DOCSLIB.ORG

Oaks of Cyprus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Oaks of Cyprus Oaks of Cyprus Eike J. Jablonski LTA, Dept. Horticole, Arboretum 72, Avenue Salentiny L-9001 Ettelbruck, Luxembourg Phone: +352 691 864079 [email protected] ABSTRACT The GenGroʐora oI the iVlanG oI &ypruV VhoZV Vome remarkable IeatureV. The oakV, Zith only three inGigenouV VpecieV, are a prominent part oI the GenGrological inventory, incluGing the endemic Quercus alnifolia Poech. The three indigenouV oak taxa, together Zith a recently deVcribed Iorm oI Q. alnifolia and a recently deVcribed hybrid betZeen Q. alnifolia and Q. coccifera L. VubVp. calliprinos :ebb. Holmboe are deVcribed, and their taxonomic VtatuV diVcuVVed. Keywords: Cyprus, oaks, Mediterranean oaks, Quercus alnifolia, Quercus coccifera subsp. calliprinos, Quercus infectoria subsp. veneris, Quercus ×campitica, Quercus alnifolia var. argentea 27 Introduction &ypruV iV the third largeVt iVland oI the 0editerranean, Vituated in the eaVtern 0editerranean Sea, about 60 km 40 mileV Vouth oI the TurkiVh coaVt, and 100 km 65 mileV ZeVt oI Syria, Zith an area oI approximately 9,251 km2 (3,572 mi2 . )rom Vea level at the coaVtal belt the land riVeV to Vteep, rocky, diabaVe and Verpentine peakV at the TroodoV range Zith the higheVt peak at 2lympoV (&hioniVtra at 1,952 m (6,401 It. The climate iV typical arid 0editerranean, Zith a Vhort, cool, Zet Zinter and a long, dry, hot Vummer. :inter temperatureV in the TroodoV range can drop doZn to -10 p&14 p), Zith an average oI 10 ZeekV oI VnoZ above 1,400 m (4,000 It. 5ainIall varieV betZeen only 300 mmyear (12 in on the central plain and more than 1,100 mm (43 in on the upper VlopeV oI 2lympoV peak. ,n ancient timeV &ypruV ZaV largely covered Zith IoreVtV but today moVt oI thiV Zoodland iV long gone. 5emnantV oI it Vurvive on the TroodoV and .yrenia rangeV, Zith 18 oI the iVlandȊV vegetation being claVViʏed aV Zoodland (31 oI the land above 1,000 m3,280 It , that in Vome placeV iV replaced by tall, Vhrubby maquis (4-6 m13-20 It high: Arbutus andrachne L., Pistacia terebinthus L., Olea europaea L., 6t\ra[ ofʏcinalis L. and Quercus coccifera L. , or moVtly by Vub-Vhrubby garigue (leVV than 3 m9.9 It high: Cistus Vpp., Lithodora hispidula (Sibth. Sm. *riVeb. Genista sphacelata Decne. etc. The ʐora oI &ypruV iV remarkably diverVe, due to the varied edaphic and topographic character oI the iVland. There are 128 plant VpecieV endemic to &ypruV, including the Zell-knoZn &ypruV cedar (Cedrus brevifolia (Hook. I. A. Henry and the golden oak oI &ypruV (Q. alnifolia . The plant endemiVm rate oI the eco-region iV about 7 oI the total ʐora oI 1,750 VpecieV (::), 2007 . Human impact haV been diVaVtrouV Ior the ZoodlandV over the laVt 1,000 yearV, and today only Vmall IoreVt habitatV are leIt intact. 2ld-groZth black pine IoreVt (Pinus brutia Tenore iV Iound only in the high mountain rocky VummitV. The endemic Cedrus brevifolia IoreVt iV repreVented by only a IeZ hundred hectareV. TheVe IoreVtV oZe their exiVtence to none other than :inVton &hurchill. ,n 1907, aV 8nder Secretary oI State (and -unior 0iniVter reVponVible Ior &ypruV, he initiated a reIoreVtation program to replace the IamouV IoreVtV deVtroyed by centurieV oI Ielling that provided Iuel Ior Vmelting but alVo cauVed extenVive VyVtematic eroVion (%arton, 2002 . Figure 1/ Forest cover in Cyprus. 