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(Rev Cop16) on Conservation of and Trade in Tiger
SC65 Doc. 38 Annex 1 REVIEW OF IMPLEMENTATION OF RESOLUTION CONF. 12.5 (REV. COP16) ON CONSERVATION OF AND TRADE IN TIGERS AND OTHER APPENDIX-I ASIAN BIG CAT SPECIES* Report to the CITES Secretariat for the 65th meeting of the Standing Committee Kristin Nowell, CAT and IUCN Cat Specialist Group and Natalia Pervushina, TRAFFIC With additional support from WWF Table of Contents Section Page Executive Summary 2 1. Introduction 8 2. Methods 11 3. Conservation status of Asian big cats 12 4. Seizure records for Asian big cats 13 4.1. Seizures – government reports 13 4.1.1. International trade databases 13 4.1.2. Party reports to CITES 18 4.1.3. Interpol Operation Prey 19 4.2. Seizures – range State and NGO databases 20 4.2.1. Tigers 21 4.2.2. Snow leopards 25 4.2.3. Leopards 26 4.2.4. Other species 27 5. Implementation of CITES recommendations: best practices and 28 continuing challenges 5.1. Legislative and regulatory measures 28 5.2. National law enforcement 37 5.3. International cooperation for enforcement and conservation 44 5.4. Recording, availability and analysis of information 46 5.5. Demand reduction, education, and awareness 48 5.6. Prevention of illegal trade in parts and derivatives from captive 53 facilities 5.7. Management of government and privately-held stocks of parts and 56 derivatives 5.8. Recent meetings relevant to Asian big cat conservation and trade 60 control 6. Recommendations 62 References 65 * The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CITES Secretariat or the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
3Rd INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE SYMPOSIUM
3rd INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE SYMPOSIUM “Conserving Sumatran Wildlife Heritage for Sustainable Livelihood” PROCEEDING ISBN: 978-602-0860-13-8 Organized by: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER OF ENVIRONMENT INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH AND COMMUNITY SERVICE UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG 2016 i PROCEEDING IWS 2016 Person in charge: Warsono, Ph.D. Steering Committee: Dr. Hartoyo, M.Si. Organizing Commettee: Dr. Erdi Suroso, M.T.A. Editors: Dr. Endang Nurcahyani, M.Si. Dr. Ir. Sumaryo Gs, M.Si. Published by: Research and Development Center of Environment Institute for Research and Community Service University of Lampung Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro No. 1, Bandar Lampung 35145 Phone: +62-721-705173, Fax. +621-721-773798 E-mail: [email protected] ISBN: 978-602-0860-13-8 All right reserved (including those of translation into other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form – by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means – nor transmitted or translated into a machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. Used in this book, even when not specially marked as such, are nor to be considered unpropected by law. ii WELCOMING SPEECH FROM CHAIR PERSON OF THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Distinguished guests, - Minister of Environment and Forestry Republic of Indonesia, Dr. Siti Nurbaya or representing, - Rector University of Lampung, Prof. Dr. Ir. Hasriadi Mat Akin, M.P. - Honorable Keynote Speaker, Invited Speakers, participants, sponshorships, ladies and gentlemen Assalamu’alaikum warohmatullohi wabarokatuh. May God bless all of us. Tabik pun. It gives me great pleasure to extend to you all a very warm welcome to the 3rd International Wildlife Symposium (IWS 2016), here in Bandar Lampung. -
Asrsg Action Plan
IUCN/Species Survival Commission Conservation Communications Fund Contributors In 1992, IUCN’s Species Survival Commission (SSC) established the Conservation Communications Fund to garner support for its expansive Publications Programme which promotes conservation by: (1) providing objective scientific information about biodiversity, habitats, and ecosystems; (2) identifying high priority actions for conservation; and (3) delivering the information and recommendations to natural resource managers, decision-makers, and others whose actions affect the conservation of biodiversity. The SSC’s Action Plans, occasional papers, news magazine Species, Membership Directory, and other publications are supported by a wide variety of generous donors including: The Sultanate of Oman established the Peter Scott IUCN/SSC