kenūpik smells smoky, like smoked things vii species of dangerous snake na shsīkww wīskwaqtwemyakwat water snake na nepīs-kenūpik smells smoky vai1 nqtwemiakosew weeping willow, snake tree na kenūpikuahtek smells smoky vii nqtwemiakwat snake-grass tastes smoky, like smoked things vai1 blue-eyed grass, snake-grass, plantain-leaved sedge ni wīskwaqtwepokosew kenūpikwas tastes smoky, like smoked things vii snap (N) wīskwaqtwepokwat button, snap, zipper na/ni kepuahkwahekan
214 snapping turtle snore soft-shell turtle, snapping turtle na nōhkehknāh snores vai2 kāskecyanhkwamow snare (N) snot tracks him, her, it into a snare vta petāhahnw my snot dna netānekom snare (V) snot-nosed gets snared vai2 petāhahsow has a dirty nose, is snot-nosed vai1 wēnetanekomw snatch snow snatches him, her, it vta mamēponw goes, walks on a snowcrust vai7 wanhsen snatches him, her, it vta nawāceponw on the surface of the snow part wahkētākon snatches it vti2 mamēpotaw snow (N) snatches it vti2 nawācepotāw autumn snow na kēmahoww sneak begins (rain, snow) vii wpepīqnen peeks at him, her, it, sneaks a look at him, her, it vta clears the snow from it vti1 cēhkakonham kēmāpamw clears, sweeps the snow away vai1 cēhkakonhekw peeks at it, sneaks a look at it vti1 kēmāpahtam expanse of snow ni kōn sneaks away, escapes, runs away, gets away vai1 is free of snow (the ground) vii nēpehtw kēmēw is full of snow, covered with snow, snowy, there is snow sneaks up close, stealthily approaches something vai1 on the ground vii kōnēwew kēmōshkacekw is full of snow, covered with snow vai1 kōnēwew sneaks up on it, stealthily approaches it vti1 is slushy underfoot, there is wet snow vii suakan kēmōshkam is snowy, there is snow on the ground vii kōnōwew sneaks up on it, stealthily approaches it vti1 pants, pair of pants; snow pants ni kepūtīq nawēnham removes it (snow) vta makānahw sneaks up on, stealthily approaches him, her, it vta sinks through the snow leaving a hole vii kēmōshkaww pōhpakonhnen sneaks up on, stealthily approaches him, her, it vta snow is crusting, crusty vii sahkākonakat nawēnhw snow pants ni kōn kepūtīq sneakily snow na kōn secretly, sneakily, stealthily, surreptitiously part kēmōc snowcrust ni wanw sneeze the first snow that falls in autumn na kawāskahekw sneezes vai1 aqciahnw there is a crust on the snow vii wanw sniff there is deep snow vii nīskatkonakat smells, sniffs at him, her, it, sniffs him, her, it up vta pīcemyamw snow (V) smells, sniffs at it, sniffs it up vti1 pīcemiahtam rains, snows excessively vii osāmepīqnen sniffs it, sniffs at it vti1 kocīmiahtam snows lightly vai1 pēwqsew sniffs, sniffs at him, her, it vta kocīmiamw snows vii pqnan stops raining, snowing vii anuapīqnan snipe snipe, plover na tūtīs stops raining, snowing vii pūnepīqnen snoop snowfall watches, observes things, snoops vai1 cēqnapāhcekw is overtaken by snowfall, is out in a snowstorm vai1 pqnanmew
215 snowman soaks it loose, pliable vta āpowēqnemw snowman na kōn enniw soaks it loose, pliable vti2 āpowēqnetaw snowplow soaks until soft vai1 nhkāpāww snowplow na makānakahekw soaks until soft vii nhkāpāww snowshoe (N) soap (N) snowshoe na ākem soap flakes, washing powder ni phkīh-kesēqnecekan snowshoe (V) tool for washing; washrag, cleaning rag; soap ni walks on snowshoes vai1 ākemōhnw kesēqnecekan snub soap (V) has a snub nose vai7 sāqsakīqsahkwan soaps him or herself vai2 kesēqnecekanahosow snuff soaps him, her, it vta kesēqnecekanahw snuff na pēhcekomākan soaps it vti1 kesēqnecekanaham takes snuff vai1 pēhcekomw sob so cries sobbing vai2 ehkuatīmow to be sure, nevertheless, although, after all; in vain; isn't sock it so? part ānow my legging, stocking, sock dni netīh well then, and so part ātaq sock, slipper ni kūhkomtīh so many sock, small sock, anklet ni kūhkometīhsh the so-manieth part s sock, stocking ni kohkūmetih soak soft floats, sits still on the water, soaks vai7 enākīhcen boils it soft vta nūhkesiw floats, sits still on the water, soaks vii enākīhtw boils it soft vti1 nōhkesam gets drenched, soaked through vai1 sāpowqsew defeats it; makes it soft vti2 nōhkehtaw gets drenched, soaked through vii sāpowqnen is boiled soft vai2 nōhkesow gets soaked; soaks loose, gets pliable from soaking vai1 is boiled soft vii nōhketw āpowēqsew is made soft, of soft material vai2 nōhkehcekāsow gets soaked; soaks loose, gets pliable from soaking vii is soft, weak vai5 nōhken āpowēqnen is soft, weak vii nūhkiw is in or on water, soaking, afloat vai7 akīhcen soaks until soft vai1 nhkāpāww is in or on water, soaking, afloat vii akīhtw soil (N) is soaked clean vai7 kesīqnakīhcen is sandy soil vii nkāhkiwew is soaked clean vii kesīqnakīhtw loosens the soil; hoes, cultivates vai2 paskuahahkow prepares it by soaking vta onākīhcemw soldier prepares it by soaking vti2 onākīhcetaw is a soldier vai1 semākanesew puts him, her, it in or on water; soaks, floats, dips him, is a soldier vai1 semākenesēwew her, it vta akīhcemw soldier; jack (playing card) na semākanes puts it in or on water; soaks, floats, dips it vti2 solid akīhcetaw is firm, solid, sound vai5 paskuan puts things in water, soaks things vai1 akīhcecekw is firm, solid, sound vii paskuan soaks him, her, it clean vta kesīqnakīhcemw is firm, solid, strong vai5 sōhken soaks it clean vti2 kesīqnakīhcetaw
216 is firm, solid, strong vii sūhkiw joins in the song vai2 nahkuahamasow is long; is a long stick, solid vii kenuahkwat song ni nekāmon is whole, solid vai2 mesāhkon song ni nekāmwan is whole, solid vii mesāhkiw son-in-law Solomon's seal has him as a son-in-law vta onōhāhkemw Solomon's seal na nqsekan parent of my son-in-law or daughter-in-law dna some nethtawāw a part, a bit, some of a larger quantity part opq son-in-law na nohāh exists, there is some of it vii takuah soon is in place, is there; there is some of it vii aqtw almost, nearly; pretty soon part sakanah is there; there is some vii īmakat just a moment ago, soon, later; wait a minute; it was sits, sits down, is in place, is there; there is some of him, after a bit, it was just now part kanew her, it vai1 apēw on time, soon; until part nanās some, some of them, one or another pro ānh quickly, soon; early part wēpac someone will it really be? will it be soon? part waciaq someone, anyone pro weyak soot something soot ni wēpenāqtw something, anything; in some way pro kkōh sorcerer somewhat screech owl; sorcerer na sāhkhnw somewhat, to some degree, surely; fairly well, I'm just sore (A) about making it, I'm trying, I'll get by part niwk has sore eyes vai2 ayāskewanakēqkow somewhere is red-eyed, has sore eyes vai2 somewhere, anywhere part kotqnas māmhkuahpenweqkow somewhere part kotqs is sore, has something sore vai1 kētesew son sort (type) has a son, sons; has (someone as) a son vai1 okīqsew all sorts, all kinds, various, variously, in all manner of has, treats him as a son vta okīqsemw ways; improper phrase kan-kawāh has, treats him as his sister's son, as his cross-nephew all sorts, some, any sort part wēyak vta onhkwanhsemw that kind, that sort pren esēh- my son dna nekīqs that person, being, kind, sort, specimen; my uncle (mother's brother); son or male descendant in whatchamacallit, whatchamacallum pro ayāh unbroken line of my brother's brother dna nesēh way of being, occupation, affair, business; that kind of son, daughter na wkiahset thing, that sort ni esēken son, his son na okīqsemaw what sort, kind is it? vii wqsēken son na wkiqset what sort, kind of thing (inanimate)? pro wqsēken what sort?, what kind? song pren wqsēh- catches, dips it out with a net; joins in the song vti1 soul nahkuaham in spiritual form; the soul of him or her; his or her joins him or her in his or her song vta psychic person na 's otqcyakowet nahkuahamoww is a soul, is in spirit shape, is disembodied vai1 joins in someone's song vai2 nahkuahamowekow otqcyakowew
217 soul, spirit, ghost na otqcyak sound (V) soul dna metqcyak sounds Menominee, is in Menominee vii sound (A) omqnomenīwīwhnen is firm, solid, sound vai5 paskuan soup is firm, solid, sound vii paskuan brings him, her, it soup, food vta pītāpowanw sound (N) cooks it in soup vti1 napūpīqsam begins (sound, noise) vii wpīww is cooked in soup vai2 napūpīqsow falls to the ground with a sound vii pāphcehkon makes soup vai1 napōphkw gives out a sound; there is a sound, a report vii soup, broth ni napōp kāketoww sour (A) gives out a trial sound, there is a trial sound vii sour milk ni sēwehnn kotīww sourdough starter, sourdough bread na sēwehsen has an Ojibwe sound vii ocīpīwīwhnen sour (V) is not reached by the sound of him, her, it, fails to hear sours vai5 sēwehsen him, her, it vta nāwhtaww sours vii sēwehnn is not reached by the sound of it, fails to hear it vti1 south nāwhtam in the south, to the south ni sāwanoh it can be heard; the sound reaches one vii pītīww lies to the south vii osāwanowehnn listens for a sound, for the sound of someone vai1 south ni sāwanoh enakah natōhtawsew there is a south wind; is blowing (the south wind) vii makes a noise, report; discharges (a gun); there is a sāwanqnen report, sound (of a gun) vii ketōww South Branch makes a scraping sound, there is a scraping sound vii at South Branch Settlement (Menominee Reservation) kāhpiww place name Okāqtōhshseh makes a sound at a distance vii whtiww Little Oconto River; South Branch place name makes a whooping sound, there is a sound of whooping Okāqtōhsh vii ōhōpīwkat southerner makes it sound clear, accents it vti2 pakāhkiwhnetaw southerner na osāwanow makes noise that way, makes such a sound vai1 sow (V) enīwkesew flings it scattering; sows it vta sqsiwpenw makes noise that way, makes such a sound vii enīwkat flings it scattering; sows it vti1 sqsiwpenam quietly, silently, without sound or movement part sows, plants it vta asēwanw senawāq sows, plants it vti2 asēwataw stops making a sound, stops (the sound) vii kīskiww sows, plants vai1 asēwacekw there is a pretty sound vii menīww that which is sown ni sqsiwpenekan there is a ringing sound vii senāwīww spade (shovel) there is a roaring, crashing sound vii tatācekiww shovel, spade ni napākāph tries to hear, listens for it, listens for the sound of it vti1 spade (suit in playing cards) natōhtam king of spades na pīk-enniw tries to hear, listens for the sound of him, her, it vta little card; postcard; low spade (playing card) na natōhtaww pīkōhsh
218 spade suit na pīk speaks with such sound, such an accent vai1 spank enīwqnesew spanks him or her vta pāpakāskecēhkhw speaks wrongly, mistakenly vai1 kēwanetonskaw spanks, beats him, her, it with a stick, whips him, her, it talks, speaks vai2 kēketow with a switch vta pāhpakecehkhw tries to speak vai1 kocēqnesew spanks, beats him, her, it with a stick, whips him, her, it speak falsely with a switch vta pāhpakesikanhw speaks falsely of it, slanders it vti1 kēwanhtam spark (N) speaker sends out sparks (a log) vai1 pīhkehsiw speech; word; debate, council; speaker ni kīketwan spasm spear (N) has cramps, spasms vai2 ocpāhosow fish spear ni nōcehamkwan speak spear, fish spear na anīhtiy during his saying so, even while speaking thus ni spear (V) ottāneh spears fish vai1 natōhāw frightens people by speech, speaks in a frightening way spears fish vai1 natōhw vai1 skemeww special goes around speaking, telling about him, her, it vta in some way, in an odd or special way, in this way and papāmemw that part kotw goes around speaking, telling about it vti1 papāmehtam not in any special way, no great matter part kan kotw makes a mistake in speaking a foreign language vai1 specimen kēwātaww that person, being, kind, sort, specimen; makes a mistake in speaking vai1 kēwāceqnsew whatchamacallit, whatchamacallum pro ayāh speaks an Indian language vai1 mamāceqtaweqnsew spectator speaks English vai1 mōhkomānēweqnsew spectator, watcher na nwekow speaks falsely, ill of him or her, slanders him or her vta spectator na wāpew kēwanmw speech speaks falsely, wrongly, mistakenly vai2 kēwanmow angers him or her by speech vta kesēmw speaks in an evil way; swears vai1 macētonskaw frightens him, her, it by speech vta skemw speaks Menominee vai1 omqnomenēweqnsew hurries him, her, it on by speech vta wwēpemw speaks of him, her, it, talks (especially, in an joking word, speech idiom āynin-kīketwan unfavorable way) about him, her, it vta nenōmw speech; word; debate, council; speaker ni kīketwan speaks of it to him or her, informs him or her of it vta stops him, her, it by speech from doing something, nenōtamoww enjoins, dissuades him, her, it vta pesōmw speaks of it, talks (especially, in an unfavorable way) speed (V) about it; expresses it in speech vti1 nenōtam comes speeding, gliding here, towards here vai2 speaks Ojibwe vai1 ocīpīweqnsew pīhpesow speaks that language vai1 esēqnesew comes speeding, gliding here, towards here vii speaks the truth, is right vai2 onāmow pīhpetw speaks ungrammatically, makes slips of the tongue vai1 speeds along well vii menīpetw kēwanēqnesew speeds around a bend vai2 kohkwpesow speaks up in defense, retorts vai2 ohsōmow speeds leaping vii kuahnepetw
219 speeds out vai2 kecēpesow spider speeds passing over or across something vii spider web ni aqnap pāsecepetw spider na otāqnapīhken speeds passing over, across something vai2 spider na otāqnapīhkenh pāsecepesow spikenard speeds through vai2 sāpepesow spikenard ni wāpanowas speeds through vii sāpepetw spill speeds too fast vai2 osāmepesow falls and spills, gets spilled vai7 sīkwpehsen speeds too fast vii osāmepetw falls and spills, gets spilled vii sīkwpehnn speeds, flies in every direction vai2 nqswanācepesow pours out, spills in quantity vai2 sēkepesow speeds, flies, falls in that direction, in that manner vai2 pours out, spills in quantity vii sēkepetw ehpēsow pours, spills down vai7 sēkehsen speeds, flies, falls in that direction, in that manner vii pours, spills down vii sēkehnn ehpētw pours, spills it; throws it away vta sēkenw speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vai2 pours, spills it; throws it away vti1 sēkenam pēhcepesow spills it vta sīkwpehsemw speeds, flies, falls into a place, into a hole, into mud vii spills it vti2 sīkwpehnetāw pēhcepetw spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vta speeds, glides, flies into a place, goes fast inside vii sīkwpenw pīhtikpetw spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vti1 speeds, glides, flies into a place; goes, runs, drives fast sīkwpenam inside vai2 pīhtikpesow spin (turn) speeds, glides, flies to the destination, arriving vai2 goes around and around, spins around vai1 piatwepesow wāweyakskaw speeds, glides, flies to the destination, arriving vii goes around and around, spins around vii piatwepetw wāweyakskaw speeds, glides, goes back, backwards vai2 asīpesow spiral speeds, glides, goes back, backwards vii asīpetw cuts it in a spiral vta wāwīyāpīqsiw starts to speed away vai2 mācīpesow cuts it in a spiral vti1 wāwīyāpīqsam starts to speed away vii mācīpetw spirit spend animal other than a bird; animal spirit na mantōw spoils, wastes, spends it, uses it up vta panācehw God, Great Spirit na mc-awtok spoils, wastes, spends it, uses it up vti2 panācehtaw has spirit power vai1 awtokew wastes, carelessly spends, needlessly uses up, ruins him, in spiritual form; the soul of him or her; his or her her, it vta pāhpenotaww psychic person na 's otqcyakowet wastes, carelessly spends, needlessly uses up, ruins it is a soul, is in spirit shape, is disembodied vai1 vti1 pāhpenotam otqcyakowew spherical my spirit dna netqcyak is round, circular, spherical vai1 wātanikew soul, spirit, ghost na otqcyak is round, circular, spherical vii wātanikn spirit in the shape of an old man dna kemhsomen spirit, manitou; being or person with special power;
220 animal na awtok looks splendid vai1 nanāh-pakācenakosew Spirit Rock looks splendid vii nanāh-pakācenakwat Spirit Rock, Sacred Rock place name Cēhkapwaqsn splendid, first rate; delicious part ocām Spirit Rock place name Awtok Aqsn splinter (N) spit (N) gets, has a splinter vai1 kekhnw puts it on a spit or stake vta onāhkwahw it lies in splinters vai1 pīkwapew puts it on a spit or stake vti1 onāhkwaham lies in splinters vii pīkwaqtw saliva, spit na shkōm splinter (in the skin) ni kekhnen spit (roasting) split spit (roasting) ni apuanāhtek chops up wood, splits wood up small, makes kindling or spit (roasting) ni onāhkwahekan firewood vai1 pēqsekahhnw spit (V) is split vai1 paqshkaw spits on him, her, it vta shkuanw is split vii paqshkaw spits on it vti1 shkuatam it flaps or hangs split; is split-tailed (a coat) vii spits vai2 shkōw pāpaqsqnen spit out repeatedly splits it vta pahpāqsahw puts him, her, it down; spits it out, expels it from his or repeatedly splits it vti1 pahpāqsaham her mouth vta pakētanmw splits it by hand; divides it in two vta paqsnw puts it down; spits it out, expels it from his or her mouth splits it by hand; divides it in two vti1 paqsnam vti1 pakētanhtam splits it by tool vta paqsahw spits something out vai2 pakēceshkow splits it by tool vti1 paqsaham spiteful splits it with an axe vta paqsekahw is spiteful vai1 sēhkatnehtakosew splits it with an axe vti1 paqsekaham spittoon splits, divides it for him, her, it; shares it with him, her, dustpan; spittoon ni shkuakan it vta paqsnamoww splash (V) spoil falls, splashes with the sound of moving water vii gets spoiled from lying, from nonuse or mātākamiwhnen nonconsumption vii panācehnn lies splashing around in the water vai7 sahsqsopīhcen gets spoiled from lying, nonuse, nonconsumption vai7 sizzles; is splashed with something hot vai2 kāqsow panācehsen splashes around vti1 sqsopīnam gets, is spoiled, ruined vai1 panātesew splashes it up with his or her paddle vti1 ohppīham gets, is spoiled, ruined vii panātat splashes it with feet or by body-movement vti1 spoils, wastes, spends it, uses it up vta panācehw sqsopīskam spoils, wastes, spends it, uses it up vti2 panācehtaw splashes water with the paddle vti1 ahppīham spool sprinkles, bastes, splashes things vai1 sīkahapuacekw five sticks, spools, loaves ni niananuahtek sprinkles, splashes, waters him, her, it; bastes it; four sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīwuahtek baptizes him or her vta sīkahapuanw one stick, spool, roll, loaf ni nekūtuahtek sprinkles, splashes, waters it; bastes it vti1 sīkahapuatam six sticks, spools, rolls, loaves ni nekūtuasetāhnuahtek splendid so many sticks, spools, loaves ni tahnuahtek in great shape, splendid part nanāh-pakāc ten spools, sticks, loaves ni metātahnuahtek
