Old English Churches
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This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. http://books.google.com OldEnglishchurches GeorgeClinch ;' f-. LONDON: 43, Qt. Russell St.,W.C. (Opposite British Museum). Works : Eagle Works, Hornsey. BIRMINGHAM : 79, Edmund Street Works: Porchester Sq. LIVERPOOL : Manufacturers Concert Street, Bold Street. Of EVERY dESCRIPTION OK CHURCH FURNITURE In Metal. Wood, and Stone. TEXTILE FABRICS AND EMBROIDERIES. Stained Glass Artists and Decorators. DESIGNS AND ESTIMATES PREPARED. Catalogue Free to the Clergy. The Coins of Great Britain and Ireland, with their value. A Guide for Collectors, lly the late Col. W. Stewart Thorburn. Third Edition. Revised and Enlarged by H. A. GRUEBER, F.S.A. Illustrated. Price 10s. bd., by post 10«. 10(i. English Pottery and Porcelain. A Guide for Collectors. With Engravings of SDecimen Pieces and the Marks and Monograms used by the different Makers. Second Edition. By the Rev. E. A. Downman. Price 3s. bd., by post 3s. $d. The Adhesive Postage Stamps of Europe. A Practical Guide to their Collection, Identification, and Classi fication. Especially designed for the use of those commencing the Study. By W. A. S. Westoby. Beautifully Illustrated. Cheap Edition. In two vols. , price 7s. bd. , by post 8s. The Library Manual. A Guide to the Formation of a Library, and the Values of Rare and Standard Books. By J. H. Slater, Barriater-at-Law. Third Edition. Revised and Greatly Enlarged. In cloth gilt, price 7s. bd., by post 7s. 10ti. London : L. UPCOTT GILL, Bazaar Buildings, Drury Lane, W.C. MONDAY, OCT. 6th, I9O2. THE CHURCH CONGRESS, NORTHAMPTON. " Special commendation is due to the " admirable iron and brass work of Messrs. " Waltham & Co., of Buckingham Gate, " which shows great individuality and taste "of design." Artists i« metals 46. YORK STREET § BUCKINGHAM GfrTE WESTMINSTER -S-W METflLTO^CHURCHB Hand W rought JlBpmoriel ©fl&leb. ©16 English Gburcbes. Tomb of Archbishof Abbot, Holy Trinity Church, Guildford. p. 193. Gburcbes : Their Architecture, Furniture, Decoration, Monuments, Vestments, and Plate. BY GEORGE CLINCH, F.G.S. ILLUSTRATED. Second and Enlarged Edition. Chaldon Church, Surrey. LONDON: L. UPCOTT GILL, Bazaar Buildings, DRURY LANE, W.O. (formerly of 170, strand). NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 153-157, FIFTH AVENUE. 1903. LONdON : L. UPCOTT GILL, LONdON ANd COUNTY PRINTING WORKS, BAZAAR BUILdINGS, W.C. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. The need of some sort of handy architectural manual must often have been felt by visitors to old churches, especially at those seasons of the year when holiday rs—ibles give opportunities of seeing remote and little known parts of the country. The following notes have been written to supply this want. They are intended to serve as an easily under standable guide to what is really interesting in the architecture and furniture of our ancient churches. The subject is somewhat comprehensive, and obviously it would be impossible to treat it in anything like minute detail in this volume ; but although studiously brief and concise, the notes are intended to be sufficiently full to indicate generally all the most essential points to be looked for, and all the ordinary features which are likely to be found in our old English churches. The study of ecclesiology, even in a humble and superficial way, is worthy of encouragement. It enables one to take an intelligent interest in what is seen ; and, vi PEEFACE. what is of even greater value, it gives an object and a purpose to a walk; finally, it is a very harmless and inexpensive hobby. The following pages contain, in a brief and condensed form, the substance of a large collection of notes and observations made on old English churches during a number of summer holidays. To a large extent they are the result of personal observation, and the earlier notes were made without any idea of publication, but subsequently the large number of interesting churches dealt with seemed to justify their being printed, and they were accordingly issued as a series of articles in The Bazaar. The hope was that they might be successful in stimulating an intelligent appreciation of the many interesting and beautiful remains which may be found in old English churches. That hope has been abundantly justified, as is shown by the present demand for the articles in the form of a volume. In certain portions of the book, particularly the section treating of architecture, free use has been made of what has already been written upon the subject by Eickman and Parker. It was felt that this course, coupled with this word of grateful acknowledgment, would be preferable to anything the writer might be able to say upon a subject upon which so much valuable information has already been given. The writer wishes to express his grateful thanks for the assistance he has received from many kind friends during the preparation of the following pages for the PEEFACE. vii press ; and he is also glad to take this opportunity of acknowledging his obligations to the Eev. J. B. Clare, Vicar of Wenhaston, for the use of the block illus trating the Wenhaston Doom (Fig. 93) ; to the Norfolk and Norwich Archseological Society for permission to make use of their drawings for the sketches given in Figs. 94 and 95 ; and to Messrs. George Bell and Sons for permission to have made, from certain wood-blocks in their possession, the five photographs which have been used in Figs. 96, 97, 98, 99, and 100. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. The demand for a second edition of this little book is for more than one reason gratifying to the writer. It not only affords the best possible proof of the success of his under taking, but it also offers a convenient opportunity of making certain additions, revisions, and corrections, of which he gladly avails himself. It will be perceived that the additional matter deals with ecclesiastical vestments, church plate, and headstones. In this part of his work the author has received much kind assistance from friends to whom his sincere thanks are offered. He also wishes to express his obligations to the Council of the Society of Antiquaries of London for permission to reproduce as illustrations Figs. 169, 170, 171, 172, 174 and 175; to the authorities of the Victoria and Albert Museum, South Kensington, for permission to take the photographs from which Figs. 160, 163, 164, and 165 have been prepared ; and to the proprietor of The Bazaar for the loan of four blocks which are used as Figs. 140, 141, 142, and 143, and for that on page xx. Addiscombe, Surrey. November, 1902. CONTENTS. PA OK PAGE Prefatory Matter i-xix Furniture and Acces- sories — contd. Architecture — Eeredos . 61 Anglo-Saxon Style ... 2 Piscina . 63 Norman Style 8 Ambry . 65 Early English Style 16 Squint . 66 Decorated Style ... 23 Easter Sepulchre .. 67 Tracery 23 Sedilia . 71 Perpendicular Style.. 38 Priest's Chair . 74 Tudor, Debased Per Ambo . 75 pendicular, and Pulpit . 75 Early Eenaissance Chancel Screen . 78 Work 44 Eood . 80 Furniture and Acces Eood-loft . 80 sories — Parclose . 84 Altar 55 Chantry Chapel . 84 Altar Consecration Misericords . 85 Crosses 57 Lectern . 86 Communion-table ... 60 Pews . 87 Altar-tomb 60 Font . 88 X CONTENTS. PAGE FURNITURE AND ACCES Monuments — contd. SORIES — contd. Mural Tablets 194 Church Chest 99 Monumental Brasses 195 Alms Dishes 103 Ledger-stones 247 Wooden Porch ... 103 Headstones 252 Parvise 105 Holy Water Stoup ... 109 Vestments — Masons' Marks ... 109 Materials ... 267 Lich-gate Ill Copes ... 272 Consecration Crosses 113 Chasubles ... 277 Churchyard Cross ... 117 Maniples ... 279 Bells 122 Altar frontals ... 281 Church Clocks ... 136 Altar hangings ... 284 Decorations — Stained Glass 139 Plate and Otheh Articles Tiles 152 Chalices 287 Mural Painting ... 159 Communion Cups ... 291 Painted Screens ... 173 Flagons 292 Patens 293 Monuments — Hall-marks 297 Stone Coffin-lids ... 180 Miscellaneous Effigies 185 Articles 299 Tombs 186 Mural Monuments ... 193 Index 308 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS GIVEN IN THE TEXT. PAGE Chaldon Church Vignette on Title Altar-screen, Winchester ... ... .. ... ... ••• xx- Saxon Window, Swanscombe Church ... ... ... ... 3 Tower of Earl's Barton Church ... ... ... ... ... 5 Norman Mouldings (Bases) ... ... ... ... ... ... 9 „ „ (Jambs) 10 Doorway, Eomsey Abbey ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 „ Barfreston Church ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 „ Rochester Cathedral ... ... ... ... ... 13 Early English Mouldings 20 Ditchling Church ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 22 Plumpton Church ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 23 Plate Tracery 25 Window, Exeter Cathedral 26 „ Kirton... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... 28 Etchingham 29 Doorway, Rochester Cathedral 31 Stone 32 Decorated Piers ... ... ... ... 31 Sutton-at-Hone Church... ... ... ... ... ... ... 36 Window, York Minster... ... ... ... ... ... ... 39 Waynflete's Chantry Chapel, Winchester Cathedral 42 Ash Church 43 Church of St. Martin-in-the-Fields, London 49 St. George's Church, Bloomsbury ... ... 51 Altar, Christchurch Priory ... ... 56 Altar Consecration Crosses 57 xii LIST OF ILLUSTBATIONS. PAOR Piscina, Keston ... CI „ Christchurch Pricry ... G5 Squint 66 Easter Sepulchre, Bosham G9 Recess, Walton-on-the-Hill 70 Sedilia, etc., Fifield 72 „ Exeter Cathedral 73 Priest's Chair, Dunmow 74 Prior's Chair, Southwick ... ... 75 Pulpit, Harberton 7G „ Dartmouth 77 Rood Screen, Compton Bassett 81 Hour-glass Stand 82 Parclose-screen, Upminster 83 Misericord, Christchurch Priory 86 Norman