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Historically Jeffco Magazine 2010

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Historically Jeffco Magazine 2010 0 1 0 2 , 1 3 e u s s I , 3 2 e m u l o V HIST ORICALLY JEFFCO Delivering People, Goods, and Mail in the Mountains of Jefferson County, Page 5 Contents Original Jefferson County 2 HIISS TT by Richard J. Gardner H Delivering People, Goods, and Mail in 5 the Mountains of Jefferson County by Pat Jurgens, First Place Short Essay Spivak, Colorado— 10 Historical Haven for Health by Lia Woodall, First Place Long Essay Living Legacies of 15 Jeffco’s Historic Schools by Stephen Knapp and Carole Lomond Hall of Fame 22 100th Anniversary of 24 the Leyden Mine Disaster by Richard J. Gardner Westminster—The Beginning 30 by Bob Briggs Jefferson County Landmarks 38 by Rita Peterson and Deborah Andrews Message from the 40 Historical Commission JCHC News & Members 44 JCHC Publications Committee Chair, Erlene Hulsey-Lutz Editor of Historically Jeffco , Kathryn Ordway Published by Jefferson County Historical Commission (JCHC) Volume 23, Issue 31 2010 ISSN 1532-6047 Cover Photo: Photograph of the Morrison Creamery and milk delivery wagon (story on page 5) Photograph copyright Horton Collection/Morrison Historical Society courtesy of the Jefferson County Historical Society Design & Layout FinePrintCo, LLC, Denver, CO ORIORICCAALLLLYY JJEEFFFFCCOO Delivering people, goods, and Photograph copyright mail in the mountains of Horton Collection/Morrison Historical Society courtesy Jefferson County (story on of the Jefferson County page 5) Colorado & Southern Historical Society Railroad, circa 1905, Morrison, CO. -1- Original Jefferson County By Richard J. Gardner or many years the official seal of Jefferson County Fhas borne the date of 1861. Through that time, eighty- seven commissioners have presided over the County and its borders have stretched along the Front Range. However not so well known is the history of the area before this time, a place without any commissioners, and with a vast territory that stretched clear to Henderson. This was Jefferson County as it originally existed, a provisional government of the gold rush, which has now passed its 150th milestone. Although many things have changed since those long ago days, in many ways the area has not changed all that much. During the gold rush in the late 1850s, thousands came to this region and created new towns, businesses, churches, industries, and more. Soon many citizens wanted the federal government to recognize the area. As things stood, its people were answering to far-off governments in Kansas and elsewhere. The federal government did not grant the area autonomy, and citizens took it upon themselves to create an extralegal, yet freely elected, provisional government, called Jefferson Territory. They elected a legislative body and made Robert Williamson Steele Governor; and on called Jefferson: commencing at a point on Map of the November 28, 1859, they passed the creation of the 40th parallel of north latitude where it original Jefferson County borders, the eleven counties of Jefferson Territory. The is crossed by the main channel of the south as defined by the Rocky Mountain News printed the law’s text that fork of the Platte River; thence up the Jefferson set into motion the county we know today: main channel of said stream to the mouth Territorial legislature. Be it further enacted, that the of Clear Creek; thence up the main Courtesy of the territory comprised within the following channel of Clear Creek to the mouth of Gardner Family Collection limits be erected into a County, to be Ralston's Creek; thence in a straight line to -2- the point where the main channel of George West, elected Jefferson Montana Creek joins the south fork of County Clerk on the Platte; thence up said river to the October 22, 1860. mouth of the canon at the base of the Photo courtesy History of Clear Creek and mountains; thence west eight miles; Boulder Valleys, 1880 thence north to where said line would intersect the south line of Jackson County; thence east to the south-east corner of said Jackson County; thence north to the 40th parallel; thence east to the place of beginning. Montana Creek is today known as Bear Creek. Once called Grand Camp Creek, it was renamed Montana in 1858 after Colorado’s first gold rush town, Montana City, was built opposite its mouth on the Platte. The original Jefferson County included a great deal of today’s Jefferson County including Golden, Wheat Ridge, Arvada, and Lakewood. It also Jefferson County then had no County encompassed the areas of what are now Federal Commissioners. It was a rather different Heights, Thornton, Northglenn, and Sheridan. government with less executive and legislating It excluded Coal Creek Canyon, Rocky Flats, authority and greater emphasis on the powers of and the southernmost parts of the modern law enforcement, judiciary, and safeguarding county. There is evidence