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Nuclear and Emerging Technologies for Space the Von Braun Center Huntsville, Alabama February 22-26, 2016 Proceedings of 6 NETS-201Nuclear and Emerging Technologies for Space The Von Braun Center Huntsville, Alabama February 22-26, 2016 ANS Aerospace Nuclear Science and Technology Division Universities Space Research Association About the Meeting In February 2016, The Aerospace Nuclear Science and Technology Division (ANSTD) of the American Nuclear Society (ANS) held the 2016 Nuclear and Emerging Technologies for Space (NETS 2016) topical meeting at the Von Braun Center in Huntsville, Alabama. NETS is the premier conference for landed- and in-space applications in 2016. With authors from universities, national laboratories, NASA facilities and industry, NETS 2016 provided an excellent communication network and forum for information exchange. Topic Areas NASA is currently considering capabilities for robotic and crewed missions to the Moon, Mars, and beyond. Strategies that implement advanced power and propulsion technologies, as well as radiation protection, will be important to accomplishing these missions in the future. NETS serves as a major communications network and forum for professionals and students working in the area of space nuclear and management personnel from international government, industry, academia, and national laboratory systems. To this end, the NETS 2016 meeting addressed topics ranging from overviews of current programs to methods of meeting the challenges of future endeavors. Conference Organizers Omar Mireles, PhD Lee Mason Mike Houts, PhD General Chair Honorary Chair Honorary Chair NASA Marshall Space Flight Center NASA Glenn Research Center NASA Marshall Space Flight Center [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Patrick McClure Daniel Cavender Sal Oriti Technical Chair, FSP Technical Chair, NTP Technical Chair, RPS Los Alamos National Laboratory NASA Marshall Space Flight Center NASA Glenn Research Center [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] i Nathan Jerred Margaret Marshall Delisa Rogers Publications Publications Logistics and Finance Center for Space Nuclear Research, Idaho National Laboratory Center for Space Nuclear Research, USRA [email protected] USRA [email protected] [email protected] Wesley Deason Chis Morrison Jarvis Caffrey Publications Webmaster A/V Coordinator International Atomic Energy Agency Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute NASA Marshall Space Flight Center [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Session Chairs Track I: Radioisotope Power Systems Technical Chair: Sal Oriti, NASA Glenn Research Center June Sakrajsek NASA-Glenn Research Center Ed Lewandowski NASA-Glenn Research Center Steve Johnson, PhD Idaho National Laboratory Wayne Wong NASA-Glenn Research Center Becky Onuschak DOE-NE 75 Richard Ambrosi, PhD University of Leicester Carl Sandifer NASA-Glenn Research Center Robert Wham Oak Ridge National Laboratory Jean-Pierre Fleurial Jet Propulsion Laboratory Tom Sutliff NASA-Glenn Research Center ii Track II: Fission Surface Power Technical Chair: Patrick McClure, Los Alamos National Laboratory Susan Voss Global Nuclear Network Analysis Tom Godfrey NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center Max Briggs NASA-Glenn Research Center Steve Clement Los Alamos National Laboratory Track III: Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Technical Chair: Daniel Cavender, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Harold Gerrish NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center Chance Garcia, PhD NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center Michael Eades The Ohio State University Glen Doughty NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center Jarvis Caffrey NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center Jim Werner Idaho National Laboratory Vishal Patel Center for Space Nuclear Research Sponsor Aerojet Rocketdyne is a world-recognized aerospace and defense leader providing propulsion and energetics to the domestic and international space, missile defense and strategic systems, tactical systems and armaments areas, and transformational energy technology solutions to address the world’s energy needs. GenCorp is a diversified company providing innovative solutions to its customers in the aerospace and defense, energy and real estate markets. Additional information about Aerojet Rocketdyne and GenCrop can be obtained by visiting the companies’ websites at www.Rocket.com and www.GenCorp.com. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Paper 6004 – Mass Optimization of a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle Power Conversion System for a Mars Surface Fission Power Reactor ............................................................................................................. 1 Paper 6005 – Re-Inventing the Light Bulb .................................................................................................. 