Action Plan Fund in 1990. The Fund supports Action Plan development and implementation; to date, more than 80 grants have been made from the Fund to Specialist Groups. As a result, the Action Plan Programme has progressed at an accelerated level and the network has grown and matured significantly. The SSC is grateful to the Sultanate of Oman for its confidence in and support for species conservation worldwide. The Chicago Zoological Society (CZS) provides significant in-kind and cash support to the SSC, including grants for special projects, editorial and design services, staff secondments and related support services. The mission of CZS is to help people develop a sustainable and harmonious relationship with nature. The Zoo carries out its mission by informing and inspiring 2,000,000 annual visitors, serving as a refuge for species threatened with extinction, developing scientific approaches to manage species successfully in zoos and the wild, and working with other zoos, agencies, and protected areas around the world to conserve habitats and wildlife. -
Detailed Species Accounts from The
Threatened Birds of Asia: The BirdLife International Red Data Book Editors N. J. COLLAR (Editor-in-chief), A. V. ANDREEV, S. CHAN, M. J. CROSBY, S. SUBRAMANYA and J. A. TOBIAS Maps by RUDYANTO and M. J. CROSBY Principal compilers and data contributors ■ BANGLADESH P. Thompson ■ BHUTAN R. Pradhan; C. Inskipp, T. Inskipp ■ CAMBODIA Sun Hean; C. M. Poole ■ CHINA ■ MAINLAND CHINA Zheng Guangmei; Ding Changqing, Gao Wei, Gao Yuren, Li Fulai, Liu Naifa, Ma Zhijun, the late Tan Yaokuang, Wang Qishan, Xu Weishu, Yang Lan, Yu Zhiwei, Zhang Zhengwang. ■ HONG KONG Hong Kong Bird Watching Society (BirdLife Affiliate); H. F. Cheung; F. N. Y. Lock, C. K. W. Ma, Y. T. Yu. ■ TAIWAN Wild Bird Federation of Taiwan (BirdLife Partner); L. Liu Severinghaus; Chang Chin-lung, Chiang Ming-liang, Fang Woei-horng, Ho Yi-hsian, Hwang Kwang-yin, Lin Wei-yuan, Lin Wen-horn, Lo Hung-ren, Sha Chian-chung, Yau Cheng-teh. ■ INDIA Bombay Natural History Society (BirdLife Partner Designate) and Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History; L. Vijayan and V. S. Vijayan; S. Balachandran, R. Bhargava, P. C. Bhattacharjee, S. Bhupathy, A. Chaudhury, P. Gole, S. A. Hussain, R. Kaul, U. Lachungpa, R. Naroji, S. Pandey, A. Pittie, V. Prakash, A. Rahmani, P. Saikia, R. Sankaran, P. Singh, R. Sugathan, Zafar-ul Islam ■ INDONESIA BirdLife International Indonesia Country Programme; Ria Saryanthi; D. Agista, S. van Balen, Y. Cahyadin, R. F. A. Grimmett, F. R. Lambert, M. Poulsen, Rudyanto, I. Setiawan, C. Trainor ■ JAPAN Wild Bird Society of Japan (BirdLife Partner); Y. Fujimaki; Y. Kanai, H. -
SOS Final Technical Report
SOS Final Technical Report 1. Project Information Organization: Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Project Title: Implementation of SMART: a Spatial Monitoring And Reporting Tool to strengthen law enforcement and improve effectiveness of tiger protection in source sites Grant code: 2011A-001 SOS Grant Type: Threatened Species Report Author and Emma J Stokes ([email protected]) Contact Information: Alexa Montefiore ([email protected]) Date of Report: 15 December 2013 SOS Strategic Threatened Asian and African Mammals Direction(s): Project Dates 15th October 2011 – 15th March 2013 (extended to 15th October 2013) SOS Grant Amount (in 699,600 US$): Total Project Amount 1,420,100 (in US$): Focal Threatened Tiger (Panthera tigris) Species: Implementation WWF (Implementation Partner) Partners for this Tiger range states (Implementation Partners) project: ZSL, FFI, CITES-MIKE (SMART Partners) 2. Project Progress by Component/Objective 2A. Report on results by project component. Reporting should reference specific products/deliverables from the approved project design and other relevant information including quantitative and qualitative measurement of chosen indicators. Component/Objective or Result Actual at Completion Objective 1: ACHIEVED Deliver a SMART Version 1.0 that has been fully field-tested, is scalable to a wide range of site-specific contexts, and is supported by a regional capacity 1 building strategy. Result 1.1: - SMART 1.0 publicly released Feb 2013. A SMART system that is scalable, fully - Two subsequent updates released based on early field-tested and supported by a regional field testing (current version 1.1.2) capacity building strategy is in place in 9 - Software translated into Thai, Vietnamese and implementation sites. -
