DOCSLIB.ORG

Molecular Phylogenetic Studies of the Genus Brugia Hong Xie Yale Medical School

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Molecular Phylogenetic Studies of the Genus Brugia Hong Xie Yale Medical School Smith ScholarWorks Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications Biological Sciences 1994 Molecular Phylogenetic Studies of the Genus Brugia Hong Xie Yale Medical School O. Bain Biologie Parasitaire, Protistologie, Helminthologie, Museum d’Histoire Naturelle Steven A. Williams Smith College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.smith.edu/bio_facpubs Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Xie, Hong; Bain, O.; and Williams, Steven A., "Molecular Phylogenetic Studies of the Genus Brugia" (1994). Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications, Smith College, Northampton, MA. https://scholarworks.smith.edu/bio_facpubs/37 This Article has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Smith ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected] Article available at http://www.parasite-journal.org or http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1994013255 MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC STUDIES ON BRUGIA FILARIAE USING HHA I REPEAT SEQUENCES XIE H.*, BAIN 0.** and WILLIAMS S. A.*,*** Summary : Résumé : ETUDES PHYLOGÉNÉTIQUES MOLÉCULAIRES DES FILAIRES DU GENRE BRUGIA À L'AIDE DE: LA SÉQUENCE RÉPÉTÉE HHA I This paper is the first molecular phylogenetic study on Brugia para• sites (family Onchocercidae) which includes 6 of the 10 species Cet article est la première étude plylogénétique moléculaire sur les of this genus : B. beaveri Ash et Little, 1964; B. buckleyi filaires du genre Brugia (Onchocercidae); elle inclut six des 10 Dissanaike et Paramananthan, 1961 ; B. malayi (Brug,1927) espèces du genre : B. beaveri Ash et Little, 1964; B. buckleyi Buckley, 1960 ; B. pohangi, (Buckley et Edeson, 1956) Buckley, Dissanaike et Paramananthan, 1961; B. malayi (Brug, 1927) 1960; B. patei (Buckley, Nelson et Heisch,1958) Buckley, 1960 Buckley, 1960; B. pahangi (Buckley et Edeson, 1956) Buckley, and B. limori Partono et al., 1977. Hha I repeat sequences are I960; B. patei (Buckley, Nelson et Heisch, 1958) Buckley, I960 322 nucleotides long, highly repeated, tandemly arranged and et B. timori Partono et al., 1977. Les répétitions HHA / sont longues unique to the nuclear genomes of the genus Brugia. Hha I repeat de 322 nucléotides, hautement répétées, arrangées en copies sequence data was collected by PCR, cloning and dideoxy directes et propres aux génomes nucléaires des espèces du genre sequencing. The Hha I repeat sequences were aligned and analy• Brugia. Les répétitions HHA / ont été amplifiées par PCR, clonées et zed by maximum parsimony algorithms, distance methods and séquencées. Les séquences obtenues ont été alignées puis leur phy- maximum likelihood methods to construct phylogenetic trees. logénie reconstruite par les méthodes de parcimonie, de distance et Bootstrap analysis was used to test the robustness of the different de vraisemblance. Des analyses de bootstrap ont été utilisées pour phylogenetic reconstructions. The data indicated that the Hha I tester la robustesse des différentes reconstructions phylogénétiques. repeat sequences are highly conserved within species yet differ Les données indiquent que les séquences de la répétition HHA / sont significantly between species. The various tree-building methods fortement conservées dans une même espèce alors qu'elles diffèrent gave identical results. Bootstrap analyses on the Hha I repeat significativement d'une espèce à l'autre. Les différents arbres sequence data set identified at least two clades : the B. pahangi- construits par les trois méthodes ont donné des résultats identiques. B. beaveri clade and the B. malayi-B.timori-B. buckleyi clade; the Les analyses de bootstrap de l'ensemble des séquences de la répéti• first clade includes parasites of carnivores from Asia and America; tion HHA / ont révélé au moins deux