DOCUMENT RESUME MD 099 143 PS 007 643
AUTHOR Littman, Sark S. TITLE Nursery School and Kindergarten Enrollment: October 1973. Current Population Reports: Population Characteristics. INSTITUTION Bureau of the Census (DOC), Suitland, id. Population Div. PUB DATE Aug 74 NOTE 20p. AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Series P-20, No. 268, $0.45)
EDRS PRICE HF-50.75 HC -$1.50 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Age Differences; *Census Figures; Kindergarten; *Kindergarten Children; Nursery Schools; Population Distribution; *Preschool Children; Private Schools; Public Schools; Racial Differences; Sex Differences; Social Characteristics; Socioeconomic Status; *Statistical Data; *Student Enrollment; Tables (Data)
ABSTRACT The data in this report are based on the Census Bureau's October 1973 Current Population Survey, and present information on the age, race, type of school, control of school (private or public), type of residence, and family income of children enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten. The tables contained in the report for 1973 are comparable to those published by the Office of Education for prior years. Also included here are selectedsummary tables for the period from 1964 to 1973. (Author/CS) SEP. 2 5 19 74 SCOPS OF INTEREST NOTICE The ERIC Fact lay nes snored the document tot procesung CURRENT POPULATION REPORTS to:
In as budoemet, tno document es elm of interest to Ito cleating- haloes noted to the .19M, Indors- ing thouSd ratted tneo special Population points of new.
U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Characteristics EDUCATION WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION 71.4;`, DO( NEWT nA.ttt th WI DUCE° EXACti Y Ls rt ..E WON' THE PERSON OW Otto.:N.:A',Jv Avotc, PO,N,S CI t.E A SI A TF 0 DO NOT Nt tt .SAN r WEF'kt SENT Of F t IAL 1Al,(.1444, t OF E nut At ,ON WO.,,01.1W F'i't
Percent of 310 5 year
90
70 5 21102...... DS ...... iiir iti ar 60 P....."°`
..r . .7, 50 ....., i;'-'...Ner ..,./",.. 40 3 TO 5 YEAR OLDS 30...... --- 4 YEAR OLDS 20
3 YEAR OLDS 10 _...... '""' APIMMIMMIM=II A...MIONW i 1 1964 190 1972
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Social and Economic Statistics Administration BUREAU OF THE CENSUS CONTENTS Page
Introduction Related reports 5 Definitions and explanations Source and reliability of the estimates 8
TEXT TABLES
'table A. Number of 3- to 5-year old children enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten: (k.tober 1964 to October 1973 B. Percent of 3- to 5-year old children enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten: October 1964 to October 1973 C. Number of 3. to 5-year old children enrolled in nursery schooi and kindergarten by type of school: October 1964 to Octo)...r 1973 D. Percent distribution of!...sery school and kindergarten enrollment of 3- to 5-year old children by type of program: October 1964 to October 1973 F. Percent of 3- to 5-year old children enrolled in public and private nursery school and kindergarten: October 1%4 to October 1973 3 F. Negroes as percent of total 3- to 5-year old enrollment in nursery school and kindergarten by control and type of school: October 1964 to October '973 3 G. Number of 3- to 5-year old children enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten by whether enrolled full or part-day and type of program: October 1969 to 1973 4 ILPercent distribution of household income for nursery school and kindergarten pupils 3- to 5-years old by control of school: October 1973 4 I. Percent distribution by type of residence of 3- to 5-year old children enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten by control of school: October 1973 S 3. Income intervals on the control card used in the October Current Population Survey 7 K. October CPS control card family it:vome and March CPS supplement family income for 1967 through 1971 I.. Standard :Trots of estimated numbers 9 M. Standard errors of estimated percentages 9
DETAILED TABLES
Table 1. Age and race of children 3 to 5 years old enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten by type and control of program: October 1973 10 Full-day and part-day at tenciance status of children 3 to 5 years old enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten by age, race, and type of program: October 1973 3. Family income, occupation of household head, type of residence and region of children 3 to 5 years old enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten: October 1971 12 4. Years of school completed of the household head for children 3 to 5 years old enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten by age and race: October 1973 13 S. Occupation of household head for children 3 to 5 years old enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten by age and race: October 1973 14 . Family income in preceding 12 months for children 3 to 5 years old enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten by age and race: October 1973 15 7. Type of residence of children 3 to 5 years old enrolled m nursery school and kindergarten by age and race: October 1973 16 $. Region of residence of children 3 to S years old enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten by age and race. October 1973 16 9. Selected characteristics of 5-year old children enrolled in elementary school: October 1973 17 10. Selected characteristics of-year old children enrolled in nursery school and kindergarten: October 1973 18
Fur sale by the Superintendent of Documents. US Government Printing Office. libshingron. D C . 20402, andUS. Deportment of Commerce, district offices, 45 centz Cogent Population Reports issued in Semis P- 20. P 23. P 25, P 26, P 21. P 28 (summaries only). P 60, and P-65 an' sold as a single consolidated subscription at 530.50 per year. $7.75 eddrtiondl lot ')wergn marking NURSERY SCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN ENROLLMENT: OCTOBER 1973
INTRODUCTION Trends geprimary enrollment since 1964 During the O'sthe number of 3- to 5 -year data in this report are based on the old children enrolled In preprimary program' Census Bureau's October 1973 Current Pop- (nursery school and kindergarten) increased whi It ulation Survey, and present information on the the total population of this age group was de- age,race, type of school, control of school, creasing due to the declining number of birth* type ofeidence, and family income of children (tableA). Because of this phenomenon, tilt enrolledisnursery school and kindergarten. enrollment rate between 1964 and 1970 jumper from 26 percent to 37 percent. However, neither Me tables contained in the report for 1973 the enrollment rate for children 3 to 5 years are comparable to those published by the Office old nor the number enrolled in preprimary grade* ofI ducation for prior years.'Also included changed significantly between 1972 and 1973. here are selected summary tables for the period In 1973, the number of 3- to 5-year old childrer from 1964 to 1973. enrolled was 4.2million, representing about two of every five children in that age group.2 Some hi hts of the data presented in this report are:
The number of 3- r,o 5-year-old children Table A. Number of 3- to 5-Year Old Children En- enrolled in preprimary programs (nursery school rolled in Nursery School and Kindergarten and kindergarten) was 4.2 million in 1973, rep- resentins. about two of every five children in October 1964 to October 1973 that age group. (Numbers in thousands) Enrolled in Total .Ithough theenrollment raw for these nursery school children children increased from 26 percent to 37 percent Year and kindergarten between 1964 and 1970, there was no significant 3 to 5 years old changeinthe enrollment rate between 1972 Number Percent and 1973. 1973 10,344 4,234 40.1 Nursery school enrollment has more than 1972 10,166 4,231 ,!1.1 doubled during the past decade, from about 1971 10,610 4,148 39.1 one-half million in 1964 to 1.3 million in 1973. 1970 10,949 4,104 37.: 1969 11,424 3,949 34.( 1968 11,905 3,928 33.( In1973, about three of every four of the 1967 12,242 3,868 31.E 5-year-old children were enrolled in a pre- 1966 12,486 3,674 29.' primary program, compared with about one of 1965 12,549 3,407 27.1 three of the 4-year-olds and one of seven of 1964 12,496 3.187 25.: the 3-year-old children. Nursery school enrollment continues to be concentratedlargelyin private programs (70 percent) whereas kindergarten students are pre- dominantlyin public programs (84 percent). 2The total nusotr of 3- to 5-year cld children increased slightly in 1973 over the 1972 figure, l'he majority of Negro nursery school students even though this age group had been decreasing in were in public programs (69 percent), but the size annually since 1966. The in,2rease is due majority of white nursery school students attended largely to the greater number of children born in private programs (78 percent). 1970 than in 1967. According to presently avail- able data on number of births. the number of 3- to 5-year olds in 1974 should be about the same as the 10.3 in 1973. and then decline 'Last published as 94-0.:W Publication No. (OE) again in subsequent years. See the Current Pop- 73-11411."Preprimary Enrollment; October 1972" ulation Report, Series P-25, No.499, "Estimates by the National Center for Educational Statistics, of the Population of the United States and Com- Office of Education. ponents of Change: 1972."
