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PLASTIC PIPES GROUP UI DA AND HOT NCE AND CENTRAL PIE COLD SYSTEM HEA TING NOTES WATE R Unic CI/SfB Nove l a mbe s JS1 r L7116 ( 201 53) (56) P71 In6 EPIC G 1 1 1 X7 1 HOT AND COLD In service the systems have many benefits over traditional materials. AND These include reduction in mechanical noise, no scale build up (as the smooth PLASTIC PIPE internal bore reduces the accumulation of limescale), and lack of corrosion. SYSTEMS No solder is required (which complies with Water Supply (Water Fittings) INTRODUCTION Regulations 1999). The pipes do not Plastic pipe systems are available in easily fracture when frozen as thermal a wide variety of materials. The most expansion is accommodated within the common are Polybutylene (PB) and length of a pipe run. Finally, low thermal Cross Linked Polyethylene (PEX), conductivity means that pipes carrying including barrier pipe that incorporates hot water are cooler to the touch. an barrier, and multi-layer The extensive range of fittings available composite pipes (MLC). These pipe for each pipe system enables reliable, systems can be used in hot and cold watertight joints to be made quickly water supply and central heating and easily in a wide variety of installations; in fact in most areas domestic and commercial systems. where traditional piping materials are used. APPLICATIONS The flexibility of the pipes, particularly Plastic pipe systems manufactured those manufactured in PB or PEX, from PB and PEX are available provides easy handling and installation. Kitemarked to class ‘S’ of BS 7291-1 They are available in both straight (Thermoplastics pipes and associated lengths and coils, which enables fittings for hot and cold water for ‘threading’ around obstructions domestic purposes and heating and through joists etc., reducing installations in buildings-Part 1:General Key – Table 1 l Excludes vent pipes the number of joints required. MLC requirements) – which ensures that pipes retain their formed shape. n Excludes discharge pipes from temperature they are safe for all classes of service and/or pressure relief valves conditions shown in table 1.The current s Where a nominal working pressure does not compromise an integer value, the mantissa is edition of the standard is dated 2010. expressed in a Fractional format. This is done to reduce the possibility of misinterpretation or obscurity that could cause a system to be subjected to an excessive pressure Table 1 – Classification of Service Conditions t 1 bar = 105 N/m2 = 105 kPa

Nominal Maximum System System System Flow System Service Malfunction Maximum Temperature (Tf) Temperature (Ts) Temperature (Tm) Working Pressur e s APPLICATIO N ln °C °C °C BA R t Indirect cold 20 20 - 31/2 water systems Direct mains-fed cold 20 20 - 12 water systems Subsurface 60 83 100 31/2 s Vented hot 65 83 100 31/2 water system s(1) Unvented hot water systems including instantaneous heaters 65 95 100 6 and/or incorporating storag e(1) Vented central heating systems and indirect hot 82 95 100 31/2 water primary circuits Sealed central heating systems and indirect hot 82 105 114 3 water primary circuits (1 )Continuously operated re-circulating systems are excluded from these applications – see page 10 for further details

2 CODES OF PRACTICE Plastic pipe systems should be designed and installed in accordance with the following standards and guides: BS 5449:1990 Specification for forced circulation hot water central heating systems for domestic premises. BS EN 12828:2003 Heating systems in buildings. Design for water-based heating systems. BS EN 12831:2003 Heating systems in buildings. Method for calculation of the design heat load. BS 5955-8 :2001 pipework (thermoplastics materials). Specification for the installation of thermoplastics pipes and associated fittings for use in domestic hot and cold services and heating systems in buildings. BS 6700:2006 Specification for design, installation, PRODUCT RANGES testing and maintenance of services Plastic pipe systems come in a wide Pipes are available in nominal supplying water for domestic use variety of types. Those Kitemarked to diameters of 10 to 110mm to within buildings and their curtilages. Class ‘S’ of BS 7291 are suitable for the cover a wide range of applications. BS 8000-15:1990 applications described previously. Different manufacturers’ supply different size ranges. Workmanship on building sites. The following information provides an Code of practice for hot and cold outline of the wide choice available in Pipes are available as straight lengths water services (domestic scale). plastic pipe systems. Care should be or coils. Coiled pipes are supplied in PAS 33 taken to ensure that the jointing longer lengths, which can be threaded Specification for the design, installation mechanism and fittings used are those in continuous runs through the fabric and commissioning of gas fired central recommended by the manufacturer of a building reducing the number of heating systems in domestic premises. for the system. joints required. Water Industry Act 1991 Plastic pipe systems are available in A wide variety of fittings are available Water Supply (Water Fittings) a range of plastic materials including to cater for all installation requirements. Regulations 1999. polybutylene, PPSU and cross-linked Manufacturers also offer their own polyethylene. range of accessories such as conduit The Building Regulations 2000 pipe, pipe clips, pipe clip spacers, cold Barrier pipes generally have an (approved documents A, G and L). forming bends, pipe cutters etc. intermediate polymeric layer bonded The manufacturers’ brochures should to the pipe wall on either side by an be consulted for the full range of adhesive layer that forms a barrier to fittings available for each system and the passage of oxygen. In MLC systems their compatibility with other systems. an intermediate layer of metal, such as aluminium is bonded between the two plastic layers.

