DOCSLIB.ORG

Impact of Synsedimentary Metre-Scale Normal Fault Scarps on Sediment

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Impact of Synsedimentary Metre-Scale Normal Fault Scarps on Sediment Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Sedimentary Geology 202 (2007) 796–820 www.elsevier.com/locate/sedgeo Impact of synsedimentary metre-scale normal fault scarps on sediment gravity flow dynamics: An example from the Grès d’Annot Formation, SE France ⁎ Stéphane Pochat a, , Jean Van Den Driessche b,1 a LPG Nantes, UMR-CNRS 6112, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France b Géosciences - Rennes, CNRS - UMR 6118, Université Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes cedex, France Received 20 February 2007; received in revised form 18 September 2007; accepted 28 September 2007 Abstract Synsedimentary faults result in the direct interaction between tectonic and sedimentary processes at similar spatio-temporal scales. Sedimentological analysis of sediment-laden gravity flows in the northern part of the Grès d'Annot Formation (Sanguinière sub-basin, Col de la Moutière/Tête Ronde) has revealed the presence of fault scarps of metre-scale height. These synsedimentary fault scarps were sufficient to disturb the sediment gravity flow dynamics resulting in (i) a strong variation of the erosive behaviour of a concentrated flow and (ii) the transformation of a strongly stratified, laminar hyperconcentrated flow into a turbulent flow, in short distance (less than 500 m). These disturbances develop without the flows being deviated by the fault scarps but produce great facies heterogeneity, the least homogeneous facies (mixing sand and clay) being localized on the upstream obstacle side, the most homogeneous (massive sand) downstream. © 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. Keywords: Synsedimentary fault; Fault scarp; Sediment gravity flow; Flow transformation; Facies variation; Grès d’Annot Formation 1. Introduction Typically, synsedimentary faults are analysed in terms of finite strain on time scale exceeding one million years so Considerable work has investigated normal fault that displacement along faults is considered to be kinematics using the geometry of syntectonic deposits. continuous on shorter time scales (Nicol et al., 1997; Fault finite throw may result from both instantaneous and Van der Woerd et al., 2000; Tapponnier et al., 2001). continuous displacements (co-seismic displacement, and Vertical instantaneous displacement ranges from milli- fault creeping or aseismic displacement, respectively). metres to a few metres maximum (e.g. Bonilla, 1988; Leeder and Jackson, 1993; Koukouvelas et al., 2001). Similarly, instantaneous deposition in a deep-water environment ranges from micrometre (clay suspension) to decimetres (turbiditic flow), and up to ten’sofmetres ⁎ Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 2 51 12 54 77; fax: +33 2 51 12 52 68. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (S. Pochat), for a single debrite event (e.g. Piper and Normark, 1983; [email protected] (J. Van Den Driessche). Middleton and Neal, 1989; Allen, 1991; Leigh and 1 Tel./fax: +33 2 23 23 56 86. Hartley, 1992; Piper and Savoye, 1993; Savoye et al., 0037-0738/$ - see front matter © 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2007.09.005 S. Pochat, J. Van Den Driessche / Sedimentary Geology 202 (2007) 796–820 797 1993; Praston et al., 2000). Consequently, tectonics and mud-rich deposits, with a maximum thickness of 1000– sedimentation interact in the same scale of space and 1200 m (Fig. 1). The Grès d'Annot Formation is the top time. of the Nummulitic trilogy (Lutetian–Rupelian) which Synsedimentary fault scarps are widely documented begins by the transgressive shallow marine limestones on the present-day sea-floor and in ancient deposits Formation (the Calcaire Nummulithique) followed by through their influence on sedimentary processes in the transitional to deeper marine marlstones Formation various depositional settings (e.g. Piper and Normark, (the Marne Bleues) (e.g. Elliot et al., 1985; Ravenne 1983; Petit and Beauchamp, 1986; Thornburg et al., et al., 1987; Sinclair, 1994; Hilton, 1995; Sinclair, 1997; 1990; Leeder and Jackson, 1993; Edwards, 1995; Pickering and Hilton, 1998; Sinclair, 2000; Sztrakos and Morris et al., 1998; Anderson et al., 2000; Armentrout Du Fornel, 2003; Du Fornel et al., 2004)(Fig. 2). et al., 2000; Hodgetts et al., 2001; Radies et al., 2005). The development of the foreland basin is related to In deep-water environments, most of studies