DOCSLIB.ORG

Mount. Wrange.Ll District, Alaska

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mount. Wrange.Ll District, Alaska .es { A, Economic Geology, 25 Professional Paper No, 15 8en B, Descriptive Geology, 30 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED Sl'ATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR THE MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE MOUNT. WRANGE.LL DISTRICT, ALASKA BY WALTER C. .MENDENHALL AND FRAJ'!K C. SCHRADER WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1903 4 CONTENTS. / Copper-Continued. l'age. Southern area-Continued. Copper occurrences-Continued. Description of properties-Continued. Deposits in the Chitina drainage basin.................................... 27 Strelna Creek deposits.. 27 Kuskulana River occurrences......................................... 27 Bonanza mine... 27 Old Independent vein.......... 28 Nikolai mine . 28 Other occurrences . • . 29 Northern area........................................................................ 30 General statement ......................................................... ,...... 30. Routes and trails................................................................. 30 Copper occurrencee . 32 Upper Copper River region. • . • . 32 Upper Tanana or Nabesna and Chisana region ............ ·.·····.............. 33 Geologic sketch.................. 33 Monte Cristo diorite...... 34 Nabesna limestone.................................................... 34 Character and occurrence..... 34 Age ...... -------~---·············································· 35 Diabasic series . 35 Character and occurrence...... 35 . Relations and age . 36 Mesozoic series ......................................·.......... 36 Occurrence and character . .. 36 Relations . 36 Age.............................................................. 37 Occurrence of copper ............................· . 37 On the upper Nabesna................................................ 37 On Camp Creek...... 39 On Cooper Creek. 39 On the Chisana . • . 39 On \Vhite River .................................. , ................. :. 40 Upper White River.............................................. 40 :Middle White River...... 41 Economic considerations ........................................................... -.. 42 Gold ................................................... - .. - ........ -- .......... -- .... - --. 43 Nabesna River region ....................................................... ·.......... 43 Chisana River region................................................................. 45 \Vhite River region................................................................... 45 Mentasta Mountain region ............................... -.- . 46 Routes and trails . 46 Geologic sketch ..................................... -- - -. - - .... -. - ...... - . 46 Gold occurrences ....· ................ ~ ..... ------.-------.. ---.-.. - .. -- ........ -.. 47 CONTENTS. 5 Gold-Continued. Page. Chistochina gold field . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. • . 48 Location ......................................... ~........... .. .. .. .. .. .. 48 Geography and drainage ............................... ".......................... 48 History.......................................................................... 49 Trails............................................................................ 49 Mail an~. telegraph .facilities . • . 50 Geologic sketch ··--------~-----. ........... ...... .................. ........ ...... 51 Gold occurrences . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 52 Output....................................................................... 52 Miller Gulch................................................................. 52 Slate Creek................................................................... 53 Big Four claims ................·.............................................. 54 Chesna River. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 55 Upper Chesna-Ruby Gulch . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 55 Lower Chesna............ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 56 Origin of the gold.... 57 Influence of glaciation ............................................................ · 58 Economic conditions.............................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 58 Delta River district................................................................... 59 Nizina gold field .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 59 Bremner district...................................................................... 62 Tiekel and Tonsina districts . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 62 Fall Creek....................................................................... 62 Quartz Creek..................................................................... 63 Other minerals........................................................................... 63 Silver................................................................................. 