Appendices Appendix A: Technical Exhibits
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Low-Energy Lunar Trajectory Design
LOW-ENERGY LUNAR TRAJECTORY DESIGN Jeffrey S. Parker and Rodney L. Anderson Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, California July 2013 ii DEEP SPACE COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION SERIES Issued by the Deep Space Communications and Navigation Systems Center of Excellence Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Joseph H. Yuen, Editor-in-Chief Published Titles in this Series Radiometric Tracking Techniques for Deep-Space Navigation Catherine L. Thornton and James S. Border Formulation for Observed and Computed Values of Deep Space Network Data Types for Navigation Theodore D. Moyer Bandwidth-Efficient Digital Modulation with Application to Deep-Space Communication Marvin K. Simon Large Antennas of the Deep Space Network William A. Imbriale Antenna Arraying Techniques in the Deep Space Network David H. Rogstad, Alexander Mileant, and Timothy T. Pham Radio Occultations Using Earth Satellites: A Wave Theory Treatment William G. Melbourne Deep Space Optical Communications Hamid Hemmati, Editor Spaceborne Antennas for Planetary Exploration William A. Imbriale, Editor Autonomous Software-Defined Radio Receivers for Deep Space Applications Jon Hamkins and Marvin K. Simon, Editors Low-Noise Systems in the Deep Space Network Macgregor S. Reid, Editor Coupled-Oscillator Based Active-Array Antennas Ronald J. Pogorzelski and Apostolos Georgiadis Low-Energy Lunar Trajectory Design Jeffrey S. Parker and Rodney L. Anderson LOW-ENERGY LUNAR TRAJECTORY DESIGN Jeffrey S. Parker and Rodney L. Anderson Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, California July 2013 iv Low-Energy Lunar Trajectory Design July 2013 Jeffrey Parker: I dedicate the majority of this book to my wife Jen, my best friend and greatest support throughout the development of this book and always. -
AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference
DRAFT version: 7/15/2011 11:04 AM http://www.alyeskaresort.com AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference July 31 ‐ August 4, 2011 Girdwood, Alaska AAS General Chair AIAA General Chair Ryan P. Russell William Todd Cerven Georgia Institute of Technology The Aerospace Corporation AAS Technical Chair AIAA Technical Chair Hanspeter Schaub Brian C. Gunter University of Colorado Delft University of Technology DRAFT version: 7/15/2011 11:04 AM http://www.alyeskaresort.com Cover images: Top right: Conference Location: Aleyska Resort in Girdwood Alaska. Middle left: Cassini looking back at an eclipsed Saturn, Astronomy picture of the day 2006 Oct 16, credit CICLOPS, JPL, ESA, NASA; Middle right: Shuttle shadow in the sunset (in honor of the end of the Shuttle Era), Astronomy picture of the day 2010 February 16, credit: Expedition 22 Crew, NASA. Bottom right: Comet Hartley 2 Flyby, Astronomy picture of the day 2010 Nov 5, Credit: NASA, JPL-Caltech, UMD, EPOXI Mission DRAFT version: 7/15/2011 11:04 AM http://www.alyeskaresort.com Table of Contents Registration ............................................................................................................................................... 5 Schedule of Events ................................................................................................................................... 6 Conference Center Layout ........................................................................................................................ 7 Conference Location: The Hotel Alyeska ............................................................................................... -
New Horizons: Reconnaissance of the Pluto-Charon System and The