221 three sticks, spools, loaves ni nqnuahtek spring (water) two sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīsuahtek spring (water) ni mōhkecewan spoon spring; springwater ni omānep lies like a spoon, doubled up vai7 meskwanehsen there is a spring of water vii omānepewew spoon; ladle, dipper ni meskwan spring at spot springs at, assaults him, her, it vta kotāpāmw has a spot of dirt on him, her, it vai5 mōwen springs at, assaults it vti1 kotāpāhtam spotted sprinkle is mottled, spotted, of more than one color vai5 ketāken is sprinkling, there is light rain vii pīwepīqnen is mottled, spotted, of more than one color vii ketākīw sprinkler ni sīkahapuacekan spotted pike sprinkles, bastes, splashes things vai1 sīkahapuacekw muscalonge, spotted pike na mias-kenūsīw sprinkles, splashes, waters him, her, it; bastes it; spotted trout baptizes him or her vta sīkahapuanw spotted trout na miasenamkoh sprinkles, splashes, waters it; bastes it vti1 sīkahapuatam spread (V) spruce falls scattering, spreading vai7 ohpīhsiwhsen spruce na kāwāhtek falls scattering, spreading vii ohpīhsiwhnen white spruce na kayēhnanāhkeset pekēwāhtek is spread out vai1 sīskapew sputter lays him, her, it spreading, lays him, her, it down, lays cooks noisily, sizzles, sputters, crackles vii him, her, it to bed vta shkēhsemw kāketowtw lays it spread, open vta sīskehsemw spy lays it spread, open vti2 sīskehnetāw scout, spy na tpāpahcekw lays it spreading vti2 shkēhnetaw spyglass lies spread open vii sīskaqtw spyglass ni kēmāpahcekan lies spread, lies down, lies (for example) on a bed vai7 square shkēhsen cup plant ni ayāyiqsawskah lies spread, open vai7 sīskehsen is square vai1 āyiqsawkew lies spread, open vii sīskehnn is square vii āyiqsawken lies spread vii shkēhnen squash rub, spread, smear, paint vai2 esuahekow cooked squash ni pkwasekan spreads it open vta sīskaqnw hubbard squash ni ohkānmhkwan spreads it open vti2 sīskaqtaw small squash; Indian squash ni pēwmhkuahsh spreads it out vta shkāqnw squash leaf ni wīnmhkwanpak spreads it out vti2 shkāqtaw squash, small squash ni wīnmhkuahsh spreads out in the wind vai1 shkqsew squash; large squash ni wīnmhkwan spreads out in the wind vii shkqnen squeeze stand spread out vai1 shkēkāpowewak presses, squeezes him, her, it; presses him, her, it out of place, away vta tamākonw spring (season) is spring, springtime comes vii sīkwanowew presses, squeezes it; presses it out of place, away; pulls it (the trigger) vti1 tamākonam is spring vii sīkwan squeezes him, her, it in his or her hand; milks her (the
222 cow) vta sēnenw stands alone vai1 nahqsekapowew squeezes it in his or her hand vti1 sēnenam stands around vai1 kēwekapowew squirrel stands at that side vai1 ohcēkāpowew flying squirrel na pennik stands back; stands with his, her, its back turned vai1 gray squirrel na mqsenāwanik asīkāpowew squirrel na onāwanik stands bending over vai1 nēkekapowew St. Paul stands close to it vti1 nēpowēqtam box, chest, trunk ni mahkāh stands close vai1 takīkāpowew stab stands facing in that direction vai1 enāqnamekāpowew gores, stabs, pricks him, her, it vta pacēskahw stands facing in this direction vai1 pītāqnamekāpowew gores, stabs, pricks it vti1 pacēskaham stands having, holding something vai1 kekēkāpowew repeatedly stabs it; repeatedly transfixes it vti1 stands him, her, it upright vta nemātenw pahpāsepaham stands in front, at the head, at the prow vai1 transfixes him, her, it; stabs him, her, it vta pasēpahw menqtamekāpowew stable stands it upright vti1 nemātenam stable, horse barn ni psekokasiwikamek stands leaning over vai1 nowkāpowew stag stands next in order vai1 ahkōwekapowew male animal; stag, buck na ayāpw stands off alone somewhere vii pakuanawāqtw stairway stands off alone vai1 mōsakapowew ladder, stairway ni ehkuahtawakan stands off alone vii mōsakapowew stake (N) stands on him, her, it vta atōshkaww puts it on a spit or stake vta onāhkwahw stands on it vti1 atōshkam puts it on a spit or stake vti1 onāhkwaham stands on that side of, up close to him, her, it vta stalk (corn) ohcēkāpowēqtaww cornstalk, stalk of Indian corn na asēqtakan stands on that side of, up close to it vti1 stamp (N) ohcēkāpowēqtam his little face or eye; postage stamp dni oskēhsekōhsh stands open (a door) vii pāhkehthnen postage stamp ni oskēhsekōhcekatw stands sideways vai1 pemēcekapowew postage stamps ni oskēhsekōhsan stands sideways vii pemēcekapowew stamp (V) stands still, motionless vai1 kanācekapowew stamps his, her, its foot vai1 tahkīqtaw stands straight upright vai1 pacēskekapowew stand stands up on top of something vai1 nīmekapowew gets into standing position vai1 osēkāpowew stands upright in, on something vai7 cēpacen gets into standing position vii osēkāpowew stands upright in, on something vii cēpatw rises to his, her, its feet, gets into standing position vai1 stands upright vai1 nemācekapowew nīpiqtaw stands upright vii nemācekapowew she stands close to him, her, it vta nēpowēqtaww stands, stands up; get married vai1 nēpowew stand in a group of three vai1 nqnikāpowewak turns around as he, she, it stands; stands turned vai1 stand in a group of three vii nqnikāpowewan kohkēkāpowew stand in a row vai1 nīpinapīqtawak stand two together vai1 nīsikapowewak
223 stand guard starts it moving vti2 mācīskaqtaw stands guard vai1 nōteskw starts talking vai1 wpetonskaw star starts to cry vai2 wpatimow morning star na wāpananah starts to dig vai1 wpānhkw North Star na ocīkanah starts to drift away vii mācīpokimakat sets, goes down (sun, moon, star) vai1 nīw starts to eat it vta wpamw star na anāh starts to eat it vti1 wpahtam sun, moon, star; month na kēsoq starts to flow vii mācecewan starch (V) starts to laugh vai1 wpāhpew hardens, stiffens things; starches things vai1 starts to run vai4 wpepāhtaw maskāwehcekw starts to sing vai2 wpahamasow hardens, stiffens, starches it vta maskāwehw starts to speed away vai2 mācīpesow hardens, stiffens, starches it vti2 maskāwehtaw starts to speed away vii mācīpetw is hardened, stiffened; starched vai2 maskāwehcekāsow starts to transport, lead, convey it away vti2 is hardened, stiffened; starched vii maskāwehcekātw wpāwataw stare starts to work vai1 wpanōhkw stare at each other vai2 tatākāpahtowak starts walking vai1 wpohnw stares at him, her, it vta tatākāpamw transport, lead, convey him, her, it away vta stares at it vti1 tatākāpahtam wpāwanw stares at things vai1 tatākāpahcekw start off starlight start off in single file vai2 wpāwantowak is starlight vii anāhkickiw startle start is surprised, startled vai1 ceyāqsehw gets into motion, starts going, starts off, leaves, goes makes him, her, it jump with surprise, startles him, her, away vai3 mācīw it vta cēpeqtāhnw gets into motion, starts to move, move off vii mācīmakat startles him, her, it with a touch of his or her hand vta is unruly, troublesome, crazy; starts off in a bad, foolish ceyāqnenw way; has the start of an attack of illness, of a stroke vai1 startles, surprises him, her, it vta ceyāqsehw wpesew starving runs, starts running vai1 wpēw is very hungry, starving vai1 nēwahkonw sets something, things on fire, starts a large, destructive state fire vai1 wēpaqsekw is a bad place, bad land; is a bad state of affairs vii start to, begin to prev wp- matāhkamekat starts a large, destructive fire vai1 nahkīsekw is in a bad state; is dangerously ill vai1 ānemsew starts fasting vai1 wpahkatww is stated, pointed out in speech vii nenōhcekatw starts him, her, it moving with a kick or by pushing with statue his or her body; shoves him, her, it vta statue, human image; doll, paper doll na masīnenīhsh kāhcwpeskaww starts him, her, it moving vta mācīskaqnw starts it moving with a kick or by pushing with his or her body; shoves it vti1 kāhcwpeskam
224 stay stealthy guards or tends it by staying in the house or camp; stays is stealthy vai1 kēmōtesew in it (a house or camp), watches or tends his or her steam (cook) house for him or her during his or her absence, guards heater; pot for steaming ni kesēsekan or tends it (for example, a house) vti1 nūtikatam steambath joins a group; stays with someone vai2 khpiawekow takes a steambath vai1 pēmēw joins him, her, it; stays overnight at his or her house vta tent or hut for the steam bath ni pīmikamek khpiaww steel lies, sleeps, stays till morning, reaches morning vai7 steel ni awtok-ohkōmān wāpanhsen steer sits, stays restlessly, impatiently vai1 sekātapew steers it; steers vti1 kockuaham stays around here and there vai1 kēwātesew stem stays around vai2 wēqnōhkasow small stick, piece of wood, stem of a plant; toothpick ni stays close; hangs back, holds back vai2 kqciahkasow mqtekuahsh stays impatiently, restlessly vai7 sekācehsen step (N) stays still vai5 kanācīn makes a step, sets down his or her foot vai2 anhkow stay at something step (V) stays at it for a long time, sticks patiently to it vti1 changes his or her footing; takes a step vai2 sīpnehtam yātanhkow stay away falls, steps into something, into mud vii pēhcehnn stays away from home, from a place vai6 ohthtwah gets things messed up by stepping, trampling vai1 stays away so long vai6 ahpēhthtwah ohpskacekw stays away until morning, stays out all night, stays up all runs measuring his, her, its pace or steps vai4 night vai6 wāpanhtwah ahpēhcepāhtaw stay out steps into something sticky (for example, mud, filth) stays away until morning, stays out all night, stays up all vti1 pkeskam night vai6 wāpanhtwah steps into something sticky (for example, pitch, resin) stays out until evening vai6 nhkānhtwah vta pkeskaww stay up steps noisily on it vti1 cīqcīhkoskam stays away until morning, stays out all night, stays up all step into night vai6 wāpanhtwah falls, steps into something, into mud vai7 pēhcehsen steak step on steak ni mūsīwakat feels for it with his or her foot; tries to step on it vti1 steal natūcīskam steals from him, her, it vta kemōtemw kicks, steps on, bumps into him, her, it by accident vta steals habitually, is a thief vai2 kemōthkow pqshkaww steals something, steals it vai1 kemōtw kicks, steps on, bumps into it by accident vti1 stealthily pqshkam secretly, sneakily, stealthily, surreptitiously part kēmōc steps on him, her, it; steps on his, her, its belly vta secretly, stealthily prev kēm- kīnecīskaww steps on him, her, it vta anhkinw steps on him, her, it vta atōshkyanw
225 steps on it vti1 anhkitam stick of fresh wood, green stick ni askāhtek steps on it vti1 atōshkyatam stick; small tree, sapling; toothpick na mqtekuahsh steps on it vti1 kīnecīskam ten spools, sticks, loaves ni metātahnuahtek step out three sticks, spools, loaves ni nqnuahtek walks out of a place, steps out (especially for a call of two sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīsuahtek nature) vai1 sāketōhnw wood, piece of wood, stick ni mqtek stepchild stick (V) my nephew, niece (man speaking: my brother's child; gets, is stuck tight vai7 sakāckehsen woman speaking: my sister's child); my stepchild dna gets, is stuck tight vii sakāckehnn nepuanemh peels off, comes off from where it is stuck vii stepfather pāpakōskaw my uncle (my father's brother); my stepfather dna netāh sticks tight, is attached, clings vii akīqtaw stepmother sticks tight, is pasted, stuck onto something vai1 my aunt (mother's sister); my stepmother; daughter of aqsetakīqtaw any man who is nesēh dna nenīh sticks tight, is pasted, stuck onto something vii stew (N) aqsetakīqtaw stew ni pahkīsekanāpōhkatw sticks, pastes it onto something vta aqsetakīqtahnw stick (N) stick in beech (tree, stick) na sāwmenāhtek sticks his, her, its head in vai1 pēhthkīqtaw broomstick ni cēkatahekanāhtek stick on drumstick ni pāhpakāhkwahekanāhtek sticks, pastes it onto something vti2 aqsetakīqtahtaw five sticks, spools, loaves ni niananuahtek sticks, pastes, fastens him, her, it onto something vta forked stick ni saqnawāhkwat akīqtahnw four sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīwuahtek sticks, pastes, fastens it onto something vti2 akīqtahtaw is a rough stick, tree vai1 kāwāhtekowew stick out is a slim tree, stick vai1 nahnāhkosew moves in order to stick out; peers out vai1 sākeqtaw is a slim tree, stick vii nahnāhkwat projects, sticks out vai7 akuanakocen is long; is a long stick, solid vii kenuahkwat projects, sticks out vii akuanakotw is short; is a short stick, a low tree vii taskuahkwat sticks out his, her, its tongue vai1 sāpetnaniwqtaw lacrosse stick ni pākahat stick-baby (insect) one stick, spool, roll, loaf ni nekūtuahtek stick-baby, walking stick na mqtek-nīcian picks up sticks; gathers, makes firewood vai1 sticky manhnw falls, lands, lies in a sticky substance, mud, filth vai7 poker, stick used for poking the fire ni konhsyah pkehsen ricing stick; tool for knocking things down, duster, is sticky vii sakācketw brush; place for knocking down wild rice ni pawāhekan steps into something sticky (for example, mud, filth) roasting spit ni apuanāhtek vti1 pkeskam six sticks, spools, rolls, loaves ni nekūtuasetāhnuahtek steps into something sticky (for example, pitch, resin) small stick or piece of wood, stem of a plant; toothpick vta pkeskaww ni mqtekuahsh stiff so many sticks, spools, loaves ni tahnuahtek gets stiff bones from sitting vai1 mamīcpekanpew
226 is paralyzed, stiff, crippled vai1 nepīkew stir is paralyzed, stiff, crippled vii nepīken moves, stirs vai1 mamāceqtaw is tough, hard, strong, stiff vai5 maskāwen moves, stirs vii mamāceqtamakat is tough, hard, strong, stiff vii maskāwīw stirs it vti1 wāweyakaham moves with stiff bones vai1 sēpekanqtaw Stockbridge moves with stiff legs vai1 sēpekatqtaw dweller in the east, member of an eastern tribe; Stockbridge Indian na wāpanoh-tanāhkow stiffen hardens, stiffens things; starches things vai1 stocking maskāwehcekw my legging, stocking, sock dni netīh hardens, stiffens, starches it vta maskāwehw sock, stocking ni kohkūmetih hardens, stiffens, starches it vti2 maskāwehtaw stomach is hardened, stiffened; starched vai2 maskāwehcekāsow my belly, my stomach dni nemōt is hardened, stiffened; starched vii maskāwehcekātw my stomach na nemqnat stifle paunch, stomach of slaughtered animal, tripe, entrails stifles, chokes him, her, it vta wawānanamonw na/ni wēnāqnak stifles, chokes vai2 wawānanamow stomachache has indigestion, a stomachache vai2 kēhpow still holds still vai1 kanāceqtaw stone is still; is quiet, silent vii pahkān is red-hot stone or metal vai2 mhkuaphkesow lies still, falls and lies motionless vai7 kanācehsen is red-hot stone or metal vii mhkuaphketw stands still, motionless vai1 kanācekapowew is smooth stone or metal vai1 osāqsaphkesew stays still vai5 kanācīn is smooth stone or metal vii osāqsaphkat still, yet, continuing part mecinew on top of the rock, on a stone part wahkētaqsn still, yet, continuing part meciw new stone na aqsan stone na aqsn sting (N) needle, sting, prick; quill (of porcupine) ni sāhkahekan whetstone, sharpening stone na sūhkwaqsn sting (V) stone (fruit) bites, stings him or her to crying vta shsqnamw seed, stone of a fruit ni ohkānmen pricks, stings him, her, it; gives him, her, it a shot vta stoneroller sāhkahw stoneroller (a species of fish) na tanākan pricks, stings it vti1 sāhkaham stoop pricks, stings people vai1 sāhkahoww crouches, stoops, bends over vai1 nēkeqtaw stinger gets under something, stoops under, crawls under vai1 stinger, person or creature who stings na sāhkahekw nkiqtaw stinginess stop (V) stinginess, lack of generosity ni pūsecyan brings him, her, it to a stop by hand vta nakānw brings it to a stop by hand; turns it (water) off vti1 stingy nakānam is stingy, miserly vai1 pūseciw comes to a halt, stops going vai1 nakāskaw stink stinks, smells vii menūkwat comes to a halt, stops going vii nakāskaw stinks vai1 menōkosew forbids, stops him, her, it vta kenuaww
227 gets snagged, is stopped by bushes vai7 ānuahkicen storekeeper gets stopped vai2 nakānekasow is a storekeeper vai1 atāwwenniwew gets stopped vii nakānekatw storekeeper na atāwwenniw stops an action, quits doing something; quits (his or her storm (N) work) vai1 pōneqtaw is coming (a storm) vii nhcīwat stops blowing (the wind), stops (a storm) vii pōnānemat stops blowing (the wind), stops (a storm) vii pōnānemat stops crying vai2 pūnatimow windstorm, hurricane ni koqnn stops doing something; stops eating vai1 pōnahcekw story stops drinking vai1 pōneqsew brings a story, news vai2 pītācemow stops flowing, stops running (water) vii pōnekawew finishes telling his or her story vai2 kēsācemow stops him, her or itself, calls a halt to his, her, its own narrates well; tells good news, a pleasing story vai2 action vai1 pesōsew menuacemow stops him, her, it by speech from doing something, narrates wrongly, makes a mistake in telling his or her enjoins, dissuades him, her, it vta pesōmw story vai2 kēwācemow stops him, her, it in motion vta nakāskaqnw narrates, reports an event, tells a story vai2 ācemow stops his or her horses, vehicle vai2 nakāpīnaqsow narrative, story, report ni ācemwan stops in his, her, its action or movement vai1 nakāqtaw reveals a story to him or her, explains something to him stops it in motion vti2 nakāskaqtaw or her vta sākācemīqtaww stops making a sound, stops (the sound) vii kīskiww sacred story na/ni ātqnōhkakan stops making noise vai1 pūnīwkesew tell each other stories vai2 ācemīqtatowak stops making noise vii pūnīwkat tells a sacred story vai1 āqtenōhkw stops moving, going vai1 pōnhkaw tells a sacred story vai1 ātqnōhkw stops moving, going vii pōnhkaw tells him or her the news, message, story to the end; stops shining (the sun) vai1 pōnāqsekw arrives with the message for him or her vta piatwācemīqtaww stops smoking vai1 pōnehkamāw stops smoking vai2 pōnanosow stove cooking place; stove, cookstove ni cīpāhkwakan stops talking, calling, crying vai1 pōhkoww fireplace, stove ni pōtawakan stops, quits working vai1 pōnanōhkw stove, cookstove ni kesiaphkesekan stopper stopper, cork ni kepāhcihekan stovepipe pipestem, chimney, stovepipe ni ohpuakanāhtek storage stovepipe na kesiaphkesekanāhtek prepares food for storage vai1 mēcemhkw stovepipe ni pōtawakanāhtek store (N) tube, pipe, stovepipe, lamp chimney ni kōhtakanāhtek drugstore ni maskīhkīwikamek hardware store ni ahkhkohkwikamek straight flies a straight course vai1 meyāweqnw store, shop ni atāwwikamek goes straight, straightens out, comes into proper position store (V) vii meyāweskaw puts it away, preserves, stores it vta sakāhkenw grows straight, is straight of form vai1 meyāwekew puts it away, preserves, stores it vti1 sakāhkenam grows, is straight vii meyāwekn stores things, makes a cache vai2 aqnapāhkow is a direct road; goes straight across (the road) vii
228 kahkāmepaniw looks strange vii mayākenakwat is a straight road vii meyāwepaniw new, strange part pēnoc paddles, swims a straight course vai1 meyāwecemw new, strange prev pēnoc- performs his, her, its movement or action straight; seems strange vai1 mayāknehtakosew straightens him, her, itself up vai1 meyāweqtaw seems strange vii mayāknehtakwat sits up straight vai1 ehkuapew strawberry stands straight upright vai1 pacēskekapowew gathers strawberries vai1 athemenhkw straight across part kahkām strawberry ni athemen straight, directly part meyāw strength takes, leads, conveys him, her, it along a straight course, acts, works with that degree of strength, energy vai1 straight to the destination vta meyāwianw ahpīhciwqtaw takes, leads, conveys it along a straight course, straight acts, works with that degree of strength, energy vii to the destination vti2 meyāwiatāw ahpīhciwqtamakat throws him, her, it straight or into straight position vta has strength, still has some strength vai1 sasiahkesew meyāwewpnw is so strong, has so much muscular strength vai1 throws it straight or into straight position vti1 ahpīhciww meyāwewpnam object carried on one's body to give strength or power ni walks a straight course vai1 meyāwohnw sīswahekan walks straight across, by a short cut vai1 still has strength vai1 pākesew kahkāmohnw strength, power ni tatāhkesen straight (poker) strength ni maskāwen straight (at poker) ni meyāwekn strength ni maskāwesewen straighten stretch (V) performs his, her, its movement or action straight; pulls and stretches it vti1 sīqsepiknam straightens him, her, itself up vai1 meyāweqtaw pulls it out long, stretches it as cloth with his or her straighten out hands vti1 sīpīkenam goes straight, straightens out, comes into proper position something that stretches; blackberry vine na vai1 meyāweskaw sīqsepāpīhsen goes straight, straightens out, comes into proper position stretches his, her, its limbs vai1 sūskiqtaw vii meyāweskaw stretches something vai1 sūskuakiqtaw straightens him, her, it out by hand, guides or corrects strike him, her, it vta meyāwenw hits something, beats things; strikes (lightning); comes straightens it out by hand, guides or corrects it vti1 (thunder) vai1 pakāhcekw meyāwenam hits, strikes people vai2 pakāhkow strain hits, strikes, beats, threshes him, her, it vta pakāmw strains, decants it vti1 sīhkopinam hits, strikes, beats, threshes it vti1 pakāhtam strange lights it (a match) by striking vti2 pīhkehnetāw finds him, her, it strange in appearance vta strikes him, her, it down, knocks him, her, it away vta mayākāpamw ahpāketakanamw finds it strange in appearance vti1 mayākāpahtam strikes it down, knocks it away vti1 ahpāketakanāhtam is strange, unfamiliar, changed vii mayākat strikes, hits him, her, it by accident vta pqtakanamw looks strange vai1 mayākenakosew
229 strikes, hits it by mistake vti1 pqtakanāhtam strong, whoops it up vti1 onuahtam string (N) is tough, hard, strong, stiff vai5 maskāwen five strings, rows part niananwapīk is tough, hard, strong, stiff vii maskāwīw four strings, rows part nīwuapīk manages, is strong enough, to lift him, her, it in his or one string, row part nekūtuapīk her hands vta ketēskenw rope, cord, string; boundary line ni kāhkap manages, is strong enough, to lift it in his or her hands six strings, rows part nekūtuasetāhnwapik vti1 ketēskenam so many strings, rows part tahnuapīk strong person na tatāhkesew ten strings, rows part metātahnwapīk struggle thread, little string, rope ni kāhkapēhsh jerks around, struggles; acts excited; makes a face vai1 mācehkīskaw three strings, rows part nqnwapīk rob each other; struggle for possession of something two strings, rows part nīsuapīk vai2 mahkāhtowak violin string ni kāketopīhekanyāp stubborn strip (V) is unheeding, stubborn vai1 sōhkhtawakw peels it off by hand, strips it away vta pāpakonw stubby peels it off by hand, strips it away vti1 pāpakonam has stubby fingers vai1 temēnhciw strive stuck strives for it vti1 āyāhsiahkam gets him, her, it stuck, blocked vta pāqtāhsemw strives to get him, her, it, works at it; courts him or her; gets it stuck, blocked vti2 pāqtāhnetaw illicitly consorts with him or her vta mēhkemw strives to get it, works at it vti1 mēhkehtam student student, schoolchild na wāpahtaw strives, endeavors vai1 nanāqtiqtaw student phrase wāpahtah nīcian takes pains, strives, endeavors vai2 mēhkemow student phrase wāpahtah pmāteset stroke (N) is unruly, troublesome, crazy; starts off in a bad, foolish study (V) devotes him or herself to it, studies it vti1 nqtakiahtam way; has the start of an attack of illness, of a stroke vai1 wpesew practices, studies vai1 nekāceqtaw suffers an attack or stroke vai1 messew studies, practices it, is expert in it vti1 nekāciahkam takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies him, strong are big, strong, muscular men vai1 her, it vta pemāhw mamāhkapwsewak takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies it bitter, strong pren wēsek- vti2 pemāhtaw is a strong liquid vii maskāwākamiw stuff (V) fills, loads, stuffs it vta onāskenanw is firm, solid, strong vai5 sōhken fills, loads, stuffs it vti2 onāskenatāw is firm, solid, strong vii sūhkiw is filled, loaded, stuffed vai1 onāskenw is healthy, strong, resistant to illness vai1 maskāwesew is filled, loaded, stuffed vii onāskenw is so strong, has so much muscular strength vai1 ahpīhciww is stuffed to capacity vai1 pēhkaskenw is strong, powerful vai1 tatāhkesew is stuffed to capacity vii pēhkaskenw is strong, powerful vii tatāhkesemakat stuffs him or her to prostration vta kawāskenanw is successful at doing something; enjoys it; goes it stuffs him or herself (with food) to prostration vai2
230 kawāskenansow suck stuffs him, her, it completely full vta pēhkaskenanw device for suction; pump; thing for sucking; pacifier ni stuffs him, her, it vta pīhtaskwanw nōnācekan stuffs him, her, itself with food vai2 pīhtaskwansow draws, sucks, puffs at it vta sōqsopamw stuffs it completely full vti2 pēhkaskenataw exercises suction, draws, pumps; sucks at something stuffs it vti1 pīhtaskwatam vai1 nōnācekw stuffs, gorges him, her, itself vai2 pēhkaskenansow it sucks, draws, pumps vii nōnācekmakat sucks at it vta nōnānw stumble wanders, stumbles into the water vai7 pakākihsen sucks at it vta otāhpamw sucks at it vti1 nōnātam stun stuns him, her, it by a blow with a weapon vta sucks at it vti1 otāhpahtam nekēwahw sucks at the breast vai1 nōnew stunt (V) takes swallows of it; draws, sucks at it vti1 sōqsopāhtam is killed, stunted by thirst vai2 kīhkapākōw sucker (fish) is stunted, killed, ruined by the hot sunshine vai2 black sucker (fish) na apēsampen kīhkāqnahsow sucker, carp; Norwegian, Irish person na nampen sturgeon suckle female sturgeon na wāhkow nurses, suckles him, her, it vta nōhnw flat-nosed sturgeon na npakeciankan suddenly sturgeon na namw once upon a time, at one time; all at once, suddenly part Sturgeon Bay nekōts Sturgeon Bay (WI) place name Namw-Wīhkit sue (V) stutter holds him, her, it with his or her hand, seizes or holds stutters vai2 tatātekimow him, her, it tight; arrests him or her; sues him or her vta tahkōnw sty pig sty ni kūhkūhsikamek suede leather, suede, piece of leather ni onūkīh subsides subsides (the wind) vii anuanemat suffer causes him, her, it to suffer vta kotāknehtamehw substitute takes his or her place, substitutes for, represents, fares ill, suffers, sickens or is sick, dies, in that way vai1 replaces him or her vta nāpeskaww ehpnw makes him, her, it suffer, torments him, her, it vta succeed kotākehw succeeds vai1 onāmēwesew makes it suffer, torments it; suffers from it; suffers vti2 success kotākehtaw beyond likelihood, with little chance of success part apqcek suffers from it; suffers vti1 kotāknehtam cures him or herself; brings success to him or herself suffers severe pain vai2 wēqsakamamow vai2 ennīhesow sufficient enough, sufficient, just right part tpn successful is successful at doing something; enjoys it; goes it in sufficient amount, numbers part tpīn strong, whoops it up vti1 onuahtam is there in sufficient quantity vai1 tpapew
231 is there in sufficient quantity vii tpaqtw sumac reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready part tp staghorn sumac berry ni kākākemen reaching, attaining, sufficient, enough, ready prev tp- staghorn sumac ni kākākemenakh sugar (N) summer boils something down; boils maple sap to make sugar all summer long idiom nēpen hkwah vai2 ehksiahkow is summer vii nēpen fetches water; draws sap, especially sugar sap from a is summer vii nēpenowew maple vai1 nācepiw summer, last summer ni nēpen honey ni āmōw-sōpomah sun last run sugar ni anuakawew-sōpomah goes around the earth (the sun) vti1 last, thin run of sugar from the tree ni penw-omīh kākohkāhkawiahnatam makes sugar vai2 sōpomāhkow is hot, bright (the sun); is sunlit vii sahkāqnahtw maple sugar ni sōpomāhtek-sōpomah is in sunlight, is sunlit, glitters in the sun; has the sun in pop, sugar water; vinegar ni sēwāpoh his or her eyes vai2 sahkāqsow refined maple sugar, after stirring and cooling ni is warmed by the sun vai2 apāqnahsow nkāwahekātw is warmed by the sun vii apāqnahtw refines maple sugar vai2 nkāwahāqsow sets, goes down (sun, moon, star) vai1 nīw runs as the last flow (of sugar sap) vii anuakawew sun, moon, star; month na kēsoq sugar camp ni sōpomāhkakan sun, noon na espt-kēsoq sugar maker na sōpomāhkow sun (V) sugar maple na sōpomāhtek suns him, her, itself, warms him, her, itself in the sun sugar of the last run, thin sugar ni anuakawew vai2 apāqsow sugar sap, maple syrup ni sūpomāhkwapoh sunburned sugar ni sōpomah is scorched; sunburned vai2 ocēqsow sugar-making ni sūpomāhkwan Sunday taps maple trees for sugar sap vai2 osēkahāqsow Sunday; week ni anāmehw-kēsekat uses sweetening, sugars things vai1 sēwahekw sunfish sunfish na nakūtīh sugar (V) sweetens, sugars it vta sēwahw sunflower sweetens, sugars it vti1 sēwaham sunflower na peshtahekan sugar camp sunlight trough for maple sap; sugar camp ni aqnopiakan in the bright sunlight ni muqtāqnahtyah is in sunlight, is sunlit, glitters in the sun; has the sun in suicide his or her eyes vai2 sahkāqsow commits suicide idiom nqtaw wēyaw is in sunlight, is sunlit, glitters in the sun vii sahkāqtw kills him or herself, commits suicide vai2 nqnsōw sunshine suitcase is stunted, killed, ruined by the hot sunshine vai2 suitcase ni poqshkakan mutīh kīhkāqnahsow sulk there is sunshine, shines hot (the sun) vii kesiaqnahtw pouts, sulks vai1 nhkūhkipew sulks, is mad vai1 nānhkwapew sullen
232 sunstroke surprise (N) is prostrated by the sunshine, has sunstroke vai2 by surprise, instead of what is expected part takīqc kawāqnahsow by surprise part ceyāqs supply (V) is taken by surprise; acts too quickly vai1 nanāsew is taken from there, obtained, supplied vai2 surprise (V) ohtnekasow is surprised, startled vai1 ceyāqsehw it is taken from there, obtained; it is supplied vii startles, surprises him, her, it vta ceyāqsehw ohtnekatw surprising procures it for him, her, it; supplies it to him, her, it vta in other than the usual or proper way, in an unexpected, ohtnamoww surprising way part kayqs takes him, her, it from there; procures, obtains, surreptitiously furnishes, supplies him, her, it vta ohtnw secretly, sneakily, stealthily, surreptitiously part kēmōc takes it from there; procures, obtains, furnishes, supplies suspect (V) it vti1 ohtnam suspects him, her, it vta mōnnemw support (V) suspects it vti1 mōnnehtam keep, support each other; are married to each other vai2 suspects something vai1 mōnnehcekw pemēhetowak suspend keeps, supports him, her, it, keeps him, her, it going vta flies up and is suspended; sends up dust (for example, a pemēhw road) vii ohpākotw keeps, supports it, keeps it going vti2 pemēhtaw hangs, is suspended vai7 akōcen maintains, supports, keeps, takes care of him, her, it vta hangs, is suspended vii akōtw kanāwehw maintains, supports, keeps, takes care of it vti2 suspenders suspenders kanāwehtaw ni ānehkamānan sure suspicion has a premonition, a suspicion to be sure, nevertheless, although, after all; in vain; isn't vai1 mōnesew it so? part ānow swallow (N) to make sure, to be safe in any event part sākom takes a swallow of it; takes a drag, puff at it vta sōpamw surely it surely will not fail to happen, will it?, you might takes a swallow of it; takes a drag, puff at it vti1 know, as usual, wouldn't you know? part tāweskōqc sōpahtam somewhat, to some degree, surely; fairly well, I'm just takes swallows of it; draws, sucks at it vti1 sōqsopāhtam about making it, I'm trying, I'll get by part niwk swallow (V) surely; intensely, much, especially part mmik swallows it vta kōhnw swallows it vti1 kōhtam surface on the surface of the snow part wahkētākon swallows something vai1 kōhcekw on the surface of the water, over the water part swamp wahkīcepik cedar grove, cedar swamp ni kēshkīhkiw Suring hemlock woods, hemlock swamp ni at Suring (WI) place name Nqniw-Sīpiah miasekakawīhsehkiw Three Rivers (Suring, WI) place name 'S species of swamp plant, used for tea ni mamēqsepak Nqnīhkhken swamp ni maskīk
233 tamarack swamp ni mūnepyanawīhsehkiw sweetgrass swampy wild sweet-grass; rhubarb ni sēwepak muddy place, swampy spot ni acīskehkiw sweetheart swan my sweetheart dna nēnemōhsw swan; large wild goose na wāpesiw sweetroot sway sweetroot, wild artichoke na askīpuaw moves from side to side, sways vii īnhkaw sweets swear eats sweets, dessert vai2 sēwehpow speaks in an evil way; swears vai1 macētonskaw eats sweets, is fond of sweets vai2 sēwemenhkow sweat (V) eats sweets vai1 sēwemenw sweats, is hot (from fever) vai2 kepūcīsow sweets, dessert ni sīwehpwan sweater swell little coat; sweater ni pēhshkakhsh gets swollen feet; walks with swollen feet vai1 sweep pāhsesetskaw clears, sweeps the snow away vai1 cēhkakonhekw goes upward, swells up vai1 esphkaw sweeps it clear, cleans it with a broom vta cēkatahw has a swollen foot vai1 pāhsesetw sweeps it clear, cleans it with a broom vti1 cēkataham has swollen lips vai7 pāhseton sweeps off the loose sand or earth, rakes and sweeps up swells at the belly after gorging vai1 pāhsenikew vai1 cēkatamhkahekw swells up from dampness vii pāhsekiyāpāww sweeps, rakes the sand, earth from it vti1 swells up, has a swelling vai1 pāhsesew cēkatamhkaham swells up vai1 pāhsekiw sweeps vai1 cēkatahekw swim sweet canoes, swims there, towards there vai1 esēcemw eats it as a sweet thing, with sweetening vta sēwamw fetches him, her, it by canoe; paddles, swims up to him, eats it as a sweet thing, with sweetening vti1 sēwahtam her, it vta nātahw eats sweet things vai1 sēwahcekw fetches it by canoe; paddles, swims up to it vti1 nātaham fruit, piece of fruit; sweet bread ni sēwan paddles, swims a straight course vai1 meyāwecemw is sweet vai5 sēwen paddles, swims across vai2 āsuahow is sweet vii sēwan paddles, swims along, on, past vai1 pemēcemw tastes sweet vai1 sēwehpokosew paddles, swims around; goes canoeing vai1 tastes sweet vii sīwehpokwat papāmecemw sweet corn paddles, swims fast vai2 kesiahow white sweet corn na wāpeskapemen paddles, swims fast vti1 kesiaham sweet flag paddles, swims slowly vai1 pcecemw sweet flag na wīhkh swims here, towards here; canoes here, towards here sweeten vai1 pīcecemw sweetens, sugars it vta sēwahw swims, paddles across a body of water vai1 sweetens, sugars it vti1 sēwaham mesākcemw uses sweetening, sugars things vai1 sēwahekw swims, paddles to land vai1 akuacemw sweet-fern swims vai2 onnow sweet-fern ni kepāhemenan swims vti1 noqnonam
234 swing (N) swing, rocking chair, cradle ni wqpesuakan threatens him, her, it with a weapon; takes a swing at him, her, it with something vta nemāhw threatens it with a weapon; takes a swing at it with T something vti1 nemāham swing (V) puts up, fixes, braids his or her (own) hair; swings it in table place vti2 onāhotaw is put in place, in order; it (table) is set; it (bed) is made rocks, swings him, her, it vta wāwqpenw up vii onāqcekatw rocks, swings vai2 wqpesow table ni atūhpwan rocks, swings vii wāwqpetw tablecloth swings, rocks him, her, it by hand vta wqwepnw tablecloth ni atūhpwanīk swings, rocks it by hand vti1 wqwepnam taboo throws, flings, swings him, her, it by hand; plays it (a avoids, forbids it; makes a taboo of it vai2 sasāhkow card) vta wpenw is prohibited, tabooed vii sasāhkwanewew throws, flings, swings it by hand vti1 wpenam prohibition, taboo ni sasāhkwan switch (whip) taciturn whip, switch ni sqsiwahekan is taciturn, sullen, cross vai1 nepōhkesew sword tail (N) sword ni semān bird's tail, tail feathers ni wanān sympathize has (something as) a tail vai1 osōwew sympathizes with him or her, favors him or her vta has a stub, stump of a tail vai1 temānoww wēcethamw its (quadruped's) tail dni osōw syrup my tail nesōw maple syrup phrase sōpomāhtek-sēwākametw wags its tail vai1 wqwepanowqtaw sugar sap, maple syrup ni sūpomāhkwapoh take syrup ni sēwākametw acts excessively upon it, abuses it; makes, takes, gets too much of it vti2 osāmehtaw conducts, guides, leads, conveys him, her, it, takes him, her, it along, on, past vta pemianw conducts, guides, leads, conveys it, takes it along, on, past vti2 pemiatāw conveys, takes, leads him, her, it there, towards there vta esianw conveys, takes, leads it there, towards there vti2 esiatāw cuts and takes it vta mamsīw cuts and takes it vti1 mamsam gets taken, bought vai2 mamēkāsow gets taken, bought vii mamēkātw gets, is taken vai2 mamkow
235 grabs, takes him, her, it, picks him, her, it up; adopts, away vti2 mqtawatāw accepts him, her, it vta otāhpenw takes tobacco with him or her vai2 nīmaqnmow grabs, takes it, picks it up; adopts, accepts it vti1 takes, carries a load on his, her, its back vai2 nayāhow otāhpenam takes, carries him, her, it on his or her back vta is taken along, goes along with someone, with people nayāhw vai2 wīcīwekow takes, leads, conveys him, her, it along a straight course, is taken from there, obtained, supplied vai2 straight to the destination vta meyāwianw ohtnekasow takes, leads, conveys him, her, it inside vta it is taken from there, obtained; it is supplied vii pīhtikawanw ohtnekatw takes, leads, conveys it along a straight course, straight takes a piece from him, her, it by hand vta packīnw to the destination vti2 meyāwiatāw takes a piece from him, her, it by tool vta packīhw takes, leads, conveys it inside vti2 pīhtikawataw takes a piece from it by hand vti1 packīnam touches, handles, takes him, her, it, picks him, her, it up takes a piece from it by tool vti1 packīham by mistake vta pqtnw takes along lunch, provisions vai1 nīmāw touches, handles, takes it, picks it up by mistake vti1 takes him, her, it from something, takes him, her, it out pqtnam of a snug or tight place vta ketnw take a liking to takes him, her, it from there; procures, obtains, takes a liking to him, her, it, wants to get him, her, it vta furnishes, supplies him, her, it vta ohtnw mamnemw takes him, her, it in that direction, leads him, her, it takes a liking to it, wants to get it vti1 mamnehtam away vta anmāwanw take a look takes him, her, it into the house, into a place vta peeps, takes a blinking look vai1 wāqnwatawāpew pīhtikanw take a picture takes him, her, it to a new place vta yācianw writes it, marks it; draws it, depicts it, takes a picture of takes him, her, it vta mamw it vti2 asāqtaw takes it all, uses it all up vta mqtenw take along takes it all, uses it all up vti1 mqtenam accompanies him, her, it, goes along with him, her, it, is takes it from him, her, it vta mamuaww taken along by him, her, it vta wīcīww takes it from something, takes it out of a snug or tight take away place vti1 ketnam is taken away vai2 awācekasow takes it from there; procures, obtains, furnishes, supplies is taken away vii awācekatw it vti1 ohtnam robs him, her, it of something; takes it away by force vta takes it in that direction vti2 anmāwataw mahkāmw takes it into the house, into a place vti2 pīhtikatāw robs it of something; takes it away by force vti1 takes it to a new place vti2 yāciatāw mahkāhtam takes it vti3 mamuah takes him, her, it away by canoe vta awātahonw takes people in a vessel or vehicle, gives someone a ride takes him, her, it away with him or her vta awānw vai1 pōseheww takes it away by canoe vti2 awātahotāw takes them all along with him or her, leads them all takes it away with him or her vti2 awātāw away vta mqtawanw takes it off, out, away, removes it by hand vta takes them all along with him or her, leads them all miakonw takes it off, out, away, removes it by hand vti1