63 Platinum............................................................................. 63 Tin ..................................................................... ,............ 64 Mercury. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 65 Osmiridium . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 65 Iron ..... 0 ........................................................... ................ 65 Nabesna region..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 65 Gakona-Chistochina region........................................................ 66 Coal................................................................................. 66 Chistochina River................................................................ 66 Gakona River .. ~................................................................. 67 White River . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 67 Tazlina River . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 67 Chitistone River.... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 67 Cheshnina River . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. • . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 68 ILLUSTRATIONS. • Page. PLATE I . A, Mount Wrangell; B, Nadina River bars, Mount Drum in background .. Frontispiece. II. Outline, 1nap of Alaska.......................................................... 10 III. Map of the Mount Wrangell district . • . • • . • . • . • . • • • . •• . • . 14 IV. Map of the southern copper area .......................... _............. _... _... 16 V. A, Warner copper prospect and tunnel, near mouth of Rock Creek; B, Valley of Lime Creek, a tributary of Rock Creek ........ _.•.. _.................. _. • . 20 VI. A, View of Nikolai mine across upper Nikolai Creek; B, View of Bonanza mine from Horseshoe trail ••...•••....•...••..•.. _.•.....•........... _..... _. • . 28 VII. A, Monte Cristo diorite intruded by diabase; B, Nabesna limestone intruded by diabasic series on Nabesna River .... _...........••............... _......... _.. 32 VIII. A, Monte Cristo diorite on Monte Cristo Creek; B, Venation and disintegration in Monte Cristo. 'diorite .•.•..• __ .•...•••..•• ~ .................... _...........•.. _ 44 IX. Map of Chistochina gold tield ...•...••.....•.••.•••..•. ~ •... _. 48 X. A, View of Miller Gulch; B, View of upper Ruby Gulch, showing lower end of Jackpot claim .....••...•.•.... _.. • . • .. • . • . • . 52 FIG. 1. Protile and S!"ction from Copper Creek to Elliott Creek........................... 22 2. Map of the Elliott Creek copper claims ....••........••......•.....•.. _........... 23 3. Map of the region adjacent to the upper Nabesna River. ....... __ ................ 38 4. Sketch map showing location of Kletsan Creek copper deposits . • . • . 41 5. Sketch map of Nizina gold tield... ••. •• • • . • • • • • • • • •• . • . •• . • ••••• •• • . • • . • . .. .. 60 7 • • • THE MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE ~IOUNT WRANGELL DISTRICT, ALASKA. By "\\T ALTER C. MBNDJ<JNHAI,L and FRANK C. SCJCRADER. IN'l'RODU U'l'ION. The Tenth Census, taken in 1880, gives the number of white inhabitants of the Territory of Alaska n.s 430. In the decade from 1880 to 1890 this number had increased to 4,298, and in the following decade, that between 18!)0 and 1900, a further increase to 30,493 is reeorded. The Director of the Mint in his report for 1891 gives the value of the yield of the Territory in precious metals as $772,U)7. By 1900 these figures were increa:sed to $8,:365,772. These statistics of the growth in population and in mineral output of Alaska serve as an index to the general increase in the importance and· commercial value of the Tetritory as an integral part of the domain of the United States. The larger ·part of th'is growth began with the discovery, late in the autumn. of 1896, of the placer deposits of Klondike River in Canadian Yukon territory. Soon rdter this discovery there was a great influx of prospector:-, HJiners, and , bm;iness men to all parts of Alaska, but partieularly to the regions tributary to the Yukon, and with this increase in population came a proportional incr.ease in transportation facilities and business interests. An important part of the general movement toward Ahtska during this period was directed toward Copper River, the immigration there first reaching con;.;ider­ able proportions in the spring of 1898. Previous to this date something had been learned of the geography and less of the geology of the Copper River Valley through a number of .explorations, usually made under the auspices of the War Department. Lieutenant Abercrombie" reached Mile;.; Glacier in 1884 in an attempt to ascend the river, and Lieutenant Allen b in 1885 explored the main valley
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Crary-Henderson Collection, B1962.001