28 Oaks of Cyprus Native oak species of Cyprus Three VpecieV oI oak are indigenouV to &ypruV: the deciduouV Q. infectoria 2liv. VubVp. veneris (A. .ern 0eikle (Section Quercus and tZo evergreen VpecieV, Q. coccifera L. VubVp. calliprinos (Webb) Holmboe and Q. alnifolia Poech. (Section Cerris). Additionally, one poVVibly diVtinct variety oI Q. alnifolia and one rare hybrid have been obVerved. 1/ Ripening acorns of Q. infectoria subsp. veneris. Quercus infectoria 2liv. VubVp. veneris (A. .ern) 0eikle (Section Quercus) &ypruV oak, Aleppo oak: DeciduouV to Vemi-deciduouV tree, up to 18 25 m59 x 82 It (old VpecimenV oIten Zider than high Zith a Vpreading croZn and a trunk that can eaVily reach a girth oI more than 7 m23 It), bark dark grey, vertically ʏVVured on the trunk tZigV hairy Zhen young, leaveV variouVly Vhaped, up to 15 7 cm (6 2.7 in), glabrouV, Vhiny green abaxially, Vlightly tomentoVe beneath, marginV Vinuate to Vinuate-Verrate, petiole 5-30 mm (0.2-1.2 in) acorn Vhortly peduncled or VeVVile, 3-5 cm (1.2-1.6 in) long, cupule Zith adpreVVed VcaleV, encloVing one-third oI the acorn, ripening in the ʏrVt year. 1omenclatural note: Like other VpecieV oI the genuV, the taxonomy oI Q. infectoria VubVp. veneris iV Vtill controverVial and Veveral authorV do not accept the VubVpecieV epithet. %aVionym: Q. veneris A. .ern. (1904). 2Iten incorrectly reIerred to aV Q. infectoria VubVp. boissieri (5eut.) 2. SchZar] (1934), but Zith the incluVion oI Q. veneris A. .ern. (1904) at VubVpeciʏc rank Zithin thiV taxon, the name haV to be Q. infectoria VubVp. veneris due to itV priority at that rank being eVtabliVhed by Q. lusitanica VubVp. veneris (A. .ern.) Holmboe (1914) Vee ,&%1 Art 11.4 and itV Ex. 15. Some authorV reIer to Q. infectoria VubVp. boissieri (5eut.) *¼rke, but *¼rke in .. 5ichter, Plantae Europaea 2: 69 (1897) ZaV unclear aV to Zhich rank he applied the epithet, Vo hiV combination cannot be taken into account Ior purpoVeV oI priority Vee ,&%1 Art. 35.3. (Trehane, 2010). Some authorV place thiV taxon at VpecieV level becauVe it iV tree-like Zith larger, diVtinctly petiolate leaveV, and large acornV, ZhereaV Q. infectoria VubVp. infectoria iV Vhrub-like Zith Vmall leaveV, Vhort petioleV and VmalliVh acornV. ThiV VubVpecieV groZV in &ypruV, Turkey and eaVtZardV to ,ran. ,n &ypruV, it iV Iound in all diVtrictV in open Zoodland and cultivated ʏeldV Irom Vea level up to 1,700 m (5,576 It) altitude, but particularly in the ZeVtern partV oI &ypruV, in deep VoilV. A Vmall IoreVt oI Q. infectoria VubVp. veneris iV Iound near the village oI AgroV, on the VouthZeVtern VlopeV oI the TroodoV 5ange, at 1,100 m (3,608 It). Although the durable hard Zood Zould make excellent ʏre Zood or could be uVed in making toolV, the tree iV rarely cut doZn, poVVibly becauVe the Vhade caVt by their enormouV croZn ZaV important Ior the people and huVbandry (&hapman, 1945) or becauVe oI Vacred connotationV. ,n &ypruV many old, giant treeV oI thiV VpecieV are Iound, Vcattered on the iVland and oIten aV Vingle treeV or in Vmall VtandV, many oI them noZ protected aV natural monumentV. The acornV have been an important Iodder Vource Ior Vemi-Zild pigV. 29 2/ One of the many impressive Quercus infectoria subsp. veneris that can be found in Cyprus. The age of this tree is estimated at 500 years. Q. infectoria VubVp. veneris iV today overall a rare tree in the 0editerranean and only Iound in &ypruV Zithin the European 8nion. The natural VtandV oI thiV VpecieV Zere added in 2003 aV an Annex , Habitat oI &ommunity ,ntereVt under the HabitatV Directive (AnonymouV, 2006). 