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On Dean W. Arnold's Writing . . . UNKNOWN EMPIRE Th E True Story of Mysterious Ethiopia and the Future Ark of Civilization “
On Dean W. Arnold’s writing . UNKNOWN EMPIRE T e True Story of Mysterious Ethiopia and the Future Ark of Civilization “I read it in three nights . .” “T is is an unusual and captivating book dealing with three major aspects of Ethiopian history and the country’s ancient religion. Dean W. Arnold’s scholarly and most enjoyable book sets about the task with great vigour. T e elegant lightness of the writing makes the reader want to know more about the country that is also known as ‘the cradle of humanity.’ T is is an oeuvre that will enrich our under- standing of one of Africa’s most formidable civilisations.” —Prince Asfa-Wossen Asserate, PhD Magdalene College, Cambridge, and Univ. of Frankfurt Great Nephew of Emperor Haile Selassie Imperial House of Ethiopia OLD MONEY, NEW SOUTH T e Spirit of Chattanooga “. chronicles the fascinating and little-known history of a unique place and tells the story of many of the great families that have shaped it. It was a story well worth telling, and one well worth reading.” —Jon Meacham, Editor, Newsweek Author, Pulitzer Prize winner . THE CHEROKEE PRINCES Mixed Marriages and Murders — Te True Unknown Story Behind the Trail of Tears “A page-turner.” —Gordon Wetmore, Chairman Portrait Society of America “Dean Arnold has a unique way of capturing the essence of an issue and communicating it through his clear but compelling style of writing.” —Bob Corker, United States Senator, 2006-2018 Former Chairman, Senate Foreign Relations Committee THE WIZARD AND THE LION (Screenplay on the friendship between J. -
Tha Battle of Adwa.Book
THE BATTLE OF ADWA THE BATTLE OF ADWA REFLECTIONS ON ETHIOPIA’S HISTORIC VICTORY AGAINST EUROPEAN COLONIALISM Edited by Paulos Milkias & Getachew Metaferia Contributors Richard Pankhurst Zewde Gabra-Selassie Negussay Ayele Harold Marcus Theodore M. Vestal Paulos Milkias Getachew Metaferia Maimire Mennasemay Mesfin Araya Algora Publishing New York © 2005 by Algora Publishing All Rights Reserved www.algora.com No portion of this book (beyond what is permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act of 1976) may be reproduced by any process, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, without the express written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 0-87586-413-9 (softcover) ISBN: 0-87586-414-7 (hardcover) ISBN: 0-87586-415-5 (ebook) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data — The Battle of Adwa: reflections on Ethiopia’s historic victory against European colonialism / edited by Paulos Milkias, Getachew Metaferia. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-87586-413-9 (trade paper: alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-414-7 (hard cover: alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-415-5 (ebook) 1. Adwa, Battle of, Adwa, Ethiopia, 1896. I. Milkias, Paulos. II. Metaferia, Getachew. DT387.3.B39 2005 963'.043—dc22 2005013845 Front Cover: Printed in the United States This book is dedicated to all peoples of the world who have stood up to colonial subjugation and courageously sacrificed their lives for the love of freedom and liberty ETHIOPIAN TITLES Afe-Nigus — (“Mouthpiece of the Emperor”) equivalent to the U.S. “Chief Justice.” Asiraleqa — (“Commander of 10”) Corporal, as a military title. -
Victory at Adowa!
