Ma e a u e o e Squa e ucas Associa es
1
E A U E O E SQUA E
CO E e ai s ci y o O au a i C is c u c ies o a se ies o oo ai su aces a e u c io o o ca ic i coas a a Waimaka i i i e ai s sys ems oo e e s a e u ie o me a su aces O eac es su ace io a g a ua y es a is e - i s ow ma a s a g asses; e s u s a woo a s O ee e we e soi s ka ika ea o es s e e ua y e e o e e Waimaka i i wou e u u yi g o es i es sa s g a e s a si s e ege a io cyc e wou egi agai is mu i- aye e seque ce is a e i a e "c u sa wic " o u ie o es s soi s si s a g eywacke g a e s o e w ic e Ci y is ui
e a su aces o C is c u c a e ee ma e o ei a o ima e age soi e e o me a ai age y a a ogy wi su i i g em a s a is o ic accou s e a u a ma u e ege a io o eac su ace as ee eco s uc e i eo y a use as a gui e o u e s a "w a a u e i e e " o eac a o e ci y e mi o soi s a s wi i e a mic o es a e ocesses a i em oge e is e ecosys em
Eac ecosys em is a ysica - io ogica u i i e ms o a o ms a u a y o o e ia y omi a ege a io a wi i e a i a Eac ecosys em su o e e ge e oo o a i e a s a a ima s a ga e c a ac e o is ace oge e e ecosys ems o me a mosaic e a e o e age a o igi s o eac a su ace e osu e o su sa wi a ai a e ec s o is u a ce y i e oo a se eme
ECOSYS EM MA I G e ai s ecosys ems o e Ci y a e ee ma e a i c u e e o e oo y ai e t p soi s a im e ec y ai e K p soi s a e mi - age u ee we - ai e W r r soi s e o e a we e a e a eas yea s o a a u a y su o su aces a us o es sys em e mi -age su aces a e om 3 o 3 yea s o W e eas ou o e wes o e ci y e you ges su aces o e y a i e g ass a s a e ess a 3 yea s o
As we as ei g ma e ecosys ems a e ee gi e a "sig a u e" ame a g a ic a ico ( ucas associa es 199 e s ecies o eac "sig a u e" e i e u a e o ecessa i y co i e o a ecosys em Some a s ike i kouka kow ai a ka uka a e wi e a gi g e s ecies a o m a u e aye ames is i guis eac ecosys em e e u e o e u e aye s o eac ecosys em is s ow - s o es ogs ea e ese ce si e a s a e o g eywacke s o es u e i s e c a ac e o some ecosys ems
e u e aye s co ai mag i ice aqui e s om w ic C is c u c o ai s i s ig qua i y wa e ese wa e s a e s ow y o ce u ies om e mou ai s m w=a1; ■•■■■ ■1
o a a S um s 1m e ow Ce e Ci y G ou Su ace u e e ai s owa e sea om ese a esia ow is a a u a c a ac e is ic o e ci y ce e
Muc o e ce a ci y ies o e us o e su aces a a u a y su o a i e o es ( e e ma a ci y c oss sec io
KA IKA EA ke e u ma a u us o e ai s ecosys em o e we ai a u soi s
O A A e i ma ai o e ai s ecosys em o e mois a ee Kaia oi soi s
OU E E iwakawaka ko u u mi -age ai s ecosys em o e mois a ee Waimaka i i soi s
Ca e a Squa e ies ac oss e a e wo su aces e O A A a e OU E E ecosys ems o a a s um s co i ue o e e ose us e ow e su ace u i g e ca a io s i e ce a ci y is sym o ises e o es ecosys em a u e ies is ace u is a ge y u k ow o e u ic
e ecosys em ames i a e i e e e e ce o e a s a a ima s o ese o es s - e ec a - ee i g e i (ko imako e i sec - ee i g iwakawaka o a ai e i s e i a s e i sec s ey a e a c ucia ime sio s o e a u e o e ace ea y e A o su o s a i e is es suc as i a ga (w i e ai is e a e oye i e ci y ce e y eo e a e ko a e (ki g is e