Final Report to 21 St Century Tiger Century Tiger
Final Report to 21st Century Tiger From Data to Action: Curbing W ildlife Crim es in Sum atra, Indonesia March 2004 Contacts: Dr. Joshua Ginsberg, Director, Asia Program Tel. +1-718-2205884, Email: [email protected] Dr. Robert Lee, Director, Indonesia Program Tel. +62-251-321527, Email: [email protected] WCS Webpage: www.wcs.org SUMMARY In January 2003, a Wildlife Crime Unit (WCU) was established in Lampung, a province in southern Sumatra where populations of tigers, elephants, and primates are under high hunting pressure. The unit, comprised of members from the Department of Forestry Species Protection and Nature Conservation (BKSDA Lampung), ALAS Indonesia and WATALA (two local groups based in Lampung), Alliance of Indonesian Journalists (AJI Lampung), and the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), serves as a field unit to monitor and control wildlife trade, and provides technical assistance in due legal process. In doing so, WCU works closely with law enforcement agencies across Lampung, and with other conservation groups across Sumatra. Government agencies provided important official and logistical support during this first year. WCS’s role has been to train partners, design the monitoring program, providing assistance in gathering evidence and reporting of violations, providing assistance in preparing legal briefs, publicizing the progress of cases, and serving as the coordinator for activities and planning. Local NGOs played have played an important role in obtaining confidential information using their broad network. Equally important, Alliance of Indonesian Journalists (AJI) also played an important role in monitoring the court proceedings and providing intensive media coverage. During the past year, WCU has been able to achieve the following. -
Carrying Capacity Estimation of Sumatran Elephant Habitat (Elephas Maximus Sumatranus T) in Tesso Nilo National Park
J Anim Behav Biometeorol (2020) 8:41-48 ISSN 2318-1265 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Carrying capacity estimation of Sumatran elephant habitat (Elephas maximus sumatranus T) in Tesso Nilo National Park Defri Yoza ▪ Yusni Ikhwan Siregar ▪ Aras Mulyadi ▪ Sujianto D Yoza (Corresponding author) YI Siregar ▪ A Mulyadi ▪ Sujianto Department of Forestry, Agricultural faculty, University of Department of Environmental Science, Graduate Program, Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia. University of Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia. email: [email protected] Received: June 10, 2019 ▪ Accepted: August 14, 201 9 ▪ Published Online: September 30, 2019 Abstract Forest encroachment reduces elephant habitat area namely savanna elephant (Loxodonta africana africana) and while oil palm plantations and industrial plantations reduce forest elephant (Loxodonta africana cyclotis) (Sukumar and even cut the elephant roaming area. This study aims to 2003). The species Elephas maximus is also found on the estimate the carrying capacity of elephant habitat in Tesso island of Sumatra with a young of the type Sumatranus so that Nilo National Park, Indonesia. Data collection on elephant it becomes Elephas maximus sumatranus. populations uses direct and indirect surveys. Direct surveys On Sumatra Island, Elephas maximus sumatranus are carried out by direct encounter with the elephants and became an enemy of oil palm farmers but was protected by counting is done at the meeting. The indirect survey was law as a protected animal. On the one hand, these Elephants carried out in two ways, namely by counting dung and traces are considered pests, but on the other hand, their existence of elephants as well as interviews with mahout and the should not be disturbed by the community because they could community. -
Craniometric Variation in the Tiger (Panthera Tigris): Implications for Patterns of Diversity, Taxonomy and Conservation Ji H
