Saturday, 16 June 2018 Deep Learning: Everything You Want to Know: Part 1
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Saturday, 16 June Sunday, 17 June Monday, 18 June Tuesday, 19 June Wednesday, 20 Thursday, 21 June 2018 2018 2018 2018 June 2018 2018 Saturday, 16 June 2018 Go to top Weekend Course Deep Learning: Everything You Want to Know: Part 1 Organizers: Daniel Sodickson, Joshua Trzasko N01 Saturday 8:00 - 9:30 Moderators: Dong Liang & Joshua Trzasko What Exactly Is Deep Learning? Bradley Erickson 8:00 Deep learning has captured much attention because in many image recognition tasks, it surpasses human performance. The potential for this technology in radiology is substantial, and this talk will describe some of the areas in which deep learning has been or soon will be applied to improve radiological practice. Nuts & Bolts: How Does DL Work? Thomas Pock 8:30 In this talk I will highlight connections between recent deep neural networks and classical methods for solving inverse problems in computer vision and image processing. I will focus on variational methods, graphical models which are known to be extremely flexible and also come along with a deep theoretical understanding. It turns out that many iterative algorithms for solving variational and graphical models can be unrolled and hence interpreted as layers in a deep neural network. The structure provided by these methods helps in reducing the number of model parameters and hence are less prone to overfitting. Moreover, the structure helps in interpreting the learned model parameters. I will show applications to stereo, motion and image reconstruction. Limitations & Caveats of Deep Learning Jeffrey Fessler 9:00 This presentation will describe data-driven methods for image reconstruction, including adaptive dictionaries, sparsifying transforms, convolutional neural network (CNN) models, and deep learning techniques. It will also discuss limitations and challenges of such methods. 9:30 Break & Meet the Teachers Weekend Course Physics for Physicists: Part 1 Organizers: Matthias Günther, Herbert Köstler N02 Saturday 8:00 - 9:40 Moderators: Michael Steckner & Susann Boretius MRI: The Classical Description Adrienne Campbell-Washburn 8:00 This lecture will cover the basics of MRI physics and image formation using the classical description. It will describe the basic concepts in magnetic moments, net magnetization of tissue and precession, as well as the manipulation of magnetization using RF pulses and magnetic field gradients to generate an image. Spin echoes and gradient echoes will be described along with the basics of T1 and T2 relaxation and their effect on image contrast. The Bloch equations will be used to summarize the evolution of magnetization and pulse sequence diagrams will be introduced to describe image formation. MRI: A Systems Overview Ralf Loeffler 8:25 MRI systems consist of 3 main components plus computer systems for user interaction, measurement control and signal processing. The 3 components are dedicated to static and gradient magnetic field generation, as well as the RF system for RF transmission and reception. While the purpose of the components has not changed over time, actual implementation has due to technological advances as well as demands by new MRI techniques. This talk will present the basic designs for the different components and discuss current implementations and potential future developments. Bioeffects & Hazards from Static Field, Gradient, & RF Exposures Johan van den Brink 8:50 This talk provides an overview of the MR safety risks and its scientific background 9:15 T1- & T2-Contrasts & Their Molecular Origin Siegfried Stapf This tutorial aims at introducing the molecular mechanisms behind the relaxation times, and possible pitfalls in their experimental determination. The focus of the contribution is on the field-dependence of relaxation times, the importance of parasitic effects, and on addressing non-exponential signal behavior in a quantitative manner. 9:40 Break & Meet the Teachers Weekend Course Introduction to fMRI: Basics & Applications: Part 1 Organizers: Richard Buxton, Benedikt Poser, Joshua Shimony N03 Saturday 8:00 - 9:40 Moderators: Jonathan Polimeni & Joshua Shimony BOLD Signal Physiology Nicholas Blockley 8:00 To understand the strengths and limitations of functional MRI we must understand the interaction between the physiology of the brain and the physics of the measured signal. In this talk I will introduce the major physiological drivers of the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) effect and describe how they affect the MRI signal. We can then use this knowledge to consider how stimulus evoked changes in the BOLD signal can be quantified as changes in oxygen metabolism. Whilst the BOLD signal is considered to be complex, through this understanding, we can observe it provides a rich source of physiological information. Practical BOLD Acquisition Consideration Kevin Murphy 8:25 In this educational course, we will explain basic BOLD scanning parameters; what they mean and how they interact with each other. We will discuss ways to improve BOLD time series quality using external recordings of physiology. Finally, we will touch on complementary MRI sequences that can further denoise BOLD fMRI time series. 