1atural IactorV contributing to the problemV oI Q. infectoria VubVp. veneris include poor Veed diVperVal, probably due to the abVence in the loZlandV oI the EuraVian May (Garrulus glandiarius) that normally IeedV on acornV and thuV VpreadV them accidentally. Survival oI young oakV iV alVo Meopardi]ed by drought periodV that have become more IreTuent in recent yearV (AnonymouV, 2006). TreeV groZn Irom Zild-collected provenanceV have proven their hardineVV in central WeVtern Europe (Luxembourg, *ermany). TheVe mainly deciduouV treeV groZ VloZly but Zithout maMor IroVt damage in theVe climateV Zhere Zinter temperatureV drop beloZ -20 p& (-4 p)). Quercus coccifera L. VubVp. calliprinos (Webb) Holmboe (Section Cerris) .ermeV oak: Evergreen Vhrub to Vmall tree, up to 10 7 m (33 23 It), bark grey, Vmooth Zhen young but vertically ʏVVured Zith age young tZigV Vlightly pubeVcent leaveV variable in Vhape, up to 5 2.5 cm (2 0.98 in), leathery, Vhiny light dark green above, glabrouV to Vlightly pubeVcent beloZ marginV moVtly VpinoVe-dentate, oIten undulate petiole up to 5 mm (0.2 in) acorn up to 3 1.5 cm (1.2 0.6 in), cupule up to 3 cm (1.2 in) in diameter, covered Zith looVely adpreVVed or diVtinctly recurved VcaleV, encloVing one-third to three-IourthV oI the acorn ripening the Vecond year aIter ʐoZering. 1ative alVo in Turkey, Syria and ,Vrael, the .ermeV oak iV Iound all over &ypruV Irom 100-1300 m (328-4,264 It) in maTuiV and pine IoreVtV, Iorming Vmall VtandV oI VhrubV. A IeZ giant .ermeV oakV are knoZn. The Zood ZaV uVed Ior Iuel, the acornV Ior pig Iodder. Q. coccifera VubVp. calliprinos iV hoVt to the inVect reVponVible Ior carmine Vcale, Coccus ilicis Planch. (Hemiptera: Coccoidae: Dactylopididae) the larvae appear aV red 30 Oaks of Cyprus berrieV on tZigV and leaveV. A red dye ZaV obtained Irom it in the paVt, and gave the VpecieV itV name (coccus coccineus: red berry). Like in other VpecieV oI the genuV, the taxonomy oI Q. coccifera iV Vtill controverVial and Veveral authorV do not accept the propoVed VubVpecieV. 8ntil there iV a modern reviVion oI the VpecieV complex, it VeemV ZiVe to accept the Vplitting and accept VubVp. calliprinos, the eaVtern, more tree-like Iorm oI Q. coccifera. Quercus alnifolia Poech (Q. infectoria Gaud., Q. cypria -aub. Spach, Q. ilex Sibth.) (Section Cerris) golden oak oI &ypruV: Evergreen Vhrub to Vmall tree, up to 10 5 m (33 16.4 It), bark grey, Vmooth Zhen young and vertically ʏVVured Zith age young tZigV at ʏrVt denVely grey tomentoVe leaveV thick and leathery, Vlightly convex, ovate, oblong, obovate or Vuborbicular, up to 6(-10) 5(-8) cm2.3(-3.9) 2(-3.1) in, dark Vhiny green and glabrouV above, beloZ denVely golden to broZn or greeniVh tomentoVe (rarely Vilvery-grey) Zhen young, turning dark broZn or nearly black Zith age marginV dentate or lobulate tomentoVe petiole 6-12 mm (0.23-0.47 in) acorn narroZly obovate or Vubcylindical, up to 4 1.2 cm (1.6 0.47 in), cupule encloVing one-Vixth to one-Tuarter oI the acorn, covered Zith Vtrongly recurved, linear VcaleV acorn ripening the ʏrVt year.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Spotlight: Chinese Pistache (Pistacia Chinensis)