A A A a is s o ees s u s a g ou co e s a e ee com i e o eac o e i ige ous ecosys ems e a s o e O A A a OU E E ecosys ems a e is e o co ou e s ee s ey s ow a some i e e a i e a s ecies e o g i e a u e o e Squa e o mos o ese s ecies a age o a a o ows a s ows ea s a es e c o eac s ecies
e a is s s ow a ese a e o es s o a o oca s a icu a y o a a us ma ai e ma o i y o s ecies a e owe i g a s wi ma y ees a s u s e e is a so a a ge o g ou e s A oug se e a a e a u a o e we e KA IKA EA ecosys em (i c u i g e o ga o si e e o ee e s ecies e o g i e ie ecosys ems a u e ie e Squa e •••=m1; ■••■=1111 II■E
o a a S um s 1m e ow Ce e Ci y G ou Su ace 3
ei g a o a a as e o e wi a a ge i o u a io ma y s ecies a ou wi e ies o ma y s ecies e e ies si o s u y a c es ( a e a ou o i e a c e i s as is y ica o ma y s owy owe i g a s a us o i e o s e e e i eas s ei owe s a e us a so a c - ase - suc as o e ee uc sia w ose ec a is o ious y e oye y e e i eme gi g wi a ue o e -co e e ace
o e owe i g a s e ick ess a e e - ess o ea es is o e a im o a ea u e o ecog i io Some s ecies a e is i guis e y ei wa y su ace suc as tt p r s M r n s a Ol r p n l t . O e s a e a icu a y ick a g ossy o e u e Some a e a icu a y i a a s uce a icu a y Ar t t l rr t e makomako so a w e ea es o e a e e is a s a ow a e oug e ea es A o e ee s ecies e gaio is is i guis e y i s g a - o e ea es a owi g i - o e ig s o s M l t r fl r as sim e smoo i i g ea es u ese a e is i c i e w e ey a i su i i g o g as a ea ske e o
e e a e some 9 s ecies o C pr a u a o e Squa e wi a a ge a ge o ea si e a s a u e C pr s a e is i guis e y ows o i s a o g e e io e o e u e si e o e ea a s i u es a e ea ase e C pr ge us is e y im o a i e ew ea a o a ge e a y a ei is i guis i g c a ac e is ics cou e ig ig e
I A I CA I G O MS A cu ious ea u e o Ca e u y ege a io is e e y a ge a ge o i a ica i g a s e a u a ce o s u s wi i y ea es a wiggy e i e i e aci g a a g e a c e s e mes - ike o m a esu s is a ma o ea u e o oca ege a io w e e o es s u a ma s a o g ass a ( e e is e e o e s ecies a i io a y k ow as e "wi e- e i g us "
I ecog isi g o e ic i g ese is i c i e i a ica i g a s o e i i i ua ea u e a c e s wi ei ea es a e e is i guis i g ea u es - ei com i a io i o a mes - ike a e A oug o i e a io a o e a asci a io oca y ese i a ica i g s ecies a e o e o e ooke
Ma y o e i a ica i g s u s ecies a e i sec - o wi - o i a e a us o a e s owy owe s u a e a u a o e co ou u e ies o us e i s u i a s a e a so a ac e ( e u e y wi a a icu a e c a o ue e ies
o a is s a e u o wa wo mai sugges io s as o w y so ma y u e a e a s a e e o e is sma - ea e i e aci g o m O e i e o oug sees i as a e e si e mec a ism agai s owsi g y a ious moa ( e ma o owse s o is a io o s ee ca e a i s ee a ossums e o e is a
e i a ica i g o m is ue o c ima e wi e mass o i e a c e s a sma ea es o i i g a e y esi ie o m a mic o-c ima e A igo ous e a e as o g occu e