Victory at Adowa! March 1 Rastafari Online Special 1896 HIM Menelik II The Battle of Adowa The Battle of Adwa, in which Ethiopian forces under Emperor Menelik II united to defeat an invading force of Italian troops, was one of the most significant turning points in the history of modern Africa. It occurred, in 1896, when the “colonial era” was well advanced on the African continent, and it served notice that Africa was not just there “for the taking” by European powers. More than this, it marked the entry of Ethiopia into the modern community of nations: Menelik’s victory over the Italians caused the other major European states, and Italy itself, to recognise Ethiopia as a sovereign, independent state in the context of modern statecraft. The actual battle which took place on March 1 and 2, 1896, at Adwa, the principal market town of the North of Ethiopia, had been precipitated by the great rush of the European powers to colonise Africa. Italy and Germany had lagged behind other European powers — most notably France and Britain — in seizing large parcels of the Continent to colonise. Thus, the Conference of Berlin was convened in 1884-85 to “divide up” the remainder of Africa among the other European powers, anxious to obtain their own African colonies to satisfy the urge for imperial expansion and economic gain. Italy was “awarded” Ethiopia; all that remained was for Italian troops to take possession. Significantly, until this time, Ethiopia had been left alone by the European powers. Its coastal littoral was well-known to traders, but the heartland in the highlands was peopled by nations notoriously unwilling to accept and embrace external contact and influence. -
The Italian Áscaris. from Agordat to Adowa (Askaris Italianos
ISSN 2603-6096 The italian áscaris. From Agordat to Adowa (Askaris Italianos. Desde Agordat a Adowa) Marco Campari Independent investigator Received: 15/04/2018; Accepted: 28/04/2018; Abstract The term Ascari, which derives from a turkish word meaning soldier, has nowadays in Italy a very negative meaning: an Ascari is just a support person to a very important person, normally a politician and does all what it is ordered to do. It derives from a wrong reading of our colonial past and a certain deficence of knowledge of it; the Ascaris had a great part in building the Italian colonies, starting from the Colonia Primigenia, Eritrea. We will be able to understand the process of forming a very reliable military corps by a very young nation, with no colonial experience and less military history, through their first battles, and victories, and their first defeats in that corner of Africa which saw the Italian colonial adventure have place. keywords Ascari, Ethiopia, native, battalion, battle. Resumen El término Askari, que deriva de la palabra turca cuyo significado es simplemente soldado, tiene en la actualidad en Italia un significado muy negativo: un Askari es solo una persona de apoyo para otra más importante, normalmente un político, que cumple las órdenes sin cuestionarlas como si se tratara de un esclavo. Se deriva de una lectura errónea Marco Campari del pasado colonial italiano y un cierto desconocimiento del mismo. Los Askaris tuvieron una indiscutible protagonismo en la construcción de las colonias italianas, desde los primeros pasos en Eritrea, hasta la formación del imperio italiano en África formado por el fascismo mussoliniano. -
Adwa’S Otherafrican Peopleeverywhere
StudioNet is ready to take you on a avorful trip. Shall we oat all the way to the stars? Only those who will risk going too far can possibly nd out how far one can go. ADWA THROUGH ART & PAINTING & PAINTING ART THROUGH ADWA The spirit, ethos of Adwa Adwa and Its legacy has resonated in the hearts of all Africans over the generations, striving for dignity and nationalism. “ADWA- Through art “ is an attempt to portray and remind our readers about this powerful event through Ethiopian and European art. A detailed analysis and We are reconstructing the way Addis portals speaks to its audience. Read about the bold visionaries of our interpretation of Adwa require a series of books, this AP Edition is only a “thumbnail” of picture time and tell us about your bright ideas for tomorrow. of Adwa, past, and present and future endeavor. “AddisPortals” is an event oriented magazine “The Battle of Adwa” The Italian dream was turned into a nightmare, The Italians deafted published by StudioNet. The magazine is free to all readers and is also avilable on subscribtion basis and retreated with humiliation. On the other hand, the battle put Ethiopia on the map of @addisportals.com the modern world and had ramifications that are still being felt today by her own populace and by other African people everywhere. Adwa’s timeless impact on Ethiopians’ identity and All correspondance and advertising self-consciousness, the spirit, ethos, heroism, dignity, resistance and freedom from alien rule, inquires to: StudioNet dignified and noble, all of which, constitute integral parts of the Ethiopian psyche. -
Bono Massimiliano Da Curno-Treviolo, Reduce Dalla Battaglia Di Adua Di Rinaldo Monella, Pubblicata Il 2 Febbraio 2020