3 JOINTING SYSTEMS INSTALLATION A variety of jointing systems are General available for plastic pipe systems. General information on installing Care should be taken to ensure that plastic pipe systems is given below. the correct jointing mechanism for the However, the manufacturer’s installa - system is used. To ensure the jointing tion instructions should always be system is compatible, the relevant followed for each specific system. manufacturer’s literature should be Many manufacturers run their own consulted. The most common jointing training schemes, and information system in the UK for domestic on these can be obtained direct applications is the push-fit. A support from the manufacturer. sleeve is inserted into the pipe end and the pipe simply pushed firmly into Pipe Cutting the fitting to an insertion mark or Pipes should be cut using the specified depth. A quick tug back on manufacturer’s recommended pipe the pipe ensures the joint is secure. cutter. A hacksaw or craft knife should Push fit joints incorporate a rubber seal never be used since this can leave and a gripping mechanism to provide a roughened or out-of-square end. a secure mechanical connection. They The cut pipe should be checked for are generally ‘demountable’ either by burrs or scoring and any roughness, unscrewing or by using a special tool. grit, dirt or swarf should be removed Other systems include prior to jointing. • Mechanical compression jointing Jointing the fitting compresses the pipe The widely used push fit joints are ensuring the tightness of the joint made by first inserting a pipe support without the use of any sealing sleeve into the pipe. It is essential to material. Special tools are sometimes use a support sleeve in order to make required and a support sleeve a good joint. The support sleeve must should always be used. be pushed fully into the pipe end. • Press fit jointing The pipe is then pushed firmly into incorporating a metal outer sleeve the fitting. To ensure the pipe has been and plastic or metal body with pushed to the full socket depth, ensure integral inserts. the insertion depth marks on the pipe Using a special power tool the align with the outer end of the fitting. outer sleeve is pressed to grip the If insertion marks are not marked on pipe to the fitting body. the pipe or the pipe is being installed • Fusion jointing in an area where the marks are not the pipe and fitting are heated until clearly visible then the insertion their surfaces melt. The two molten depth can be marked on the pipe surfaces are brought together in advance of jointing using a suitable and joined. As they cool the two marker. Manufacturer’s literature surfaces fuse together. Special tools should be consulted for the correct are required. insertion depths. Most push fit joints are capable of being rotated and • Electrofusion dismantled. This enables the joints similar to the above but electrofusion to be re-aligned or dismantled after is used to melt the surfaces. installation and some or all of the components may be re-used in re-assembly. The manufacturer’s instructions should be followed and in some cases a special tool may be required. For other jointing techniques the manufacturer’s literature should be consulted.

