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Addis Abeba University School of Graduate Studies Institute for Peace and Security Sudies (Ipss)

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Addis Abeba University School of Graduate Studies Institute for Peace and Security Sudies (Ipss) ADDIS ABEBA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES INSTITUTE FOR PEACE AND SECURITY SUDIES (IPSS) INTER-HOUSEHOLD CONFLICT OVER FARMLAND IN JAMA WOREDA OF SOUTH WOLLO ZONE: IMPLICATIONS ON HUMAN SECURITY BY MULUGETA TESFAYE TESHOME JUNE 2016 ADDIS ABABA I ADDIS ABEBA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES INSTITUTE FOR PEACE AND SECURITY SUDIES (IPSS) INTER-HOUSEHOLD CONFLICT OVER FARMLAND IN JAMA WOREDA OF SOUTH WOLLO ZONE: IMPLICATIONS ON HUMAN SECURITY BY MULUGETA TESFAYE TESHOME A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES OF ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN PEACE AND SECURITY STUDIES JUNE 2016 ADDIS ABABA II Thesis Approval The is to certify that the thesis entitled “Inter-Household Conflict over Farmland in Jama Woreda of South Wollo Zone: Implications on Human Security” by Mulugeta Tesfaye Teshome is approved for the degree of Master of Arts in Peace and Security Studies, complies with regulation of the university and meets the accepted standard with respect to originality and quality. Board of Examiners Name Signature Date ___________________________ ______________ ______________ Director of IPSS ___________________________ ______________ ______________ Advisor ___________________________ ______________ ______________ External Examiner ___________________________ ______________ ______________ Internal Examiner III Acknowledgments A sincere appreciation goes to my advisor, Ahmed Hassen (PhD), Addis Ababa University Director of Institute of Ethiopian Studies, for his encouragement and comments ever since the inception of the thesis until the completion in this form. My heartfelt thanks also go to Jama woreda Administrative Officials and Judges for their genuine and sympathetic cooperation in the course of the data collection. I wish to acknowledge my informants and the kebele officials in 014, 015 and 017 who were willing and gave information for this thesis. I would like to further acknowledge the valuable assistance of the South Wollo Zone EPLAUD Workers and highly acknowledge South Wollo Zone Security Office Officials and Experts for their strong support in providing valuable data. Finally, I am grateful to my friends and relatives for their support and encouragement throughout my graduate studies and my research works. I Table of Contents Contents Page Acknowledgments............................................................................................................................ I Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ II Lists of Figures, Maps and Table ................................................................................................... V Lists of Acronyms .......................................................................................................................... V Lists Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................... VI Definitions of Local Terms ........................................................................................................... VI Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... VIII Chapter One .................................................................................................................................... 1 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background of the Study .................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Objectives of the Study .................................................................................................... 7 1.3.1 General Objective of the Study ................................................................................. 7 1.3.2 Specific Objectives of the Study ............................................................................... 7 1.4 Research Questions .......................................................................................................... 7 1.5 Significances of the Study ................................................................................................ 8 1.6 Scope of the Study............................................................................................................ 8 1.7 Limitations of the Study ................................................................................................... 8 1.8 Description of the Study Area .......................................................................................... 9 1.9 Organization of the Study .............................................................................................. 11 Chapter Two.................................................................................................................................. 12 2. Review of Related Literatures ............................................................................................... 12 2.2 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Conflict: Concepts and Definitions ................................................................................ 12 2.3 Modes of Conflict Handling ........................................................................................... 13 2.4 Farmland Conflicts ......................................................................................................... 14 2.5 Factors of Land Related Conflicts .................................................................................. 15 2.5.1 Land Scarcity .......................................................................................................... 17 II 2.5.2 Insecurity of Tenure System ................................................................................... 18 2.5.3 Normative Dissonance ............................................................................................ 19 2.5.4 Poor Land Governance and Corruption .................................................................. 19 2.5.5 Environmental Conditions ...................................................................................... 21 2.5.6 Global Land Rush ................................................................................................... 22 2.6 Impacts of Farmland Conflicts ....................................................................................... 23 2.7 Implications of Farmland Conflicts on Human Security ............................................... 25 2.7.1 Understanding Human Security .............................................................................. 26 2.7.2 Farmland Conflict, Human security Nexus ............................................................ 27 2.7.3 Environmental change and Human Security........................................................... 28 Chapter Three................................................................................................................................ 31 3 Research Methodology .......................................................................................................... 31 3.1 Methods of the Study .......................................................................................................... 31 3.2 Data Sources ................................................................................................................... 32 3.3 Tools of Data Collection ................................................................................................ 32 3.3.1 In-depth Interview ................................................................................................... 32 3.3.2 Focus Group Discussions ........................................................................................ 33 3.3.3 Key Informants Interview ....................................................................................... 33 3.3.4 Document Review ................................................................................................... 34 3.4 Sampling Technique ....................................................................................................... 34 3.5 Population, Sampling Design and Sample Size ............................................................. 34 3.5.1 Population ............................................................................................................... 34 3.5.2 Sampling Design and Sample Size ......................................................................... 35 3.6 Method of Data Analysis................................................................................................ 35 3.7 Ethical Considerations.................................................................................................... 36 Chapter Four ................................................................................................................................. 37 4 Research Findings and Discussions ....................................................................................... 37 4.1 Natures of IHCOFL in the Study Area..........................................................................
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