Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution

Eng. Yossi Shmaya – District Manager

International Seminar “Water & Effluent Reuse” Sao Paulo, Brazil, March 19, 2013

The Mekorot Group

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Mekorot – Facts and Figures

Revenue Supplies 80% of 1,200 Water $1 billion per annum in well drillings

Investments Supplies 70% of total 3,000 Facilities $350 million per annum water consumption

Employees Reuses 60% of Israel’s 12,000 km of 2,400 treated wastewater water lines

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Mekorot Supplies 70% of all Water in Israel

Brackish Desalinated Effluents 12% 16% 22%

50% Fresh Water: & Aquifers

1.5 Billion m3 water per year

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Mekorot – A One Stop Shop

Water Quality

Water Treatment

Water Command Security & Control

Rain Operational Enhancement Models

Wastewater Hydrology Treatment & & Drillings Flood Reclamation Catchment

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution From Vision to Reality

“In order to be a realist in Israel, one needs to believe in miracles” - David Ben Gurion, Israel’s first Prime Minister

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution The First Innovative Solution

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 1. The Arava Region

 A desert and arid region

 Remote and disconnected from national water systems

 Low water quality requires complex water treatment

The national water carrier

65% of Israel’s vegetable export comes from the Arava

Arava Region

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution The Region

30% of Israel’s agricultural crops are grown in the Negev Region (desert area) using effluents

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 2. Desalination – The Water Revolution in Israel

2014

75% 2010

30% 2004

The National 3% Water Carrier

In 2014, 75% of the drinking water will be from desalination facilities

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 3. Water Loss Mitigation

Average Water Loss:

Developing countries 35%

Developed countries 15%

Israel 10%

Mekorot 3%

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 4. Energy Saving & Efficiency

Mekorot has reduced its electricity costs by 1.5% in each of the past 20 years by:

 Reducing energy loss in water transmission systems

 Using advanced command and control systems and operational models

 Integrating renewable energy technologies

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 5. Effluent Reclamation in Israel for Agriculture and Irrigation

The goal is to reach 90%

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90%

80% 80% 80% 80% 80% 80% 80%

70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70%

60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% Annual Total: 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 3 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 400 M

20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 15% 20% 5% 8% 9% 10% >1% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

W.Europe Greece Italy Australia Spain Israel

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Effluent Reclamation in Israel

 95% of Israel’s wastewater is connected to main sewers

 91% are treated (mainly by activated sludge)

 80% of the treated wastewater (effluents) are reused for agriculture

 60% of the wastewater is treated and supplied by Mekorot Mekorot treats the wastewater at various levels of quality:

Secondary 32 Tertiary 170 40

Reclaimed Above Water Tertiary (above tertiary) Annual Total: “Third Line”by SAT to the(“Shafdan Negev”) ( Shafdan) 242 M3

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution The “Shafdan” Plant & “Third Line” Supply System

“Third Line” to the Negev  Largest wastewater treatment plant in Israel

 Treats wastewater from the center of Israel

 Supplies 170 million m3 per year for unrestricted irrigation

 Uses Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT )

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution SAT – Soil Aquifer Treatment

Recovery Recharge Recovery Well Basin Well

Infiltration of effluents Unsaturated zone through underground layers

Saturated zone

Zone dedicated to effluent treatment & storage

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 50% Increase in Effluent Supply by 2030

50% 685

450

2010 2030

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Mekorot’s Vision: National Effluent Carrier

The Vision: High operational Existing National Flow of flexibility situation Effluent effluent Carrier excess Protected water to the sea sources

Energy saving

Optimal supply between regions

Integrative management

Capex & Opex saving

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Reclaimed Water Desalination

In order to achieve 90% reclamation, Mekorot has invested in the R&D of innovative technologies for desalinating secondary effluents

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution The “Yarkon” River Rehabilitation Project

Wastewater treatment plants

Wetland

Sea

Agriculture Park Irrigation Irrigation

Membrane Treatment

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Worldwide Activities

Romania Azerbaijan Russia Srpska

USA Moldova Ghana Israel China Uganda Mexico South Sudan

Argentina

Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution