Fact Sheet PRE-EMERGENT HERBICIDES
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fact sheet PRE-EMERGENT HERBICIDES FS3 fdacthal.doc\\mga296 LONG-TERM GARDEN WEED CONTROL and still grow shrubs and annual flowers Once weeds are allowed to establish and reproduce in an area they will soon spread. Even when regular preventative cultivation is carried out weeds often have adaptations enabling them to survive. Adaptations include: annual habit of growth and/or a short life cycle so that seed is produced in the shortest possible time; seeds which remain dormant in the soil until right conditions are given; underground storage organs - tubers or stolons, which enable the weeds to survive; ability to propagate easily from pieces of stem or root left in the ground. Some weeds have the ability to become prostrate, and are not cut when the lawn is mown. Other species have flowers and seed born close to the ground below mowing level. Pre-emergent herbicides such as chlorthal dimethyl and oxadiazon prevent weeds from germinating, but have no effect on most growing plants. Pre-emergent herbicides applied in autumn can prevent winter grass (Poa annua) from growing in established lawns, and some are effective in suppressing Soursobs, Thistles, and other annual grass weeds in garden beds even though shrubs and ornamentals are planted. Many soil-applied residual herbicides have to be incorporated into the soil before they can effect maximum weed control. Some of these herbicides are either volatile or broken down by sunlight and should be incorporated into the soil within a few hours of application. To be effective, most of these require moist soil in which the roots or shoots of germinating weeds are actively absorbing moisture. Follow the precise instructions printed on the product label if maximum benefit is to be achieved. Active ingredient Product Crop Application rate grams / 100 sq m chlorthal dimethyl Dacthal Turf 110-150 g (NOT fescue or bent) - ornamentals 110-150 g simazine Gesatop FW roses, ornamentals 25-45 ml CibaGeigy strawberries 20 ml Farmoz vines 70 ml Simagranz citrus 25-45 ml oxadiazon Ronstar Warm season Turf 2000 g (2 kg) ornamentals propyzamide Kerb WP50 couch 12 g Hortico Poakil buffalo NOT fescue, bent, rye NOT Kentucky blue ethofumesate Tramat couch 80 ml ryegrass fescue Kentucky bluegrass kikuyu bent The material provided in this table is intended only as a source of information and advice. The rates and instructions given on the product label should always be checked before use, and followed exactly. The author and ALMA INC accept no responsibility for any loss or damage howsoever caused arising out of the application of any product referred to in this guide. Source: PARSONS J M, 1995. Australian Weed Control Handbook Incitec Pty Ltd. Notes on tolerant ornamentals S:\1270 - ALMA\Website\Design\root\wp-content\uploads\2014\01\03.doc 1 of 2 9-Oct-14 Weeds controlled by common pre-emergent herbicides Botanical Name Common Name Botanical Name Common Name esate mide esate mide propyza propyza ethofum ethofum dimethyl simazine dimethyl simazine chlorthal chlorthal chlorthal Amaranthus spp amaranth y Cyperus rotundis nut grass n Amaranthus amaranth y Cucumis myriocarpus paddy melon, prickly y paniculatus Lepidium spp pepper cress n Amaranthus amaranth, dwarf y Euphorbia peplus petty spurge y macrocarpus Adonis microcarpa pheasants eye y Nicandra physalodes apple of peru; hops, y Setaria spp pigeon grass y wild Setaria glauca pigeon grass y Hordeum leporinum barley grass y Setaria italica pigeon grass y Echinochloa crus- barnyard grass y y Setaria geniculata pigeon grass slender y galli Setaria verticillata pigeon grass whorled y Xanthium spinosum Bathurst burr n Setaria viridis pigeon