    REFERENCE CODE: AkAMH REPOSITORY NAME: Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center Bob and Evangeline Atwood Alaska Resource Center 625 C Street Anchorage, AK99501 Phone: 907-929-9235 Fax: 907-929-9233 Email: [email protected] Guide prepared by: Mary Langdon, Volunteer, and Sara Piasecki, Archivist TITLE: Crary-Henderson Collection COLLECTION NUMBER: B1962.001, B1962.001A OVERVIEW OF THE COLLECTION Dates: circa 1885-1930 Extent: 19.25 linear feet Language and Scripts: The collection is in English. Name of creator(s): Will Crary; Nan Henderson; Phinney S. Hunt; Miles Bros.; Lyman; George C. Cantwell; Johnson; L. G. Robertson; Lillie N. Gordon; John E. Worden; W. A. Henderson; H. Schultz; Merl LaVoy; Guy F. Cameron; Eric A. Hegg Administrative/Biographical History: The Crary and Henderson Families lived and worked in the Valdez area during the boom times of the early 1900s. William Halbrook Crary was a prospector and newspaper man born in the 1870s (may be 1873 or 1876). William and his brother Carl N. Crary came to Valdez in 1898. Will was a member of the prospecting party of the Arctic Mining Company; Carl was the captain of the association. The Company staked the “California Placer Claim” on Slate Creek and worked outside of Valdez on the claim. Slate Creek is a tributary of the Chitina River, in the Chistochina District of the Copper River Basin. Will Crary was the first townsite trustee for Valdez. Carl later worked in the pharmaceutical field in Valdez and was also the postmaster. Will married schoolteacher Nan Fitch in Valdez in 1906. Carl died of cancer in 1927 in Portland, Oregon.
    [Show full text]
  • Alaska Range
    Alaska Range Introduction The heavily glacierized Alaska Range consists of a number of adjacent and discrete mountain ranges that extend in an arc more than 750 km long (figs. 1, 381). From east to west, named ranges include the Nutzotin, Mentas- ta, Amphitheater, Clearwater, Tokosha, Kichatna, Teocalli, Tordrillo, Terra Cotta, and Revelation Mountains. This arcuate mountain massif spans the area from the White River, just east of the Canadian Border, to Merrill Pass on the western side of Cook Inlet southwest of Anchorage. Many of the indi- Figure 381.—Index map of vidual ranges support glaciers. The total glacier area of the Alaska Range is the Alaska Range showing 2 approximately 13,900 km (Post and Meier, 1980, p. 45). Its several thousand the glacierized areas. Index glaciers range in size from tiny unnamed cirque glaciers with areas of less map modified from Field than 1 km2 to very large valley glaciers with lengths up to 76 km (Denton (1975a). Figure 382.—Enlargement of NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) image mosaic of the Alaska Range in summer 1995. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration image mosaic from Mike Fleming, Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, Alaska. The numbers 1–5 indicate the seg- ments of the Alaska Range discussed in the text. K406 SATELLITE IMAGE ATLAS OF GLACIERS OF THE WORLD and Field, 1975a, p. 575) and areas of greater than 500 km2. Alaska Range glaciers extend in elevation from above 6,000 m, near the summit of Mount McKinley, to slightly more than 100 m above sea level at Capps and Triumvi- rate Glaciers in the southwestern part of the range.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Model of the Crustal Magnetic Field of Mars Using MGS and MAVEN
    RESEARCH ARTICLE A New Model of the Crustal Magnetic Field of Mars Using 10.1029/2018JE005854 MGS and MAVEN Key Points: 1 1 2 3 • MGS and MAVEN magnetic field Benoit Langlais , Erwan Thébault , Aymeric Houliez , Michael E. Purucker , 4 measurements are combined into a and Robert J. Lillis high-resolution magnetic field model • The new model extends up to SH 1Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, CNRS, UMR 6112, Nantes, degree 134, corresponding to 160-km France, 2Observatoire Royal de Belgique, Uccle, Belgium, 3Planetary Magnetospheres Laboratory, NASA Goddard horizontal resolution at the Martian Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA, 4Space Science Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA surface • It enables local studies, where geologic and magnetic features can be compared Abstract While devoid of an active magnetic dynamo field today, Mars possesses a remanent magnetic field that may reach several thousand nanoteslas locally. The exact origin and the events that have shaped the crustal magnetization remain largely enigmatic. Three magnetic field data sets from two spacecraft Supporting Information: • Supporting Information S1 collected over 13 cumulative years have sampled the Martian magnetic field over a range of altitudes •TableS1 from 90 up to 6,000 km: (a) Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) magnetometer (1997–2006), (b) MGS Electron Reflectometer (1999–2006), and (c) Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) magnetometer Correspondence to: (2014 to today). In this paper we combine these complementary data sets for the first time to build a new B. Langlais, model of the Martian internal magnetic field. This new model improves upon previous ones in several [email protected] aspects: comprehensive data coverage, refined data selection scheme, modified modeling scheme, discrete-to-continuous transformation of the model, and increased model resolution.