clades: le clade B. pahangi-B. the second includes species from primates and lagomorphs from beaveri, et le clade B. malayi-B.timori-B. buckleyi ; te premier clade Asiatic region. It was also noted that the Hha I repeat sequences groupe deux espèces parasites de carnivores, d'Asie et d'Amérique; obtained from B. malayi were identical to those obtained from B. le deuxième des espèces de primates et de lagomorphes de région timori, indicating very recent speciation. asiatique. Il est à noter que la séquence de la répétition HHA / de B. malayi est identique à celle obtenue pour B . timori, ce qui sug• gère une spéciation très récente. KEY WORDS : evolution, phylogenelics. PCR. molecular cloning. Hha I MOTS CLES : évolution, phylogenèse. PCR. clonage moléculaire, répé• repeats. Brugia malayi B. pahangi. B. beaveri. B. timori. B. patei. B. buck• titions HHA /. Brugia malayi. B. pahangi. B. beaveri. B. timori. B. leyi. patei. B. buckleyi. (Buckley, Nelson and Heisch, 1958) Buckley, 1960 here are ten species in the genus Brugia, six and B. timori Partono et al., 1977. The morphology of which were available for study in this and biology of the Brugia species are relatively well paper : B. beaveri Ash and Little, 1964; B. T known, but the phylogenetic relationships among buckleyi Dissanaike and Paramananthan. 1961: B. them are yet to be understood. It is important to malayi (Brug, 1927) Buckley, 1960; B. pahangi understand the evolutionary relationships of the (Buckley and Edeson, 1956) Buckley, 1960; B. patei various filarial parasites, since this knowledge can help parasitologists in the design of model systems * Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Amherst. MA 01003, USA. for species that are difficult to maintain in the labora­ ** Biologic Parasitaire, Protistologie, Helminthologie, CNRS-URA tory. Furthermore, this study may provide data for 114, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 61 rue Buffon. 75231 Paris morphologists (who base their classification systems Cedex 05, France entirely on parasite morphology) with a new means *** Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, to reference their own conclusions. It is very difficult MA 01063. LISA. Corresponding author : Dr. Hong Xie's current address : even for morphologists to identify the different spe­ Vale University School of Medicine. 100 York Street. #4A, New cies of Brugia at the infective stage (L3 larvae). To Haven. CT 06511, USA. resolve fine taxonomical distinctions at the DNA Fax : 203-732-2812; Phone : 203-785-4664. Parasite. 1994, 1, 255-260 255 XIE H., BAIN O. and WILLIAMS SA. level, highly repetitive DNA elements and other less for 10 minutes to release DNA. These preparations conserved sequences can be very useful (Williams et were used as the PCR templates. The same method al., 1988). Because most highly repeated DNA was used to prepare PCR template from B. timori sequences do not appear to code for any protein or microfilariae. RNA product, these sequences are able to evolve at a much faster rate than the coding region sequences of Amplification of Hha I repeat DNA sequences from genes. McReynolds et al. (1986) did digests of puri­ filarial parasite DNA fied B. malayi genomic DNA with a variety of restric­ tion endonucleases. Repeated DNA sequences of 322 Two PCR primers matching the consensus sequences bp were observed when the DNA was digested with of the conserved regions of the Hha I repeat were either Hha I, Alu I or Rsa I. The 322 bp repeat synthesized by the phosphoramidite method using sequence was designated the "Hha I repeat". By sub­ the Applied Biosystem 391A DNA synthesizer (Foster sequent dot hybridization and DNA renaturation kine­ City, CA, U.S.A.). The sequences of the two primers tics experiments, it was determined that the Hha I were : repeats comprise about 12% of the DNA of B. malayi Primer 1: 5'-GCGCATAAATTCATCAGC-3'; with a copy number of about 30,000 per haploid Primer 2: 5'-GCAAAACTTAATTACAAAAGC-3'. genome. This repeat is absent in other genera, inclu­ ding the very closely related genus Wuchereria All PCR reagents except primers, templates and (Williams et al., 1988). Since the ribosomal DNA spa­ double distilled water (ddH20) were from the cer region sequences were unable to resolve the phy- GeneAmp PCR kit purchased from Perkin-Elmer Cetus logenetic relationships among the Brugia species in a (Norwalk, CT, U.S.A.). The PCR reaction contents previous study (Xie et al., 1994), Hha I repeat included : 5 µl of 10x reaction buffer, 8 µl of 1.25mM sequences were used to investigate the phylogenetic dNTP mixture, 20 pmoles of each primer, 1-2 µl tem­ relationships among the six species in the genus plate DNA solution, 1 unit of Taq polymerase and Brugia. ddH20 added to a total volume of 50 µl. The PCR cycling programs used were: 93°C, 1 minute; 55°C, 1 minute; 72°C, 1 minute for a total of 30 cycles (Model MATERIALS AND METHODS 480 thermal cycler, Perkin-Elmer Cetus, Norwalk, CT, U.S.A.); and 93°C, 0.5 minute; 55°C, 0.5 minute; 72°C, PARASITE MATERIALS 0.5 minute for a total of 30 cycles (System 9600 ther­ mal cycler, Perkin-Elmer Cetus, Norwalk, CT, U.S.A.). dult B. pahangi and B. malayi were obtai­ ned from Dr. J. McCall (TRS Laboratory, Cloning and sequencing of the PCR amplified Hha I Athens, GA, U.S.A.). Adult B. malayi worms A repeat sequences and sequence data analysis preserved in 70% ethanol were provided by Dr. O. Bain (Paris, France). B. patei adults were kindly pro­ The details of the procedures were described in our vided by Drs. U.R. Rao and A.C. Vickery (University previous paper (Xie et al., 1994). Please refer to it for of Southern Florida, Gainesville, U.S.A.). B. beaveri more information. adults preserved in 100mM EDTA were kindly provi­ ded by Dr. T.C. Orihel (Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, U.S.A.). B. buckleyi adults pre­ RESULTS served in 70% ethanol were kindly provided by Dr. A.S. Dissanaike (Colombo, Sri Lanka). B. timori DNA SEQUENCE COLLECTION AND ALIGNMENT microfilariae preserved in 100mM EDTA were kindly provided by Dr. F. Partono (University of Indonesia, he head-to-tail tandem organization of Hha I Jakarta, Indonesia).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Functional Parasitic Worm Secretome: Mapping the Place of Onchocerca Volvulus Excretory Secretory Products
    pathogens Review The Functional Parasitic Worm Secretome: Mapping the Place of Onchocerca volvulus Excretory Secretory Products Luc Vanhamme 1,*, Jacob Souopgui 1 , Stephen Ghogomu 2 and Ferdinand Ngale Njume 1,2 1 Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology and Molecular Medicine, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet 12, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium; [email protected] (J.S.); [email protected] (F.N.N.) 2 Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Biotechnology Unit, University of Buea, Buea P.O Box 63, Cameroon; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 28 October 2020; Accepted: 18 November 2020; Published: 23 November 2020 Abstract: Nematodes constitute a very successful phylum, especially in terms of parasitism. Inside their mammalian hosts, parasitic nematodes mainly dwell in the digestive tract (geohelminths) or in the vascular system (filariae). One of their main characteristics is their long sojourn inside the body where they are accessible to the immune system. Several strategies are used by parasites in order to counteract the immune attacks. One of them is the expression of molecules interfering with the function of the immune system. Excretory-secretory products (ESPs) pertain to this category. This is, however, not their only biological function, as they seem also involved in other mechanisms such as pathogenicity or parasitic cycle (molting, for example). Wewill mainly focus on filariae ESPs with an emphasis on data available regarding Onchocerca volvulus, but we will also refer to a few relevant/illustrative examples related to other worm categories when necessary (geohelminth nematodes, trematodes or cestodes).