    Fall 2019 Finally Fall! Planting and Pruning Time! If you are done with the heat of summer, fall is just around the corner. Cooler temperatures offer a great opportunity to gardeners. Fall is the best season to plant trees around your landscape, and it is the best season for vegetable gardens in El Paso. Why? Our fall temperatures are warm with little chance of frost, and we still have many sunshine hours to help vegetables grow. Fall is also the best time to start cleaning up the yard. Once trees lose their leaves, it is the best time to prune. Let us look at some fall tips for the yard to get ready for winter and to save water. Spotlight: Chinese Pistache (Pistacia chinensis) A great double duty tree for El Paso is the Chinese Pistache, this deciduous tree not only provides most needed shade in the summer, but it pops with striking fall color ranging from red to orange in the fall. Description Deciduous tree with rounded crown 40' x 35' Photo courtesy: elpasodesertblooms.org. Leaves have 10-16 leaflets Striking fall coloring arrives in shades of reds and orange Dense shade tree Red fruit on female trees Native to China and the Philippines Don't miss the latest conservation tips from EPWater and events taking place at the TecH 2 O Learning Center ! Click the button below to subscribe to Conservation Currents. Subscribe Share this email: Manage your preferences | Opt out using TrueRemove® Got this as a forward? Sign up to receive our future emails. View this email online .
    [Show full text]
  • Trees for Alkaline Soil Greg Paige, Arboretum Curator
    RESEARCH LABORATORY TECHNICAL REPORT Trees for Alkaline Soil Greg Paige, Arboretum Curator Common name Scientific name Common name Scientific name Amur maple Acer ginnala Norway spruce Picea abies Hedge maple Acer campestre Serbian spruce Picea omorika Norway maple Acer platanoides Lacebark pine Pinus bungeana Paperbark maple Acer griseum Limber pine Pinus flexilis Tatarian maple Acer tatarian London plane tree Platanus x acerifolia European hornbeam Carpinus betulus Callery pear Pyrus calleryana Atlas cedar Cedrus atlantica (use cultivars) Cedar of Lebanon Cedrus libani Shingle oak Quercus imbricaria Deodar cedar Cedrus deodora Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa Hackberry Celtis occidentalis English oak Quercus robur Yellowwood Cladrastis lutea Littleleaf linden Tilia cordata Corneliancherry dogwood Cornus mas Silver linden Tilia tomentosa Cockspur hawthorn Crataegus crus-galli Lacebark elm Ulmus parvifolia Washington hawthorn Crataegus Japanese zelkova Zelkova serrata phaenopyrum Leyland cypress x Cupressocyparis leylandii Hardy rubber tree Eucommia ulmoides Green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Founded in 1926, The Bartlett Tree Research Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba Laboratories is the research wing of Bartlett Tree Thornless honeylocust Gleditsia triacanthos ‘inermis’ Experts. Scientists here develop guidelines for all of Kentucky coffeetree Gymnocladus dioicus the Company’s services. The Lab also houses a state- Goldenraintree Koelreuteria of-the-art plant diagnostic clinic and provides vital paniculata technical support to Bartlett arborists and field staff Amur maackia Maackia amurensis for the benefit of our clients. Crabapple Malus spp. Parrotia/Persian ironwood Parrotia persica Amur cork tree Phellodendron amurense Page 1 of 1 .