    [Show full text]
  • March 21–25, 2016
    FORTY-SEVENTH LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONFERENCE PROGRAM OF TECHNICAL SESSIONS MARCH 21–25, 2016 The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center The Woodlands, Texas INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT Universities Space Research Association Lunar and Planetary Institute National Aeronautics and Space Administration CONFERENCE CO-CHAIRS Stephen Mackwell, Lunar and Planetary Institute Eileen Stansbery, NASA Johnson Space Center PROGRAM COMMITTEE CHAIRS David Draper, NASA Johnson Space Center Walter Kiefer, Lunar and Planetary Institute PROGRAM COMMITTEE P. Doug Archer, NASA Johnson Space Center Nicolas LeCorvec, Lunar and Planetary Institute Katherine Bermingham, University of Maryland Yo Matsubara, Smithsonian Institute Janice Bishop, SETI and NASA Ames Research Center Francis McCubbin, NASA Johnson Space Center Jeremy Boyce, University of California, Los Angeles Andrew Needham, Carnegie Institution of Washington Lisa Danielson, NASA Johnson Space Center Lan-Anh Nguyen, NASA Johnson Space Center Deepak Dhingra, University of Idaho Paul Niles, NASA Johnson Space Center Stephen Elardo, Carnegie Institution of Washington Dorothy Oehler, NASA Johnson Space Center Marc Fries, NASA Johnson Space Center D. Alex Patthoff, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Cyrena Goodrich, Lunar and Planetary Institute Elizabeth Rampe, Aerodyne Industries, Jacobs JETS at John Gruener, NASA Johnson Space Center NASA Johnson Space Center Justin Hagerty, U.S. Geological Survey Carol Raymond, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lindsay Hays, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Paul Schenk,
    [Show full text]
  • Impact Melt Emplacement on Mercury
    Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 7-24-2018 2:00 PM Impact Melt Emplacement on Mercury Jeffrey Daniels The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Neish, Catherine D. The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Geology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Science © Jeffrey Daniels 2018 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Geology Commons, Physical Processes Commons, and the The Sun and the Solar System Commons Recommended Citation Daniels, Jeffrey, "Impact Melt Emplacement on Mercury" (2018). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 5657. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/5657 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract Impact cratering is an abrupt, spectacular process that occurs on any world with a solid surface. On Earth, these craters are easily eroded or destroyed through endogenic processes. The Moon and Mercury, however, lack a significant atmosphere, meaning craters on these worlds remain intact longer, geologically. In this thesis, remote-sensing techniques were used to investigate impact melt emplacement about Mercury’s fresh, complex craters. For complex lunar craters, impact melt is preferentially ejected from the lowest rim elevation, implying topographic control. On Venus, impact melt is preferentially ejected downrange from the impact site, implying impactor-direction control. Mercury, despite its heavily-cratered surface, trends more like Venus than like the Moon.