Storie di soldati Bono Massimiliano da Curno-Treviolo, reduce dalla battaglia di Adua di Rinaldo Monella, pubblicata il 2 febbraio 2020 Ritratto di Massimiliano Bono. Massimiliano nacque il 27 ottobre 1874 da una povera famiglia di contadini che risiedeva alla Cascina Aprile di Curno. Qualche anno dopo la famiglia si trasferì a Treviolo e qui il giovane ricevette la cartolina precetto per il servizio militare, venendo arruolato nel 2^ Reggimento Fanteria, 9^ Battaglione, matricola 730. Era il 1894 e, a quell’epoca, l’Italia era impegnata in quella che venne chiamata la “Guerra di Abissinia”, un conflitto che durò un decennio e che, per lo più, testimoniò grandi sconfitte per il nostro paese. www.combattentibergamaschi.it 1 Il teatro di guerra della Campagna d'Abissinia in una cartolina d'epoca. Già alcuni anni prima, il 26 gennaio 1887, presso il villaggio di Dogali, circa 500 nostri soldati, al comando del tenente colonnello Tommaso De Cristoforis, erano stati massacrati da oltre 10.000 guerrieri abissini al comando di Ras Alula Engida. Qualche piccola vittoria fu ottenuta contro i Dervisci a Sarobeiti, Agordat, Cassala (1892-1893) e contro il Ras Mangascià a Coatit e Senafe (1895) ma, in seguito, vi furono altre due pesanti sconfitte sull’Amba Alagi (dicembre 1895) e presso il Forte di Macallè (gennaio-febbraio 1896). A sinistra l’Amba Alagi e, a destra il Forte di Macallè. Il corpo di spedizione italiano, comandato dal generale Oreste Baratieri, fu impegnato duramente a Coatit, Amba Alagi e Macallè, dove Massimiliano fu presente, inquadrato nella 1^ Brigata del generale Giuseppe Arimondi (2^ Reggimento Fanteria del colonnello Ugo Brusati, 9^ Battaglione d’Africa del maggiore Baudoin). -
Quaderno 1 2013
I Quaderni della SCSM S C S M SOCIETÀ DI CULTURA E STORIA MILITARE N° 1, maggio 2013 Anno XIV www.arsmilitaris.org 1 I Quaderni della SCSM PRESENTAZIONE La Redazione dei Quaderni della SCSM ha deciso, sperando di fare cosa gradita ai nostri lettori, la pubblica- zione di un numero speciale della nostra rivista dedicato all’Africa, ed in particolare al colonialismo italiano del XIX e XX secolo. L’esperimento di un’edizione monotematica era già stato attuato, se ricordate, nel n. 20 (feb - braio 2011), quando l’intera puntata era stata dedicata alla Regia Marina. Il numero 1/2013 dei Quaderni si apre con il consueto Editoriale del Presidente Bernardini della Massa. La rassegna degli interventi inizia poi con un attento e, come di consueto, molto ben documentato articolo di Lanfranco Sanna, il quale ci introduce ad un argomento molto poco conosciuto in Italia, ovvero le guerre con- dotte in Eritrea dagli italiani contro i dervisci del Sudan. Purtroppo, come spesso e da molti decenni accade, spettacoli stranieri di un certo successo come ad esempio il film "Gordon", informano il pubblico italiano di epi- sodi estranei alla nostra storia, ma onorati in patria. Viceversa, neanche un frazione infinitesima di italiani sa che quelle guerre contro il "mahdi" che ci appaiono molto "britanniche", furono in realtà combattute e vinte an- che dai nostri soldati e dalle nostre truppe coloniali. Segue poi la ricostruzione di un fatto d’armi più conosciuto di quelli precedenti, se non altro per il nome e per - ché sfortunato per il nostro esercito: Adua, scritto da Piero Pastoretto e con la consulenza ancora di Lanfranco Sanna. -
The Italian Áscaris. from Agordat to Adowa
ISSN 2603-6096 The italian áscaris. From Agordat to Adowa Marco Campari Independent investigator Received: 15/04/2018; Accepted: 28/04/2018; Abstract The term Ascari, which derives from a turkish word meaning soldier, has nowadays in Italy a very negative meaning: an Ascari is just a support person to a very important person, normally a politician and does all what it is ordered to do. It derives from a wrong reading of our colonial past and a certain deficence of knowledge of it; the Ascaris had a great part in building the Italian colonies, starting from the Colonia Primigenia, Eritrea. We will be able to understand the process of forming a very reliable military corps by a very young nation, with no colonial experience and less military history, through their first battles, and victories, and their first defeats in that corner of Africa which saw the Italian colonial adventure have place. keywords Ascari, Ethiopia, native, battalion, battle. Resumen El término Askari, que deriva de la palabra turca cuyo significado es simplemente soldado, tiene en la actualidad en Italia un significado muy negativo: un Askari es solo una persona de apoyo para otra más importante, normalmente un político, que cumple las órdenes sin cuestionarlas como si se tratara de un esclavo. Se deriva de una lectura errónea del pasado colonial italiano y un cierto desconocimiento del mismo. Los Askaris tuvieron una Marco Campari indiscutible protagonismo en la construcción de las colonias italianas, desde los primeros pasos en Eritrea, hasta la formación del imperio italiano en África formado por el fascismo mussoliniano. -
Armies of the Adowa Campaign 1896 the Italian Disaster in Ethiopia