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Atmospheric Pollen Grains in Dursunbey (Balikesir), Turkey
    http://dergipark.gov.tr/trkjnat Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, 19(2): 137-146, 2018 ISSN 2147-0294, e-ISSN 2528-9691 Research Article DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.402912 ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLEN GRAINS IN DURSUNBEY (BALIKESİR), TURKEY Hanife AKYALÇIN1, Aycan TOSUNOĞLU2*, Adem BIÇAKÇI2 1 18 Mart University, Faculty of Science & Arts, Department of Biology, Çanakkale, TURKEY 2 Uludağ University, Faculty of Science & Arts, Department of Biology, Bursa, TURKEY ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2303-672X *Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected] Cite this article as: Akyalçın H., Tosunoğlu A. & Bıçakçı A. 2018. Analysis of Atmospheric Pollen Grains in Dursunbey (Balıkesir), Turkey. Trakya Univ J Nat Sci, 19(2): 137-146, DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.402912 Received: 07 March 2018, Accepted: 03 September 2018, Online First: 11 September 2018, Published: 15 October 2018 Abstract: In this study, airborne pollen grains in the atmosphere of Dursunbey (Balıkesir, Turkey) were collected using a gravimetric method. The pollen grains were investigated by light microscopy and a total of 6265 pollen grains per cm2 were counted. 42 different pollen types were identified of which 24 belonged to the arboreal plants (86.17% of the annual pollen index) and 18 to non-arboreal plants (13.16% of the annual pollen index). A small portion of the pollens (42 grains, 0.67%) were not identified. The most frequent pollen types, which constituted more than 1% of annual pollen count were regarded as the predominating pollen types for the region. The predominating group was determined to be consisted of pollens of Pinus L.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is a Tree in the Mediterranean Basin Hotspot? a Critical Analysis
    Médail et al. Forest Ecosystems (2019) 6:17 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-019-0170-6 RESEARCH Open Access What is a tree in the Mediterranean Basin hotspot? A critical analysis Frédéric Médail1* , Anne-Christine Monnet1, Daniel Pavon1, Toni Nikolic2, Panayotis Dimopoulos3, Gianluigi Bacchetta4, Juan Arroyo5, Zoltán Barina6, Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh7, Gianniantonio Domina8, Bruno Fady9, Vlado Matevski10, Stephen Mifsud11 and Agathe Leriche1 Abstract Background: Tree species represent 20% of the vascular plant species worldwide and they play a crucial role in the global functioning of the biosphere. The Mediterranean Basin is one of the 36 world biodiversity hotspots, and it is estimated that forests covered 82% of the landscape before the first human impacts, thousands of years ago. However, the spatial distribution of the Mediterranean biodiversity is still imperfectly known, and a focus on tree species constitutes a key issue for understanding forest functioning and develop conservation strategies. Methods: We provide the first comprehensive checklist of all native tree taxa (species and subspecies) present in the Mediterranean-European region (from Portugal to Cyprus). We identified some cases of woody species difficult to categorize as trees that we further called “cryptic trees”. We collected the occurrences of tree taxa by “administrative regions”, i.e. country or large island, and by biogeographical provinces. We studied the species-area relationship, and evaluated the conservation issues for threatened taxa following IUCN criteria. Results: We identified 245 tree taxa that included 210 species and 35 subspecies, belonging to 33 families and 64 genera. It included 46 endemic tree taxa (30 species and 16 subspecies), mainly distributed within a single biogeographical unit.
