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Risks to Biodiversity from Hydropower in the 6 Power Development Plan

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Risks to Biodiversity from Hydropower in the 6 Power Development Plan Pilot Strategic Environmental Assessment in the Hydropower Sub-sector - Vietnam Final Report Risks to Biodiversity from Hydropower in the 6th Power Development Plan Prepared for The World Bank, MONRE, MOI and EVN by ICEM – the International Centre for Environmental Management and Bird Life International April, 2007 Citation: ICEM, (2007) Pilot Strategic Environmental Assessment in the Hydropower Sub-sector, Vietnam. Final Report: Biodiversity Impacts of the hydropower components of the 6th Power Development Plan. Prepare for The World Bank, MONRE, MOI & EVN, Hanoi, Vietnam. Disclaimer: The following material is provided for information only and does not constitute formal legal or other professional advice. Unless otherwise indicated, the authors have drafted the report. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in the report are those of authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank or the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The report is without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including, without limitation, warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. The World Bank specifically does not make any warranties or representations as to the accuracy or completeness of the report. Acknowledgements 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report has been prepared by ICEM - the International Centre for Environmental Management and Bird Life International for the World Bank in partnership with MONRE, MOI and EVN. The ICEM/BI team consisted of Barry Sadler, Jeremy Carew-Reid, Jack Tordoff, John Pilgrim, Nguyen Xuan Nguyen and Tran Nguyen Anh Thu. The report benefited greatly from detailed comments on an earlier draft by the following World Bank staff - Glenn Morgan (Lead Environmental Specialist), Anthony Whitten (Sr. Biodiversity Specialist), Juan D. Quintero (Sr. Environmental Specialist), John Morton (Environmental Specialist), and Allan Rotman (Lead Technical Specialist), Tran Thi Thanh Phuong, and Magda Lovie. MONRE, MOI and EVN senior staff participated through the pilot SEA Steering Committee and SEA Focus Group providing guidance, technical information and comment on methodology throughout the process. In particular the following staff contributing significantly to the pilot: Dr Nguyen Khac Kinh – Director of Department of EIA and Appraisal, MONRE Dr Dang Tung – Director Department of Science and Technology, MOI Dr Pham Khang – Vice Director, DEIAA, MONRE Ms Phan Thi Thuy Tien – Head, Department of Science, Technology and Environment (EVN) Mr Nguyen Van Thanh – Vice Director, Department of Science and Technology, MOI and head of the MOI Office of Environment Ms Le Thi Ngoc Quynh – DoSTE, EVN Mr Pham Anh Dung – DEIAA/MONRE Mr Tran Viet Hoa – Office of Environment, DoST, MOI More than 80 specialists from line ministries, EVN Regional Management Boards and Consulting Companies, and Provincial DONREs have participated in various stages of the pilot SEA from the initial scoping workshop in April 2006. They have contributed information, expert comments and guidance to the pilot which has help shaped this report. ICEM – the International Centre for Environmental Management Contents 4 CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................... 8 PREFACE................................................................................................................................................... 9 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................. 11 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 21 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND.................................................................................................................... 21 1.2 STUDY PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES ...................................................................................................... 22 1.3 SCOPE AND RELATED CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................................... 22 1.4 EXPECTED BENEFITS FROM THE STUDY................................................................................................. 23 1.5 ORGANIZATION AND USE OF THIS REPORT............................................................................................ 24 2 THE SEA PROCESS AND APPROACH............................................................................................... 26 2.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 26 2.2 ESSENTIALS OF OECD/DAC GUIDANCE.............................................................................................. 26 2.3 PHASE 1 OF THE SEA PILOT:SUMMARY OF PRELIMINARY STEPS AND OUTPUTS ........................................... 29 2.3.1 Preparatory work to establish the context of the study ....................................................... 29 2.3.2 Screening .............................................................................................................................. 29 2.3.3 Scoping ................................................................................................................................. 30 2.4 PHASE II OF THE SEA PILOT:MAIN STEPS AND OUTPUTS ........................................................................ 32 2.4.1 Definition of baseline scenario.............................................................................................. 32 2.4.2 Initial classification and qualitative assessment of impacts................................................. 32 2.4.3 Data collection and visual display......................................................................................... 33 2.4.4 Analytical methods ............................................................................................................... 33 2.4.5 Criteria for evaluation and classification .............................................................................. 33 2.4.6 Two-track assessment of biodiversity effects ....................................................................... 33 2.4.7 Formulation of safeguards and mitigation measures........................................................... 33 2.4.8 Presentation and communication of results ......................................................................... 34 3 OVERVIEW OF THE HYDROPOWER PLAN AND PLANNING SYSTEM ............................................... 35 3.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 35 3.2 HYDROPOWER WITHIN THE ENERGY SECTOR......................................................................................... 35 3.3 THE VIETNAM POWER DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY 2004-2010 AND VISION TO 2020.................................. 36 3.4 THE NATIONAL POWER DEVELOPMENT PLAN....................................................................................... 37 3.5 OPERATING, PLANNED AND PROPOSED HYDROPOWER PROJECTS .............................................................. 39 3.6 RESERVOIR SURFACE AREA AND RESETTLEMENT FOR EACH PROJECT........................................................... 41 3.7 REGIONAL, RIVER BASIN AND PROVINCIAL HYDROPOWER PLANS ............................................................... 42 3.8 PLANS FOR INDIVIDUAL PROJECTS. ..................................................................................................... 44 3.9 LINKAGES BETWEEN HYDROPOWER PLANNING PROCEDURES AND RELATED PLANS........................................ 44 3.10 INTEGRATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INTO THE HYDROPOWER PLANNING PROCESS ............................ 46 3.11 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................................................ 50 4 BASELINE SCENARIO ..................................................................................................................... 52 4.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 52 4.2 APPROACH.................................................................................................................................... 52 4.3 TRENDS IN VIETNAM'S BIODIVERSITY .................................................................................................. 52 4.3.1 Trends in pressure................................................................................................................. 52 4.3.2 Trends in state ...................................................................................................................... 55 ICEM – the International Centre for Environmental Management Contents 5 4.3.3 Trends in response ................................................................................................................ 57 4.4 IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PILOT SEA ..................................................................................................... 58 5 METHODOLOGY FOR SEA OF THE BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS OF THE HYDROPOWER PLAN .............. 61 5.1 APPROACH.................................................................................................................................... 61 5.2 OUTLINE OF THE METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................
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