4 CONNECTION TO OTHER SYSTEMS Many plastic pipe systems, especially the push fit ranges, can be connected to other pipe materials. Copper pipe The copper pipe should be cut square, using a wheel cutter. Before jointing ensure the pipe ends are free from burrs or swarf and undamaged or dented. Where specified by the manufacturer an appropriate copper pipe end-protector should be inserted. Connection to metric copper pipe to BS EN 1057 (Copper and copper alloys. Seamless, round copper tubes for water and gas in sanitary and heating applications) can be made using most push fit connectors. Connection to other copper pipe sizes will require a change of ring seal in the fitting or use of an appropriate adaptor. Where flexible pipe is suitable for jointing to compression fittings a pipe support Connection to Bending sleeve should always be used in the and heaters flexible pipe. A bend is made by installing a fixing at Direct connections to BS 7291 one end and gently curving the pipe Chrome plated copper Class ‘S’ pipes can be made where by hand (using an appropriate tool and stainless steel pipe boilers incorporate a high limit cut where necessary) to the required Push fit fittings are not suitable for out and a pump overrun shape, and then installing a second use with chrome plated copper pipe device and have connections outside fixing at the other end. Alternatively, or stainless steel pipe due to the the boiler casing 350mm from the bends can be supported with an differences in surface hardness of heat source. If any of the above criteria appropriate bend former. Care should the materials. Compression fittings for direct connection to a boiler cannot be taken not to bend the pipe beyond or suitable adaptors should be used. be met a minimum one metre run its recommended bending radius as of copper pipe should be installed this can cause kinking. Pipes that have Incoming service pipes between the boiler and the start of been damaged during bending should The manufacturer’s recommendations the plastic pipe system. In all cases not be used. Details of the bending as to the correct method of jointing (including instantaneous water heaters, radius can be obtained from the to incoming service pipes should caravan heaters etc.) care should be manufacturer’s literature. It is generally be followed. taken to ensure that the appliances 12 times the pipe diameter for have the appropriate thermostatic unsupported pipe and 8 times the Appliances, taps, ancillaries, controls and cut outs to ensure that pipe diameter for supported pipe. storage vessels, radiators etc. operating conditions do not exceed The manufacturer’s advice should be the temperature and pressure limits sought. Most systems will include a laid down for Class ‘S’ pipes. suitable adaptor or connector fitting For any type of , all water for any required connection. connections should be extended from the appliance to the outside of the opening in copper tube. In instances where the heat output may be uncontrolled a minimum one metre run of copper pipe should be used between the boiler and the start of the Class ‘S’ plastic pipe system. Any gravity circuit of a solid fuel boiler should always be installed in copper.

5 Fixing The inherent flexibility of plastic pipe Plastic pipe systems manufactured systems means that there is generally no in PB or PEX in diameters less than need to make any special provision for 32mm are not self-supporting and thermal expansion. Each manufacturer must be adequately supported in supplies the appropriate fixings for accordance with the support centres their pipe and these should be detailed in BS 5955:Part 8:2001. installed in-line with each individual manufacturer’s guidelines. Where piping is adequately supported or is run within concealed spaces The screw-in type fixing may be used (e.g. through suspended timber floors), with a spacer, which provides a greater clips can be reduced or omitted spacing between the pipe and the fixing provided that: background. This allows for different pipe fixing centres, which can be used • The pipe will not be subjected to enable pipe cross-overs or the to vigorous movement. installation of . • The pipe does not form part of For other pipe materials, including MLC’s, an open vent provided for safe and larger diameters the manufacturer’s operation of a heat source, boiler literature should be consulted. or hot water vessel. Pipe routing • The pipe does not form a distribution pipe or circuit where effective air The flexibility of these systems allows venting might be impaired by poor pipes to be threaded through the pipe alignment. fabric of the building: – through stud partitions, dry walling, steel structural • Hot pipes will not touch cold pipe members and drilled holes in joists. or vice versa. Threading through joists • There is no risk pipe will come into contact with sharp, abrasive or other Pipe systems using traditional materials potentially damaging surfaces. are installed by notching joists, which means that pipes are located very • There is no risk pipe will come close to the underside of floorboards. into contact with hot surfaces or This can result in damage to pipe during transmitted heat that may melt the subsequent floor laying or partition pipe e.g. inset lighting. wall fixing. The thermal movement of • There is no risk the pipe will come pipe against notched joists gives rise to in contact with materials that may noise and difficulties in fitting insulation suffer damage or discoloration from where required. transmitted heat. Flexible pipe can be threaded through holes drilled in the joists allowing pipework to be installed from below, after the flooring has been laid. This has important health and safety advantages enabling more accurate setting out for ‘second fix’ connections to appliances and easier insulation.