    [Show full text]
  • Review Article Five Pistacia Species (P. Vera, P. Atlantica, P. Terebinthus, P
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation The Scientific World Journal Volume 2013, Article ID 219815, 33 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/219815 Review Article Five Pistacia species (P. vera, P. atlantica, P. terebinthus, P. khinjuk,andP. lentiscus): A Review of Their Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology Mahbubeh Bozorgi,1 Zahra Memariani,1 Masumeh Mobli,1 Mohammad Hossein Salehi Surmaghi,1,2 Mohammad Reza Shams-Ardekani,1,2 and Roja Rahimi1 1 Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417653761, Iran 2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Roja Rahimi; [email protected] Received 1 August 2013; Accepted 21 August 2013 Academic Editors: U. Feller and T. Hatano Copyright © 2013 Mahbubeh Bozorgi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Pistacia, a genus of flowering plants from the family Anacardiaceae, contains about twenty species, among them five are more popular including P. vera, P. atlantica, P. terebinthus, P. khinjuk, and P. l e nti s c u s . Different parts of these species have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes like tonic, aphrodisiac, antiseptic, antihypertensive and management of dental, gastrointestinal, liver, urinary tract, and respiratory tract disorders. Scientific findings also revealed the wide pharmacological activities from various parts of these species, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antidiabetic, antitumor, antihyperlipidemic, antiatherosclerotic, and hepatoprotective activities and also their beneficial effects in gastrointestinal disorders.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes Oak News
    THE NEWSLETTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL OAK SOCIETY&, VOLUME 16, NO. 1, WINTER 2012 Greek OakOak Open Days: News September 26 - October Notes 2, 2011 From the 21st century CE to the 2nd century—BCE! The next morning early we met our large tour bus and its charming and skillful driver, Grigoris, who hails from the mountain village of Gardiki not far from here. We did a bit of leisurely botanizing before we reached Perdika, our first destination of the day. There are two reasons to visit Perdika: one is the Karavostasi beach, a curving strand with golden sand, and the archaeological site of Dymokastron, a Hellenis- tic mountain-top town reached by a steep hike. The view of the beach far below was beautiful, as it must have been when the town was still inhabited. The town was destroyed in 167 BCE by a Roman army, along with most of the other towns in the vicinity, all allied with Rome’s enemy, Macedonia. The site is under active excavation, and we were able to admire the remnants of protective walls (how in the world did they get those big stones up there?), building foundations, and cisterns, which were certainly needed in case of a prolonged siege, Some members of the IOS Greek tour relaxing under the plane tree in the which Dymocastron must have experienced more than once. village square. Vitsa, Epirus, Greece. (Photo: Gert Dessoy) The site also has many living trees, including wild pears (Py- rus spinosa Vill., also known as P. amygdaliformis Vill.) and uring this early autumn week of incomparable weather, figs (Ficus carica L.) which appear to be descendants of wild Dtwelve members of the IOS, and three others who were native trees selected by the original inhabitants, as well as guests, enjoyed a truly memorable time in northern Greece.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of Vertical and Horizontal Forest Structure in Northern Zagros Forest (Case Study: West of Iran, Oak Forest)
    Available online a t www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2013, 3(1):268-278 ISSN: 2248 –9215 CODEN (USA): EJEBAU Study of vertical and horizontal forest structure in Northern Zagros Forest (Case study: West of Iran, Oak forest) Maziar Haidari*1, Manocher Namiranian 2, Loghman Gahramani 3 and Mahmoud Zobeiri 2 and Naghi Shabanian 3 1Department of Forestry, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran 2Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R.Iran 3Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, I.R.Iran. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Structure includes vertical (number of tree layers) and horizontal features. To study of forest structure in the Northern Zagros forest, Blake forest in Baneeh region, Kurdistan province in west of Iran was selected. In Blake forest 10 square sample plots one hectare (100×100 m) were selected and in each sample plot this information include: position of tree, kind of species, diameter at breast height (cm), height (m), crown height (m) and two diameters of crown were recorded. Vertical and horizontal of this forest showed in the one sample (50×50 m, 0.25 hectare). To study of vertical structure study of distribution of tree and species in the height and diameter classes (height in three and diameter in the 5 cm classes). To analysis of horizontal structure (spatial pattern), used quadrat method, variance/mean ratio, Green and Morisata index.Data analyzing was done bySPSS16, SVS and Ecological Methodological software’s. results showed that the mean of forest characteristics including DBH, height, crown height, andcrown area, canopy density and density, 28.5 (±4.5), 6.2 (± 0.9), 4.2 (±0.58), 7.1 (±1.01), 21.3 (±2.5) and 301 (±9)were existed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Oak Trees (Fagaceae: Quercus Spp.) in Israel