grass, green y Ipomoea plebeia bellvine n Setaria pumila pigeon grass, pale y Fallopia convolvulus bindweed, black y Portulaca oleracea pigweed y y Coronopus didymus bitter cress n y Trianthema pigweed, giant y Polygonum black bindweed y portulacastrum convolvulus Galinsoga parviflora potato weed n n y Hibiscus trionum bladder ketmia n Amaranthus powellii Powells amaranth y Ageratum houstonium blue billygoat weed n Bromus unioloides prarie grass n y y Anagallis foemina blue pimpernel y Latuca serriola prickly lettuce n y Amaranthus boggabri weed y Amaranthus red root amaranth y y mitchellii retroflexus Bromus spp brome grass y Amaranthus cruentus redshank y y y Tribulus terrestris caltrop y Chloris gayana rhodes grass y Phalaris canariensis canary grass y Chloris virgata rhodes grass, y Arctotheca calendula capeweed y n feathertop Sinapsis arvensis charlock n Plantago lanceolata ribgrass y Stellaria media chickweed y y y Salsola kali rolypoly y Richardia brasilensis clover, mexican y Lolium spp ryegrass y y y Trifolium spp clovers y Lolium multiflorum ryegrass, italian y y Bidens pilosa cobblers pegs n Lolium rigidum ryegrass, Wimmera y y Sorghum almum columbus grass y annual Cotula australis common cotula n n Echium plantagineum salvation jane y Heliotropium common heliotrope y Festuca rubra sand fescue y europeum Anagallis arvensis scarlet pimpernel y n Spergula arvensis corn spurry y Capsella bursa- shepherds purse n y y y Digitaria sanguinalis crab grass y pastoralis Erodium cicutarium crowsfoot y Apium leptophyllum slender celery n Eleusine indica crowsfoot grass y Amaranthus hybridus slim amaranth y Taraxacum officinale dandelion y Cirsium vulgare spear thistle n n y Lamium deadnettle y Cenchrus incertus spiny burr grass y amplexicaule Stachys arvensis stagger weed y Rumex crispus dock, curled y Acanthospermum starr burr n Rumex spp docks y hispidium Cuscata spp dodder y Urtica urens stinging nettle y Chenopodium album fat hen y y Tagetes minuta stinking roger n Festuca spp fescues y Erodium spp storksbill y y Fumaria spp fumitory n y y Erodium crinitum storksbill, blue y y Amaranthus viridis green amaranth y Erodium botrys storksbill, long y y Physalis angulata ground cherry Annual y Erodium moschatum storksbill, musky y y Physalis ixocarpa ground cherry Annual y Digitaria ciliaris summer, crab grass y y y Soliva anthemifolia hairy jo-jo n y Sonchus oleraceus thistle: sow/milk y n Heliotropium spp heliotrope y Datura spp thornapple n Cenchrus longispinus innocent weed y Emex australis three corner jack, y Sorghum halepense Johnson grass y doublegee Dichondra repens kidney weed y Kickxia spp toadflax y Urochloa panicoides Liverseed grass y Kickxia elatine toadflax y Lythrum spp loosestrife n Stylosanthes humilis Townsville lettuce n Eragrostis spp lovegrass y Rapistrum rugosum turnip weed n y Eragrostis curvula lovegrass African y Silybum marianum variegated thistle n n Eragrostis parviflora lovegrass, weeping y Vicia spp vetch, lucerne n Malva spp marshmallow n Carrichtera annua wards weed y Medicago spp medics n y Avena fatua wild oats n y Argemone mexicana Mexican poppy n Raphanis wild radish n y y Chenopodium Mexican tea n raphanistrum ambrosioides Brassica tournefortii wild turnip n y y Salvia reflexa mintweed n Chloris spp windmill grass y Cenchrus echinatus mossman grass y Poa annua winter grass y y y Cerastium mouse ear chickweed y Polygonum aviculare wireweed y y y glomeratum Weed is susceptible to herbicide y Brassica juncea mustard n y Weed is not affected by herbicide n Amaranthus spinosus needle burr y Urtica spp nettles y Solanum nigrum nightshade black y y Xanthium pungens Noogoora burr n S:\1270 - ALMA\Website\Design\root\wp-content\uploads\2014\01\03.doc 2 of 2 9-Oct-14 .