MI NOMBRE ES VICTORIA Advertencia: Algunos De Los Nombres De Las Personas Que Figuran En Esta Historia Han Sido Cambiados Para Proteger Su Privacidad

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MI NOMBRE ES VICTORIA Advertencia: Algunos De Los Nombres De Las Personas Que Figuran En Esta Historia Han Sido Cambiados Para Proteger Su Privacidad MI NOMBRE ES VICTORIA Advertencia: Algunos de los nombres de las personas que figuran en esta historia han sido cambiados para proteger su privacidad. Aunque no todos. VICTORIA DONDA MI NOMBRE ES VICTORIA EDITORIAL SUDAMERICANA BUENOS AIRES Donda, Victoria Mi nombre es Victoria. - 1a ed. - Buenos Aires : Sudamericana, 2009. 256 p. ; 23x16 cm. - (Biografías y testimonios) ISBN 978-950-07-3067-9 1. Autobiografía. 2. Testimonios. I. Título CDD 920 Todos los derechos reservados. Esta publicación no puede ser reproducida, ni en todo ni en parte, ni registrada en, o transmitida por, un sistema de recuperación de información, en ninguna forma ni por ningún medio, sea mecánico, fotoquímico, electrónico, magnético, electroóptico, por fotocopia o cualquier otro, sin permiso previo por escrito de la editorial. IMPRESO EN LA ARGENTINA Queda hecho el depósito que previene la ley 11.723. © 2009, Editorial Sudamericana S.A.® Humberto I 531, Buenos Aires. © Éditions Robert Laffont, Paris 2009. www.rhm.com.ar ISBN 978-950-07-3067-9 Esta edición de 4.000 ejemplares se terminó de imprimir en Printing Books S.A., Mario Bravo 835, Avellaneda, Buenos Aires, en el mes de mayo de 2009. ANALÍA a primera vez que las chicas de H.I.J.O.S. se acercaron a ella L fue a finales del 2002, cuando Analía y otras personas de su agrupación vivían en uno de los tantos bancos que habían cerra- do tras la crisis del 2001. Allí habían establecido un centro cul- tural y de asesoría jurídica para los vecinos del barrio de Avella- neda, en el que se encontraba el edificio. Aquella vez necesitaban obtener algunas fotos de Analía para compararlas con las de quie- nes sospechaban que podrían ser sus padres. María y Laura esta- ban a cargo de la misión; debían acercarse al banco y tratar de conseguir algunas imágenes, aunque fuese desde cierta distancia. El problema: no sabían cómo era Analía, nunca antes la habían visto. María se arrimó a un hombre que impartía instrucciones a un grupo de jóvenes acerca de cómo comportarse en caso de que llega- ra la policía a desalojarlos. —Disculpame —le dijo acercándose tímidamente—, estamos buscando a Analía. ¿Sabés dónde podemos encontrarla? El hombre, que parecía no haber notado su presencia hasta en- tonces, la miró un segundo sorprendido antes de contestarle: 7 —Sí, claro, está allá al fondo —dijo señalando un lugar inde- terminado al tiempo que gritaba—: ¡Analía! ¡Vení, estas chicas te buscan! Laura y María no tuvieron ni siquiera tiempo de reaccionar. Desenmascaradas incluso antes de poder saber quién era la perso- na que buscaban, ambas miraron en la dirección del grupo de gen- te al que se habían lanzado los gritos, y la vieron girar la cabeza hacia ellas y comenzar a acercarse. Se trataba de una chica imponente. Analía no era alta, pero sí era la única persona entre todas las que estaban allí que calzaba za- patos de tacos altos. Tenía el pelo negro suelto y enrulado, que caía en una estudiada anarquía por debajo de los hombros. Llevaba unos aros gigantescos, uno diferente en cada oreja, y estaba maqui- llada. Vieron su rostro pasar de la seriedad de quien está absorto en una tarea a exhibirles una gran sonrisa. Cuando les preguntó quiénes eran, María logró balbucear que, como estudiantes de sociología, estaban investigado sobre los centros culturales en edificios tomados, y que querían hacerle unas preguntas. Analía aceptó bien predispuesta, sin notar que las pre- guntas eran improvisadas, y que ninguna tenía un grabador, ni tan siquiera un lápiz y un papel con el que fingir que tomaban no- tas de lo que ella les decía. Al final le propusieron hacerle unas fo- tos, y al aceptar ella sugirió que incluyesen a otros compañeros del barrio y del movimiento, a lo que María y Laura respondieron que sí, triunfantes. Habían cumplido su objetivo. Tenían las fotos que habían ido a buscar. Y, a pesar de la angustia que habían sentido al tener que mentir, con el tiempo aquel primer encuentro sería cita- do por todos, entre risas, y mencionado para distender situaciones complicadas, como por ejemplo, las entrevistas con los medios. 