    ISRAEL JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, Vol. 43, 2013, pp. 95-124 The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of oak trees (Fagaceae: Quercus spp.) in Israel MALKIE SPODEK1,2, YAIR BEN-DOV1 AND ZVI MENDEL1 1Department of Entomology, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, POB 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel 2Department of Entomology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of four species of oaks (Fagaceae: Quercus) in Israel namely, Q. boissieri, Q. calliprinos, Q. ithaburensis, and Q. look were collected and identified from natural forest stands during the period 2010-2013. A total of twenty-seven species were determined from nine scale insect families: Asterolecaniidae (3 species), Coccidae (3), Di- aspididae (7), Eriococcidae (3), Kermesidae (6), Kuwaniidae (1), Mono- phlebidae (1), Pseudococcidae (2), and Putoidae (1). Six of these species represent new records for Israel and five are identified to the genus level. Kuwaniidae is a new family record for Israel. Species that were previously collected or recorded on oaks in Israel are listed and discussed. Information is given about host trees and global distribution. The majority of the spe- cies reported here are monophagous or stenophagous and they appear to be non-pestiferous to the oak trees in Israel. General traits that describe each scale insect family in the field are provided, together with an identification key to aid in the determination of slide-mounted specimens into families represented in this study. KEY WORDS: Scale insect, Coccoidea, oak trees, Quercus, forest, survey, monophagous, univoltine, Mediterranean, Israel INTRODUCTION The genus Quercus (Fagaceae) has a rich and diverse arthropod fauna associated with it (Southwood, 1961; Southwood et al., 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Quercus ×Coutinhoi Samp. Discovered in Australia Charlie Buttigieg
    XXX International Oaks The Journal of the International Oak Society …the hybrid oak that time forgot, oak-rod baskets, pros and cons of grafting… Issue No. 25/ 2014 / ISSN 1941-2061 1 International Oaks The Journal of the International Oak Society … the hybrid oak that time forgot, oak-rod baskets, pros and cons of grafting… Issue No. 25/ 2014 / ISSN 1941-2061 International Oak Society Officers and Board of Directors 2012-2015 Officers President Béatrice Chassé (France) Vice-President Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven (Belgium) Secretary Gert Fortgens (The Netherlands) Treasurer James E. Hitz (USA) Board of Directors Editorial Committee Membership Director Chairman Emily Griswold (USA) Béatrice Chassé Tour Director Members Shaun Haddock (France) Roderick Cameron International Oaks Allen Coombes Editor Béatrice Chassé Shaun Haddock Co-Editor Allen Coombes (Mexico) Eike Jablonski (Luxemburg) Oak News & Notes Ryan Russell Editor Ryan Russell (USA) Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven International Editor Roderick Cameron (Uruguay) Website Administrator Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven For contributions to International Oaks contact Béatrice Chassé [email protected] or [email protected] 0033553621353 Les Pouyouleix 24800 St.-Jory-de-Chalais France Author’s guidelines for submissions can be found at http://www.internationaloaksociety.org/content/author-guidelines-journal-ios © 2014 International Oak Society Text, figures, and photographs © of individual authors and photographers. Graphic design: Marie-Paule Thuaud / www.lecentrecreatifducoin.com Photos. Cover: Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven (Quercus macrocalyx Hickel & A. Camus); p. 6: Charles Snyers d’Attenhoven (Q. oxyodon Miq.); p. 7: Béatrice Chassé (Q. acerifolia (E.J. Palmer) Stoynoff & W. J. Hess); p. 9: Eike Jablonski (Q. ithaburensis subsp.
    [Show full text]
  • Cedrus Atlantica 'Glauca'
    Fact Sheet ST-133 November 1993 Cedrus atlantica ‘Glauca’ Blue Atlas Cedar1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION A handsome evergreen with blue, bluish-green or light green foliage, ‘Glauca’ Atlas Cedar is perfect for specimen planting where it can grow without being crowded since the tree looks its best when branches are left on the tree to the ground (Fig. 1). This shows off the wonderful irregular, open pyramidal form with lower branches spreading about half the height. It grows rapidly when young, then slowly, reaching 40 to 60 feet tall by 30 to 40 feet wide. The trunk stays fairly straight with lateral branches nearly horizontal. Allow plenty of room for these trees to spread. They are best located as a lawn specimen away from walks, streets, and sidewalks so branches will not have to be pruned. It looks odd if lower branches are removed. Older trees become flat-topped and are a beautiful sight to behold. GENERAL INFORMATION Scientific name: Cedrus atlantica ‘Glauca’ Pronunciation: SEE-drus at-LAN-tih-kuh Common name(s): Blue Atlas Cedar Family: Pinaceae USDA hardiness zones: 6 through 8 (Fig. 2) Origin: not native to North America Uses: Bonsai; specimen Availability: generally available in many areas within Figure 1. Young Blue Atlas Cedar. its hardiness range DESCRIPTION Height: 40 to 60 feet Spread: 25 to 40 feet Crown uniformity: irregular outline or silhouette 1. This document is adapted from Fact Sheet ST-133, a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida.
