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A Gazetteer of New Hampshire, Containing Descriptions of All the Counties, Towns, and Districts in the State; Also of Its Princi

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A Gazetteer of New Hampshire, Containing Descriptions of All the Counties, Towns, and Districts in the State; Also of Its Princi ^-s---.-.. \^< k. GAZETTEER OF NEW HAMPSHIRE, CONTAINING DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE COUNTIES, TOWNS, AND DISTRICTS IN THE STATE; ALSO, OF ITS PRINCIPAi MOUNTAINS. RIVERS. WATERFALLS. HARBORS. ISLANDS. AND FASHIONABLE RESORTS. TO 'WHICH ARE ADDED, STATISTICAL ACCOUNTS OF ITS AGRICULTURE, COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURES; WITH A GREAT VARIETY OF OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION. BY JOHN HAYWARD, Author of " The New England G-azetteer," "Book of Religions," &c. BOSTON: PUBLISHED BY JOHN P. JEWETT, 2 3 CORN HILL. 1849. heeVred Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1849, by JOHN IIAYWARD, In the Clerk's Office of the District Couit of Massachusetts. NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBP.ARY Tilden^ Astor, Lenc-.< and 3^/^/ Foundations. 1896 A X D V E R : J. D. FLAGG AND AV. H. WARDWELL, BTEREOTYPERS AND PRINTERS. 4 9 ? S* PREFACE The unparalleled growth of New England in all its paiis and in all its various agricultural, manufacturing and commercial relations, together with its rapid progress in effecting a safe and speedy in- ter-communication with all parts of the United States and the neigh- boring British Provinces, is deemed by the editor a sufficient apol- ogy for presenting to the public a new Gazetteer of any section of that favored land. Our only fear is, that the car of improvement is so rapid that the most 'assiduous industry on our part will not enable us to keep pace with its motion. We have, however, put in requisition all our resources, and having done all we could to render our work worthy of patronage, we shall rely with confidence, as we have hitherto done, on the candor of a generous pubHc. We have adopted a new arrangement in our work which, it is thought, will be found more convenient for reference than any in our former pubUcations of the kind. After a brief geographical description, biographical sketches, etc., are given the Boundaries of the towns under a distinct head ;—the First Settlers and First Mln isters come next, and are seen at a glance ; then are given the Man- ufactures in the towns when practicable ; and then some of the most important Productions of the Soil. The jyistances come last, though not the least important item to the traveller. We have generally been able to give the first ministers of each town down to eighteen hundred. A more extended account of the clergy could not well be given in this volume. The accounts of the manufactures are necessarily limited, but the value of the manufac- turing establishments will be found in the tables. The amount of the productions of the soil, as given under most of the towns, was taken from an account published a few years since. They consist of only a few of the most important articles of production, but suffi- 4 PREFACE. , cient to indicate the quality of the soil and state of agricultural im- provements. Our readers will find the Tables of population and cuuiity and town Tables to contain a grcnt variety of statistical information of con- siderable interest; particularly for comparing one section of the State with another. To our numerous friends who have assisted us in our labors, especially to the Hon. Thomas P. Treadwell, Secretary of State, for important documents ; to the Rev. William Jenks, D. D., for his learned and interesting Litroduction to this volume ; and to the Rev. William Cogswell, D. D., for his able account of the schools in New Hampshire, we tender our heartfelt acknowledgments. We are much indebted to the kindness of G. Parker Lyon, Esq., for the use of his valuable register of the State. From the works of the lamented John Farmer, Esq., and of Ja- cob B. Moore, Esq., we have drawn much treasure ; and our read- ers will doubtless regret that the limits of our work would not permit more copious extracts from Dr. Charles T. Jackson's invaluable Re- port of the Geology of the State. INDEX Page. I Curious Rocks, 55, 128 Academies, . 18,68,106,115 Defence of N. Hampshire, Note 27. Academy of Arts and Sciences, 20 Defence of the North, Note 23. Agricultural Products—See De- Description cff Counties and scriptions of Towns. Towns, . .27, &c. Ancient Customs, Note 1. Distances from Boston, . 154 Records, . 192 Distances of Towns from the capi- School Laws, . 17, 18 tal of the State, and from their Superstitions, Note 6. shire Towns — See Descriptions. Area of State in square miles, 154 Dixville Notch, 59 Avalanches, or Slides, 90, 127, 166 Dun Fish, .... 108 Banks 190 Early Traits of :N. England Char- for Savintrs, 190 acter, Note 18. Battle Ship, first built in America, 117 Education, early, 15 Bays and Harbors, . 179 Elevated Pond, 134 Bear Story, Note 21. Factories, &c.. Value of, . 