PYRAMID MOUNTAIN "MY FOREST SERVICE DAYS" by Austin Post "My Lookout Experience Mostly Took Place Before Part of the Trail Into Fine Shape
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
1961 Climbers Outing in the Icefield Range of the St
the Mountaineer 1962 Entered as second-class matter, April 8, 1922, at Post Office in Seattle, Wash., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Published monthly and semi-monthly during March and December by THE MOUNTAINEERS, P. 0. Box 122, Seattle 11, Wash. Clubroom is at 523 Pike Street in Seattle. Subscription price is $3.00 per year. The Mountaineers To explore and study the mountains, forests, and watercourses of the Northwest; To gather into permanent form the history and traditions of this region; To preserve by the encouragement of protective legislation or otherwise the natural beauty of Northwest America; To make expeditions into these regions in fulfillment of the above purposes; To encourage a spirit of good fellowship among all lovers of outdoor Zif e. EDITORIAL STAFF Nancy Miller, Editor, Marjorie Wilson, Betty Manning, Winifred Coleman The Mountaineers OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES Robert N. Latz, President Peggy Lawton, Secretary Arthur Bratsberg, Vice-President Edward H. Murray, Treasurer A. L. Crittenden Frank Fickeisen Peggy Lawton John Klos William Marzolf Nancy Miller Morris Moen Roy A. Snider Ira Spring Leon Uziel E. A. Robinson (Ex-Officio) James Geniesse (Everett) J. D. Cockrell (Tacoma) James Pennington (Jr. Representative) OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES : TACOMA BRANCH Nels Bjarke, Chairman Wilma Shannon, Treasurer Harry Connor, Vice Chairman Miles Johnson John Freeman (Ex-Officio) (Jr. Representative) Jack Gallagher James Henriot Edith Goodman George Munday Helen Sohlberg, Secretary OFFICERS: EVERETT BRANCH Jim Geniesse, Chairman Dorothy Philipp, Secretary Ralph Mackey, Treasurer COPYRIGHT 1962 BY THE MOUNTAINEERS The Mountaineer Climbing Code· A climbing party of three is the minimum, unless adequate support is available who have knowledge that the climb is in progress. -
A Data Set of Worldwide Glacier Length Fluctuations
Portland State University PDXScholar Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations Geology 2014 A Data Set of Worldwide Glacier Length Fluctuations Paul W. Leclercq Utrecht University Johannes Oerlemans Utrecht University Hassan J. Basagic Portland State University, [email protected] Christina Bushueva Russian Academy of Sciences A. J. Cook Russian Academy of Sciences See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/geology_fac Part of the Geology Commons, and the Glaciology Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Citation Details Leclercq, P. W., Oerlemans, J., Basagic, H. J., Bushueva, I., Cook, A. J., and Le Bris, R.: A data set of worldwide glacier length fluctuations, The Cryosphere, 8, 659-672, doi:10.5194/tc-8-659-2014, 2014. This Article is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Authors Paul W. Leclercq, Johannes Oerlemans, Hassan J. Basagic, Christina Bushueva, A. J. Cook, and Raymond Le Bris This article is available at PDXScholar: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/geology_fac/50 The Cryosphere, 8, 659–672, 2014 Open Access www.the-cryosphere.net/8/659/2014/ doi:10.5194/tc-8-659-2014 The Cryosphere © Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License. A data set of worldwide glacier length fluctuations P. W. Leclercq1,*, J. Oerlemans1, H. J. Basagic2, I. Bushueva3, A. J. Cook4, and R. Le Bris5 1Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, Utrecht, the Netherlands 2Department of Geology, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207, USA 3Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 4Department of Geography, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK 5Department of Geography, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland *now at: Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. -
10Th Annual Northern Research Day
Circumpolar Students’ Association 10th Annual Northern Research Day Monday, 19 April 2010 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. 3-36 Tory Building Featuring the Documentary Film Arctic Cliffhangers Show Time: 12:30 Followed by a Keynote with Filmakers: Steve Smith and Julia Szucs 1 NORTHERN RESEARCH DAY – SCHEDULE OF SPEAKERS TIME AUTHORS/SPEAKERS TITLE 9:00 Justin F. Beckers, Christian Changes in Satellite Radar Backscatter and the Haas, Benjamin A. Lange, Seasonal Evolution of Snow and Sea Ice Properties on Thomas Busche Miquelon Lake, a Small Saline Lake in Alberta 9:15 Benjamin A. Lange, Christian Sea ice Thickness Measurements Between Canada and Haas, Justin Becker and Stefan the North Pole: Overview and Results from Three Hendricks Campaigns in 2009 (CASIMBO-09, Polar-5 & CATs) 9:30 Hannah Milne, Martin Sharp Recording the Sight and Sound of Iceberg Calving Events on the Belcher Glacier, Devon Island, Nunavut 9:45 Gabrielle Gascon, Martin Sensitivity of Ice-atmosphere Interactions Since the Sharp and Andrew Bush Last