This report was prepared by Mark S. Littman, under the direction of Larry E. Suter, Chief, Education and Social Stratification Branch, Populatiou Division, with the statistical assistance of Andrea E. Word.
1 2 Sincethere are more freepublic school Table C. Number of 3- to 5-Year Old Children En- programs for 5-year old children than for the rolled in Nursery School and Kindergarten by younger children,itis not surprising that the Type of School: October 1964 to October 1973 enrollment rateforthe5-year old children far surpasses that for the children who are (Numbers in thousands) 3 and 4 years old (table R). In 1973, about Percent change over three out of every four of the 5-year old child- p receding year Nursery Kinder- ren were enrolled in priprimary programs,com- Year school gart,m pared with about one of three of the 4-year Nursery Kinder- old children and one of seven of those whowere school garten 3 years old.'Negro children 3 and 4 years old had a somewhat higher preprimary enroll- 1973 1,318 2,916 3.2 -1.3 mentratethanwhitechildren (29 percent 1972 .. i,277 2,954 20.2 -4.3 compared with 23 percent). 1971 1,062 3.086 -2.9 2.5 1970 1,094 3,010 27.7 -2.7 1969 857 3,092 5.0 -0.6 Table S. Percent of 3- to 5-Year Old Children En- 1J68 816 3,112 14.6 -1.4 rolled in Nursery School and Kindergarten: 1967 712 3,157 3.8 5.7 October 1964 to October 1973 1966 686 2,988 31.9 3.5 1965 520 2,887 10.4 6.3
1964 471 2,716 (X, t Percent enrolled -_-_ (X) Year 3 year 4 year 5 year X Not applicable. olds olds oldsl
1973 14.5 34.2 76.0 1972 15.5 33.6 76.1 Table D. Percent Distribution of Nursery ',ad and 1971 12.4 29.8 73.7 Kindergarten Enrollment of 3-to 5-Year Old Chil- 1970 12.9 27.8 69.3 dren by Type of Program: Octe"r 1964 to 1969 8.7 23.1 68.9 October 1973 1968 8.3 22.8 66.0 1967 6.8 21.3 65.4 Total Nursery Kinder- 1966 6.0 18.9 62.2 Year .nrolled 1965 4.9 16.1 60,6 school garten 1964 4.3 14.9 58,1 1973 10n.0 31.1 68.9 tExcludes 5-year Ild children enrolled above 1972 100,0 30.2 69.8 kindergarten. 1971 100.0 25.6 74.4 1970 100,0 26.7 73.3 1969 100.0 21.7 78.3 While the number of 3- to 5-year old children 1968 100,0 20.8 79.2 in kindergarten has shown little change during 1967 ...... 100,0 18.4 81.6 the past decade, the number in nursery school 1966 100,0 18.7 81.3 has more than doubled, from about one-half 1965 100,0 15.3 84.7 million children in 1964 to 1.3 million in 1973 1964 100.0l 14.8 85,2 (tableCO. In1964, one out of every seven children enrolled in preprimary programs was enrolled in nursery school; by 1973 this pro- Negroes represented a larger proportion of portion hadincreased tonearly one out of the public than private enrollment at both the three (table 1)). nursery school and kindergarten levels in 1973 (table1'). About 37 percent of the students in the proportion :4 kindergarten students who public nursery school were Negroes, compared were enrolledinpublic schools has remained with only 7 percent of the students in private unchanged at close to four-fifths during the past nursery school.About 16 percent of the public 10 years, while the proportion of nursery school kindergarten enrollees in 1973 were black, but students enrolled in public programs increased only 7 percent of the private kindergarten en- from about one-fifth to three-tenths by 1966, rollees.The majority of Negrc nursery school and then remained at about thist level (table H. students were in public programs (69 percent), but the majority of white nurser} school students attended private programs (7R percent).The 3Ine1uding elementary school, the enrollment relatively high proportion of Negroes in public rate for :i-year olds in 1973 would actually be programsisto some extentattributableto about 86 percent. One out of ten of the 5-vear the Head Start program, in which Negroes are olds was enrolled in fir,;t grade in 1973. the single largest racial group. 3 Table E. Percent of 3- to 5-Year Old Children Enrolledin Public and Private Nursery School and Kindergarten: October 1964 to October 1973
Total enrolled Nursery school Kindergarten Year Public Prtv-ite Public Private Public Private
197 3 66.8 33.2 29.9 70,1 83.5 16.5 1972 67.9 32.1 31.0 69.0 83.8 16.2 1971 68.6 31.4 29.7 70.3 82.0 18,0 1970 69.0 31.0 30.3 69.6 83.0 17,0 1969 70,0 30.0 28.2 71.8 81.6 18.4 1968 72.0 28.0 32.1 67.9 82.6 17.5 1967., 71,7 28.3 32.2 68,0 80.0 19.4 1966 71.5 28.5 31.0 69.0 80.8 19.2 1965 71,0 29.0 24.4 75.6 79.4 20.6 1964 73.6 26.4 19.3 80.7 83.0 17.0
Table F. Negroes as Percent of Total 3- to 5-Year OldEnrollment in Nursery School and Kindergarten by Control and Type of School: October 1964 to October1973
Total enrolled Nursery school Kindergarten
Year .... Public Private Public Private Public Private -.. . 1973 18.5 6,8 36.5 6.9 15.5 6.7 1972 17.5 8.6 28.5 8.2 15.7 9.4 1971 . 17.2 7.9 28.3 8.2 15.8 7.6 1970 17.2 7.7 38.9 6.4 14.4 9.6 1969 16.2 10,7 42.1 11.1 13.7 10.4 1968' 18.1 9.8 37.8 9.6 16.1) 10.1 1967' 18.1 9.0 11.5 11.2 16.0 7.4 1966' 16.8 8.8 41.3 7.8 14.6 9.6 19651 15.1 8.8 29.1 8.9 14.3 8.7 1964' 14.6 11.5 38.5 8.9 A_ 13.7 13.6 'Negro and other races. Data for Negroes separately not available prior to 1969.