6 2 Q 1 t E h g i e H t s i o Q J E

Drill Zone

1 Maximum dia. of hole = Joist height x 0.25

2 Minimum distance between hole centres = Largest hole dia. x 3

Drilling limits within the drilling zone

Traditional timber joists Threading through They consist of a flexible plastic pipe Holes must be located in the correct engineered joists run inside a slightly larger conduit pipe. zones of the joist span, which is different Plastic pipe systems are ideal in This prevents the need for expensive from the notching zone. The permitted buildings incorporating engineered ‘ I’ pipe ducting systems that require zone for holes is between 0.25 and 0.4 section composite timber joists, continuous timber access boarding. of the joist span (see diagram above) The piping can be installed through The conduit system should be installed holes in the web section without Within the drilling zone, the holes so that the pipe within the conduit damaging flange members. must be located on the central axis may be removed for replacement, by of the joist, with the centre lines disconnecting the exposed ends and Threading through steel withdrawing it through the conduit. spaced no closer than three times the structural members largest diameter apart. The maximum For further installation recommendations In fabricated steel framing systems, size of hole must not exceed one refer to the manufacturer. The system plastic pipes can be simply threaded quarter of the joist height. should be pressure tested before the through the open webs of the screed is laid. The thickness of the Once the drill positions have been framework. Some mechanical protection screed will depend upon the loading determined and marked on the first should be provided to prevent chaffing requirements of the floor and the joist, a batten can be used as a quick of the pipe walls where these rest on screed should be laid in accordance measuring template to transfer the the steel members. with the relevant requirements of BS position of the hole to other joists. 8204-1:2003 (screeds, bases and in-situ Laying pipes in concrete floors Holes can be drilled by using a drill floorings. Concrete bases and cement Unlike metal pipes, plastics are not with an angle chuck (suitable eye sand leveling screeds to receive affected by cement, limes, mortars, protection should be worn). When floorings. Code of Practice.) concrete and general corrosion. the holes have been drilled, the flexible They can therefore be installed directly pipe can be threaded into position. in screeded floors. However, account When pipework is installed in notches should be taken of the requirements in the joists, structural timbers should of the Water Regulations, which be notched only with the permission require distribution pipework to be of the architect or a structural accessible to facilitate its repair and engineer and should be in accordance replacement. The pipe-in-conduit with BS 6700:2006. systems supplied by many manufacturers are ideal for installation directly into concrete floors.

7 Wall and floor penetrations Pipes which pass through blockwork, brickwork, solid floors, concrete, steelwork and similar abrasive constructional elements should be protected from mechanical damage by the use of a plastic sleeve. This sleeve should project at least 3mm beyond the wall etc. at either end. The use of a protective sleeve is particularly important if there is any likelihood of structural movement. Whenever the pipe passes through a firewall or floor where firestopping is required, the fireseal should be wrapped in foil or otherwise prevented from contact with the pipe. Proprietary foil clad intumescent products are available from a number of manufacturers.

Installing pipes in walls Electrical bonding Painting 10mm plastic pipe systems can be There is no risk of electric shock Most plastic pipe systems can be accommodated behind ‘dot and dab’ from plastic pipes, as they do not painted if required. It is preferable plasterboard walls to give a pipe free conduct electricity. to use emulsion paints but oil based appearance within the room. When (see www.plasticpipesgroup.com gloss paints in conjunction with an installing pipes in dry lined walls care Bulletins Index - earthbonding) undercoat can be used. Cellulose should be taken to avoid running the paints, or other coatings which contain Where the pipe forms a break in the pipework along any obvious fixing solvents, should never be used. Before continuity of existing metal pipe, which zone i.e. at skirting level or where painting ensure the surface of the pipe may have been used for earthing or curtain rails may be fixed. Lateral pipes is clean, dry and free from grease and bonding, the electrical continuity should be run horizontally in line with silicone compounds. should be reinstated. The bonding lead plasterboard penetrations and should be fixed permanently to both If repainting is required, chemical paint drops should be run vertically, side by ends of the existing metal pipework. strippers and hot air guns should not side, at one end of the radiator position. be used. Plastic pipe systems can be easily Insulation threaded through studwork and within The inherent resilience and flexibility of Woodworm/Timber Treatment wall systems during construction. plastic pipes offer considerably increased Aqueous based solutions are generally This method is often used for running resistance to damage from freezing. acceptable when treating timber for feeds to radiators or where concealed woodworm or timber rot. However, The pipe walls are able to deform plumbing is required. Unlike pipe care should be taken to protect and under pressure from the internal systems that use traditional materials, cover the pipes and fittings before expansion and will resume their plastic pipe systems can be easily spraying. It is preferable to carry out original shape without damage withdrawn, in-line with Building any spraying prior to installation of the after thawing. Regulations. pipework. Solvent based treatments However, plastic pipes do not provide should not be used. any resistance to freezing which may prevent the system from functioning and can cause damage to metallic parts of the system. Therefore it is always advisable to provide insulation in accordance with the Building Regulations in situations where there is any likelihood of freezing.