    [Show full text]
  • MIAMI UNIVERSITY the Graduate School Certificate for Approving The
    MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the Dissertation of Qiuyuan Huang Candidate for the Degree: Doctor of Philosophy _______________________________________ Hailiang Dong, Director ________________________________________ Yildirim Dilek, Reader ________________________________________ Jonathan Levy, Reader ______________________________________ Chuanlun Zhang, External examiner ______________________________________ Annette Bollmann, Graduate School Representative ABSTRACT GEOMICROBIAL INVESTIGATIONS ON EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS: LINKING GEOCHEMISTRY TO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY IN TERRESTRIAL HOT SPRINGS AND SALINE LAKES by Qiuyuan Huang Terrestrial hot springs and saline lakes represent two extreme environments for microbial life and constitute an important part of global ecosystems that affect the biogeochemical cycling of life-essential elements. Despite the advances in our understanding of microbial ecology in the past decade, important questions remain regarding the link between microbial diversity and geochemical factors under these extreme conditions. This dissertation first investigates a series of hot springs with wide ranges of temperature (26-92oC) and pH (3.72-8.2) from the Tibetan Plateau in China and the Philippines. Within each region, microbial diversity and geochemical conditions were studied using an integrated approach with 16S rRNA molecular phylogeny and a suite of geochemical analyses. In Tibetan springs, the microbial community was dominated by archaeal phylum Thaumarchaeota
    [Show full text]
  • P1616 Text-Only PDF File
    A Geologic Guide to Wrangell–Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska A Tectonic Collage of Northbound Terranes By Gary R. Winkler1 With contributions by Edward M. MacKevett, Jr.,2 George Plafker,3 Donald H. Richter,4 Danny S. Rosenkrans,5 and Henry R. Schmoll1 Introduction region—his explorations of Malaspina Glacier and Mt. St. Elias—characterized the vast mountains and glaciers whose realms he invaded with a sense of astonishment. His descrip­ Wrangell–Saint Elias National Park and Preserve (fig. tions are filled with superlatives. In the ensuing 100+ years, 6), the largest unit in the U.S. National Park System, earth scientists have learned much more about the geologic encompasses nearly 13.2 million acres of geological won­ evolution of the parklands, but the possibility of astonishment derments. Furthermore, its geologic makeup is shared with still is with us as we unravel the results of continuing tectonic contiguous Tetlin National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska, Kluane processes along the south-central Alaska continental margin. National Park and Game Sanctuary in the Yukon Territory, the Russell’s superlatives are justified: Wrangell–Saint Elias Alsek-Tatshenshini Provincial Park in British Columbia, the is, indeed, an awesome collage of geologic terranes. Most Cordova district of Chugach National Forest and the Yakutat wonderful has been the continuing discovery that the disparate district of Tongass National Forest, and Glacier Bay National terranes are, like us, invaders of a sort with unique trajectories Park and Preserve at the north end of Alaska’s panhan­ and timelines marking their northward journeys to arrive in dle—shared landscapes of awesome dimensions and classic today’s parklands.
    [Show full text]
  • Glenn Highway Tok Cutoff (GJ-125 to GJ-0) to Milepost a 160
    Map GLENN HIGHWAY • TOK CUTOFF Glenn Highway To Chicken and Eagle © The MILEPOST To Delta Junction (see TAYLOR HIGHWAY section) Key to mileage boxes ver (see ALASKA HIGHWAY section) Tanana Ri miles/kilometres G miles/kilometres Tanacross 5 from: la A L c A Swb T-Tok V-Valdez ia S K 2 Tok Map Location G-Glennallen ted A ® GJ-Gakona Junction A re A-Anchorage a R 2 A 1 Tetlin Junction J-Junction N HJ-Haines Junction Mount Kimball G T-0 a To Haines DJ-Delta Junction in 10,300 ft./3,139m E ch r w GJ-125/201km Junction Chisto cie G la A-328/528km (see ALASKA Principal Route Logged Key to Advertiser er HIGHWAY Services T iv DJ-108/174km C -Camping ok R section) Paved Unpaved R HJ-296/476km D -Dump Station iv ok Other Roads Logged d -Diesel er T G -Gas (reg., unld.) Tetlin I -Ice Lake Other Roads Scenic Byway L -Lodging M -Meals T Refer to Log for Visitor Facilities P -Propane Tok Cutoff ok Cu L R -Car Repair (major) na i Scale Sla R Mineral Lakes t iv t r -Car Repair (minor) e l 0 10 Miles r e S -Store (grocery) 0 10 Kilometres T -Telephone (pay) . t Cr t Bartell off (GJ-125 r Mentasta Lake e r e t T r. o v iv C i R Mentasta Lake S t ation k R Mentasta Summit n T-65/105km 2,434 ft./742m M a . i r E N d J-0 t C T A n e S I .
