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2014, TFG II, Rodrigo Marques De Bem.Docx 1 Rodrigo Marques de Bem O JORNALISMO EM SPRINGFIELD: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A ÉTICA DO JORNALISTA EM OS SIMPSONS Santa Maria, RS 2014 2 Rodrigo Marques de Bem O JORNALISMO EM SPRINGFIELD: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A ÉTICA DO JORNALISTA EM OS SIMPSONS Trabalho final de Graduação apresentado ao Curso de Comunicação Social- Jornalismo, Área de Ciências Sociais do Centro Universitário Franciscano, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Jornalista - Bacharel em Jornalismo. Orientador: Prof. Me. Alexandre Maccari Ferreira Santa Maria, RS 2014 3 Rodrigo Marques de Bem O JORNALISMO EM SPRINGFIELD: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A ÉTICA DO JORNALISTA EM OS SIMPSONS Banca Examinadora: Prof. Me. Alexandre Maccari Ferreira – Orientador (Centro Universitário Franciscano) Prof. Me. Carlos Alberto Badke (Centro Universitário Franciscano) Prof. Dr. Maicon Elias Kroth (Centro Universitário Franciscano) Aprovado em.........., de.............., de............. 4 AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço ao apoio incondicional de meus seus pais, sem eles eu não conseguiria transformar este sonho em realidade. Eles são o maior tesouro que tenho na vida. Não posso deixar de agradecer aos meus queridos irmãos pela força, ao decorrer desta longa, mas agradável jornada. E a minha família que sempre esteve ao meu lado. Um imenso muito obrigado! Acredito que cada professor com quem tive contato ao longo do curso, tenha me transmitido uma parcela de seu conhecimento, de seu saber, todos de uma maneira ou de outra, contribuíram para minha formação. Quero deixar um agradecimento para todos eles. Obrigado por tudo caros mestres. Quero fazer um grande reconhecimento ao amigo, parceiro e orientador Prof. Alexandre Maccari, que sempre foi uma pessoa ótima em suas orientações e me colocava no caminho certo, quando me sentia perdido ou em dúvida. Um grande muito obrigado a você mestre, te agradeço de coração. Deixo também um abraço para todos os amigos que fiz durante o curso, foram muitos e não há espaço suficiente aqui, para que eu possa escrever os nomes de todos, mas há um certo pessoal que faço questão de citar seus nomes. Em meu estágio na TV Unifra, não ganhei apenas conhecimento, experiência e aprendizado, mas conquistei também uma segunda família. Jamais vou esquecer do tempo que passei junto com aquela gurizada, das xícaras de cafés compartilhadas no camarim e das conversas jogadas fora; Quintana, Armando, Robson, Otavio, Márcio, Vicente, Camila, Andressa, Felipe e Daniel, vocês todos foram fantásticos. Muito obrigado por tudo queridos amigos! Agradeço também a Unifra pelo suporte necessário oferecido durante toda minha formação. Me sinto com orgulho de ter estudado em uma instituição séria e com tantos profissionais qualificados. Obrigado por tudo Deus. 5 Seja você quem for, seja qual for à posição social que você tenha na vida, a mais alta ou a mais baixa, tenha sempre como meta muita força, muita determinação e sempre faça tudo com muito amor e com muita fé em Deus, que um dia você chega lá. De alguma maneira você chega lá. Ayrton Senna 6 RESUMO Esta pesquisa trata sobre o personagem jornalista no seriado televisivo Os Simpsons. Com base em três capítulos, do Código de Ética da Society of Professional Journalists, um dos códigos de ética norte-americanos de jornalismo, foi feita uma análise de conteúdo desta figura da série e, procurou-se descobrir se ela respeita ou não, os preceitos éticos do código escolhido. Foi realizada também uma análise do seriado para se constatar o tempo, que o jornalista aparece em cada episódio, assim como o tempo em que a Família Simpson fica reunida assistindo televisão. Para fundamentar o estudo, a pesquisa abordou temas como a história da televisão, dos seriados e a ética existente dentro do jornalismo. Através da técnica de análise de conteúdo e a utilização do Código de Ética da Society of Professional Journalists, chegou-se a conclusão de que o jornalista representado no seriado é um profissional irresponsável e antiético. Palavras-chave: Ética, Ética Jornalística, Os Simpsons, Seriados. 7 SUMÁRIO 1 INTRODUÇÃO .......................................................................................................... 9 2 UMA BREVE HISTÓRIA DA TV E DE OS SIMPSONS ..................................... 11 2.1 Um universo em constante transformação ............................................................ 11 2.2 A chegada da TV em terras brasileiras ................................................................. 13 2.3 Das páginas dos folhetins para a tela do cinema e da televisão ............................ 15 2.4 O nascimento da família amarela de olhos esbugalhados ..................................... 17 3 REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO .................................................................................... 