Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007
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Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 Birmingham Local Development Framework ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT 2007 December 2007 Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 2 Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 Birmingham Local Development Framework ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT 2007 CONTENTS Section Pages 1. Introduction 5-6 2. Contextual Summary 7-24 3. Local Development Framework – Key Output Indicators 25-69 4. Local Development Framework – Implementation 70-111 5. Local Development Scheme - Progress 112-117 3 Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 4 Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 This is the third Annual Monitoring Report for Birmingham produced under the provisions of the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004. 1.2 The aim of the Annual Monitoring Report is to provide a succinct digest of key statistical information relevant to the assessment of the impact of development planning policies in Birmingham. The report is structured as follows: • Section 2 sets the scene, by providing some general contextual information in relation to Birmingham’s population, environment, economy, housing, transport links and neighbourhoods. • Section 3 reports on the key development planning output indicators. Its focus is on the nationally defined Core Output Indicators – but it also includes a small number of locally defined indicators reflecting local priorities. • Section 4 assesses progress in delivering the Core Strategic policies of the Birmingham UDP 2005. The City Council resolved to adopt this plan on 11 October 2005, and currently it is the only document in the Birmingham Local Development Framework. • Section 5 reviews progress in implementing Birmingham’s Local Development Scheme (LDS). 1.3 In the first Annual Monitoring Report it was noted that there are a small number of national indicators in relation to which there is currently no adequate or consistent data to enable meaningful statistics to be produced. Some progress has been made in filling these gaps (e.g. in relation to biodiversity) and attempts will continue to be made to establish effective monitoring of these indicators in future Monitoring Reports. The potential for identifying additional local indicators will also be kept under review. 1.4 Some broad conclusions can be drawn from the monitoring data: • Levels of new house building in Birmingham fell from last year, but they are well above current UDP and RSS targets. There are no indications of land supply constraints that could prevent this continuing. However, the city’s housing requirement is likely to increase as a result of the ongoing phase 2 revision of the RSS. • Levels of employment development have increased from the previous year. The overall supply of industrial land has decreased from the previous year, with ‘readily available’ supply below UDP and RSS targets, 5 Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 however the ‘not readily available’ supply is strong. • Overwhelmingly, new development in Birmingham is on brownfield sites. • Almost all new housing development is in locations with good public transport access to employment and essential local services. • The City Centre continues to attract new investment to strengthen its role. • The majority of new retail and office development is taking place is in or edge-of-centre locations. Completions have increased significantly from the previous year with a healthy development pipeline. • Good progress is being made in delivering most of the core strategic policies of the UDP. • Progress in implementing the Local Development Scheme (LDS) has been variable. Nine Supplementary Planning Documents have now been adopted, and it is expected that the Statement of Community Involvement and several other SPDs will be adopted in early 2008. However there have been significant delays in the preparation of a number of Area Action Plans and other DPDs. The LDS will be reviewed in early 2008 to address this, and to take account of newly emerging priorities. 6 Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 2. CONTEXTUAL SUMMARY 2.1 Population 2.1.1 The Office for National Statistics estimates that Birmingham’s population in 2006 was about 1.006 million. The City extends to 26,777 hectares (267.8 square kilometres), of which about 15,200 hectares are residential. The overall population density of 37.4 persons per hectare is much greater than the English average of 3.85. 