Glacial Maximum 10:00 Brad Danielson and Martin Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variations in Ice Flow of a Sharp High Arctic Tidewater Glacier 10:15 Xianmin Hu, Paul G. Myers Numerical Simulation of the Arctic Ocean Freshwater and Qiang Wang Outflow 10:30 Coffee 10:45 Qiang Wang, Paul G. Myers, Numerical Simulation of the Circulation and Sea-Ice Xianmin Hu and Abdrew B.G. in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago Bush 11:00 Porter, L.L. and Rolf D. Impacts of Atmospheric Nitrogen and Phosphorous Vinebrooke. Deposition on the Alpine Ponds of Banff National Park: Effects on the Benthic Communities 11:15 Stephen Mayor The Changing Nature: Human Impacts on Boreal Biodiversity 11:30 Louise Chavarie, Kimberly Diversity of Lake Trout, Salvelinus namaycush, in Howland, and W. -
Alaska Range
Alaska Range Introduction The heavily glacierized Alaska Range consists of a number of adjacent and discrete mountain ranges that extend in an arc more than 750 km long (figs. 1, 381). From east to west, named ranges include the Nutzotin, Mentas- ta, Amphitheater, Clearwater, Tokosha, Kichatna, Teocalli, Tordrillo, Terra Cotta, and Revelation Mountains. This arcuate mountain massif spans the area from the White River, just east of the Canadian Border, to Merrill Pass on the western side of Cook Inlet southwest of Anchorage. Many of the indi- Figure 381.—Index map of vidual ranges support glaciers. The total glacier area of the Alaska Range is the Alaska Range showing 2 approximately 13,900 km (Post and Meier, 1980, p. 45). Its several thousand the glacierized areas. Index glaciers range in size from tiny unnamed cirque glaciers with areas of less map modified from Field than 1 km2 to very large valley glaciers with lengths up to 76 km (Denton (1975a). Figure 382.—Enlargement of NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) image mosaic of the Alaska Range in summer 1995. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration image mosaic from Mike Fleming, Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, Alaska. The numbers 1–5 indicate the seg- ments of the Alaska Range discussed in the text. K406 SATELLITE IMAGE ATLAS OF GLACIERS OF THE WORLD and Field, 1975a, p. 575) and areas of greater than 500 km2. Alaska Range glaciers extend in elevation from above 6,000 m, near the summit of Mount McKinley, to slightly more than 100 m above sea level at Capps and Triumvi- rate Glaciers in the southwestern part of the range. -
An Assessment of Water Temperatures of the Entiat River, Washington Using the Stream Network Temperature Model (SNTEMP)
An Assessment of Water Temperatures of the Entiat River, Washington Using the Stream Network Temperature Model (SNTEMP) By Ross Hendrick and John Monahan, Washington State Department of Ecology Through the Water Quality Sub-Committee For the Entiat WRIA Planning Unit (EWPU) September, 2003 Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................2 Introduction............................................................................................3 Methods...................................................................................................4 Study Area................................................................................................................................... 4 Model Selection........................................................................................................................... 5 Model Development .................................................................................................................... 5 The Skeleton File......................................................................................................................... 6 Water Temperature ..................................................................................................................... 7 Meteorology ................................................................................................................................ 8 Hydrology ................................................................................................................................ -
ENTIAT RIVER RESTORATION DESIGN: Upper Stillwaters Reach CONCEPT LEVEL DESIGN
8.5x11 for PDF ENTIAT RIVER RESTORATION DESIGN: Upper Stillwaters Reach CONCEPT LEVEL DESIGN May 2018 ENTIAT RIVER RESTORATION DESIGN - UPPER STILLWATERS REACH CONCEPT LEVEL DESIGN Prepared for YAKAMA NATION FISHERIES PO Box 15, Fort Road Toppenish, WA 98948 Prepared by Tetra Tech 19803 North Creek Parkway Bothell, WA 98011 May 2018 Entiat River Restoration Design – Upper Stillwaters Reach Table of Contents 1. Preface .................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Name and titles of sponsor, firms and individuals responsible for design .......................................... 1 1.2 List of project elements that have been designed by a licensed professional engineer ..................... 3 1.3 Identification and description of risk to infrastructure or existing resources ....................................... 3 1.4 Explanation and background on fisheries use (by life stage - period) and limiting factors addressed by project .................................................................................................................................................. 3 1.4.1 Project Background ................................................................................................................... 3 1.4.2 Fish Use and Limiting Factors ................................................................................................... 4 1.5 List of primary project features including constructed or natural -