l'heproportion of nursery scbool students tr!bution of families sending childrento nursery attendingfull-day(about 29 pt rct. ^t) has not school and kindergarten accordingto whether changed significantlybetweeni 110and 1973; the program was public or private (tableII). however, the proportion of kindergarten students For example, three-fourths of childrenin pri- attending full-day has approximately doubled in vate nursery schools in 1973 were in families that five year period, from about 11 percentto with incomes over $10,000 duringthe preceding 20 percent (table C;).A much larger proportion 12 months, whereas only about one-thirdof the of Negro (45 percent ) than white (18 percent) childrenin public nursery schoolswere from children attended preprimaryprograms full- families with comparableiiicemes.4 Among day in1973, Phis is likely due to the higher kindergarten students, 62percent of private labor force participation rates for Negrowomen compared with 47 percent of publicprogram with young children compared to whitewomen. pupils had family incomes of $10,000or more. Many nursery schools andsome kindergartens offer both full-day and part-dayprograms. Since a higher proportion of the Negro women work, a larger fraction of these mothers are likely 1Fnmi1y income data obtainedfrom one question to choose full-day attendance for their children in the 0etober Current Population Surveyunder- than do white mothers. estimates the family income %hen comparedwith the data col levied in the MarchCurrentPopulation Surrey %here several income questionsare in- Family income of preprimary students,Ii luderi. see the setion on Definitions and Ex- were substantial differences in the incomedis- planations. 4
Table G. Number of 3- to 5-Year Old Children Enrolled in Nursery School and Kindergarten by Whether Enrolled Full or Part-Day and Type of Program: October 1969 to October 1973 (Number in thousands)
Total inrillled Nursery school Kindergarten t'ear - Full day Part day Full day Part day Full da.e Part day
. NUMBER
1971 958 3,276 384 933 573 2.342 1972 922 3,309 404 873 518 2.436 1971 7.211 3,428 294 768 426 2,66 1970 698 3,406 291 803 407 2.603 1969 587 3,363 256 601 331 1,761
PFRCENT bISTRIBI-- T10N MY TYPE 01, PKOtifiAM
1973 22.6 77.4 29.2 70.8 19.7 8 80,3 1972.. 21.8 78,2 31.6 68.4 17,5 82.5 1971 17,4 82.6 27.7 72.3 13.8 m6.2 1970 A7.0 143.0 26.6 73.4 13.5 86.5 1969 14.9 $5.2 29 9 70,1 10.7 89,3
Table H. Percent Distribution of Household Income Although the increase was not necessarily sta- for Nursery School and Kindergarten Pupils 3- tistically significant between each attainment lev- to 5-Years Old byControl of Scheel: October 1973 el, there was a large difference between the rates for chiPren whose household head had completed Housebold Nursery Nttool Kindergarten only high school, and those who had completed sncome four or more years of college.Among 3-year of prprimAry Publtc meat('PublicPrtvate old child; en, for instance, only 10 percent of students those whvse family head had only completed highschool were enrolled in nursery school 100.0 100.0 100,9 100.0 or kindergarten as compared with 32 percent of those whose head had completed college. I nder.:"3.0410 13.5 1.5 5,6 1.9 A large difference can also be observed for `30,011to ,4,999, 16.5 3.2 10.9 3,8 the 4-year old children. 5.1rtht to :"7,199. 17.9 6. 14.0 10.4 '7,Soo to r9,999. 9.7 15.0 14,1 One out of every four white children attending '10,000 or mor Ah.., 75.6 17,0 69,4 Income not re- preprimary programs came from families in ported 7.4 which the head was a college graduate, and an additional17percent came from household's in which the head had completed one to three years of college.About 7 percent of the Negro l'hree.to five-year old Negro children as childrer, attending preprimary programs were a group had higher enrollment rates than whites in households in which the head was a college atthelower end of the income distribution. graduate, and an additional 7 percent were in this was also true for the 3- and 4-year old households where the head had completed one children separately, but not for the five-year to three years of college. olds. For example, 24 percent of the 3-year old Negro children whose family income was under $3,000 were enrolled in 1973, compared I'ype of residence and region.Preprimary with only l percent of similar white children. programs, especiallynurseryschools, are heavily concentratedintheNation's metro- I ducational _attainmentof household head politan areas.Thus, 79 percent of the nursery there nas a tendency in1973 for enrollment school pupilsin 1973 and 71 percent of the rates of the 3- to 5-year oldchildrento in- kindergarten pupils lived within the country's crease asthe educational attainmentof the 243standardmetropolitanstatisticalareas head of theirhouseholc!increased (table4). (SMSA's) recognized at the time of the 1970 5 census titabke1). Pris ate nursery school en- was in the metropolitan area surrounding central rollment was even more c Jitered in metro- cities whereas thelargestportion of public poWan areas than public enrollment (83 percent nursery school enrollment(41percent) was compared with 72 pereentt. in the Nation's central cities.Partially as a consequence of having relatively few NW: kin- AFoun 44 percent of 3- to 5-year old children dergarten programs, the South hada lower livingin central cities of metropolitan areas preprimary enrollmentratefor 5-year olds and in the metropolitan areas surrounding cen- than any of the other regions.however, the tral cities were enrolled in nursery school or enrollment rate for 4-year old children in the kindergarten in 1973, compared with 34 percent South was not significantly different from that of the children of similar age living in non- for the otaer regions, and 3-year old children metropolitan areas. About 54 percent of the in the South P- -I a higher enrollment rate than private nursery school enrollment in the country their peers f- North Central region.
Table I. Percent Distribution by Type of Residence of 3- to 5Year Old Children Enrolled in Nursery School and Kindergarten by Control of School: October 1973
Nursery school Kindergarten Type of residence Total Public Private Total Public Private
Total 1P0.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Metropolitan 79.3 71.7 t42.6 71.0 70.2 74.2 Central cities.. 32.5 40,7 29.1I 31.9 31.9 31.5 Outside central cities 46.8 31.0 53. ii 39.1 38.3 42.7 gel, ei 28,3 17.4 29.1 29.7 25.8
RELATED REPORTS ore ,ented in Subject Reports of the 1970 census, especially in PC(2)-5A, School Enrollment, Beginning in 1%4 and ending in1972, the Off iceofEducation has published an annual report oa the number o; 3- to 5-year old child- Figures on school enrollment from the October ren enrolled in preprimary programs (i.e., nurs- Current Population Surveys differ from decennial ery school and kindergarten) based on theCensus census data for reasons in addition to the dif- Bureau's October Current Population Survey. ference in the dates.In the first place, the hesereportscontain data essentially com- survey data exclude the institutional population parable to those presented in this report, The and members of the Armed forces. These OF series was last published as Dill W Pub- two groups were included in the census. Second, lication No. (OF) 73-11411, "Preprimary l'n- there were differences in field w,.k, The small rol talent: october 1972," by the National Center group of Current Population Survey enumerators for Educational statistics. were more experienced and had more intensive training and supervision than the large umber or temporary Census enumerators and nay have Advanced data on school enrollment for per- more often obtained more accurate. answers sons3to 34 years of age for October from respondents.Third, the census was taken were presented in the Census Bureau's ient. in April and relates to enrollment since Feb- Population Reports, Series 1' -20, No. 261.Sta- ruary1, whereas the surveys were taken in tistics nn school enrollment for October of the October and relate: to enrollment in the current years prior to1973 have been published in term.This difference in months of the year other Current Population Reports in Series P-20, affects not only the extent of school enrollment (through "dropouts* during the school year, etc.) but also the level of school in which persons of a given age are enrolled. 1960 and 1970 census data,Statistics on school enrollment for cities, standard metro- Data from school systems.Information on politanstatisticalareas,States, regions and school enrollment and educational attainment is the United States appear in reports of the de- also colleued and published by Federal, State, cennial censuses.Detailed statistics on school andlocal governmental agencies, and by in- enrollment by age and socioeconomic character- dependent research organizations. This in- isticsfor regions and theUnitedStates are formationis generally obtained from reports 6 of school systems and institutions of higher South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District learning, and from other surveys and censuses. of EZErnbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisi- These data are only roughly comparable with ana,Mississippi,Maryland,North Carolina, data collectedbytheBureau of the Census Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, by household interviews, however, because of Virginia, and West Virginia. differences in definitions, subject matter covered, and enumeration methods. West:Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, California, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS Po ulation coveLa e.The figures shown are Preprimary enrollment. The school en- for i ecv ian popu ation excluding the relatively rollment statistics from the Current Population small number of inmates of institutions. Surveys are based on replies to the enumer- ator'sinquiry as to whether the person was Metropolitan-norunetropolitan residence. The enrolled in school.Preprimary enrollment is populationresiding instandard metropolitan the sum of enrollment in regular kindergarten statistical areas (SMSA's) constitutes the metro- and nursery school. politan population.Except in New England, an SMSAisacounty or group of contiguous A nursery schoolisdefined as a group counties which contains at least one city of or class thatis organized to provide educa- 50,000 inhabitants or more, or "twin cities" tional experiences for children during the year with a combined population of at least 50,00U. or years preceding kindergarten.It includes In addition to the county, or counties, containing instruction as an important and integral phase such a city or cities, contiguous counties are of its program of child care.Private homes included in an SMSA if, according to certain in which essentially custodial care is provided criteria,they are essentially metropolitan in are not considered nursery schools.Children character and aresocially and economically attending nursery school or kindergarten are integrated with the central city.In New England, classified as attending during either part of SMSA's consists of towns and cities,ratht r the day or the full day.Part-day attendance than counties.The metropolitan population in refers to those who attend either in the morning this report is based on SMSA's as defined in orinthe afternoon, but not both.Full-day the 1970 census and does not include any sub- attendance refers to those who attend both in sequent additions or changes. the morning and afternoon.
The population inside SMSA's is further classi- "Head Start."Children enrolled in "Head fied as "in central cities' and 'outside central Startprograms or similar programs sponsored cities."With a few exceptions,. central cities by local agencies to provide preschool education are determined according to the following criteria: to young children are counted under "Nursery' 1. The largest city in an SMSA is always a or "Kindergarten" as appropriate. central city. 2. One or two additional cities may be second- or private school.In this report, ary central cities on the basis and in L'-,e order a p7Slic school is defined as any educational of the following criteria: inst:tutionoperated by publiclyelected or appointed school officials and supported by public a.the additional city or cities have at funds. Privateschoolsincluded educational least 250,000 inhabitants. institutions established and operated by religious b, The additional city or cities have a bodies, as well as those which are under other population of one-third or more of that of the private control.In cases where enrollment was largest city and a minimum population of 25,000. in a school program which was both publicly and privatelycontrolled or supported, enrollment Geographic regions. The four major regions of was counted according to whether it was pri- the United States, for rhich data are presented marily public or private. in this report, represent groups of States, as follows: Age,The age classification is based on the Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachu- agea-the person at his last birthday. setts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Race. The population is divided into three Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. groups on the basis of race:white, Negro, North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, and "other races.'The last category includes Michigan,iinnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Indians, Japanese, Chinese, and any other race Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. except white and Negro. 7 Years of l comple Data on years The income tables include in the lowestin- of school completed of the householdhead in come group (under $3,000) those whowere this report were derived from thecombination classified as having no income in theprevious of answers to two questions:(a) "What is the 12 months and those reportinga loss in net highest grade of school ...hasever attended?" income from farm and nonfarm self-employment and (b) "Did ...finish this grade?" or in rental income. The questions on educational attainmentapply The income tables in thisreport include a only to progress in "regular" schools.Such separate category for families for whomno in- schools include graded public, private, andparo- come ininformation was obtained, In most chial elementary and high schools (bothJunior of the other Current Population SurveyReports and senior high), colleges, universities,and pro- showing income data, the missing incomedata fessional schools, whether day schoolsor night have been allocated. schools.Thus, regular schooling is thatwhich may advance a person toward an elementary The money income level of familiesshown school certificate or a high schooldiploma, in this report may be somewhatunderstated. or a college, university, or prof( ssional school Income data from the Octobercontrol card degree.Schooling in other than regular schools are based on the respondent's estimate of total was counted only if the credits obtainedwere family money income for the preceding12 months regarded as transferableto a school in the coded in broad, fixecl incomeintervals(table regular school system. Income data collected in theMarch supplement to the Current Population Surveyare based on i leadof household. One of the persons responses to S direct questions asked ofall residing together asa household was designated persons 14 years old andover identifying 14 as the head.The head of a household is usually different sources of incomeand cover the pre- the person regardedas the head by members ceding calendar year. of the household.Women are not classified as heads if their husbands are residentmembers of the household at the timeof the survey. Table J. Income Intervals on the Control Card Used in the October Current Population Survey Family income. Income as defined in this report represznts the combined totalmoney in- Under $1,000 $6,000 to $7,498 come of the family before deductions for personal $1,000 to $1.999 .411,500 to $9,999 12,000 to $2,999 $10,000 to $14,999 taxes, Social Security, bonds, etc. Itis the $3,000 to $3,999 $15,000 to $24,999 algebraic sum of moneywages and salaries, $4,000 to $5,999 $25,000 and over net income from self-employment, and income other than earnings received by all familymem- bers during the 12 months priorto the surveys. Previous research has shown that theuse Itshould be noted that, although thefamily of broad incomeintervals to record money income statistics refer to receiptsduring the income tends to reduce therate of nonreporting previous 12 months, the characteristicsof the while incteasing the likelihoodthat the amounts person, such as age, marital status,etc., and reported will be significandy understatedas the composition of familiesrefer to the date compared with results from more detailedques- of the survey. tions (table K).
Table K. October CPS Control Card Family incomeand March CPS Supplement Family Income for 1967 Through 1972
Median family Median family October - Year Percent Percent income, October income, March March change change control card supplement ratio
1987 1:6,811 (X) $7.974 (X) 0.85 1968 7,189 5.5 8,632 8.3 0.83 1989 7,770 8,1 9,433 9.3 0.82 1970... 8,268 6.4 9,867 4.6 0.84 1971 8,680 5.0 10,285 4.2 0.84 1972 9,275 6.9 11,116 8.1 0.83 1973 10,155 9.5 12,051 8.4 0.84 X Not applicable. 8
Occation of household head. The data been obtained if a complete census had been refer toto c v n rour g the survey taken using the same schedules, instructions week. Pereons employed at two ormore jobs and enumerators.As in any survey work, the were reported in the job at whidi they worked results are subject to errors of response and the greatest number of hours during the week. of reporting, as well as being subject to sampling The term "white collar' refers to thecom- variability. bination of the following major groups used in The standard error is primarily a measure the 1970 Census of Population: (a) professional, of sampling variability, that is, of the variations technical and kindred; (b) managers and admin- that occur by chance because a sample rather istrators, except farm; (c) clerical and kindred than the whole of the population is surveyed. workers and(d) sales workers. The term As calculated for this report, the standarderror "farm workers' includes the major occupation also partially measures the effect ofresponse groups (a) farmers and farm managers and (b) and enumeration errors, but it does notmeasure, farm laborers and foremen. The term 'manual as such, any systematic biases in the data. The service' refersto the sum of the following chances are about 68 out of 100 that an estimate major occupation groups:(a) craftsmen and from the sample would differ froma complete kindred workers: (b) operatives includingtrans- census figure by less than the standard error. port;(c)service workers, including private The chances are about 90out of 100 that this household and(d)laborers,excluding farm. difference wouldbeless than 1.6 times the The category 'no household head* refers standard etr, and the chances are about 95 to a child in a household whose head was re- out of 100 e,..t the difference would be less siding away from home as a member of the than twice the standard error. Armed Forces. All statements of comparison appearing in the text are significant at a 1.6 standard error R z....mi_agdi of estimates. Individual figures level or better,and most are significant at are rounder:to the nearest thousand without a level of more than 2.0 standard errors. This being adjusted to group totals, which are in- means that for most differences cited in the dependently rounded. Percentages are based text, the estimated difference is greater than on the unrounded absolute numbers. twice the standard error of the diffete,nce. Statements of comparison qualifiedin some SOURCE AND RELIABILITY OF THE EbI1MATES way (e.g., by use of the phrase, "some evidence") have a level of significance between 1.6 and Sourceof data. The estimates are based 2.0 standard errors. on data obtained le Wtober 1973 in the Current Population Survey of the Bureau of the Census. The figures presented in tables L and M The sample is spread over 461 areas comprising are approximations to the standard errors of 123 counties and independent cities with coverage various estimates shown in this report. In in each of the 50 States and the District of order to derivestandard errors that would Columbia. Approximately 47,000occupied house- be applicable to a wide variety of items and holds are eligible for interview each month. could be prepared at a moderate cost, a number Of this number 2,000 occupied units, on the of approximations were required.As a result, average, are visited but interviews are not the tables of standard errors provide an indication obtained because the occepants are not found of the order of magnitude of the standard errors at home after reeeatecl calls or are unavailable rather than the precise standard error for any for some otherreason. It.addition to the specific item.Table I. contains the standard 47,000, there 4tre also about 8,000 sample units errors of estimated numbers of children enrolled in an average month which are visited but in nursery school and kindergarten. are found to be vacant er otherwise not to be The reliability of an estimated percentage, interviewed. computed by using sample data for both nu- The estimating procedure used in this survey merator and denominator, depends upon both involved the inflation of the weighted sample the size of the percentage and the size of the results to independent estimates of the civilian totel upon which the percentage is based.Es- noninstitutional population of the United States timated percentages are relatively more reliable by age,race, and sex. These independent thanthe corresponding estimates of the nu- estimates were based on statistics from the merators of the percentages, particularly if 1970 Census of Population; statistics of births, she percentages are 50 percent or more. Table deaths, immigration and emigration; andstat- M contains the standard errors of estimated istics on the strength of the Armed Forces. percentages. Reliability of the eatimates. Since the esti- Note when small estimates, Percentage mates are passed on a sample, they may differ dieffiWons areare showninthisreportonly somewhat from the figuresthat would have when the base of the percentage is greater 9 than 75,000.Because of the large standard confidence interval would be from 12.1 to 15.7 errorsinvolved,thereislittle chance that percent. percentages would reveal useful informati.m when computed on a smaller base.Estimated totals Differences. For a difference between two are shown, however, even though the relative sample estimates, the standard error is ap. standard errors of these totals are larger than proximately equal tothe square root of the those for the corresponding percentages. These sum of the squares ofthe standard errors smaller estimates are provided primarily to of each estimate considered separately.This permit such combinations of the categories as formula will represent the actual standard error serve each user's needs. quite accurately for the difference between two estimates of the same characteristic in two Table L Standard Errors of Estimated Numbers different areas, or for the difference between separate and uncorrelated characteristicsin ,614 chances out of 1(H)) the same area.lf, however, there is a high Stze of StandardIStze of St andard positive correlation between the two character- est teats error eat t nate errer istics, the formula will overestimate the true standard error. 25,(004) 7,004) 1,000,000_ 40.004) Illustratioetuitzai...... fthew standard 50,000, .. 9.000 1,500,000,, 49,000 error of a differeme.Table i ofis report 100,0041. 13,000 2,500 000, 60,000 shows that In October 1973 there were 1,405,000 250,41400 21,000 5,000,0110.. 77.0(K) 500,8s01) 20,000 7, 500.000. 43.000 3 to 5 year olds enrolled in private preprimary 750.000 35.000 school.Thus the apparent difference between public and private enrollment is 1,424,000. The standard error of 2,829,000 is 62,000, as shown above. Fable 1. shows the standard error on Illustration of the use of tables of standard an estimate of 1,405,000 to be approximately rrors. `fable 1 of this report shows that 3 to 5 year old children were enrolled 47,000. The standard error of the estimated in public preprimary school programs inOctober difference of 1,424,000 is about 1973. Table 1.shows the standard error on 2 an estimate of this size to be approximately 78,000462,000)2+ (47,000) 62,000. The chances are 68 out of 100 that This means the chances are 68 out of 100 that the estimate would have been a figure differing the estimated difference based on the sample from a complete census figure by less than would be less than 78,000 from the difference 62,000. The chances are 95 out of 100 that derived using complete census figures. The the estimate would have differed from a com- 68 percentconfidenceintervalaroundthe plete census figure by less than 124,000. 1,424,000differenceisfrom1,346,000to 1,502,000,i.e.,1,424,000 ± 78,000.A con- Of these 2,829,000 children, 394,000 or 13.9 clusion that the average estimate of the differ- percent were enrolled in nursery school. Table ence derived from all possible samples lies M shows the standard error of 13.9 percent within arange computed inthis way would on a base of 2,829,000 to be approximately be correct for roughly 68 percent of all possible .9 percent.Consequently, chances are 68 out samples.The 95 percent confidence interval of 100 that the estimated 13.9 percent would is 1,268,000 to 1,580,000 and thus we can con- be within .9 percentage points of a complete clude with 95 percent confidence that the number census figure, and chances are 95 out of 100 of 3 to 5 year olds enrolled in public preprimary that the estimate would be within 1.8 percentage schools isactually greater than the number points of a census figure; i.e., this 95 percent of private preprimary school enrollees, Table M. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentages (68 chances out nt 100)
