Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution
Eng. Yossi Shmaya – District Manager
International Seminar “Water & Effluent Reuse” Sao Paulo, Brazil, March 19, 2013
The Mekorot Group
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Mekorot – Facts and Figures
Revenue Supplies 80% of 1,200 Water $1 billion per annum drinking water in Israel well drillings
Investments Supplies 70% of total 3,000 Facilities $350 million per annum water consumption
Employees Reuses 60% of Israel’s 12,000 km of 2,400 treated wastewater water lines
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Mekorot Supplies 70% of all Water in Israel
Brackish Desalinated Effluents 12% 16% 22%
50% Fresh Water: Sea of Galilee & Aquifers
1.5 Billion m3 water per year
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Mekorot – A One Stop Shop
Water Desalination Quality
Water Water Supply Treatment
Water Command Security & Control
Rain Operational Enhancement Models
Wastewater Hydrology Treatment & & Drillings Flood Reclamation Catchment
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution From Vision to Reality
“In order to be a realist in Israel, one needs to believe in miracles” - David Ben Gurion, Israel’s first Prime Minister
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution The First Innovative Solution
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 1. The Arava Region
A desert and arid region
Remote and disconnected from national water systems
Low water quality requires complex water treatment
The national water carrier
65% of Israel’s vegetable export comes from the Arava
Arava Region
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution The Negev Region
30% of Israel’s agricultural crops are grown in the Negev Region (desert area) using effluents
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 2. Desalination – The Water Revolution in Israel
2014
75% 2010
30% 2004
The National 3% Water Carrier
In 2014, 75% of the drinking water will be from desalination facilities
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 3. Water Loss Mitigation
Average Water Loss:
Developing countries 35%
Developed countries 15%
Israel 10%
Mekorot 3%
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 4. Energy Saving & Efficiency
Mekorot has reduced its electricity costs by 1.5% in each of the past 20 years by:
Reducing energy loss in water transmission systems
Using advanced command and control systems and operational models
Integrating renewable energy technologies
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 5. Effluent Reclamation in Israel for Agriculture and Irrigation
The goal is to reach 90%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90%
80% 80% 80% 80% 80% 80% 80%
70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70%
60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% Annual Total: 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 3 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 400 M
20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 15% 20% 5% 8% 9% 10% >1% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
W.Europe Greece Italy Australia Spain Israel
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Effluent Reclamation in Israel
95% of Israel’s wastewater is connected to main sewers
91% are treated (mainly by activated sludge)
80% of the treated wastewater (effluents) are reused for agriculture
60% of the wastewater is treated and supplied by Mekorot Mekorot treats the wastewater at various levels of quality:
Secondary 32 Tertiary 170 40
Reclaimed Above Water Tertiary (above tertiary) Annual Total: “Third Line”by SAT to the(“Shafdan Negev”) ( Shafdan) 242 M3
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution The “Shafdan” Plant & “Third Line” Supply System
“Third Line” to the Negev Largest wastewater treatment plant in Israel
Treats wastewater from the center of Israel
Supplies 170 million m3 per year for unrestricted irrigation
Uses Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT )
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution SAT – Soil Aquifer Treatment
Recovery Recharge Recovery Well Basin Well
Infiltration of effluents Unsaturated zone through underground layers
Saturated zone
Zone dedicated to effluent treatment & storage
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution 50% Increase in Effluent Supply by 2030
50% 685
450
2010 2030
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Mekorot’s Vision: National Effluent Carrier
The Vision: High operational Existing National Flow of flexibility situation Effluent effluent Carrier excess Protected water to the sea sources
Energy saving
Optimal supply between regions
Integrative management
Capex & Opex saving
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Reclaimed Water Desalination
In order to achieve 90% reclamation, Mekorot has invested in the R&D of innovative technologies for desalinating secondary effluents
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution The “Yarkon” River Rehabilitation Project
Wastewater treatment plants
Wetland
Sea
Agriculture Park Irrigation Irrigation
Membrane Treatment
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution Worldwide Activities
Romania Azerbaijan Russia Srpska
USA Moldova Cyprus Ghana Israel China India Uganda Mexico South Sudan
Argentina
Effluent Reclamation as a Sustainable Solution