236 miakonam take hold uses something (especially a canoe) to take him, her, it takes hold of people; arrests people vai1 tahkōneww away with him or her; rakes it away; sends it away by take it easy some means; sends something to him or her vta take it easy part nkāc awātahw take note of uses something (especially a canoe) to take it away with takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies him, him or her; rakes it away; sends it away by some means her, it vta pemāhw vti1 awātaham takes note of, observes, inspects, examines, studies it uses something (especially, a canoe) to take things vti2 pemāhtaw away; sends things; rakes things away vai1 take off awātahekw begins to run, takes off vai1 kāhceqtaw take back pulls it free; takes it (clothing) off vti1 kīqtenam takes, leads, conveys him, her, it back, home vta takes it off after wearing it vta sēkohkaww kīwianw takes it off after wearing it vti1 sēkohkam takes, leads, conveys it back, home vti2 kīwiatāw takes it off by hand, plucks, picks it vta pahkīnw takes, leads, conveys it back vti2 waskiatāw takes it off by hand, plucks, picks it vti1 pahkīnam take care of takes it off, out, away, removes it by hand vta attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses him, her, it vta miakonw pemnw takes it off, out, away, removes it by hand vti1 attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses it vti1 miakonam pemnam takes it off, removes it by tool vta miakohw attends to, takes care of, guides, nurses someone, people takes it off, removes it by tool vti1 miakoham vai1 pemneww takes it off vta kīqshkaww maintains, supports, keeps, takes care of him, her, it vta kanāwehw takes it off vti1 kīqshkam maintains, supports, keeps, takes care of it vti2 takes off his or her shoes, footwear vai2 phphkow kanāwehtaw takes off its fleece; cheats him or her vta mūnīkahw pays attention to it, takes care of it vti1 tatākanam take on plans for him, her, it; takes care of, looks after him, her, puts, takes, loads him, her, it (animate) on a vessel, it vta pemāhkonw vehicle; gives him or her a ride vta pōsehw plans for it; takes care of, looks after it vti1 puts, takes, loads it on a vessel or vehicle vti2 pōsehtaw pemāhkonam take out takes care of someone; nurses vai1 kāqteneww takes him, her, it out of a liquid by hand vta akuapīnw take down takes him, her, it out of a liquid by tool; ladles it out vta lowers him, her, it by hand, takes him, her, it down vta akuapīhw pennw takes him, her, it out of something by hand vta lowers it by hand, takes it down vti1 pennam akuanw sets, takes him, her, it down (for example, from a shelf) takes him, her, it out of something by tool; scoops it vta vta penēhsemw akuahw sets, takes it down (for example, from a shelf) vti2 takes it off, out, away, removes it by hand vta penēhnetaw miakonw takes it off, out, away, removes it by hand vti1
237 miakonam her with talk vta wawānemw takes it out of a liquid by hand vti1 akuapīnam talks fast, too fast vai1 wpiacetonskaw takes it out of a liquid by tool, ladles it out vti1 talks gibberish vai1 wēyaketonskaw akuapīham talks in a deep bass voice vai1 mahkēqnesew takes it out of something by hand vti1 akuanam talks like that vai1 entonskaw takes it out of something by tool vti1 akuaham talks noisily vai1 pākiqnsew takes the food out of the kettle vai2 akuahesiahkow talks nonsense, foolishness vai2 wāweyakemow takes, leads him, her, it out of a place vta sāketawanw talks nonsense, gibberish vai1 wāweyakeqnsew takes, leads it out of a place vti2 sāketawataw talks pitifully vai1 ketmākōw take pains talks prettily vai1 menīqnesew takes pains, strives, endeavors vai2 mēhkemow talks slowly vai1 pcetonskaw take part in talks to him or herself vai2 kēketotāsow associates, cooperates, plays with it; takes part in it vti1 talks to him, her, it vta kēketotaww wētōhkam talks to it vti1 kēketotam take up talks too much; is boastful, insolent, mouthy vai1 is taken up, adopted, accepted, passed vai2 osāmetonw otāhpenekāsow talks too much vai7 osāmeton is taken up, adopted, accepted, passed vii talks well vai1 pckeqnsew otāhpenekātw talks with clogged-up nose, talks through his or her nose talk (N) vai1 wīnecyanqnesew makes a loud noise with reverberation; makes noisy talk talks wrongly, mistakenly; talks indecently vai1 vai1 pahpāqsiwksew konpāceqnsew talk (V) talks, speaks vai2 kēketow begins to talk vai1 wpoww talk about endures, persists a long time; has good wind, endurance speaks of him, her, it, talks (especially, in an (at running); talks a lot, is long-winded, verbose vai1 unfavorable way) about him, her, it vta nenōmw sēpēw speaks of it, talks (especially, in an unfavorable way) goes off talking vai1 anmetonskaw about it; expresses it in speech vti1 nenōtam goes on, past talking vai1 pemētonskaw talk back makes him or her talk vta kēketohw talks back to him, her, it, replies in speech to his, her, its makes noise at him, her, it there; talks much to him, her, aggression vta nanāhkomw it vta tanīwmw talkative out-talks, out-argues him or her vta anīwetonāmw talkative, disruptive person na osāmeton quits talking, finally shuts up vai1 pōnetonskaw tall starts talking vai1 wpetonskaw are so big, so tall, equally big vai5 īneknok stops talking to, about him, her, it vta pōnemw grows high, tall vai1 espēkew stops talking, calling, crying vai1 pōhkoww grows high, tall vii espēken talk to each other vai2 kēketotātowak grows long, tall vai1 kenīkew talks a lot, too much, is mouthy vai1 osāmatonskaw grows long, tall vii kenīken talks back, retorts vai1 nanāhkomeww is long, tall; takes a long time vai1 kenōsew talks beyond his or her understanding, confuses him or is long, tall vai1 kenuahkosew
238 is so big, so tall vai7 enken tastes good, is liked (its taste) vai2 wēhkeqcekāsow tamarack tastes good, is liked (its taste) vii wēhkeqcekātw tamarack gum phrase mūnepyanaweh-pekēw tastes good vai5 wēhken tamarack swamp ni mūnepyanawīhsehkiw tastes good vii wēhkan tamarack tree, tamarack board na mūnepyanawhnak tastes it, tries its taste; tries to bite, eat it vti1 kotāhtam tamarack na mūnepyanaweh tastes nasty vai1 macēpokosew tame tastes nasty vii macīpokwat is tame vai1 wawhkesew tastes salty vii sīwehtākanepokwat tan tastes scorched vai1 wēnotwepokosew breaks things up by tool; tans buckskin vai1 tastes scorched vii wēnotwepokwat pīkwahekw tastes smoky, like smoked things vai1 tangle wīskwaqtwepokosew disturbs it; tangles it vti2 wanāhcewēhtaw tastes smoky, like smoked things vii tap (V) wīskwaqtwepokwat is tapped for sap (a maple tree) vai2 osēkahekāsow tastes sweet vai1 sēwehpokosew taps maple trees for sugar sap vai2 osēkahāqsow tastes sweet vii sīwehpokwat tardily tastes too strong vai1 osāmepokosew tardily, belatedly; only now, after the proper time part tastes too strong vii osāmepokwat kaneyh tasty tassel is a tasty liquid vii wēhkapoww gets its tassels (maize plant) vai1 sākanāhkesew tattle has its tassels out (a maize plant) vai7 sākanāhkehsen tattles, tells on him, her, it vta pāqtamw taste (N) tattles, tells on it vti1 pāqtatam appears in the taste of something vai1 mōhpokosew tavern dislikes the taste of it vta macēcpeqnw bar, tavern ni sēkenekwikamek dislikes the taste of it vti1 macēcpeqtam tea dislikes the taste of things vai1 macēspeqcekw species of swamp plant, used for tea ni mamēqsepak has little taste, is unseasoned vai1 anhnesew tea made of cedar leaves na shtākuapoh has little taste, is unseasoned vii anhnat tea ni maskīhkiwapoh likes its taste vta wēhkeqnw tea ni maskīhkiyapoh likes its taste vti1 wēhkeqtam yellow birch tea, sassafras tea na mahkūkīhsapoh likes the taste of what he, she, it eats, enjoys the food teach vai1 wēhkeqcekw makes him, her, it behave well; chastises, punishes him, tries to bite, eat him, her, it; tries the taste of it vta her, it, teaches him, her, it a lesson vta mhnāwehw kotāmw teaches him, her, it vta khkenohamoww taste (V) teaches vai2 khkenohamowekow appears in the taste of something vii mūhpokwat trains him or herself, teaches or accustoms him or tastes bland, insipid, unseasoned; tastes good vai1 herself, practices vai2 nekācehsow anhnepokosew trains, teaches, accustoms him, her, it vta nekācehw tastes bland, insipid, unseasoned vii anhnepokwat warns him or her, teaches him or her to be on guard vta tastes decayed vii ancepokwat nanāmāhw
239 teacher ācemīqtaww teacher na khkenohamowekow narrates well; tells good news, a pleasing story vai2 teacup menuacemow cup, teacup ni kuapenakhsh narrates, reports an event, tells a story vai2 ācemow teal tell each other stories vai2 ācemīqtatowak teal, butterball duck na wāhkayoh tells a sacred story vai1 āqtenōhkw tear (N; drop) tells a sacred story vai1 ātqnōhkw my tears dna nesphkok tells him or her bad news vta matācemīqtaww tear (V) tells him or her the news, message, story to the end; tears, scratches a hole in it vta tawnw arrives with the message for him or her vta tears, scratches a hole in it vti1 tawnam piatwācemīqtaww tease tells it to him or her vta wēhtamoww afflict each other (especially by warfare); tease each tell of other vai2 kakāpocehtowak narrates about it, tells of it vti1 ātotam teases a lot, is terrible in a joking way vai1 osāmesew narrates about, tells of him, her, it vta ācemw teases him, her, it vta kapōcehw tell on teases, torments him, her, it vta kakāhcehw tattles, tells on him, her, it vta pāqtamw torments, afflicts him, her, it by teasing, insult, war vta tattles, tells on it vti1 pāqtatam kakāpocehw temple teethe my temple ni neppakhtan is teething vai1 sākāpetw temporarily telegraph for the time being, temporarily part wēpah small iron or metal object; telephone, can, wire, tempt telegraph ni ohkōmānēhsh tempts him or her vta aqsemw telephone (N) tempts, induces him or her vta wpāhw iron, piece of iron, iron utensil; crowbar; telephone ni ten ohkōmān are ten in number vai1 metātahsewak small iron or metal object; telephone, can, wire, is ten days vii metātahnokonakat telegraph ni ohkōmānēhsh ten card ni metātahnn telephone ni pakāhtan-ohkōmānēhsh ten coins, ten dollars part metātahnwaph tell ten days part metātahnokon finishes telling his or her story vai2 kēsācemow ten fillings, bagsful, cupsful part metātahnōsken finishes telling the story about him, her, it vta ten o'clock idiom metātah tepāhekan kēsācemw ten sets, groups, pairs part metātahniwān finishes telling the story about it vti1 kēsātotam ten spools, sticks, loaves ni metātahnuahtek gives it a name, calls it by name; mentions, tells, says it; ten strings, rows part metātahnwapīk reads it vti1 wēhtam ten thousand part metātahnīhnakōhsh goes around speaking, telling about him, her, it vta papāmemw ten times part metātahnnoh goes around speaking, telling about it vti1 papāmehtam ten part metātah narrates to him or her, tells him or her a story vta they are ten (things) vii metātahnnon
240 tend thank you; in the proper way, acceptably part helps him or her along by hand; tends, nurses him, her, wwnen it vta kāqtenw that tend (take care of) in that direction, that way part enakah guards or tends him, her, it by staying in the house or over in that direction, over there, that way part camp vta nūtikanw emenakah guards or tends it by staying in the house or camp; stays that (animate) pro enoh in it (a house or camp), watches or tends his or her that (inanimate) pro eneh house for him or her during his or her absence, guards that is the one, it is that (animate) pro enoq or tends it (for example, a house) vti1 nūtikatam that is the one, it is that (inanimate); there it is, it is stays alone in the house or camp; watches or tends the there; it is then; that's it, good, all right; enough pro house or camp during the others' absence vai1 nūtikw eneq tender that is the one, those are the ones, it is that, those cooks it tender vta nīqsiw (obviative) pro aneq cooks it tender vti1 nīqsam that there (animate) pro ēh-enoh is cooked tender vai2 nīqsow that there (inanimate) pro ēh-eneh is cooked tender vii nīqtw that, those (obviative) pro aneh tendon where, when, if, that part 's joint; tendon which moves a joint ni pesqtakan thaw tent thaws him, her, it out vta āposiw circus tent, theater ni mamātāweqtawikamek thaws it out vti1 āposam prepares a house, dwelling or camp; pitches a tent, sets thaws out vai2 āposow up a wigwam, builds a house vai1 onīkw thaws out vii āpotw sets up a tent; camps in a tent vai1 pākeweyānikw theater tent or hut for the steam bath ni pīmikamek circus tent, theater ni mamātāweqtawikamek tent pole, wigwam pole na apāhsiy there is a performance, circus, theater vii tent ni pākeweyānikamek mamātāweqtanēwew terrible then is formidable, terrible; is a good hunter vai1 at that distance, up to that point there; then part eneh- koqtamekosew peh terrible! part nhcīwātahkamek beginning, from there on; beginning, from then on part terrify wp is terrifying vai1 koqtannehtakosew it is said that it is, was then pro enewen-peh is terrifying vii koqtannehtakwat it is, was then; it is, was, will be at that time part eneq- testicle peh my testicle dna nenqseway that is the one, it is that (inanimate); there it is, it is thank there; it is then; that's it, good, all right; enough pro gives thanks to him or her vta mamīyawamw eneq thank you for doing it, thank you for offering to do it, it then, the story goes part kanewen is good, it would be good, one is glad of it, one would there, in a place; then, through that length of time; gladly do it part wwēpac without effect; without good reason prev tasēh-
241 there; then pro enes these are the ones, it is these (animate) pro akoq when, after, then part kah- these are the ones, it is these (inanimate) pro anoq there these here (animate) pro ēh-akoh part noh these here are the ones, it is these here (inanimate) pro at that distance, up to that point there; then part eneh- ēh-anoq peh this here is the one, these here are the ones, it is this, beginning, from there on; beginning, from then on part these here (obviative) pro ēh-anoq wp this is the one, these are the ones, it is this, these from there; therefore, for that reason prev yōh- (obviative) pro anoq here and again there idiom omas nāh-omas this, these (obviative) pro anoh is in place, is there; there is some of it vii aqtw they is there in sufficient quantity vii tpaqtw they are the ones, it is they pro wenuaq is there in the dark vii kīskanītephkaqtw they pro wenuaq is there, acts there, is busy (there) at something vai1 thick tasēkew (a wooden or solid thing) is thick, broad, big vai1 is there; there is some vii īmakat mahkāhkosew over in that direction, over there, that way part boils it thick vta phnāqsiw emenakah boils it thick vti1 phnāqsam right there pro ēh-enes is boiled thick vai2 phnāqsow sits in the dark; is there in the dark vai1 is thick, broad, big (wood or other solid thing) vii kīskanītephkapew mahkāhkwat sits, sits down, is in place, is there; there is some of him, is thick vai5 khpāken her, it vai1 apēw is thick vii khpākan that is the one, it is that (inanimate); there it is, it is thief there; it is then; that's it, good, all right; enough pro steals habitually, is a thief vai2 kemōthkow eneq thief na kemōthkow that there (animate) pro ēh-enoh thimble that there (inanimate) pro ēh-eneh thimble ni kāhtahekuaqswan there it is, it is there, over there pro emeq thin there, in a place; then, through that length of time; has small, thin legs vai1 papēwekatw without effect; without good reason prev tasēh- is thin vai5 pepāken there, in place; in someone's house, dwelling part as is thin vii pepākan there, over there, that way pro emes is thin-woven vai1 sqtaksew there, towards there; in that manner prev es- is thin-woven vii sqtakat there; then pro enes lies thin vai7 pepākehsen therefore slices it thin vta pepākesiw from there; therefore, for that reason prev yōh- slices it thin vti1 pepākesam from there; therefore part yōh thing these my thing; my penis dni netīn these (animate) pro akoh these (inanimate) pro anoh
242 think thirst goes around thinking of him, her, it, with a notion is killed, stunted by thirst vai2 kīhkapākōw concerning him, her, it vta papāmnemw thirsty goes around thinking of it, with a notion concerning it is very thirsty vai2 pēhkapākōw vti1 papāmnehtam thirteen hates to think of him, her, it vta tāqtakatnemw thirteen part metātah nqniw-enēh hates to think of it, of doing it vti1 tāqtakatnehtam thirty stops thinking of him, her, it vta pōnnemw thirty part nqniw metātah stops thinking of it vti1 pōnnehtam thirty-five part nqniw metātah nianan-enēh thinks bitterly of it vti1 wēqsaknehtam this thinks carefully about him or herself vai2 in this direction, this way part yōnakah māmenonnehsow just this, this one by contrast part cīn thinks carefully about him, her, it vta over in this direction, over here, this way part māmenonnemw omanakah thinks carefully about it vti1 māmenonnehtam this (animate) pro ayom thinks it desolate, hopeless, unusable; feels desolate, this (inanimate) pro yōm hopeless, discouraged vti1 kōhpatnehtam this here (animate) pro ēh-ayom thinks of him or her vai2 onnehsow this here (inanimate) pro ēh-yōm thinks of it in that way; thinks so; thinks about it vti1 this here is the one, these here are the ones, it is this, ennehtam these here (obviative) pro ēh-anoq thinks wrongly, mistakenly of him, her, it vta this is the one, it is this (animate) pro ayoq kēwannemw this is the one, it is this (inanimate); here it is, it is here thinks wrongly, mistakenly of it vti1 kēwannehtam pro yōq thinks, expects him, her, it to be there; expects him, her, this is the one, these are the ones, it is this, these it (to do something) vta tannemw (obviative) pro anoq thinks, expects it to be there vti1 tannehtam this, these (obviative) pro anoh think highly of thistle thinks so highly of him, her, it vta ahpēhtenemw thistle na masān thinks so highly of it vti1 ahpēhtenēhtam thorn apple think of thorn apple tree na mēnēhsakh thinks of him, her, it for that reason; is angry at him, thoroughly her, it for that reason vta ohtnemw firmly, thoroughly, entirely part sōh thinks of him, her, it in that way; wishes so for him, her, thoroughly, entirely prev pōc- it; bestows such favor, harm on him, her, it vta well, correctly, properly, thoroughly prev pc- ennemw well, thoroughly, properly, correctly, right, good part thinks of, remembers him, her, it vta mhkāwenemw pc think over those thinks it over vti1 nākatawnehtam that is the one, those are the ones, it is that, those think well of (obviative) pro aneq likes, thinks well of him, her, it vta onnemw that, those (obviative) pro aneh likes, thinks well of it vti1 onnehtam those (animate) pro akeh
243 those (inanimate) pro aneh three days part nqnokon those are the ones, it is those (animate) pro akeq three fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nqnōsken those are the ones, it is those (inanimate) pro aneq three groups, sets, pairs, nations part nqniwān thought three hundred part nqnwak gives away his, her, its thought, intent; gives up hope three of a kind (poker) na nqniwak vai2 pannemow three sticks, spools, loaves ni nqnuahtek thought, plan ni ennehcekan three strings, rows part nqnwapīk thousand three thousand part nqnīhnakōhsh five thousand part niananīhnakōhsh three times part nqninoh four thousand part nīwīhnakōhsh three part nqniw one thousand part nekūtīhnakōhsh three prev nqniw- six thousand part nekūtuasetāhnīhnakōhsh Three Rivers ten thousand part metātahnīhnakōhsh Three Rivers (Suring, WI) place name 'S thousand part metātwan Nqnīhkhken three thousand part nqnīhnakōhsh thresh two thousand part nīsīhnakōhsh hits, strikes, beats, threshes him, her, it vta pakāmw thrash hits, strikes, beats, threshes it vti1 pakāhtam beats, thrashes him, her, it with a stick vta threshold kāhkawakanamw on the threshold ni kasknosyah thread (N) throat thread, little string, rope ni kāhkapēhsh clears his or her throat vai2 nanāhanamow thread (V) clears his or her throat vai7 pckekōhtakan threads a needle vai2 nāpehkow cuts his, her, its throat vta kīskekiyawhw threads it vti1 nāpenam cuts his, her, its throat vta kīskekiyawsīw threads, laces it vti2 nāpetaw throat ni kōhtakan threads, laces something, things vai2 nāpetāqsow through threaten finished, through, done prev anīh- threatens him, her, it with a weapon; takes a swing at throw him, her, it with something vta nemāhw gets thrown into jail vai2 pīhtikwpenekāsow threatens it with a weapon; takes a swing at it with throw each other onto something vai2 ahpākentowak something vti1 nemāham throws him, her, it inside something, into a place vta three pīhcwpenw are three in number vai1 nqniwak throws him, her, it onto something; knocks him, her, it divides it up into more than two parts vta nqnikw down by tool vta ahpāketahw divides it up, into more than two parts vti2 nqnīhtaw throws him, her, it prostrate by hand vta holds three of a kind at poker vai1 nqnocīnekw kawēwpenw stand in a group of three vai1 nqnikāpowewak throws him, her, it straight or into straight position vta stand in a group of three vii nqnikāpowewan meyāwewpnw they are three in number vii nqniwan throws him, her, it vta pākenw three card na nqnwasaqsow throws him, her, itself onto something, on the ground; three coins, three dollars part nqnwaph wades in, goes into the water vai2 ahpākesow