    [Show full text]
  • Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) from Ateles Chamek from the Beni of Bolivia Juliana Notarnicola Centro De Estudios Parasitologicos Y De Vectores
    Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Publications Department of Zoology 7-2007 A New Species of Dipetalonema (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) from Ateles chamek from the Beni of Bolivia Juliana Notarnicola Centro de Estudios Parasitologicos y de Vectores F. Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz Southern Illinois University Carbondale, [email protected] Scott yL ell Gardner University of Nebraska - Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/zool_pubs Published in the Journal of Parasitology, Vol. 93, No. 3 (2007): 661-667. Copyright 2007, American Society of Parasitologists. Used by permission. Recommended Citation Notarnicola, Juliana, Jimenez-Ruiz, F. A. and Gardner, Scott L. "A New Species of Dipetalonema (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) from Ateles chamek from the Beni of Bolivia." (Jul 2007). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Zoology at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. J. Parasitol., 93(3), 2007, pp. 661–667 ᭧ American Society of Parasitologists 2007 A NEW SPECIES OF DIPETALONEMA (FILARIOIDEA: ONCHOCERCIDAE) FROM ATELES CHAMEK FROM THE BENI OF BOLIVIA Juliana Notarnicola, F. Agustı´n Jime´nez*, and Scott L. Gardner* Centro de Estudios Parasitolo´gicos y de Vectores–CEPAVE–CONICET–UNLP, Calle 2 Nu´mero 584 (1900) La Plata, Argentina. e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: We describe a new species of Dipetalonema occurring in the body cavity of
    [Show full text]
  • Parasitic Nematodes of Pool Frog (Pelophylax Lessonae) in the Volga Basin
    Journal MVZ Cordoba 2019; 24(3):7314-7321. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1501 Research article Parasitic nematodes of Pool Frog (Pelophylax lessonae) in the Volga Basin Igor V. Chikhlyaev1 ; Alexander B. Ruchin2* ; Alexander I. Fayzulin1 1Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, Togliatti, Russia 2Mordovia State Nature Reserve and National Park «Smolny», Saransk, Russia. *Correspondence: [email protected] Received: Febrary 2019; Accepted: July 2019; Published: August 2019. ABSTRACT Objetive. Present a modern review of the nematodes fauna of the pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) from Volga basin populations on the basis of our own research and literature sources analysis. Materials and methods. Present work consolidates data from different helminthological works over the past 80 years, supported by our own research results. During the period from 1936 to 2016 different authors examined 1460 specimens of pool frog, using the method of full helminthological autopsy, from 13 regions of the Volga basin. Results. In total 9 nematodes species were recorded. Nematode Icosiella neglecta found for the first time in the studied host from the territory of Russia and Volga basin. Three species appeared to be more widespread: Oswaldocruzia filiformis, Cosmocerca ornata and Icosiella neglecta. For each helminth species the following information included: systematic position, areas of detection, localization, biology, list of definitive hosts, the level of host-specificity. Conclusions. Nematodes of pool frog, excluding I. neglecta, belong to the group of soil-transmitted helminthes (geohelminth) and parasitize in adult stages. Some species (O. filiformis, C. ornata, I. neglecta) are widespread in the host range.
    [Show full text]
  • "Structure, Function and Evolution of the Nematode Genome"
    Structure, Function and Advanced article Evolution of The Article Contents . Introduction Nematode Genome . Main Text Online posting date: 15th February 2013 Christian Ro¨delsperger, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tuebingen, Germany Adrian Streit, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tuebingen, Germany Ralf J Sommer, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tuebingen, Germany In the past few years, an increasing number of draft gen- numerous variations. In some instances, multiple alter- ome sequences of multiple free-living and parasitic native forms for particular developmental stages exist, nematodes have been published. Although nematode most notably dauer juveniles, an alternative third juvenile genomes vary in size within an order of magnitude, com- stage capable of surviving long periods of starvation and other adverse conditions. Some or all stages can be para- pared with mammalian genomes, they are all very small. sitic (Anderson, 2000; Community; Eckert et al., 2005; Nevertheless, nematodes possess only marginally fewer Riddle et al., 1997). The minimal generation times and the genes than mammals do. Nematode genomes are very life expectancies vary greatly among nematodes and range compact and therefore form a highly attractive system for from a few days to several years. comparative studies of genome structure and evolution. Among the nematodes, numerous parasites of plants and Strikingly, approximately one-third of the genes in every animals, including man are of great medical and economic sequenced nematode genome has no recognisable importance (Lee, 2002). From phylogenetic analyses, it can homologues outside their genus. One observes high rates be concluded that parasitic life styles evolved at least seven of gene losses and gains, among them numerous examples times independently within the nematodes (four times with of gene acquisition by horizontal gene transfer.
