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Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) CONTRIBUCIÓN AL CONOCIMIENTO DE LOS CERAMBÍCIDOS DE LAS SIERRAS DE TAXCO-HUAUTLA, MÉXICO (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE) Contribution to the knowledge of the longhorned beetles from Sierras de Taxco-Huautla, México (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Ma. Magdalena Ordóñez-Reséndiz y Geovanni Rodríguez-Mirón. Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Guelatao 66, Ejército de Oriente, Iztapalapa, D.F. CP 09230, México. E-mail: [email protected]. Palabras Clave: Cerambycidae, Sierras de Taxco-Huautla, México. Introducción En México, la selva baja caducifolia (SBC) o bosque tropical caducifolio (Miranda y Hernández-X, 1963; Rzedowski, 1978) cubría el 17% del territorio nacional; sin embargo, las actividades humanas han perturbado severamente estas comunidades, principalmente en zonas de lomeríos (García Romero et al., 2005). Estudios sobre plantas (Rzedowski, 1991; Pineda García et al., 2007) y vertebrados terrestres (Ceballos y García, 1995) resaltan la alta diversidad y niveles de endemismo de la SBC; en contraste, es poco lo que se conoce sobre los invertebrados de estas comunidades, en particular los coleópteros. Noguera y colaboradores (2002) realizaron un estudio de la familia Cerambycidae en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Huautla (REBIOSH), al sur del estado de Morelos. En este trabajo se dan a conocer las especies de cerambícidos presentes en la parte occidental de la REBIOSH y en la Sierra de Taxco, con la cual forma una entidad geológica continua, reconocida por la Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO) como Región Terrestre Prioritaria Sierras de Taxco-Huautla (RTP 120) (Arriaga et al., 2000). Materiales y Método Trabajo de campo. Durante 52 días, entre mayo de 2003 a octubre de 2008, se realizaron recolectas diurnas y vespertinas de cerambícidos en 27 localidades de las Sierras de Taxco- Huautla (RTP 120) y sus alrededores, 22 de Guerrero y cinco de Morelos (Fig. 1). Mediante las técnicas de barrido y bareo se capturaron adultos sobre la vegetación herbácea, arbustiva y arbórea; asimismo, se revisaron troncos en descomposición. Los ejemplares se sacrificaron con acetato de etilo y se rotularon con los datos geográficos correspondientes. Determinación taxonómica. Las morfoespecies recolectadas fueron determinadas a género o especie mediante literatura especializada (Linsley y Chemsak, 1995; Yanega, 1996; Chemsak y Noguera, 1998; Turnbow y Thomas, 2002; Monné y Bezark, 2008; Bezark, 2008) y con el apoyo del Dr. Felipe Noguera Martínez de la Estación de Biología Chamela (UNAM). Resultados y Discusión Se registraron 97 especies de Cerambycidae, 78 se determinaron a nivel específico, dos afines a especie y 17 a género (Cuadro 1). La riqueza de especies obtenida fue menor a la reportada en otras áreas de SBC, como Chamela, Jalisco (306 especies) (Chemsak y Noguera, 1996), Sierra de Huautla, Morelos (153 especies) (Noguera et al., 2002), El Aguacero, Chiapas 952 (203 especies) (Toledo et al., 2002) y San Buenaventura, Jalisco (109 especies) (Noguera et al., 2007). Los datos obtenidos en este proyecto