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INDEX SYMBOLS aclocal utility, 23–24, 150 AC_MSG_* macros, 131 *_LIBADD variables, 190 AC_OUTPUT macro, 141–142 @ (at sign), 53 AC_PREREQ macro, 100 \ (backslash), 43 AC_PROG_CC macro, 116–117 ` (backticks), 288 AC_PROG_YACC, 118 : (colon character), 40 AC_SEARCH_LIBS macro, 81, 125, 386 - (dash character), 53 AC_SUBST macro, 114–115 $ (dollar sign), 41 action-if-not-given argument, 134 $? variable, 46 AC_TYPE_UINT16_T, 140 $% variable, 46 --add-missing option, 97 $* variable, 46 addresses, 324 $@ variable, 46 aix-soname=aix|svr4|both option, 192 $< variable, 46 aliases, 518 ! (exclamation mark) modifier, 317 alternatives scripts, 71 ; (semicolon character), 40, 42 AM_CONDITIONAL macro, 380–381, 398 American Standard Code for A Information Interchange (ASCII), 309–311 ABI (application binary interface), 210 American Standards Association absolute addresses, 200–201, 214 (ASA), 309 ac-archive project, 411–412, 528 AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE macro, 148, 150, 356, AC_ARG_ENABLE macro, 133–135, 386 374, 486 AC_ARG_VAR macro, 396 AM_MAINTAINER_MODE macro, 173 AC_ARG_WITH macro, 133–134 AM_PROG_AR macro, 376 AC_CANONICAL_HOST macro, 412 a.out scheme, 210 AC_CANONICAL_TARGET macro, 412 Apple platforms, 15–16 AC_CHECK_HEADERS macro, 127–128 application binary interface (ABI), 210 AC_CHECK_LIB, 386 apt, 461 AC_CHECK_PROG, 119 ar utility, 168, 206 AC_CONFIG_FILES macro, 87, 90, 102, architectures, 517 104, 242 archives, 166 AC_CONFIG_HEADERS macro, 102–103, 107–110 arguments AC_CONFIG_LINKS macro, 102 action-if-not-given argument, 134 AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR macro, 486 bug report argument, 100 AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIRS macro, 375, 486 commands argument, 104 AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR macro, 101–102 condition argument, 381–382 AC_CONFIG_SUBDIRS macro, 373 init-cmds argument, 106 AC_CONFIG_TESTDIR macro, 241–242 package argument, 100 AC_DEFINE macro, 115 tag argument, 106 AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED macro, 115 url argument, 101 AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT, 140–141 value argument, 115 AC_INIT macro, 100–101, 508–510 version argument, 101 AC_LANG_CALL macro, 514–515 ASCII table, 309–311 B AS_HELP_STRING macro, 138 backslash (\), 43 async-exec, 134–137 backticks (`), 288 asynchronous processing, 133 base64 module, 358–362 at sign (@), 53 basenames, 125 AT_CHECK macro, 250 binding, 183–184 AT_CLEANUP macro, 251 Boehne, Robert, 180 AT_SETUP macro, 251 bootstrap.sh script, 97–99 Autoconf Bourne shell, 19, 452 building, 4–7 bug report argument, 100 configuration scripts, 80–82 build dependency issues, 272 downloading, 2 build systems, installation process initialization macros, 100–111 of, 9–11 input file, 82 BUILT_SOURCES variable, 529–530 installing, 9–11 byte streams, 91 missing files, 98 overview, 14, 18–19, 79–80 .pc files, 282–286 C primary macros, 114–119 C, public interfaces, 501–502 running, 84 C compilers, 116–117, 138–141 testing, 7–9 C locale, 308 unpacking, 3–4 C99 standard, 139, 301 versions of, 96 Canadian cross, 517 autoconfiscating, 88 C_CONFIG_COMMANDS macro, 103–105 autogen.sh script, 97–99 CFLAGS variable, 72 autoheader