ARTICLE IN PRESS www.elsevier.de/mambio ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION Craniometric variation in the tiger (Panthera tigris): Implications for patterns of diversity, taxonomy and conservation Ji H. Maza´ kà Shanghai Science and Technology Museum (formerly Shanghai Museum of Natural History), 260 Yan-an Road (East), Shanghai 200002, PR China Received 4 May 2008; accepted 26 June 2008 Abstract Patterns of geographical variation in tigers are reviewed extensively by a morphometric analysis based on 273 skulls of certain wild origin. The following principal observations emerging from this investigation are found: 1. Modern tigers contain two basic forms: the mainland Asia tiger and the Sunda Island tiger. They are differentiated markedly in skull morphology as well as other morphological characters, the characteristic skull shape and small body size in Java/Bali tigers can be interpreted as adaptational responses to a particular island landscape type and prey species fauna, an evolutionary process known as insular dwarfism. 2. The Sumatran tiger (P.t. sumatrae) probably represents a hybrid of mainland and Island tigers, which originated from mainland Southeast Asia, colonized Indonesia and hybridized with the Sunda island tigers (Java tiger) during the late Pleistocene, and was subsequently completely isolated from both the mainland Southeast Asia and Java/ Bali populations. 3. Among the mainland Asia tigers, the Amur or Siberian tiger is the most distinct; India, Indochinese and South China tigers are craniometrically distinguishable on average, but with clear overlaps; the Caspian tiger, on the other hand, is indistinguishable from other mainland forms and extensively overlaps with both the Northern and Southern Asia subspecies. 4. Most proportional craniometric differences among tigers observed from this study are mainly allometric; the pattern of craniometric variation in mainland tigers is clearly clinal; craniometric variation and sexual dimorphism are closely related. -
The Illegal Exploitation of the Javan Leopard (
Nature Conservation 43: 25–39 (2021) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/natureconservation.43.59399 RESEARCH ARticlE https://natureconservation.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity conservation The illegal exploitation of the Javan Leopard (Panthera pardus melas) and Sunda Clouded Leopard (Neofelis diardi) in Indonesia Lalita Gomez1,2, Chris R. Shepherd1 1 Monitor Conservation Research Society, Big Lake, Canada 2 Oxford Wildlife Trade Research Group, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK Corresponding author: Chris R. Shepherd ([email protected]) Academic editor: M. Auliya | Received 6 October 2020 | Accepted 15 January 2021 | Published 22 March 2021 http://zoobank.org/17D9AAB6-8A94-4B5A-932F-6633FAD5D42B Citation: Gomez L, Shepherd CR (2021) The illegal exploitation of the Javan Leopard (Panthera pardus melas) and Sunda Clouded Leopard (Neofelis diardi) in Indonesia. Nature Conservation 43: 25–39. https://doi.org/10.3897/ natureconservation.43.59399 Abstract Indonesia is home to the Javan Leopard (Panthera pardus melas) and the Sunda Clouded Leopard (Neofelis diardi), both of which are threatened by habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict issues and the illegal wildlife trade. Leopards and clouded leopards are threatened by the illegal wildlife trade across their range, how- ever, very little is known of the illegal trade in these two species in Indonesia, or of the efforts made to tackle this crime. Both the Javan Leopard and Sunda Clouded Leopard are protected species in Indonesia and both species are listed in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), meaning commercial international trade is generally prohibited. To better understand the trade, and efforts to end this trade, we collected records of seizures and prosecutions relating to Javan Leopards and Sunda Clouded Leopards in Indonesia for the period 2011–2019. -
Saving the Tiger
109 Saving the Tiger Guy Mountfort In Oryx, September 1972, Zafar Futehally described how, when it was found that the number of tigers in India had dropped to below 2000, Project Tiger was launched, with a Task Force appointed by Mrs Gandhi, and chaired by Dr Karan Singh, Minister of Tourism and Civil Aviation and of the Indian Wildlife Board; the World Wildlife Fund promised a million dollars if the Indian Government would take the necessary conservation measures, and the President, HRH Prince Bernhard, has launched an international campaign to raise the money. Tiger hunting had already been banned throughout India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan, and the US and Britain have banned the import of tiger skins—tigers are one of the five endangered cats covered by the fur trade's voluntary ban agreed in 1970. Last summer the Indian Government produced a very valuable 100-page report on the tiger