In Motion: Sharing Korea’S Experience Green Growth in Motion Sharing Korea’S Experience

GREEN GROWTH in motion: Sharing Korea’s Experience GREEN GROWTH in motion Sharing Korea’s Experience Copyright 2011 Presidential Committee on Green Growth of Republic of Korea for the original Korean edition of this book. This book is a collection of condensed, English translation of selected articles from Kim Hyung Kook (Ed.). (2010). The Right Way to Know about Green Growth, Nanam: Seoul. TABLE OF CONTENTS Ⅴ - 1 Green City 152 Ⅴ - 2 Building Energy Management Policy 156 Ⅱ - 1 Greenhouse Gas Inventory 052 Ⅴ - 3 Green Buildings 162 Ⅱ - 2 Climate Change Adaptation 058 Ⅴ - 4 Fuel Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Regulations 168 Ⅱ - 3 Climate Change and Agriculture 063 Ⅴ - 5 Green Transportation 172 Ⅱ - 4 Climate Change and Health 069 Ⅴ - 6 Bicycle and Low Carbon Transportation 175 Ⅰ. Institutional Ⅱ. Climate Policy Ⅲ. Green Energy Ⅳ. Green Ⅴ. Green City, Ⅵ. Green Life Foundations Technology and Transportation and Industry Building Ⅰ - 1 Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth 026 Ⅲ - 1 Energy Efficiency 074 Ⅳ - 1 The 27 Core Technologies 098 Ⅵ - 1 Resource Recycling Ⅰ - 2 Presidential Committee on Green Growth 032 Ⅲ - 2 Smart Grid 079 Ⅳ - 2 Commercialization of Green Technologies 105 Policy 184 Ⅰ - 3 National Strategy for Green Growth and its Ⅲ - 3 Fuel Cells 083 Ⅳ - 3 Green IT 111 Ⅵ - 2 Scrap Metal Recycling 189 Five-Year Plan 038 Ⅲ - 4 Photovoltaics 088 Ⅳ - 4 Green Industry 117 Ⅵ - 3 Green Purchasing and Consumption 194 Ⅰ - 4 Green Finance 047 Ⅲ - 5 Wind Power 094 Ⅳ - 5 Greening the Existing Industries 121 Ⅵ - 4 Green Education 200 Ⅳ - 6 Green Certificates 132 Ⅳ - 7 Public Procurement of Green Products 136 Ⅳ - 8 Green Jobs 141 Ⅳ - 9 Green Talent 145 Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth 212 Supplement Enforcement Decree of the Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth 233 LIST OF FIGURES Ⅳ Ⅰ . Green Technology and Industry . Green Technology . Institutional Foundations Figure 1-1 Structure of Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth 027 Figure 4-11 Greening the Value Chain of the Automobile Industry 124 Figure 1-2 The Five Civilian Caucus Related to Green Growth Policies (as of Oct. 2010) 035 Figure 4-12 Threats to Businesses Originating from Climate Change 126 Figure 1-3 List of Reports to the President by PCGG 035 Figure 4-13 Green Business Management Model 126 Figure 1-4 The Policy Framework of Low Carbon Green Growth 041 Figure 4-14 Green Business Management Standards and Detailed Indices 128 Figure 1-5 Ten Policy Agenda Supporting the Strategy 044 Figure 4-15 Public--Private Information Channel for International Environmental Regulations 129 Figure 1-6 Investment Plan for Green Growth 2009 – 2013 046 Figure 4-16 Concept Diagram of Green Partnership 129 Figure 1-7 Expected Economic Effects of Green Growth 046 Figure 4-17 Concept of Eco Industrial Park (EIP) 131 Figure 4-18 The Status of Green Certificate (Number of Cases, as of 10 September, 2010) 133 Figure 4-19 Technologies for Green Technology Certificates 133 Figure 4-20 Korea’s Eco Mark Products 137 Figure 4-21 Green Jobs 142 Ⅱ . Climate Policy Figure 2-1 Principles of GHG Inventory 053 Figure 4-22 Major Green Technologies and Related Qualifications 147 Figure 2-2 Flow Chart of GHG Inventory Development 054 Figure 2-3 Scope of GHG Emission Sources 055 Ⅴ . Green City, Transportation and Building Transportation . Green City, Figure 5-1 Characteristics of Four City Types 153 Figure 2-4 Variation in Rice Yield due to the Combined Impact of CO2 Concentration Level in the Atmosphere and the Temperature rise 067 Figure 5-2 Stream of City Paradigm 153 Figure 5-3 Concept of Low Carbon Green City 154 Figure 5-4 Korea’s Climate Change Policies 154 Figure 5-5 New Direction of Green Building Production Activities 162 Ⅲ . Green Energy Figure 3-1 The Concept of Smart Grid 079 Figure 5-6 Examples of Technologies to Realize Sustainable Green Buildings 163 Figure 3-2 The Fuel Cell System 083 Figure 5-7 Sustainable Building Index 165 Figure 3-3 The Basic Structure and Power Generation Method of Solar Cells 088 Figure 5-8 Plan on the Vitalization of Green Buildings 165 Figure 3-4 Basic Structure of Solar PV 089 Figure 5-9 Average Energy Consumption Efficiency of Passenger Vehicle 169 Figure 3-5 Korea’s Investment in Renewable Energies (Unit, 100million KRW) 089 Figure 5-10 Emissions Standards for Passenger Vehicles on Gasoline or Gas 169 Figure 3-6 Korea’s Renewable Energy Export (Unit, million USD) 089 Figure 5-11 Bike Ride Population by Country 177 Ⅳ . Green Technology and Industry . Green Technology Figure 4-1 Selection Process of the 27 Core Technologies 099 Figure 4-2 Green Technology Category 099 Ⅵ Figure 4-3 27 Core Technologies, 17 New Growth Engines and 15 Green Energy . Green Life Figure 6-1 Paradigm Shift of Waste Policy 185 Technologies- a Comparison 100 Figure 6-2 The Level of Scrap Metal Recycling Technology by Countries 191 Figure 4-4 The Share of Green Technology in National R&D, 2008 101 Figure 6-3 Classification of the Strategic Recycling Metals (an