    [Show full text]
  • The Curtis L. Ivey Science Center DEDICATED SEPTEMBER 17, 2004
    NON-PROFIT Office of Advancement ORGANIZATION ALUMNI MAGAZINE COLBY-SAWYER Colby-Sawyer College U.S. POSTAGE 541 Main Street PAID New London, NH 03257 LEWISTON, ME PERMIT 82 C LBY-SAWYER CHANGE SERVICE REQUESTED ALUMNI MAGAZINE I NSIDE: FALL/WINTER 2004 The Curtis L. Ivey Science Center DEDICATED SEPTEMBER 17, 2004 F ALL/WINTER 2004 Annual Report Issue EDITOR BOARD OF TRUSTEES David R. Morcom Anne Winton Black ’73, ’75 CLASS NOTES EDITORS Chair Tracey Austin Ye ar of Gaye LaCasce Philip H. Jordan Jr. Vice-Chair CONTRIBUTING WRITERS Tracey Austin Robin L. Mead ’72 the Arts Jeremiah Chila ’04 Executive Secretary Cathy DeShano Ye ar of Nicole Eaton ’06 William S. Berger Donald A. Hasseltine Pamela Stanley Bright ’61 Adam S. Kamras Alice W. Brown Gaye LaCasce Lo-Yi Chan his month marks the launch of the Year of the Arts, a David R. Morcom Timothy C. Coughlin P’00 Tmultifaceted initiative that will bring arts faculty members to meet Kimberly Swick Slover Peter D. Danforth P’83, ’84, GP’02 the Arts Leslie Wright Dow ’57 with groups of alumni and friends around the country. We will host VICE PRESIDENT FOR ADVANCEMENT Stephen W. Ensign gatherings in art museums and galleries in a variety of cities, and Donald A. Hasseltine Eleanor Morrison Goldthwait ’51 are looking forward to engaging hundreds of alumni and friends in Suzanne Simons Hammond ’66 conversations about art, which will be led by our faculty experts. DIRECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT Patricia Driggs Kelsey We also look forward to sharing information about Colby-Sawyer’s Beth Cahill Joyce Juskalian Kolligian ’55 robust arts curriculum.
    [Show full text]
  • R. L. Smith, H. R. Shaw, R. G. Luedke, and S. L. Russell U. S. Geological
    COMPREHENSIVE TABLES GIVING PHYSICAL DATA AND THERMAL ENERGY ESTIMATES FOR YOUNG IGNEOUS SYSTEMS OF THE UNITED STATES by R. L. Smith, H. R. Shaw, R. G. Luedke, and S. L. Russell U. S. Geological Survey OPEN-FILE REPORT 78-925 This report is preliminary and has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with Geological Survey Standards and nomenclature INTRODUCTION This report presents two tables. The first is a compre­ hensive table of 157 young igneous systems in the western United States, giving locations, physical data, and thermal en­ ergy estimates, where apropriate, for each system. The second table is a list of basaltic fields probably less than 10,000 years old in the western United States. These tables are up­ dated and reformatted from Smith and Shaw's article "Igneous- related geothermal systems" in Assessment of geothermal re­ sources of the United States 1975 (USGS Circular 726, White and Williams, eds., 1975). This Open-File Report is a compan­ ion to Smith and Shaw's article "Igneous-related geothermal systems" in Assessment of geothermal resources in the United States 1978 (USGS Circular 790, Muffler, ed., 1979). The ar­ ticle in Circular 790 contains an abridged table showing only those igneous systems for which thermal estimates were made. The article also gives an extensive discussion of hydrothermal cooling effects and an explanation of the model upon which the thermal energy estimates are based. Thermal energy is calculated for those systems listed in table 1 that are thought to contribute significant thermal en­ ergy to the upper crust. As discussed by Smith and Shaw (1975), silicic volcanic systems are believed to be associated nearly always with high-level (<10 km) magma chambers.