8 Las investigaciones llevadas a cabo desde los organismos de derechos humanos, ya sea por las Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo o, como era el caso de quien todavía se llamaba Analía, desde la bau- tizada “comisión Hermanos” de H.I.J.O.S., se hacían ante todo protegiendo a quienes consideraban las principales víctimas de las apropiaciones: los hijos de los desaparecidos. No se trataba sola- mente de evitarles exposiciones públicas que podrían afectarlos aun más en el de por sí traumático proceso de aceptar una nueva identidad, una nueva vida y, por el mismo acto, de colocar a sus hasta entonces padres en el lugar que les correspondía: el de apro- piadores. No, con los procesos largos y silenciosos de las investiga- ciones se buscaba también evitar a los chicos apropiados falsas es- peranzas, alimentando en ellos un proceso que revolucionaba su existencia para después, por ejemplo, encontrarse con que lo que sospechaban no era verdad, o al menos no era verificable. Ambos temores se sostenían sobre no pocos ejemplos, y a lo largo de sus casi treinta años de existencia las Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, con su lucha incansable por recuperar la identidad de casi quinientos chi- cos nacidos en cautiverio o secuestrados junto con sus padres du- rante la dictadura militar, habían aprendido a tener paciencia a los golpes. De entre los casos de sobreexposición mediática que habían terminado por traumatizar a los implicados y dificultar su integra- ción en sus “nuevas” familias, el más sonado había sido quizás el de los mellizos Reggiardo-Tolosa, apropiados durante la dictadura por el subcomisario Samuel Miara. Durante el año 1994, el reite- rado paso de los mellizos, apenas unos adolescentes, por los dife- rentes canales de televisión, había conseguido ensuciar el proceso contra sus apropiadores a tal punto que tuvieron que ser criados por familias sustitutas hasta el momento de cumplir la mayoría de edad. Aquella herida seguía fresca y sin cicatrizar en los corazones de las Abuelas, y en los de cada uno de los voluntarios que trabaja- 9 ban en las diversas asociaciones. En cuanto al segundo de los posi- bles problemas, el de las falsas esperanzas, la cuestión era aun más espinosa, por cuanto el caso más reciente tocaba de lleno la historia de Analía. En el año 2001, el programa de investigación periodís- tica “Telenoche Investiga”, por entonces a cargo de Miriam Lewin, ex detenida-desaparecida en la Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada (ESMA), había tratado el caso del capitán de navío Adolfo Donda Tigel. Acusado de ser el responsable, entre otros, del secuestro y de la posterior muerte de su hermano José María y su cuñada Cori, embarazada de cinco meses en el momento de su desaparición. Se- gún los testimonios de algunos sobrevivientes, en 1977, Cori había tenido una hija en la ESMA, donde su cuñado se desempeñaba como jefe de inteligencia. Lidia Vieyra, quien por entonces tenía diecinueve años y estaba detenida junto con ella, testificó que Cori, en un acto acorde con su carácter indómito que se manifestaba aun en los peores momentos, había llamado Victoria a la pequeña, y le había cosido en los lóbulos de las orejas unos hilitos azules, con la esperanza de que alguien, alguna vez, la reconociese. En aquel pro- grama, donde se aportaban pruebas flagrantes contra el torturador Donda, se sostenía que la hija de Cori era posiblemente Mariel Donda, criada con un tío segundo de la familia en Diamante, pro- vincia de Entre Ríos. Cuando las Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, ba- sándose en aquellas denuncias, consiguieron a través de un juez que se le realizasen a Mariel las pruebas de ADN para verificar su identidad, los resultados no fueron compatibles con los de Cori y José María. Además de un fiasco para todo el mundo, aquello fue completamente traumático para la chica, y quienes habían seguido el caso aún no soportaban recordarlo. La política de Abuelas era la de proteger siempre a los chicos apropiados, con el fin de no provo- carles una nueva situación traumática, pero los medios de comuni- cación no se manejan con los mismos pruritos, y aquel caso, al igual 10 que el de los mellizos Reggiardo-Tolosa, las reafirmaba en su inten- ción de avanzar siempre discretamente y con sumo cuidado. El caso de Victoria Donda era especial por muchas razones: la principal era que uno de los responsables del secuestro, la tortura y el asesinato de sus padres no era otro que su tío Adolfo, conocido en los círculos militares con el sobrenombre de “Palito” o “Jeróni- mo”. Adolfo Donda era la prueba viviente de que la crueldad no tiene límites, sobre todo si se escuda en un supuesto código de con- ducta militar por el cual las órdenes están para ser cumplidas y re- sulta impensable cuestionarlas. Cada una de las chicas que habían llevado a cabo la investigación, Vero, María, Laura y las demás, no podían dejar de preguntarse cómo aquel monstruo había sido capaz de sentarse en una de las improvisadas oficinas de la ESMA mien- tras en el cuarto de al lado su cuñada era torturada, o cómo había podido autorizar el robo de su bebé para entregárselo a otra familia, negándole toda posibilidad de conocer sus orígenes y reivindicar su herencia, la misma sangre que corría por sus venas. Pero esta no era la única razón que hacía tan particular a Vic- toria. Si las sospechas que guiaban su investigación se confirmaban y Victoria Donda era efectivamente Analía, entonces se trataría del primer caso en el que una militante y activista política de izquier- da, hasta entonces considerada como la “hija rebelde” de un militar retirado, resultaba ser una chica apropiada, una hija de desapareci- dos.
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