have Alpine tectonics that induced the uplift of the Corsica– focused on large-sized tectonic obstacles, of metres to Sardinia and the Maures–Esterel areas (Fig. 1)(Elliot hundred metres in height and kilometres to 10 km in et al., 1985; Sinclair, 1997; Ford et al., 1999; Apps et al., length (e.g. Cope, 1959; Craig and Walton, 1962; 2004; Ford and Lickorish, 2004). The later westward Hersey, 1965; Ryan et al., 1965; Piper and Normark, propagation of the Alpine thrust system (Embrun– 1983; Siegenthaler et al., 1984; Aarseth et al., 1989; Ubaye nappes), throughout the Grès d'Annot basin, has Thornburg et al., 1990; Kneller et al., 1991; Ricci resulted in the sedimentation of the deep-water Schistes- Lucchi and Carmenlenghi, 1993; Alexander and Morris, à-Blocs Formation (Kerchkove, 1969)(Fig. 2). During 1994; Haughton, 1994; Cronin, 1995; Kneller and deposition of the Grès d'Annot Formation, the initial E–W McCaffrey, 1999; Haughton, 2000a; Haughton, 2000b; direction of shortening turned towards the SE–NW and the Kneller and Buckee, 2000; Gee et al., 2001; Haughton, maximum subsidence area migrated to the west–northwest 2001; Felletti, 2002; Hooper et al., 2002; Booth et al., part of the basin (Elliot et al., 1985; Ford et al., 1999). Both 2003; Hodgson and Haughton, 2004; Kubo et al., 2004; phenomena induced the creation of numerous confined Smith, 2004; Edwards et al., 2005; TuZino and Noda, sub-basins of several tens of square kilometres (Eastern 2007). The influence of a large-sized obstacle is much Italian, Conte–Peïra Cava, Mont Tournairet, Quatre more pronounced than that of a small-sized one, insofar Cantons–Sanguinière, Annot and Barrême basins, from as the relationship between the flow thickness and the the east to the west respectively) (Fig. 1). These basins were obstacle height is a fundamental control parameter in the partially and successively filled from the east to the west disturbance intensity (e.g. Pantin and Leeder, 1987; during middle Eocene to early Oligocene times. (Elliot Alexander and Morris, 1994; Edwards et al., 1994; et al., 1985; Ravenne et al., 1987; Pickering and Hilton, Kneller and Buckee, 2000). This is probably why the 1998;DuForneletal.,2004). Palaeocurrent analysis shows studies that concern the influence of small obstacles are aSE–NW direction of transport, implying a dominant infrequent. Nevertheless small obstacles show undeni- source of the sediment flux from Corsica–Sardinia and able effects such as (1) localized or enhanced erosion, Maures–Esterel massif (Fig. 1)(Kuenen et al., 1957; (2) granulometric sorting between upstream and down- Gubler, 1958; Stanley, 1965; Ivaldi, 1974; Bouma and stream side of the obstacle and (3) morphological Coleman, 1985; Elliot et al., 1985; Ravenne et al., 1987; changes in sedimentary features (Mutti, 1992; Alexan- Hilton, 1995; Ford et al., 1999), with very little sediment der and Morris, 1994; Morris et al., 1998; Armentrout supply from the Alpine thrust sheets to the east et al., 2000; Kneller and Buckee, 2000). Here, the (Campredon, 1972; Ivaldi, 1974). influence of metre-scale synsedimentary normal fault Alpine deformation before the Grès d’Annot depo- scarps on sediment gravity flow dynamics in the Grès sition, i.e. during the Marne Bleue and the Calcaire d'Annot Formation (French Alps) is investigated. Nummulithique deposition, resulted in a complex sea- floor topography (Pairis, 1987; Ravenne et al., 1987) 2. Regional geological and palaeogeographical settings and the compartmentalization of each sub-basin into regional topographic highs (areas of sediment by- The Grès d'Annot Formation (French Alps) was passing and erosion) and topographic lows (areas of deposited in the South East Alpine foreland from the sediment accumulation) (Sinclair and Tomasso, 2002). middle Eocene (early Bartonian) to the early Oligocene These movements also resulted in the development of (middle Rupelian) and is a sand-rich deep-water system, local fault-controlled topography of ten's of metres mainly comprising sediment gravity flow deposits (i.e. height, which have resulted in strong flow disturbances. turbidites, debrites and mass transport deposits) and This influence can be seen in the deposits with evidence 798 S. Pochat, J. Van Den Driessche / Sedimentary Geology 202 (2007) 796–820 Fig. 1. Geological map of the Tertiary Grés d'Annot and palaeogeography of the corresponding foreland basin (modified from Apps (1987)). Palaeocurrent directions are derived from Bouma and Coleman (1985), Ravenne et al. (1987), and Ford et al. (1999). They show that the principal source of sediment was Corsica–Sardinia and Maures–Esterel massifs. Several sub-basins (Eastern Italian (1), Conte–Peïra Cava (2), Mont Tournairet (3), Quatre Cantons–Sanguinière (4), Annot (5) and Barrème (6)) have been developed successively from the east to the west, from the middle Bartonian to the middle Rupelian. The studied area is situated in the northern part of the Grés d'Annot basin, in the Quatre Cantons– Sanguinière sub-basin (noted number 4). such as (i) flow deflection and flow reflection, with formities, local sand body pinch-out, and limited variable orientation between erosive structures
