Dear all, InOil Research and Production Group Currently a lot of attention is paid to is a developer and producer of a unique production efficiency and the issues of product – the GreenBooster multifunc- permanent reduction and prevention of tional additive for gasoline, diesel fuel, a negative influence of human activities and fuel oil. on the environment. The developed technologies are aimed at I am confident that the use of our product enhancing energy efficiency in the indus- invented by the Russian scientists will lead try sectors that use thermal combustion to improving energy efficiency, energy sav- energy, and they allow to significantly ing, and will provide much better results reduce the environmental load of vehicles, in the area of environmental safety. railway and water transport, boilers and furnaces which burn hydrocarbon fuel. The GreenBooster series products do not change the physical and chemical proper- ties of the base fuel, instead they change its combustion process, significantly reducing the toxicity indicators of the ex- haust gases.

Respectfully yours, D.M. Iakobachvili, the President of InOil RPG Mission

We create innovative and user-friendly products that are designed to enhance production efficiency and improve the planet’s ecology.

ECO- FRIENDLY InOil Research and Production Group is a developer and patent holder of innovative technologies enhancing energy efficiency in different industry sectors that use the thermal combustion energy of hydrocarbon fuel. We believe that new approaches to using traditional energy sources can be of great benefit to humanity.

InOil Research and Production Group 15 Solyanka St., , , 109028 phone: +7 (495) 232 49 61 e-mail: [email protected] www.greenbooster.ru Technology The GreenBooster multifunctional INNOVATION additive is an innovative Russian product produced using modern technologies that significantly improves the hydrocarbon fuel combustion process.

GreenBooster product line ensures fuel consumption and exhaust gases decrease due to composition of the combinations that decrease surface tension on the air- fuel boundary. Uniformity of fuel spray in the combustion chamber and decrement of the fuel drops allow to reach more homo- geneous mixing with the oxidant in the inflammable mixture. The additive also includes aroma- nitrogen’s combinations, that concentrate on the drops’ surface and ensure efficient burning initiation. As a result, there is an increase in combustion speed and efficiency, as well as total speed, pressure and heating value in the combustion chamber. This leads to higher fuel efficiency in the different types of combustion chambers that require fuel- air mixtures. Thus, GreenBooster additive influences not only the fuel quality, but also the air-fuel mixture combustion in the combustion cham- ber due to higher efficiency of the air-drop mixtures’ formation and higher fuel evaporation rate. Higher efficiency of the combustion engine is reached through better fuel combustion in unit time. Simultaneously, there is solved a problem with the fuel not burnt down, sludge prevention, NO, CO and soot exhaust due to tempera- ture decrease in the second part of the working cycle.

Unlike the traditional additives, GreenBooster’s innovative approach is linked to higher efficien- cy of the air-drop mixtures’ formation during the fuel injection, and consequently higher evapora- tion rate and heat output speed when burning. This effect is reached through adding an insig- nificant amount (50-100 ppm) of the specially designed combination of polar substances, that can concentrate on the fuel drops’ surface and change surface tension on the drop-air boarder. GreenBooster product line is based on the combustion physicochemical and mechanics of continua research and allows motor fuel react with higher speed to oxidizer in the combustion chamber during the volumetric burning. In addi- tion, higher temperature of the working sub- stance is reached in the beginning of the cycle and lower – at the exhaust phase, in the end of the cycle. Technology EFFECT The technologies that have been developed by InOil are used in the energy industry, in various industry sectors that use thermal combustion energy, and during transportation of energy products. According to independent research, GreenBooster product characteristics significantly surpass existing global develop- ments in the area of combustion additive. When added to combustion engines fuels (gasoline, diesel fuel, and fuel oil) GreenBooster ensures a more intense fuel burning, significant increase of the heat output, maximum level of pressure growth and maximum combustion pressure in the chamber. This leads to higher efficiency of the cycle and respectively to fuel consump- tion decrease. Due to higher oxidizing of the fuel compo- nents, exhaust ignition residue decreases, combustion chamber surfaces and engine’s exit clean up and do not become dirty. NO2, benzopyrene exhaust decrease as well as CO (due to less consumption), CO and CH – due to higher oxidizing. The additive used with boiler fuels (fuel oil, coal) on steam units ensures more intense fuel combustion, decrease of air surplus for burning and increased efficiency of the boiler. Heat exchange surfaces do not get dirty due to higher volume of fuel combustion. The additive also allows to decrease viscosity of the injected fuel oil and decrease its heating temperature (from 100 to 60-70 C). Technology The improvement of the combustion process and detergent EFFICIENCY properties of the GreenBooster multifunctional additive enhance the engine’s energy efficiency, reduce carbon formation in combustion chambers, on spark plugs and nozzles, which positively affects the condition of λ-probe and additive neutralizer.