Ma y o e sma - ea e a g e- a c e s u s a e u e i e s ages o a u ees w ic e e o a ge ea es w e we a o e moa eig e e ca e a uge co as e wee e u e i e a e a u ea o ms e a cewoo is a e ce io w ic as a ge ea es w e u e i e a sma e o es w e a u As wi o e a ge- ea e d p n x s ei a ce-s a e ea es a e u ic y we - ecog ise a is i c i e o ew ea a
W i s e i a ica i g a s may a ea a e y some s ecies o e s a so e o g i e Squa e A ou 75 s ecies o e s occu a u a y oug ou g ea e C is c u c e o m e u e a si e o e i e e e s ecies a ies g ea y om a u u a i g ea e y s ick o ow e y smoo e ge o i i e i o u e s o ea e s e co as e wee us a ea y e s wi e y-s y e i a ica i g a s is a oca ea u e
IS I C I E EA U ES O A S E O GI G I E SQUA E
• i e se a ge o s ecies om g ou e e o a ees - i is a muc ic e o a a eo e imagi e • e omi a y owe i g a s a e a e s o oca s o co i e s is ayi g a wea o sma owe s a e ies • E o mous i e si y i ea si e a e u e om a ge a us o e y i e a a mos ea ess; om ick a ea e y o i a a s uce
• e mes - ike a e om e ma y i a ica i g s ecies o s u s a u e i e ees
e ages o eac s ecies i c u e o oco ies o awi gs o os a ac ua a s A u a u e i e o iage is o e i c u e ecause o e im o a ce o owe i g a s o us o iage u images o ei owe s a ui s a e a so i c u e e ai s a e o ee i c u e o a s ecies Mo e i o ma io i c u i g es s ecime s ca e o i e o a y s ecies i a w e equi e A so i o ma io ca e o i e o com i a io s a e a io s i s e wee s ecies
E E E CE ucas Associa es 199 Ind n E t f Ot t h Chr t h r h. S t 2. h C t l l n f l n d r d " o C is c u c -O au a i Age a 1 o um a e ag ey- e ymea a u woo - egasus Commu i y oa s C is c u c G A I G wi G EYWACKE
G eywacke e asis a sig a u e o Ca e u y om e s a agme s s a e e om e Waimaka i i mou ai a s um e a wo ou e o ui e ai s a mee e o ca o a O au a i C is c u c
Ou was ai s O e a a as o i o a su ace a I e ai a com e o e aces um s a o ows O e a a com e o a yi g massi g o g eywacke u i s Coa se o i e as ai ow y e wa e ways ic soi s o o y
G eywacke om ou e o si a s o e si e a so e S eams mea e i g cu i g a s e e e ui i g a eac e e Cu ma c e wi i Cu s o es oug aye s s ia io s o s o es e ica g eywacke cu s S ee aye e A i Ca e wi ege a io
G ey o g ey U i o m ye a ie ou ess e essi g e ou ey om e i s Mo i e y amic e i g a s o y o a e s
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Ecosys ems o ai s C is c u c ucas Associa es O AU A I C IS C U CE Indigenous Coastal Plains Ecosystems
KEY
KAFIIKATEA kereru, manatu, lush, older plains ecosystem
TOTARA bellbird, matai, older plains ecosystem
HOUHERE piwakawaka, kohuhu,
mid- age plains ecosystem
TI KOUKA kotare, kanuka, mid-age plains ecosystem
KOWHAJ[ pipit, mikimild, young plains ecosystem
TUSSOCK green skink, ti kouka, young plains ecosystem
PUKIIO pukeko, karamu, coastal peat plains ecosystem
AKEAKE riroriro, ngaio, old dune ecosystem
PINGAO kuaka, tauhinu, young dune ecosystem
0101 tuturiwhatu, marsh ribbonwood, estuarine ecosystem.