Example) 191 Figure 4-5 Types of Investment and their Trends 102 Figure 6-4 Relations between ISO 14020 Series and Domestic System 194 Figure 4-6 Process of Establishing Strategy for Commercialization of Green Technologies 107 Figure 6-5 Current Situation of EDP Certification (Updated on August 31, 2009) 195 Figure 4-7 New Growth Industries 117 Figure 6-6 Eco Mark of Korea 197 Figure 4-8 The Strategy for Industrial Development Based on Knowledge and Innovation Figure 6-7 Environment Grade Mark 197 Driven Green Growth 122 Figure 6-8 Carbon Footprint Mark 197 Figure 4-9 17 New Growth Engines in 3 Categories 123 Figure 6-9 Reinforcement of Policies on Green Growth Education 201 Figure 4-10 Major Tasks for Greening (by Sector) 123 Figure 6-10 High School Curriculum of ‘Environment and Green Growth’ 202 Foreword Human civilization has been shaped by several major transformations in its history. I believe the sharing of Korea’s practices for green growth will provide other countries The industrial revolution that led to the advent of an era of quantity-oriented, expansionary with useful tools and ideas that can be utilized to address their own challenges and the growth heavily based on the extensive input of labor and capital has brought about wide- global imperatives that threaten us all. The road ahead is likely to be more difficult than spread environmental degradation, rapid global population growth, unsustainable con- the road already travelled. However, with renewed resolution and cooperation among all sumption habits and other pressures on Earth’s limited natural resources. Global warming nations and stakeholders from both developed and developing countries, I am confident and the challenges of climate change derived from the heavy use of fossil fuels have laid bare that green growth can become a new global vision that will put us on the path towards a more the limits of this old development model and threaten the sustainability of the entire world. sustainable and prosperous future. The world desperately needs a new growth paradigm that can address the challenges of I would like to express my gratitude to the Presidential Committee on Green Growth climate change and resource depletion. The solution lies in green growth. Green growth is of Korea. In particular, the Founding Co-Chair of the Committee, Professor Kim Hyung the new revolutionary development paradigm that sustains economic growth while at the Kook’s knowledge and dedication enabled the compilation of the original book on Korea’s same time ensuring climatic and environmental sustainability. It focuses on addressing the green growth, The Right Way to Know about Green Growth, which we have relied on here. root causes of these challenges while ensuring the creation of the necessary channels for I am positive that this work can be further developed in the near future to provide a more resource distribution and access to basic commodities for the impoverished. Under this new complete explanation of green growth and Korea’s experiences. Moreover, I hope that this paradigm, new ideas, transformational innovations and state-of-the-art technology will work will further stimulate passions and generate valuable tips for the global dissemination become the major drivers for growth. of green growth paradigm that will contribute towards making a better world for mankind. Recognizing this new reality, various countries across the world are striving to implement sound policies for green growth, including the Republic of Korea, a country that overcame endemic poverty to emerge as one of the leading global economies. Having proclaimed green growth as the new national vision of Korea, the government has formu- lated various policies to put this vision into action and announced the Green New Deal in Han Seung-soo January 2009. The Five Year Green Growth Plan covering the years of 2009 to 2013 and Chairman the Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth represent innovative and concrete Board of Directors measures towards realizing green growth. The Global Green Growth Institute 008 009 Green Growth The Background of its Birth and the Way Forward There is a question that is often raised. Was the national vision of ‘Low Carbon Green subsequent establishment of the Ministry of Finance and Economy in 1998. Growth’ conceived out of chance or out of necessity? Many still ask the question: is green Not unlike a chemical reaction, bringing the somewhat idle themes of climate change growth – a sort of one-time political slogan or a long-lasting commitment for next genera- and national vision together and creating momentum towards this end required a special tions? and catalytic moment. That came on August 15th of 2008. It almost appeared as though The answer is this – green growth was the product of the creative efforts of a nation’s the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Republic of Korea falling on the first year of leader who, through his foresight, was able to understand the needs of the present, and President Lee Myung-bak’s administration was destined.

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