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Paleoproterozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Trans-North China Orogen: Toward a Comprehensive Model
    Paleoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the Trans-North China Orogen: toward a comprehensive model. Pierre Trap, Michel Faure, Wei Lin, Nicole Le Breton, Patrick Monié To cite this version: Pierre Trap, Michel Faure, Wei Lin, Nicole Le Breton, Patrick Monié. Paleoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the Trans-North China Orogen: toward a comprehensive model.. Precambrian Research, Elsevier, 2012, 222-223, pp.191-211. 10.1016/j.precamres.2011.09.008. insu-00628119 HAL Id: insu-00628119 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00628119 Submitted on 2 Jan 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Paleoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the Trans-North China Orogen: Toward a comprehensive model Pierre Trapa, Michel Faureb, Wei Linc, Nicole Le Bretonb, Patrick Moniéd UMR-CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray a 25030 Besançon Cedex, France Institut des Sciences de la Terre d‟Orléans, CNRS, Université d‟Orléans (UMR 6113), b 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France State Key Laboratory of Lithosphere Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, c Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Géosciences Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5243, Université Montpellier II, 34095 Montpellier d Cedex 5, France Abstract In this contribution we present a reconstruction of the overall lithotectonic architecture, from inner zones to external ones, of the Paleoproterozoic Trans-North China Orogen, within the North China Craton.
    [Show full text]
  • Dairy Syncline Mine Project Record of Decision
    United States Department of Agriculture U.S. Forest Service Caribou-Targhee National Forest Final Record of Decision Dairy Syncline Mine Project, Caribou County, Idaho April 2020 Forest Service – Caribou-Targhee National Forest – April 2020 In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD- 3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 -- the Place of Faults in Petroleum Traps
    Sorkhabi, R.,and Y. Tsuji, 2005, The place of faults in petroleum traps, in R. Sorkhabi and Y. Tsuji, eds., Faults, fluid flow, and petroleum traps: AAPG Memoir 85, 1 p. 1 – 31. The Place of Faults in Petroleum Traps Rasoul Sorkhabi1 Technology Research Center, Japan National Oil Corporation, Chiba, Japan Yoshihiro Tsuji2 Technology Research Center, Japan National Oil Corporation, Chiba, Japan ‘‘The incompleteness of available data in most geological studies traps some geologists.’’ Orlo E. Childs in Place of tectonic concepts in geological thinking (AAPG Memoir 2, 1963, p. 1) ‘‘Although the precise role of faults has never been systematically defined, much has been written that touches on the subject. One thing is certain: we need not try to avoid them.’’ Frederick G. Clapp in The role of geologic structure in the accu mulation of petroleum (Structure of typical American oil fields II, 1929, p. 686) ABSTRACT ver since Frederick Clapp included fault structures as significant petroleum traps in his landmark paper in 1910, the myriad function of faults in petroleum E migration and accumulation in sedimentary basins has drawn increasing atten- tion. Fault analyses in petroleum traps have grown along two distinct and successive lines of thought: (1) fault closures and (2) fault-rock seals. Through most of the last century, geometric closure of fault traps and reservoir seal juxtaposition by faults were the focus of research and industrial application. These research and applications were made as structural geology developed quantitative methods for geometric and kine- matic analyses of sedimentary basins, and plate tectonics offered a unified tool to correlate faults and basins on the basis of the nature of plate boundaries to produce stress.