    [Show full text]
  • Exotic Pine Species for Georgia Dr
    Exotic Pine Species For Georgia Dr. Kim D. Coder, Professor of Tree Biology & Health Care, Warnell School, UGA Our native pines are wonderful and interesting to have in landscapes, along streets, in yards, and for plantation use. But our native pine species could be enriched by planting selected exotic pine species, both from other parts of the United States and from around the world. Exotic pines are more difficult to grow and sustain here in Georgia than native pines. Some people like to test and experiment with planting exotic pines. Pride of the Conifers Pines are in one of six families within the conifers (Pinales). The conifers are divided into roughly 50 genera and more than 500 species. Figure 1. Conifer families include pine (Pinaceae) and cypress (Cupressaceae) of the Northern Hemisphere, and podocarp (Podocarpaceae) and araucaria (Araucariaceae) of the Southern Hemisphere. The Cephalotaxaceae (plum-yew) and Sciadopityaceae (umbrella-pine) families are much less common. Members from all these conifer families can be found as ornamental and specimen trees in yards around the world, governed only by climatic and pest constraints. Family & Friends The pine family (Pinaceae) has many genera (~9) and many species (~211). Most common of the genera includes fir (Abies), cedar (Cedrus), larch (Larix), spruce (Picea), pine (Pinus), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga), and hemlock (Tsuga). Of these genera, pines and hemlocks are native to Georgia. The pine genus (Pinus) contains the true pines. Pines (Pinus species) are found around the world almost entirely in the Northern Hemisphere. They live in many different places under highly variable conditions. Pines have been a historic foundation for industrial development and wealth building.
    [Show full text]
  • Liste Plantes
    Plantes Quantité Acacia angustissima (Fabaceae) Acacia farnesiana Acacia greggii Acanthophyllum pungens (Caryophyllaceae) Acanthus hirsurtus subsp.syriacus (Acanthaceae) Acanthus mollis Acanthus spinosus Acanthus spinosus subsp.spinosissimus Adenocarpus decorticans (Fabaceae) Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae) Agave parryi var. truncata (Agavaceae) Aloysia gratissima (Verbenaceae) Amygdalus orientalis (Rosaceae) Anisacanthus quadrifidus subsp. wrightii (Acanthaceae) Anisacanthus thurberii Anthirrhinum charidemi (Plantaginaceae) Anthyllis hermanniae (Fabaceae) Aphyllanthes monspeliensis (Liliaceae) Arbutus andrachne (Ericaceae) Arbutus menziesii Arbutus unedo Arbutus x andrachnoïdes Arbutus x thuretiana Arbutus xalapensis subsp. texana Arbutus-xalapensis-subsp. -arizonica Arctostaphylos (Ericaceae) Arctostaphylos canescens subsp. canescens Arctostaphylos glandulosa subsp. glandulosa Arctostaphylos glauca Arctostaphylos manzanita Arctostaphylos pringlei subsp. pringlei Arctostaphylos pungens Argania spinosa (Sapotaceae) Argyrocytisus battandieri ( Leguminosae) Aristolochia baetica ( Aristolochiaceae) Aristolochia californica Aristolochia chilensis Aristolochia parvifolia Aristolochia pistolochia Aristolochia rotunda Aristolochia sempervirens Artemisia alba (Compositae) Artemisia alba var. canescens Artemisia arborescens Artemisia caerulescens subsp. gallica Artemisia californica Artemisia cana Artemisia cana subsp. bolanderi Artemisia herba-alba Artemisia tridentata subsp. nova Artemisia tridentata subsp. tridentata Artemisia tridentata
    [Show full text]