21 3.1 Ética: dos pensadores gregos para o mundo ......................................................... 21 3.2 Ética jornalística, um dilema ................................................................................ 22 3.3 Código de Ética da Society of Professional Journalists ...................................... 24 3.4 A ética em Os Simpsons ....................................................................................... 27 3.5 O Âncora no Telejornalismo Norte- Americano .................................................. 28 4 METODOLOGIA ...................................................................................................... 30 4.1 O percurso de Springfield e a metodologia .......................................................... 30 4.2 Pesquisa bibliográfica ........................................................................................... 30 4.3 Análise de conteúdo .............................................................................................. 31 4.4 Corpus do objeto de estudo .................................................................................. 32 4.5 Categorias de análise do personagem ................................................................... 33 5 ANÁLISE ................................................................................................................... 35 5.1 Kent, uma análise em diferentes épocas ............................................................... 35 5.2 A prisão equivocada do palhaço popstar e o deboche do âncora .......................... 36 5.2.1 Responsabilidade ............................................................................................... 37 5.2.2 Acurácia e Objetividade ..................................................................................... 38 5.2.3 Jogo Limpo ........................................................................................................ 39 5.3 Uma mentira de outro planeta ............................................................................... 39 5.3.1 Responsabilidade ............................................................................................... 41 5.3.2 Acurácia e Objetividade ..................................................................................... 42 5.3.3 Jogo Limpo ........................................................................................................ 43 5.4 Uma reportagem mais fria que peru de Natal congelado ...................................... 44 5.4.1 Responsabilidade ............................................................................................... 45 8 5.4.2 Acurácia e Objetividade ..................................................................................... 47 5.4.3 Jogo Limpo ........................................................................................................ 48 5.5 O palavrão da discórdia ........................................................................................ 49 5.5.1 Responsabilidade ............................................................................................... 50 5.5.2 Acurácia e Objetividade ..................................................................................... 51 5.5.3 Jogo Limpo ........................................................................................................ 52 6 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS .................................................................................... 54 REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ....................................................................... 56 ANEXO A ...................................................................................................................... 59 ANEXO B ...................................................................................................................... 60 ANEXO C ...................................................................................................................... 63 9 1 INTRODUÇÃO Neste trabalho procuramos analisar Kent Brockman, o personagem que representa um jornalista no seriado televisivo Os Simpsons. Em face disso, a pesquisa tem como objetivo geral, identificar se o jornalista representado na série desempenha os preceitos éticos da profissão, estabelecidos pelos capítulos Responsabilidade, Acurácia e Objetividade, e Jogo Limpo do Código de Ética da Society of Professional Journalists. Os objetivos específicos do trabalho procuram constatar quanto tempo que a Família Simpson fica assistindo televisão nos episódios, o que serve para demonstrar qual é a importância da TV dentro do seriado, e cronometrar também o tempo de participação do jornalista em cada um dos episódios escolhidos. Definidos o objetivo geral e os específicos, partimos para o problema de pesquisa que norteará o
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