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MAY 2010 | Vol. 28, No. 5 | baptiststoday.org $3.95 VVaanniisshhiinngg AAppppaallaacchhiiaa Biillll Leonard llooks at Barbara Brown Tayllor’’s diisappearriing faiith tradiitiions ‘‘naturall wiisdom’’ page 4 page 7 MAY 2010 | Vol. 28 No. 5 John D. Pierce Baptists Today serves churches by providing a reliable source of Executive Editor [email protected] unrestricted news coverage, thoughtful analysis and inspiring Jackie B. Riley features focusing on issues of importance to Baptist Christians. Managing Editor An autonomous national [email protected] Baptist news journal Keithen M. Tucker Development and Marketing Director [email protected] PERSPECTIVES Tony W. Cartledge Covenants Contributing Editor > Do critics of the President get a pass on judging hearts? ........9 [email protected] 10 vs. contracts By John Pierce Bruce T. Gourley By Les Robinson Online Editor [email protected] > The ‘natural inclusion’ of religion ............................................18 By Martin E. Marty Vickie Frayne Art Director Jannie T. Lister Connie Pursiful Office Assistant Circulation Assistant IN THE NEWS Walker Knight Jack U. Harwell Publisher Emeritus Editor Emeritus > Sherman calls for remembering past, growing ......................12 Board of Directors for the future Gary F. Eubanks, Marietta, Ga. (chairman) Kelly L. Belcher, Spartanburg, S.C. (vice chair) > Bruce Gourley leads Baptist History ........................................13 Z. Allen Abbott, Peachtree City, Ga. and Heritage Society Jimmy R. Allen, Big Canoe, Ga. Nannette Avery, Signal Mountain, Tenn. Ann T. Beane, Richmond, Va. > New hymnal already in second printing ..................................14 Thomas E. Boland, Alpharetta, Ga. Huey Bridgman, Columbus, Ga. > Obama’s council report deemed partial victory ......................16 Mary Jane Cardwell, Waycross, Ga. Robert Cates, Rome, Ga. for church-state separation Kenny Crump, Ruston, La. Cover photo by John Pierce. David Currie, San Angelo, Texas > Chair Melissa Rogers talks about Advisory Council’s ............17 James M. Dunn, Winston-Salem, N.C. Sweetens Cove Primitive R. Kirby Godsey, Macon, Ga. report to the President Baptist Church in Marion William B. Greenhaw, Macon, Ga. County, Tenn. Leslie D. Hill, Lexington, Ky. > Pat Anderson to edit ethics journal ..........................................24 Michael M. Massar, Tyler, Texas Page 4 J. Thomas McAfee, Macon, Ga. William T. Neal, Stone Mountain, Ga. > Baptist blogger, Michael Spencer, dead at 53 ..........................38 Ella Wall Prichard, Corpus Christi, Texas Michael G. Queen, Wilmington, N.C. > Creationism critic wins Templeton prize ..................................39 Mary Etta Sanders, Dalton, Ga. Charles Schaible, Macon, Ga. Macon Sheppard, Folly Beach, S.C. Walter B. Shurden, Macon, Ga. 30 Charlotte Cook Smith, Raleigh, N.C. FEATURES David M. Smith, Houston, Texas Leo Thorne, Valley Forge, Pa. > Morgan Nelson always the seeker ..........................................31 Sarah Timmerman, Cairo, Ga. By Judy Lunsford Clement H. White, St. Petersburg, Fla. Winnie V. Williams, Seneca, S.C. Advocates > Diana Butler Bass looks at what does and ..............................32 Mary Jayne Allen, Chattanooga, Tenn. doesn’t work in churches Randy L. Hyde, Little Rock, Ark. By John Pierce Sherry McGlaughlin, Liberty, Mo. David Woody, Daniel Island, S.C. Baptists Today (ISSN 1072-7787) > Writer traces love of God and neighbor through history ........35 is published monthly by: By Walter B. Shurden Baptists Today P.O. Box 6318 Macon, GA 31208-6318 > A conversation with N.T. Wright about character ....................36 To subscribe or place By Cathleen Falsani an advertisement, call 478-301-5655 or > God in a box? ............................................................................37 Churches wrestle toll-free 1-877-752-5658. 