Achieving a City-wide Zero-carbon Lifestyle by Utilizing the Strength of its Residents

Attaining an Eco-Model City in Yokohama

Shuichi Abe Deputy Mayor, Yokohama

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International Seminar on Promoting the Eco-Model Cities for the Low Carbon Society December 14, 2008

Shuichi Abe Deputy Mayor, City of Yokohama

１ The City of Yokohama

◆ Population: 3,650,000 (Nov. 2008) ◆ Largest municipality in ◆ International port full of exotic atmosphere ◆ 150 year old port (2009）

Yamashita Park

Yokohama Chinatown

２ The Society that Yokohama Aspires to

◆ The Fundamental Plan for the City of Yokohama (2006) Present a future vision of Yokohama shared by all residents (until 2025).

The image of an environment city: A city of environmental action created through the knowledge of its residents. ■ Proactively protect the immediate surrounding environment. ■ Continue carrying out actions that create an environment of excellence. ■ Carry out our role as one member on this planet.

３ Environmental Policy that Utilizes the Strength of Our Residents: Yokohama G30 (waste reduction)

◆ Current situation: The amount of city waste produced exceeds population growth. ◆ Target: Reduce the amount of waste produced in FY2010 to 30% less than that produced in FY2001.

Thoroughly Sort Waste Launched in FY2003 Collect/Recycle Used Products

◆ Target reached (approx. 40% reduced in FY2007) ◆ Results of waste reduction ・Cost of rebuilding 2 incinerator plants: 110 billion yen ・Cost of operations: 3 billion yen A thorough campaign in various locations ・CO equivalent of 47% reduction 2 ・Explanatory meetings for residents (over 11,000) ・Campaign implemented at events, all city train stations, etc. ４ Environmental Policy that Utilizes the Strengths of Our Residents: Hama Wing

◆ Launched March 2007 ◆ Output: 1890kw ◆ Established a business model through cooperation between residents and businesspeople ・Construction costs: Residents’ contribution (approx. 300 million yen), government assistance (approx. 200 million yen) ・Operating costs: Support from city corporations (45 million yen/year) ◆ Special tours (enlightenment of knowledge)

５ Volume of Greenhouse Gas Produced by Yokohama

◆Total emissions (10,000t of CO2) ◆ Emission vol. per person (t of CO2)

＋16％ +4.5％ Target value （FY2010） 1,700 1,977 ー6％ 5.28 5.52 4.96

FY1990 FY2005 FY1990 FY2005

*Population: An increase of approx. 11% (3.22 million→3.58 million people)

６ Yokohama Action Plan to Stop Global Warming: (CO-DO30)

◆ Drawn up on January 21st, 2008 ◆ The world’s leading metropolis, Yokohama, will lead the action ◆ Stipulate action plans in 7 areas, including daily living, business activities, building, etc.

◆ Establish mid-to-long term reduction goals 5.74 t of CO2/person (compared to FY2004) 4.02 ・FY2025: Over 30% per person (-30%) 2.30 ・FY2050: Over 60％ per person (-60%)

2004 2025 2050

Declare intent to build a new society by combating global warming.

７ Outline of Proposed Eco-Model City

Achieving a City-wide Zero-Carbon Lifestyle by Utilizing the Strength of its Residents Promoting expansion and implementation of knowledge sharing and alternatives

◆ Maximize leveraging the abilities of the 3.65 million population and establish a

model that simultaneously achieves a drastic reduction in CO2 and builds a city that boasts a lifestyle free from global warming. ◆ A core project to steadily promote CO-DO30.

◆ Project points Other gases ・A household model to reduce CO2 emissions in Energy residents’ lives Waste 3.4% 2.0% Conversion 18.6% (homes, consumption, etc.) Business 16.9% ・A model that introduces renewable energy on a large scale through cooperation with residents Industry 14.9%

・A model that reduces CO2 emissions in transportation ・A model that invigorates the city and rural areas by Transportation 21.9% Household 22.2% stopping global warming Emissions by sector (FY2005)

８ Individual Projects

◆ Zero-carbon Lifestyle Project ・Energy-saving homes/200-year homes Expand CASBEE Yokohama. Give incentive allowance for energy-saving homes above in excess of a certain level. ・Promote energy-saving equipment and home electronics Utilize energy-saving navigation, visualization of energy-saving actions, improve structures that use environmental points, etc. ・ An image of Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Yokohama Communicate a zero-carbon lifestyle Head Office Adopt carbon offset at meetings and events over a certain size. (highest rank of CASBEE Yokohama) ◆ Yokohama Green Power Project ・Set target of adopting 10 times the amount of renewable energy Draw up adoption scenario/create adoption entity. ・Enact demand-growth plan for renewable energy Consider regulations (mandatory adoption consideration, etc.) on use and expansion of environmental values, such as green energy certificates. Raw Sludge Gas Digester Power Generator ・Yokohama Green Valley (Yokohama facility) Turn waterfronts into cutting-edge areas that utilize renewable energy. ９ Individual Projects ◆ Zero-emission Transportation Project ・Encourage adoption of low pollution/low fuel consumption vehicles Promote measures such as subsidies to encourage adoption, improve transit infrastructure, give preferential treatment for transit, etc.