244 throws him, her, itself wildly around vai2 throw out kēwansiahkasow throws, flings, kicks him, her, it out of a place vta throws it at, to, for him, her, it vta wpenamoww sākecwpenw throws it inside something, into a place vti1 throws, flings, kicks it out of a place vti1 pīhcwpenam sākecwpenam throws it onto something; knocks it down by tool vti1 thumb ahpāketaham my thumb ni nekqcenh throws it straight or into straight position vti1 thump (V) meyāwewpnam knocks at, thumps on him, her, it (something solid); throws it there, towards there by hand vta knocks at, thumps on him, her, it with a stick or other esēwpenw solid thing vta pāhpakāhkwahw throws it there, towards there by hand vti1 knocks at, thumps on it (something solid); knocks at, esēwpenam thumps on it with a stick or other solid thing vti1 throws it to him, her, it vta pāketuww pāhpakāhkwaham throws it vti2 pāketaw pounds, drums, knocks, thumps on something with a throws, flings, swings him, her, it by hand; plays it (a stick or other solid thing vai1 pāhpakāhkwahekw card) vta wpenw runs with a thumping sound vai4 cīhkiwpahtaw throws, flings, swings it by hand vti1 wpenam thunder hits something, beats things; strikes (lightning); comes throw away garbage, thing thrown away ni pakēcekan (thunder) vai1 pakāhcekw pours, spills it; throws it away vta sēkenw thunder (V) constricts it; it thunders, there is a peal of thunder pours, spills it; throws it away vti1 sēkenam vti1 pīmāhkwaham puts down, leaves, throws away, discards things; gives is thundering, there is a thunderstorm something up; confesses (to a Catholic priest) vai1 vii pakēcekw enmhkiwew puts him, her, it down, leaves him, her, it; discards him, thunder na enmhkiw her, it, throws him, her, it away vta pakēnw thunderstorm puts it down, leaves it; discards it, throws it away vti1 there is a thunderstorm vii enmhkiwat pakētam Thursday spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vta is four days, four days old; is Thursday vii nīwokonakat sīkwpenw thus spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vti1 in such-and-such a way, how, the way how, thus part sīkwpenam s throw down tick throws it down on something for, to, before him, her, it wood tick na otāsekom vta ahpāketuww tickle throw onto tickles him, her, it vta kenāqcenehw throws him, her, it onto something (especially on the tickles him, her, it vta kenāqcenw ground) vta ahpākenw ticklish throws it on to something (especially to the ground) vti1 is ticklish vai1 kenāqcesew ahpāketam
245 tie (V) ties up two of them vti2 nīswahpetāw is tied again, ties him, her, itself up again vai2 ties, carries him or her on the cradle-board vta yātahpesow thkēnw is tied again vii yātahpetw ties, makes him, her, it tight vta sōhkenw is tied on, tied up; ties him or herself up; bandages him ties, makes it tight vti2 sōhketaw or herself vai2 akuahpesow ties, wraps him, her, it; bandages him, her, it vta is tied on, tied up vii akuahpetw wēwahpenw is tied tight vai2 sakēpesow ties, wraps it; bandages it vti2 wēwahpetāw is tied tight vii sakēpetw tiger is tied, made tight vai2 sōhkesow bobcat, wildcat, lynx, lion, tiger na pesēw is tied, made tight vii sōhketw tight is tied vai2 khpēsow fixes, nails, wedges it tight vta sūhkāhkwahw is tied vii khpētw fixes, nails, wedges it tight vti1 sūhkāhkwaham thing for tying, binding; twine ni khpēcekan gets a tight hold on him, her, it (in wrestling or fighting) ties him or herself tight, bundles him or herself up vai2 vta mamīcpenw kqtāhpesow gets through a narrow, tight place; gets through a ties him, her, it again vta yātahpenw difficulty vai1 sāpiqtaw ties him, her, it close to something vta aqsetahpenw gets, is stuck tight vai7 sakāckehsen ties him, her, it tight, ties something tight to him, her, it; gets, is stuck tight vii sakāckehnn harnesses, hitches him, her, it up vta akuahpenw has a very tight fit of it (clothing) vti1 pāqtāskam ties him, her, it tight vta sakēpenw holds him, her, it tight by a string or line; drives it with ties him, her, it tight vta sōhkahpenw reins, she or she drives it (a car) vta sakāpīnw ties him, her, it vta khpēnw holds him, her, it tight, down in place vta mecēmonw ties it again vti2 yātahpetāw holds him, her, it with his or her hand, seizes or holds ties it close to something vti2 aqsetahpetāw him, her, it tight; arrests him or her; sues him or her vta tahkōnw ties it into a bundle or pack for carrying vta mēwahkapenw holds it down in place, tight by means of a tool vta mecīmwahw ties it into a bundle or pack for carrying vti2 mēwahkapetaw holds it down in place, tight by means of a tool vti1 mecīmwaham ties it into shape, into place, ties it up vti2 ohpētāw holds it tight by a string or line vti1 sakāpīnam ties it shut vta kaskēpenw holds it tight, down in place vti1 mecēmonam ties it shut vti2 kaskēpetaw holds it with his or her hand, seizes, holds it tight vti1 ties it tight, ties something tight to it; bandages it vti2 tahkōnam akuahpetaw is held tight, trapped vai2 mecīmwahokow ties it tight vti2 sakēpetaw is tied tight vai2 sakēpesow ties it tight vti2 sōhkahpetāw is tied, made tight vai2 sōhkesow ties it vti2 khpētāw is tied, made tight vii sōhketw ties something vai1 khpēcekw is tightly in place, firmly wedged in vii sūhkāhkihnn ties things tight; harnesses, hitches up vai1 akuahpecekw sticks tight, is pasted, stuck onto something vai1 aqsetakīqtaw ties up two of them vta nīswahpenw
246 sticks tight, is pasted, stuck onto something vii once upon a time, at one time; all at once, suddenly part aqsetakīqtaw nekōts ties him, her, it tight vta sōhkahpenw once, one time part nekōtonoh ties it tight vti2 sōhkahpetāw since it is high time, with time pressing part ahkīqc ties, makes him, her, it tight vta sōhkenw so far; so long a time prev c- ties, makes it tight vti2 sōhketaw so it turns out, as it turns out, in due time part pāhpes tighten tardily, belatedly; only now, after the proper time part tightens it vti1 tatākenam kaneyh timber there, in a place; then, through that length of time; flat timber, board, plank na napākhnaksew without effect; without good reason prev tasēh- flat timber, flat board na napākekew this time, this time surely part omaqnoh time towards here, coming; in the past course of time; always a fair amount, distance, time part manēwān in the past prev pes- all … long vii hkwah time (occurrence) along, together with something or someone else, at the as many times, as many times as part tahnn same time part kōnaw five times part niananinoh always, all the time; gone part ahpn four times part nīwinoh at a wrong or inappropriate time prev wanāc- now and then, once in a while, at times part at a wrong, inappropriate time part wanāc nayānekotohken at last; for the last time part ayāckwat on every one, so many times, every time, as many times, as many times as part tahnnoh at that distance, at the distance that; at that time, at the time when part ehpeh six times part nekūtuasetāhnenoh comes about, the time or turn comes vii mīhkihnn ten times part metātahnnoh comes to pass; is here, up (the time) vii tepēhnen three times part nqninoh contrarily, perversely, just at the wrong time, too late; times, so many times, the so-manieth (after numbers) after all that part kamāc part enoh distance, time part peh tin tin evenly, equally, alike, like; exactly opposite; at the same ni askēhkoman time part tepāh tingle ever, at some or any one time part nekōtoh feels a tingling in his or her teeth, are on edge (his or her teeth) vai1 sāqsahkapetw for a short while, short time part nemēwah for the time being, temporarily part wēpah tip tips on its side vii pemēshkaw has free time, leisure vai1 tāhceqtaw tips over; makes a move in order to tip his or her canoe in due time; for a while part nāsekas vai1 kōhkāqtaw is at leisure, has free time vai1 teyāweqtaw tip over it is, was then; it is, was, will be at that time part eneq- falls flat, tips over; lies down vai7 kawēhsen peh falls over, tips over vii kawēhnen keeping busy; taking up time prev otām- she tips it over vti2 kōhkawatāw measure, mile, yard; time, hour ni tepāhekan tips him, her, it over by foot or body movement vta on the way; in the process, during the time prev enem- kōhkāskaww on time, soon; until part nanās
247 tips him, her, it over vta kōhkawanw akuanhcekehw tips it over by foot or body movement vti1 kōhkāskam kinnickinnick, red willow bark that is mixed with tips over, lies tipped over vai7 kōhkāhsen tobacco ni ahpsāwān tips over, lies tipped over vii kōhkāhnen makes an offering of tobacco to him, her, it; kindles it tips over vai1 kōhkāskaw for him or her vta sakāqsamoww tips over vai1 kōhkaww makes an offering of tobacco to it vti1 sakāqsahtam tips over vii kōhkāqtaw makes an offering of tobacco vai1 sakāqsahcekw tips over vii kōhkawmakat needs, wants a cigarette, craves tobacco vai2 manhpiw tire (V) person who makes an offering of tobacco na tires him, her, it; makes him, her, it restless vta sakāqsahcekw sekātahw plug tobacco na msāhkonet tired gets or is tired vai2 ackōw takes tobacco with him or her vai2 nīmaqnmow gets tired at his or her work, movement vai1 takes tobacco with him or her vai2 nīmeshpow ackīwqtaw tobacco for smoking na whpwaneh is completely tired vai2 pēhkackow tobacco pouch na pēhceqnemāwān is tired of him, her, it; wearies him or her vta tobacco na nqnemāw sekācehw tobacco na ohpuan is tired of it; is tired of something, of being where he or toboggan (N) she is vti2 sekācehtaw sled, toboggan na soqsomakon is tired vai1 kackīwqtaw toboggan (V) tiresome toboggans, coasts vai1 suqsūhkihsemākw dislikes dealing with, frequenting him, her, it; finds him, today her, it monotonous, tiresome vta sekāciahkaww now, today part yōhpeh dislikes dealing with, frequenting it; finds it right now, on this very day part ēh-yōhpeh monotonous, tiresome vti1 sekāciahkam toe toad cuts his or her own foot, toe through or off; gets a foot, toad na papīkwahkah toe cut off vai2 kēskesethosow tree toad na nepīskahkah has a foot, toe cut off, lacks a foot, toe vai1 kēskesetw toast my big toe ni nekqceset hard, dry bread; toast; lean, bony person na maskāhsow my toe dni nesētēhsh tobacco toenail chewing tobacco na akuanhcekan my fingernail, toenail, hoof, claw dna neskās chewing tobacco na kuanhcekan together chews tobacco vai1 kuanhcekw all in all, all together, in total, in sum, in all part mah- fine-cut tobacco na payēqseket māwaw fine-cut tobacco na wasq all together, the whole group part māwac fine-ground tobacco na pēqseposow-nqnemāw all together, the whole group prev māwac- gathers, prepares kinnickinnick vai1 along, together with something or someone else, at the ahpsāwānhkw same time part kōnaw gives him or her a chew of tobacco vta puts things together vai1 takōnekw
248 together with, with (something or someone) along pren skin top for the water drum phrase tōwahkh- kekēh- wiahkīhpecekan tomato stands up on top of something vai1 nīmekapowew tomato ni tamtōh torch tomorrow fishes with a torch vai2 wāqsiw tomorrow part wāpah torch for hunting, fishing ni wāqswakan tongue West Branch Settlement (lit. 'torch-hunting place') place my tongue dni netnaniw name Nhīhtwakan sticks out his, her, its tongue vai1 sāpetnaniwqtaw torment (V) tonight makes him, her, it suffer, torments him, her, it vta last night, yesterday evening; tonight part nhkah kotākehw too makes it suffer, torments it; suffers from it; suffers vti2 also, too part ap kotākehtaw also, too part men new teases, torments him, her, it vta kakāhcehw too, also; for his, her, its part, as for him, her, it part nap torments, afflicts him, her, it by teasing, insult, war vta kakāpocehw tool good tool ni menīhnh tornado tornado ni wāweyakqnen tool, instrument ni ayōwen torture tooth tortures him, her, it vta mamākanhw being eaten, sets his or her teeth on edge vta sāqsahkapetskaww toss brushes his or her teeth vai1 kesēqnapetw casts, tosses him, her, it up by hand vta espēwpenw feels a tingling in his or her teeth, are on edge (his or casts, tosses it up by hand vti1 espēwpenam her teeth) vai1 sāqsahkapetw tosses him, her, it out vta kecēwpenw gets hold of it with his or her teeth, gets it into his or her tosses it out vti1 kecēwpaham mouth vti1 tpahtam total has an evil tooth, a dangerous bite vai1 matāpetw all in all, all together, in total, in sum, in all part mah- my tooth dni nēpet māwaw toothbrush ni kesēqnetonākan totem totem animal of the chieftain's family (turtle, bear, toothbrush porcupine) toothbrush ni kesēqnetonākan na okēmāwenniw toothpick touch (N) small stick or piece of wood, stem of a plant; toothpick startles him, her, it with a touch of his or her hand vta ni mqtekuahsh ceyāqnenw stick; sapling, small tree; toothpick na mqtekuahsh touch (V) gets touched by foot, brushed against vii top phshkacekatw on top of a rock, cliff part wahkētāseph gets touched by foot, gets brushed against vai2 on top of a tree part wahkētāhtek phshkacekasow on top of the rock, on a stone part wahkētaqsn hurts him, her, it by touching, handling the sore place on top of the rock ni wahkētāsephkoh vta kētenw on top part wahkēc hurts it by touching, handling the sore place vti1
249 kētenam train track ni eskōtw-otācekwan-mīhekan touches him, her, it with his or her foot; brushes against track (V) him, her, it in passing vta phshkaww pursues him, her, it by tracking vta nūhswahāhnw touches him, her, it with his or her hand, finger vta pursues it by tracking vti2 nūhswahāhtaw phsenw tracks him, her, it around a circle vta kiaqtahāhnw touches him, her, it with liquid vta phsepinw tracks him, her, it around vta papāmahāhnw touches him, her, it with something vta phsahw tracks him, her, it into a snare vta petāhahnw touches it with his or her foot; brushes against it in tracks him, her, it there, towards there vta enāhahnw passing vti1 phshkam tracks him, her, it vta methnw touches it with his or her hand, finger vti1 phsenam tracks him, her, it vta nahnw touches it with something vti1 phsaham tracks it around a circle vti2 kiaqtahāhtaw touches, handles, takes him, her, it, picks him, her, it up tracks it around vti2 papāmahāhtaw by mistake vta pqtnw tracks it there, towards there vti2 enāhahtaw touches, handles, takes it, picks it up by mistake vti1 tracks it vti2 nahtāw pqtnam track down tough tracks him, her, it down vta piatwahāhnw boils things tough, is tough (his or her cooking) vai2 tracks it down; follows it (a trail or path) to the end vti2 pākosiahkow piatwahāhtaw cooks it tough vta pākosiw trail cooks it tough vti1 pākosam follows a path, trail vai2 metmow is cooked tough vai2 pākosow follows his, her, its trail back vta asīhtahāhnw is tough, hard, strong, stiff vai5 maskāwen follows its trail back vti1 asīhtahāhtam is tough, hard, strong, stiff vii maskāwīw makes a circular trail vai2 kiaqtahāhsow toward path, trail ni mīhekhsh goes there, towards there vii esīmakat road, path, trail ni mīhekan towards here, coming; in the past course of time; always in the past prev pes- train (N) train track ni eskōtw-otācekwan-mīhekan towel train na eskōtw-otācekwan towel, dishtowel ni kesīhkwan train (V) town trains him or herself, teaches or accustoms him or settlement, village, town, city ni menīkān herself, practices vai2 nekācehsow township trains, teaches, accustoms him, her, it vta nekācehw township phrase mc-ahkēw trample track (N) gets things messed up by stepping, trampling vai1 leaves too many, very many tracks vti1 osāmekonham ohpskacekw leaves tracks vai1 nahnkesew messes him, her, it with his or her feet, disorders him, make two sets of tracks vti1 nīsikonhamok her, it by passing through, by trampling vta makes small tracks vti1 papēwekonham ohpskaww makes tracks here and there vti1 papāmekonham messes it with his or her feet, disorders it by passing makes tracks here, towards here; lead here, towards through, by trampling vti1 ohpskam here (his, her, its tracks) vti1 pīhkonham messes things up by going around, trampling vai1
250 nqswanāshkacekw wanders about, travels vai1 papāmātesew mixes it up, makes a mess of it by going around, travois trampling vta nqswanāshkaww forked tree; travois na saqnawāhkosew mixes it up, makes a mess of it by going around, treat (V) trampling vti1 nqswanāshkam treats him or herself, gets (medical) treatment vai2 transfix sāposow repeatedly stabs it; repeatedly transfixes it vti1 treat as pahpāsepaham has, treats her as a cross-niece vta oqnemhsemw transfixes him, her, it; stabs him, her, it vta pasēpahw has, treats him as an elder brother vta oqnhsemw transfixes it vti1 pasēpaham treat to transform gives him, her, it drink, waters it (an animal); treats him transforms his or her appearance vai2 yācenakihow or her to a drink vta menāhw transforms his, her, its appearance vai2 kohkīnākihow tree translate a species of tree na wēqsakāhtek makes it Menominee, translates it into Menominee vti2 apple tree na mēqsemenāhtek omqnomenēwehnetāw basswood tree na wēkopemeh transparent beech (tree, stick) na sāwmenāhtek shines through; is transparent vii sāpuaqnw behind a tree or wooden obstacle, in the back of part transport ākawāhtek starts to transport, lead, convey it away vti2 behind the tree part āsawāhtek wpāwataw black walnut tree na pāskecisekanāhtek transport, lead, convey him, her, it away vta burns brush, trees, wood vai2 wēnosāhkow wpāwanw butternut tree na pakānaweh transports, conveys him, her, itself, manages to make cedar; fir; needle tree na shtākuahtek his, her, its trip vai2 pemianesow cherry tree na wīkīhsemenāhtek trap (N) chokecherry tree na phnāqnawemenāhtek goes to look over his or her traps vai1 nātaqnonākanw dead tree, dried-up tree na mqnāhkosow trap, deadfall ni katōnacekan descends on wood, comes down from a tree; comes trap ni taqnonākan downstairs vai1 penāhtaww trap (V) elm tree na anēpāhtek is held tight, trapped vai2 mecīmwahokow forest of small trees, woods ni pīqsāhkihkiw is trapped, caught under something vai2 taqnosow forked tree; travois na saqnawāhkosew is trapped, caught under something vii taqnotw hickory tree na nanāckoh traps him, her, it vta katōnanw ironwood tree na omkomyah traps him, her, it vta taqnonw is a rough stick, tree vai1 kāwāhtekowew traps it vti2 katōnataw is a slim tree, stick vai1 nahnāhkosew traps it vti2 taqnotāw is a slim tree, stick vii nahnāhkwat traps, uses a deadfall vai1 katōnacekw is short; is a short stick, a low tree vii taskuahkwat travel on top of a tree part wahkētāhtek goes, travels in the night vai1 nīpskaw plum tree na akhsemenāhtek travels around, especially by canoe vai1 papāmeskaw red cedar na mhkīhnak