    [Show full text]
  • Filarial Genomics Steven A
    Smith ScholarWorks Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications Biological Sciences 11-2004 Filarial Genomics Steven A. Williams Smith College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.smith.edu/bio_facpubs Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Williams, Steven A., "Filarial Genomics" (2004). Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications, Smith College, Northampton, MA. https://scholarworks.smith.edu/bio_facpubs/45 This Article has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Smith ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected] GLOBAL PROGRAM TO ELIMINATE LF 37 3.3 FILARIAL GENOMICS Steven A. Williams Summary of Prioritized Research Needs but few genes were cloned and identified. By the end of 1994, only 60 Brugia genes had been submitted to the Genbank 1) Collecting materials database. It was clear that a new approach for studying the a) Before the opportunity is lost to preserve their ge- filarial genome was needed to make rapid progress in under- nomes, collect geographically representative isolates of standing the biology and biochemistry of these parasites. The the various species and strains of the human filarial genome project approach represented a complete departure parasites, from the way parasite genes had been studied in the past. 2) Constructing libraries Genome projects are typically not directed at the identifica- a) Construct updated and additional genomic and cDNA tion of individual genes, but instead at the identification, clon- libraries to represent completely the different stages ing, and sequencing of all the organism’s genes. and species of filarial parasites, At the first meeting of the Filarial Genome Project (1994), 3) Sequencing B.
    [Show full text]
  • Genomics of Loa Loa, a Wolbachia-Free Filarial Parasite of Humans
    ARTICLES OPEN Genomics of Loa loa, a Wolbachia-free filarial parasite of humans Christopher A Desjardins1, Gustavo C Cerqueira1, Jonathan M Goldberg1, Julie C Dunning Hotopp2, Brian J Haas1, Jeremy Zucker1, José M C Ribeiro3, Sakina Saif1, Joshua Z Levin1, Lin Fan1, Qiandong Zeng1, Carsten Russ1, Jennifer R Wortman1, Doran L Fink4,5, Bruce W Birren1 & Thomas B Nutman4 Loa loa, the African eyeworm, is a major filarial pathogen of humans. Unlike most filariae, L. loa does not contain the obligate intracellular Wolbachia endosymbiont. We describe the 91.4-Mb genome of L. loa and that of the related filarial parasite Wuchereria bancrofti and predict 14,907 L. loa genes on the basis of microfilarial RNA sequencing. By comparing these genomes to that of another filarial parasite, Brugia malayi, and to those of several other nematodes, we demonstrate synteny among filariae but not with nonparasitic nematodes. The L. loa genome encodes many immunologically relevant genes, as well as protein kinases targeted by drugs currently approved for use in humans. Despite lacking Wolbachia, L. loa shows no new metabolic synthesis or transport capabilities compared to other filariae. These results suggest that the role of Wolbachia in filarial biology is more subtle All rights reserved. than previously thought and reveal marked differences between parasitic and nonparasitic nematodes. Filarial nematodes dwell within the lymphatics and subcutaneous (but not the worm itself) have shown efficacy in treating humans tissues of up to 170 million people worldwide and are responsible with these infections4,5. Through genomic analysis, Wolbachia have for notable morbidity, disability and socioeconomic loss1.