situation, supported by detailed surveys and proposing the creation of eight tiger reserves based on existing sanctuaries. In this article Guy Mountfort who is a WWF Trustee, and has made a special study of the Indian wildlife situation, describes the proposed reserves and continues the story of what he calls 'the biggest and most important advance in the conservation of Asiatic wildlife'. No-one reacted to the tiger situation more positively than the Prime Minister, Mrs Gandhi. She charged the Tiger Task Force with the immediate preparation of plans for the creation of tiger reserves. The report proposed that eight of the best existing wildlife sanctuaries where there were tigers should be enlarged and improved to become fully protected and scientifically managed reserves; a ninth reserve has since been added to the list. -
EAZA Tiger Campaign
B USHMEAT | R AINFOREST | T I GER | S HELLSHOCK | R HINO | M ADAGASCAR | A MPHIBIAN | C ARNIVORE | A PE EAZA Conservation Campaigns Over the last ten years Europe’s leading zoos and EAZA Tiger aquariums have worked together in addressing a variety of issues affecting a range of species and habitats. EAZA’s annual conservation campaigns have Campaign raised funds and promoted awareness amongst 2002-2004 millions of zoo visitors each year, as well as providing the impetus for key regulatory change. | INTRODUCTION | The Tiger campaign was EAZA's third campaign and the first to run for two years, from September 2002 until September 2004. It was launched to raise awareness for the conservation concerns facing tigers in the wild. About a century ago seven to eight subspecies of tiger still roamed the planet, but due to habitat loss, hunting and illegal wildlife trade three subspecies became extinct. For this campaign EAZA collaborated with 21st Century Tiger, a wild tiger conservation partnership between the Zoological Society of London and Global Tiger Patrol, which raises funds for tiger conservation projects in the field. | CAMPAIGN AIMS | Data suggests that in 2008 there were about 3,800 to 5,180 tigers left in the wildi, and their populations are shrinking further due to increased human activity. Their habitats across Asia are confined, small and isolated. The EAZA Tiger Campaign aimed, therefore, to promote awareness of the threats tigers face in their natural habitats, while at the same time raising the profile of zoos as conservation organisations. Additionally it was aimed to raise funds to support wild tiger conservation projects. -
Potential Tourism of Kambas National Park in Sukadana, Lampung Timur Regency Towards Regional Independence
th 4 ICITB POTENTIAL TOURISM OF KAMBAS NATIONAL PARK IN SUKADANA, LAMPUNG TIMUR REGENCY TOWARDS REGIONAL INDEPENDENCE Dwi Ismaryati ABSTRACT Indonesia is an archipelagic country that has natural resources that consist of oceans, sun, beaches and countries that allow it to be used as a source of foreign exchange. For regions that are blessed with exotic natural resources are expected to be able to contribute in providing foreign exchange for the region in order to achieve regional independence. The problems that occur how to market natural resources that consist of oceans, sun, beaches and abundant countries are assets that can provide a vision for local development. One effort that can be done is to make it a place. Market-driven sectors and industries. To market the items needed for all parties involved in management, government and society. This study aims to describe the tourism potential of the Way Kambas National Park in Sukadana, East Lampung Regency. The method used is descriptive method. The subject of the management research was set by 10 respondents. Techniques for exporting data, documentation and interviews. Data analysis uses a percentage table. The results showed that the Way Kambas National Park Tourism Object has a natural panoramic potential and socio-cultural potential. The total potential is 10 of the potential that there are 6 potentials that have been optimally developed and 4 potentials that have not been optimally optimized. Keywords: Potential, Tourism, Resources, Regional Independence INTRODUCTION Indonesia which is located on the equator has abundant diversity. This location causes Indonesia to have high biodiversity. Indonesia also has various types of ecosystems, such as aquatic ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems, peat swamps, mangrove forests, coral reefs, and coastal ecosystems.