251 slippery elm tree na osāqsekopāhtek gets it into trouble vti1 menhkam stick; sapling, small tree; toothpick na mqtekuahsh gives him or her trouble, makes trouble for him or her tamarack tree, tamarack board na mūnepyanawhnak vta nīskehw thorn apple tree na mēnēhsakh is in trouble, in a jam vai1 wsepsew tree vine; pith of a tree na onākesiahtek makes trouble for people vai1 nīskeheww tree, big piece of wood na mqtek trouble (V) white ash tree na kāhphnak troubles him or her vta wanāshkaww white oak tree, board na askēqtemhnak troublesome yellow birch tree na mahkūkīhsāhtek has too many troublesome duties, too much on his or her hands vai1 nīskotwsew tree toad tree toad na nepīskahkah is difficult, troublesome, high-priced, hard to get; is in a difficult plight vai2 sanākesew tremble is difficult, troublesome, high-priced, hard to get vii moves trembling vai1 nenhkeqtaw sanākat sits trembling vai1 nenhkatapew is troublesome, unruly, crazy vii wpat trembles, shudders, quivers vai1 nenhkeskaw is unruly, troublesome, crazy; starts off in a bad, foolish trembles, shudders, quivers vii nenhkeskaw way; has the start of an attack of illness, of a stroke vai1 tricycle wpesew child's small bicycle, tricycle ni nayōmekōhsh troublesome, in an evil way, no good part kanqsetam trigger (N) trough presses, squeezes it; presses it out of place, away; pulls trough for maple sap; sugar camp ni aqnopiakan it (the trigger) vti1 tamākonam trout pulls the trigger of it, discharges it vti1 brook trout na namkoh peskuaphknam spotted trout na miasenamkoh trigger ni 's sāqsaknamh truck trillium truck, bus na mc-otācekwan trillium ni wayāpeskāqnek truly trim truly, really, genuine, in earnest, with real intention part is trimmed with ribbons vai2 snepānekwasow kqten is trimmed with ribbons vii snepānekwatw truly, really, indeed, very much part whcetaw trip (N) truly, really, indeed, very much part whtanew transports, conveys him, her, itself, manages to make trump (N; in cards) his, her, its trip vai2 pemianesow plays a trump card vai1 natuahkw tripe trump (N; in cards) ni pakāhcekan paunch, stomach of slaughtered animal, tripe, entrails trump na natuap na/ni wēnāqnak trump (V) trot trumps it (a card) trots, runs vai1 wpēhsewew vta natuahkuww trots vai1 kāhceqtāhsewew truth speaks the truth, is right vai2 onāmow trouble (N) truth ni onāmwan gets him, her, it into trouble vta menhkaww gets him, her, itself into trouble vai2 menhkasow
252 try turkey lies down and tries out his or her bed vai7 kocēhsen turkey na mesēqnw somewhat, to some degree, surely; fairly well, I'm just turn (N) about making it, I'm trying, I'll get by part niwk back and forth, by turns, reciprocally part āyīsoh tries hard, exerts him, her, itself vai2 pākeciahkasow has his, her, its turn vai7 mīhkihsen tries laying, fitting him, her, it in place vta in turn, in return part āset kocēhsemw in turn part ānhkan tries laying, fitting it in place vti2 kocēhnetaw turn (V) tries to bite, eat him, her, it; tries the taste of it vta comes about, the time or turn comes vii mīhkihnn kotāmw knob, handle for turning; faucet; doorknob ni pīmenekan tries to do something vai1 kocēqtaw pancake turner ni sēqsep-meskwan tries to make him, her, it eat vta kotākonw turns around as he, she, it stands; stands turned vai1 tries to speak vai1 kocēqnesew kohkēkāpowew trying to, seeking to prev natāw- turns around vai1 kēwqtaw try on turns him, her, it around or over by hand vta tries it on vta koshkaww kohknw tries it on vti1 koshkam turns in his, her, its seat, faces around as he, she, it sits tube vai1 kohkāpew tube, pipe, stovepipe, lamp chimney ni kōhtakanāhtek turns it around or over by hand vti1 kohknam tuber turns off the road, main path vai1 pahkw white tuber, arum-leaved arrowhead na wāpesīhpen turns, flops it over by tool vta kohkāhw tuberculosis turns, flops it over by tool vti1 kohkāham coughs; has tuberculosis vai2 ohnqnomow turns, twists him, her, it around by hand vta kēwnw tuck in turns, twists it around by hand vti1 kēwnam tucks it in vti1 nkwanam twists, turns, winds it by tool; winds it (a clock) vta Tuesday pīmahw is two days, two days old; is Tuesday vii nīsokonakat twists, turns, winds it by tool vti1 pīmaham tug turn a deaf ear to pulls, tugs, yanks him, her, it vta sūwīkeponw turns a deaf ear to him, her, it; disregards his or her pulls, tugs, yanks it vti2 sūwīkepotāw prayer vta ānīhtaww pulls, tugs vai1 sūwīkeqtaw turn around tug of war turns around, over in motion, in flight vai1 kohkskaw pull each other; have a tug of war vai2 sūwīkentowak turns around, over in motion, in flight vii kohkskaw tumble turns around, over vai1 kohkēqtaw lies or falls flat; blows, tumbles over vii kanāskehnn turn color lies, falls flat; blows, tumbles over vai7 kanāskehsen sheds leaves, fall (leaves); turn color (a tree's leaves) vii tumbles out vai7 ketākocen penīpīmakat tumbles out vii ketākotw turn inside out tumbles over, falls hurtling vai7 wpakocen turns him, her, it inside out vta āponw tumbles over, falls hurtling vii wpakotw turns it inside out vti1 āponam
253 turn off twist brings it to a stop by hand; turns it (water) off vti1 is twisted vai2 pīmeskwahekasow nakānam is twisted vii pīmeskwahekatw turn on makes a twisting movement vai1 pīmeskīqtaw lights things up, lights the lamp, turns on the light; hunts sees things wrong, twisted; is cross-eyed vai1 with a light vai1 wāqnenekw pīmeskwatawapew twists it by hand; turns it (faucet) on vti1 pīmenam turns, twists him, her, it around by hand vta kēwnw turn out turns, twists it around by hand vti1 kēwnam actually, as it finally turns out to have been, come to find twists around vai1 wāwākeqtaw out, the way it has been all along part paykwac twists cord (on leg, to make twine) vai2 pīmenāhkow so indeed it did turn out phrase pāhpes pah twists it by hand; turns it (faucet) on vti1 pīmenam so it turns out, as it turns out, in due time part pāhpes twists it by hand vta pīmenw turn over twists up, goes crooked vii pīmeskaw turns around, over in motion, in flight vai1 kohkskaw twists, turns, winds it by tool; winds it (a clock) vta turns around, over in motion, in flight vii kohkskaw pīmahw turnip twists, turns, winds it by tool vti1 pīmaham turnip; radish ni cīs twists, winds it by hand vta pīmeskwanw turtle twists, winds it by hand vti1 pīmeskwanam humped turtle na pōshkatōw twists, winds it by tool vta pīmeskwahw slippery turtle, common species of small turtle na twists, winds it by tool vti1 pīmeskwaham sūhkwaqsoh twitch soft-shell turtle, snapping turtle na nōhkehknāh twitches vai1 kotkeqtaw turtle na mhknāh two twelve are there, sit there two together vai1 nīswapewak twelve part metātah nīs-enēh are there, sit there two together vii nīswaqtwan twenty are two in number vai1 nīsiwak twenty part nīsinoh metātah is two days, two days old; is Tuesday vii nīsokonakat twenty-five part nīsinoh metātah nianan-enēh lies twofold; goes two ways vii nīsihnn twice make two sets of tracks vti1 nīsikonhamok twice part nīsinoh stand two together vai1 nīsikapowewak twig ties up two of them vta nīswahpenw twig ni ohthkuahsh ties up two of them vti2 nīswahpetāw twilight two card na nīswasāqsow is twilight, is falling (night) vii nanīqtakenākwat two coins part nīsuaph twin two days ni nīsokon gives birth to twins vai1 metqshkw two fillings, bagsful, cupsful part nīsōsken twins dna metqsak two groups, sets, pairs, nations part nīsīwān twine two hundred part nīsuak ball of (basswood) twine ni phkūcian two of hearts na keyōn-nīswasāqsow thing for tying, binding; twine ni khpēcekan two sticks, spools, arrows, loaves ni nīsuahtek twine of basswood cord ni pīmenāhkwan
254 two strings, rows part nīsuapīk two thousand part nīsīhnakōhsh two part nīs two prev nīs- U
udder udder ni maskōn ugly is bad, evil-looking, ugly vai1 matsew is bad, evil-looking, ugly vii matt ulna his elbow; a deer's ulna (as tool) dni ohtūhkwan umbrella artificial shelter; canopy, umbrella ni ākuaqnhekan umbrella ni ākuaqnhoswan unbutton vti1 paskuahkwaham unbuttons it vti1 penskuahkonam uncertain uncertain past events prev aw-kēs- uncle my uncle (mother's brother); son or male descendant in unbroken line of my brother's brother dna nesēh my uncle (my father's brother); my stepfather dna netāh uncooked is raw, uncooked vai5 askn is raw, uncooked vii askīw is raw, uncooked vii askn is unripe, underdone, uncooked vii asktw uncover is opened, uncovered vai2 pāhkenekāsow is opened, uncovered vii pāhkenekātw lies open; lies uncovered vai7 pāhkehsen lies open; lies uncovered vii pāhkehnn opens, uncovers him, her, it by a quick pull; jerks it open vta pāhkeponw opens, uncovers it by a quick pull; jerks it open vti2 pāhkepotāw opens, uncovers it by hand vti1 pāhkenam
255 opens. uncovers him, her, it by hand vta pāhkenw undisturbed pulls him, her, it into view, uncovers it in plowing vta stays quiet, remains undisturbed vai7 cēqnehsen mōhkeponw undress pulls it into view, uncovers it in plowing vti2 undresses him or her vta kīqshkakhw mōhkepotāw undresses vai1 kīqshkakw uses something to uncover him, her, it vta mōhkahw uneasy uses something to uncover it; rises (the sun, moon, star) is uneasy, fidgety vai1 cehcēqnesew vti1 mōhkaham is uneasy; foolish vai1 wanātesew under unexpected gets under something, stoops under, crawls under vai1 in other than the usual or proper way, in an unexpected, nkiqtaw surprising way part kayqs under, underneath, down below part anāmiah unfamiliar underneath, underground ni anāmahkyah is strange, unfamiliar, changed vii mayākat underclothes unfold underwear, underclothes, longjohns ni pēhtōskakan shakes it out, unfolds it vti2 sīskapetaw underdone unfortunate is unripe, underdone, uncooked vii asktw seems painful, unfortunate vii wēqsaknehtakwat underground ungarnished close to the ground; below; far down; underground ni eats it plain, unseasoned, ungarnished vta anhnamw cīkahkyah eats it plain, unseasoned, ungarnished vti1 anhnahtam underground part anāmahkamek unheeding understand is unheeding, stubborn vai1 sōhkhtawakw clearly understandable vii pāhkawatnehtakwat unheeding, continuing without regard to speech or other knows, understands, gets it; knows (such-and-such) interference part wāwahtq about it; has consciousness vti1 khkēnam uniform (A) makes him or herself understand what is said, figures is the same all over, uniform, homogeneous; holds only out the meaning of something vai2 nenōhtensow one suit (at cards) vai1 āhpenekew makes him, her, it understand what is said vta is the same all over, uniform, homogeneous vii nenōhtenw āhpenekn understand each other's speech vai2 nenōhtatowak uniformly understands him or her vta nenōhtaww uniformly, always the same part āhpen understands his or her own speech, knows what he or uninformed she is saying vai2 nenōhtasow is uninformed vai1 pakuanōsew understands it vti1 nenōhtam uninhabited understands what people say vai2 nenōhtawekow uninhabited region, wilderness ni nanāwat underway United States gets going, gets underway vai1 otāhpekatqtaw President of the United States na Wāsehtanoh-Okēmāw underwear unmarried puts on, wears something as an extra layer of clothing; is a young girl, unmarried vai1 kēkāhkowew puts on, wears underwear vai1 pēhtōskakw lives alone, is unmarried vai1 mōsāpwew underwear, underclothes, longjohns ni pēhtōskakan
256 unmixed kōhpacenākosew only, exclusively, unmixed part mōsah thinks it desolate, hopeless, unusable; feels desolate, unpleasant hopeless, discouraged vti1 kōhpatnehtam is mean, unpleasant, cross vai1 wēyātesew unwilling unpromising acts unwillingly, is unwilling; hates doing what he or looks evil, unpromising vai1 macēnākosew she does vai2 sākīnemow looks evil, unpromising vii macīnākwat is unwilling, refuses vai1 tāqtakacew unravel unwillingly unravels it; reads it vti1 āphtam unwilling, not liking to, not acting because of dislike prev tāqtakac- unripe is unripe, underdone, uncooked vii asktw unwillingly, not liking to, not acting because of dislike part tāqtakac unruly is troublesome, unruly, crazy vii wpat up moves, goes up vai1 espēqtaw is unruly, troublesome, crazy; starts off in a bad, foolish way; has the start of an attack of illness, of a stroke vai1 up above, upstairs part espmiah wpesew up on an elevation in the land, up on a hill ni nīmāhkyah unseasoned uphill eats it plain, unseasoned, ungarnished vta anhnamw goes uphill (the land) vii āqnamāhkiwew eats it plain, unseasoned, ungarnished vti1 anhnahtam goes uphill (the road) vii kohpīpaniw has little taste, is unseasoned vai1 anhnesew on an uphill slope, on an up-grade ni kohpāhkyah has little taste, is unseasoned vii anhnat on the uphill slope ni āqnamāhkyah tastes bland, insipid, unseasoned; tastes good vai1 upland anhnepokosew upland, up away from the water, from the settled land, tastes bland, insipid, unseasoned vii anhnepokwat up in the woods part nōhpemeh unskillfully upright faultily, unskillfully part pqsekwac stands straight upright vai1 pacēskekapowew untangle stands upright in, on something vai7 cēpacen untangles it vti1 āpenam stands upright in, on something vii cēpatw untie stands upright vai1 nemācekapowew pulls him, her, it loose; quickly unties him, her, it vta uproot phkīponw is uprooted by the wind (a tree) vai1 pulls it loose; quickly unties it vti2 phkīpotaw kīqceciphkqsew unties him, her, it vta phkōnw is uprooted by the wind (a tree) vai1 kīqcephkqsew unties it vti1 phkōnam is uprooted by the wind vai1 mūneciphkqsew until is uprooted by the wind vii kīqceciphkqnen before, until part c-kanah is uprooted by the wind vii kīqcephkqnen on time, soon; until part nanās upset (A) unusable is nauseated, is upset (his or her stomach) vai1 is hopeless, desolate, unusable vii kōhpatat mianācethw looks hopeless, forlorn, unusable vii kūhpacenākwat upstairs looks hopeless, utterly forlorn, unusable vai1 up above, upstairs part espmiah
257 upstream has use of it vti1 anāwehtam upstream, up toward the source part wanānepih is mixed in, used as an ingredient vii kōnonekātw urge (V) is used as an ingredient in cooking vai2 kōnosow makes, urges, encourages, coaxes him, her, it to run; is used as an ingredient in cooking vii kōnotw runs from him, her, it vta wpēhw is used on something, is put to use vai2 ōcekasow pushes him, her, it; forces, makes, urges him or her vta is used on something, is put to use vii ōcekatw kāhtenw is used vai2 awēkāsow urges him, her, it on by an instrument or action; closes is used vii awēkātw in on him, her, it (in a race); keeps after him her, it vta places him, her, it well; uses him, her, it well vta wēsāhw menīhsemw urges him, her, it on by speech vta kēqtotamw places it well; uses it well vti2 menīhnetaw urges him, her, it on vta kēhomw places, applies, uses it properly vta pckehsemw urges him, her, it vta kākcecehw places, applies, uses it properly vti2 pckehnetāw urges it on vti1 kēhotam stops dealing with, frequenting, using him, her, it vta urge on pūniahkaww drives, urges him, her, it on vta kāhtensehw stops dealing with, frequenting, using it vti1 pūniahkam urges him or her on by speech; coaxes him or her; use something on each other vai2 ōnetowak pleads with him or her vta wēsāmw uses both hands vai1 nīsinhcīqtaw urgent uses him, her, it vta aww is urgent; is eager vai1 ocianemsew uses his or her hands on it vti1 onhciham is urgent; things are getting to a critical point; is close uses his or her hands on something (for example, in quarters vii ocianemat eating) vai1 onhcihekw urinate uses it vti2 āw urinates in his or her sleep, wets his or her bed vai2 uses medicine on him, her, it; uses a love charm on him, sekīhkwamow her, it vta maskīhkiwahw urinates, pees vai1 sekēw uses medicine on it vti1 maskīhkiwaham urinates vii sekēmakat uses something to uncover him, her, it vta mōhkahw urine uses something to uncover it; rises (the sun, moon, star) urine ni sekēn vti1 mōhkaham usable use on finds it still usable; salvages it vta mamnawnemw uses something on him, her, it vta ōnw finds it still usable; salvages it vti1 mamnawnehtam uses something on it vti1 ōtam use (N) use up has no use for him, her, it, casts him, her, it off vta is all burned up, used up as fuel vai2 mqtesow wanuanw is all burned up, used up as fuel vii mqtetw has no use for it, casts it off vti1 wanuatam spoils, wastes, spends it, uses it up vta panācehw use (V) spoils, wastes, spends it, uses it up vti2 panācehtaw bothers him, her, it; frequents, uses it too much vta osāmiahkaww takes it all, uses it all up vta mqtenw frequents, uses it too much vti1 osāmiahkam takes it all, uses it all up vti1 mqtenam has use of him, her, it vta anāwemw uses it (pencil, paper, ink) up in writing vti2 mqtasāqtaw
258 wastes, carelessly spends, needlessly uses up, ruins him, her, it vta pāhpenotaww wastes, carelessly spends, needlessly uses up, ruins it vti1 pāhpenotam used to (accustomed) V gets, is used to or familiar with him, her, it vta nekātnemw gets, is used to or familiar with it vti1 nekātnehtam valley used to (habitually) at the far side of the valley, on the opposite ridge, across always, used to, habitually prev kew- the river part akāmiahtāhkyah useful various finds him, her, it useful, profitable; rewards him, her, it all kinds, various, variously, in all manner of ways part vta mhsnemw kawāh finds it useful, profitable vti1 mhsnehtam all sorts, all kinds, various, variously, in all manner of grows, is by nature useful vai1 mīhkikew ways; improper phrase kan-kawāh is useful in that way, good for that vai1 enāpatsew various, variously part anōc is useful in that way, good for that vii enāpatt variously it grows, is by nature useful vii mīhkikn variously, in all manner of ways part kots useful person, thing na/ni ōcekan vast usual to a vast amount prev apq- it surely will not fail to happen, will it?, you might vegetable know, as usual, wouldn't you know? part tāweskōqc skin of fruit or vegetable, its skin ni otākom usual, ordinary, plain pren enn- small vegetable ni pīceksen vegetables ni pīcekn vehicle gets, rides in a vehicle vai1 pōsew stops his or her horses, vehicle vai2 nakāpīnaqsow vehicle, car, wagon, sleigh, buggy na otācekwan veil scarf, veil ni wāwiahthpeswan veil ni wēwethphpeswan veil ni wīwethphpeswan vein vein, a person's vein ni meksēn vein ni kesēn venison venison ni aphsos-mēcemēhsh verbose endures, persists a long time; has good wind, endurance (at running); talks a lot, is long-winded, verbose vai1 sēpēw
259 vermilion visit (N) vermilion na osōnamon comes and looks in on him, her, it, pays him, her, it a very visit vta pōhpyapamw really, very, greatly, much, intensely, hard prev kqc- visit (V) very pren pēh- person who is visited, host na esīqtawaw vest sees someone, people; looks on; visits vai2 nwekow vest ni kīskeciwēyān visits him, her, it vta esīqtaww view (N) visits someone, people vai1 esīqtawekw keeps him, her, it fixed in view vta sakāpamw visitor keeps it fixed in view vti1 sakāpahtam visitor na kiatw moves into view, comes out into view from behind, voice under something vai1 mōhkeqtaw has a pleasing voice vai7 menīkohtakan village talks in a deep bass voice vai1 mahkēqnesew settlement, village, town, city ni menīkān vomit (N) vine vomit ni mēmenan something that stretches; blackberry vine na vomit (V) sīqsepāpīhsen vomits it up vta mēmenanw thick vine on trees ni pīmāhkwat vomits it up vti1 mēmenatam tree vine; pith of a tree na onākesiahtek vomits vai1 mēmenw vinegar pop, sugar water; vinegar ni sēwāpoh violin makes it make noise by means of a stick; plays music on it (any instrument); plays on it (a violin) with a bow vti1 kāketopīham plays music; plays the violin; eats corn on the cob vai1 kāketopīhekw violin string ni kāketopīhekanyāp violin, piano, musical instrument na/ni kāketopīhekan visible here, visible part ēh is visible; there is light vii nākwat is visible vai1 nākesew makes him, her, it visible; shows, exhibits him, her it vta nākehw makes it visible to him, her, it; shows, expresses it to him, her, it vta nākehtuww makes it visible; shows, exhibits it vti2 nākehtaw vision sees it well; likes the looks of it, regards it favorably; has a good dream vision vti1 menuapahtam