2.1.2 Table 2.1 compares the age profiles of Birmingham and England as a whole. The City has a relatively youthful population. About 45% of residents are younger than 30, compared with the England average of 37%. In contrast, only 34% of the city’s residents are older than 45, compared with the national average of about 40%. Table 2.1 – Age Profile of Resident Population of Birmingham and England, 2006 Age Group (Years) % of population Birmingham England 0 –14 20.7 17.7 15-29 24.6 19.6 30-44 21.1 22.1 45-59 16.0 19.3 60-74 11.0 13.5 75 & Older 6.7 7.7 Source: Mid Year Population Estimates, ONS, © Crown Copyright, 2007. 2.1.3 Between 1991 and 2001, Birmingham’s population drifted downwards. There were many more births than deaths, but this gain was more than offset by net out-migration, mainly to other parts of the West Midlands Region. Since 2001, the City’s population has grown, and by 2005 had regained the million mark. In contrast, the regional and national populations have grown consistently, as shown in Table 2.2. Table 2.3 provides more detail of recent population changes. The gains partly result from a growing natural increase due to more births and fewer deaths. The other contributor has been generally higher levels of international immigration since 2001. The long- standing trend of net out-migration to the rest of the regions and other parts of the UK has continued but at a lower level since 2004. As data sources about international migration, are far from comprehensive or reliable, the population estimates should be regarded with some caution. 7 Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 Table 2.2 – Population in Birmingham, the West Midlands Region and England, 1991 – 2006 1991 2001 2006 Area Population (thousands) Birmingham 1,004.5 984.6 1,006.5 West Midlands Region 5,229.7 5,280.7 5,366.7 England 47,875.0 49,447.7 50,762.9 % change since 1991 Birmingham -2.0% +0.2% West Midlands Region +1.0% +2.6% England +3.3% +6.0% Source: Mid Year Population Estimates, ONS, © Crown Copyright, 2007. Table 2.3 - Birmingham - Change in Population, 2001-2005 Change (thousands) Year Total Natural Change Migration & Other 2001-2002 +4.2 +4.8 -0.5 2002-2003 +2.7 +5.2 -2.5 2003-2004 +4.0 +5.8 -1.9 2004-2005 +7.0 +6.6 +0.9 2005-2006 +3.5 +6.9 -3.4 Annual Average +4.4 +5.9 -1.5 Source: Mid Year Population Estimates, ONS, © Crown Copyright, 2007. Notes: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding to nearest hundred. 2.1.4 Despite the reduction in population between 1991 and 2001, Table 2.4 shows that the number of households in Birmingham increased. The number of one-person households increased by nearly 14,000, while there was a reduction of 7,000 in other households. There is doubt over the precise change because of technical differences between the Censuses. Table 2.4 – Change in Households in Birmingham, 1991 and 2001 1991* 2001** Change Households One Person Households 112,463 126,314 +13,851 Other Households 264,765 257,701 -7,064 Total 377,228 384,015 +6,787 Source: Census of Population, 1991 (SAS24) and 2001 (ST053) ONS, © Crown Copyright * 1991 Census undercounts the number of households ** For comparability with 1991, excludes lone student and student-only households (6,778) 8 Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 2.2 Social and Cultural Issues Ethnic Groups 2.2.1 Birmingham’s residents are from a range of national, ethnic and religious backgrounds. Table 2.5 summarises the proportion of the main ethnic groups present. Just over 10% are Pakistani, with the next largest groups being Indian and Black Caribbean. Between 1991 and 2001, the Black & Minority Ethnic (BME) population increased, particularly in the Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups. BME groups are mainly concentrated in the inner parts of the City. There are differences between groups in housing, the labour market, health and age structure. Table 2.5 – Birmingham - Largest Ethnic Groups, 2001 % of population Ethnic Group Birmingham England White British 65.6 87.0 Pakistani 10.6 1.4 Indian 5.7 2.1 Black Caribbean 4.9 1.1 White Irish 3.2 1.3 Mixed Groups 2.9 1.3 Bangladeshi 2.1 0.6 All other groups 5.0 5.2 Source: 2001 Census of Population, Key Statistics Table 9, © Crown Copyright. Social Grade 2.2.2 The 2001 Census contains an approximation to Social Grade, a classification widely used in market research. Table 2.6 below shows that the percentage of residents in grades A & B (higher and intermediate managers, professionals and administrative workers) is lower in Birmingham than in the West Midlands Region and England as a whole. Table 2.6 – Birmingham - Approximated Social Grade, 2001 % of household residents aged 16 to 64 Grade Birmingham West Midlands England A & B 19.5 22.5 25.5 C1 26.2 27.0 29.9 C2 17.5 20.4 18.2 D 25.5 23.2 20.3 E 11.2 6.9 6.1 Source: 2001 Census of Population Standard Table 66, © Crown Copyright Note: classification of household members based on that of the household representative 9 Birmingham Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007 2.2 Social and Cultural Issues Ethnic Groups 2.2.1 Birmingham’s residents are from a range of national, ethnic and religious backgrounds.