    [Show full text]
  • Tectonic Features of the Precambrian Belt Basin and Their Influence on Post-Belt Structures
    ... Tectonic Features of the .., Precambrian Belt Basin and Their Influence on Post-Belt Structures GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 866 · Tectonic Features of the · Precambrian Belt Basin and Their Influence on Post-Belt Structures By JACK E. HARRISON, ALLAN B. GRIGGS, and JOHN D. WELLS GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER X66 U N IT ED STATES G 0 V ERN M EN T P R I NT I N G 0 F F I C E, \VAS H I N G T 0 N 19 7 4 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 74-600111 ) For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. GO\·ernment Printing Office 'Vashington, D.C. 20402 - Price 65 cents (paper cO\·er) Stock Number 2401-02554 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract................................................. 1 Phanerozoic events-Continued Introduction . 1 Late Mesozoic through early Tertiary-Continued Genesis and filling of the Belt basin . 1 Idaho batholith ................................. 7 Is the Belt basin an aulacogen? . 5 Boulder batholith ............................... 8 Precambrian Z events . 5 Northern Montana disturbed belt ................. 8 Phanerozoic events . 5 Tectonics along the Lewis and Clark line .............. 9 Paleozoic through early Mesozoic . 6 Late Cenozoic block faults ........................... 13 Late Mesozoic through early Tertiary . 6 Conclusions ............................................. 13 Kootenay arc and mobile belt . 6 References cited ......................................... 14 ILLUSTRATIONS Page FIGURES 1-4. Maps: 1. Principal basins of sedimentation along the U.S.-Canadian Cordillera during Precambrian Y time (1,600-800 m.y. ago) ............................................................................................... 2 2. Principal tectonic elements of the Belt basin reentrant as inferred from the sedimentation record ............
    [Show full text]
  • GEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK, TECTONIC EVOLUTION, and DISPLACEMENT HISTORY of the ALEXANDER TERRANE Georgee
    TECTONICS, VOL. 6, NO. 2, PAGES 151-173, APRIL 1987 GEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK, TECTONIC EVOLUTION, AND DISPLACEMENT HISTORY OF THE ALEXANDER TERRANE GeorgeE. Gehrels1 and Jason B. Saleeby Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena Abstract. The Alexander terrane consists of Devonian (Klakas orogeny). The second phase is upper Proterozoic(?)-Cambrian through marked by Middle Devonian through Lower Middle(?) Jurassic rocks that underlie much of Permian strata which accumulated in southeastern (SE) Alaska and parts of eastern tectonically stable marine environments. Alaska, western British Columbia, and Devonian and Lower Permian volcanic rocks and southwestern Yukon Territory. A variety of upper Pennsylvanian-Lower Permian syenitic to geologic, paleomagnetic, and paleontologic dioritic intrusive bodies occur locally but do not evidence indicates that these rocks have been appear to represent major magmatic systems. displaced considerable distances from their The third phase is marked by Triassic volcanic sites of origin and were not accreted to western and sedimentary rocks which are interpreted to North America until Late Cretaceous-early have formed in a rift environment. Previous Tertiary time. Our geologic and U-Pb syntheses of the displacement history of the geochronologic studies in southern SE Alaska terrane emphasized apparent similarities with and the work of others to the north indicate rocks in the Sierra-Klamath region and that the terrane evolved through three distinct suggested that the Alexander terrane evolved in tectonic phases. During the initial phase, from proximity to the California continental margin late Proterozoic(?)-Cambrian through Early during Paleozoic time. Our studies indicate, Devonian time, the terrane probably evolved however, that the geologic record of the along a convergent plate margin.