son resultado de recolectas directas, por lo que es necesario implementar métodos de captura indirectos para tratar de registrar la diversidad de cerambícidos que habita en cada uno de los sitios estudiados. De los taxones reconocidos a nivel específico, 36 se citan por primera vez para el estado de Guerrero y siete para el estado de Morelos (Cuadro 1). Es probable que surjan nuevas especies de los taxones determinados a género; sin embargo, la problemática taxonómica de algunos grupos y la carencia de información sobre las especies mexicanas, imposibilitan la labor taxonómica. C Figura 1. Sitios de recolecta en las Sierras de Taxco-Huautla. La mayoría de los cerambícidos mostraron una distribución restringida dentro de la zona de estudio, 66 especies (68% del total) se registraron en una o dos localidades. Aunque estos datos sugieren la presencia de endemismos, cabe recordar que el conocimiento biogeográfico del grupo es incipiente (Toledo y Corona, 2006) y que gran parte de México no ha sido explorado de manera sistemática, prueba de ellos son los escasos estudios faunísticos realizados en SBC (Chemsak y Noguera, 1996; Noguera et al., 2002; Toledo et al., 2002; Noguera et al., 2007) y los nuevos registros estatales que se señalan en este trabajo (Cuadro 1). Mecas obereoides Bates se encontró en diez de los sitios visitados y Tylosis puncticollis Bates en nueve sitios, lo cual se atribuye a su amplia distribución en el territorio nacional (Monné y Bezark, 2008; Bezark, 2008). La localidad El Naranjo (sitio 8, Figura 1) se distinguió por presentar la mayor riqueza específica del área con 32 especies, seguida de Los Amates con 14 especies (sitio 15), Las Vías con 13 especies (sitio 14) y Palmillas con 12 especies (sitio 16), todas en el estado de Guerrero. 953 Cuadro 1. Especies de Cerambycidae de las Sierras de Taxco-Huautla. *=nuevo registro para Guerrero, ♦=nuevo registro para Morelos. RIONINAE 28. Chemsakiella sp. Macrotomini 29. Deltaspis alutacea Bates, 1885* 1. Nothopleurus lobigenis Bates, 1884 30. Deltaspis auromarginata Audinet-Serville, 1834 CERAMBYCINAE 31. Deltaspis rubriventris Bates, 1880 Callichromatini 32. Deltaspis variabilis Bates, 1891♦ 2. Plinthocoelium chilensis (Blanchard en Gray, 33. Gambria bicolor (Chevrolat, 1862)* 1851)* 34. Gambria leucozona Bates, 1880* Clytini 35. Ischnocnemis caerulescens Bates, 1885 3. Dexithea klugii (Laporte & Gory, 1935) 36. Ischnocnemis costipennis Thomson, 1864 4. Ochraethes sommeri (Chevrolat, 1835)* 37. Ischnocnemis cyaneus Bates, 1892* 5. Plagionotus astecus (Chevrolat, 1860) 38. Ischnocnemis sexualis Bates, 1885* 6. Tanyochraethes cinereolus (Bates, 1892) 39. Lophalia sp. Eburiini 40. Metaleptus pyrrhulus Bates, 1880* 7. Eburia baroni Bates, 1892 41. Muscidora tricolor Thomson, 1864 8. Eburia laticollis Bates, 1880* 42. Parevander xanthomelas (Guérin-Méneville, Elaphidiini 1844)♦ 9. Orwellion gibbulum gibbulum (Bates, 1880) 43. Sphaenothecus aff. argenteus Bates, 1880 10. Psyrassa oaxacae Toledo, 2002♦ 44. Sphaenothecus bivittata Dupont, 1838 11. Psyrassa sp. 45. Sphaenothecus picticornis Bates, 1880* 12. Stenosphenus protensus Bates, 1880 46. Sphaenothecus trilineatus Dupont, 1838* 13. Stenosphenus rufipes Bates, 1872 47. Stenaspis