    [Show full text]
  • Mosquito Management Plan and Environmental Assessment
    DRAFT Mosquito Management Plan and Environmental Assessment for the Great Meadows Unit at the Stewart B. McKinney National Wildlife Refuge Prepared by: ____________________________ Date:_________________________ Refuge Manager Concurrence:___________________________ Date:_________________________ Regional IPM Coordinator Concured:______________________________ Date:_________________________ Project Leader Approved:_____________________________ Date:_________________________ Assistant Regional Director Refuges, Northeast Region Table of Contents Chapter 1 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR PROPOSED ACTION ...................................................................................... 5 1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Refuge Location and Site Description ............................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Proposed Action ................................................................................................................................................ 7 1.3.1 Purpose and Need for Proposed Action ............................................................................................................ 7 1.3.2 Historical Perspective of Need .......................................................................................................................... 9 1.3.3 Historical Mosquito Production Areas of the Refuge ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Loaina Gen. N. (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) for the Filariae Parasitic in Rabbits in North America
    Proc. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 51(1), 1984, pp. 49-53 Loaina gen. n. (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) for the Filariae Parasitic in Rabbits in North America MARK L. EBERHARD AND THOMAS C. ORIHEL Department of Parasitology, Delta Regional Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433 ABSTRACT: A new genus, Loaina, is erected to accommodate the species of Dirofilaria parasitic in rabbits in North America. The genus is comprised of two species, Loaina scapiceps (Leidy, 1886) comb. n. and Loaina uniformis (Price, 1957) comb, n.; L. uniformis is designated as the type species. The genus Loaina is distinguished morphologically from Dirofilaria and other Dirofilariinae by a combination of characters, including an extremely short tail in both sexes, an undivided esophagus, a post-esophageal vulva, short, simple spicules, a small number of caudal papillae grouped at the posterior extremity of the body in the male, and a sheathed microfilaria. Two other species, D. timidi and D. roemeri are not regarded to be valid species of Dirofilaria. The genus Dirofilaria should be restricted strictly to those species having unsheathed microfilariae. Morphologically, the genus Loaina most closely resembles the genus Loa. The two genera are distinct, however, on the basis of host preference, size and cuticular ornamentation. A review of the morphological features of the ments of anatomical features are from stained speci- dirofilarias that parasitize Louisiana mammals mens. revealed that there were marked morphological Description differences between those species of Dirofilaria Railliet and Henry, 1910 infecting rabbits in Loaina gen. n. North America, i.e., D. uniformis Price, 1957 Dirofilaria Railliet and Henry, and D. scapiceps (Leidy, 1886), and other mem- 1910, in part bers of the genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Protective Immune Responses and the Immunomodulatory Capacity of Litomosoides Sigmodontis
    Identification of protective immune responses and the immunomodulatory capacity of Litomosoides sigmodontis Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades (Dr. rer. nat.) der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn vorgelegt von JESUTHAS AJENDRA aus Dillingen/Saar Bonn 2016 i Angefertigt mit Genehmigung der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Achim Hörauf 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Waldemar Kolanus Tag der Promotion: 25.08.2016 ii Erscheinungsjahr: 2016 Erklärung Die hier vorgelegte Dissertation habe ich eigenständig und ohne unerlaubte Hilfsmittel angefertigt. Die Dissertation wurde in der vorgelegten oder in ähnlicher Form noch bei keiner anderen Institution eingereicht. Es wurden keine vorherigen oder erfolglosen Promotionsversuche unternommen. Bonn, 23.03.2016 Teile dieser Arbeit wurden vorab veröffentlicht in folgenden Publikationen: “ST2 deficiency does not impair type 2 immune responses during chronic filarial infection but leads to an increased microfilaremia due to an impaired splenic microfilarial clearance.” Ajendra J, Specht S, Neumann AL, Gondorf F, Schmidt D, Gentil K, Hoffmann WH, Taylor MJ, Hoerauf A, Hübner MP. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 24;9(3):e93072. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093072. eCollection 2014. “Development of patent Litomosoides sigmodontis infections in semi-susceptible C57BL/6 mice in the absence of adaptive immune responses.” Layland LE, Ajendra J, Ritter M, Wiszniewsky A, Hoerauf A, Hübner MP. Parasit Vectors. 2015 Jul 25;8:396. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-1011-2. “Combination of worm antigen and proinsulin prevents type 1 diabetes in NOD mice after the onset of insulitis.” Ajendra J, Berbudi A, Hoerauf A, Hübner MP. Clin Immunol. 2016 Feb 16; 164:119- 122.