    [Show full text]
  • Tectonostratigraphic Terrane Analysis of New Brunswick L
    Document generated on 09/30/2021 12:46 p.m. Atlantic Geology Tectonostratigraphic terrane analysis of New Brunswick L. R. Fyffe and A. Fricker Volume 23, Number 3, December 1987 Article abstract the URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/ageo23_3art01 The contents of a computerized lexicon database are displayed in the form of a range chart that demonstrate the spartial and temporal relationships of See table of contents lithtostratigraphic units to tectonostratigraphic terrans of New Brunsiwck. The chart provides a reference basis from which to derive the accretionary history of these terrance. Publisher(s) The tectonostratigraphlc zonation of Hew Brunswick ia based upon the Atlantic Geoscience Society uniqueness of the pre-Taconlan stratigraphy within each fault-bounded terrane. From northwest to southeast, the following terranes and cover sequences are recognized: Matapedia Cover. Blmtree Terrane, Mlramichi ISSN Terrane, Frederlcton Cover, St. Croix Terrane, Hascarene Terrane, and 0843-5561 (print) Avalonian Terrane. 1718-7885 (digital) Overstepping of the Matapedia Cover Sequence indicates that the Elmtree and Mlramichi terranes were docked with the North American craton by the Late Explore this journal Ordovician to Early Silurian. The presence of a similar early Paleozoic stratigraphy, tectonic style and major Silurian unconformity in the St. Croix Terrane suggests that it had become docked to the Mlramichi Terrane prior to this subduction-related Taconian event. Cite this article Detritus and a similar fauna in the cover rocks of the St. Croix Terrane provide Fyffe, L. R. & Fricker, A. (1987). Tectonostratigraphic terrane analysis of New evidence that it was docked to the Hascarene Terrane by the Late Silurian.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of Extensional Basins and Basin and Range Topography West of Death Valley, California K.V
    TECTONICS, VOL. 8, NO. 3, PAGES453-467, JUNE 1989 EVOLUTION OF EXTENSIONAL BASINS AND BASIN AND RANGE TOPOGRAPHY WEST OF DEATH VALLEY, CALIFORNIA K.V. Hodges,L.W. McKenna,J. Stock •, J. Knapp, L. Page,K. Sternlof, D. Silverberg,G. Wrist2, and J. D. Walker 3 Department of Earth, Atmospheric,and Planetary Sciences,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge Abstract. Neogeneextension in the Death Valley system remained active during development of region, SE California, has produced a variety of PanamintValley and, thus, during developmentof sedimentarybasins. Diachronousmovements on an modernBasin and Rangetopography as well. These array of strike-slip and normal fault systemshave results indicate that large-scale extension in the resultedin the uplift andpreservation of olderbasins Death Valley region,accommodated by movementon in modernranges. One of the bestexposed of these low- to moderate-angle normal fault systemsand is the Nova basin on the western flank of the high-angle strike-slipfault systems,is a continuing Panamint Mountains. The Nova basin includes over process. Basin and Range topography in the 2000 m of sedimentaryand volcanicrocks deposited PanamintValley- Death Valley areawas generatedat during denudation of the Panamint Mountains least in part by displacements on low-angle metamorphiccore complex in late Miocene(?)- early detachmentsrather than high-angle normal faults. Pliocenetime. The principalgrowth structure for the basinwas the Emigrant detachment,which initiated andmoved at a low angle. Modern PanamintValley, INTRODUCTION west of the range, developedas a consequenceof Late Pliocene- Recent,kinematically linked move- The fact that topographyin the Basin and Range ment on the right-slip, high-angleHunter Mountain Province of the western United States is controlled fault zone and the low-angle Panamint Valley by normal faulting has been recognizedfor over a detachment.
    [Show full text]
  • Mechanical Stratigraphy Controls Normal Fault Growth and Dimensions, Outer
    1 Mechanical Stratigraphy Controls Normal Fault Growth and Dimensions, Outer 2 Kwanza Basin, Offshore Angola 3 4 David Redpath1*, Christopher A.-L Jackson1, Rebecca E. Bell1 5 Basins Research Group (BRG), Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial 6 College, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BP, UK 7 *Corresponding author: David Redpath ([email protected]) 8 This paper is a non-peer reviewed preprint submitted to EarthArXiv. This preprint has been 9 submitted to AGU Tectonics for consideration for publication. 10 11 12 Key Points: 13 Mechanical stratigraphy and fault interaction control the extent to which faults adhere 14 to displacement-length scaling relationships. 15 Fault growth and displacement-length relationships must be considered in context of 16 local controls to be adequately described. 17 Detailed kinematic analysis on faults developing within the same overall tectono- 18 stratigraphic setting can shed light on the kinematics of blind fault growth. 19 20 21 22 Abstract 23 Fault growth and dimensions are controlled by mechanical stratigraphy on seismic scales. Here 24 we present a detailed analysis of largely blind faults and their kinematics Offshore, Angola; 25 where, salt bodies and mass-transport complexes (MTC) act as mechanically restricting 26 elements to an array of extensional faults. Our study presents mechanically restricted faults 27 whose data fall within the general scatter present in global displacement-length (D-L) scaling 28 datasets, and yet have starkly different fault growth models to those expected using geometric 29 data alone. We show how using displacement-length data to determine fault growth can mask 30 the not insignificant mechanical controls on growth histories in the absence of detailed 31 kinematic analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Data for Quaternary Faults, Liquefaction Features, and Possible Tectonic Features in the Central and Eastern United States, East of the Rocky Mountain Front