11 Paper 6018 – Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Integrated Injector-Manifold Development ............................ 22 Paper 6019 – Aluminum-Beryllium Composite Trade Study for Space Nuclear Applications ..................... 33 Paper 6024 – Multi-Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator Experience on Mars ...................... 41 Paper 6028 – DEMOCRITOS: Development Logic for a Demonstrator Preparing Nuclear-Electric Spacecraft ................................................................................................................................................... 50 Paper 6037 – Space Propulsion Optimization Code Benchmark Case: SNRE Model................................... 61 Paper 6040 – Development of a Sliding and Compliant Cold Side Thermal Interface for a Thermopile Inside a Terrestrial Mini-RTG ...................................................................................................................... 69 Paper 6042 – Pyroshock Dynamic Loading Impacts on Thermoelectric Module Assemblies and Bi-Couples in Multi-Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (MMRTGs) ...................................................... 80 Paper 6044 – Preliminary Analysis of Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) Ultra High Temperature Nuclear Thermal Rockets Capable of 1100s Specific Impulse .................................................................................. 93 Paper 6056 – A Six Component Model for Dusty Plasma Nuclear Fission Fragment Propulsion ............. 103 Paper 6060 – A Half-Gigawatt Space Power System using Dusty Plasma Fission Fragment Reactor ...... 114 Paper 6067 – Status of the Development of Low Cost Radiator for Surface Fission Power - II ................ 118 Paper 6069 – Multiphysics Analysis of Liquid Metal Annular Linear Induction Pumps: A Project Overview .................................................................................................................................................................. 128 Paper 6072 – A Point Design for a LEU Composite NTP system: Superb Use of Low Enriched Uranium (SULEU) ..................................................................................................................................................... 139 Paper 6085 – Effect of Sub-Sized Specimen Geometry and Orientation on High Strain-Rate Tensile Impact Ductilities of DOP-26 Iridium ..................................................................................................................... 147 iv Proceedings of Nuclear & Emerging Technologies for Space Paper 6004 (NETS) 2016 Huntsville, AL February 22-25, 2016 Mass Optimization of a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle Power Conversion System for a Mars Surface Fission Power Reactor Kurt E. Harris1, Yayu M. Hew2, Kevin J. Schillo3, Akansha Kumar4, Steven D. Howe5 1Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 2Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 3Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899 4Center for Space Nuclear Research, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 5Talos Power LLC, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 435-535-1414; [email protected] Abstract. In NASA’s Design Reference Architecture 5.0 (DRA 5.0), fission surface power systems (FSPS) are described as “enabling for the human exploration of Mars”. This study investigates the design of a power conversion system (PCS) based on supercritical CO2 (S-CO2) Brayton configurations for a growing Martian colony. Various configurations utilizing regeneration, intercooling, and reheating are analyzed. A model to estimate the mass of the PCS is developed and used to obtain a realistic mass-optimized configuration. This mass model is conservative, being based on simple concentric tube counterflow heat exchangers and published data regarding turbomachinery masses. For load following and redundancy purposes, the FSPS consists of three 333 kWe reactors and PCS to provide a total of 1MWe for 15 years. The optimal configuration is a S-CO2 Brayton cycle with 60% regeneration and two stages of intercooling. Analyses are mostly performed in MATLAB, with certain data provided by a COMSOL model of part of a low-enriched uranium (LEU) ceramic metallic (CERMET) reactor core. Keywords: Mars, FSP, CO2, Brayton, mass INTRODUCTION In 2009, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) published their Design Reference Architecture 5.0 (DRA 5.0) and stated that surface power on Mars would ideally be through fission power [1]. Their study indicated that nuclear power, over any other technology, would best allow for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) strategies, reduce power system mass, provide continuous high power generation, and have lower overall cost assuming a complementary
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