C.T. Russell Editor New Horizons Reconnaissance of the Pluto-Charon System and the Kuiper Belt Previously published in Space Science Reviews Volume 140, Issues 1–4, 2008 C.T. Russell Institute of Geophysics & Planetary Physics University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA Cover illustration: NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft was launched on 2006 January 19, received a grav- ity assist during a close approach to Jupiter on 2007 February 28, and is now headed for a flyby with closest approach 12,500 km from the center of Pluto on 2015 July 14. This artist’s depiction shows the spacecraft shortly after passing above Pluto’s highly variegated surface, which may have black-streaked surface deposits produced from cryogenic geyser activity, and just before passing into Pluto’s shadow when solar and earth occultation experiments will probe Pluto’s tenuous, and possibly hazy, atmosphere. Sunlit crescents of Pluto’s moons Charon, Nix, and Hydra are visible in the background. After flying through the Pluto system, the New Horizons spacecraft could be re-targeted towards other Kuiper Belt Objects in an extended mission phase. This image is based on an original painting by Dan Durda. © Dan Durda 2001 All rights reserved. Back cover illustration: The New Horizons spacecraft was launched aboard an Atlas 551 rocket from the NASA Kennedy Space Center on 2008 January 19 at 19:00 UT. Library of Congress Control Number: 2008944238 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-89518-5 ISBN-978-0-387-89517-8 e-ISBN-978-0-387-89518-5 Printed on acid-free paper. -
Mars Helicopter/Ingenuity
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Mars Helicopter/Ingenuity When NASA’s Perseverance rover lands on February 18, 2021, it will be carrying a passenger onboard: the first helicopter ever designed to fly in the thin Martian air. The Mars Helicopter, Ingenuity, is a small, or as full standalone science craft carrying autonomous aircraft that will be carried to instrument payloads. Taking to the air would the surface of the Red Planet attached to the give scientists a new perspective on a region’s belly of the Perseverance rover. Its mission geology and even allow them to peer into is experimental in nature and completely areas that are too steep or slippery to send independent of the rover’s science mission. a rover. In the distant future, they might even In the months after landing, the helicopter help astronauts explore Mars. will be placed on the surface to test – for the first time ever – powered flight in the thin The project is solely a demonstration of Martian air. Its performance during these technology; it is not designed to support the experimental test flights will help inform Mars 2020/Perseverance mission, which decisions relating to considering small is searching for signs of ancient life and helicopters for future Mars missions, where collecting samples of rock and sediment in they could perform in a support role as tubes for potential return to Earth by later robotic scouts, surveying terrain from above, missions. This illustration shows the Mars Helicopter Ingenuity on the surface of Mars. Key Objectives Key Features • Prove powered flight in the thin atmosphere of • Weighs 4 pounds (1.8 kg) Mars. -
GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, and CONTROL 2020 AAS PRESIDENT Carol S
GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL 2020 AAS PRESIDENT Carol S. Lane Cynergy LLC VICE PRESIDENT – PUBLICATIONS James V. McAdams KinetX Inc. EDITOR Jastesh Sud Lockheed Martin Space SERIES EDITOR Robert H. Jacobs Univelt, Incorporated Front Cover Illustration: Image: Checkpoint-Rehearsal-Movie-1024x720.gif Caption: “OSIRIS-REx Buzzes Sample Site Nightingale” Photo and Caption Credit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona Public Release Approval: Per multimedia guidelines from NASA Frontispiece Illustration: Image: NASA_Orion_EarthRise.jpg Caption: “Orion Primed for Deep Space Exploration” Photo Credit: NASA Public Release Approval: Per multimedia guidelines from NASA GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL 2020 Volume 172 ADVANCES IN THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES Edited by Jastesh Sud Proceedings of the 43rd AAS Rocky Mountain Section Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference held January 30 to February 5, 2020, Breckenridge, Colorado Published for the American Astronautical Society by Univelt, Incorporated, P.O. Box 28130, San Diego, California 92198 Web Site: http://www.univelt.com Copyright 2020 by AMERICAN ASTRONAUTICAL SOCIETY AAS Publications Office P.O. Box 28130 San Diego, California 92198 Affiliated with the American Association for the Advancement of Science Member of the International Astronautical Federation First Printing 2020 Library of Congress Card No. 57-43769 ISSN 0065-3438 ISBN 978-0-87703-669-2 (Hard Cover Plus CD ROM) ISBN 978-0-87703-670-8 (Digital Version) Published for the American Astronautical Society by Univelt, Incorporated, P.O. Box 28130, San Diego, California 92198 Web Site: http://www.univelt.com Printed and Bound in the U.S.A. FOREWORD HISTORICAL SUMMARY The annual American Astronautical Society Rocky Mountain Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference began as an informal exchange of ideas and reports of achievements among local guidance and control specialists. -