Forecasting Temperate Alpine Glacier Survival from Accumulation Zone Observations
The Cryosphere, 4, 67–75, 2010 www.the-cryosphere.net/4/67/2010/ The Cryosphere © Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Forecasting temperate alpine glacier survival from accumulation zone observations M. S. Pelto Environmental Sciences, Nichols College, Dudley, MA 01571, USA Received: 16 April 2009 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 19 May 2009 Revised: 18 December 2009 – Accepted: 19 January 2010 – Published: 29 January 2010 Abstract. Temperate alpine glacier survival is dependent on change (WGMS, 2008). The worldwide retreat of moun- the consistent presence of an accumulation zone. Frequent tain glaciers is one of the clearest signals of ongoing climate low accumulation area ratio values, below 30%, indicate the change (Haeberli and Hoelzel, 1995; Oerlemans, 1994). The lack of a consistent accumulation zone, which leads to sub- retreat is a reflection of strongly negative mass balances over stantial thinning of the glacier in the accumulation zone. This the last 30 years (WGMS, 2007). In some cases the negative thinning is often evident from substantial marginal recession, balances have led to the loss of a glacier (Pelto, 2006; Knoll emergence of new rock outcrops and surface elevation de- and Kerschner, 2009). cline in the accumulation zone. In the North Cascades 9 of Terminus change observations identify the response of the the 12 examined glaciers exhibit characteristics of substantial glacier to recent climate changes; however, terminus change accumulation zone thinning; marginal recession or emergent does not identify the ability of a glacier to survive. A glacier bedrock areas in the accumulation zone. The longitudinal can retreat rapidly and still reestablish equilibrium. -
Thurston Island
RESEARCH ARTICLE Thurston Island (West Antarctica) Between Gondwana 10.1029/2018TC005150 Subduction and Continental Separation: A Multistage Key Points: • First apatite fission track and apatite Evolution Revealed by Apatite Thermochronology ‐ ‐ (U Th Sm)/He data of Thurston Maximilian Zundel1 , Cornelia Spiegel1, André Mehling1, Frank Lisker1 , Island constrain thermal evolution 2 3 3 since the Late Paleozoic Claus‐Dieter Hillenbrand , Patrick Monien , and Andreas Klügel • Basin development occurred on 1 2 Thurston Island during the Jurassic Department of Geosciences, Geodynamics of Polar Regions, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany, British Antarctic and Early Cretaceous Survey, Cambridge, UK, 3Department of Geosciences, Petrology of the Ocean Crust, University of Bremen, Bremen, • ‐ Early to mid Cretaceous Germany convergence on Thurston Island was replaced at ~95 Ma by extension and continental breakup Abstract The first low‐temperature thermochronological data from Thurston Island, West Antarctica, ‐ fi Supporting Information: provide insights into the poorly constrained thermotectonic evolution of the paleo Paci c margin of • Supporting Information S1 Gondwana since the Late Paleozoic. Here we present the first apatite fission track and apatite (U‐Th‐Sm)/He data from Carboniferous to mid‐Cretaceous (meta‐) igneous rocks from the Thurston Island area. Thermal history modeling of apatite fission track dates of 145–92 Ma and apatite (U‐Th‐Sm)/He dates of 112–71 Correspondence to: Ma, in combination with kinematic indicators, geological -
A G~Ographic Dictionary of Washington
' ' ., • I ,•,, ... I II•''• -. .. ' . '' . ... .; - . .II. • ~ ~ ,..,..\f •• ... • - WASHINGTON GEOLOGICAL SURVEY HENRY LANDES, State Geologist BULLETIN No. 17 A G~ographic Dictionary of Washington By HENRY LANDES OLYMPIA FRAN K M, LAMBORN ~PUBLIC PRINTER 1917 BOARD OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Governor ERNEST LISTER, Chairman. Lieutenant Governor Louis F. HART. State Treasurer W.W. SHERMAN, Secretary. President HENRY SuzzALLO. President ERNEST 0. HOLLAND. HENRY LANDES, State Geologist. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. Go,:ernor Ernest Lister, Chairman, and Members of the Board of Geological Survey: GENTLEMEN : I have the honor to submit herewith a report entitled "A Geographic Dictionary of Washington," with the recommendation that it be printed as Bulletin No. 17 of the Sun-ey reports. Very respectfully, HENRY LAKDES, State Geologist. University Station, Seattle, December 1, 1917. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page CHAPTER I. GENERAL INFORMATION............................. 7 I Location and Area................................... .. ... .. 7 Topography ... .... : . 8 Olympic Mountains . 8 Willapa Hills . • . 9 Puget Sound Basin. 10 Cascade Mountains . 11 Okanogan Highlands ................................ : ....' . 13 Columbia Plateau . 13 Blue Mountains ..................................... , . 15 Selkirk Mountains ......... : . : ... : .. : . 15 Clhnate . 16 Temperature ......... .' . .. 16 Rainfall . 19 United States Weather Bureau Stations....................... 38 Drainage . 38 Stream Gaging Stations. 42 Gradient of Columbia River. 44 Summary of Discharge -