    [Show full text]
  • Observations of Migrating Golden Eagles (Aquila Chrysaetos) in Eastern Interior Alaska Offer Insights on Population Size and Migration Monitoring
    J. Raptor Res. 50(3):254–264 Ó 2016 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc. OBSERVATIONS OF MIGRATING GOLDEN EAGLES (AQUILA CHRYSAETOS) IN EASTERN INTERIOR ALASKA OFFER INSIGHTS ON POPULATION SIZE AND MIGRATION MONITORING 1 CAROL L. MCINTYRE Denali National Park and Preserve, 4175 Geist Road, Fairbanks, AK 99709 U.S.A. STEPHEN B. LEWIS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 3000 Vintage Boulevard, Suite 201, Juneau, AK 99801 U.S.A. ABSTRACT.—Migratory Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) from Alaska winter across a vast region of western North America, much of which is undergoing rapid change from a diversity of indirect and direct human activities. To address recent conservation concerns, we are studying the year-round movements of migratory Golden Eagles from interior and northern Alaska to identify and evaluate potential risks to their survival. We are also developing new survey techniques to estimate population size and trends. As part of our ongoing studies, we observed migrating Golden Eagles in spring and autumn 2014 during field investigations to locate Golden Eagle capture sites in eastern interior Alaska, and in spring 2015 during capture activities. We observed large numbers of Golden Eagles in both spring and autumn, suggesting that the Mentasta Mountains are an important migration corridor for this species. Further, our observations, including 1364 migrating Golden Eagles in October 2014, suggested that the Alaska Golden Eagle population is much larger than is reflected in the only currently available statewide population estimate of 2400 eagles. In combination with historical and contemporary tracking studies, our observations in the Mentasta Mountains provide important new information about Golden Eagle migration in Alaska and stimulate interest in answering fundamental questions about using counts of migrating Golden Eagles to estimate, and detect change in, the population size of Alaska’s migratory Golden Eagles.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Crossroads of Alaska Neil Hannan Photo
    Wrangell-St. Elias National Park & Preserve National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Wrangell-St. Elias National Park & Preserve 2009 Visitor Guide Richardson Highway, Milepost 88 Historical Crossroads of Alaska Neil Hannan photo THE 13.2 MILLION ACRES WHICH COMPRISE traditional subsistence hunting and fishing, but many others Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve have for centuries who visit our largest national park come for recreation or to Inside: served as a crossroads of human activity. Russians began to enter learn. They come to face wilderness challenges, such as the area in the late 1700s. The subsequent United States purchase fording glacial stream or topping an ice-clad mountain. They of Alaska in the 1800s further spurred expeditions, but all come to monitor species of concern, such as Kittlitz's Welcome ..................................... 2 of these endeavors came long after people became murrelets or Mentasta caribou. They come to see active in this region 8,000 years ago. the largest glaciers in North America, or to Visitor Centers ........................... 3 study evidence of past human activity along Humans were drawn here to trade with other their receding margins. They come to What To Do? .............................. 4 groups for materials unavailable in their own experience the Kennecott Mill Town, which territories and by dreams of fur trapping, mineral once extracted the world's richest copper ore, Early Explorers ........................... 6 riches, and rivers teeming with salmon. They initially to follow in the footsteps of early stampeders were lured into this wild country of jagged peaks and along the Richardson Highway, or to feel the quiet Safety ........................................
    [Show full text]