GreenBooster multifunctional additive allows to:

reduce fuel consumption reduce the level of vibrations and increase combustion and engine wear, especially under efficiency cold start conditions, increase the operating life of the engine These product properties lead to a reduction in fuel consumption, operating costs, and significant financial savings.

improve the engine’s reduce the amount operational characteristics of emissions polluting the environment Environment Our work is based on the principles of sustainable development and responsibility.

The results of tests performed by the Central Research and Development Automobile and Engine Institute NAMI and Groupe UTAC CERAM (France) on gasoline engines showed that introduction of the GreenBooster additive to fuel resulted in lower emissions of combustion products into the atmosphere: 37,8–77,8%* 18,7–77,5%* 27,6–66,2%* reduction of hydrocarbon emissions (CH) reduction of carbon monoxide emissions (CO) reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions (NO)

* the data is provided for different test modes InOil’s technology solutions enable our partners to combine profitable production and competitive business with minimal GREEN environmental impact. BOOSTER GreenBooster in a BMW 320i car Tests GreenBooster ensures efficient performance of the endurance tests demonstrated positive influence GASOLINE comprehensive neutralization system, guaranteeing of the additive on the engine reliability and oper- compliance with the EURO-5 and EURO-6 standards. ating life. The tests revealed a reduction of car- Particular efficiency was demonstrated when the car bon formation and peak loads with uniform fuel was used in the urban environment. Long-term combustion. Reduction of fuel consumption: >12,1% rural cycle, Driving test cycle SPORT mode >10,8% urban cycle, SPORT mode >11,7% rural cycle, COMFORT mode >9,3% urban cycle, COMFORT mode

7,08% engine power gain

Fuel — EURO-5 gas. Oil lubricant — Shell. P — 99.3 kPa. t at the intake — 29 °С Tests GreenBooster in a VAZ-21134 car GASOLINE

The Technical Report of the Central Research and Development Automobile and Engine Institute NAMI

The car tests in the urban cycle in Moscow demonstrated particu- “The additive ensures efficient performance of the modern compre- lar efficiency of the GreenBooster additive in intensive urban peak hensive neutralization system in the process of long-term car opera- traffic. The total mileage was 30,000 km. tion. It guarantees compliance with EURO-5, EURO-6, and environ- mental requirements of the Technical Regulations of the Customs The use of the GreenBooster additive with AI-92 motor gasoline Union TR TS 018/2011 “On Safety of Wheeled Vehicles”. had a positive effect on the growth of maximum power and maxi- mum torque and on reduction of the minimal fuel consumption of the engine. The additive demonstrated its high efficiency in improving the en- gine’s technical, economic, and environmental properties. Long-term endurance tests demonstrated an ef- fective influence of the additive on the reliability 11,5% and operating life of the car engine. increase of maximum power 5,4% increase of maximum torque

11,8% reduction in fuel consumption Tests GreenBooster in a BMW 320d car DIESEL FUEL

Driving test cycle

TESTING PROCEDURE

The test program procedure is based on the international UNECE Regulations No. 83. The tests are performed at the ambient air tempera- ture of 293–303 K (20−30 °С) and atmospheric pressure of 700-760 millimeters of mercury. If the temperature and pressure move outside the specified limits, the values are entered into the test protocol. The urban and rural cycle tests are performed by a test driver (operator) in accordance with the regulation on the driver’s test device. The diagram shows the driving test cycle. Improvement of the active phase of diesel fuel combustion process resulted in less vibration and noise of the engine. The tests of fuel with the GreenBooster additive demonstrated an increase in power and reduction of fuel costs.