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Bible Studies 19 Reblog 29 May 2010 • Baptists Today | 3 FEATURE STORY AND PHOTOS BY JOHN PIERCE Vanishing Appalachia Bill Leonard explores disappearing mountain culture ATHENS, Ga. — Literally and figuratively, the mountains of Appalachia are disappearing, Baptist historian Bill Leonard, dean of the Wake Forest Divinity School, told participants in a February conference in Athens, Ga., sponsored by Piedmont College. hrough mountaintop removal tech - unique social and religious culture is fading “ niques, mountains formed over five away as well due to mass communication and T million years ago have vanished the influx of newcomers. from the face of the earth, their non-coal con - Baptists have long been a significant part tents tossed into valleys, creek beds and of this culture, he noted. hollows with devastating effect,” he said. “Primitive Baptist meetinghouses abound “… Over 500 mountains from Kentucky, West in Appalachia, many used only monthly or Virginia and Virginia have disappeared from quarterly, located off the beaten path where the face of the earth, never to return.” state or county roads turn to gravel, and not But the physical destruction is just part of far from creeks or other natural baptismal what is threatening Appalachia, he said. A pools,” said Leonard. Photo by David Price/Piedmont College 4 | Baptists Today • May 2010 FEATURE However, Primitive Baptists “don’t trou - “Pressing their Calvinism to its logical affiliated churches, while at the same time ble the baptismal waters like they used to,” — or illogical — conclusion, the Primitive providing storefront locales for upstart congre - said Leonard. “Long a minority, their number, Baptist Universalists insist that Christ’s atone - gations, like a charismatic community called like their faith-based culture, is dropping like a ment is so powerful that it will ultimately save ‘God’s Filling Station.’” stone.” everyone,” said Leonard. “The ‘elect’ are the As Deborah McCauley expressed in her While Primitive Baptists are found witnesses in this world that salvation will monumental study of Appalachian religion, throughout the U.S., Leonard noted that they ultimately overtake all persons.” Leonard suggested that “mountain religion” have long been counted among the mountain Leonard said the “No Hellers’ — as they should not be confused with “Southern reli - churches of the Appalachian region — and are often but mistakenly called — “insist that gion” or the condescending “religion of the distinguished by their unique beliefs and it is hell enough down here.” poor.” He affirmed McCauley’s conclusion practices. Pentecostal-Holiness groups have also had that “the mountainous terrain … has had For example: Primitive Baptists are strict a strong presence in Appalachian culture since enormous impact on its character, its texture, Calvinists who often say they are “hopefully the early 20th century, said Leonard. Their and its religious values.” saved” since too much assurance would show a doctrinal emphasis has been on free will and Since her study 20 years ago, the moun - false security for one who believes the process Holy Ghost baptism — expressed in speaking tain culture has been disappearing quickly, said is completed by a Sovereign God rather than in tongues, healing, casting out demons, and Leonard — “hit hard by demographics, mass by human response. (for some) handling serpents and drinking culture, and the destruction of the very moun - Also, Primitives reject Sunday schools, poison. tains that gave religion its identity.” Likewise, revivals, evangelism, theological education and Holiness behavior is evident in strict dress denominational churches are feeling the same mission endeavors, said Leonard. And, gener - codes and rejection of “worldliness,” he said. challenges of religious pluralism, he added. ally, mountain Primitive Baptists are not taken “Those who break the to paid, educated clergy. holiness codes are often “We don’t believe in an educated min - disciplined, excommuni - istry,” Leonard quoted one Primitive Baptist cated or ‘churched’ in as saying. “We saw what it did to the hopes that they may soon Presbyterians.” repent.” Primitive Baptists share much dogma Mountain with their mountain neighbors, Old Regular Pentecostal-Holiness Baptists, who have slightly modified preachers transcend the Calvinism, said Leonard. Both groups practice “holy whine” of Primitive same-sex foot washing — a third sacrament to Baptists with their “suck- baptism and the Lord’s Supper — as a sign of and-blow” cadence, love for one another. Leonard noted. And music Some Primitives, he noted, ferment their can vary from “bluesy own wine for Communion and consider total Gospel to quartet har - abstinence from alcohol to be liberal and mony where drums and unbiblical. Leonard quoted Primitive Baptist guitars are standard litur - John G. Crowley of Georgia, saying that the gical equipment.” Southern Baptist and Methodist “use of grape Leonard noted that Missionary, Free Will juice in Communion was quite appropriate and Independent Baptists — along with Free since their doctrines bore the same resem - Methodists, Nazarenes