utility, 19–22, 108–111 ChangeLog files, 147 autom4te utility, 21–22 check prefix, 157 AUTOM4TE variable, 243 check programs, 393 autom4te.cache directory, 84 check target, 7–8, 55–56 Automake check-news option, 148 building, 147–151, 154–162 chunk markers, 254 distribution of, 171–172 .class files, 409–410 maintainer mode, 172–173 --clean command, 266–267 noise and, 173 –175 clean interfaces, 499–505 nonrecursive, 175 –177 CLEANFILES variable, 404–405, 417–418 overview, 14, 145–146 CMake, 14 primaries, 158–160 Cocoa user interface, 15–16 purpose of, 22–24 colon (:) character, 40 automatic variables, 46 commands argument, 104 autopoint, 348 committing files, 348–349 autoreconf utility, 19–22, 84 common make rules, 44 autoscan utility, 20, 95–99 Common Object File Format (COFF) Autotest system, 182 overview, 238–241 compilation, 517–523 wiring up, 241–248 compile script, 150 AUTOTEST variable, 243 compilers, checking for, 116–117 autoupdate utility, 20, 97 condition argument, 381–382 awk expressions, 90–91 config.cache, 28 AX_PREFIX_CONFIG_H macro, 505 config.log, 27–28, 85 AX_PTHREAD, 384–385 config.site, 28 542 Index config.status, 85–87 dependency chains, 40–41, 44 configuration scripts, 77–78 dependency rules, 46–47, 151–153, configure 530–533 failure, 6 description parameter, 115 output, 5–7 DESTDIR variable, 68–69, 351 --prefix option, 10 directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), 40–41 purpose of, 18 directives, 51 remote build functionality, 28–29 dirname parameter, 328 running, 26–29, 85–86 --disable-async-exec, 137–138 configure.ac file, 82, 84, 90–91, 287–290 disable-fast-install option, 192–193 configure.scan file, 116 disable-shared option, 186, 193 convenience libraries, 164–169, 204–206 disable-static option, 193 --copy option, 97 display.h, 46–47 COPYING files, 150 dist target, 51, 54 C++, 502–505 dist-bzip2 option, 148 CPPFLAGS variable, 48, 72 distcheck target, 54–55, 99 C-preprocessor (CPP) macros, 82–83, distdir, 52, 99 108, 115 dist-lzip option, 148 crashes, 183–184, 200–201, 362 distribution archives CreateProcess, 463 clean, 510–511 cross-compilation, 517–523 contents, 171–172 cross-to-native builds, 517 vs. GitHub tarballs, 2 C# native language, 398, 418–422 dist-shar option, 148 curl libraries, 212 DIST_SUBDIRS variable, 505 currency attributes, 301, 316–317 dist-tarZ option, 148 Cygwin, 354, 452, 462–477 dist-xz option, 148 dist-zip option, 148 D DLLs (dynamic link libraries), 182, 214–215 dash character (-), 53 dlopen option, 192 data flow diagrams dollar sign ($), 41 aclocal utility, 24 domainname parameter, 328 Autoconf, 27 dot-rules, 51 autoheader utility, 27 doxyfile, 427, 506–507 Automake, 26 Doxygen, 369, 396, 424–426 compile and link processes, 44 DOXYGEN variable, 380, 382 configure, 27 Draheim, Guido, 528 Libtool, 26 DRY principle, 194 make, 29 dual-mode builds, 128, 520–521 overview, 21–22 Duret-Lutz, Alexandre, 146 DATA primaries, 159, 527–528 dynamic link libraries (DLLs), 182, datadir, 332 214–215 debug variable, 387 dynamic loader functionality, 110–111 debugging Gnulib, 364 macros, 83, 449–450 E _DEBUG_START_ and _DEBUG_END_ strings, Eclipse, 181 120–122 --enable-async-exec, 137–138 declarative language, 40 --enable-debug option, 387 @DEFS@, 128–129 --enable-shared option, 193 Demaille, Akim, 