. , Associates 6 KEY
KA IKA EA ke e u a a a a as o e ai s ecosys em
O A A ei i i oa ka o e i ks ecosys em
OU E E
iw kawaka 9 ko u ai mi -age aE s ecosys em uKao uk co ka amiu ea a ai s ecosys em
U e yi g Ecosys ems e a y Ce e ucas Associa es OO o native birds s ow as = ui /see ; = ec a = u / o iage a I = I sec s TOTARA, = ui o Lizards A O E A CES bellbird, matai, o sunny, shady, moist, dry and windy conditions s ow as ■ = o e a es o ee s older plains ecosystem ❑ = i o e a = o e a o some = o ic o o e s
o e a ces PLANT LISTS Se ec e om ege a io a u a o ese mois & ee Kaia oi soi s
LARGE TREES oo g I Elaeocarpus dentatus hinau F,I ;1 1111 • Podocarpus totara totara ■ •• Prumnopitys taxifolia matai, black pine F,B,I • •• • ❑ TREES & TALL SHRUBS I Coprosma lucida shining karamu •• • • • Coprosma robusta karamu F •• • II • KI Cordyline australis ti kouka, cabbage tree F,N,1 • 1 -I• •• I Fuchsia excorticata kotukutuku, tree fuchsia ( eci uous • Griselinia littoralis kapuka, broadleaf F,N,13,1 E ••• I Hoheria angustifolia houhere, narrow-leaved lacebark F,1 • • •• Kunzea ericoides kanuka • E 1 Leptospermum scoparium manuka, tea tree NJ • • •• Lophomyrtus obcordata rohutu, NZ myrtle • •••• Pittosporum eugenioides tarata, lemonwood •• E MI Pittosporum tenuifolium kohuhu, black matipo F,I • •• • • I Plagianthus regius manatu, lowland ribbonwood ( eci uous F,I • ;III ; • Pseudopcmax crassifolius lancewood, horoeka F,N,13,1 1111;A • • I Sophora microphylla South Island kowhai F,I ■ ;A • SHRUBS Coprosma propinqua mikimiki, mingirningi F,I,L •• 11111• • I Coprosma virescens pale green coprosma F,L •••• • ri Hebe salicifolia koromiko ■ 111;1 ■ FI Leucopogon fasciculatus mikimiki F,I • ;-1 111 GROUNDCOVERS, etc. Acaena novae-zelandiae bidibidi, piripiri • CI • • I Anemanthele lessoniana bamboo grass, wind grass • • • • • Cortaderia richardii toetoe • ❑ •• •
I Phormium tenax harakeke, NZ flax • 111 1- • Phymatosorus pustulatus hounds tongue fern, maratata ;111 11;1 -F Pteridium esculentum brScken fern, rahurahu ■ 1111■ Ke.
k ci( ;
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0 Christchurch Otautahi Indigenous Ecosystems, uca Masa a o y 1997 o e Age a 1 Coa a oe uy 3 OO o native birds s ow as = ui /see ; = ec a B = u / o iage a I = I sec s L ui o Lizards A O E A CES o sunny, shady, moist, dry and windy conditions s ow as ■ = o e a es o ee s ❑ = i o e a 1/ = o e a o some
ADDITIONAL PLANTS FOR SHELTERED SITES:ES: TREES & TALL SHRUBS oo 9 Alectryon excelsus titoki F 'Aristotelia serrata makomako, wineberry (semi-deciduous) I 51 Coprosma areolata thin-leaved coprosma I Coprosma narrow-leaved coprosma, yellow-wood I Coprosma rhamnoides red-fruited mikimiki I I Coprosma rubra red-stemmed karamu I Cyathodes juniperina prickly mikimiki Melicope simplex poataniwha I I Melicytus ramiflorus mahoe, whiteywood I Myoporum laetum ngaio I Myrsine australis mapou, red mapou I Pennantia corymbosa kaikomako (slow growing) I I Pseudopanax anomalus shrub pseudopanax FI Pseudopanax arboreus fivefinger, whauwhaupaku I I Streblus heterophyllus turepo, small-leaved milk tree (slow) GROUNDCOVERS Asplenium aff. trichomanes spleenwort I Astelia fragrans bush flax, kakaha I Blechnum penna-marina kiokio, small hardfem Hypolepis ambigua rough pig fern Libertia ixioides NZ iris, mikoikoi FI Microlaena polynoda a rice grass I Microlaena stipoides a rice grass -F Pellaea rotundifolia button fern Polystichum richardii; P. vestitum shield ferns; pikopiko; puniu Uncinia uncinata watau, hook sedge