that as a matter of property. Its elected officials were a County Judge, practice the early government’s jurisdiction two Associate Justices, Sheriff, Recorder, Clerk extended to more or less the current western County Court, Assessor, Treasurer, and County borders, such as when residents of what Attorney. This first election filled these offices and became the Evergreen/Conifer area organized provisionally determined the location of the county as the Junction District on August 11, 1860, seat. The election results were reported by the and recorded the district in Jefferson County. Western Mountaineer The new town of Illian, founded in January newspaper: 1860 and renamed Pleasant Park in February, County Judge – was also part of de facto Jefferson County as J.T. McWhirt part of the Bergen’s Ranch precinct, which Associate Justice – voted in elections. Theodore Perry Boyd Original Jefferson County's principal Associate Justice – communities included Arapahoe City, its first Asa Smith town just east of North Table Mountain; Sheriff – Golden City, its most populous place; Golden Walter Pollard Gate City and Mt. Vernon, at the entrances to Recorder – their canyons; Bergen’s Ranch, up in the Eli C. Carter mountains; and Henderson’s Island, a ranch on Clerk County Court – an island in the Platte at its eastern tip. On Harry Gunnell November 7, 1859, Governor Steele, himself a Assessor – resident of Mt. Vernon, appointed Walter Daniel L. McCleery Pollard of Golden City as Sheriff, the first Treasurer – Mark Leonardo Blunt, the second County office-holder. In December, Steele also John F. Kirby Jefferson County appointed J.T. McWhirt of Golden City as County Attorney – Recorder, elected President Judge. Both officials were in place J.F. Rhodes October 22, 1860. This was published in late in 1859, subject to the first county County Seat – the Rocky Mountain election which took place on January 2, 1860. Golden City News in the 1940s. -3- The people time The Mountaineer reported on the election. had almost J.R. Gilbert was in the lead, 203 to 188 over voted the E.W. McIlhany, with the results from straight Henderson’s Island in question, the judges not Miners’ having yet decided whether to admit its Ticket with unanimous seventy-three votes for McIlhany. the exception The judges decided in favor, and Henderson of Treasurer, swung the election to McIlhany. where the Early in 1861, the Bergen, Mt. Vernon, and ticket favored Junction precincts (today's Bergen Park, Mt. George B. Vernon Canyon, and Conifer areas) decided to Allen. secede from Jeffco in protest against the However, government by forming their own extralegal from the Ni-Wot County. This led to major conflict, Eli Carter, the election returns it appears Allen had dropped out with Steele and Mt. Vernon residents loyal to first Jefferson of the race as his name did not appear. Golden Jefferson Territory. However, the day after the County Recorder, elected City, with more people than the rest of Jefferson conflict was publicized in the Rocky Mountain January 2, 1860. County combined, easily won county seat over News it all became quite literally yesterday's Courtesy of the Gold - Arapahoe City by a vote of 401 to 288. Twenty- news as on February 28, 1861, the United en City Lodge #1, A.F. & A.M. two Goldenites voted for Baden, a paper town States Congress officially created Colorado site, out of protest against following an extralegal Territory. Later that year Steele handed over the government. Arapahoe City, Golden Gate City, reins to the new Colorado Territorial Governor and Mt. Vernon voted for Arapahoe City while William Gilpin, and Jefferson County was Golden City, Bergen’s Ranch, and Henderson’s officially reorganized on November 6, 1861. Ranch voted for Golden City. Six months later Now legally and formally in existence, Jefferson on July 2, 1860, Golden City was confirmed as County had new borders much like today with the permanent county seat, which it has the exception of the Henderson area, which remained for 150 years. became a part of Adams County. Jefferson In the second regular election on October 22, County now had County Commissioners in 1860, McWhirt was again elected County Judge, charge, including Boyd who returned to the with an Arapahoe founder, George B. Allen, and government as commissioner in 1861. Golden a Golden Gate founder, H.J. Hawley, as Associate was affirmed as county seat, but could be Justices. Golden City founders Mark Leonardo changed in the future if a majority of the Blunt and George West were elected Recorder county citizens voted to do so. Jefferson and County Clerk, respectively. The race for County still has its original office, the Jefferson Sheriff, however, was still up on the air at the County Sheriff standing watch, now one of the oldest elective offices in Colorado. Thus Jefferson County was launched and has stood for 150 years. Sources Colorado Transcript , 8/4/1904.
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