Est ima led Bane of Percentage (Thousands) percentage
2 or 95 0.4 0.3 0.2 5 or 95 0.6 0.4 0.3 10 or 90 0.9 0.6 0.6 20 or HO 1.1 0.7 0.6 35 or r,, 1.3 0.9 0.7 50 1.3 0.9 0.7 Table 1. AGE AND RACE Of CHILDREN 3 TO 5 YEARS OLD ENROLLED IN NURSERY SCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN BY TYPF 'eND CONTROL OF ---- total enrolled 4Nombers In thousands. PROGRAM: OCTOBER 1973 tavilian nonlnatItutlenal 90130161100 Enrolled In nursery school Enrolled 3n kindergarten Age call race Total ! Total ' Percent Public Private 'Total Public Private Total ; Private Total, 3 to 5 yearn Number !Weber Percent Number Perceell huanotrIPWrcent t Number/ Percent Number Percent Moaner Percent 1 Sumner Percent Numtrec Percent NegroWhite and other races-. old 10,344 8.6981,646 -yr 3,5214,234 713 43.340.540.9 2,2432,829 586 35.625.827.4 1,2781,405 227 24.713.6 7.7 1,0832,318 236 1412.412.1 3. 2.18394237 6.57.73.4 S45924 vit 4.89.74.9 2,438!2,316. 477. 29.028.228.0. 2,0062,435 429 23.526.123.1 433.461 481 2.95.04.6 White. Negro 3 years old 2,9779.5571,406 618515117 14.014.542.2 137522 77 35.6 2.63.9 340378 96 11.410.43 6.5 398489209 i3.413.814.2 127144 73 2.33.69.8 326363 64 1010.2 9 4.4 410 2619 28.0. 0.6.0.7 370 10 25.8 0.:0.3 141Ibi321 0.50 42.2 Negro and other Negro 4 Tears old 3,443 523579 1,177 9098 34.217.216.9 518 5560 15.010.510.3 659 3538 19.1 6.76.6 753 8391 21.915.915.7 232 4954 6.79.419.3 521 3437 15.1 6.4b.4 424 77 22.3 1.2 286 6 8.31.21.0 138 11! 0.24.0 Negrohtte bud other races1403w0 2,903 490540 202230946 32.641.342.6 343161175 32.932.311.8 603 4156 20.810.3 8.4 624109128 22.323.821.5 141 8391 17.016.8 4.9 483 2638 16.7 5.37.0 102322 93 29.018.9111.1. 202 84711 15.915.5 7.0 120 1518 3.13.34.1 Negrowhite and other races.-)learn 5 years old 2,8173,344 453527 2,1572,342 326385 71.973.176.679.0 2,1751,823 306352 67.666.664.765.0 334368 2033 11.911.0 4.46.3 601678 3.63.12.12.3 2412IP36 2.72.30.81.1 3640 4 0.90.81.31.2 2.09/2,466 31369 0 68.370.074.473.7 1,7992,139 294340 64.964.563.863.9 298327 2915 10.6 3.45.59.8 11
Table 2. FULL-DAY AND PART-DAY ATTENDANCE STATUS OF CHILDREN 3 TO 5 YEA'S OLD ENROLLED 01 NURSERY SCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN BY AGE, RACE, AND TYPE OF PROGRAF:4: OCTOBER 1973
(Numbers in thousands civil as nontnstitutional population) __ Knro11.4to-- Totalenrelled Nurser) N,11001 Kindergarten Age an, rave ---.... _ _ I- Full j Part Full Port Full Part Total 1.141 Total 90y day day day day day
T.(81, 2 t. 5 years old.. . 4,234 950 3,276 1,316 385 933 2.910 573 2,347 011te 3,521 648 2,993 1,083 247 kis 3.426 390 2,0411 98 477 183 294 Wear. and other races . . 713 320 393 230 137 844,1%1 418 279 341 209 125 84 410 153 227
2 years "16 515 178 338 489 169 320 26 9 17
mite . . .. . 417 124 293 3914 120 278 19 4 15 Near. And other raves 48 54 44 91 49 42 7 5 2 Negro 80 52 38 $3 48 35 7 S 2
4 years old 1,172 303 974 753 196 557 424 107 317
Mite . 944 180 740 u24 118 508 327, 04 259 Negro and ther racer.. 230 122 108 12$ 80 49 102 43 SS fogro 302 106 f16 109 09 41 93 38 52
5 years old 2,542 478 2,094 76 20 50 2,466 458 2,009 Mite 2,157 323 1,824 410 11 48 2,097 322 1,775 War., and ts,er races. 945 145 240 16 9 8 369 136 233 19 Negro . 326 119 :607 9 K 310 110 195
0290 NT 0114T8111017106
Total, 9 to 5 years old 100 0 22 9 77 100." 29.2 70.8 100.0 19.7 80.3
White . 100 a 19.1 81.9 1,9) 0 22.9 77.1 100.0 16.0 84.0 Negr. and other raves 100 0 44.9 55.1 100.0 811.3 41.7 1(30.0 38.3 61.7
Negro . . ... 100 0 44.9 55 1 400.0 59,9 40.1 100.0 37.3 02.7
3 years old . 100 n 34 5 65.5 100.0 34 5 65.5 (8) (8) (9) Mite... 100.0 29.7 70.3 100.0 30.1 69.9 (8) (8) (8) Negro and other races 100.0 54.7 45.3 100.0 53.9 46.1 (9) (8) (8)
Negro . ., 101.0 58.2 41.8 1(6).0 57.6 42.4 (8) (9) (9)
4 years old 100.0 25 7 74.3 100.0 26.0 74.0 100.0 25.2 74.8
1411114 . 100.0 19.1) 81.0 100,0 18.6 81.4 100.0 20.0 80.0 Negro and other races to0.0 53.1 40.9 100.0 62.1 37.9 100.0 41.9 58.2
Negro. . . 100.0 52.6 47.4 fon o 62.7 37.3 100.0 40.6 59.4
5 years old.. 100.0 18.6 81.2 100.0 26.3 79.7 100.0 18.6 81.4 White. 100.0 15.5 144 5 (0) (H) (8) 100.0 l ".4 84.6 Negro and other races 100.0 37,5 62.5 (0) (0) (8) 100.0 39.9 63.1
Negro . 100.0 36.5 93.5 (9) (0) (9) 100.0 35.6 64.4 --- -.. ---. 9 Save lass than 75,000. 12
Table 3. FAMILY INCOME, OCCUPATION OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD. TYPE OF RESIDENCE AND REGION OF CHILDREN 3 TO 5 YEARS OLD ENROLLED IN NURSERY SCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN: OCTOBER 1973
tNuobera in thou.and.. Civilian nontamtitutional population)
EnrolledIn--
Selected clutracteriatics Burner: school FIndergarten
Total Public Private Total Public !nitrate
Family Income
Total, 1.318 344 924 2,916 2,435 481 Under $3,0410 h7 53 14 140 137 9 f5,000 to 14.994 05 $5 30 284 266 18 r5,41011 to {7,499 12% A) 5d 417 366 50 f7.500 to $9,044 116 38 78 435 366 60 tin.114w1and o'er. . 441 143 698 1,444 1,144 306 ,t reported 71 25 46 192 156 36
ilecissi6ti.i6 of Hoed Read white collar 751 123 837 1,091 796 295 Hlue collar 376 149 227 1,349 1.200 149 tam .. 17 14 3 64 59 4 Unemployed or not in labor force 135 103 32 104 292 12 No hoUloehOld holtdi Al 6 24 108 87 20
T5pc of NC.idence
Metropolltan, In central citie. 128 16' 268 929 777 151 Metropolitan.oiat+Ichv centralcities 4417 122 495 1,139 931 205 Niadietropolitan 272 111 161 8414 724 124
Region
Northeast 281 69 212 629 2.411 62 North Central 380 124 237 780 752 33 South 387 105 262 948 677 309 West 110. 98 214 515 43% 77
PERCENT 0:STRINUT104
Yam: y income
Total 108.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 Under 13,000 5.1 13.5 1.5 5.0 5,0 1.9 t3.088 to .:4944 7.2, 16.5 3.2 9.7 10.9 3.6 13.(841 to {7.449 9.71 17.9 6.5 14.5 15.0 10.4 !7.500 to !0,4q4 4.4 9.7 11.4 14.9 15,0 14.1 110,000 and over 61.8 36.2 75.9 19.5 47.0 02.4 Sot reportod 5.1 .3 5.0 8.8 6,4 7.4
occupation of Rousebold 14,0
Total 100.0 100.01 100.0 100.0 100.0 1013.0 White collar 31.2, 69.0 37.4 32.7 61.4 Blue collar 28.9 37.8 24.8 449.3 49.3 31.0 ram 1.3 1.5 0.3 2.2 2.4 0.9 Unemployed ,r not in the labor force 10.2 244.1 3.4 10.4 12.0 2.4 No householdN.10' 2.3 1.4 2.9 3.7 5,6 4.3
Type of Hysidence
Total 14444.0 100.0 14)0.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 Metropolitan. 46 central cities 32.5 40.7 29.0 31.9 31.9 .41.5 Metropolitan, outaide centeal cities 19.n 31.0 53.6 39.1 38.3 42,7 Nunmetropolltan 20.9 28.3 17.4 29.1 29.7 25.8
Iteghas
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Wortbeasot 21.3 17.2' 22.9 21.8 23.3 12.9 North Central 27.3 1 25.0 26.9 30.9 6.9 South . 27.9 0,9 29.4 33.8 27.9 64.2 tve,t 23,5 21.4 23.1 17.7 14.0 18.0
