MAY, 2016
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN for PROPOSED “HOTEL RESORT” PROJECT
AT
At plot bearing S. No. 47/1, 47/2, 49 & 43 of village – Borli, Tal – Murud, Dist – Raigad, State –Maharashtra.
PROPOSED BY
MRS. POOJA RAVINDRA BHOWAR & OTHERS Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal‐ Murud, Dist‐ Raigad
TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ...... 4 List of Figures ...... 5 CHAPTER 1 ...... 6 INTRODUCTION ...... 6 1.1 Preamble ...... 6 1.2 Project Location ...... 6 1.3 STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT ...... 9 1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY ...... 10 1.5 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY ...... 10 CHAPTER 2 ...... 12 2.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 12 2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 12 2.2.1 Project Cost ...... 15 2.2.2 Land Use ...... 15 2.2.3 Built up Area ...... 15 2.2.4 Accessibility ...... 16 2.2.5 Site Setting ...... 16 2.3 PROJECT COMPONENTS...... 18 2.3.1 Project layout and development concept ...... 18 2.3.2 Building and Tenement Statement ...... 18 2.3.3 Car parking Arrangements ...... 21 2.4 PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES PLANNED ...... 21 2.4.1 Water Supply ...... 21 2.4.2 Sewerage System ...... 23 2.4.3 Solid waste ...... 26 2.4.4 Power supply ...... 26 2.4.5 Fire Fighting...... 26 2.5 RAIN WATER HARVESTING ...... 26 2.6 STORM WATER‐ COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL ...... 27 2.7 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING PLANNING AND USE . 29 CHAPTER 3 ...... 30 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ...... 30 3.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 30 3.2 SCOPE OF BASELINE STUDIES ...... 30 3.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 33 3.3.1 Meteorology ...... 33 3.3.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ...... 35 3.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ...... 39 3.4.1 Methodology for Noise Monitoring ...... 40 3.5 WATER ENVIRONMENT ...... 41 3.6 SEISMOLOGY ...... 42 3.7 SOIL ...... 43 3.8 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 44 3.8.1 ECOLOGY ...... 44 3.8.2 FLORA ...... 45 3.8.3 FAUNA ...... 46 AVIFAUNA ...... 46 CHAPTER 4 ...... 50
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 1 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal‐ Murud, Dist‐ Raigad
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT IDENTIFICATION, PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS ...... 50 4.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 50 4.2 POLLUTION SOURCES ...... 50 4.3 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION ...... 51 4.3.1 Environmental Aspects of Construction Operations ...... 51 4.3.2 Environmental Aspects of Building Planning and Use ...... 52 4.4 LAND ENVRIONMENT ...... 52 4.5 WATER ENVIRONMENT ...... 54 4.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 57 4.7 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 58 4.8 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ...... 58 4.9 AESTHETICS ...... 60 4.10 Socio‐Economic Environment ...... 61 4.11 BUILDING MATERIAL ...... 61 4.12 ENERGY CONSERVATION ...... 62 4.13 TRAFFIC IMPACT...... 62 4.14 IMPACT MATRIX...... 63 CHAPTER 5 ...... 66 SPECIFIC STUDIES ...... 66 5.1 TRAFFIC PATTERN AND DENSITY ...... 66 5.2 IMPACT ON TRAFFIC ...... 67 5.2.1 Construction Phase...... 67 5.2.2 Functional Phase ...... 67 5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 68 5.3.1 Traffic Management Plan ...... 68 CHAPTER 6 ...... 69 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME ...... 69 6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME ...... 69 6.2 MONITORING PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE ...... 69 6.3 AREAS OF CONCERN ...... 70 6.4 GROUND AND SURFACE WATER QUALITY ...... 70 6.5 STP SEWAGE QUALITY ...... 71 6.6 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ...... 71 6.7 NOISE ...... 72 6.8 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT ...... 72 6.9 MONITORING PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION/OPERATION PHASE 72 CHAPTER 7 ...... 74 RISK ASSESSMENT & DMP ...... 74 7.1 FIRE RISK ...... 74 7.2 PUBLIC SAFETY ...... 74 7.3 EMERGENCY RESPONSE ...... 75 7.3.1 Emergency Situations ...... 75 7.3.2 Emergency Response in Case of Emergency ...... 75 7.3.3 Actions in the Event of Fire: ...... 75 7.3.4 Leakage from a LPG cylinder (canteen area) without fire: ...... 76 7.3.5 Response sequence for dangerous situations: ...... 76 7.3 6 Post Emergency Follow Up ...... 76
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 2 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal‐ Murud, Dist‐ Raigad
7.4 MEDICAL AID ...... 76 7.5 RESPONSE EVALUATION, TESTING & UPDATING OF THE PLAN ...... 76 7.6 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ...... 78 CHAPTER 8 ...... 80 PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 80 8.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ...... 80 8.2 EMPLOYMENT ...... 80 CHAPTER 9 ...... 81 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 81 9.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 81 9.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 81 9.2.1 Construction Phase ...... 81 9.2.2 Functional Phase ...... 82 9.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ...... 82 9.3.1 Construction Phase ...... 82 9.3.2 Functional Phase ...... 83 9.4 IMPACT ON WATER RESOURCES ...... 83 9.4.1 Construction Phase ...... 83 9.4.2 Functional Phase ...... 83 9.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT ...... 85 9.5.1 Construction Phase ...... 85 9.5.2 Functional Phase ...... 86 9.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 87 9.6.1 Construction Phase ...... 87 9.6.2 Functional Phase ...... 87 9.7 AESTHETICS ...... 89 9.8 ENERGY CONSERVATION ...... 89 9.9 ENVIRONMENTALLY SIGNIFICANT FEATURES ...... 89 9.10 RAIN WATER HARVESTING AND REDUCE SURFACE RUNOFF ...... 90 9.12 SOILD WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT ...... 90 9.14 EMP RESOURCES REQUIREMENT AND EMP BUDGET ...... 91 9.16 ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET ...... 94 CHAPTER 10 ...... 95 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 95 INTRODUCTION ...... 95 PROJECT LOCATION ...... 95 SALIENT FEATURES OF PROJECT ...... 95 CHAPTER 11 ...... 100 CREDENTIALS OF CONSULTANTS ...... 100
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 3 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal‐ Murud, Dist‐ Raigad
List of Tables
Table 1.1: Details of Resort buildings ...... 6 Table 1.1: Survey of Environmental Attributes ...... 11 Table 2.1: Project details ...... 14 Table 2.2: Area Statement ...... 16 Table 2.6: Water Balance Chart ...... 22 Table 2.7: Treated Water Reuse ...... 23 Table 2.8: Expected Characteristics of Raw and treated Water ...... 24 Table 2.9: Solid Waste Generation ...... 26 Table 2.10: Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting Potential ...... 27 Table 3.1: Baseline Data Generation ...... 30 Table 3.2: Micrometeorological Conditions ...... 34 Table 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations Location ...... 36 Table 3.4: Techniques Used for Analysis of Air Quality ...... 37 Table 3.5: Ambient Air Quality Status ...... 38 Table 3.6: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) ...... 38 Table 3.7: Noise Monitoring Results ...... 40 Table 3.8: Ambient Noise Quality Standards ...... 40 Table 3.9: Ground Water Quality within the Study Area ...... 41 Table 3.10 A: Particle Size Distribution as per IS:1498 ...... 44 Table 3.10 B: Particle Size Distribution and Texture of Soil within the Study Area ...... 44 Table 3.11: Soil Quality Parameters in the Study Area ...... 44 Table 3.12 : Lists of Plant Species Observed in Study Area ...... 45 Table 3.13: List of Avifauna Recorded in the Study Area ...... 46 Table 3.14: List of Fauna Observed in the Study Area ...... 48 Table 4.1: Pollutant Sources and Characteristics ...... 50 Table 4.2: Noise Limits for Appliances & Equipment’s at Construction Stage ... 58 Table 4.3: Noise Levels Generated from Construction Equipment ...... 59 Table 4.4: Construction Phase Impact Matrix ...... 63 Table 4.5: Operation Phase Impact Matrix ...... 64 Table 5.1: Existing Traffic Volumes ‐ Year 2016 ...... 66 Table 5.2: Recommended PCU Factors for Various Types of Vehicles on Urban Roads ...... 67 Table 5.3: Recommended Design Service Volumes (PCU’s Per Hour) ...... 68 Table 5.4: Comparison of Congestion Indices (V/C ratios) ...... 68 Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Programme ...... 72 Table 7.1: Building Emergency Plan...... 77 Table 9.1: Fugitive Dust Control Measures ...... 82 Table 9.2: EMP Costing ...... 94
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 4 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal‐ Murud, Dist‐ Raigad
List of Figures Figure 1.1: Layout superimposed on IRS Map ...... 7 Figure 1.2: Location Map Indicating Proposed Project and its Surrounding roads ...... 8 Figure 2.1: Layout Plan ...... 13 Figure 2.2: Google Image (Project Site & Its Surrounding) ...... 17 Figure 2.3: Project Layout plan ...... 19 Figure 2.4: Parking plan ...... 20 Figure 2.5: Water Balance Diagram (Dry Season) ...... 23 Figure.2.6: Location of STP & vermi‐composting unit on Layout Map ...... 25 Figure 2.7: Storm Water Drainage Plan ...... 28 Figure 3.1: Sampling Location Map ...... 32 Figure 3.2: Wind Rose at study area ...... 35 Figure 3.3: Seismic Zone Map of India ...... 42 Figure 4.2: Storm Water Drainage Plan ...... 56 Figure 4.2: Predicted Noise Levels ...... 60 Figure 5.1: Project location ...... 66
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 5 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Preamble
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others is proposing construction of “Hotel Resort” at plot bearing S. No. 47/1, 47/2, 49 & 43 of village – Borli, Tal – Murud, Dist – Raigad, State – Maharashtra. The project comprising of 3 Cottages (Ground floor), Administrative Building with restaurant (G + 1 floor), Standard rooms (G + 1 floor) and Swimming pool.
The project comes under the purview of CRZ Notification 2011. The plot is in CRZ‐III area, as the same is situated within 200‐500 m from HTL (Arabian Sea). The layout superimposed on approved CZMP is depicted in Figure 1.1. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and provide information on the nature and extent of environmental impacts arising from the construction and use of proposed resort and related activities with a view to define an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to minimize adverse environmental impacts on the surrounding environment.
1.2 Project Location The proposed “Hotel Resort” is planned at Plot bearing S. No. 47/1, 47/2, 49 & 43 of village – Borli, Tal – Murud, Dist – Raigad, State – Maharashtra. Its Google location is 18˚30’47.57” N latitude and 72˚54’50.48” E longitude. The site is accessible by existing 13.0 m wide Alibaug‐ Murud State highway & 9.0 m wide access Road. Details of the proposed Resort is depicted in Table 1.1 Table 1.1: Details of Resort buildings
Sr. Building No. of Building Details Population No. configuration Rooms
1. Cottages G +1 floor 7 28
2. Standard Rooms G +1 floor 12 24
Administrative 3. Building G +1 floor ‐ 20 (Restaurant)
4. Hotel staff ‐ 20
TOTAL 92
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 6 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
The location map indicating proposed project and its surroundings are depicted in Figure 1.2. Figure 1.1: Layout superimposed on IRS Map
Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 1.2: Location Map Indicating Proposed Project and its Surrounding roads
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 8 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
1.3 STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT EIA report contains baseline data, project description, assessment of impacts, preparation of environmental management plan & disaster management plan. The report is organized in following ten chapters: Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter describes objectives and methodology for EIA. Chapter2: Project Description This chapter gives a brief description of the location, approachability, amenities, layout and utilities of the proposed project. Chapter 3: Baseline Environmental Status of Project Area This chapter presents details of the baseline environmental status for micro climate, air quality, noise, traffic, water quality, soil quality, flora, fauna and socio‐economic status etc. Chapter 4: Prediction and Evaluation of Impacts This chapter discusses the possible sources of pollution and environmental impacts of the project during construction and use phases. Chapter 5: Specific Studies This chapter discusses the Specific studies like Traffic Impact and Energy Conservation measures Chapter 6 Environmental Monitoring Programme This chapter discusses the details about the post project environmental monitoring programme. Chapter 7 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan This chapter presents the risks associated with the proposed construction projects, approach to risk management and DMP Chapter 8 Project Benefits This chapter presents the benefits from the proposed project. Chapter 9 Environmental Management Plan This chapter deals with the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the proposed construction Project and indicates measures proposed to minimize the likely impacts on the environment. Chapter 10 Executive Summary Chapter 11 Credentials of consultants This chapter deals with the details of environmental consultants, NABET accreditation details
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 9 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the EIA study are: To describe the scope of the proposed project and associated works; To identify and quantify pollution sources and determine the significance of impacts on sensitive receptors; To identify, predict and evaluate environmental and social impacts expected during the construction and functional phases in relation to the existing civic infrastructure and sensitive receptors present if any; To develop mitigation measures so as to minimize pollution, environmental disturbance and nuisance during construction and functional phases; and
1.5 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY Reconnaissance survey was carried out to understand nature of the proposed project, conduct visual site inspection, decide the sampling locations and programme. Sampling locations were identified on the basis of following criteria: Predominant wind direction in the study area; Existing topography; Location of sensitive areas; Accessibility, availability of power; and Area that represents baseline conditions. Samples were collected at various locations identified in the reconnaissance survey to establish the baseline environmental quality at the project site. The impacts of proposed development are predicted during different phases of project viz. construction, operations and emergencies. The predicted impacts are analyzed and appropriate Environment Management Plans (EMPs) are defined to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts. Samples were collected for a period of three months i.e. from Dec to Feb 2016. Particulars related to Survey are outlined in Table 1.1.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 10 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Table 1.1: Survey of Environmental Attributes
Sr. Frequency of Attribute Parameters No Monitoring
1 Ambient air PM10, PM2.5, SO2, Ambient Air Quality quality NOx and CO samples were monitored for 24hrs, twice a week for total 13 weeks 2 Meteorology Surface: Wind speed and Primary data at Site, direction, temperature and Secondary data relative humidity and collection from IMD, rainfall. Santacruz. 3 Water quality Physical, Chemical and Primary data – Bacteriological Groundwater sample parameters. was collected from One borewell, One Surface water sample 4 Ecology Existing terrestrial and Based on the data aquatic flora and fauna. collected from secondary sources. 6 Noise levels Noise levels in dB(A) Continuous 24‐hourly monitoring at 5 locations during the study period 7 Soil Parameters related to Sampling at project site characteristics agricultural & was studied. afforestation potential. 8 Traffic study Traffic density / pattern Survey at 1 location once in study period. 9 Geology Geology of the area Based on data collected from secondary sources. 10 Hydrology Drainage pattern, nature Based on data collected of streams, aquifer from secondary sources. characteristics recharge and discharge areas.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 11 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the salient features of the project & infrastructure required for the construction, functioning of the proposed project at Borli, Tal‐ Murud, Dist‐ Raigad, Maharashtra.
2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The proposed site is located at Plot bearing S. No. 47/1, 47/2, 49 & 43 of village – Borli, Tal – Murud, Dist – Raigad, State – Maharashtra. The project comprising of 3 Cottages (Ground floor), Administrative Building with restaurant (G + 1 floor), Standard rooms (G + 1 floor) and Swimming pool.