Fuel consumption reduction: >17,9% >13,3% >13,1% >10,9% rural cycle, urban cycle, rural cycle, urban cycle, SPORT mode SPORT mode COMFORT mode COMFORT mode

10,77% engine power gain

Fuel — EURO-4 diesel. Oil lubricant — Shell. P — 98.2 kPa. t at the intake — 28.2 °С A deep cleaning of the fuel system and the engine’s working elements from gum, wax, varnish, and carbon deposits improved the internal technical condition, which Tests effectively reduced operation costs. DIESEL FUEL GreenBooster was particularly effective under cold start conditions and at the stage of engine warm-up in the urban operation mode. GreenBooster in a Solaris Urbino 18 Fuel consumption reduction Adding the GreenBooster additive to diesel fuel resulted in faster and more uniform combustion, which significantly enhanced the engine efficiency and reduced >10,9% fuel consumption in different heavy traffic driving modes. >11,8% urban cycle 25–46% reduction of soot emissions

The tests were performed according to the GOST 20306-90 standard

Атмосферное давление — 91 кПа. Температура воздуха на впуске не ниже 3 С°. Относительная влажность воздуха — 95% Atmospheric pressure – 91 kPa. Air temperature at the intake was not lower than 3 °С. Relative air humidity was 95 % Atmospheric pressure — 99.3 kPa. Air temperature at the intake — 30 °С. Relative air humidity — 80 % GreenBooster The testing of GreenBooster in a РТ 646 motor ship was accompanied by a general reduction of engine temperature, noise and vibration during operation. The engine started more easily. on a РТ 646 motor ship Test results – reduction of load and wear of the rubbing pairs and cylinder-piston group, cleaning of the fuel system, reduction of fuel consumption from 110 kg/h to 81.5 kg/h. Improvement in the active phase of the fuel combustion process resulted in a significant increase in engine efficiency.

Fuel consumption reduction >5% decrease of boat engine temperature >26% fuel savings

Atmospheric pressure – 91 kPa. Air temperature at the intake was not lower than 3 °С. Relative air humidity was 95 % Atmospheric pressure — 99.3 kPa. Air temperature at the intake — 30 °С. Relative air humidity — 80 % Tests

Comparative testbed trial of the diesel YMZ-6566 engine with GreenBooster-D (diesel) multifunctional additive with 1 ml and 1.5 ml per 20 liters of the fuel (compared with basic fuel) demonstrated the following results: 1 ml GreenBooster-D per 20 liters of the fuel 1,5 ml GreenBooster-D per 20 liters of the fuel

REDUCE FUEL CONSUMPTION 6,0% 5,0% Trials of the diesel engine with GreenBooster-D showed fuel consumption decrease (ge) on external velocity performance 6% and 5% correspondingly with no power decrease.

BEST FUEL CONSUMPTION DECREASE ON 7.9% DECREASE ON 8.7% DECREASE on low engine speed on medium and high engine speed

SMOKINESS DECREASE DECREASE ON 22,3% DECREASE ON 33,7% engine’s performance in ESC cycle in accordance with UN Rule 49 with GreenBooster-D (diesel) multifunctional additive.

During engine trials the improvement of fuel burning process has been recorded and as a consequence, the improvement of its indicator, i.e. power parameters and the reduction of smokiness. The reduction of fuel consumption rate was 6 – 11% and of smokiness 30-60% without deterioration of power qualities. The trials results showed that GreenBooster-D added ensures increase of indiсated efficiency of the engine and fuel combustion temperature. Technical Report of the Central Research and Development Automobile and Engine Institute NAMI – 2016

“Long-term 300-hours motor trials showed efficient influence of Green- Booster additive to growth of maximum power, maximum torque and decrease of fuel consumption by the engine”.

Within the resource tests there was revealed a positive influence of the additive to reliability and resource of the automobile engines. Fuel with GreenBooster additive fully corresponds to the ecological norms of TC 018/2011 “On safety of the wheeled vehicles”.

11,5% 5,4% 11,8% increase increase fuel consumption of maximum power of maximum torque decrease Technical Report of the Central Research and Development Automobile and Engine Institute NAMI — 2017

Developed by InOil Research and Production Group, LLC Green- Booster-D additive has shown high efficiency in improvement of power, economy and ecology qualities of YMZ-6566 diesel engine during usage in content of commercial diesel fuel. During engine trials the improvement of fuel burning process has been recorded and as a consequence, the improvement of its indi- 30–60% cator, i.e. power parameters and the reduction of smokiness. The decrease of smokiness reduction of fuel consumption rate was 6–11% and of smokiness without deterioration 30-60% without deterioration of power qualities. of power qualities Analysis of detergent properties of diesel fuel in mixture with fuel additive, GreenBooster-D addition in Concentrations I and II (1 ml/20L and 1,5 ml/20L of fuel) in the results of burners bench runnings has found out the insignificant trend to lowering of cycle supply of fuel, which is within TU tolerance range.