8 Pressure testing SYSTEM DESIGN Heating Design When the installation is complete, The use of plastic pipe systems does Domestic central heating systems pressure testing of the pipework and not impose any constraint on the should be designed in line with fittings in accordance with the design of hot and cold water or conventional practice. The heating guidelines laid down by the Water central heating systems. demands for particular rooms can Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations be calculated as detailed in the CIBSE Plastic pipe systems can be used in 1999 and as recommended in BS (Chartered Institute of Building Service exactly the same way as those utilising 6700:2006 must be carried out. Engineers) Guide Part A. To calculate traditional materials, however the This should always be carried out the pressure drop in the pipes flexibility of most plastic pipe provides before the next building process covers connected to each radiator, the total a wider and more flexible range of the pipes e.g. screeding of floors or length of pipe is defined as the sum design options. laying of floorboards. These regulations of the lengths of flow and return pipes stipulate a minimum pressure condition Many manufacturers supply manifolds from the manifold to the radiator. for testing that may be below individual for use on central heating systems. manufacturer recommendations. These provide an opportunity for Expansion Control modular system design. One manifold In typical domestic applications, special Care should be taken to ensure that is used in the flow pipework, and a provision for thermal movement is not the pressure used does not exceed second, matching unit, is provided in normally required, as expansion is the figures recommended by the the return line. Individual manifolds can absorbed by the natural flexibility of manufacturers for other components of be joined together to provide multiple the pipe. However, reference should the system such as pumps, cylinders etc. flow/return circuits. always be made to individual manufacturer’s instructions. Corrosion Inhibitors Pipe Sizing Corrosion Inhibitors should be used in Where long runs of pipe are to be In small, simple installations such as all heating circuits in the normal way installed, provisions are required to those in single dwellings, pipes can be to prevent corrosion of steel radiators control thermal movement and retain sized on the basis of experience and and other vulnerable components. the proper alignment of the system. convention. In these cases it should be Most proprietary anti-corrosion It is important to assess the amount noted that although the nominal compounds and central heating of thermal movement on each pipe internal diameters of plastics pipe anti-freeze admixtures used at the run or pipe section. systems are often slightly less than that normal recommended levels do not of the equivalent traditional material, *Proprietary guide brackets, which allow affect the majority of plastic pipe systems. this slight reduction has no significant the pipe to slide within them during Flushing effect on capacity. The plastic pipe thermal movement, and anchor points are systems will maintain their internal required to control thermal movement. Once a central heating system diameter throughout their working life, Anchor points should be formed at installation is complete it should be whilst traditional metal systems are couplings or tees. An anchor point can flushed and filled in accordance with susceptible to deposits of fur and scale. be formed by locating two guide brackets BS 7593:1992 (Code of practice for Similarly, the smooth internal surface of directly against the opposing socket face the treatment of water in domestic the plastic pipe systems and the ease of the fitting. Where expansion movement hot water central heating systems). with which they can be formed into long on a pipe section is only acting in one Disinfecting radius bends reduces frictional losses. direction, a single guide bracket may be used to form an anchor point. Once the system has been tested and In all other cases the probable flow The maximum distance between anchor approved the potable system should rates and pipe sizes required should be points should not exceed 6m. If it is be disinfected in accordance with calculated using a recognized method necessary to form an anchor point near BS 6700:2006. such as that in BS 6700:2006, Annex D an elbow, then an additional coupling and BS 5955:Part 8:1990. should be installed. The Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide published by the Institute of Plumbing provides guidance on pipe sizing.

9 Provision for pipe expansion should be incorporated between each anchor point. There are two ways of allowing for pipe expansion - Flexible arm or Expansion loop. Flexible arm: this needs to be long enough to allow the pipe to flex naturally without causing any damage. Expansion loop: this is a method of allowing for pipe expansion in the middle of a pipe section. Pipes can also be laid on a continuous support such as a cable tray. The thermal movement can then be accommodated by the ‘snaking’ of the pipe. It is necessary to prevent upward movement to stop the pipe coming into contact with pipe at a different temperature or electrical wiring.