The proposed development will involve site formation works and construction of building/structures, access roads, drains and sewer connections. The resort is proposed to locate on a flat land. The Plot area of proposed site is 4030.00 m2 and Total Construction Area is 1302.22 m2, 12 Standard rooms, 7 cottages, Restaurant, Administrative building is proposed in this project. The design of the layout has taken into consideration the state of the art design features for living atmosphere and arrangements of open space so as to create a pleasant living environment for tourists. The proposed development will involve site formation works and construction of building structures, approach roads and drains. The layout plan of proposed project is shown in Figure 2.1
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 12 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 2.1: Layout Plan
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 13 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
The salient feature of the proposed project is given in Table 2.1. Table 2.1: Project details
SR. Details Information Unit No. Proposed construction of 1 Name of the project Hotel Resort at Borli,
Raigad, Maharashtra 2 Total Plot Area 4030.00 m2
3 FSI Area 1,002.22 m2
4 Non FSI Area 300.00 m2
5 Total Construction Area 1,302.22 m2 12 standard rooms, 7 6 No. of tenements cottages, Restaurant, Nos. Administrative building 7 Total water requirement 15 KLD Sewage generation:9 KLD 8 Sewage and STP details STP Capacity: 10 KLD STP Technology: Phytorid ‐ 9 Total Solid Waste Generation 18 kg/d Biodegradable component 10 11 kg/d (Vermi Composting) Connected Load: 0.12 MW 11 Total Power Requirement Demand Load: 0.08 MW 12 DG Set 20 kVA Total Energy Savings 13 Energy Efficiency % :23.25 4‐W provided : 20 Nos. 14 Parking Provision 2‐W provided:12 Nos 15 RWH Capacity 10 KLD SWD Generation (300 mm 16 458.7 3 wide channel) m /hr Capital cost : 11.15 Rs. Lakhs 17 EMP Cost Operation & Maintenance Lakhs Cost: 3.1 Rs. /yr
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 14 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
2.2.1 Project Cost The cost of the project is approximately Rs. 1.92 Crore for the project of resort buildings, Recreational, and other infrastructure like Roads, culverts, STP, solid waste management Storm water drainage, Landscape etc.
2.2.2 Land Use The proposed project plot is of strip shape. The development of said project shall be according to the land use plan. The FSI available for the development is 0.25 of the plot area. The proposed construction is as per the prevailing town planning norms. The development of the resort will be include construction of small cottages, tourist huts, play area etc. New pipelines for water supply, drainage & Rain water shall be laid.
2.2.3 Built up Area The project will be developed on the land comprising about 4030.00 m2 area. The total built up area (FSI Proposed) of the Project is 1002.22 m2. The area statement of proposed development is given in Table 2.2
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 15 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Table 2.2: Area Statement
Sr. No. Description Area in m2 1 AREA OF PLOT 4,030.00 2 NET AREA OF PLOT (1 ‐ 2) 4,030.00 3 REQUIRED OPEN SPACE 10% (ON ABOVE 3) 403.00 4 PROVIDED OPEN SPACE 415.15 5 PERMISSIBLE FSI (ON ABOVE 2) 0.25 6 PERMISSIBLE BUILT‐UP AREA 1,007.50 7 PROPOSED BUILT UP AREA 1,002.22
2.2.4 Accessibility The proposed construction site is located at 18030’47.57” N latitude and 72054’50.48” E longitude. The proposed site is located at about 35 km from the Roha railway station; Alibagug ST Depot: 23 km; The site is accessible by existing 13.0 m wide Alibaug‐ Murud State highway & 9.0 m wide access Road.
2.2.5 Site Setting The land is flat and sloping towards the West side. Ground water table is observed at the depth of around 0.5 to 1 m below the ground level. The Google image of the project site and its surroundings are given in Figure 2.2. The contour map of the site is given in Figure 2.3
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 16 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 2.2: Google Image (Project Site & Its Surrounding)
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 17 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
2.3 PROJECT COMPONENTS
2.3.1 Project layout and development concept The proposed Project located at Plot bearing S. No. 47/1, 47/2, 49 & 43 of village – Borli, Tal – Murud, Dist – Raigad, State – Maharashtra will provide better aminities & better comfortable stay in it. Murud Taluka is one of the important tourist spots in Raigad district. Korlai beach and Korlai Fort are important sites visited by huge number of tourists every year. The said development will serve as a tourist spot & provide facilities for spending vacations or weekends to the tourists as well as the people within Raigad. The proposed project shall be benefited & shall have a positive & favorable impact due to following points: The project envisages employment potential for local people. The land will be converted to evergreen piece of environmental friendly settlement The project comprising of 3 Cottages (Ground floor), Administrative Building with restaurant (G + 1 floor), Standard rooms (G + 1 floor) and Swimming pool.
2.3.2 Building and Tenement Statement The total population during operation phase when it is fully occupied will be around 92 Nos. The proposed layout of project is given in Figure 2.3
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 18 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 2.3: Project Layout plan
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 19 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 2.4: Parking plan
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 20 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
2.3.3 Car parking Arrangements Adequate car parking facilities are provided in the proposed resort project. For the proposed project, the car parking provision of 20 Nos has been made. Also provision of two wheeler parking for 12 Nos & cycle parking. has been made and shown in figure No. 2.4.
2.4 PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES PLANNED
The utilities and recreational facilities planned in proposed project include Sewage Treatment Plant for recycling of treated sewage, Roof top rain water harvesting, RG area, Storm water Drainage plan etc.
The other infrastructure facilities planned for proposed project are highlighted below:
2.4.1 Water Supply The total water requirement of project will be around 15 KLD. The water storage facilities will be at ground level (underground water tank). Due to the recycling of 4 KLD of treated sewage for flushing, the fresh water requirement will be reduced to 8 KLD. The water requirement for the proposed project is given in Table 2.6. Flow chart of water budget during functional phase (Dry season) is given in Figure 2.5
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 21 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Table 2.6: Water Balance Chart
The water balance diagram is given in Figure 2.5
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 22 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 2.5: Water Balance Diagram (Dry Season)
TOTAL WATER REQUIREMENT:12 + 3 = 15 KLD SWIMMING POOL MAKE-UP TOTAL FRESH WATER REQUIREMENT:8 KLD
FRESH WATER 4 KLD 8 KLD
DOMESTIC USE FLUSHING USE
LOSSES 3 KLD TO STP TO 5 KLD TO STP 4 KLD
9 KLD TO STP
STP 9 KLD CAPACITY:10 KLD TREATED WATER
0.09 KLD
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS EXCESS TREATED WATER TO GARDENING
SLUDGE USE AS MANURE 5 KLD
2.4.2 Sewerage System The waste water generated from proposed Resort will be around 9 m3/day. The sewage will be treated in STP of 10 KLD capacity. The treated sewage will be used for flushing, gardening. Table 2.7: Treated Water Reuse
Quantity Sr. No. Reuse (KLD) 1. Flushing 4 2. Gardening 5 4. Total 9
The Location of STP’s on Layout Plan is given in Figure 2.6.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 23 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Treatment Process: Phytorid
Table 2.8: Expected Characteristics of Raw and treated Water
Sr. No. Parameters Raw Sewage Treated Sewage 1 pH 6 to 9 6.5‐8.5 2 Suspended Solids 150‐250 Upto 50 mg/l 3 BOD (3 days 27˚C) 250‐300 <30 mg/l 4 COD 500‐600 Upto 1 mg/l 5 Oil & Grease <10 Nil Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure.2.6: Location of STP & vermi‐composting unit on Layout Map
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 25 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
2.4.3 Solid waste Solid waste generated from entire project during fully operation phase will be 18 kg/day. Out of which 11 kg/day will be biodegradable Component and 7 kg/day will be Inert, Recyclable Waste. The solid waste generation from buildings is given below: Table 2.9: Solid Waste Generation
Solid waste generation Sr. No. Description kg/day 1. Biodegradable Component 11 2. Inert, Recyclable Waste 7 3. Total 18 Segregation of dry and wet garbage will be done at source. Dry garbage as inert/recyclable waste such as plastics, glass, metals, rubber will be segregated and disposed off to recyclers. Wet garbage/biodegradable matter as leftover food, vegetables will be treated using vermicoposting units. The location of Vermi‐composting unit is depicted in Figure 2.6.
2.4.4 Power supply The power requirement during construction period will be about 25 kVA. During Operation phase, the power supply (Demand Load) necessary for the proposed project is estimated as 0.08 MW. The power will be made available from the Maharashtra State Electricity Board (MSEB). The DG sets with total capacity of 20 kVA will be provided for emergency. ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES Energy conservation measures proposed in the project is as follows: Efficient wall systems like solid blocks with fly ash content, Energy efficient lighting using LEDs in Rooms and LEDs in Lift Lobby, Toilets etc. Use of high energy efficient pumps for fire fighting, UG tanks and STP
2.4.5 Fire Fighting The fire fighting scheme in proposed project will be planned to provide adequate safety measures against fire hazard. The Project proponents will adhere to the suggestions and schemes made by the concerned regulatory authority in this regard. Apart from fire‐fighting water jets, there will be proper fire detection system. Fire hydrants will be provided at strategic locations.
2.5 RAIN WATER HARVESTING The roof top rain water will be diverted from terrace to the storage tank through HDPE/PVC pipes after passing through a filter media. The valve system will be
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 26 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad provided to enable the first rain washings from terrace/ roof to bypass the storage tank as it would contain undesirable dirt. The excess rainwater from the tanks will be diverted to storm water drain. The mouths of all pipes and its openings will be covered with mosquito (insect) proof wire net. For the efficient discharge of rain water, there will be at least two rain water pipes of 100mm. diameter for a roof area of 100 sq. m. The roof top rain water harvesting potential of the project area is around 5 KLD. The RWH tank will be provided to each building. The excess harvested water will be discharged in Storm water drains. The annual rainfall over Raigad district is around 2400 mm/year. Considering the 95 rainy days, the average rainfall is around 25 mm/day. The roof top rain water harvesting structure (Tanks) has been designed considering the average rainfall of 25 mm/day. However the storm water drains are designed for peak rainfall of 150 mm/hr.
Table 2.10: Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting Potential
Average RWH Runoff Sr. No. Area Details Area in m2 Rainfall 25 POTENTIAL Coefficient mm/day KLD 1 Roof top area 253 25 0.8 5
Harvesting rain water will be utilised for floor washing, car washing, gardening during non‐rainy days and flushing etc.
2.6 STORM WATER‐ COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL
Storm water drains inside each plot will be constructed strictly in accordance to the town planning regulations. Storm water from the entire plot will be collected through network of storm drains. The storm water drains has been designed for 150 mm/hr of peak rainfall. The overflow of RWH tanks will be discharged in the existing storm water drains. The details of storm water generation from plot and surrounding area is given in following drawing.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 27 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 2.7: Storm Water Drainage Plan
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 28 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
2.7 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING PLANNING AND USE
Environmental issues have been addressed in planning of Project through: Total No. of Workers during construction phase: 40 per day Total No. of proposed Rooms: 12 Nos. of Standard Rooms, 7 cottages Total population after completion of buildings: 92 Nos. All public areas will have LED for lighting. Total Water requirement for residential propose @ 135 lpcd: 15 KLD Sewage generation: 9 KLD. Rain water is proposed to be harvested in Tank. Sewage would be treated in STP. And treated sewage will be used for gardening, flushing, etc. Approximate Solid Waste Generation: 18 kg/day of which 11 kg/day is Biodegradable. Fly‐ash is used in concrete work. Typical residential frame to have maximum number of R.C.C. walls and very few brick masonry walls. Separate internal road for pedestrians, ramps will be provided at the entrance lobby.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 29 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
CHAPTER 3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Baseline environmental status forms the basis for evaluation of the proposed development on the existing conditions. This can be broadly grouped into physical, social, aesthetic and economic environment. Physical environment includes air, water, land, aquatic and terrestrial flora & fauna, civic infrastructure, public services, etc. Social environment includes demography, community facilities and services, community characteristics, employment centres, commercial facilities servicing the area, etc. Economic environment covers employment levels, sources and levels of income, economic base of the area, land values, land ownership etc.
3.2 SCOPE OF BASELINE STUDIES
For the present EIA study, the attributes of environment considered are:
Air environment (Meteorology, ambient air quality, noise levels, traffic pattern and traffic density); Water environment ; Land environment (Geology, Geo‐hydrology, land use, solid waste disposal etc.); Biological environment (Flora, fauna, vegetation, ecosystem); and Socio‐economic environment (Demography, occupational structure, educational, medical facilities, literacy etc.) It is important to define the study area for conducting the Environmental Impact Assessment Study which could reflect the changes due to the proposed developmental activity Following section of the report will give the baseline environmental scenario in the study area with respect to the above stated environmental attributes along with its monitoring details, results obtained, data analysis and conclusions. Table 3.1: Baseline Data Generation
Sr. Environmental Sampling Location No. Attribute 1. Meteorology Indian Meteorological Department, Raigad 2. Ambient Air Quality Sampling at Three locations A1 Project site A2 At Wandeli village A3 At Borli village 3. Noise levels Sampling at Four locations N1 Project Site N2 At Borli village N3 At Wandeli village
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Sr. Environmental Sampling Location No. Attribute N4 At Korlai village 4. Ground Water Project Site 5. Surface Water Arebian sea 6. Geology and General in 10 km Study Area Geohydrology 7. Land use pattern General in 10 km study area 8. Soil Quality Sampling at project site 9. Ecology General in 10 km Study Area
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Figure 3.1: Sampling Location Map
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3.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT
3.3.1 Meteorology
Meteorology (weather and climate) is the key to understanding the air quality. The essential relationship between meteorology and atmospheric dispersion involves the wind in the broadest sense of the term. Wind fluctuations over a very wide range of time accomplish dispersion and strongly influence other processes associated with them.
Secondary data also plays an important role in identifying the general meteorological status of the region. Site specific data can be compared with secondary data in order to identify changes which may have taken place due to various developments in the area. Both primary and secondary meteorological data were collected.
Classification of months according to seasons is shown in following table:
Season Period Summer March to May Monsoon June to September Post monsoon October to November Winter December to February Presentation of Secondary Data:
The main source of secondary meteorological data for the study area was the Gazetteer of India.
The climate of Raigad district is mostly humid all‐round the year and receives with average annual rainfall in the district is 2874.9 mm. About 94% of the annual rainfall is received during south west monsoon season. Mean No. of Relative Sr. Temperature Rainfall Wind Month Rainy Humidity No (oC) (mm) Speed Days (%) kmph Max. Min. 1 January 30.9 19.1 0.6 0.0 62 7.6 2 February 30.8 19.6 0.0 0.0 63 7.6 3 March 31.4 22.4 0.2 0.0 69 8.0 4 April 32.2 25.3 2.2 0.2 71 9.0 5 May 32.7 26.5 40.2 2.3 72 10.1 6 June 30.5 24.9 828.6 19.8 84 12.9 7 July 28.8 24.2 937.6 26.0 89 17.9 8 August 28.5 24.0 612.2 24.3 88 14.8 9 September 29.3 23.6 280.1 14.9 85 8.1 10 October 31.5 23.5 121.8 5.4 77 6.6 11 November 32.9 21.6 41.8 1.8 64 7.4
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12 December 32.2 20.2 9.6 0.3 59 7.8 Total 2874.9 95.0 Average 31.0 22.9 73 9.8 (Source: IMD Climatological Table (Year 1951 to 1980)
The project area has a typical coastal climate. The year can be divided into four distinct seasons. The period from March to May comprises the summer seasons and in subsequent months from June to September, the area comes under the influence of south‐west monsoons. The months of October and November experience the post‐monsoon seasons, while winter seasons lasts from December to February. Presentation of Primary Data:
A weather station was installed onsite to collect hourly data. This station measured wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall. The detailed data on the microclimate of the site was collected for a period of three month (Dec 2016 ‐ Feb 2017), representing the winter season. A micrometeorological station was set up in the study area near the project site for collection of data at hourly intervals during the study period. Temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, pressure, rainfall and cloud cover were monitored at hourly intervals. The data summaries are given in Table 3.2. Table 3.2: Micrometeorological Conditions
Month Average wind Temperature Relative speed (0C) Humidity (km/hr) Min Max (%) December 2016 3 230C320C76% January 2017 3 220C340C61% February 2017 4 200C330C54% It was observed that the predominant wind direction during winter season was North West. The average wind speed was 2.46 m/s. Wind rose is presented in Figure 3.2.