155 Belknap, Jeremy, Dr., 23 Finances of the State, 26 Boar's Head, .... 77 First Ministers—See Descriptions. Bold Defence, Note 20. First Settlers of the State, 25 Boundaries of State, 25 Floating Islands, . 31 ,36 of Towns—See Towns Flood, Great, . 55 Brave Girl, Note 6. Flumes, .... 71, 166 Breach of Faith, Note 6 Friendship between States, 13 Canals, 188 Good shot, a, . 57 Canine attachment, Note 13. Government, .... 25 Cannon heard afar off. Note 10. Grants of Land in Coos County 183 Cattle, number of, . 155 Harbors and Bays, . 179 Cherish New England, Note 26. Heights of Mountains, . 168 Child killed by a Bear, Note 15. Historical Society, . 20 . 155 Clergy, early, eminent, . 16 Horses, number of, Climate, .... 185 Incorporation of Counties, 147 College, Dartmouth, 19 of Towns, 153 Commerce and Navigation, 168 Indian Captives, 107, 125, 128, Compliment to N. England, Note 24. 143, Note 4, Note 11. Congressional Districts, . 219 Indian Depredations, 28, 36, 46, Constitution of the State, 199—218 53, 54, 61, 64, 78, 86. 98, 103, 135, 143, Jorn, great crop of, . 178 106, 121. 125, 128, 145, Note 16. Council Districts, . 218 Counties and Towns, Description Indian leap and curse, . 112 of, 27, &c. Relics, 33, 50, 83, 85, 87, 126, 135 County Tables, .• . 153, &c. 101,115, Courts—See Counties. Indian Sorcerer, Note 6. Curious Caves, and other Places, Tradition, . 162 30, 32, 33, 39, 49, 51, 58, 60, 64, Wit and Kindness, Note 3. 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 90, 105, Indians in N. Hampshire, earliest 110, 120, 124, 125, 128 known, Note 6. 1# — '1 INDEX. Insolence of a royal minion, Note 14. Population, Classification of . 153 ViUages, 182 Insurance Companies, . 189 Post ... Insurrection in N. Hampshire, Note 7. Productions of the Soil—See De- scrijAioiis Towns. Introduction, . 7 of Inventory of State Property, 156 Proportion of Taxes, . 155 of Town Property, 156 Public Buildings, . 190 Islands, 179 Institutions, . 191 Island Farm, .... 178 Railroads, . 187 Judiciary, .... 26 Rebellion in N. Hampshire, Note 7. Iving Philip, death of, Note 6. Religious Denominations, . 21 Preservation, Note 2. Lakes and Ponds, . 176 &c. Remarkable Land, .500 acres for a wheel-bar- Rivers, .... 169, &c. row, Note 9. Rogers' Rangers, Note 19. Large Family, 121 Rumford, Count, Note 8. 87 Latitude of County Towns, . 154 Sagacity of a Dog, Lead Mine, .... 128 Salaries of State Officers, 26 Leghorn Bonnets, first made. 28 Scarcity of Food, . 103 Light Houses, 192 Scenery in New Hampshire, 181 Longevity, 36, 138 Scenery, Mountain, Note 22. Lovewell, John, 138 Schools, .... 17, &c. Maid's Tree, Note 17. Senatorial Districts, 218 Militia, .... 188 Shaker Farming, . 41 Manufactories, &c., value of, 155 Villages, 40 61,66 Manufactures See Towns. Sheep, number of, . 155 Maple sugar, making of. 42 Singular Disease of Cattle, 27 Medical School, 19 Stream, 105 Society, 20 Spring of Water, new formed. Note 1 2. Mills. &c., value of. 155, &c. Stark, General, . 90, 123, 130 Minerals, 32, 33, 35, 37, 47 49, State Tax, Proportion of, . 155 50, 65, 67, 74, 79, 80, 110, Statistical Tables, ... 147 128 Succession of Governors, . 25 Mineral Springs, 30, 55, 58, 72, Superstitious Notions, Note 6. 76, 85, 89, 91, 101, 146 Tax, Proportion of, . 156 Modest Office Seeker, . 132 Temperature, .... 66 Mountains and Hills, . 161, &c. Theological Institutions, 20, 106 Mountain Scenery, Note 22. Tornadoes, . 107, 139 Navy Yard, . 117 To^^•ns and Counties, Description of, 27 Northern Laborers, Note 23. number of, 154 Notch of the White Mountains, 166 Township of Land for an Ox, 106 Notes, 223 Town School Laws, early, 17 Number of Towns in the State, 154 Tables, . 156 Observance of the Sabbath, Note 5. Value of Lands, 155, 156 Old Man of the Mountain, . 70 Volcanic Eruption, 49 Names of Towns, . 1 84 Votes for Governor, 220 Ordination, first, at Concord, Note 3. Watcrf\ills, 179 Outlines of New Hampshire, . 1 85 Weather, cold. 71 Peat Land, value of, . 41 Weighing with the foot. 98 Poetry on New England, Note 25. White Mountains, . 22 Polls,' number of, . 155,156 Willey Family, death of. 167 Population Tables, . 147 Wonderful preservation, Note 2 NEW HAMPSHIRE. It is generally conceded, that the inhabitants of the New England States, as a body, exhibit some peculiar characteristics, -when compared ynih. those who dwell in other sections of our widely extended and diversified Union. And it is known that the varied faca of the country, and hence the local facili- ties for different occui)ations, together with the history of different settlements, have all tended to produce diversities of character, habits, and employments. To these considerations must be added the different views and pursuits of the original settlers, the object of settlement being by no means the same in aU the Colonies. Now it is not pretended, that the first Europeans who colonized within the bounds of New Hampshire were, like those at Ph-mouth, seeking an asylum from persecution for their religion.
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