260 walks a straight course vai1 meyāwohnw walks around, goes walking, takes a walk vai1 papāmohnw walks around vai1 kēwohnw W walks down a slope vai1 nōhsemōhnw walks fancy, haughty, has a big head vai1 mēsātohnw walks here vai1 pītohnw wade walks in a circle around him, her, it vta kiaqtōhnanw throws him, her, itself onto something, on the ground; walks in a circle around it vti1 kiaqtōhnatam wades in, goes into the water vai2 ahpākesow walks on foot, having no mount or vehicle vai1 wades vai2 pemānakamow moqtōhnw wag walks on snowshoes vai1 ākemōhnw wags its tail vai1 wqwepanowqtaw walks out vai1 ketōhnw wage walks past him, her, it vta pemōhnanw pay, wages; government annuity, payment of annuity ni walks past it vti1 pemōhnatam tepāhotwan walks right close up; walks fast vai1 kīhkohnw wagon walks roundabout, by a detour vai1 wackōhnw crawls, slithers; drives in a wagon, sleigh vai2 otācekow walks slowly vai1 ptohnw vehicle, car, wagon, sleigh, buggy na otācekwan walks slowly vai1 tahpōhnw waist walks so far, so fast vai1 ahpēhtohnw at my waist ni nekpahoneh walks straight across, by a short cut vai1 wait kahkāmohnw just a moment ago, soon, later; wait a minute; it was walks using a cane vai2 tāhpatahow after a bit, it was just now part kanew walks with a limp vai1 kīhkīqtohnw waits for him, her, it vta pīhw walks; walks on, along, past vai1 pemōhnw waits for it vti2 pīhtaw walk out waits, waits for something vai1 pīhcekw walks out of a place, steps out (especially for a call of wake (V) nature) vai1 sāketōhnw wakes him, her, it vta amācehw walking stick (insect) wakes it vti2 amācehtaw stick-baby, walking stick na mqtek-nīcian wake up wall wakes him, her, it up by taking hold of him, her, it vta at that side of, close by the wood or wall part ohtāhtek amātenw at the (rear) wall of his or her wigwam, at his or her part wakes him, her, it up vta koskōsehw of the wall ni ocēkapāhtemeh wakes up vai1 koskōsew birch-bark wall ni wīkīhsapah walk walnut gets swollen feet; walks with swollen feet vai1 black walnut tree na pāskecisekanāhtek pāhsesetskaw small nut (for example, acorn, walnut, butternut, beech goes, walks on a snowcrust vai7 wanhsen nut, hazelnut) na pakānēhsh goes, walks, moves into a place vai1 pīhtikskaw starts walking vai1 wpohnw
261 wampum is warm (for example, a stove, a room) vii aptw china bead, wampum bead; chinaware, china na is warm weather vii kēsawan pēqsemek is warm vai2 apqsow wampum bead, cowrie shell na mēkes is warm vii kīsawiw wander is warmed by the sun vii apāqnahtw wanders about, travels vai1 papāmātesew warm (V) wanders around, is homeless; is crazy, nuts vai1 is warmed by the sun vai2 apāqnahsow kēwenw suns him, her, itself, warms him, her, itself in the sun wanders around vai5 kīwīn vai2 apāqsow wanders, stumbles into the water vai7 pakākihsen warms him or herself (by the fire) vai2 awāsow want warms him, her, it, makes him, her, it warm him, her, gives him or her great gratification; gives him, her, it itself vta awāsihw what he, she, it really wants vta wīhkawanāmihw warm up intend to, want to, going to prev katw- warms it up vti1 apsam is asked for, called for, wanted vai2 natōcekasow warms it up vti1 sūskopīqsam is asked for, called for, wanted vii natōcekatw warn needs, wants a cigarette, craves tobacco vai2 gives warning vai1 cēskemeww manhpiw rightens people; warns people vai1 koqtseww takes a liking to him, her, it, wants to get him, her, it vta speaks in warning, gives alarm vai1 ayākuameqnsew mamnemw warns him or her, teaches him or her to be on guard vta takes a liking to it, wants to get it vti1 mamnehtam nanāmāhw wants, desires him, her, it vta natāwnemw warns him or her, tells him or her to be on his or her wants, desires, wishes it vti1 natāwnehtam guard vta ayākuamemw war warns him, her, it vta cēskemw fighting, war ni mīkātwan warrior fights (someone, people), wages war vai2 mēkāhkow great warrior, brave warrior, hero na nnawēhtaw goes on the war-path, wages war vai1 nawātopaniw is a great warrior vai1 nnawēhtawew torments, afflicts him, her, it by teasing, insult, war vta warrior on the warpath na nawātopaniw kakāpocehw wart war leader na mīhkw my wart na necīqcekwam war whoop ni pīpiakotan wary ward off loves, likes him, her, it; tries to keep him, her, it; is fights, wards him, her, it off vta ohtāmahw wary, cautious of him, her, it vta tapānw warfare loves, likes it; tries to keep it; is wary, cautious of it vti1 afflict each other (especially by warfare); tease each tapātam other vai2 kakāpocehtowak wash (V) warm does washing for him or her vta kesīqnecekuww puts on warm clothes vai2 kēsawahow is washed in hot water; fades vii kesēqnen warm (A) washes dishes vai1 kesīqnehciww is a warm liquid; is warm water vii kīsuakamiw washes him, her, it vta kesēqnemw is a warm night vii kēsawetphkat washes him, her, itself vai2 kesēqnemsow
262 washes his or her armpits; washes his or her hands vai1 her, it vta pāhpenotaww kesēqnenhkiw wastes, carelessly spends, needlessly uses up, ruins it washes his or her feet vai1 kesēqnesetw vti1 pāhpenotam washes his or her hands vai1 kesēqnenhciw wastes, needlessly destroys things vai1 pāhpenocekw washes his, her, its face for him, her, it vta watch (N) kesēqnhkonw watch na tepāhekīsuqniahsh washes his, her, its face vai2 kesēqnhkow watch na tepāhekhsh washes it (boards, the floor) vti1 kesēhnakaham watch (V) washes it for him or her vta kesīqnetuww carefully, intently watches him, her, it vta washes it vti2 kesēqnetaw mecēmāpamw washes things, does washing vai1 kesēqnecekw carefully, intently watches it vti1 mecēmāpahtam washes up, washes him, her, itself with hot water; is guards or tends it by staying in the house or camp; stays washed in hot water; fades vai1 kesēqsew in it (a house or camp), watches or tends his or her house for him or her during his or her absence, guards washbasin washbasin ni kesīqnenhcikan or tends it (for example, a house) vti1 nūtikatam washbasin phrase kesīqnhkwan-onākan guards, watches vai1 kanāpahcekw is watched, guarded vai2 kanāpahcekāsow washboard washboard ni kesēqnecekanāhtek is watched, guarded vii kanāpahcekātw is watched, observed vai2 cēqnapāhcekasow washing machine washing machine na kesēqnecekw is watched, observed vii cēqnapāhcekatw observe, watch each other Washington, D.C. vai2 cēqnapāhtowak at Washington, D.C. place name Wāsehtanoh stays alone in the house or camp; watches or tends the house or camp during the others' absence vai1 nūtikw washrag tool for washing; washrag, cleaning rag; soap ni watch, guard each other vai2 kanāpahtowak kesēqnecekan watch, observe each other vii cīqnapāhtimakaton washrag ni kesīqnhkwan watches, guards him, her, it vta kanāpamw wasp watches, guards it vti1 kanāpahtam wasp na mēqnamow watches, observes things, snoops vai1 cēqnapāhcekw waste (N) watch for spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vta watches for things, is on the lookout, keeps watch vai1 sīkwpenw ahkōnhcekw spills, scatters it, pours, throws it away, to waste vti1 watches for, is on the lookout for him, her, it vta sīkwpenam ahkōnhw waste (V) watches for, is on the lookout for it vti2 ahkōnhtaw is regrettably lost, wasted vai1 nanāwesew watcher is regrettably lost, wasted vii nanāwat guard, watcher, overseer na kanāpahcekw it's too bad, it's regrettable, it was wasted, you wasted it spectator, watcher na nwekow part ayētn water (N) spoils, wastes, spends it, uses it up vta panācehw all around the water's edge part kiaqtakam spoils, wastes, spends it, uses it up vti2 panācehtaw at that side of, close by the water part ohtākam wastes, carelessly spends, needlessly uses up, ruins him, cold water ni tahkīkamiw
263 down in the deep water part nanāwīhtem sprinkles, splashes, waters him, her, it; bastes it; emerges; comes up from under water vai2 mōskamow baptizes him or her vta sīkahapuanw fetches water; draws sap, especially sugar sap from a sprinkles, splashes, waters it; bastes it vti1 sīkahapuatam maple vai1 nācepiw waters his or her animals vai2 menāhaqsow gets cold water on him, her, it, is in cold water; cools waters it vta nepēhkanw him, her, itself with, in water vai1 tahkāpāww waters it vti1 nepēhkatam gets or is in, gets or is wet with cold water, cools him, water (V, mouth) her, itself with or in water vai1 tahkēqsew is intensely hungry for it, waters for it (his or her gets or is in, gets or is wet with cold water vii tahkēqnen mouth) vta sēqsatanw hot water ni ksyaskopīqtek is intensely hungry for it, waters for it (his or her in water, in the water ni nepīheh mouth) vti1 sēqsatatam is a warm liquid; is warm water vii kīsuakamiw is intensely hungry, his, her, its mouth waters vai1 is clear water vii wāhkamiw sēqsatw is cool liquid, cool water vii tahkīkamiw water drum is in or on water, soaking, afloat vai7 akīhcen beats the water drum vai1 tōwahkhkow is in or on water, soaking, afloat vii akīhtw drumstick for water drum na tōwahkhkwanāhtek is open water, free of ice vii shkamiw skin top for the water drum phrase tōwahkh- wiahkīhpecekan is weedy water vii washsackiw water drum na tōwahkh moves out, gets out of the water vai1 akuaqtaw my water, my well, my pump ni nenpēm waterbird species of small waterbird na wīsenakahkih on the surface of the water, over the water part wahkīcepik waterfall cut-off rock, waterfall pop, sugar water; vinegar ni sēwāpoh ni kahkāphkat puts him, her, it in or on water; soaks, floats, dips him, watermelon her, it vta akīhcemw melon; watermelon ni askīmhkwan puts it in or on water; soaks, floats, dips it vti2 waterweed akīhcetaw waterweed; buckbean ni washsyan puts things in water, soaks things vai1 akīhcecekw watery rain water ni kemēwanapoh is wet or watery vai1 nepēwew spring; springwater ni omānep is wet or watery vii nepēwew there is fog on the water vii pīkesiyākamiw makes, gets him, her, it wet or watery vta nepēwehw throws him, her, itself onto something, on the ground; makes, gets it wet or watery vti2 nepēwehtaw wades in, goes into the water vai2 ahpākesow wave (N) wanders, stumbles into the water vai7 pakākihsen wave na tekōw washes up, washes him, her, itself with hot water; is wax washed in hot water; fades vai1 kesēqsew wax ni sakācketw water ni nepēw way waterfall ni kahkāphkat again, there you are again!, what with the usual way of things, what with your usual way part kamenah water (V) gives him, her, it drink, waters it (an animal); treats him all kinds, various, variously, in all manner of ways part or her to a drink vta menāhw kawāh
264 all sorts, all kinds, various, variously, in all manner of wear ways; improper phrase kan-kawāh covers up, wraps him or herself, puts on clothes; puts on character, way of being ni enātesen or wears a robe or blanket vai2 akōw here, over here, this way pro omas has (something as) a breech cloth, wears a breech cloth in a way, as it were, as it seems part mamiaqs vai1 otāseyanew in a way, as it were, as it seems part miaqs makes him or her wear an upright head ornament; in some way, in an odd or special way, in this way and presents, decorates him or her with a head feather vta that part kotw cēpatakhw in such-and-such a way, how, the way how, thus part punches it through; wears a hole in it vta tawēhsemw s punches it through; wears a hole in it vti2 tawēhnetaw in that direction, that way part enakah puts it on, wears it vta poqshkaww in this direction, this way part yōnakah puts it on, wears it vti1 poqshkam on the way; in the process, during the time prev enem- puts on, wears a breech cloth vai1 āseyw over in that direction, over there, that way part puts on, wears a head ornament vai1 cēpatakw emenakah puts on, wears Indian regalia vai2 mamāceqtawehow over in this direction, over here, this way part puts on, wears something as an extra layer of clothing; omanakah puts on, wears underwear vai1 pēhtōskakw something, anything; in some way pro kkōh wears a crown vai2 owēnāhpesow there, over there, that way pro emes wears it as a crown vti1 owēnhkam variously, in all manner of ways part kots wear out way of being, occupation, affair, business ni esēkewen wears him, her, it out; goes through all of it vta way of doing things, ceremony, culture ni esēhcekan mqshkaww wears him, her, it out vta mqcehsemw we we (exclusive) pro nenaq wears it out; goes through all of it vti1 mqshkam we (inclusive) pro kenaq wears it out vti2 mqcehnetāw we are the ones, it is we (exclusive) pro nenaq wears out, is worn out; lies in all the places, to the very we are the ones, it is we (inclusive) pro kenaq end vai7 mqcehsen wears out, is worn out; lies in all the places, to the very weak end vii mqcehnn is soft, weak vai5 nōhken is soft, weak vii nūhkiw wear through gets, has a hole in it, is worn through vai1 tawskaw is weak from hunger vai7 pahkēhsen gets, has a hole in it, is worn through vii tawskaw is weak vai1 nīnamsew is weak vii nīnamat weary is tired of him, her, it; wearies him or her vta weakness sekācehw detects a weakness in him or her vta nōhpāpamw weasel detects a weakness in him, her, it vta nōhkāpamw little weasel na sekōhsh detects a weakness in it vti1 nōhkāpahtam weasel skin na sekōhsewakom wealthy weasel na sekōh is rich, wealthy vai1 khkātesew weave makes him or her rich, wealthy vta khkācehw is thin-woven vai1 sqtaksew
265 is thin-woven vii sqtakat week weaves a red sash vai1 mhkuaqnapēhkw Sunday; week ni anāmehw-kēsekat weaves it in vti1 onāskenam weep web cries, weeps vii mōmakat spider web ni aqnap weeping willow wedge (N) weeping willow, snake tree na kenūpikuahtek wedge ni nakūtīh weigh wedge (V) weighs him, her, it vta kotāpīskonw fixes, nails, wedges it tight vta sūhkāhkwahw weighs it vti2 kotāpīskotaw fixes, nails, wedges it tight vti1 sūhkāhkwaham weighs so much, is so heavy; is so expensive vai1 is caught, wedged vai7 sīnāhkihsen ahpēhtenekosew is caught, wedged vii sīnāhkihnn weighs so much, is so heavy; is so expensive vii is tightly in place, firmly wedged in vai7 sūhkāhkihsen ahpīhtenekwat is tightly in place, firmly wedged in vii sūhkāhkihnn weighs something vai1 kotāpīskocekw presses him, her, it tight with some object, especially of weight wood; wedges him, her, it in vta sīnāhkwahw is light (in weight) vai5 akīpen presses it tight with some object, especially of wood; is light (in weight) vii akīpan wedges it in vti1 sīnāhkwaham weiner wedges him, her, it vta sēnāhtahw small sausage; hot dog, weiner, pork links; a little piece wedges it vti1 sēnāhtaham of his (or of an animal's) entrail dni onākesēhsh Wednesday well (A) is Wednesday vii āphtawehnn comes down, lies, works well, is well placed; in a favorable position, in (people's, a woman's) good graces weed (N) vai7 menīhsen clears off weeds vai1 cēhkaskahekw good at, knowing how, doing it well; given to doing it; clears the weeds from it vti1 cēhkaskaham well able to, skillfully, given to prev nhēh- digs it up as a weed vti1 mūnaskwaham I'm fine; pretty well, thank you idiom eneq new ānow digs up weeds vai1 mūnaskwahekw looks good, pretty, is looking well vai1 menīnākosew digs up weeds vai2 mōnaskow well, correctly, properly, thoroughly prev pc- lies among weeds, is covered with weeds vai7 well, pleasurably prev mhnow- wēnaskēhsen well, thoroughly, properly, correctly, right, good part lies among weeds, is covered with weeds vii pc wēnaskēhnen well (excl) lies covered with grass, overgrown by weeds vai7 well then, and so part ātaq kepuaskehsen well, well then; of course, naturally part taq lies covered with grass, overgrown by weeds vii kepuaskehnn yes, all right, come on; well, well then; you're welcome part nahāw prairie weed na maskōtmas weeds ni wēnaskon well (N) hoist, well, pump ni otāhpapinekan weedy my water, my well, my pump ni nenpēm is weedy water vii washsackiw is weedy vii wēnaskat
266 well up whatchamacallit flows or wells up into view vii mōhkecewan that person, being, kind, sort, specimen; well-behaved whatchamacallit, whatchamacallum pro ayāh is well-behaved vai1 mhnāwew wheat west bread; wheat, flour na pahkīsekan west, in the west phrase 's kew-nīk enakah rice, oats, wheat, grain; wild rice ni manōmh West Branch Settlement wheat na mesāhkimenaksew Kenepoway Settlement, West Branch Settlement place wheat ni pahkīsekanāskon name Ahke-Nēpowew Omnikan wheel (N) West Branch Settlement (lit. 'torch-hunting place') place hub of a wheel phrase 's owēnēwet name Nhīhtwakan wheel na tātapskow wet (A) wheel na tetqtepskaw gets or is in, gets or is wet with cold water, cools him, wheel na tqtepskaw her, itself with or in water vai1 tahkēqsew wheel na wāweyakskaw gets or is in, gets or is wet with cold water vii tahkēqnen wheel ni wāweyatepskah gets wet in the dew vai7 kepōhkehsen when is slippery from the wet vii osāqsapaww how far is it?, at what point is it?; when is it? pro tāq- is soaking wet, is slimy liquid vii osāqsapoww peh is soaking wet vai1 osāqsapoww I wonder how far, when it is part ānetok-peh is wet or watery vai1 nepēwew when (in the past), whenever, after part kah-peh is wet or watery vii nepēwew when, after, then part kah- is wet through vai1 sāpuapāww where, when, if, that part 's is wet vai1 ahkīqsew whenever is wet vai1 sāqsapāww when (in the past), whenever, after part kah-peh is wet vii ahkīqnen where makes, gets him, her, it wet or watery vta nepēwehw how is he, she, it (animate, inanimate)?, how are you?, makes, gets it wet or watery vti2 nepēwehtaw how goes it?; where is he, she, it (animate, inanimate)? wet (V) pro āneq urinates in his or her sleep, wets his or her bed vai2 what, how, where, why is it? pro tāq sekīhkwamow where are they (animate)? pro ānekoq wetness where are they (inanimate)? pro ānenoq wetness, moisture ni ahkīqnen where is he, she, it (obviative), where are they whale (obviative)? pro ānenoq legendary great fish; whale na mēqsenamk where is it?, in what direction is it? pro tāq-nakah what where is it? pro āq-enes what is it (inanimate)? what are they (inanimate)? pro where is it? pro āq-noh wkiq where, when, if, that part 's what sort, kind is it? vii wqsēken whetstone what sort, kind of thing (inanimate)? pro wqsēken whetstone, sharpening stone na sūhkwaqsn what, how, where, why is it? pro tāq which which one (animate)? pro tāq-enoh