146 --enable-static option, 193 depcomp script, 150 end user’s systems, 17–18 Index 543 English language, 293–294 GNU Autoconf Manual, 97, 118, 238, exclamation mark (!) modifier, 317 517–518 extension targets, 505–508 GNU Automake Manual, 23–24 external reference tables, 182 GNU C Library manual, 298, 328 external versioning, 210 GNU Coding Standards (GCS), 64, 67, EXTRA prefix, 157 77, 85 EXTRA_DIST variable, 171 GNU Compiler for Java (gcj), 408 EXTRA_PROGRAMS variable, 157–158 GNU gettext Utilities Manual, 339 GNU Libtool Manual, 186 F gnu option, 148 GNU Portability Library (Gnulib), factory function, 503–504 353–354, 528 fallback message catalogs, 338 GNU project, INSTALL files, 5 file extensions, source archives, 3 gnulib-tool utility Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), 63 adding functionality, 355–364 Fink, 16 overview, 353–355 FLAIM (FLexible Adaptable _GNU_SOURCE, 321–322 Information Management) GPLv3+, 354 analyzing, 370–372 grouping field, 301 logistics, 369–370 gunzip program, 4 overview, 368–369 subprojects, 378–394 toolkit library and utilities, 372–376 H xflaim, 394–405 handles, 185 FLM_DEBUG, 387 header files FORCE, 52–53 public, 500 foreign option, 148 templates, 107–108 Free Software Foundation (FSF), HEADERS primary, 159–160 36 –37, 79 heap manager, 183 freedesktop.org project, 272 help strings, 137–138 Friesenhahn, Bob, 180 -hook targets, 389–390 FTKINC, 372, 397 HP-UX/AT&T SVR4 library FTKLIB, 372, 397 versioning, 215 G I generated source code, 529–536 i18n. See internationalization gettext IBM AIX library versioning, 212–213 library, 326–327 identification information, 325 localization, 339–351 ifnames program, 21 manual, 295 implicit rules, 47–49 message catalogs, 334–339 include directives, 112 git clean, 146 include directories, 189–192 git repositories, 358 init-cmds argument, 106 GitHub tarballs, vs. distribution INSTALL files, 5, 150 archives, 2 install utility, 117–118 global functions, 511 installation, 56–62, 529 gnits option, 148 installation directory variables, 65–66 gnome-config script, 272 installation location prefixes, 156 GNU Autoconf Archive, 411, 412 install-sh script, 98, 150 integration testing, 257–260 544 Index interfaces LC_COLLATE, 297, 309–314 designing, 499–505 LC_CTYPE, 297, 314–315 plug-in, 181, 221–223 LC_IDENTIFICATION, 325 versioning, 209 LC_MEASUREMENT, 325 internal versioning, 210 LC_MESSAGES, 324, 333 International Components for Unicode LC_MONETARY, 297 (ICU), 315 LC_NAME, 324 internationalization LC_NUMERIC, 297 dynamic messages, 296–325 LC_PAPER, 324 overview, 295–296 LC_TELEPHONE, 324 static messages, 325–329 LC_TIME, 297 intN_t definitions, 139–140 LD_PRELOAD variable, 182–183 -Ipath directives, 112 leading control characters, 53–54 iteration, 450 Lerdorf, Rasmus, 293 LGPLv2+ and LGPLv3+, 354 *_LIBADD variables, 190 J libcrypto.pc files, 289–290 Java libraries Autotools support for, 17, 408–411 building, 169–171 Eclipse and, 181 checking for, 123–125 Java native interface (JNI), 398, 411, convenience libraries, 164–169 415–417 LIBRARIES primary, 158 JAVA primary, 159, 418 library versioning, 216–220 Java virtual machine (JVM), 17, 408 library_LIBADD variable, 168 Jupiter project library-specific macros, 516 adding functionality, 87–90 @LIBS@ substitution variable, 125–126