U e aye s A e a i g si sa & c ay o g eywacke i e s o es ( -1 mm ou e
• = o es a is o ec om os ; = o ic o o e s
C Christchurch Otautahi Indigenous Ecosystems, ucas Associa es u y 1997 f r th Age a 1 Commi ee O o 3 OO o native birds s ow as = ui /see ; = ec a = u / o iage a I = I sec s HOUHERE, = ui o Lizards A O E A CES piwakawaka, kohuhu, o sunny, shady, moist, thy and windy conditions s ow as mid age plains system ■ = o e a es o ee s ❑ = i o e a = o e a o some o ic o o e s
PLANT LISTS Selected from vegetation natural to these moist & deep Waimakariri soils Tolerances
FOR OPEN SITES: LARGE TREES Food 13 Podocarpus totara totara I • • • • •
. Prumnopitys taxifolia matai, black pine F,B,I ■ ■ ■
TREES & SHRUBS Coprosma robusta karamu F ■■■■■ FI Cordyline australis ti kouka, cabbage tree F,N,I ■ 3 1 • • • Grisehnia littoralis kapuka, broadleaf F,N,B,I • • • ;Al Fi Hoheria angustifoha houhere, narrow-leaved lacebark F,I n❑nnn Kunzea ericoides kanuka N,I n❑nnn PI Leptospermum scoparium manuka, tea tree I n❑nnn E Olearia pcmiculata akiraho, golden akeake n❑❑nn • Pittosporum tenuifohum kohuhu, black matipo I ■■■■■ • Pseudopanax crassifolius lancewood, horoeka I ■ 31 ■ ■ ■ I Sophora microphylla South Island kowhai F,I ■ -1;1■■ SHRUBS FI Coprosma crassifoha thick-leaved mikimiki F,N,L ■ ■ ■ FI Coprosma propinqua mikimiki, mingimingi I ■■■■■ F I Coprosma rubra red-stemmed coprosma 11;IM • FI Coprosma virescens pale green coprosma ■■■■■ F1 Cyathodes jurnperina prickly mikimiki F,I ■ ■■ Helichrysum lanceolatum niniao i Leucopogon fasciculatus mikimiki I Muehlenbeckia astonii shrub pohuehue • ❑ ii• Fl Teucridium parvifohum NZ shrub verbena
K e LA • Fockoc-atr2 Ft tow e(n. -ie; oy
© C is c u c O au a i I ige ous Ecosys ems, I s A o ises, u y 1997 i e Age a 1 Commi ee O so 3 OO o native birds s ow as = ui isee ; = ec a ; = u / o iage a I = I sec s = ui o Lizards A O E A CES o sunny, shady, moist, dry and windy conditions s ow as ■ = o e a es o ee s ❑ = i o e a = o e a o some
o e a ces ADDITIONAL PLANTS FOR SHELTERED SITES: TREES & SHRUBS oo I - g Fl Dodonaea viscosa akeake ( o ec om os n ❑ ❑ n n Lophomyrtus obcordata rohutu, NZ myrtle F ••••• FI Pittosporum eugenioides tarata, lemonwood F ■ ■ ■ ❑ F I l nth regius manatu, lowland ribbonwood (deciduous) I ■ ■ ■ 6 Pseudopanax arboreus fivefinger, whauwhaupaku I ■ •
GROUNDCOVERS Anemanthele lessoniana bamboo grass, wind grass I Dichondra repens dichondra Fl Leucopogon fraseri patototara, a dwarf heath Microlaena polynoda rice grass, native bamboo Microlaena stipoides meadow rice grass
U e aye s: A e a i g si & sa (mi o c ay o g eywacke i e s o es (2 00mm ou e o sa o mo e s o es.
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