Trilobites and Brachiopods

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Geol G308 Paleontology and Geology of Indiana Name: ____________________________________ Lab 6 Brachiopods and trilobites Brachiopoda Classification Phylum Brachiopoda (Cambrian to recent) Class Inarticulata (Cambrian to recent) Shell articulation usually absent Shells of apatite, calcite or aragonite Order Lingulida (Cambrian to recent) Valves binconvex and circular, triangular, or elongate Beaks marginal Pedicle groove Shell of calcium phosphate and chitin Class Articulata (Cambrian to recent) Articulated shell with ventral teeth and dorsal sockets Muscle scars near midline of valve Shells of calcite Order Orthida (Cambrian to Permian) Simple shells Strong hinge-line Mildly convex valves Pedicle foramen Often with fine radial ridges Order Strophomenida (Ordovician to Triassic) Distinctive appearance Usually have concave dorsal valve which creates saucer-like or cup-like appearance Order Pentamerida (Cambrian to Devonian) Usually with strongly convex shells Often smooth externally Conspicuous internal platforms for muscle scars Order Rhynchonellida (Ordovician to recent) Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 1 Strongly convex shells No apparent hinge-line on posterior margin Usually lack internal platforms for muscle scars Usually have strong radial ridges Order Atrypida (Ordovician to Devonian) Similar to rhychonellides but with a complex, spirally coiled brachidium Order Spiriferida (Ordovician to Jurassic) Broad hinge-line Spiraled brachidium Order Terebratulida (Carboniferous to recent) Similar externally to atrypides Brachidium less complex than atrypides Trilobita Phylum Arthropoda (Cambrian to recent) Class Trilobita (Cambrian to Permian) Arthropods with cephalon, thorax, and pygidium Prominent elevation lengthwise along middle of back that produces three-lobed appearance Order Polymerida Small to large size Variable sized pygidium Five or more thoracic segments Pygidium often segmented Order Agnostida Small Eyeless Two thoracic segments Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 2 Assignment 1. Brachiopoda. Genus Hinge-line widest Fold and sulcus Pedicle opening Order point of shell? well developed? present? 2. Trilobita. Specimen Number of segments Pre-glabellar field? Pygidium small, medium, or large? Department of Geological Sciences | P. David Polly 3 .

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