148usehold. in .hsch heAd t. a 6e11ber of the Armed Table 4. YEARS OF SCHOOL COMPLETED OF THE HOUSEHOD HEAD FOR CHILDREN 3 TO 5 YEARS OLD ENROLLED IN NURSERY SCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN BY AGEltumbers AND RACE: in thousands. OCTOBER 1973 civilian nonlnatftutional population) s 0 to 8 yearsElementary, 1 to 3 yearsHigh school. High school. 4 years t 1 to 3 yearn College, 1 1 yrars or more College, No household bead' Age and race Enrolled 1 Enrolled -4 j 1 Enrolled i-- tI Errol led 'I Enrolled Enrolled Total I. ;Number Percent --1 Total !Number1 Percent Total ' Number 1 Percent Total Number 1 Percent Total Number Percent Total Numhe> Percent .4 4 i t -4- ,i 1- t t 1 white Total, 3 to5 years old. I 1,211 857 244377 28.431.2 1,3291.778 445827 33.536.4 : 3,2833,818 , 1.2051,432 36.737.5 1.31)51,413 1 586637 44.945.1 1,4.451,801 1,002 922 58.155.6 279325 118137 42.442.3 Negro and other races 353 134 37.8 449 202 45.1 533 227 42.6 ; 51 . 47.0 156 80 51.1 47 19 48) i 1092a Negro 334 128 24 38.2 6.1 I 584429 191 50 44.'i 180 : 23020C 10.142.1 41 44.5 650 94 : 205 42 44.8 37 15 7 48) 3 years old I 398 6.6 1.285 : 529 OP 18.7 31.5 110 6.0 Mille I 272 1 9 3.2 i 450 28 6.2 1,096 100 9.1 480 8' 18.0 590 190 32.1 89 5 5,3 Negro and other races.Negro .... 118127 j 16 13.212.3 If 129134 2222 17.216.7 178189 31 17.116.2 4349 : . 111E (11)¶9) 3880 15 9 48)(8) 1721 2 48)40) 24.3 I ; White 4 years old 274385 94 460644 . 172 94 20.528.7 1.275 360 28,2 458 : 184180 39.2 540587 ! 315343 58.5 94 28 29.8 46 18.71 , 1,114 299 26.9 428 38.4 58.4 87 28 31.8 Negro and other racesNegro 105111 1 4448 42.043.0 177185 7278 ' 40.642.3 443182 5861 39.037.8 2830 1315 19148) ' 31471 1728 4.11) 56 White 5 years old 311427 189259 60.7 419550 425 ! 71.077.2 1,256 807942 I 75.0 398425 1 335359 I 84.3 515564 ' 418454 80.5 102121 1C3 85.0 Negro and other races 116 70 60.9 323 102i i 78.1 1,073 183 136 74.075.2 29 23 84.6 ,41) i 49 36 81,1 (Ii 19 8618 83.7 48) Negro 'Households- Represents In zero. which the head Is a member of the Armed For es. 9 Base less than 75,000. 110 88 61.3_1 1;3 97 1 78.8 159 116 72.9 21 I 17 (8) 1 28 i i6 4 i) 14 13 (9) Table 5. OCCUPATION OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD FOR CHILDREN 3105 YEARS OLD ENROL LED IN NURSERY SCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN BY AGE white collar iNumbers in thounands. blue ,ollar AND RACE: OCTOBER 1973 Civilian noninstitutional populatloni Farm ivorkers themployed end not in No househcld head' Age and race Total Enrolled Enrolled 4 Enrolled T,sUor force Enrolled Enrolled Total 1 Total 1 Total ! --F Number Percent Total Number Percent Number lr-Percent --. Number i1 Percent I . 1 Number -6- '1 Percent White Total, 3 to 5yearsold. 3,3803,710. 330 1,6791,851 172 52.249.7-49.9 4,0584,872 814 1,4091,726 34.735.4 2923161 7381 8 24.9i25.51 1,1211 689i - 241198439 35.0,39.1' 279325 1281137 42 42.34 111/ Negro and other races 745 317. 34.8 231 6 t8ii 4321 193 45.7 47 19' 181 244 120 49.3 284. 38.2 . 22, 418 46.2 37 15 Negro 3 years old 317 24.0! 1,847 135 8.2 . 9 9.81fail 381 48 . 12.5. 110 7! , 6.0 . 1,324, 94, NegroWhite and other races 1,212 112 287 30 26.623.7 ! 1,348 299 3996 13.0i 7.1, 87! 7. 18 9.3(1 13 242139 2622 18.8 8 8. 21;89 , 2'5! (8'15.3 83 27.4 283 39 2 (71). 1321 19.0 17. i Ilif Negro 23 13.81 1 7 25. . 21 4 years old 1,219' ' 604' 49.6; 1,611 389 123 ' 9 7.3 397 148i 36.8. 94! 241 29.6 Negroshite and other racesNegro 1.108 111) 90 546 5946 50.9'53.3,49.2; 1,368 245219 300 7690 36.7i21.9!24.21 124 9,9 3 (11)113/5.2' 22711615170 7777987' 46.329.7' 87: 5!6 28 -i-. 32.8 S wars old 1,187, 929 79.6i 1,614 1,202 34.9i i 63 83.4 343. 245 71.5146.31 1 121, 1031 1 85.0 71.5i 99, ; NegroWhite and other races 2,060, 107 846 84 77.779.8, 1,344 270 1,014 188 89.6175.41 91 7] 59 4 182, 22i 0 93 69.51 102 19; 28 ! 43.7 fro Negro - Represents'Households zero. in which the head is a member of the Armed Forces. B lase iea'. than 75,000. 71 51 1112 L ! 2431 169 99.6 61. 2 84.4 1421 1201231 1531 911 75.2175.8 14! 13 Table 6. FAMILY INCOME IN PRECEDING 12 MONTHS FOR CHILDREN 3 TO 5 YEARS OLD ENROLLED IN NURSERY SCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN BY Under 13,000 !3,800 to 14,994 INumbere in th+meands. AGE AND RACE: OCTOBER 1973 t5.000Civilian to i7,499 noninetltutIonal population) i1,500 to !9,999 1,40,000 and over locos* not reported Age and race Enrolled Total Enrolled Total fr Enrolled Total -1- Enrolled 1- Total I Enrolled Total Enrolled Total, 3105 years old. Total-1 618 Number 213 Percent 31.5 1,018 Number 379 Percent 37.2 +- Number Percent -4 4 r-- Number Percent : j Number Percent Somber Percent White. 334 97 29 1 6731 228 33.8 1,2271,646 425645 35.234.7 1,3451,534 , 466550 34.635.8 4.5184,915 2,0852,295 46.246.5 601712 220263 38.638.9 Negro and other racesNegro 2821284! 1 116 41.240 9 332345 139151 45.043.8 292319 310119 37 37.84 163190 6584 39.944.2 297797 141199 50.2 111 43 38.6 3 ears old i 47.6 301 37 38.6 NegroWhite and other races 133232! 99 1 243814 24.210.316.2 338106230 121123 11.0 4.86.7 116409527 103343 8.58.2 460521 60 3846 8 8.3(B)8.8 1,5411.887 145 300338 38 26.019.520.0 204253 49 2127 6 10.210.8 (13) White Negro 4 years old 101207 99 185724 18.527...24.2 215348 99 130 7212 33.437.411.8 430530106 101142 9 23.428.7 8.3 445498 55 114 95 6 21.422.9 (B) 1,5211,645 115 600665 33 39.440.428.3 191217 47 6069 6 31.531.8 18) Negro and other racesNegro 5 years old 179105107 119 38 66.436.736.0 334130233 226 5658 67.643.643.9 489100 90 360 3741 73.641.211.1 518 4351 390 1618 75.3 (B)(8) 2,583 124 98 1,282 47OS 80.248.352.6 242 2526 186 89 88.8 1111)(9) White.Negro and other racesNegro 8 Base less than 75,000. 101 78 5465 89.069.064.4 103106228 145 81 79.07663.5 6 100388 96 291 8468 66.668.075.0 439 8479 332 4356 75.773.4 (9) 1,455 128 84 1,185 8197 73.375.481.4 206 2935 139 2327 87.4 (B)18) 16
Table 7. TYPE OF RESIDENCE OF CHILDREN 3 TO 5 YEARS OLD ENROLLED IN NURSERY SCHOOLAND KINDERGARTEN BY AGE AND RACE: OCTOBER 1973 (*tabors in thousands Civillaa nontsetttutional population)
Otetropolitan.ineide cratral ritien iletropolitaa-outaidecentraleities Notdiet repo/Ilan
Age and race Enrolled Enrolled Faroled Total Total Total r Perceat Mosher Percent- Nuebtr Percent Total, 3 to 5 rears old 3,090 1,357 44.1 3,998 1,756 43.9 3,285 1,120 34.3 *lute 2,127 917 43.1 3,704 1,824 43.8 2,987 980 34.2 Negro and other races 954 441 48.2 295 133 45.1 398 140 25.1 Negro 893 408 49.9 220 94 42.9 383 119 32.8
3 years old 1.004 199 17.7 1,399 234 18.7 1,094 93 N.5 White 739 130 17.6 1,81s, 213 19.4 945 76 7.9 Negro and other races 329 59 17.9 102 21 20.5 149 18 12.1 Negro 306 54 17.6 78 lit 24.9 139 17 12.0
4 ',SACS old 990 372 37.4 1.333 520 39.0 1,114 284 25.9 White 678 227 33.4 1.230 479 38.8 980 241 24.3 Negro ono other raves. 319 149 49.7 97 41 42.3 125 44 35.0 Negro 295 133 45.2 79 31 39.3 116 38 32.9 5 years old 1,021 798 78.0 1,286 1,002 79.1 1.057 743 70.3 White 713 540 78.5 1,171 931 79.5 933 865 71.3 Negro and other races 308 °38 70.9 45 71 74.2 124 78 02.9 Negro 292 119 77.5 83 44 49) 108 64 58.8 8 Uase les% than 75.000.