News in Focus GETTY Ahead of a Lockdown Imposed on 14 April, Migrant Workers Queue at a Railway Station to Leave the City of Mumbai, India
The world this week News in focus GETTY Ahead of a lockdown imposed on 14 April, migrant workers queue at a railway station to leave the city of Mumbai, India. INDIA’S MASSIVE COVID SURGE PUZZLES SCIENTISTS The virus is spreading faster than ever before in India, despite previous high infection rates in megacities, which should have conferred some protection. By Smriti Mallapaty Delhi and Chennai had already been infected, Germany are also currently experiencing large leading some researchers to conclude that the outbreaks relative to their size, and nations he pandemic is sweeping through India worst of the pandemic was over in the country. including Brazil and the United States are at a pace that has staggered scientists. Researchers in India are now trying to pin- reporting infection rates of around 60,000– Daily case numbers have exploded point what is behind the unprecedented surge, 70,000 a day. But India’s daily totals are now since early March: the government which could be due to an unfortunate con- the highest recorded for any country, and have reported 352,991 new infections fluence of factors, including the emergence exceeded a peak of 300,000 cases seen in the Tnationally on 25 April. High numbers in India of particularly infectious variants, a rise in United States on 2 January. have also helped to drive daily global cases to un restricted social interactions, and low vac- COVID-19 case numbers started to drop in a high of 899,755 in the past week, breaking a cine coverage. Untangling the causes could India last September, after a high of around record set in January. -
January / February 2010
JANUARY / FEBRUARY 2010 THE MAGAZINE OF THE AMERICAN ASTRONAUTICAL SOCIETY ISSUE 1 VOLUME 49 SPACE TIMES • January/February 2010 1 AAS OFFICERS PRESIDENT Frank A. Slazer, Northrop Grumman EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT Lyn D. Wigbels, RWI International Consulting Services JANUARY / FEBRUARY 2010 VICE PRESIDENT–TECHNICAL Srinivas R. Vadali, Texas A&M University VICE PRESIDENT–PROGRAMS Kathy J. Nado ISSUE 1–VOLUME 49 VICE PRESIDENT–PUBLICATIONS David B. Spencer, Penn State University VICE PRESIDENT–STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS AND OUTREACH Mary Lynne Dittmar, Dittmar Associates VICE PRESIDENT–MEMBERSHIP Patrick McKenzie, Ball Aerospace T H E M A G A Z I N E O F T H E A M E R I C A N A S T R O N A U T I C A L S O C I E T Y VICE PRESIDENT–EDUCATION Angela Phillips Diaz VICE PRESIDENT–FINANCE Carol S. Lane, Ball Aerospace VICE PRESIDENT–INTERNATIONAL Clayton Mowry, Arianespace, Inc. VICE PRESIDENT–PUBLIC POLICY Peggy Finarelli, George Mason University/CAPR LEGAL COUNSEL Franceska O. Schroeder, Fish & Richardson P.C. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR James R. Kirkpatrick, AAS PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE 3 AAS BOARD OF DIRECTORS FEATURES TERM EXPIRES 2010 Linda Billings, George Washington University Martian Caves May Enable Sustainable Human Ronald J. Birk, Northrop Grumman Rebecca L. Griffin, GriffinSpace LLC Exploration of the Red Planet 4 Hal E. Hagemeier, National Security Space Office The ACCESS Mars report, written by a group of young space professionals Dennis Lowrey, General Dynamics Molly Kenna Macauley, Resources for the Future from the International Space University, tells the tale. Erin Neal, ATK by ACCESS Mars Team (ISU SSP09) Lesa B. -
Deep Space Navigation