・Reduce CO2 through improved transportation system and service Encourage carpooling. Seamless public transportation by both hardware and software (Upgrading accessibility of each transportation means) to create more attractive public transportation. ・Test a next-generation transportation system Eco Car World (over 60,000 participants every year) Test a motor traffic system that harmonizes with city space and environment through government, industry, and academia. ◆ Regional Partnership Project to Stop Global Warming ・Create a partnership model between city and rural areas

Build a unique structure that can utilize absorption of CO2 through improved forests as carbon offset. Build a model that utilizes thinned wood (biomass resources), such as in biofuel, development of new materials, etc. ・Share Yokohama’s knowledge about stopping global warming with the world Water source forest of Yokohama (Doshi Village, ) Share measures for escaping global warming with cities in Japan and overseas. Collaborate on policy. １０ Achieving an Eco-Model City: Issues drive the action! ◆ Issues unique to Yokohama, the largest city in Japan ・Need ways to gain residents’ understanding and motivate them to act ☆ City of Yokohama Initiative: Regional development leverages the G30 experience ・Create a structure in all 18 city wards to promote stopping global warming. ・Hold town meetings led by the mayor and deputy mayors. ・Open Yokohama Eco School, a place where government, industry, academia, and residents can teach and learn. ・Utilize incentives from environmental points, etc. →If Yokohama changes, then others will change Environmental town meeting (held 8 times: late November) ◆ Issues blocking project promotion ・Need a revision of current regulation and a reexamination of existing systems at the government level Improve legal system (Electricity Enterprises Law, Road Traffic Law, etc.) to adopt renewable

energy on a large scale and reduce CO2 in transportation. →Focus on spreading model businesses by relaxing regulations, etc. and build new systems. Spread throughout Japan and then the world.

１１ Achieving an Eco-Model City: Progress of discussions ◆ City of Yokohama Meeting to Promote Global Warming Countermeasures (July 4, 2008) ・Attended by the mayor, 4 deputy mayors, general managers of all wards, departments, and projects. Confirmation of promotion by all agencies. ・Began drawing up an Eco-Model City Action Plan (CO-DO30 roadmap).

◆ Study framework Household WT Business WT

Steering Committee Transportation WT

Renewable Energy WT City Hall WT (Held over 30 times to date: late November)

１２ Achieving an Eco-Model City: Current fiscal year initiatives ◆ Concerted action: Global warming countermeasures by 8 local governments (Eco Wave; July 2008) ・The City of Yokohama called for 8local governments to be engaged in the action, and on the first day of the Toyako Summit (July 7th) carried out concerted action in the Metropolitan Area.

◆ Lights out (synchronize turning off lights + a night of candlelight) ・Synchronized Lights Out in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area on July 7th (Minato Mirai Area: (left) before lights out, (right) after lights out) ・1,800 facilities in the city participated

(9.2t of CO2 reduced= amt. used by 4,200 people in 1 day; 27,000kWh of electricity saved）.

◆Alternatives (expand renewable energy) ・All 10 J. League clubs in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area decided to partner with “Eco-Wave”. ・10 games around July 7th were held as carbon offset matches (adopt 38,000kWh of Green Energy certificates).

１３ Achieving an Eco-Model City: Current fiscal year initiatives

◆ Launched a joint study group on global warming countermeasures in Yamanashi Prefecture, Doshi Village in Yamanashi Prefecture, and the City of Yokohama (July 2008) ・Study utilizing thinned wood from watershed protection forests and twigs in carbon offset systems, biofuels, and new materials, etc. ・Aim for building a model of cooperation and partnership between city and rural areas.

◆ Northern Sludge Recycling Center

Renovate digestive gases (methane, CO2, etc.） power generation facilities (August 2008) ・Through private-sector initiatives, implement PFI power-generating businesses that use digestive gases for fuels produced by sewage sludge disposal.

・Reduce CO2 emissions by approx. 25% (588t/yr) compared to current power generation facilities. In addition, expect an estimated 420 million yen cut in costs. １４ Achieving an Eco-Model City: Current fiscal year initiatives

◆ Join C40 (the leading climate leadership group representing the world’s largest cities; September 2008) ・Participate in various international conferences sponsored by C40 member cities and carry out joint-action initiatives implemented by C40 member cities.

・Apply outstanding examples of CO2 reduction by member cities to city policy planning, and share Yokohama’s pioneering global warming countermeasures and technologies with the world.

◆ A memorandum of understanding with Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. to examine a next-generation transportation system (November 2008) ・Agreement made to partner and work to create a next-generation transportation system that targets zero emissions. ・Incorporate an action plan to popularize electric vehicles and environmentally friendly eco driving after approx. 3 months of review.

１５ Achieving an Eco-Model City: Current fiscal year initiatives

◆ Yokohama SBIR: FY2008 corporate assistance for global warming countermeasures (November 2008) ・Technology development for global warming countermeasures (newly established): 3 companies (21.533 million yen) Development of new biofuels by 3-phase emulsion technology, etc. Yokohama SBIR: An organization that ・Administrative issues in global warming: 5 companies (23.444 proactively uses outstanding technical capabilities of small-to-mid-sized city million yen） businesses to solve technological issues Development of eco and energy-saving lighting systems for in administrative management. buildings, etc.

◆ Report on systems to promote initiatives to stop global warming (November 2008) ・An advisory committee mid-term report addresses present systems that should be promptly revised/strengthened (Plan for Global Warming Countermeasures, System for Environmentally Friendly Buildings, adoption of renewable energy, etc.) ・Present arguments for implementing discussions with residents concerning systems that greatly affect resident lifestyles.

１６ The 150th Anniversary of the Opening of Yokohama Port

An opportunity to think about Yokohama’s place in the world. Countdown to the 150th anniversary of Yokohama Port.

Thank you for your attention. [email protected] １７