The conducted research allows to make the following recommenda- tions. During engine trials with addition The first concentration of the addition (1ml to 20L of diesel fuel)is considerable to be used on light-loaded diesel engines, as during no visible deteriorations on operation in cities they work mainly on light loads and rotation surfaces or joints of pistons and frequencies of the bent shaft. The second concentration of the addition (1,5 ml to 20L of diesel cylinder barrels have been found fuel) is considerable to be used on highly-loaded (truck) diesel engines, due to the fact that they often work on high (and medium) in fuels with additions in both loads and rotation frequencies. Proportionally to the values of fuel saving percent mentioned in the previous clause, CO emissions — the concentrations. main greenhouse gas — are lowering. Technical Report of the Central Research Technical Report of the JSC «ALL-RUSSIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR OIL PROCESSING» and Development Automobile and Engine Institute NAMI — 2017 JSC «VNII NP» — 2017

Commercial motor gasolines containing the additive in its composition GreenBooster-B at a concentration of 50 ppm comply with requirements of the Technical Regula- tions of the Customs Union, «On requirements to motor and Mass of the deposits aviation gasoline, diesel and marine fuel, jet fuel and fuel oil» on the inlet valves after (CU TR 013/2011) applicable to fuels of relevant ecological the trials with Green- grade. Booster-B decreased Addition of GreenBooster-B in 0,005 % of vol. (50 ppm of more than vol.) into commercial gasolines does not take their physical and chemical quality parameters outside the requirements of normative documents (GOST 32513-201, GOST R 51105-97, >5% GOST R 51866-2002, Technical Regulations of the Customs Union CU TR 013/2011)

Commercial motor gasolines containing the GreenBooster-B addi- tive at a concentration of 50 ppm have a lower inclination towards carbon formation in engine compared with gasolines without addi- tive.

GreenBooster-B additive After the trials with GreenBooster-B added to gasoline the quantity of deposits on plungers, combustion chamber surface, valves and at a concentration of 50 ppm has no plugs decreased. effect on corrosivity of commercial motor Addition of 50 ppm GreenBooster-B into motor gasolines leads to gasolines and does not worsen its low- improved power and economic performance of the engine in com- parison with the work on gasoline without additive while reducing temperature properties. the emission of harmful substances in engine exhaust. The use of the additive allowed to The use of GreenBooster allowed to in- Tests reduce the consumption of fuel tensify the metal smelting process and oil for combustion while simul- reduce specific fuel consumption per FUEL OIL taneously reducing the smelting product unit. The use of the additive did time by 6 %. not affect the quality of the produced steel. GreenBooster at the Guryevsk Metallurgical Plant “The use of the GreenBooster fuel additive for a year enabled us to reduce fuel oil consumption by more than 2 thousand tons. We’ve burnt less fuel, and this means that we’ve reduced harmful emissions into the atmosphere GreenBooster was particularly effective in as well.” metal smelting in an open-hearth furnace. Leonid Sergeev, The use of the additive allowed to increase Managing Director at the Guryevsk Metallurgical Plant the flame temperature at the center of the bath up to 2,000°С, while simultaneously lessening the thermal stress on the furnace’s structural parts. Currently the Guryevsk Metallurgical Plant is continuing to use the GreenBooster additive in the furnaces of the bar stock mill. CO, CH, and ash discharges into the environment were reduced.

9,4% reduction of specific consumption of fuel oil during smelting

Sulfur content — 0.91 %. Heat carrier working pressure at the outlet — 0.7 MPa. GreenBooster The accompanying deep cleaning of the thermal exchange surfaces increases the heat transfer factor, and gradual cleaning of internal at boiler surfaces of reservoirs and pipes, as well as easier fuel flow, lead to an additional reduction of operating costs. plants Harmful air emissions are decreased significantly. The use of GreenBooster in fuel oil and furnace fuels significantly increases the completeness and intensity of >15% 20–30% combustion. Reduction Reduction of the amount

of nitrogen oxide of СО and SO2 (NO) content 5–9,5% reduction of fuel oil consumption depending on the boiler operation mode Economy The estimated economic effect from using GreenBooster at an automobile company that operates LiAZ-529222 . Environmental class: EURO-5. DIESEL FUEL KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS DIESEL FUEL WITH GREENBOOSTER*

FUEL CONSUMPTION PER 100 KM 48 L 43.2 L

FUEL PRICE, RUB. 32.73 32.73

VARIABLE OPERATING FUEL COSTS, RUB. (AT ANNUAL AVERAGE MILEAGE OF 80,000 KM) 1 256 832 1 131 148

ESTIMATED FUEL SAVINGS PER VEHICLE WITH THE USE GREENBOOSTER DURING OPERATION, RUB. 125 684

ESTIMATED ECONOMIC EFFECT FROM OPERATION OF A BUS FLEET, 6 284 200 50 VEHICLES, for A YEAR, RUB.

* With the use of GreenBooster, not including the cost of the additive. Sources: The Federal State Statistics Service of Russia, the Moscow Department of Transporta- tion, an analysis by Gazprom Neft PJSC, and analytical research. Production

The composition and production technology of GreenBooster are protected by patent RU No. 2 471 858 C2.

Cutting-edge equipment is used in the production process of the GreenBooster additive. A measurement standards laboratory, an ISO 9001 system implemented at the enterprise, and highly skilled personnel allow to control all production stages, ensuring high quality of the GreenBooster additive. The production facilities are located in Biysk, Altai Krai. At the moment, preparations are underway to deploy production facilities in the Central Region of Russia. Certification

The GreenBooster additive meets the strictest Russian and international quality and safety standards.

In 2017 GreenBooster was registered by EPA (Environmental Protection Agency, USA) – agency of the Federal Government of USA, focused on protecting human health and the environment. The high-tech production process at InOil, trained and skilled personnel, as well as the quality management system introduced at the enterprise, ensure high standards of the innovative Russian product. This makes its application in different industry sectors not only efficient, but absolutely safe both technically and environmentally. Conclusions EXPERTS

“It is the only additive that we tested that produced a real positive effect”

Adding the complex GreenBooster additive to fuel significantly improves almost all key performance indicators of a car engine — fuel efficiency, toxicity, and dynamic characteristics. Moreover, the additive possesses pronounced cleaning properties, which has a positive effect on the spark plugs and catalyst neutralizer. In view of the high efficiency of the GreenBooster multi-functional fuel additive, its unique characteristics and low consumption when added to gasoline, it can be confidently recommended for practical use.

Sergey Dragomirov, Doctor of Engineering, Professor of the Department of Thermal Engines and Power Installations of Vladimir State University Named After Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs Conclusions EXPERTS

“The GreenBooster additive affects the fuel combustion process, increases the indicated efficiency of internal combustion engines, and improves their technical, economic, and environ- mental indicators”

Tests of the additive in gasoline engines under UNECE Regulations No. 83 demonstrated a decrease of fuel combustion products in the engine's operating process. The test revealed a decrease of carbon oxide emissions to 18.7 %, hydrocarbons — to 37.8 %, while simultaneously improving the conversion of nitrogen oxides to 27.6 %. Fuel consumption in the driving cycle fell by 12 %. The motor and road tests confirmed improved indicators of GreenBooster's effect on engine reliability and operating life. Vladimir Kamenev, Doctor of Engineering, Professor. The Leading Expert of the Central Research and Development Automobile and Engine Institute NAMI. The Russian Expert in Environment and Energy at the Committee of the European Economic Commission in Geneva Conclusions EXPERTS

Eduard Karakhanov, Anton Maksimov, Doctor of Chemistry, Professor Professor Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Head of department of Oil Chemistry and Organic Chemistry faculty, department of Oil Chemistry and Organic catalysis. catalysis of the Chemistry (Moscow State University Deputy Director Science and head of the laboratory of hydrocarbon named after M.V. Lomonosov) chemistry of the A.V.Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Honored Scientist of Russian Federation the part of Russian Academy of Sciences “GreenBooster additive contributes to higher efficiency of hydrocarbon­ fuels for different types of combustion engines. Their usage to a significant degree defines opportunities of transport infrastructure development and the degree of its influence on environment. Additive use allows not only to decrease fuel consumption, but also to decrease polluting emissions of exhaust gases in the atmosphere. Decrease of fuel consumption leads to less deposits in the engine and, consequently, to growth in engine’s endurance”