verticalis verticalis Audinet-Serville, 14. Stenosphenus sp. 1834* Hesperophanini 48. Stenobatyle eburata (Chevrolat, 1862) 15. Austrophanes robustum Chemsak & Linsley, 49. Trachyderes mandibularis mandibularis 1963 Dupont en Audinet-Serville, 1834*♦ Hexoplonini 50. Tylosis puncticollis Bates, 1885 16. Hexoplon calligrammum Bates, 1885 17. Stenygra histrio Audinet-Serville, 1834 LEPTURINAE Lissonotini Lepturini 18. Lissonotus flavocinctus multifasciatus 51. Meloemorpha aliena (Bates, 1880)* Dupont, 1836 52. Strangalia doyeni Chemsak & Linsley, 1976* Oxycoleini 53. Strangalia sp. 1 19. Oxycoleus gratiosus (Bates, 1885)* 54. Strangalia sp. 2 Rhinotragini 20. Acyphoderes cribricollis Bates, 1892 LAMIINAE 21. Odontocera aff. nevermanni Fisher, 1930 Acanthocinini Rhopalophorini 55. Canidia canescens (Dillon, 1955)♦ 22. Rhopalophora cupricollis Guérin-Méneville, 56. Canidia giesberti Wappes & Lingafelter, 1844 2005* 23. Rhopalophora tenuis (Chevrolat, 1855) 57. Canidia spinicornis (Bates, 1881) Trachyderini 58. Eutrichillus comus (Bates, 1881) 24. Ancylocera michelbacheri Chemsak, 1963* 59. Lagocheirus obsoletus Thomson, 1860 25. Batyle laevicollis Bates, 1892* 60. Pseudastylopsis pini (Schaeffer, 1905)* 26. Ceralocyna cribricollis (Bates, 1885) 61. Pseudastylopsis sp. 27. Chemsakiella virgulata Chemsak, 1987* 62. Sternidius naeviicornis (Bates, 1885)* 954 63. Sternidius sp. 1 Lamiini 64. Sternidius sp. 2 80. Mimolochus hoefneri (Thomson, 1865) 65. Urographis sp. 81. Taeniotes luciani Thomson, 1859* Acanthoderini Onciderini 66. Acanthoderes funeraria Bates, 1861* 82. Taricanus truquii Thomson, 1868* 67. Aegomorphus albosignus Chemsak & Phytoeciini Noguera, 1993* 83. Mecas cinerea (Newman, 1840)* 68. Aegomorphus chamelae Chemsak & Giesbert, 84. Mecas marmorata Gahan, 1892 1986*♦ 85. Mecas obereoides Bates, 1881 69. Aegomorphus sp. 1 86. Mecas rotundicollis Thomson, 1868 70. Aegomorphus sp. 2 Pogonocherini 71. Peritapnia nudicornis (Bates, 1885)* 87. Alphomorphus vandykei (Linsley, 1930) 72. Peritapnia pilosa Chemsak & Linsley, 1978♦ 88. Poliaenus hesperus Chemsak & Linsley, 1988 Apomecynini Pteropliini 73. Adetus sp. 1 89. Ataxia sp. 74. Adetus sp. 2 90. Epectasis sp. 75. Dorcasta dasycera (Erichson en Schomburg, Tetraopini 1848)* 91. Phaea biplagiata Chemsak, 1977 Desmiphorini 92. Phaea bryani Chemsak, 1999* 76. Estoloides sp. 93. Phaea mirabilis Bates, 1874* Hemilophini 94. Phaea rufiventris Bates, 1872* 77. Alampyris quadricollis Bates, 1881* 95. Phaea tenuata Bates, 1872* 78. Essostrutha binotata Bates, 1881 96. Phaea vitticollis Bates, 1872* 79. Essostrutha laeta (Newman, 1840) 97. Tetraopes discoideus LeConte, 1858 De acuerdo a la clasificación seguida por Monné y Bezark (2008), la lista obtenida en este estudio comprende representantes de cuatro subfamilias, 24 tribus y 61 géneros. Las subfamilias más diversas fueron Cerambycinae y Lamiinae, como sucede para México y América (Noguera y Chemsak, 1996). Cerambycinae con 50 especies en 33 géneros, presentó la mayor riqueza específica (51.5% del total), seguida de Lamiinae con 45 especies (46.4%) en 24 géneros. Únicamente el 34% de las especies registradas (33 taxones) se distribuyen también en la
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