    U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Data for Quaternary faults, liquefaction features, and possible tectonic features in the Central and Eastern United States, east of the Rocky Mountain front By Anthony J. Crone and Russell L. Wheeler Open-File Report 00-260 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards nor with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 2000 Contents Abstract........................................................................................................................................1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................2 Strategy for Quaternary fault map and database .......................................................................10 Synopsis of Quaternary faulting and liquefaction features in the Central and Eastern United States..........................................................................................................................................14 Overview of Quaternary faults and liquefaction features.......................................................14 Discussion...............................................................................................................................15 Summary.................................................................................................................................18
    [Show full text]
  • Arc Magmas Sourced from Mélange Diapirs in Subduction Zones Horst R
    Arc magmas sourced from mélange diapirs in subduction zones Horst R. Marschall a;b;∗ John C. Schumacher c aDepartment of Geology & Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA bDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA cDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK Abstract At subduction zones, crustal material is recycled back into the mantle. A certain proportion, however, is returned to the overriding plate via magmatism. The magmas show a characteristic range of compositions that have been explained by three-component mixing in their source regions: hydrous fluids derived from subducted altered oceanic crust and components derived from the thin sedimentary veneer are added to the depleted peridotite in the mantle beneath the volcanoes. However, currently no uniformly accepted model exists for the physical mechanism that mixes the three components and transports them from the slab to the magma source. Here we present an integrated physico-chemical model of subduction zones that emerges from a review of the combined findings of petrology, modelling, geophysics, and geochemistry: Intensely mixed metamorphic rock formations, so-called mélanges, form along the slab-mantle interface and comprise the characteristic trace-element patterns of subduction-zone magmatic rocks. We consider mélange formation the physical mixing process that is responsible for the geochemical three-component pattern of the magmas. Blobs of low-density mélange material, so-called diapirs, rise buoyantly from the surface of the subducting slab and provide a means of transport for well-mixed materials into the mantle beneath the volcanoes, where they produce melt.
    [Show full text]
  • Relationship Between Growth Faults, Subsidence, and Land Loss: an Example from Cameron Parish, Southwestern Louisiana, USA
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340069701 Relationship between Growth Faults, Subsidence, and Land Loss: An Example from Cameron Parish, Southwestern Louisiana, USA Article in Journal of Coastal Research · March 2020 DOI: 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-19-00108.1 CITATION READS 1 257 1 author: Raphael Gottardi University of Louisiana at Lafayette 41 PUBLICATIONS 136 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Basin Analysis View project All content following this page was uploaded by Raphael Gottardi on 23 March 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Journal of Coastal Research 00 0 000–000 Coconut Creek, Florida Month 0000 Relationship between Growth Faults, Subsidence, and Land Loss: An Example from Cameron Parish, Southwestern Louisiana, USA Matthew O’Leary and Raphael Gottardi* School of Geosciences University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette, LA 70504, U.S.A. ABSTRACT O’Leary, M. and Gottardi, R., 0000. Relationship between growth faults, subsidence, and land loss: An example from Cameron Parish, Southwestern Louisiana, USA. Journal of Coastal Research, 00(0), 000–000. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. This study investigates the relationship between faulting, subsidence, and land loss in coastal Louisiana. A methodology that integrates three-dimensional (3D) seismic data, well logs, high-resolution topographic mapping (LIDAR), and historical aerial photography is successfully developed to identify fault-related geomorphic changes in southwestern Louisiana’s Chenier Plain. Analysis of a 3D seismic survey and well logs reveals the presence of 10 normal faults that form an east-west graben in the middle of the study area.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrating 3-D Seismic Data with Shallow High Resolution Seismic Data
    University of New Orleans ScholarWorks@UNO University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations Dissertations and Theses Spring 5-19-2017 Evidence of fault movement during the Holocene in Southern Louisiana: integrating 3-D seismic data with shallow high resolution seismic data Joseph P. Frank University of New Orleans, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Frank, Joseph P., "Evidence of fault movement during the Holocene in Southern Louisiana: integrating 3-D seismic data with shallow high resolution seismic data" (2017). University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations. 2321. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2321 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by ScholarWorks@UNO with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights- holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Evidence of fault movement during the Holocene in Southern Louisiana: integrating 3-D seismic data with shallow high resolution seismic data A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of New Orleans in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Earth and Environmental Sciences Coastal Geology by Joseph Frank B.S.
    [Show full text]