Table IL REGION OF RESIDENCE OF CHILDREN 3 TO 5 YEARS OLD ENROLLED IN NURSERYSCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN BY AGE AND RACE: OCTOBER 1973 lituabers in thousands. Civilian noninstitutional population)
Northeast Korth Central South West
Age and race Enrolled Carolled Enrolled Enrolled Total Total Total Total Nuaber Percent Nutiaer Percent laulther Percent Nuaber Peroent
Total. 3 to 5 rears old. 2,217 910 41.0 2,797 1,146 41.0 3,417 1,393 38.8 1,91.: 825 43.1 White 1,957 798 40.8 2,457 993 40.0 8,921 1,049 40.0 1,883 891 41.5 Negro and other races.... 290 112 43.1 340 183 47.8 796 304 38.2 250 134 93,8 %c41m.. 739 102 42.8 312 153 49.1 774 293 37.9 141 70 49.9
3 years old.. 748 104 13.9 978 107 10.9 1.128 175 15.9 703 129 18.4 hite.. 90 801 12.8 881 83 9.7 934 131 15.7 621 113 18.2 Negro and other races 87 14 15.8 117 24 20.2 293 44 19.1 82 18 19.7 Negro 79 13 16.2 104 22 21.3 289 44 19.8 54 11 (8)
4 rears old 727 258 35.4 917 277 30.2 1,180 410 35.4 839 232 38.4 Nbite .... . 840 224 34.9 909 231 48.7 910 311 34.2 548 181 32.9 Negro and other races 97 34 39.0 112 45 40.5 250 99 39.8 91 52 57.2 Negro. 85 32 37.4 104 44 42.0 247 97 39.1 53 30 #181
5 years old 742 549 74.0 902 783 84.5 1,129 788 88.0 571 489 81.1 Mite 658 484 73.8 791 669 84.6 877 607 69.2 494 397 80.4 Negro and other races.. 98 84 75.2 112 94 84.0 252 181 63.8 77 8.8 85.4 Negro.. 75 97 78.3 103 87 84.8 242 152 e8.8 33 30 110 9 Base less than 75,000. 17 Table 9. SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF 5-YEAR OLD CHILDREN ENROLLED IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL: OCTOBER 1973
0949bers 10 thousands.Civilian noninstitutional population)
Elementary enrollmeet Percent enrolled Selects, chattel* title* Total
Total Public Private Total public 1 Private
Total. 5 rears oll.. 3,344 346 287 60 10.4 R.6 1.8 White.. 2,817 2%9 244 55 10.8 6.6 2.0
%vitro and other tiara , ...... 527 47 43 4 4.9 t1.1 9.6
taegeo...... 453 41 37 41 9.0 6.1 i 9.9
FAMILY MOHR
Under f3.000. 179 15 12 3 6.3 6.6 1.7
?3,ond to "4.999 ...... 334 54 31 3 10.1 9.2 91 $5 ,090 p/ !7 .49u MI 34 32 1 6.9 0.6 0 3
3'7,509 to !9,99a ...... 516 541 44 ; 7 9.7 24.4 3.3 410,0110 and over, 1,563 1412 345 37 11.5 44.2 2.3 Mot reported 242 31 23 8. 12.9 9.5 3.1
OCCUPATION 01 4001216941 MIA9
White collar 1,167 139 ' 110, 29 11.8 9.1 2.5 blue collar.. 1,614 155 129 27 9.6 6.0 1 7
Farm . .... 99 1 4 - 3.6 3.8 eboraployed or not in labor force.. 343 39 35 4 11.3 10.1 1.2 46,household head' 121 19 10 6.1 ICI
wpm o1 9E919114ff
Metropolitan, in central cases 1.021 105 76 29 10.3 7.5 2.9 Metropolitan. outside central vatic* 1,266 155 134 21 11.2 19.6 1.7 Commetropolitaa 1,037 *6 77 9 WI 7.3 0.9
REGION
Northcast . 712 140 117 24 18.9 15.7 3.2
Horth Central...... 902 57 47 10 6.3 5 2 1.1 South 1.129 R7 68 19 7.7 6.0 1.7 Cost 571 82 55 7 10.8 9.7 1.2 I__ - - Represents zero. 'Households in *hien the head is a member of the Armed lorces. 18
Table 10. SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF 6-YEAR OLD CHILDREN ENROLLED IN NURSERY SCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN: OCTOBER 1973 tiro V1v111411 nott1nNtItutfonal thqhs1411"n/ 1144p.eryfwbooland ktudrritsrIca rntollmon1 !iv I fn 11167-tetInt n r. 'l i1 11,121 Public I Priol.
lntal,$year. 1d A.:017 1444 152 12 MhiTe 2,1152 1510 1311 13 81grMKS 7711111.1.7144,7 335 $4 is 1771,7V° 1111 14 11 ;
1-.4N31.N Ist'17141:
Iv pr 1113 It ',4Nso1,,'1,444 212 19 19 4.1 7, /. :111 23 1 .. '4,444...... ,,,,,,, Lot 211 211 ; '10.,nn. Att.!707,71° 1,715 75 6.11 7 11 M417,7,-1(41 431 114 , 1
OCCUPATION of.140INE11111.11 HIL11
11hi to. ,.94 1 4 r 1,191 58 11, Blue ..111.ir 1,552 Nal 77 3 fArm. 1:14 74 11
it in11a.b.t. fits 311 111 1 11, I 5 3
fixsipprw
ropo1114n et, t)ta* es I Irn 991 s l y :L., te
!42/1 ,, Sirt .att ventral c11 len 5if! .,t, ..4 ?Linnet rnn,1 an 1,002 1.4 1 61 . 3
1 NNO10% I 7 i 7 lnirt hvant . 7:11/ :tit ! It i Forth '.nt r..l 9114 4111i ON i ":..utn 1,1047 311I 21t 12 2.9 fin! 211 ._ . _. _ Iteprinent ti tett IN brad In 4 annttlwr,,fthArervd Fors4.