    [Show full text]
  • DNA of Brugia Malayi Detected in Several Mosquito Species Collected from Balangan District, South Borneo Province, Indonesia
    Veterinary World, EISSN: 2231-0916 RESEARCH ARTICLE Available at www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.13/May-2020/24.pdf Open Access DNA of Brugia malayi detected in several mosquito species collected from Balangan District, South Borneo Province, Indonesia Supriyono Supriyono1 and Suriyani Tan2 1. Division of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia; 2. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia. Corresponding author: Suriyani Tan, e-mail: [email protected] Co-author: SS: [email protected] Received: 17-01-2020, Accepted: 21-04-2020, Published online: 30-05-2020 doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.996-1000 How to cite this article: Supriyono S, Tan S (2020) DNA of Brugia malayi detected in several mosquito species collected from Balangan District, South Borneo Province, Indonesia, Veterinary World, 13(5): 996-1000. Abstract Background and Aim: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a lesser-known parasitic disease, which contributes to significant decreases in overall health. This study investigated the presence of Brugia malayi in mosquitoes collected in the South Borneo Province, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Mosquitoes were collected through bare leg collection methods after sunset in several areas of the Hukai and Gulinggang villages in the Balangan District. The collected mosquitoes were identified based on morphological features and dissected to find microfilaria and then pooled through species for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) microfilaria detection. Results: A total of 837 female mosquitoes consisting of at least 14 species were selected; they were dissected, and no microfilariae were found. Mosquitoes were divided into 69 pools for PCR analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Host Plant Preference of Mansonia Mosquitoes
    J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 44: 142-144 Host Plant Preference of Mansonia Mosquitoes GOUTAM CHANDRA1, A. GHOSH, D. BISWAS1 AND S. N. CHATTERJEE1 INTRODUCTION Mansonioides were obtained from a laboratory colony main- tained in the Mosquito Research Unit, Department of. Zool- Human brugian filariasis, which is caused by Brugia malayi ogy, The University of Burdwan. The colony was maintained and B. timori, affects 13 million people in the oriental region at 25 to 30°C, a pH of 6.95 to 7.03 and dissolved oxygen from (WHO 2002) and is most common in India and China (Otte- 5.5 to 6.1 mg/l in the laboratory and was kept free from ex- sen et al. 1997). The most important vectors of B. malayi, in posure to pathogens, insecticides, or repellents. Mosquito the endemic countries of South-east Asia, are different Man- larvae were fed on a fine-ground dog biscuit. The adult colo- sonia species in the subgenus Mansonioides. The vectors of the ny was provided with 10% sucrose and 10% multivitamin syr- parasite causing brugian filariasis in the Western Pacific and up, and was periodically blood-fed on restrained rats. South-east Asian regions were reviewed by Chow in 1973 and During the lab based experiment, pond water (500 ml) Ramaliangam in 1975, while Ma. annulifera was reported by was placed in each of 5 enamel bowls (bowl No. 1-5). Pond Iyengar in 1938, as an agent for transmission of B. malayi in water was sieved through a net (>500 mesh) to exclude lar- Travancore, India.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigations of Filarial Nematode Motility, Response to Drug Treatment, and Pathology
    Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 8-2015 Investigations of Filarial Nematode Motility, Response to Drug Treatment, and Pathology Charles Nutting Western Michigan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the Biochemistry Commons, Biology Commons, and the Pathogenic Microbiology Commons Recommended Citation Nutting, Charles, "Investigations of Filarial Nematode Motility, Response to Drug Treatment, and Pathology" (2015). Dissertations. 745. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/745 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INVESTIGATIONS OF FILARIAL NEMATODE MOTILITY, RESPONSE TO DRUG TREATMENT, AND PATHOLOGY by Charles S. Nutting A dissertation submitted to the Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Biological Sciences Western Michigan University August 2015 Doctoral Committee: Rob Eversole, Ph.D., Chair Charles Mackenzie, Ph.D. Pamela Hoppe, Ph.D. Charles Ide, Ph.D. INVESTIGATIONS OF FILARIAL NEMATODE MOTILITY, RESPONSE TO DRUG TREATMENT, AND PATHOLOGY Charles S. Nutting, Ph.D. Western Michigan University, 2015 More than a billion people live at risk of chronic diseases caused by parasitic filarial nematodes. These diseases: lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, and loaisis cause significant morbidity, degrading the health, quality of life, and economic productivity of those who suffer from them. Though treatable, there is no cure to rid those infected of adult parasites. The parasites can modulate the immune system and live for 10-15 years.
    [Show full text]