267 which one (inanimate)? pro tāq-eneh whistle (N) who is the one, who is it?, which one (animate) is it? blows on it to make noise; plays music on it (a whistle pro wniq or flute) vti1 kāketowhtam who is the one, who is it?, which one (animate) is it? flute, whistle ni pepīkwan pro wq small whistle, fife ni pepīkuahsh while whistle ni kāketowhcekan after a while part nawēnaw whistle (V) every little while, at frequent intervals part whistles a call or signal vai2 kīskihsow wāwwēpac whistles a tune vai2 kīskwanahamasow for a short while, short time part nemēwah whistles for him, her, it to come vta kīskihsimw for a while, only for a while part nōmakh whistles for it; whistles vti1 kīskihtam in due time; for a while part nāsekas white just for a while part nās is painted white, made to be white vai2 just now, just a little while ago part omaqnohnenew wāpeskahekasow later on, after a while part kah-new is painted white, made to be white vii wāpeskahekatw while the action goes on, engaged in prev mk- is painted white vai2 wāpeskahosow whip (N) is painted white vai2 wāpeskasehosow spanks, beats him, her, it with a stick, whips him, her, it is painted white vii wāpeskahotw with a switch vta pāhpakecehkhw is painted white vii wāpeskasehotw spanks, beats him, her, it with a stick, whips him, her, it is white earth, sand, powder vii wāpeskamhkat with a switch vta pāhpakesikanhw is white vai5 wāpesken whip, switch ni sqsiwahekan is white vii wāpeskiw whips him, her, it vta sqsiwahw is white-haired vai2 wāpeckow whips it vti1 sqsiwaham is white-skinned vai1 wāpeskiww whip (V) the last, white ashes ni sēkohnāqtw whips people vai1 sqsiwahoww white American woman na mūhkomāniahkiw whippoorwill white cloth, cotton, linen; bedsheet ni wāpeskikan whippoorwill na wēponh white hair ni wāpeckon whir white person, person from the east na mōhkomān whirs, whizzes by vai1 sōww white sand on a beach ni wāpāmh whirs, whizzes by vii sōww white sweet corn na wāpeskapemen whirlpool white tuber, arum-leaved arrowhead na wāpesīhpen foams; there is a whirlpool vii wāwēyāhpetan white pren wāp- whisker white birch facial hair; whiskers, beard, mustache na mēqnetonākan birch, white birch; birchbark na wīkīhsāhtek has chin-whiskers vai5 mēqsetāhphkan white oak whiskey white oak tree, board na askēqtemhnak brings liquor, whiskey vai1 pītāphkow white oak na askēqtemeh whiskey ni eskōtwāpoh whisper whispers vai2 kāskanosow
268 white person whoops vai1 ōhōpew white American who has married into the tribe na why mōhkomānohah the reason why, for that reason, for the reason that part white man na owiahkwanew wh white people na pāhsetonwak what, how, where, why is it? pro tāq white pine why is it? pro tāq-wh white pine, pine tree na askāh widow white spruce is widowed vai1 sēkawew white spruce na kayēhnanāhkeset pekēwāhtek widow na sēkawew whittle wife cuts, whittles a hole in it vta tawhkonw has (someone as) a wife or husband, is married vai1 cuts, whittles a hole in it vti1 tawhkotam wēwew cuts, whittles it up small vta pēqshkonw his wife dna wēwan cuts, whittles it up small vti1 pēqshkotam husband, wife; significant other, partner na wayēkemak does his or her whittling, wood-carving vai2 my fellow old man or woman; my husband, my wife na mōhkotāqsow nēc-keckīw whittles it, does wood-carving on it vta mōhkonw my old lady, wife na nēc-wēyawekh whittles it, does wood-carving on it vti1 mōhkotam my wife na nemtemōhsem whittles, cuts it into shavings vta pēwhkonw takes, has a young wife; is newly married vai1 whittles, cuts it into shavings vti1 pēwhkotam oskhkiww wife whiz na owiamāw whirs, whizzes by vai1 sōww wigwam whirs, whizzes by vii sōww at the (rear) wall of his or her wigwam, at his or her part of the wall ni ocēkapāhtemeh who who is the one, who is it?, which one (animate) is it? house, wigwam wēkewam pro wniq house, wigwam ni wēkiam who is the one, who is it?, which one (animate) is it? prepares a house, dwelling or camp; pitches a tent, sets pro wq up a wigwam, builds a house vai1 onīkw whole smoke hole in roof of wigwam ni khtnikamek is whole, solid vai2 mesāhkon tent pole, wigwam pole na apāhsiy is whole, solid vii mesāhkiw wild is whole vai1 mesēwkew out in the wilds part nanāwahkamek is whole vii mesēwken wild rice whoop (N) knocks it off or down by tool; gathers rice, knocks rice war whoop ni pīpiakotan into the boat vti1 pawāham rice gathering ni pawāhān whoop (V) caller, shouter, whooper na ōhōpew rice, oats, wheat, grain; wild rice ni manōmh is successful at doing something; enjoys it; goes it ricing stick; tool for knocking things down, duster, strong, whoops it up vti1 onuahtam brush; place for knocking down wild rice ni pawāhekan makes a whooping sound, there is a sound of whooping ricing stick na pawāhekanāhtek vii ōhōpīwkat roasted wild rice ni apuatw
269 wild rice ni mamāceqtaw manōmh is blown down by the wind vai1 kawqsew wild rice ni pekuac-manōmh is blown open by the wind vii pāhkqnn wildcat is in the cool wind, cools him, her, itself in the wind bobcat, wildcat, lynx, lion, tiger na pesēw vai1 tahkqsew wilderness is uprooted by the wind vii kīqceciphkqnen uninhabited region, wilderness ni nanāwat is uprooted by the wind vii kīqcephkqnen will spreads out in the wind vii shkqnen will, shall, going to prev aw- stops blowing (the wind), stops (a storm) vii pōnānemat willow there is a little wind, a slight breeze vii red willow, kinnickinnick ni mhkūpīmak nōwqnnōhsewew weeping willow, snake tree na kenūpikuahtek there is a severe windstorm, a hurricane vii koqnn willow na kenūsīqsekapaweh there is a south wind; is blowing (the south wind) vii win sāwanqnen beats, wins from him or her vta anēhw there is a wind blowing vii nōwānemat scrapes him, her, it; wins all his or her money from him there is a wind, blows (the wind), is windy vii or her vta kāskahw nōwqnn win one from the other vai2 anēhetowak there is an excessive draft, wind vii osāmānemat wins all from him or her vta kayāskanehw wind ni nōwqnn wins all from someone, from the other players vai1 with the wind, on the side towards which the wind is kayāskaneheww blowing part nāmiah wins back from him or her vta āpīhw wind (V) wins from people vai1 anēheww has something wound around him, her, it vai2 tetpahpesow wind (N) blows (a cool wind); is in the cool wind vii tahkqnen has something wound around it vii tetpahpetw blows (a cool wind) vii tahkānemat twists, turns, winds it by tool; winds it (a clock) vta pīmahw blows from that direction (the wind) vii ohtqnen twists, turns, winds it by tool vti1 pīmaham blows from the north, there is a north wind vii ocīkqsiwenqnn twists, winds it by hand vta pīmeskwanw blows in this direction (wind) vii pītānemat twists, winds it by hand vti1 pīmeskwanam blows past, through (the wind), there is a draft, breeze twists, winds it by tool vta pīmeskwahw vii pemānemat twists, winds it by tool vti1 pīmeskwaham comes (a gust of wind) vii pakāmqnn window gets or is in the wind, cools him, her, itself in the breeze glass, window ni wāqshcekan vai1 nōwqsew windstorm is beaten by the wind, flaps in the wind vai1 gets caught in a windstorm vai1 nōwqnnmew pāhpakqsew there is a bad windstorm vii koqnnowew is beaten by the wind, flaps in the wind vii there is a severe windstorm, a hurricane vii koqnn pāhpakqnen windstorm, hurricane ni koqnn is beaten by the wind vai1 pahpāwqsew wine is blown around in the wind vai1 papāmqsew grape juice, wine ni sōmenapoh is blown around the wind vii papāmqnn
270 wink (V) wish (V) winks vai1 cīpehkīqtaw I wish part naqs Winnebago thinks of him, her, it in that way; wishes so for him, her, Winnebago girl na wenepekūhkīhsh it; bestows such favor, harm on him, her, it vta Winnebago Indian na wenepekōw ennemw Winnebago woman na wenepekūhkiw wants, desires, wishes it vti1 natāwnehtam Winneconne witch hazel (at) Winneconne (WI) place name Wēnekaneh alternate-leaved dogwood; witch hazel na pesēwāhtek witch hazel winnow ni peshkiwas hulls, winnows it (wild rice) vti1 pōskāqtam with together with, with (something or someone) along winter pren all winter long; all year round idiom pepōn hkwah kekēh- is winter vii pepōn without fail always, without fail part nānenāqnonak is winter vii pepōnōwew sits out the winter idiom pepōn apēw wolf wolf na mahww winter grass ni pepōnaskon winter, year; last winter ni pepōn Wolf River Wolf River place name Mahww-Sēpēw wintergreen Wolf River place name Mahww-Sīpiah wintergreen berries ni wēnqnamenan wintergreen ni wēnqnamenpak wolverine wolverine na nanīmaqaww wipe wipes him or herself off vai2 kesēhosow woman fetches a woman or women vai1 nāthkiww wipes his, her, its nose vai2 kesīqsahkwanhosow Indian woman na mamāceqtawiahkiw wipes it off, wipes it out, erases it vti1 kesēham Iroquoian woman, Oneida woman na nātawiahkiw wipes it off vta kesēhw little woman; young lady na metmohsēhsh wipes, brushes, daubs him, her, it with liquid vta sesūpīhw Menominee woman na omqnomeniahkiw wipes, brushes, daubs it with liquid vti1 sesūpīham my fellow woman na nēc-metmoh Ojibwe woman na ocīpūhkiw wire fine wire ni ohkōmānyapēhsh old woman, old lady na wēyawekh small iron or metal object; telephone, can, wire, older sister, girl or woman who is older na omēhsemaw telegraph ni ohkōmānēhsh Potawatomi woman na pōtawtemiahkiw wire ni ohkōmānyap pursues a woman vai1 nūhsūhkiww Wisconsin white American woman na mūhkomāniahkiw Wisconsin place name Wēskōhsh Winnebago woman na wenepekūhkiw Wisconsin place name Wiaskesen Enkocekon woman living alone, unmarried woman na mūsāpiahkiw wisdom woman of Zoar Settlement na saqnawehnenohkiw wisdom, learning, cleverness ni nepuahkan woman, queen (playing card) na metmoh wise wonder (N) is wise, learned, clever vai1 nepuahkaw does wonders, performs a miracle vai1 wise, learned person na nepuahkaw mantōwehcekw
271 is a wonder vii mamātāwat vai1 wīwāhkwahekw wonder (V) wood duck I wonder how far, when it is part ānetok-peh wood duck na sūpqsyak I wonder part netowak wood rush wonders at him, her, it vta packīynemw wood rush na sekākūhsyah senakwah wonders at it vti1 packīynehtam wood tick wonderful wood tick na otāsekom does wonders to him, her, it, performs a miracle on him, woodchuck her, it; makes him, her, it wonderful vta small woodchuck; gopher na akuahkōhsh mantōwehw woochuck na kokuahsh does wonders to it, performs a miracle on it; makes it woodchuck na akuah wonderful vti2 mantōwehtaw woodpecker how wonderful! what a delightful state of affairs! part large woodpecker na mmw māmenwatahkamek small (red-headed) woodpecker na pāhpāqniwhekw is remarkable, wonderful vai1 māmahkatnehtakosew woodpecker na pāhpakahekw is remarkable, wonderful vii māmahkatnehtakwat woodpecker na pāhpāqnw marvelous, wonderful, a marvelous state of affairs part woods mamātāwahkamek at hearing distance in the woods ni sāpīwhekaneh remarkable, wonderful, what a wonder! part at the edge of the woods ni cīkāhkihkyah māmahkatahkamek forest of small trees, woods ni pīqsāhkihkiw wood forest, woods ni wāqnyāhkihkiw at that side of, close by the wood or wall part ohtāhtek hemlock woods, hemlock swamp ni board of soft wood na nōhkhnaksew miasekakawīhsehkiw burns brush, trees, wood vai2 wēnosāhkow pleasant woods, lovely forest ni onānekuahkihkiw chops up wood, splits wood up small, makes kindling or upland, up away from the water, from the settled land, firewood vai1 pēqsekahhnw up in the woods part nōhpemeh cord of wood ni ohkuaqtw woods, forest ni mqtekuahkihkiw hardwood ni ennāhtek woodshed is smooth wood, a smooth board vai1 woodshed ni mhsīwikamek osāqshnaksew wool is smooth wood, is a slippery floor vii osāqshnakat sheep; cotton batting, wool na mānestānes picks up wood, firewood, chips vai1 aqseknhnw wool cloth ni kayīsawikah piece of decayed wood ni pīkocīhnak yarn, darning wool ni kohkūmetīhsyap small stick, piece of wood, stem of a plant; toothpick ni word mqtekuahsh joking word, speech idiom āynin-kīketwan stick of fresh wood, green stick ni askāhtek speech; word; debate, council; speaker ni kīketwan tree, big piece of wood na mqtek word ni wēhcekan wood chip ni piahnakat work (N) wood, piece of wood, stick ni mqtek attack him, her, it together, set to work at him, her, it in wooden house, log house ni mqtekikan force vta māmāwōhkawwak wraps wood; places insulating material on a house-wall attack it together, set to work at it in force vti1
272 māmāwōhkamok works well; shoots well (gun) vii onhkaw makes a road, works on a road, does road work vai1 works, does work vii anohkīmakat mīhekanhkw works vai1 anohkīw moves, acts, does his, her, its work faultily, negligently, work at absent-mindedly vai1 pqsekwaceqtaw strives to get him, her, it, works at it; courts him or her; poorly done piece of work, botched job ni illicitly consorts with him or her vta mēhkemw macīqtāhkwan strives to get it, works at it vti1 mēhkehtam work na anohkīwen works at him or her; works for him or her vta work (V) anohkīqtaww acts, moves, does, works so vai1 esēqtaw works at it vti1 anohkīqtam acts, moves, does, works so vii esēqtamakat worker acts, works with that degree of strength, energy vai1 is disorderly, messy, always makes a dirty mess; is a ahpīhciwqtaw dirty, messy worker vai2 wēneqtāckow acts, works with that degree of strength, energy vii workman ahpīhciwqtamakat workman na anohkīw comes down, lies, works well, is well placed; in a worm favorable position, in (people's, a woman's) good graces hunts, gathers insects; picks off potato-bugs; digs worms vai7 menīhsen vai1 awtokēhshkw consort, play, work together vai2 wētōhkatowak worm, insect na omōhnw does work, is engaged in work vai1 anohkīqtaw worm na awtokēhsh does, acts, works poorly, performs his, her, its work or wormy action badly vai1 macēqtaw has insects, is wormy vai1 awtokēhsewew it comes down, lies, works well, is well placed vii has insects, is wormy vii awtokēhsewew menīhnen worry (V) makes him, her, it work, sets him, her, it working vta worries, fusses over him, her, it; helps him, her, it out; anohkīhw holds a ceremony over him or her (deceased person) vta makes it work, sets it working vti2 anohkīhtaw wasēnawanw moves, goes, works poorly vii māmashkaw worries, fusses over it vti1 wasēnawatam moves, works slowly vai1 pceqtaw worries, fusses over things vai1 wasēnawacekw starts to work vai1 wpanōhkw would stops, quits working vai1 pōnanōhkw may, might, perhaps, let it be, would have (but didn't), works at him or her; works for him or her vta possibility, contingency part pas anohkīqtaww wound (V) works favorably (for example, a medicine) vii onuaskaw has been hit, is wounded vai2 meshkosow works for people vai2 anohkīqtawekow wrap works him, her, itself up a notch higher vai2 covers up, wraps him or herself, puts on clothes; puts on kīhkehsemsow or wears a robe or blanket vai2 akōw works in a hurry vai1 wāwāskeqtaw covers, wraps him, her, it in cloth vta kaskīwīkenw works in a messy way, botches his or her work vai1 covers, wraps it in cloth vti1 kaskīwīkenam wēneqtaw lies covered, wrapped vii kaskīwaqtw works in the dark vai1 kīskanītephkanōhkw ties, wraps him, her, it; bandages him, her, it vta
273 wēwahpenw writes for him or her; writes to him or her vta ties, wraps it; bandages it vti2 wēwahpetāw asāqcekuww wrapped thing; medicine in a package ni writes for people; writes to people vai2 asāqcekuwekow wiahkīhpenekan writes it, marks it; draws it, depicts it, takes a picture of wraps wood; places insulating material on a house-wall it vti2 asāqtaw vai1 wīwāhkwahekw writes to him or her vta enpīhamoww † wraps, covers him, her, it, especially with cloth vta writes vai1 asāqcekw wīwīkenw write down wraps, covers it, especially with cloth vti1 wīwīkenam writes things down correctly vai1 pcasāqcekw wraps, wraps up him, her, it vta wīhkipenw writing (N) wrap up graphic mark, letter of the alphabet, piece of writing ni covers, wraps him, her, it up vta kaskīwenw asāqcekan covers, wraps it up vti1 kaskīwenam small piece of paper, writing, card, mail, letter ni wraps something, things up vai1 wiahkīhpecekw masēnahekhsh wrench (N) wrong screw; screwdriver; wrench; faucet ni pīmeskwahekan at a wrong or inappropriate time prev wanāc- wrench ni sakēpotacekan at a wrong, inappropriate time part wanāc wrestle dances wrong vai2 kēwanēhsemow gets a tight hold on him, her, it (in wrestling or fighting) does something wrong with him, her, it; damages, vta mamīcpenw abuses him, her, it vta konpācehw wrestle with each other vai2 kociahkatowak does something wrong with it; damages, abuses it vti2 wrestles with him, her, it vta kociahkaww konpācehtaw grows wrong, is wrongly made, shaped vai1 kēwācekew wring wrings his, her, its neck vta pīmekiyawnw grows wrong, is wrongly made, shaped vii kēwācekn wrings the water out of it vta sīnepinw mistakenly, wrong part kēwāc wrings the water out of it vti1 sīnepinam sees things wrong, twisted; is cross-eyed vai1 pīmeskwatawapew wrinkle (V) wrinkles vii wīyakikehnn wrongly speaks falsely, wrongly, mistakenly vai2 kēwanmow wrist my wrist dna nekhsehkwan speaks wrongly, mistakenly vai1 kēwanetonskaw talks wrongly, mistakenly; talks indecently vai1 write konpāceqnsew gets written in on the very edge; barely gets enrolled vai2 sēqsasāqsow thinks wrongly, mistakenly of him, her, it vta kēwannemw gets written in on the very edge vii sēqsasāqtw thinks wrongly, mistakenly of it vti1 kēwannehtam is marked, written on; is depicted; is written vii asāqcekatw is marked, written on; is depicted vai2 asāqcekasow is marked; is pictured, depicted, written vii asāqtw is written, printed in English vii mōhkomānēwehnn uses it (pencil, paper, ink) up in writing vti2 mqtasāqtaw
274 yellow birch yellow birch tea, sassafras tea na mahkūkīhsapoh yellow birch tree na mahkūkīhsāhtek yellow birch na mahkūkīh Y yes yes, all right, come on; well, well then; you're welcome part nahāw yank yes, I see, oh, I take it; yes, gladly; may one ask?, may pulls, tugs, yanks him, her, it vta sūwīkeponw one assume?, I should say - can one ask? part ōh pulls, tugs, yanks it vti2 sūwīkepotāw yes part ēh yanks him, her, it free vta kīqceponw yesterday yanks it free vti2 kīqcepotāw last night, yesterday evening; tonight part nhkah yard (measure) yesterday part onākow measure, mile, yard; time, hour ni tepāhekan yet yarn not yet part kan-amhciw yarn, darning wool ni kohkūmetīhsyap still, yet, continuing part mecinew yawn still, yet, continuing part meciw new yawns vai1 āwanw you year you (plural) pro kenuaq all winter long; all year round idiom pepōn hkwah you (singular) pro kenah is so many years old vai1 pepōnaksew you are the one, it is you (singular) pro kenq is so many years, so many years old vii pepōnakat you are the ones, it is you (plural) pro kenuaq winter, year; last winter ni pepōn young (A) yeast has young leaves, is new-leaved vii oskpīmakat yeast, baking powder ni pcīsekan is a young man vai1 wskennīw yell is young, fresh, new vai1 oskēkew gives out a vocal noise; cries out, hollers, yells vai2 is young, fresh, new vii oskēken kāketow is young vai1 oskēwātesew yells at him, her, it vta nhcīwemw my younger brother or sister; person younger than I dna yells at it vti1 nhcīwehtam nhsēh yellow new, young, fresh; recent, for the first time pren oskēh- goldenrod, yellow flower ni wsāwanāhkwah young (N) has a yellow leafy top vii osāwanāhkwat bears young vai1 penīw is painted yellow or brown vii osāwehotw has children, has young vai1 onīcianhsew is painted yellow, brown vai2 osāwehosow you're welcome is painted yellow vai2 osāwaskihocekāsow yes, all right, come on; well, well then; you're welcome is painted yellow vai2 osāwaskihosow part nahāw is painted yellow vii osāwaskihocekātw is painted yellow vii osāwaskihotw is yellow (a solid thing) vii osāwāhkwat is yellow, brown vai5 osāwen
275 Z
zipper button, snap, zipper na/ni kepuahkwahekan Zoar woman of Zoar Settlement na saqnawehnenohkiw Zoar place name Saqnawpaniw Zoar place name Saqnawhnn
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