OSPREY Men-at-Arms PUBLISHING Armies of the Adowa Campaign 1896 The Italian Disaster in Ethiopia Sean McLachlan • Illustrated by Raffaele Ruggeri © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com Men-at-Arms • 471 Armies of the Adowa Campaign 1896 The Italian Disaster in Ethiopia Sean McLachlan • Illustrated by Raffaele Ruggeri Series editor Martin Windrow © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com ARMIES OF THE ADOWA CAMPAIGN 1896 ITALY’S EAST AFRICAN AMBITIONS n the late 19th century, Italy was one of the youngest of the European nations. It had only been politically unified under I the northern throne of Savoy – by force of arms – in 1861, and in human terms this unity was a fiction. Governments anxious to create a true sense of nationhood sought foreign quarrels, in the hope that war – any war – would unite Italians psychologically. Naturally, Italy lagged far behind in the race for colonies, and older and stronger powers such as Britain, France and Spain had already staked claims over much of the non-European world. One of the few remaining regions where Italy might prove itself by gaining colonies of its own was north-east Africa, on the western shore of the Red Sea. While the French had established a foothold at what is now Djibouti, and the British were expanding their colony in present-day Kenya and Uganda, a large region remained uncolonized – Abyssinia, today known as Ethiopia and Eritrea. This vast territory included high, arid mountains A striking portrait of an Eritrean and fertile valleys, as well as peripheral regions of desert and savannah. ascaro, in this case identified by A patchwork of different tribes inhabited these territories, ruled by a the badge and light blue tassel complex aristocratic hierarchy, and to a great extent following an on his tarbush or fez as serving with the Carabinieri paramilitary idiosyncratic version of Christianity. -
Local History of Ethiopia
Local History of Ethiopia Adi - Aero © Bernhard Lindahl (2005) Adi .., see also Addi .. adi, addi (T) country or village, especially one having its own church; adi, adii, hadi (O) 1. white; 2. kinds of acacia-like tree, Dichrostachys cinerea, D. glomerata; adi (Som) sheep and goats collectively; (Kefa) majesty HBR36 Adi (with seasonal waterhole) 04°48'/37°14' 04/37 [Gz] HBR45 Adi 1525 m 04/37 [WO Gu] HCH75 Adi (mountain) 07°02'/36°09' 1800 m 07/36 [WO Gz] JDH79 Adi (Fulde, Fuldeh, Foldi) (mountain) 09/41 [Gz Gu WO] 09°46'/41°34' 951, 1302/1372 m, WO has map code JDH89 HEM84 Adi Aba Jebano 12°34'/39°46' 1700 m 12/39 [Gz] HEM92 Adi Aba Musa 12°37'/39°31' 2626 m 12/39 [Gz] HFF42 Adi Abage (Adi Abbaghie, Addi Abaghe, Adabage) 13/39 [+ WO Gu 18] (Adi Baghe) 13°57'/39°36' 2399/2415 m 13/39 [Gz] (place and plain, British camp in 1868) 1960s Village on the main road, 50 km north of Kwiha. picts Ill. London News, 28 March 1868, General Napier's camp; D Mathew, Ethiopia, London 1947 p 198 drawing of camp of British troops in 1868 HEL89 Adi Abanawo 12°33'/39°18' 2267 m 12/39 [Gz] HFD78 Adi Abayo (A. Abaio) 14°13'/38°18' 1767 m 14/38 [Gz] Located with nearly equel distance to Aksum in the south-east and Mareb river in the north-east. Mentioned with this name by Mansfield Parkyns who passed there in late September 1843. [Parkyns vol I p 246] HEU15 Adi Abdera (Addi A.), see Adi Bidera 12°46' or 49'/39°49' 1658/1666 m HFE06 Adi Abergele 13°38'/39°00' 2010 m, near Abiy Adi 13/39 [Gz] HFE78 Adi Abeyto (A. -
The Italian Áscaris. from Agordat to Adowa», Guerra Colonial, (2018), Nº2, Pp.25-40
ISSN 2603-6096 Campari, Marco, «The italian áscaris. From Agordat to Adowa», Guerra Colonial, (2018), nº2, pp.25-40 The italian áscaris. From Agordat to Adowa (Askaris Italianos. Desde Agordat a Adowa) Marco Campari Independent investigator Received: 15/04/2018; Accepted: 28/04/2018; Abstract The term Ascari, which derives from a turkish word meaning soldier, has nowadays in Italy a very negative meaning: an Ascari is just a support person to a very important person, normally a politician and does all what it is ordered to do. It derives from a wrong reading of our colonial past and a certain deficence of knowledge of it; the Ascaris had a great part in building the Italian colonies, starting from the Colonia Primigenia, Eritrea. We will be able to understand the process of forming a very reliable military corps by a very young nation, with no colonial experience and less military history, through their first battles, and victories, and their first defeats in that corner of Africa which saw the Italian colonial adventure have place. keywords Ascari, Ethiopia, native, battalion, battle. Resumen El término Askari, que deriva de la palabra turca cuyo significado es simplemente soldado, tiene en la actualidad en Italia un significado muy negativo: un Askari es solo una persona de apoyo para otra más importante, normalmente un político, que cumple las órdenes sin cuestionarlas como si se tratara de un esclavo. Se deriva de una lectura errónea Marco Campari del pasado colonial italiano y un cierto desconocimiento del mismo. Los Askaris tuvieron una indiscutible protagonismo en la construcción de las colonias italianas, desde los primeros pasos en Eritrea, hasta la formación del imperio italiano en África formado por el fascismo mussoliniano.