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Figure 3.2: Wind Rose at study area
NORTH
35%
28%
21%
14%
7%
WEST EAST
WIND SPEED (m/s)
>= 11.1 8.8 - 11.1 5.7 - 8.8 3.6 - 5.7 2.1 - 3.6 0.5 - 2.1 Calms: 20.88% SOUTH
3.3.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
Air pollution can cause significant effects on humans, animals, vegetation and materials. The project construction is not a major contributor to the air pollution except for particulate matter emission during both construction phase due to plant and machinery and vehicular pollution during use phase. However, air environment monitoring covered the parameter for which National Ambient Air Quality standards have been defined by the Ministry of Environment and Forests. Accordingly, parameters monitored were PM10, PM2.5, Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Carbon monoxide (CO).
An assessment of baseline air quality was undertaken:
(a) To establish the status of exposure of the major sensitive receptors
(b) To identify the major air pollution sources and their impacts on the area surrounding the site.
The following sources of air emissions were identified within the impact zone:
Vehicular Emissions on Revdanda ‐ Murud Road Vehicular and construction activities in the surrounding areas of the site; and
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Other sources of air pollution within the impact zone include domestic fuel combustion. A well devised air quality monitoring program was undertaken to ascertain the major air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, and CO).
During the time of ambient air quality sampling (winter) the monitoring locations were selected by taking into consideration the long‐term meteorological trends to obtain the predominant wind direction. Monitoring stations were placed at sensitive receptors within 5 km radius from the project site. Monitoring stations were placed at the height of 3 meters at & are described in Table 3.3. The locations selected for the air monitoring are shown in Figure 3.1. Table 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations Location
Sr. Distance to Site Direction from Monitoring Location No. (km) Site 1 Project Site ‐ ‐ 2 Wandeli village 0.4 S 3 Borli village 0.1 SE
Air quality was monitored at five locations for 24 hours, twice a week, for a total of 12 weeks as per the guidelines specified by the MoEF. The volumetric flow rate of each sampler was maintained at 1.1‐1.2 l/min. Collected air samples are analysed by using standard procedures prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Indian Standards: IS 5182 and American Public Health Association (APHA). Details of techniques used for analysis of air samples are given in Table 3.4.
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Table 3.4: Techniques Used for Analysis of Air Quality
Equipment/ Sr. Code of Methodolog Parameter Sampler Instruments for No. Practice y Adopted Analysis Respirable Dust IS: 5182 Gravimetric 1. PM Sampler Balance 10 (Part IV) Method with Cyclone Separator
PM2.5 Gravimetric 2. PM2.5 Balance Sampler Method IS: 5182 3. SO HVS Colorimeter Colorimetric 2 (Part V) IS: 5182 4. NO HVS Colorimeter Colorimeter x (Part V) Carbon Gas Flame IS: 5182 Bladder and 5. monoxide Chromatograph Ionization (Part X) Aspirator (CO) with Methaniser Detector
Presentation of Air Quality Analysis Results
Ambient air quality analysis results for the three monitoring locations, which were selected to represent baseline conditions of the region, are given below.
The summary of the monitoring results including minimum, maximum and average levels along with the 98th percentile values are presented in Table 3.5. The results obtained were compared for 24 hrs average standards for residential areas prescribed by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The analysis results of all the locations carried out during the study period are presented in Annexure IV. The National Ambient Air Quality Standards are presented in Table 3.6.
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Table 3.5: Ambient Air Quality Status
Sr. Concentrations No. Location RSPM PM 2.5 SO2 NOx CO (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (mg/m3)
1. Project Site Maximum 61.6 31.9 22.4 23.7 0.8 Minimum 50.3 22.4 13.6 14.5 0.5 Average 57.2 27.9 19.3 19.1 0.7 Standard 3.4 2.8 2.6 3.1 0.1 Deviation 98th Percentile 60.8 31.6 22.4 23.6 0.8 2. Wandeli Village Maximum 62.5 35 24 25 0.7 Minimum 53.9 25 15 17 0.5 Average 60.6 31 20 22 0.6 Standard 2.8 3 3 3 0.1 Deviation 98th Percentile 62.4 34 24 25 0.7 3. Borli Village Maximum 61382224 0.72 Minimum 51 28 12 14 0.44 Average 58 34 18 20 0.60 Standard 3333 0.09 Deviation 98th Percentile 61 38 22 23 0.70
Table 3.6: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
Concentration in Ambient Air (in µg/m3 except indicated) Sr. Time Weighted Industrial Pollutants No. Average Residential, Sensitive Rural and Other Area Areas Annual Average* 50 20 1 Sulphur dioxide (SO2) 24 Hours** 80 80
Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Average * 40 30 2 (NO ) 2 24 Hours** 80 80
Particular Matter (Size Annual Average * 60 60 3 less than 10 µg ) or PM10 24 Hours** 100 100
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Concentration in Ambient Air (in µg/m3 except indicated) Sr. Time Weighted Industrial Pollutants No. Average Residential, Sensitive Rural and Other Area Areas Particular Matter (Size Annual Average * 40 40 4 less than 2.5 µg ) or PM2.5 24 Hours** 60 60 Annual Average * 0.50 0.50 5 Lead (Pb) 24 Hours** 1.0 1.0
8 Hour Average 02 mg/m3 02 mg/ m3 6 Carbon monoxide (CO) 1 Hour Average 04 mg/ m3 04 mg/ m3
Annual Average * 100 100 7 Ammonia (NH3) 24 Hours** 400 400
8 Benzene (C6H6) Annual Average * 05 05 Benzo (a) Pyrene 9 (BaP)‐particulate Annual Average * 01 01 phase only 10 Arsenic (As) Annual Average * 06 06
11 Nickel (Ni) Annual Average * 20 20
8 Hour Average 100 100 12 Ozone (O3) 1 Hour Average 180 180 * Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval ** 24 hourly/8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of the time it may exceed but not on two consecutive days
3.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Noise in general is a sound composed of frequency components of various loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. The factors on which the sound is described as noise depends upon its degree of loudness, period of exposure and time of day and location at which it occurs. The noise levels measurements were carried out by measured (A‐weighted) using precision noise level meter. The noise level survey was carried at all the air monitoring stations located within the 5 km radius of the proposed project site. The major source identified in the study area is of vehicular traffic movement and the construction activities.
Background noise levels were also monitored in study area.
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3.4.1 Methodology for Noise Monitoring
Sound pressure level (SPL) measurements were automatically recorded with the help of an Integrated Sound Level Meter to give the equivalent noise level for every hour continuously for 24 hours in a day. In this manner, 1 full day (i.e. 24 hourly values) of data was collected at each of the four locations.
Selection of Noise Monitoring Locations: The locations selected for noise monitoring were Project Site (R) Wandeli Village Borli Village Korlai Village
All the four locations are located in the residential zone.
Results The equivalent noise levels viz., Lday and Lnight at all the noise monitoring locations are presented in Table 3.7. The equivalent noise levels obtained at these locations were compared with day time and night time Ambient Noise Quality Standards which are given in Table 3.8. Table 3.7: Noise Monitoring Results
Day Time Night Time Sr. No. Location Leq Limit Leq Limit dB(A) dB(A) dB(A) dB(A) 1 Project Site 53.3 55 44.2 45 2 Wandeli village 54.2 55 41.6 45 3 Borli village 54.6 55 43.2 45 4 Korlai village 53.8 55 44.1 45 Daytime shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m. Table 3.8: Ambient Noise Quality Standards
Limits in dB(A) Leq* Area Code Category of Area/Zone Day Time Night Time (A) Industrial area 75 70 (B) Commercial area 65 55 (C) Residential area 55 45 (D) Silence Zone 50 40 Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m. Silence zone is defined as an area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are zones, which are declared as such by the competent authority.
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Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above‐mentioned categories by the competent authority.
3.5 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Ground water sample of exiting well were identified within the study area. However the upcoming project will not affect these water bodies directly or indirectly.
The drinking water is provided by Phansad Dam through Grampanchayat.
Water analysis of physico‐chemical and parameters related to health were carried out as per the Standard IS 10500 to assess baseline water quality. The results of the water quality along with the parameters which were monitored are given in Table 3.9
After the analysis of the collected water sample, it was observed that pH of the water sample was observed to be 7.1.
All results were found within the desirable limits. Heavy metals such as Copper, Chromium, Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic etc. were not found in the water sample.
Table 3.9: Ground Water Quality within the Study Area
Sr. Project IS 10500 standards Parameters Unit No. Site Desirable Permissible 1 pH ‐ 7.1 6.5 ‐ 8.5 6.5 ‐ 8.5 2 Temperature 0C 28 NS NS 3 Turbidity N.T.U. 0.6 5 10 4 Colour Hazen 3 5 25 Unobjecti Unobjectiona Unobjectiona 5 Odour ‐ onable ble ble 6 Alkalinity mg/l 163 200 600 7 Suspended Solids mg/l 6.3 NS NS Total Dissolved 8 mg/l 182 500 2000 Solids 11 Chloride mg/l 47 250 1000 12 Sulphate mg/l 19.3 200 400 13 Nitrate mg/l 0.60 45 100 14 Fluoride mg/l N.D 1.0 1.5 15 Total Hardness mg/l 176 300 600 Total Ammonical 16 mg/l 0.8 NS NS Nitrogen 17 Free Ammonia mg/l 0.03 NS NS 18 Total Phosphorus mg/l N.D. NS NS 19 Boron mg/l N.D. 1 5 Electrical m 20 326 NS NS Conductivity mhos/cm
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Sr. Project IS 10500 standards Parameters Unit No. Site Desirable Permissible 21 Iron mg/l N.D. 0.3 1.0 22 Copper mg/l N.D. 0.05 1.5 23 Zinc mg/l N.D. 5 15 24 Lead mg/l N.D. 0.05 0.05 25 Cadmium mg/l N.D. 0.01 0.01 26 Chromium mg/l N.D. 0.05 0.05 Hexavalent 27 mg/l N.D. NS NS Chromium 28 Phenol mg/l N.D. 0.001 0.002 29 Total Coliform No./100 ml <2 10/100 ml 10/100 ml 30 Fecal Coliform No./100 ml <2 10/100 ml 10/100 ml Note: N.D:‐ Not Detected, N.S:‐ NOT Specified
The proposed project area lies in Raigad district in Maharashtra where in Panvel creek, Taloja creek (Taloje River and Kasardi River) major surface water bodies in the area. The Kasardi River water is polluted due to disposal of treated/untreated effluent from the taloja MIDC area. The Kasardi River finally meets to Taloja Creek. Taloja creek is also polluted due to disposal of sewage from Kharghar area. Panvel creek moves from North east towards Southwest in the study area. Ground water sources are also used in most of the villages for drinking and agricultural purposes.
Due to high rainfall and loamy soil, the drainage intensity is high. The rock formation in this region is mainly derived from Deccan basalt. The area is gently sloping towards the coast on west and is covered with moderately shallow to deep soils, mostly lateritic in nature, sometimes oxidized to yellow murrum. The Patalganga, Kundalika, Amba and Savitri rivers constitute the westerly drainage system of the coastal region. The drainage pattern is sub parallel which is controlled by joints and fractures. The land is highly undulating with dense forest hills to flat land with occasional low raised but weathered outcrops of sedimentary & metamorphic. Soils are mostly loamy in character.
3.6 SEISMOLOGY
Study area is classified under the Zone III of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) 2000 seismic zone map for India as seen in Figure 3.3. Zone III is defined as having a maximum intensity expected of around VII on MM scale. Figure 3.3: Seismic Zone Map of India
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Zone Max. MSK Intensity 2 VI 3 VII 4 VIII 5 IX or higher
Structurally, proposed project at has been designed to meet seismic requirements of Zone III.
3.7 SOIL
Soil sample were collected at project site to establish the baseline characteristics. Soil sample have been collected using auger from a depth of 60 cm from one location. Soil sample collected were analysed for physical and chemical characteristics. The results of the analysis are given in Table 3.13.
Texture is an important parameter of the soil which determines the usefulness for agriculture purposes. Soil is mainly composed of three minerals i.e. sand, silt, and clay. According to their size, these mineral particles are grouped into separates. Soil separate in a group of mineral particles that fit within definite size limits expressed as diameter in millimetres. A quantitative assessment of the particle size distribution in the soil was made by wet sieve analysis and sedimentation analysis using hydrometer, as per procedures laid down in IS: Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
2720 Part IV. According to BIS classification system, soils are primarily classified based on dominant particle sizes and its plasticity characteristics. Soil particles mainly consist of four size fractions. The particle sizes are designated according to the scale mentioned in IS:1498, are shown below: Table 3.10 A: Particle Size Distribution as per IS:1498
Sr. No. Soil Types Range of Particle Size 1. Gravel 80 – 4.75 mm 2. Sand 4.75mm – 0.075mm (75 microns) 3. Silt 75 – 2 micron 4. Clay less than 2 micron
Table 3.10 B: Particle Size Distribution and Texture of Soil within the Study Area Particle Size Distribution Sr. Locations (%) Texture Sand Clay Silt 1 Project Site 50.3 49.1 0.6 Sandy Clay
Table 3.11: Soil Quality Parameters in the Study Area Sr. No. Parameters Location At Project Site 1 pH 6.7 2 EC+ (mS/cm) 1.45 3 CEC* (mEq/100gm) 12.4 4 Organic matter (mg/kg) 17.5 5 Sodium (mg/kg) 218 6 Nitrogen (mg/kg) 281 7 Phosphorus (mg/kg) 7.26 8 Potassium (mg/ha) 384 9 Copper (mg/kg) 45.1 10 Zinc (mg/kg) 48.2 11 Texture# (%) SC 12 Water holding Capacity (%) 38.4 13 Porosity (%) 32.0 ND – Not Detectable
3.8 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
3.8.1 ECOLOGY
The ecological survey was carried out to establish the baseline ecological conditions of the region. The project being residential in nature will not affect the flora and fauna in the vicinity. On the contrary it will help in improving the general ambience of the locality.
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Description of ecological environment accompanied with possible important delination is essential to impact assessment process. Biological environment has been defined as all plants and animals in a given place and time and a description of them. Also, it is defined as a "Science that concerns itself with the interrelationships of living organisms, plants and animals and their environment" (A. Macfadyen, 1957). However, only description of plants and animals is not just sufficient for the EIA, but it is important to know how these components will be affected adversively or positively due to the proposed activities.