Deep Space Navigation NASA Technology Roadmaps Review Robotics, Communications, and Navigation Workshop 29 March 2011 Lincoln J. Wood Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology Topics to be Covered • Information about speaker • General comments on roadmap • Comments on roadmap Section 2.1.4 • Radio metric tracking technologies • Frequency and timing technologies • Comments on roadmap section 2.1.6 • Communications technologies (brief overview) LJW - 2 Information about Speaker • Education – B.S., Cornell University, Engineering Physics – M.S., Ph.D., Stanford University, Aeronautics and Astronautics • With Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech, since 1977 – Various program management, line management, and technical analysis responsibilities in space navigation and mission design – Currently, Principal Engineer, Mission Design & Navigation Section • Associate Editor of – Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 1983-1990 – Journal of the Astronautical Sciences, 1980-1983 • Technical committee member – American Astronautical Society (AAS) Space Flight Mechanics Committee, 1980-1997; Chairman, 1993-1995 – AIAA Astrodynamics Technical Committee, 1985-1988; Chairman, 1986-1988 • Associate Fellow, AIAA; Senior Member, AAS and IEEE LJW - 3 Information about Speaker (Cont’d) • Author or coauthor of 70+ journal articles or conference papers on space navigation, trajectory optimization, or control theory • Pertinent recent publications include – Wood, L. J., “Interplanetary Navigation,” Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering, Vol. 5, edited by R. Blockley and W. Shyy, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, UK, 2010, pp. 3071-3084. – Wood, L. J., “The Evolution of Deep Space Navigation: 1989-1999,” in Advances in the Astronautical Sciences: The F. Landis Markley Astronautics Symposium, Vol. 132, edited by J. L. Crassidis, et al., Univelt, San Diego, 2008, pp. 877-898. – Wood, L. -
Geoscientific Research Global Positioning System
Geoscientific Research and the Global Positioning System Recent Developments and Future Prospects A Report of the University Navstar Consortium Summer, 1994 ii Contents 1 Overview . 1 1.1 State of the Art . 2 1.1.1 Complex Deformation in Plate Boundary Zones. 2 1.1.2 Capturing Earthquakes . 2 1.1.3 Continuously Operating GPS Networks . 4 1.1.4 Volcano Monitoring. 4 1.1.5 Post-Glacial Rebound . 5 1.1.6 Global Climate Change . 5 1.1.7 Ocean Circulation . 6 1.1.8 Atmospheric Sensing . 6 1.1.9 Space-Based GPS Meteorology . 7 1.1.10 Probing the Ionosphere . 7 1.2 The Future . 7 1.2.1 Permanently Operating Networks . 7 1.2.2 Multipurpose National Network . 8 1.2.3 Global Change Research . 8 1.2.4 Space-Based Meteorology . 9 2 Contributors to This Report . 9 3 UNAVCO. 9 4 Scientific Opportunities . 11 4.1 Deformation of the Earth’s Lithosphere . 11 4.1.1 Plate Boundary Processes . 12 4.1.1.1 Mantle Dynamics and Tibet . 14 4.1.1.2 The Pacific-North American Transform Boundary . 14 4.1.1.3 Complexity of Continental Convergence in the Eastern Mediterranean . 14 4.1.1.4 Southeast Asia and Indonesia Tectonics . 17 4.1.1.5 The Interior Western U.S. and the Transition to the Stable Plate Interior . 18 4.1.2 Volcanic Processes . 20 4.1.2.1 Kilauea . 22 4.1.2.2 The Yellowstone Caldera . 23 4.2 The Earthquake Cycle . 24 4.2.1 Loma Prieta . 26 4.3 Deep Earth and Whole Earth Applications . -
Guidance, Navigation, and Control 2014
GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL 2014 Edited by Alexander J. May Volume 151 ADVANCES IN THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL 2014 AAS PRESIDENT Lyn D. Wigbels RWI International Consulting Services VICE PRESIDENT - PUBLICATIONS Richard D. Burns NASA Goddard Space Flight Center EDITOR Alexander J. May Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. SERIES EDITOR Robert H. Jacobs Univelt, Incorporated Front Cover Illustration: Lockheed Martin is the prime contractor building the Orion multi-purpose crew vehicle, NASA’s first spacecraft designed for long-duration, human-rated deep space exploration. Orion will transport humans to interplanetary destinations beyond low Earth orbit, such as asteroids, the moon and eventually Mars, and return them safely back to Earth. Credit: Lockheed Martin. Frontispiece: Lockheed Martin’s state-of-the-art Space Operations Simulation Center (SOSC) has completed orbital simulation tests with hardware and data that was flown on NASA’s STS-134 space shut- tle Endeavour mission to the International Space Station. The tests have demonstrated the cen- ter’s ability to replicate on-orbit conditions that affect relative navigation, lighting and motion con- trol in space — providing a simulated space dynamics and lighting environment that is unparal- leled in the space industry. Credit: Lockheed Martin. iii iv GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL 2014 Volume 151 ADVANCES IN THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES Edited by Alexander J. May Proceedings of the 37th Annual AAS Rocky Mountain Section Guidance and Control Conference held January 31 – February 5, 2014, Breckenridge, Colorado. Published for the American Astronautical Society by Univelt, Incorporated, P.O. Box 28130, San Diego, California 92198 Web Site: http://www.univelt.com v Copyright 2014 by AMERICAN ASTRONAUTICAL SOCIETY AAS Publications Office P.O. -