Expansion loop Health and Safety Continuously operated Where a cold water pipe is installed in Prior to installing plastic pipe systems re-circulating systems (Secondary high ambient temperature conditions, it is important read the relevant hot water circulation/Ring provision for thermal movement due to manufacturer’s health and safety main installations) contraction should also be considered. and installation guidelines. A continuously operated re-circulating system is a water-replenished Sound Limitations circulating system which is maintained Problems with noise are frequently In general, plastic pipe systems should at a constant high temperature to experienced with systems incorporating not be used for pipelines carrying provide a constant source of hot water. rigid metal pipes. These include water steam, gases, fuel oil, petroleum or Continuously operated re-circulating hammer and ‘ticking’ during expansion water containing high levels of chlorine systems are used to distribute constant and contraction of the metal pipe. such as swimming pool installations. hot water to draw off points that may Plastic pipe systems do not transmit When in doubt or for particular be distant from the heat source or hot noise and with careful installation can requirements, the advice of the water storage vessel. Continuously be installed to run almost silently. manufacturer should be sought. operated re-circulating systems are very different from conventional hot Plastic pipe systems should not be water supply and central heating used for the primary circuit of solar systems found in domestic properties, heating systems where the temperature for which our products have been cannot be thermostatically controlled. tested to, under either BS 7291 2010 In general plastic pipe systems should Class S or WRAS approval standards, not be installed in locations where and for this reason these products they are likely to be exposed to must not be used on any continuously excessive levels of ultra violet light, operated re-circulating systems as they such as in direct sunlight or where are not approved under the current artificial sources of UV are in use. version of these standards. If such exposure is unavoidable, Manufacturers own technical the pipes should be encased in a information should always be protective ducting or similar. consulted as specific product limitations may apply.

10 Applications Plastic plumbing systems are suitable for: • Domestic, industrial, commercial projects and for the following functions: • Hot water supply - excluding re-circulating systems • Cold water supply - including drinking water, • Heating: - radiators, underfloor, district Other applications The flexibility and low weight of these pipes make them ideal for use in a variety of other applications: Boats can be easily threaded around the interior cavities and hidden behind bulkheads. Caravans can be fitted in confined spaces ADVANTAGES Flexibility benefits without damage to the fabric of the OVER TRADITIONAL • Available in coils up to 63mm dia. vehicle or adding undue weight. METAL SYSTEMS • Longer pipe runs: fewer joints Exhibitions Material benefits the demountable joints available • Can be run round obstructions of high performance engineered polymers with many flexible systems make • Faster installation them ideal for the temporary nature Physical of exhibitions. • Lower weight • Absorbs thermal expansion Portable buildings • Reduced risk of theft: lower Jointing benefits plastic pipe systems comply with Water scrap value • Choice of jointing options Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999 • Impact resistant - Push-fit and allow the building to be moved with - Crimped minimum disruption to internal systems. • Reduced risk of freeze-bursting - Electro-fusion Performance in service • No naked flames required • Smoother bore: improved flow/velocity • Can be jointed to existing metal systems • Extra resistant to corrosion • No scale build-up • Lower thermal conductivity - Cooler to touch/safer • Lower noise transmission: quieter • Extended service life: - Class ‘S’ pipes: 50 years design life • Lower environmental impact: - Reduced energy values

11 PIPE SYSTEM MANUFACTURERS

Horton Road, West Drayton Broomhouse Lane, Edlington Middlesex UB7 8JL Doncaster DN12 1ES Tel: +44 (0)1895 449233 Tel: +44(0)1709 770000 Fax: +44 (0)1895 431358 Fax: +44(0)1709 770001 email: [email protected] email: [email protected] web: www.speedfit.co.uk web: www.polypipe.com

Dickley Lane, Lenham, Maidstone Snapethorpe House, Rugby Road Kent ME17 2DE Lutterworth, Leicestershire LE17 4HN Tel: +44 (0)1622 858888 Tel: +44 (0)1455 550355 Fax: +44 (0)1622 858725 Fax: +44 (0)1455 550366 email: [email protected] email: [email protected] web: www.marley.co.uk web: www.uponor.co.uk

13 Saxon Way East, Parsonage Way, Chippenham Oakley Hay Industrial Estate, Corby Wiltshire SN15 5PN Northants NN18 9EY Tel: +44 (0)1249 766600 Tel: 0845 2419 490 Fax: +44 (0)1249 766671 Fax: 0845 2419 491 email: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] web: www.wavin.co.uk web: www.pipelife.co.uk www.hep2O.co.uk

London Office 6 Bath Place, Rivington Street, London EC2A 3JE Telephone +44 (0)20 7457 5000 email [email protected] web www.plasticpipesgroup.com