3.8.2 FLORA
List of flora observed in study area is given in Table 3.12. None of the plant species is identified as belonging to rare, endangered or threatened category as compared with records of Botanical Survey of India (Red Book of Data, Nayar, 1987, 1988 & 1990) and other available reports such as data from the district forest office and the related reference books from the BNHS on the subject (Billore, 1972; Almeida, 1996).
Table 3.12 : Lists of Plant Species Observed in Study Area
Botanical Name Habit Family English and Local Names Acacia auriculiformis T Fabaceae Australian Wattle, Bangali Babool Azadirachta indica T Meliaceae Margosa Tree, Nim Borassus flabellifer T Arecaceae Palmyra Palm, Tad Butea monosperma T Fabaceae Butea Gum Tree, Palas Calotropis gigantea S Asclepiadaceae Gigantic Swallow Wort, Ruhi Carissa carandas S Apocynaceae Carandas Plum, Karaunda Cocos nucifera T Arecaceae Coconut, Nariel Delonix regia T Fabaceae May Flower, Gulmohur Eucalyptus globulus T Myrtaceae Blue Gum, Nilgiri Ficus bengalensis T Moraceae Eve's Apron, Wad, Bargad Ficus glomerata T Moraceae Dumri Tree, Umber Ficus hispida T Moraceae Rough Leaved Fig, Katgularia Gliricidia sepium T Fabaceae Gliricidia/ Madre Tree Ipomoea carnea S Convolvulaceae Bush Morning Glory, Besharam Lantana camara H Verbenaceae Common Lantana, Raimuniya Leucaena T Fabaceae Lead Tree, Subabul leucocephala Madhuca indica T Sapotaceae Honey Tree, Mahua Mangifera indica T Arecaceae Mango Tree, Aam Morinda pubescens T Rubiaceae Indian Mulberry, Aal Moringa oleifera T Moringaceae Drumstick Tree, Sahjan Peltophorum T Fabaceae Copperpod Tree, Peltophorom pterocarpum
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Botanical Name Habit Family English and Local Names Pongamia pinnata T Fabaceae Indian Beech Tree, Karanj Salmalia malabarica T Malvaceae White Silk Cotton, Safed Simul Syzygium cumini T Myrtaceae Indian Jamun, Jamun Tamarindus indica T Fabaceae Tamarind, Ambli Tectona grandis T Verbenaceae Teak, Sagwan Terminalia arjuna T Combretaceae Arjun Terminalia catapa T Combretaceae Indian Almound, Deshi Badam Thespesia populnea T Malvaceae Portia Tree, Gajadanda Ziziphus mauritiana T Rhamnaceae Indian Plum Tree, Ber
3.8.3 FAUNA
The fauna of an area is dependent upon the vegetation and there are countless relationships between the species composing an animal community. Assessment techniques generally provide information on the dominant species, rare or endangered species, species sensitive to impacts and important ecological interrelationships. There are several methods in which animals may be assessed. The choice of method that is used varies with the extent and purpose of study.
A published list from Forest Departments (Thane and Raigad District) and information gathered from the people residing in and around the study area was used as reference materials.
AVIFAUNA
A total number of 71 species of birds including aquatic birds were identified during the ecological survey. Table 3.13 gives the list of avifauna recorded in the study area. The most striking was the avifauna and due to the active locomotion of their body cataloguing species list method was applied in the assessment. The mark‐recapture method was not practically feasible for the present study.
Table 3.13: List of Avifauna Recorded in the Study Area
Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Accipitridae Accipiter badius Shikra R Sturnidae Acridotheres tristis Indian myna R Alcedinidae Alcedo atthis Common kingfisher R Passeridae Anthus rufulus Paddyfield pipit R Rallidae Amaurornis White breasted R phoenicurus waterhen Apodidae Apus affinis House Swift R Ardeidae Ardeola grayii Pond heron R Strigidae Athene brama Spotted Owlet R Ardeidae Bubulcus ibis Cattle egret R Cuculidae Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal R
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Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Muscicapidae Cercomela fusca Brown rock‐chat R Charadriidae Charadrius dubius Little ringed plover R Columbidae Columba livia Blue rock pigeon R Muscicapidae Copsychus saularis Oriental Magpie Robin R Coraciidae Coracias benghalensis Indian roller/ blue jay R Corvidae Corvus splendens House crow R Picidae Dendrocopos Yellow crowned R mahrattensis woodpecker Dicaeidae Dicaeum agile Thick‐billed R Flowerpecker Corvidae Dicrurus macrocercus Black drongo R Ardeidae Egretta garzetta Little egret R Accipitridae Elanus caeruleus Black‐shouldered kite R Fringillidae Emberiza bruniceps Red headed bunting WV Cuculidae Eudynamys scolopacea Asian Koel R Falconidae Falco peregrinus Peregrine falcon R Falconidae Falco tinnunculus Common Kestrel R Scolopacidae Gallinago gallinago Common snipe WV Scolopacidae Gallinago stenura Pintail snipe WV Accipitridae Haliastur indus Brahmini kite R Dacelonidae Halcyon smyrnensis White throated R kingfisher Cuculidae Hierococcyx varius Common Hawk Cuckoo R Recurvirostridae Himantopus Black winged stilt R himantopus Hirundinidae Hirundo daurica Red‐rumped Swallow RM Hirundinidae Hirundo smithii Wiretailed swallow R Daniidae Lanius schach Rufousbacked shrike R Daniidae Lanius vittatus Baybacked Shrike R Estrildinae Lonchura puntulata Scaly‐breasted Munia R Capitonidae Megalaima Coppersmith Barbet R haemacephala Meropidae Merops orientalis Small green bee‐eater R Accipitridae Milvus migrans Common pariah Kite R Passeridae Motacilla White‐browed wagtail R maderaspatensis Passeridae Motacilla cinerea Grey wagtail RM Passeridae Motacilla flava Yellow wagtail RM Cisticolidae Orthotomus sutorius Common Tailorbird R Paridae Parus major Great tit R Accipitridae Pernis ptilorhyncus Honey buzzard R Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax niger Little Cormorant R Muscicapidae Phoenicurus ochruros Black redstart WV Ploceidae Ploceus philippinus Baya weaver R Psittacidae Psittacula krameri Rose ringed parakeet R Pycnonotidae Pycnonotus cafer Red vented Bulbul R Pycnonotidae Pycnonotus jocosus Red whiskered Bulbul R
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Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Muscicapidae Rhipidura aureola White browed fantail R flycatcher Muscicapidae Saxicoloides fulicata Indian robin R Accipitridae Spilornis cheela Crested serpent eagle R Laridae Sterna aurantia River tern R Laridae Sterna acuticauda Black billed tern R Columbidae Streptopelia chinensis Spotted dove R Columbidae Streptopelia Laughing dove R senegalensis Sturnidae Sturnus pagodarum Brahminy starling R Threskiornithidae Threskiornis Black‐headed ibis R melanocephalus Scolopacidae Tringa hypoleucos Common sandpiper WV Scolopacidae Tringa nebularia Common Greenshank WV Scolopacidae Tringa ochropus Green Sandpiper WV Scolopacidae Tringa totanus Common Redshank WV Sylviidae Turdoides caudatus Common babbler R Strigidae Tyto alba Barn Owl R Charadriidae Vanellus indicus Redwattled lapwing R R – Resident, WV – Winter Visitor, RM – Resident Migrant
The fauna of the study area shows a very wide diversity
The common domestic animals observed during the survey are Bos indicus (Cow), Babalus babalis (Buffalo), Capra domesticus (Goat), Felis domesticus (Cat), Canis familiaris (Dog), Sus domesticus (Pig), Equus cabalus (Horses) were also noticed during the survey.
The list of fauna sited in the study area is presented in Table 3.14. The identified fauna in the study area has been classified with respect to their Phylum, Class, Red Data Book category, etc. Table 3.14: List of Fauna Observed in the Study Area Schedule Class Scientific name Common name WPA 1972 Insecta Butterflies Catopsilia pomona Common Emigrant Cynthia cardui Painted Lady Danaus genutia Striped Tiger Eurema hecabe Common Grass Yellow Limenitis procris Commander Neptis hylas Common Sailor Pachliopta aristolochiae Common Rose Papilio polymnestor Common Mormon Parantica aglea Glassy Tiger Symphaedra nais Baronet Grasshopper Chorthippus bicolor Common Grasshopper s Poecilocera picta Painted Grasshopper Ants Oecophylla smaragdina Weaver Ant Crematogaster sp Pagoda Ant
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Insecta Bees Apis mellifica Honey Bee Spiders Attidae sp Jumping Spider Argiope sp Signature Spider Amphibia IV Rana cyanophlyctis Skipper Frog IV Rana tigrina Indian Bullfrog Reptilia Calotes versicolor Common Garden Lizard Mabuya carinata Common Skink II Xenochropis piscator Checkered Keelback Mammalia V Bandicota indica Bandicoot Rat IV Funambulus palmarum Three striped palm squirrel II Herpestes edwardsi Common Mongoose V Pteropus giganteus Indian Flying Fox
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CHAPTER 4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT IDENTIFICATION, PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 INTRODUCTION Environmental impact assessment involves identification, prediction and evaluation of potential impacts of the proposed activities within the study area. These activities include all the actions that are required for successful construction of project and its use. The baseline setting for the environmental components are documented in the previous chapter whereas the present chapter discusses potential impacts during the construction /Operation phases.
The impact identification and prediction process aims to: Identify potential source or cause of impact throughout the life of project Assess the potential of changing likely‐hood of impact through Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
4.2 POLLUTION SOURCES Pollutants generated in the development of proposed Hotel Resort project during both the construction and functional phases are solid, liquid and gaseous in nature. Also the generation of pollution could be continuous, periodic or accidental. Sources of pollutants and their characteristics during the construction and functional phase are given below in Table 4.1. Table 4.1: Pollutant Sources and Characteristics
Sr. Activity/ Pollutant Pollutant Frequency No. Area Characteristics CONSTRUCTION PHASE 1. Site Air emissions Dust from, Temporary Preparation – SPM, PM10, construction during CO, NOx, SO2 activities and construction excavation. phase and Particulates, NOx and during ground CO from vehicle working and exhaust levelling activities. Earth / solid Solid waste from Periodic. waste construction activity and excavation (foundation purpose). Noise Noise generated Temporary from construction during initial equipment and construction machinery phase.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 50 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Sr. Activity/ Pollutant Pollutant Frequency No. Area Characteristics Solid Waste Solid Waste Temporary – generated from during the temporary labour initial camps on site construction phase FUNCTIONAL PHASE 1. Vehicular Air emissions Vehicle exhaust Continuous / movement and Noise emissions Periodic 2. Sewage Solid waste Settled and stabilized Continuous treatment sludge Plant Treated water Treated sewage used Continuous for horticulture 3. Maintenance/ Wastewater Floor washing Continuous Hotel staff Solid waste Used equipment Continuous parts and garden wastes 4. Vehicle Oil Spills Minor oil leaks in Continuous– Parking Area parking lot small quantities 5. Storm water Wastewater Contamination During rainy drains discharge from site – season Mainly suspended solids
4.3 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION The critical areas of environmental concerns for which the impacts and their predictions are taken into consideration are mainly: Land Environment Water Environnent Air Environnent Noise Environnent Aesthetics Socio economic Environment Energy Conservation Traffic Impact The impacts can be further categorized as positive impacts and negative impacts depending upon their nature, potential and magnitude.
4.3.1 Environmental Aspects of Construction Operations Major environmental concerns related to construction activities are: Generation, storage, and disposal of wastes;
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 51 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Noise pollution due to plant, machinery, equipments and vehicle movement; Air pollution due to machinery, equipments and vehicle movement; Generation and disposal of wastewater; Consumption of resources such as water, electricity Soil erosion caused due to loss of vegetation and other construction activities.
4.3.2 Environmental Aspects of Building Planning and Use Impacts identified during operation of the Resort such as: Disposal of domestic sewage. Disposal of solid wastes generated in the proposed project. Increase in emissions due to vehicular traffic. Increase in noise levels due to transport. Environmental aspects of complex are not just limited to impact of sources of pollution but also relate to:
Sr. Area Aspect No. Solar Heating Energy I. Natural Ventilation conservation Interiour/ Exterior Lighting Reuse of recycled Water Water Gardening Water Source II. Conservation Bathroom Fittings Rainwater Harvesting Construction Materials Selection III. Material Use Paint Selection Use of Recycled Materials Parking Aesthetics During IV. Standby Power Supply Functional Use Provision for Garden
4.4 LAND ENVRIONMENT
The land is flat and sloping towards West direction. The existing land use will be altered due to proposed project
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 52 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 4.2: Google image of project site and surrounding
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 53 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Land area, built up area:
The project will be developed on the land comprising about 4030 m2 area. The total built up area (FSI Proposed) of the Project is 1002.22 m2. Water Supply: The total water requirement of project will during operation phase will be 15 KLD. Sewage generation is 9 KLD. Total Fresh water requirement is 8 KLD. Water will be source from Phansad Dam through Grampanchayat. 4 KLD of treated water will be used for flushing, 5 KLD for gardening purpose. Power: The max demand load for Project is 0.08 MW. The power will be made available from the MSEB.
Connectivity: The project site is accessible by Revdanda Murud Road.
Parking: The four wheeler parking required as per rule is 20Nos and provided is 20 Nos. The two wheeler parking required as per rule is 12 Nos. and provided is 12 Nos.
Construction debris: The construction debris generated during construction phase is 40 m3. The regular health check of construction workers will be carried out at project site. The Personal protective equipment’s will be provided to each worker. The regular training on health and safety will be given to the workers.
During construction phase activities such as clearance, cutting, filling and Levelling will take place. Construction activities involving levelling, excavation (Foundation purposes) and removal of existing vegetation would invariably disturb the soil of the area. The impacts on soil during construction phase shall be mainly due to loss of top soil in the construction areas and contamination of the soils of surrounding area due to construction materials such as cement, sand etc.
4.5 WATER ENVIRONMENT The water requirement during construction phase is 5 KLD. Ground water will not be used during construction phase. Therefore, impact on ground water availability is insignificant. The current ground water level is in the range of 0.5‐ 1.0 m. Domestic water supply for the proposed project of the project will be from Phansad Dam through Grampanchayat.
The total water requirement of project will be 15 KLD. Sewage generation is 9 KLD. Total Fresh water requirement is 8 KLD. Water will be source from Phansad Dam through Grampanchayat. 4 KLD of treated water will be used for flushing and 5 KLD for gardening purpose. Treated water from STP will be used for flushing in toilets and landscape area. The project activity shall have rainwater harvesting only of rainfall on terraces. RWH tank of 10 m3 will be provided. The stored water will be used for domestic purpose.
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Storm water: Storm water generation from the entire plot area is 0.22 m3/sec. SWD are already developed in and around the project site.
Storm water Generation Calculation
1) Unpaved area (a) 415.15 m2
Maximum rainfall (b) 150 mm/hr
Total volume of rainfall (a x b x 0.4) 25 m3/hr
2) Paved area (a) 3,614.85 m2
Maximum rainfall (b) 150 mm/hr
Total volume of rainfall (a x b x 0.8) 433.7 m3/hr
Total storm water 458.7 m3/hr
Storm water drains of 300 mm will be provided along the plot boundary. The plan showing SWD line at project site is given in figure 4.2:
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 55 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 4.2: Storm Water Drainage Plan
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 56 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
To prevent degradation and maintain the quality of water source, adequate control measures have been proposed to check the surface run‐off, as well as uncontrolled flow of water into any water body. Avoid excavation during monsoon season. Rainwater harvesting can serve as a solution to water problem in worst case scenario.