Tiny Robotic Helicopter to Take Off with Mars 2020 Rover by Washington Post, Adapted by Newsela Staff on 05.25.18 Word Count 585 Level 720L
Tiny robotic helicopter to take off with Mars 2020 rover By Washington Post, adapted by Newsela staff on 05.25.18 Word Count 585 Level 720L The Mars Helicopter, a small, autonomous spacecraft. Image from NASA, JPL-Caltech NASA is the U.S. space group. It has spent 50 years exploring Mars, the fourth planet from the sun. NASA has sent orbiters and rovers to explore Earth's neighbor. But the space group's next mission is different. It will be the first to send a tiny robot helicopter to another planet. NASA made the announcement on May 11. It said the Mars Helicopter will fly inside the Mars 2020 rover when it launches in two years. The helicopter is a small spacecraft. Its spinning rotor is only about 3 feet long. The mission will serve mainly as a test of NASA's technology. The group has never done anything like this before. It wants to find out what is needed to fly a helicopter over a planet that is 140 million miles away. Thin Atmosphere It took four years of testing to create the helicopter. That is because operating a spacecraft on the Red Planet is difficult. Mars' atmosphere is very thin. The atmosphere is the layer of gases that This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. surrounds the planet. On Mars, hovering just 10 feet above the surface is like soaring 100,000 feet above Earth. That's because Earth has a thicker atmosphere than Mars. The altitude record for helicopters on Earth is 40,000 feet. -
Guidance and Control 2011
GUIDANCE AND CONTROL 2011 Edited by Kyle B. Miller Volume 141 ADVANCES IN THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES GUIDANCE AND CONTROL 2011 i CONFERENCE COMMITTEE Brent Abbott Surrey Space Vanessa Baez Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Lee Barker Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Jim Chapel Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Brian Clapp Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. David A. Chart Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Michael Drews Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Bill Emery University of Colorado Scott Francis Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Kristen Francis Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Bill Frazier Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Lis Garratt Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Larry Germann Left Hand Design Ian Gravseth Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Lisa Hardaway Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Steven Jolly Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Mary A. Klaus Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Alex May Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. James McQuerry Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Shawn McQuerry Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Kyle Miller Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Carolyn O’Brien Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Marv Odefey Left Hand Design Michael Osborne Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Brian Patterson Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. Chris Randall Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Ron Rausch United Launch Alliance (Retired) Jay Speed Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Cheryl Walker TASC, Inc. Zach Wilson Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co. THE 35th ANNUAL ROCKY MOUNTAIN SECTION GUIDANCE AND CONTROL CONFERENCE Will be held at Breckenridge, Colorado, February 3–8, 2012, Michael Osborne, Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co., Chairing ii AAS PRESIDENT Frank A. Slazer Northrop Grumman VICE PRESIDENT - PUBLICATIONS Prof. David B. Spencer Pennsylvania State University EDITOR Kyle B.