8:50 Basic Analysis of Task-Based fMRI Susan Francis The general linear model (GLM) is one of the most commonly used methods to analyse task-based fMRI data. This talk outlines the basic concepts of the GLM, how it is used to study block and event-related paradigms and associated statistical analysis, as well as some example applications. The talk will then describe some limitations of a GLM, and briefly outline alternative methods to study task-based fMRI paradigms, such as the phase-encoding or travelling-wave method, and independent component analysis. Introduction: Resting-State Functional Connectivity Jonathan Power "Functional connectivity" or "resting state" MRI has become commonplace in neuroscience over the last decade, and is increasingly used for clinical studies. This talk introduces some of the central concepts and findings in resting state fMRI. 9:15 Earlier talks will cover fMRI data acquisition, this talk will mainly discuss data analysis and interpretation. This talk will open by introducing a convenient way to visualize fMRI scans, and then will use this approach to visually fractionate resting state fMRI data (via multi-echo analyses) into non-BOLD and BOLD signals. Only BOLD signals are typically thought to be of interest, but both kinds of signals are prevalent in fMRI scans, and both kinds of signals correlate with cognitive and behavioral variables of interest, making it important to recognize the signatures of each kind of signal. We will discuss the spatial and temporal manifestations of these signals and illustrate how these signals influence functional connectivity properties. We will illustrate how individual denoising techniques remove particular kinds of signals, and that no single denoising technique removes all unwanted signals from a dataset. Effective denoising requires multiple simultaneous approaches to best isolate BOLD signals of interest. 9:40 Break & Meet the Teachers Weekend Course MR Systems Engineering: Part 1 Organizers: Gregor Adriany, Christoph Juchem, Mary McDougall, Greig Scott N04 Saturday 8:00 - 9:30 Moderators: Christoph Juchem & Sebastian Littin MR Systems Overview Hubertus Fischer 8:00 This educational talk provides a comprehensive overview on the building blocks of a clinical MR system. It concentrates on the essential functions to generate and to detect an MR signal, and how to achieve spatial resolution. It provides short look into the field generating unit, the RF transmit and receive system as well as the real time control unit. These topics outlined briefly as it is covered in detailed lectures of this session. The MR Systems overview is completed by covering the patient interface (patient table, communication and physiological triggering) and support functions as cooling, component supervision and RF shielding. Magnets: Design, Manufacturing, Installation, Present & Future Technology Ben Parkinson 8:30 This is an educational presentation to give ISMRM participants an understanding of the design and manufacturing processes required to produce a typical MRI magnet. The presentation explains the background to the magnetic field requirements for MRI and, using a worked example, explains typical MRI magnet design and the constraints under which that design occurs. In addition to the electromagnetic design, focus is placed on different cryogenic solutions for MRI magnets, and practical implementation of magnet design aspects. Shimming: Superconducting & Passive Shims; Higher-Order Shims, Shim Arrays & Dynamic Shimming Vincent Boer Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) rely on a strong and highly homogeneous magnetic field 9:00 inside the scanner. Although magnets have a highly sophisticated design, there are still several techniques used to homogenize the field. Secondly, all biological samples will induce (dynamic) distortion in the field due to the tissue magnetic susceptibility. In this part of the course both passive shimming of a magnet, as well as active shimming with a subject in the magnet, will be discussed. Furthermore, several new advanced shimming strategies have emerged recently, some of the most promising ones will be discussed. 9:30 Break & Meet the Teachers Weekend Course Advanced Clinical MR Imaging in MSK: Part 1 Organizers: Eric Chang, Garry Gold, Emily McWalter, Edwin Oei, Philip Robinson S01 Saturday 8:00 - 9:30 Moderators: Paolo Felisaz