Following methods can increase efficiency of rainwater harvesting and recharging groundwater. Catch drainage all along the periphery of plot to prevent surface runoff. Reduce and filter surface runoff.
Use vegetated swales and depressions to reduce runoff. Impacts of the proposal on the ground water: In the proposed development there will be no tapping of groundwater. Water demand for the operational phase will be met from sources such as TMC.
Unsanitary conditions during construction phase: No, the deployment of construction labourers will not lead to any unsanitary condition. The construction labourers will be provided with temporary shelter shades within the project premises. The unsanitary condition will be removed by means of providing readymade septic tanks. Solid waste will be disposed off in municipal waste disposal system. Sewage Treatment: The Sewage Treatment plant (STP) is designed to treat the raw waste water generated. Probable impact on water resources in the operation phase will be mainly due to discharge of domestic sewage generated during the use phase of the building. The sewage generated from proposed project will be around 9 KLD. The sewage will be treated in STP of total 10 KLD capacity. The treated sewage will be used for flushing and gardening purpose. Dual plumbing system: The proposed development will have the dual plumbing system as the treated sewage will be used for recycling.
4.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT VEGETATION: Impact on ecology may be of two types: (1) physical disturbances, (2) Exposure to pollutants. There is no sensitive ecosystem present at site that will be disturbed by the project, as existing land use in surrounding area is residential and commercial Disturbances of physical environment either directly by occupation of land or indirectly by changes in water levels and flow, soil structure, land form etc. can have effect of removing habitats, plants and animals or, disturbing feeding,
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 57 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad roosting, nesting, reproduction and migration requirements. Damages to the habitats can be caused by various construction activities. FAUNA There will be no direct or indirect impact on the avifauna of the area. The sightings of bird species were very less during the study period. The most commonly spotted bird species of this area were; Parrot, sparrow, Owl, Bat Intermediate Egret, Red‐wattled Lapwing, Spotted Dove, House Crow, Purple Sunbird, Bank Myna and common Myna, Magpie Robin, Cattle Egret, Rock Pigeon, , Puff‐throated Babbler, White‐breasted Kingfisher, Wire‐tailed Swallow.
4.7 AIR ENVIRONMENT The project will result in negligible increase in the atmospheric concentrations of gases due to increased traffic. The proposed activity will not result in the formation of any heat islands, as it does not involve any significant change in the land use pattern. The baseline concentration of pollutants at project site is given below
Sources of air pollution during construction phase are: Movement of vehicles to carry construction material; Site clearance/excavation (Foundation purpose); Emission from construction machinery; and Emissions due to vehicular movement Vehicles carrying construction material are expected to result in increased SPM levels. This can be of potential importance if the vehicles pass through the residential areas. At the construction yard, the dust levels are also expected to increase due to unloading of construction materials.
4.8 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Construction Phase: Increase in ambient noise levels is expected during construction phase. The operation of construction / material handling machinery. Construction vehicles employed for transporting various construction materials will also lead to increase in ambient noise levels. However this will be short term impacts and will be restricted to construction phase only. The magnitude of impact from noise will depend upon type of equipment to be used, construction method and also on work scheduling. The quantity of the waste being very small, the hours of operations is not expected to be more than one shift. Further, it has been decided not to operate the landfill after sunset. Thus, it is not expected to affect ambient noise levels. Noise limit / specifications for construction equipment’s are not yet prescribed by MoEF. However, the limited information on some of the equipment’s is available and is tabulated below: Table 4.2: Noise Limits for Appliances & Equipment’s at Construction Stage
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Equipment Noise Limit dB(A) Window Air Conditioner 68 Air Cooler 60 Diesel Generators 85‐90 Compactors (rollers), front loaders, concrete mixers, 75 cranes, vibrators & saws General noise levels generated from the operation of construction equipment and machinery are provided in Table 4.3.
Table 4.3: Noise Levels Generated from Construction Equipment Equipment Noise Level at 1 m from source, dB(A)* Back Hoe/Loader 105 Concrete Mixer 109 Concrete Pump 94 Concrete Vibrators 101 Dump Truck 107 Hammering 110 Jackhammer 112 *calculated noise levels referring to the source ColumbiaWorkshop1‐Construction Noise.pdf
The resultant average noise emission level at 1 m from source, as calculated from information provided in Table 4.3 are considering that all pertinent equipment’s are in operation at a time, which is a remote possibility.
The baseline noise level at project site and surrounding area is 54 dB(A). Predictions have been carried out to compute the noise level at various distances around the project site and output is shown in Figure 4.2
Anticipated noise levels at project site and surrounding area resulting from construction activity have been computed using point source model. Basic phenomenon of the model is the geometric attenuation of sound. Noise at a point generates spherical waves, which are propagated outwards from the source through the air at a speed of 1,100 ft/sec, with the first wave making an ever‐increasing sphere with time. As the wave spreads the intensity of noise diminishes as the fixed amount of energy is spread over an increasing surface area of the sphere. The assumption of the model is based on point source relationship i.e., for every doubling of the distance the noise levels are decreased by 6 dB (A). Point source propagation is defined by the following equation:
Noise (Receptor) = Noise (Source) – 20 log [Distance (Receptor)/ Distance (Source)]
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Figure 4.2: Predicted Noise Levels
Predicted Noise Levels 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 Noise Level [dB(A)] 10 0 1 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 Distance from source (m) Noise Levels
Use of proper personal protective equipment will mitigate any significant impact of the noise generated by such equipment. Similarly, as the major work will be carried out during the day time, the impact on the surrounding area due to the activity will be negligible.
Functional Phase: The impact on noise during the operation phase of the project will be due to vehicular traffic. The incremental noise level at project site will be around 4 dB(A). The noise impact due to traffic on habitable floor is negligible. Proper management of the entry & exit movement of the vehicle would reduce the congestion of roads leading in and out of the proposed project. Implementation of traffic management systems will help in lessening the noise impacts. The DG Sets shall be as per the guide lines laid down by EPR for specific noise emission standards. Measures shall be taken for reduction of noise by using acoustic enclosures.
4.9 AESTHETICS The project would have significant impact on aesthetics if it would cause any of the following conditions to occur Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista; Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its surroundings The degree to which the project would contribute to the area's aesthetic value; The degree of contrast between proposed features and existing features that represent the area's valued aesthetic image; The change in ambient illumination levels as a result of project sources
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Construction Phase: The aesthetics of the project area is likely to get disturbed during the construction phase. However, barricading the construction site will help in improving its visual aesthetic to the by passers. Also, this will not be a permanent impact and will be confined to the construction phase only. Functional Phase: The proposed land use of the site would be mainly Residential & restaurant & Lodging Buildings and will not result in obstruction of view, scenic amenity or landscape. However, the buildings will be planned in such a way that the organised open areas and landscaped areas are at the centre so that all can enjoy the green areas. Internal roads, footpaths/ pedestrian pathways have been planned within the proposed project. The project has been designed as per the development control of Town planning Authority. No anthropological or archaeological sites or artefacts are found near the site area. There will be around 415.15 m2 open space/RG in project project. The provision of landscaped garden and green belt development in proposed project will improve the aesthetics value.
4.10 Socio‐Economic Environment Construction Phase: Majority of the labour will be recruited locally and only minimal skilled workers would be from outside, which is anticipated to be very small and will not alter the existing demographic profile of the area. Most of the construction work is labour intensive. As most of the job will be done by contractors, it will be ensured that the contractor's workers are provided with proper facilities including sanitation and drinking water supply.
A significant number of workers (Approx 30 Nos.,) comprising of skilled, semi‐ skilled and unskilled labourers, shall be employed by various contractors at site during the peak period of construction phase. Significant number of semiskilled and unskilled labourers would be recruited from the nearby areas. This would create temporary employment opportunities in the area.
Short term employment will be created during construction activities and this will be a positive impact of the proposed project.
Functional Phases: The use phase of the project will have overall positive impacts on socio economic environment. The project will generate employment (employment of Hotel staff activity) during operational phase which will benefit the local population in getting work opportunities. It will create long term employment in activities such as maintenance of the buildings and ancillary services. This will improve the quality of life within the core zone and will have a long‐term beneficial impact.
4.11 BUILDING MATERIAL Building materials with high embodied energy will be used. Materials with high‐ embodied energy Building materials such as fly ash, light weight concrete, composite or engineered marble, aluminium, recycled glass or composite wood will be used.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 61 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Transport and handling of materials during construction may result in pollution, noise & public nuisance. Adequate mitigative measures will be adopted. Construction equipment with idling control technologies will be used. Regular maintenance of the equipments will be carried out. The construction activities will be carried out during the daytime only. The workers exposed to high noise generating would be provided with earplugs earmuffs. The detailed mitigation measures are given in Chapter 9 Solid waste: The operation phase of the project will generate garbage as solid waste. Land contamination mainly occurs because lack of proper storage and disposal of solid waste. The solid waste will be mainly domestic in nature and will not contain any hazardous waste. Solid waste generated from entire project will be 18 kg/day. Out of which 11 kg/day will be biodegradable Component and 7 kg/day will be Inert, Recyclable Waste. Segregation of dry and wet garbage will be done at source. Dry garbage as inert/recyclable waste such as plastics, glass, metals, rubber will be segregated and disposed off to recyclers. Wet garbage/biodegradable matter as leftover food, vegetables will be composted using vermicomposting.
4.12 ENERGY CONSERVATION The power supply (Maximum Demand Load) necessary for the proposed buildings is estimated as 0.08 MW. The power will be made available from the MSEB and Permission for the same will be obtained.
Energy conservation measures proposed in the project is as follows Energy efficient lighting using LED’s Solar lighting on street and RG area Solar hot water system Use of high energy efficient pumps for fire fighting, UG tanks and STP
Solar street lights are proposed in building and common areas such as open spaces, pathways, RG etc. Also solar hot water system is proposed project.
4.13 TRAFFIC IMPACT
Construction Phase: The traffic impact during construction phase will be due to increased movement of trucks carrying debris. The parking of the construction vehicles at the site premises on the road will cause congestion of traffic. Adequate parking space should be made inside the construction premises to lessen the impacts.
Functional Phase: In the operation phase there will be increase in the vehicular movement because of the tourist and visitors.
The site is accessible by existing 13.0 m wide Alibaug‐ Murud State highway & 9.0 m wide access Road.
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4.14 IMPACT MATRIX Various activities from the proposed project are likely to have some impacts on the environmental constituents during its construction as well as operational phase. The impact assessment matrix given in Table 4.4 reveals the impacts associated with each activity of the project on various environmental parameters before any mitigation measures are implemented. Table 4.5 reveals the impact matrix after possible mitigation measures are implemented. To assess the severity of the impacts, they are categorized as follows.
Category Severity of Impact Definition Something much better than status quo A Highly Positive Impact. (do nothing) B Low Positive Impact. Something slightly better than status quo C Highly Negative Impact. Something much damaging than status quo D Low Negative Impact Something slightly damaging than status quo Indicates no ‐‐ conceivable impact on Status quo (Do nothing) the environment. * Short Term Impact Impacts limited to certain Phase ** Long Term Impact Long lasting impacts
Table 4.4: Construction Phase Impact Matrix
Proposed Actions Sr. Environmental Civil Transportation Machinery No. Parameter Excavation Works operation Air Environment SPM/RSPM C* C* C* D* Sulphur dioxide ‐ ‐ D* D* 1. Nitrogen oxides ‐ ‐ D* D* Carbon ‐ ‐ D* D* Monoxides Water Environment Ground water ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ quality 2. Surface water ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Quality Drainage C ‐ ‐ ‐ system Land Environment 3. Waste Disposal C ‐ ‐ ‐ Soil Erosion C ‐ ‐ ‐
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 63 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Proposed Actions Sr. Environmental Civil Transportation Machinery No. Parameter Excavation Works operation Noise 4. Ambient noise C* D* D* C* levels Ecological Parameters Flora ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 5. Fauna ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Aquatic ecology ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Socio Economic Parameters Employment B* A* A* B* 6. Occupational ‐ ‐ ‐ D Health Infrastructure D ‐ D ‐ Table 4.5: Operation Phase Impact Matrix
Sr. Environmental Proposed Actions No Parameter Transport Solid Sewage Wate Energy Recreat . ation / Waste Generat r Consump ion commutat generat ion Cons tion /Garde ion ion umpt ning / ion Green belt 1. Air Environment SPM/RSPM D** ‐ ‐ ‐ D* A** Sulphur dioxide D** ‐ ‐ ‐ D* B** Oxides of Nitrogen D** ‐ ‐ ‐ D* B** Carbon monoxides D ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 2. Water Environment Ground water ‐ ‐ ‐ D ‐ ‐ quality Surface water ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Quality Receiving Water ‐ ‐ C** ‐ ‐ ‐ body Quality 3. Land Environment Waste Disposal on ‐ C** ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Land Soil Stability ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐‐ A** 4. Noise Ambient noise D** ‐ ‐ D D* B** levels 5. Ecological Parameters Flora ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ A** Fauna ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ A**
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Sr. Environmental Proposed Actions No Parameter Transport Solid Sewage Wate Energy Recreat . ation / Waste Generat r Consump ion commutat generat ion Cons tion /Garde ion ion umpt ning / ion Green belt Aquatic ecology ‐ ‐ D** ‐ ‐ ‐ 6. Socio Economic Parameters Employment B** ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ A** Generation Occupational ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ B** Health Infrastructure D** ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ A** 7. Resources Energy/Fuel C** ‐ ‐ D ‐ 8. Aesthetics Topography ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ A** /skyline Visual Air Quality ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ A**
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CHAPTER 5 SPECIFIC STUDIES
5.1 TRAFFIC PATTERN AND DENSITY
Traffic Surveys are necessary to capture the existing pattern and volume of traffic as a base line data.
Network Inventory Survey and Traffic Volume Surveys were conducted on the Grampanchayat Road. The Grampanchayat Road is the main road in the study area for commuting to project site. The traffic survey was conducted near project site to ascertain the present traffic scenario to evaluate traffic impact that will result from proposed development. Figure 5.1: Project location
In the operation phase there will be increase in the vehicular movement because of the tourists and visitors. The peak hour traffic count for road is as follows: Table 5.1: Existing Traffic Volumes ‐ Year 2016
Sr. 2 Road Taxi Car LCV Bus Truck Total No. Wheeler Alibaug – Murud 1 52 0 12 6 0 3 73 State Highway
Total Capacity General Sr. V/C Road PCU of Roads LOS Operating No. ratio (V) (C) Conditions Alibaug – Murud Reasonably 73 900 0.08 A 1 State Highway flow
Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
5.2 IMPACT ON TRAFFIC
5.2.1 Construction Phase
The traffic impact during construction phase will be due to increased movement of haul trucks carrying excavated soil, debris and construction materials. These movements of trucks will be very less in numbers as compared to the present traffic. The parking of the construction vehicles outside the site premises on the road will cause congestion of traffic. Adequate parking space has been made inside the construction premises to lessen the impacts.
