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Karamoja, Uganda Enhanced Market Analysis 2016 FEWS NET Uganda Enhanced Market Analysis 2016 KARAMOJA, UGANDA ENHANCED MARKET ANALYSIS 2016 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET), contract number AID-OAA-I-12-00006. The authors’ views Famineexpressed Early in Warningthis publication Systems do Network not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency i for International Development or the United States government. FEWS NET Uganda Enhanced Market Analysis 2016 About FEWS NET Created in response to the 1984 famines in East and West Africa, the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) provides early warning and integrated, forward-looking analysis of the many factors that contribute to food insecurity. FEWS NET aims to inform decision makers and contribute to their emergency response planning; support partners in conducting early warning analysis and forecasting; and, provide technical assistance to partner-led initiatives. To learn more about the FEWS NET project, please visit http://www.fews.net Acknowledgments FEWS NET gratefully acknowledges the network of partners in Uganda who contributed time, analysis, and data to make this report possible. See the list of participants and their organizations in Annexes 1 and 3. Famine Early Warning Systems Network ii FEWS NET Uganda Enhanced Market Analysis 2016 Table of Contents Preface ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. xii Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1 Introduction to the Uganda Enhanced Market Analysis Assessment........................................................................................... 4 1.1 Study methods .............................................................................................................................................................................. 5 1.2 Organization of the report .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 2 Context..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Environmental conditions ........................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 Agroclimatology ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 Soil conditions .................................................................................................................................................................. 9 2.2.3 Land cover ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.2.4 National parks, forest reserves, and wildlife reserves .............................................................................................. 9 2.2.5 Seasonality ........................................................................................................................................................................ 9 2.3 The social context....................................................................................................................................................................... 10 2.3.1 Demographics................................................................................................................................................................. 10 2.3.2 Ethnicity ........................................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.3.3 Poverty............................................................................................................................................................................. 11 2.3.4 Literacy and education.................................................................................................................................................. 12 2.3.5 Disarmament .................................................................................................................................................................. 13 2.4 Infrastructure .............................................................................................................................................................................. 13 2.4.1 Road infrastructure ....................................................................................................................................................... 13 2.4.2 Basic services .................................................................................................................................................................. 14 2.4.3 Storage............................................................................................................................................................................. 14 2.4.4 ICT/Connectivity............................................................................................................................................................. 14 2.5 Governance.................................................................................................................................................................................. 14 3 Livelihood systems ............................................................................................................................................................................... 16 3.1 Dominant livelihood systems of Karamoja ............................................................................................................................ 16 3.2 Income sources and expenditure patterns ............................................................................................................................ 19 3.3 Income earned through trade with Kenya ............................................................................................................................. 20 3.4 Food sources ............................................................................................................................................................................... 21 3.5 Staple foods consumed ............................................................................................................................................................. 23 3.6 Food gap....................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 4 Markets in Karamoja ........................................................................................................................................................................... 25 4.1 The national and regional market context............................................................................................................................. 25 4.2 Food availability context in Karamoja..................................................................................................................................... 27 4.2.1 Key foodstuffs in Karamoja .......................................................................................................................................... 27 4.2.2 Local production environment and food supply ...................................................................................................... 27 4.3 Market structure......................................................................................................................................................................... 30 4.3.1 Types of markets present in Karamoja ...................................................................................................................... 30 Famine Early Warning Systems Network iii FEWS NET Uganda Enhanced Market Analysis 2016 4.3.2 Marketing basins............................................................................................................................................................ 33 4.3.3 Marketing actors ............................................................................................................................................................ 33 4.3.4 Local milling .................................................................................................................................................................... 37 4.4 Market conduct........................................................................................................................................................................... 37 4.4.1 Price setting and discovery
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