5.2.2 Functional Phase
In the operation phase there will be increase in the vehicular movement because of the tourist and visitors. A traffic survey was carried out during the EIA study period. The details of traffic movement on the Grampanchayat Road monitored for a period of 12 hrs is given in the Table 5.2. The observed traffic data was analysed using the guidelines of Indian Road Congress (IRC). The IRC has stipulated the standards of number of passenger car units (PCU) per lane per hour for different roads i.e., divided and undivided and city roads and Highways. The IRC norms for of PCU’s of different type of vehicles and type of road are as under:
Table 5.2: Recommended PCU Factors for Various Types of Vehicles on Urban Roads
Equivalent PCU Factors Sr. Vehicles Type Percentage composition of Vehicle No. type in traffic stream 5% 10% and above Fast Vehicles 1. Two Wheelers Motor cycle or scooter 0.5 0.75 etc. 2. Passenger car, pick‐up van 1.0 1.0 3. Auto‐rickshaw 1.2 2.0 4. Light commercial vehicle 1.4 2.0 5. Truck or Bus 2.2 3.7 6. Agricultural Tractor Trailer 4.0 5.0 Slow Vehicles 7. Cycle 0.4 0.5 8. Cycle rickshaw 1.5 2.0 9. Tonga (Horse drawn vehicle) 1.5 2.0 10 Hand cart 2.0 3.0 Source: IRC: 106 – 1990
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Table 5.3: Recommended Design Service Volumes (PCU’s Per Hour)
Total Design Service Volumes for S. No. Type of Carriageway Different Categories of Urban Roads Sub‐ Arterial Collector arterial 1. 2‐Lane (One‐Way) 2400 1900 1400 2. 2‐Lane(Two‐Way) 1500 1200 900 3. 3‐Lane (One‐Way) 3600 2900 2200 4. 4‐Lane Undivided (Two‐way) 3000 2400 1800 5. 4‐Lane Divided (Two‐Way) 3600 2900 ‐ 6. 6‐Lane Undivided (Two‐Way) 4800 3800 ‐ 7. 6‐Lane Divided (Two‐Way) 5400 4300 ‐ 8. 8‐Lane Divided (Two‐Way) 7200 ‐ ‐ Source: IRC: 106 – 1990
Table 5.4: Comparison of Congestion Indices (V/C ratios)
After After Sr. Road Present LOS 5 LOS 10 LOS No. Years Years
1 Grampanchayat Road 73 A 158 A 358 B
5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES
5.3.1 Traffic Management Plan
• Provide adequate traffic signages to notify visitors • Prevent parking near the Entry and Exit Gate • Provide speed humps to regulate speed of vehicles
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CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME An environmental monitoring programme is required to provide scientifically defensible information for determining the status of the environmental quality of the surrounding area of the project site and to check whether the levels of critical pollutants are within the environmentally acceptable limits. This will help to obtain an early warning of unacceptable environmental conditions so that control measures can be taken immediately.
6.2 MONITORING PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Environmental monitoring during construction phase shall comprise checking: Appropriate permits, certificates, authorizations and This can be ensured through use of checklists for: Site establishment Site closure Environmental Management Plan implementation monitoring during construction phase Monitoring checklists are presented below. Project Start –up Check list
Environmental Aspect Yes / No Comments Personnel on site are environmental aware of the various issues of interest Telephone numbers of emergency services are available on site. Solid waste management system has been established at both construction site Wastewater management system has been established at both construction site Necessary fire‐fighting equipment is available and in good working order.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 69 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Weekly Checklist
Environmental Aspect Yes / No Comments Construction camp is neat and tidy and the labourers facilities are of an acceptable standard. Waste collection and removal system is being maintained. Sufficient fire‐fighting equipment is available at construction site and is in good working order. All construction vehicles are in good working order and have valid PUC certificates. Dust control measures (wherever necessary) are in place and are effectively controlling dust. Noise‐control measures (wherever necessary) are in place and are working effectively. Erosion control measures (wherever necessary) are in place and are effective in controlling erosion.
6.3 AREAS OF CONCERN
From the monitoring point of view, the important parameters are ground and surface water quality, aquatic flora and fauna, noise, etc. An attempt is made to establish early warning system which indicate the stress on the environment.
Suggested monitoring parameters and programs are described in the subsequent sections.
6.4 GROUND AND SURFACE WATER QUALITY
The ground water quality needs to be monitored at 1 location. The surface water quality needs to be monitored at 1 location in the study area. The frequency of monitoring should be once in three months. The parameters to be monitored are listed as below:
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Sr. No. Parameters Sr. No. Parameters 1 pH 13 Phosphates 2 Electrical conductivity 14 Fluorides 3 Turbidity 15 Chlorides 4 TDS 16 Sulphates 5 TSS 17 Sodium 6 Total Hardness 18 Potassium 7 Alkalinity 19 Calcium 8 Carbonate 20 Magnesium 9 BOD 21 Oil & Grease 10 COD 22 Iron (as Fe) 11 DO 23 Manganese 12 Nitrates 24 Copper 25 Total Coliform
Any other frequency prescribed by the MPCB/ MOEF for monitoring shall be followed.
6.5 STP SEWAGE QUALITY
The physico‐chemical monitoring of selected parameters of influent and outgoing sewage from STP will be maintained on monthly basis. The samples shall be analyzed for general parameters and specific parameters.
All the samples collected from STP shall be tested for General Parameters mentioned below: i) pH ii) Suspended Solids iii) Dissolved Solids iv) Dissolved Oxygen v) C O D vi) B O D vii) Oil & Grease viii) Chlorides ix) Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids x) Phosphate xi) Total Nitrogen
6.6 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
Ambient air quality monitoring will have to be conducted at 3 locations within the study area. The parameters to be monitored are PM10, PM2.5, SO2, Nox & CO. The post‐project ambient air quality monitoring work will be carried out from MoEF
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 71 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad recognized Laboratory. The frequency prescribed by the MPCB/ MOEF for monitoring shall be followed.
6.7 NOISE
Personnel involved in work on noise producing equipment/machineries are likely to be exposed to high level of noise. The post‐project noise level monitoring will be carried out by the project staff and a noise meter shall be purchased.
6.8 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT
Greenbelt development will be monitored once in months to study the growth of various species and to identify the needs if any, such as for irrigation, fertilizer dosing, pesticides, etc.
6.9 MONITORING PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION/OPERATION PHASE
The summary of environmental program during construction and operation phase of proposed project is given in Table No. 6.1
Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Programme
Sr. Environmental Period and Locations Parameters No. attribute Frequency Locations at 24‐hr average Criteria • One at centre sampling except Ambient Air Pollutants: SO , 1. • One Upwind & 2 for CO, which will Quality NOx, PM10, • One downwind be 8‐hr sampling. PM2.5 and CO Location (Twice a week) dB(A) levels L (day) and L Project Site and eq eq SPL (dB(A)) (Night) should be 2. Ambient Noise Nearby villages, L (Night monitored once Sensitive places eq +Day) in a season. Organic matter, C, H, N, 3. Soil quality Greenbelt area Once Alkalinity, Acidity Drinking water parameters as Ground water & 4. At 2 locations per IS 10500 once surface quality Surface water as Per IS 2296 STP outlet water quality for pH, BOD, COD, SS, FC, 5. Water quality STP Monthly Nitrate, Phosphate and O&G , residual chlorine,
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Sr. Environmental Period and Locations Parameters No. attribute Frequency coliforms)
Rate of Survival Greenbelt Project Site and 6. and Growth of Once in a month development Surroundings Various species
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CHAPTER 7 RISK ASSESSMENT & DMP Risk assessment study deals with identifying and evaluating the magnitude of impending risks to the population is exposed due to occurrence of accidents from project construction and development. This assists in illustrating the guidelines for preparation of disaster management plan which will be executed to handle the situation if any emergency. Following are the risks that are identified in buildings.
7.1 FIRE RISK Fire is mainly caused in residential & restaurant due to negligence, short circuits and malfunctioning of gas regulator (Kitchen), tube and such related products. At the proposed project, hazard occurrence may result in on‐site implications like: Fire and/or explosion; Leakage of flammable material and leading to fire; Natural calamities like earthquake, tsunami etc.
There are two worst‐case scenarios for fires in buildings: If fire takes place with high intensity such that even after it is being extinguished, it could damage the building structure on term point of view. A fire originating on the building’s floors is able to spread throughout all the levels of the structure. The overall objective of a disaster management plan is to make use of the combined resources at the site and outside services to achieve the following: 1. To localize the emergency and if possible eliminate it; 2. To minimize the effects of the accident or hazard on people and property; 3. Effect the rescue and medical treatment of casualties; 4. Safeguard other people; 5. Evacuate people to safe areas; 6. Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control;
The DMP has therefore to be related to the identification of sources from which hazards can arise in the concerned area. The plan takes into account actions that can successfully mitigate the effects of losses/ Emergency need to be well planned so as they would require less effort and resources to control and terminate emergencies.
7.2 PUBLIC SAFETY
The incidence of fire or other disasters occurring in buildings often endangers the safety of the persons working in the structure, in the event of an emergency.
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The only way of reducing the damage to public life and property is by conducting fire safety drills and installing well equipped fire safety equipment’s such as smoke detectors, heat sensors, sprinklers, fire extinguisher, water jet, hooters & fire detection system.
7.3 EMERGENCY RESPONSE 7.3.1 Emergency Situations
These are defined as the following: Any fire or explosion in the premises Any smoke outside / inside premises
7.3.2 Emergency Response in Case of Emergency Basic Actions: Immediate and prompt action is the most important factor in the emergency control Immediate steps to stop fire Electrical system except the lighting and fire fighting system would be isolated and be kept separated. If the feed to the fire cannot be cut off, the fire must be controlled and not extinguished. Some of the measures that could be followed are: Start water spray systems in the areas involved in or exposed to fire risks. Block all roads in the adjacent area and enlist support for the purpose, if warranted. 7.3.3 Actions in the Event of Fire: Basic actions will be same as detailed above. Extinguishing fires: A small fire at a point of leakage should be extinguished by enveloping with a water spray or a suitable smothering agent such as CO2. However, fire should not, unless under exceptional circumstances, be extinguished until the escape or leakage of product (e.g. LPG) has been stopped. Fire fighting personnel working in or close to fire, must be protected continuously by water sprays. Fire fighters should advance towards the fire downwind if possible. In case the only valve that can be used to stop the leakage is surrounded by fire, it may be possible to close it manually. The person attempting the closure should be continuously protected by water sprays, fire entry suit, water jet blanket etc. The person must be equipped with a safety belt and a manned lifeline.
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7.3.4 Leakage from a LPG cylinder (canteen area) without fire: Cordon off the area around 30 meters radius so that no vehicle or source of ignition approached the area. Attempt must be made to close the control/ manual valve. Open all windows to increase ventilation and hence prevent build up of vapor cloud. Avoid getting entrapped in the cloud vapor. Warn the surrounding areas to put off all naked flames.
7.3.5 Response sequence for dangerous situations: Person noticing the fire should attempt to isolate and extinguish the fire with the available equipment and inform or arrange to inform the security regarding the following: Location of the fire The extent of fire
Security on duty coordinators will: Must respond accordingly and coordinate all the activities Arrange to send the necessary fire fighting equipment to the place of the incident Extinguish the fire with the available equipment.
7.3 6 Post Emergency Follow Up All cases of fire occurrence, no matter how small or big, must be reported promptly to the Coordinator for follow up. Under no circumstances should fire extinguishing equipment once used be returned to its fixed location before it is recharged/ certified fit by the Fire chief/ Safety Manager. Used fire extinguishers must be laid horizontally to indicate that they have been expended.
7.4 MEDICAL AID First aid kit box must be maintained at each floor. It should at least have medicinal aid for burns and some asphyxiation. If needed, help from the nearby city hospitals/doctors should be obtained.
7.5 RESPONSE EVALUATION, TESTING & UPDATING OF THE PLAN Formulation of a Disaster Management Plan cannot possibly be an end by itself. It needs to be amended by holding of periodical mock emergency simulation and drill. Any shortcomings revealed during such exercise should thereafter be corrected by amending the plan.
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The plan should be reviewed at periodic intervals. The plan should be also reviewed and updated when: Major alteration or extension of existing structure is carried out. Major change in habitation or land use of the neighbourhoods takes place. Important telephone numbers used are altered or changed.
Mock drills activities should be conducted periodically for ensuring its efficiency during emergency as well as for refinement and up gradation. These drills based on the plan will help achieve its objectives of the disaster management plan. Table 7.1: Building Emergency Plan
Building Information Emergency Assembly Area Location Emergency Management Area Number Emergency Staff Potential Fire Hazards Fire Prevention Procedures Medical and Rescue Duties for Employees IMPORTANT PHONE NUMBERS Telephone Numbers for Life‐Threatening Emergencies Where to Get Information During a Large‐ Scale Emergency What to Do When You Hear Building Warning Sirens / Signs Telephone Numbers for Non‐Life Threatening Emergencies EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Emergency Notification Procedures Evacuation Procedures Fire Procedures Earthquake Procedures Explosion or Bomb Threat Procedures Utility Failure Elevator Failure Flooding, Plumbing or Steam Line Failure Natural Gas Release or Leak Ventilation Problem
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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS Supplies Securing Building Contents
7.6 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
7.6.1Evacuation Procedures: A building may required by law to evacuate the building when the fire alarm starts. There may be instances where the building would be evacuated without a fire alarm sounding.
When evacuating your building or work area: The floor diagram will be provided to every floor which can show the entry and exist during evacuation. Proper sign showing the exit route towards the staircases would be provided. Primary evacuation routes leading to the designated assembly point (solid lines) would be provided. Stay calm; do not rush or panic. If safe, gather your personal belongings. If safe, close door and window, but do not lock them. If in parking lot, immediately park your car so that the access to other vehicles as well as people are not hampered and proceed to the nearest exit by staircase or as guided. Use the nearest stairs and proceed to the nearest exit. Do not use the elevator. 7.6.2 Firefighting Procedures: A building occupant may be required by law to evacuate the building when the fire alarm begins. If trained, able and safe (with a sure and safe exit), use a portable fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. Evacuate if one extinguisher does not put out the fire. Evacuate the building as soon as the alarm sounds and proceed to the EAA. On your way out, warn others. Use stairs only; do not use elevators. Move away from fire and smoke. Close doors and windows if time permits. Touch closed doors. Do not open them if they are hot. Enter the building only when instructed to do so by emergency responders.
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7.6.3 Earthquake Procedures: During an earthquake: Inside the Building: Duck under the nearest sturdy object and hold onto it until the shaking stops. If you are not near a sturdy object, make yourself as small as possible and cover your head and neck. If you stand in a doorway, brace yourself against the frame and watch out for a swinging door or other obstruction. Avoid windows, filing cabinets, bookcases, and other heavy objects that could fall or shatter. If safe, before evacuating, neutralize / turn off any flammable source (cooking gas, electricity etc.) that could lead to further danger. Outside the Building: Move away from trees, signs, buildings, electrical poles and wires, fires, and smoke. Protect your head with your arms from falling debris. 7.6.4 Flooding, Plumbing or related Failure: If your building has a plumbing failure, a flood, or related failure: Cease using electrical equipment. Call XXX Plumbing service. For water removal call XXXX Service.
7.6.5 Gas Release or Leak (PNG, LPG etc): If you smell natural gas: Cease all operations immediately. Do not operate light switches. Evacuate as soon as possible. Call the service providers emergency numbers Call Facilities Services or society Manager for leased space.
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CHAPTER 8 PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE The proposed project is the part of Rural infrastructure development (Town planning) and its associated activities will help to build physical infrastructure like accomodation, roads, telephones line, electric substations, and water supply lines in study area. The benefits of the proposed project are as follows: 1‐ The project will create an additional stock for tourist people for their accommodation 2‐ Adequate parking facilities to the tourist 3‐ Good sanitation facilities 4‐ The expected outcome of the proposed project will be the good quality of livelihood to people 5‐ Water recycling and rain water harvesting 6‐ Solar hot water to tourist, solar lighting within compound wall 7‐ The establishment of a vegetation covering land in and around the proposed project will result in many direct and indirect benefits
8.2 EMPLOYMENT Proposed project would employ personnel during construction phase that will help in improving the existing socio‐economic status The significant positive impact on employment and occupation is envisaged on account of Better economic status of the community due to better earnings Employment of local people in activities like housekeeping, security, office/hotel staff etc. – 10‐15 people employed.
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CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
9.1 INTRODUCTION Identification and prediction of impacts further needs to suggest the mitigation measures which play a vital role in prevention of environmental pollution during construction and implementation phase of proposed project. This leads to preparation of environmental management plan. Environmental management plan therefore forms an imperative part of Rapid EIA process. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a site specific plan developed to ensure that the project is implemented in an environmental sustainable manner where all contractors and subcontractors to understand the potential environmental risks arising from the proposed project and take appropriate actions. EMP also ensures that the project implementation is carried out in accordance with the design and by taking appropriate mitigative actions to reduce adverse environmental impacts during its life cycle. The potential environmental impacts, which need to regulate are mentioned below: Air pollution due to the emission of Particulate Matter and gaseous pollutants; Noise pollution due to various noise generating equipment as well as vehicular movement; Wastewater generation from sanitary/domestic activities; and Solid waste disposal.
9.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 9.2.1 Construction Phase
The major sources of air pollution during the construction period will be from the movement of vehicles for construction activity, the emissions are from the stationary sources like generator sets during emergency service only, and excavation for foundation. Dust suppression by spraying of water will reduce these impacts considerably. To mitigate the impact of SPM/dust during the construction phase of the proposed project, the following measures are recommended: A Fugitive dust control. Procedural changes to construction activities. ‐ Fugitive Dust Control Source wise Fugitive dust control measures are tabulated below:
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Table 9.1: Fugitive Dust Control Measures
Source Control Measures ‐ For any earth moving which are more than 30m Earth moving from site boundary, conduct watering as necessary to prevent visible dust emissions. ‐ Apply dust suppression measures frequently to maintain a stabilized surface; ‐ Areas, which Disturbed surface areas cannot be stabilized, as evidenced by wind driven dust, must have an application of water at least twice per day. ‐ Water all roads used for any vehicular traffic at least twice per day of active operations; OR ‐ Unpaved roads Water all roads used for any vehicular traffic once daily and restrict vehicle speed to 20 kmph, which will reduce dust emission. ‐ Downwash of construction vehicles (especially Track‐out control tyres) prior to departure from site.
The most cost‐effective dust suppressant is water, because a source of water tends to be readily available on a construction site. Water can be applied using handheld sprays. 9.2.2 Functional Phase To mitigate the impact of pollutants from vehicular traffic during the operational phase of the site, the following measures are recommended for implementation: Vehicle emission controls; and Landscape development. Vehicle Emission Controls
Regular maintenance of the vehicle should be mandatory. Restriction of speed is also helpful in the reducing the emission rate. Instead of petrol, CNG/LPG as fuel should be encouraged. Landscape Development Increasing vegetation in the form of Landscape is one of the preferred methods to mitigate air pollution. Plants generate oxygen, serve as a sink for pollutants, reduce the flow of dust and reduce noise pollution.
9.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 9.3.1 Construction Phase To mitigate the impact of noise from construction equipment, the following measures are suggested: Noise prone activities will be restricted to the extent possible during night.
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Workers employed in high noise areas will be rotated. Earplugs/muffs, or other hearing protective wear will be provided to those working very close to the noise generating machinery.
9.3.2 Functional Phase To mitigate the impact of noise from diesel generator sets as discussed in previous chapter during this phase the following measures are recommended for implementation: Noise Emissions Control Technologies: DG would be housed in a suitable acoustic treated room, which should be designed for meeting the ambient noise standards. It would be ensured that the manufacturer provides acoustic treated rooms as an integral part with diesel generator sets. Landscape Development: Noise attenuating / breaking species can be used in a Landscape especially surrounding noise generating sources. Appropriate trees which will act as noise barriers should be planted in the premises and along the road side.
9.4 IMPACT ON WATER RESOURCES 9.4.1 Construction Phase To prevent degradation and maintain the quality of the water, adequate control measures have been proposed to check the surface run‐off, as well as uncontrolled flow of water into any nearby water body like sea etc. Following management measures are suggested to protect the water quality during this phase. Avoid excavation (foundation purpose) during monsoon season. Care should be taken to avoid soil erosion. Septic tanks shall be constructed on the site during construction phase to prevent wastewater from entering the water bodies. Construction activities generate disturbed soil, concrete fines, oils and other wastes. On‐site collection and settling of storm water, prohibition of equipment wash downs, and prevention of soil loss and toxic releases from the construction site are necessary to minimize water pollution.
9.4.2 Functional Phase Water conservation need to be taken including all possible potential for reuse and recycling of water. These could be in the form of the following: Rain water harvesting Recycling of treated water Minimizing water consumption Promoting reuse of water after treatment and development of closed loop systems for different water streams.
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Rain water harvesting: Roof top rain water harvesting shall be practiced. As a part of measure, Project Proponent has planned for roof top Rain water harvesting as detailed in Chapter‐2. Minimizing Water Consumption: Water consumption will be minimized by a combination of water saving devices and other domestic water conservation measures. Furthermore, to ensure ongoing water conservation, an awareness programme will be introduced. This is discussed in following section, which shall be implemented: Usage: Use of water efficient plumbing fixtures. Water efficient plumbing fixtures use less water with no marked reduction in quality and service. Leak detection and repair techniques.
Horticulture:
Drip irrigation system shall be used for the lawns and other green area. Drip irrigation can save between 15‐40% of the water use, compared with other watering techniques. Plants with similar water requirements shall be grouped on common zones to match precipitation heads and emitters. Use of low‐volume, low‐angle sprinklers for lawn areas. Select controllers with adjustable watering schedules and moisture sensors to account for seasonal variations, and calibrate them during commissioning. Selecting a drought resistant grass, and using lawn chemicals and fertilizer sparingly also reduces watering needs. Place 3 to 5 in. of mulch on planting beds to minimize evaporation. Promoting reuse of water after treatment & development of closed loop systems: To promote reuse and development of closed loop system for water, segregation of two schemes namely (i) Sewage treatment scheme (ii) Roof top rain Water harvesting has been proposed.
Harvested roof top water will be utilised for floor washing, car washing, gardening, and other domestic purposes and treated Sewage shall be recycled for flushing and gardening
It is estimated that reusing wastewater will save approximately 35 to 40% of potable water per day.
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Storm Water Management:
As discussed earlier, most of the storm water produced on site will be harvested for ground water recharge, thus proper management of this resource is must to ensure that it is free of contamination. The details of Storm water management proposed is given in chapter 2. Contamination of storm water is possible from the following sources: Diesel and oil spills in the Diesel Power Generator & fuel storage area. Waste spills in the solid waste storage area.
Oil spills and leaks in vehicle parking lots. Silt from soil erosion in gardens.
Storm Water Management Plan will be developed which will consider the above sources and will incorporate following best management practices: Regular inspection and cleaning of storm drains. Cover waste storage areas. Avoid application of pesticides and herbicides before wet season. Secondary containment and dykes in fuel/oil storage facilities. Conducting routine inspections to ensure cleanliness. Preparation of spill response plans, particularly for fuel and oil storage areas. Good housekeeping in the above areas.
9.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT 9.5.1 Construction Phase Waste generated from construction activity includes construction debris, biomass from land clearing activities, waste from the labour camp, etc. Following section discusses management for each type of waste. Besides management of topsoil is an important area for which management measures are required.
Construction Debris: Construction debris is bulky and heavy and re‐utilization and recycling is an important strategy for management of such waste. As concrete and masonry constitute the majority of waste generated, recycling of this waste by conversion to aggregate can offer benefits of reduced landfill space and reduced extraction of raw material for new construction activity. This is applicable to proposed site since the construction is to be completed in a phased manner. Recycled aggregate will be used for filler application, and as a sub‐base for road construction. Mixed debris with high gypsum, plaster, shall not
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be used as fill, as they are highly susceptible to contamination, and will be given to recyclers. Construction contractors shall remove metal scrap from structural steel, piping, concrete reinforcement and sheet metal work from the site. A significant portion of wood scrap can be reused on site. Recyclable wastes such as plastics, glass fiber insulation, roofing etc. shall be sold to recyclers.
Topsoil Management To minimize disruption of soil and for conservation of topsoil, the contractor shall take the topsoil out separately and stockpile it. After the construction activity is over, topsoil shall be utilized for landscaping activity. Other measures, which would be followed to prevent soil erosion and contamination include: Maximize use of organic fertilizer for landscaping and green belt development. To prevent soil contamination by oil/grease, leak proof containers should be used for storage and transportation of oil/grease and wash off from the oil/grease handling area shall be drained through impervious drains and treated appropriately before disposal. Removal of as little vegetation as possible during the development, and re‐vegetation of bare areas after the project. Working in a small area at a point of time (phase wise construction).
9.5.2 Functional Phase
The philosophy of solid waste management will be to encourage the four R’s of waste i.e. waste reduction, reuse, recycling, and recovery (materials & energy). This will result in lesser reliance on land filling. The Environmental Management Plan for the solid waste focuses on three major components of the waste management system i.e. collection & transportation, treatment or disposal and closure & post closure care of treatment/disposal facility.
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Collection & Transportation:
During the collection stage, the biodegradable and non‐recyclable/ non‐ biodegradable waste will be stored and collected separately. Only the non‐recyclable & non‐biodegradable waste will be sold to authorized agency. Biodegradable waste will be composted. To minimize littering and odors, waste will be stored in well‐designed containers/bins that will be located at strategic locations. The collection vehicles will be well maintained to minimize noise and emissions, and while transporting waste, these will be covered to avoid littering.
Treatment & Disposal: The segregated biodegradable waste will be composted using mechanical composting method. The finished product, i.e. the compost can be utilized in green area. The details of solid waste management proposed for project is given chapter 2.
9.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 9.6.1 Construction Phase After completion of major construction work, the green belt will be developed as there will be no or less disturbance in these areas. 9.6.2 Functional Phase In the functional phase the proposed project will not have any major impacts on the biological environment. Extensive plantation and landscaping is proposed to mitigate any impacts during this phase. Landscape Development Plan Various types of trees are proposed for plantation. Plantation will be taken up randomly and the landscaping aspects would be taken into consideration. The trees will be planted along the compound wall with adequate space between them so that their growth is not hampered. Landscape plan is shown in figure 9.1.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 87 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Figure 9.1: Landscape Plan
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 88 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
9.7 AESTHETICS Also the impacts on aesthetic environment are short term and restricted only in the initial stages of project construction. Further in the operation phase it will be compensated by tree plantation and gardens.
9.8 ENERGY CONSERVATION Energy conservation program will be implemented through measures taken both on energy demand and supply. Energy conservation will be one of the focuses during the building planning. The conservation efforts would consist of the following:
Architectural Design: Maximize the use of natural lighting through design. Energy conservation aspects such as selection of appropriate building material having adequate thermal resistance value (R value) and solar water heating systems. A solar hot water will be provided to population. Solar lights will be provided for street lighting and garden lighting. Energy Saving Practices: Purchase of energy efficient appliances. Adjusting the settings and illumination levels to ensure minimum energy used for desired comfort levels. Use of LED’s in common areas Behavioural change on consumption: Training staff on methods of energy conservation and to be vigilant to such opportunities.
Over and above the energy conservation measures proposed and % saving of energy is given in chapter 5
9.9 ENVIRONMENTALLY SIGNIFICANT FEATURES Following are some features of the project that will help in improving the overall environment related aspects in the residential complex. All rooms are designed with adequate opening to have proper natural light and ventilation. Not only this will create comfortable, healthy and pleasant indoor environment but also it will help in improving the heat loss and gain balance of the buildings. All external openings will have an apron to reduce the heat gain from the atmosphere which in turn will result in reduced electrical energy consumption and thereby enhancing cost savings. External aluminum windows with appropriate glass will be provided to control the unwanted glare of day lighting which will also result in minimizing the heat gain, thus creating cooling effect.
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Treated domestic sewage and grey water after treatment will be used for gardening and flushing purpose thus, serving the purpose of water conservation. A well planned rain water harvesting unit is proposed which will help in recharging the underground water table.
9.10 RAIN WATER HARVESTING AND REDUCE SURFACE RUNOFF Rainwater harvesting can serve as a solution to the water problem in the water crises area by capturing the runoff. Rainwater harvesting helps in utilizing the primary source of water and prevent the runoff from going into sewer or storm drains, thereby serving dual purpose: Making water available for future use and reducing the load on treatment plants. Recharging the water aquifers help in improving the quality of existing groundwater through dilution. Rainwater harvesting comprises of two components: Storing Rainwater in ground water reservoirs for beneficial use in future Rain water harvesting for artificial recharge of ground water. Amount of water that can be effectively harvested is called the harvesting potential of the site. Based on the run off coefficient, rainfall and type of catchments area, water harvesting potential of site can be calculated. The ground water recharge in the project area is not feasible as the ground water table in the project area is at 0.5 to 1 m. The roof top rain water will be diverted from terrace to the storage tank through HDPE/PVC pipes after passing through a filter media. The roof top rain water harvesting potential of the project area is around 5 KLD. 1 RWH tank will be provided with capacity of 10 KLD. The excess harvested water will be discharged in Storm water drains. The roof top rain water harvesting structure (Tanks) has been designed considering the average rainfall of 25 mm/day. However the storm water drains are designed for peak rainfall of 150 mm/hr.
9.12 SOILD WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT The garbage and waste generated would be mostly domestic in nature. The domestic waste generally consists of waste from kitchen, paper waste, wrappings used for household commodities, bottles, crockery, plastic cans, etc. This solid waste will be segregated at source as dry and wet garbage. The residents will be asked to keep two buckets having different colours as identification marks for dry and wet waste. The wet garbage such as kitchen waste will be collected in green colour bucket and dry garbage such as plastic, crockery, etc. will be collected in the black colour bucket. After collection the wet garbage which is mostly biodegradable will be treated in Biogas Biofertilizer Plant, while dry garbage will be disposed off for recycling purpose.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 90 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
The details of Solid waste generation and its management is given in Chapter 2.
9.14 EMP RESOURCES REQUIREMENT AND EMP BUDGET
The resources required for implementing the EMP and its corresponding budget is given below
During Operation Phase
Operational Potential Implementing Mitigation Measures Activities Impacts Responsibility • The use only low flow and low • Project Proponent flush – water saving plumbing • Society Chair Person & fixtures, automatic level controllers Appointed AMC Impact due to at water tanks to reduce/optimize Water the demand side of water Consumption Fresh water resource. & consumption • Treated waste water from STP will Wastewater be used for green belt & flushing. Generation This will reduce the demand for fresh water.
• Onsite Sewage Treatment Plant • Project Proponent Sewage • Environmental monitoring will be • Society Chair Person & generation & done monthly to avoid or to check Appointed AMC disposal the contamination of sewage in problems ground water or surface water • Rain water & storm water • Project Proponent Impact due to management plan will be • Society Chair Person & Water rainwater incorporated. Appointed AMC Pollution discharges • Annual Cleaning of RWH filters and SWD • Adequate Storm water drains to • Project Proponent & Flooding collect, carry, recharge/discharge Society conditions storm- water runoff . • Regular Cleaning of SWD • Project Proponent Biological • • RG Provided: 415.15 m2 Society Chair Person & Environment Appointed AMC
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 91 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Operational Potential Implementing Mitigation Measures Activities Impacts Responsibility • The Solid waste management • Project Proponent process includes primary source • Society Chair Person & segregation at apartment level, Appointed AMC building-wise collection, secondary collection in community bins and transport to the processing plant • Separate dustbins for collection of wet & dry waste will be provided. • Wet garbage (11 kg/day) will be treated in vermiculture • The recyclable material like plastic, Impacts due metals, paper etc. will be to Solid Land separated and transported by Waste pollution generation auto-trippers/ trucks for sale to recycle vendors. • Hazardous waste (used oil) will be disposed off through authorized recycler. • Dry garbage (7 kg/day) as will be segregated and disposed off to recyclers • Soil Contamination due to fuel leakage: Residents will be advised to check and repair their vehicle from time to time • Solar street lighting and Solar hot • Project Proponent water system. • Society Chair Person & • The site planning will be done such Appointed AMC Energy that none of the building blocks will Impact due to Consumption hinder light access to other Energy for building buildings Consumption utilities and • The project will use pumps, motors functions and transformers with minimum losses and as per the ECBC 2007 requirements. • Proper entry and exit points and • Project Proponent driveways for easy movement of • Society Chair Person vehicles Traffic Parking • Vehicular movement, no parking congestion areas signage's shall be installed • Adequate parking space is provided within the complex • Silent DG Sets • Project Proponent • Traffic management measures to • Society Chair Person DG set and Noise reduce noise. Traffic Pollution • Plantation along plot boundary, Creepers on Plot boundary
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 92 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Potential Mitigation Measures Accountability Impacts • Tree plantation is proposed along the periphery of the site ensuring adequate buffer and reducing heat Energy gain by the building so that the buildings will remain naturally Project Proponent Consumption for • The project design will use high energy performing building materials which would have low U value Society Chair Person & Thermal Comfort (Thermal Conductance) as compared to the conventional materials. The external wall of building would Appointed AMC of Residents use fly ash blocks, which will have mandatory SHGC as required by ECBC. • The units in the project are extensively naturally ventilated • Internal and external lighting design will be provided as required by ECBC which will have Lighting Power Energy Density as per space requirements. Society Chair Person & Consumption for • The project would provide 20% lower LPD than as specified in ECBC, to achieve energy saving, while Appointed AMC Lighting providing the require illumination levels, by using high efficacy lighting. • Solar street lights will be provided • The Transformer or the Sub Station for the project shall be adequately protected from entry, allowing only authorized personnel to enter the facility Society Chair Person & Safety hazards • All required energy protection measures such as high voltage cut-off, shock protector etc. shall be Appointed AMC installed. • Future residents and Cleaning AMC shall be encouraged to: do the following. A Manual will be created by the PP to make residents aware of these measures to be undertaken: • Choose non-toxic, biodegradable substitutes for household cleaning agents. • Avoid products with potentially harmful ingredients such as sponges with antibacterial ingredients. • Conserve water, sweep instead of wet mop when possible. Impacts due to • Use biodegradable drain clog removers made with natural enzymes. Society Chair Person & Cleaning & • Don't pour hazardous chemicals through the sink or the drain; Don't use chlorine based bleach for Appointed AMC repairing activities cleaning The regular monitoring & repairing of the equipment's such as STP, SWM, DG sets etc to avoid the sudden failure. • Cleaning of building premises, parking areas, common areas shall be done on a regular basis., taking care to see that no solid waste is carried to the storm water drains. • Green Guideline Brochure will be circulated to future residents & AMC workers.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 93 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
9.16 ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET It is necessary to include the environmental cost as a part of the budgetary cost component. It is proposed to take up protective measures like water sprinkling on road during construction, STP, rainwater harvesting, Solar hot water provision, Solid waste composting plant and green belt development. Adequate budgetary provision will be made for execution of Environmental Management Plan. The details of budget is given below: Table 9.2: EMP Costing
Capital O & M Cost Cost Component (Rs. In (Rs. In Frequency Lakhs/year) Lakhs) Continuous O & M Environment Monitoring: STP (Tertiary) 2.00 0.2 Monthly, STP outlet water quality for pH, BOD, COD, SS and O&G
Solar Hot Water 5.00 0.5 Quarterly
During rainy season Rainwater 1.00 0.1 (cleaning of UG tanks and harvesting filtration units before rainy season)
Continuous O & M Solid Waste 0.15 0.1 Environment Monitoring: Management Monthly to assess the compost quality Landscape and 3.00 0.2 tree plantation Twice a Week
As per the CPCB guidelines Environmental ‐ 2 Monitoring through MoEF approved laboratories
11.15 3.1 Total Cost
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 94 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
CHAPTER 10 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others are proposing construction of Hotel Resort At plot bearing S. No. 47/1, 47/2, 49 & 43 of village – Borli, Tal – Murud, Dist – Raigad, State – Maharashtra. The project comprising of 3 Cottages (Ground floor), Administrative Building with restaurant (G + 1 floor), Standard rooms (G + 1 floor) and Swimming pool.
Sr. Building No. of Building Details Population No. configuration Rooms 1. Cottages G +1 floor 7 28 2. Standard Rooms G +1 floor 12 24 Administrative 3. Building G +1 floor ‐ 20 (Restaurant)
4. Hotel staff ‐ 20
TOTAL 92
The project comes under the purview of CRZ notification 2011. The land falling between 500 m from HTL on the landward side. The proposed project falls under the CRZ III area as per the CRZ notification 2011.
PROJECT LOCATION The proposed Hotel Resort is planned at plot bearing S. No. 47/1, 47/2, 49 & 43 of village – Borli, Tal – Murud, Dist – Raigad, State – Maharashtra. Its Google location is 18030’47.57 N latitude and 72054’50.48 E longitude. The site is accessible by existing 13.0 m wide Alibaug‐ Murud State highway & 9.0 m wide access Road.
SALIENT FEATURES OF PROJECT SR. Details Information Unit No. Proposed construction of 1 Name of the project Hotel Resort at Borli, Raigad, Maharashtra 2 Total Plot Area 4030.00 m2 3 FSI Area 1,002.22 m2
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 95 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
4 Non FSI Area 300.00 m2 Total Construction 5 1,302.22 2 Area m 12 standard rooms, 7 6 No. of tenements cottages, Restaurant, Nos. Administrative building Total water 7 15 KLD requirement Sewage generation:9 KLD Sewage and STP 8 STP Capacity: 10 KLD details STP Technology: Phytorid ‐ Total Solid Waste 9 18 kg/d Generation Biodegradable 10 component (Vermi 11 kg/d Composting) Total Power Connected Load: 0.12 MW 11 Requirement Demand Load: 0.08 MW 12 DG Set 20 kVA 13 Energy Efficiency Total Energy Savings :23.25 % 4‐W provided : 20 Nos. 14 Parking Provision 2‐W provided:12 Nos . 15 RWH Capacity 10 KLD SWD Generation 16 (300 mm wide 458.7 m3/hr channel) Capital cost : 11.15 Rs. Lakhs 17 EMP Cost O & M Cost: 3.1 Rs. Lakhs/yr
Water Supply
The total water requirement of project will be 15 KLD. Sewage generation is 9 KLD. Water will be source from Phansad Dam through Grampanchayat. Solid Waste Management
The proposed solid waste management process includes primary source segregation at source level, secondary collection in community bins and transport to the solid waste treatment plant. Dry garbage as inert/recyclable waste such as plastics, glass, metals, rubber will be segregated and disposed off to recyclers. Wet garbage/biodegradable matter as leftover food, vegetables will be treated in Vermicomposting unit.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 96 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Power Supply
The power supply (Max Demand Load) necessary for the proposed buildings are estimated as 0.08 MW (Functional phase). The power will be made available from the MSEB. The network of power supply in this region is well established. DG set will be provided in the case of emergency of capacity 20 kVA. Socio‐economic Environment In construction phase it will create work opportunity for the local population. No negative impact is envisaged. Overall positive impact in the functional phase, as the project will create long term employment in activities such as maintenance of buildings and ancillary services.
Environment Management Plan Measures which will be adopted to reduce the magnitude of negative impacts from the proposed project during construction and functional phase are discussed below in the Environment Management Plan.
Environmental Management Plan during Construction Phase
Sr. Environmental Mitigation Measures No. Components 1. Ambient Air To avoid dust, regular sprinkling of water on road. Quality Covering jute sheet over the haul trucks sprinkling through water Tanker. Barricading to Plot Periodic maintenance of construction equipment. Barricading along the plot boundary. Use of Personal Protective Equipment Ensure that all vehicles and machinery are fitted with appropriate emission control equipment, maintained frequently DG: as per CPCB norms, proper maintenance, LSD fuel use, safe storage of fuel. 2. Noise Equipment’s will be regularly serviced. Heavy constructions activity limited to day‐time hours only PPE to workers Silencers will be fitted on construction equipment and DG sets 3 Water Avoid excavation during monsoon season, Care shall be taken to avoid soil erosion Sedimentation pits along the plot boundary to avoid the excessive soil runoff Supply of Adequate drinking water Tyre Cleaning Ground water‐hydraulic containment and Treatment
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 97 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Sr. Environmental Mitigation Measures No. Components 4. Land To minimize disruption of soil and for conservation of topsoil, topsoil will be kept aside and after the construction activity is over, topsoil shall be utilized for landscaping activity Reutilization of construction debris at site only
5 Traffic Provision of Parking space for Construction Material carrying Vehicles Sign Boards, Persons at entry ‐ exit and Parking area 6 Trees plantation Biological Environment Regulation of vehicular trips and proper maintenance of machinery. 7 Aesthetics Barricading along the plot boundary
8 Safety Measures Adequate drinking water Personal protective and safety equipment's will be provided. First aid facility for construction workers. Regular health check up Regular pest control will be done on site.
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 98 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Environmental Management Plan during functional Phase
Environmental Sr. No. Mitigation Measures Components 1. Ambient Air Periodic maintenance of DG Sets. Quality Use of CNG/LPG as alternate fuel in cars will be encouraged, Cars of Euro IV specifications will reduce emissions Proper Landscape development along plot boundary 2. Noise Construction of compound wall Growing of creepers on Compound wall Conservation of exiting trees near roadside and Plantation along Road side. Acoustic enclosure to DG Set
3. Water STP will be provided of capacity: 10 m3. Treated water will be used for gardening, flushing. Environmental monitoring will be done monthly to avoid or to check the contamination of sewage in ground water or surface water Use of water efficient plumbing fixtures Rain water harvesting through Tanks Drip irrigation and sprinklers system shall be used for the green area Storm water management through provision of adequate Sizes SWD Regular leak detection and repairing for water supply network and sewerage network Good housekeeping and storm water management will be followed. 4 Land Total waste generated from the project will be 18 kg/day. The recyclable material like plastic, metals, paper etc. will be separated and transported by auto‐trippers/ trucks for sale to recycle vendors Wet garbage will be treated in vermiculture unit Dense Tree Plantation around Solid Waste Processing Unit
5 Biological 415.15 m2 of landscape area will be developed Environment
6 Traffic Pattern Adequate parking space is provided within the the proposed project Proper entry and exits will be provided Effective traffic management will be practiced
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 99 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
CHAPTER 11 CREDENTIALS OF CONSULTANTS
NAME OF THE CONSULTANTS Mahabal Enviro Engineer Pvt. Ltd. Plot No F‐7, Road No‐21, Wagle Estate, Thane West‐400 604, Maharashtra. Telephone No: 90‐22‐2582 3154/3139/0658 Fax: 91‐22‐2582 3543 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Web site: www.mahabalenviro.com
Mahabal Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (MEEPL) incorporated on 19th Oct., 1984 is a company engaged in providing environmental consultancy services. It has a laboratory established under the Environment (Protection) Act and is located at its Head Office at F‐7, Road No. 21, Wagle Estate, Thane‐ 400604. Although the jurisdiction of the Head Office extends all over the country, it is assisted by the branches located at Nashik, Pune, Delhi, Aurangabad, Jalgaon and Nagpur (all in Maharashtra), Chhindwara in Madhya Pradesh, and Bharuch in Gujarat. The Branches do also have laboratories established either in the office or at the client’s site for analysis of general parameters in Air, Water and Waste Water samples. Mahabal Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd. is an ISO 9001‐2000 Certified Company and laboratory is accredited by: Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), Govt. of India, New Delhi. NABL IMS 18001 The firm has been engaged in the jobs of preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) & Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for more than 15 years for the purpose of obtaining clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forest. The firm has major experience in operation and maintenance of STP in Pune, Nagur, Nashik and Shimla. Some of the other Services Offered by firm are given below. Environmental Clearance From MoEF and SEIAA CRZ Clearances from MoEF Environmental Quality Monitoring Noise Mapping and Design of Noise Barriers Stack & Work place Monitoring Environmental Due Diligence study Plant Ventilation Study Consent to Operate/Establish/Renewal
Mrs. Pooja Ravindra Bhowar & Others 100 Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
Design of STP and ETP Supply of Noise Meter, Weather Stations, RDS machines etc. Legal guidance to industry
QCI NABET ACCRIDATION Accredited by NABET. (Minutes of Accreditation Committee meeting for Surveillance Assessment held on 01.10.2014)
EIA TEAM MEMBERS
QCI NABET ACCRIDATION Accredited by NABET by it’s vide letter No. QCI/NABET/ENV/ACO/16/06/0172 dated 16.06.2016
EIA TEAM MEMBERS
EIA CORDINATOR
1 Dr. D. A. Patil
FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERT 1 Dr. D. A. Patil AP (A), WP (B), MSW (B), N (B)
2 Mr. Raghunath Mahabal AP (A), Noise (A), WP (A), RH (A) 3 Mr. Pravin Latwade AQ (A), WP (B), MSW (B), RH (B)
4 Ms. Jaya Pande LU (B)
5 Pradeep Singh SE (B)
6 Sachin Gore WP (B)
FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERT 7 Priyanka Shinde WP, MSW Rapid EIA, Construction of Hotel Resort at Borli, Tal ‐ Murud, Dist ‐ Raigad
8 Rohit Bhagwat SHW, EB
9 Mrudula Laghate Team Member
10 Pradnya Bagul MSW
11 Nita Salunkhe Team Member
Associated Functional Area Expert 12 Swati Sawant WP, SHW (B)
13 Ranjit Deulkar WP, SHW (B)
14 Kunal Gajare AP, WP (B)
15 Prachi Sathe LU (B) EMPANELLED FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERT 16 Jotiram Balwant Pishte HG (A), GEO (A) 17 Bhaubali Patil SE (B) 18 Gopal Chiplunkar LU (B) 19 Ankur Kulkarni LU (B)