GEOLOGIC MAP of the CHELAN 30-MINUTE by 60-MINUTE QUADRANGLE, WASHINGTON by R
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR TO ACCOMPANY MAP I-1661 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE CHELAN 30-MINUTE BY 60-MINUTE QUADRANGLE, WASHINGTON By R. W. Tabor, V. A. Frizzell, Jr., J. T. Whetten, R. B. Waitt, D. A. Swanson, G. R. Byerly, D. B. Booth, M. J. Hetherington, and R. E. Zartman INTRODUCTION Bedrock of the Chelan 1:100,000 quadrangle displays a long and varied geologic history (fig. 1). Pioneer geologic work in the quadrangle began with Bailey Willis (1887, 1903) and I. C. Russell (1893, 1900). A. C. Waters (1930, 1932, 1938) made the first definitive geologic studies in the area (fig. 2). He mapped and described the metamorphic rocks and the lavas of the Columbia River Basalt Group in the vicinity of Chelan as well as the arkoses within the Chiwaukum graben (fig. 1). B. M. Page (1939a, b) detailed much of the structure and petrology of the metamorphic and igneous rocks in the Chiwaukum Mountains, further described the arkoses, and, for the first time, defined the alpine glacial stages in the area. C. L. Willis (1950, 1953) was the first to recognize the Chiwaukum graben, one of the more significant structural features of the region. The pre-Tertiary schists and gneisses are continuous with rocks to the north included in the Skagit Metamorphic Suite of Misch (1966, p. 102-103). Peter Misch and his students established a framework of North Cascade metamorphic geology which underlies much of our construct, especially in the western part of the quadrangle. Our work began in 1975 and was essentially completed in 1980. -
Wenatchee National Forest Water Temperature TMDL Technical Report
Wenatchee National Forest Water Temperature Total Maximum Daily Load Technical Report November 2003 Publication Number 03-10-063 Wenatchee National Forest Water Temperature Total Maximum Daily Load Technical Report Prepared by: Anthony J. Whiley Washington State Department of Ecology Water Quality Program Bruce Cleland Technical Advisor America’s Clean Water Foundation November 2003 Publication Number 03-10-063 For additional copies of this publication, please contact: Department of Ecology Publications Distributions Office Address: PO Box 47600, Olympia WA 98504-7600 E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (360) 407-7472 Refer to Publication Number 03-10-063 If you need this document in an alternate format, please call us at (360) 407-6404. The TTY number (for speech and hearing impaired) is 711 or 1-800-833-6388 Table of Contents List of Figures............................................................................................... ii List of Figures............................................................................................... ii List of Tables............................................................................................... iii Executive Summary .....................................................................................1 Introduction ..................................................................................................3 Background..................................................................................................9 Statement of Problem ................................................................................15 -
Glacier Fluctuations Globaltemperatureandsea-Levelchange
GLACIER FLUCTUATIONS GLOBAL TEMPERATURE AND SEA-LEVEL CHANGE Paul Willem Leclercq Beoordelingscommissie: Prof. dr. M.R. van den Broeke Prof. dr. W. Haeberli Prof. dr. B.J.J.M. van den Hurk Prof. dr. C. Schneider ISBN: 978-90-393-5717-0 printing: Ipskamp Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU) Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Science Universiteit Utrecht Financial support was provided by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research NWO through research grant 816.01.016. Cover: false colour Landsat image of Sukkertoppen, West Greenland. Courtesy of USGS. GLACIER FLUCTUATIONS GLOBAL TEMPERATURE AND SEA-LEVEL CHANGE GLETSJER FLUCTUATIES, MONDIALE TEMPERATUUR EN ZEESPIEGEL VERANDERING (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof. dr. G.J. van der Zwaan, ingevolge het besluit van het college voor promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op woensdag 8 februari 2012 des middags te 12.45 uur door Paul Willem Leclercq geboren op 17 juli 1979 te Tilburg Promotor: Prof. dr. J. Oerlemans Contents Summary iii 1 Introduction and conclusions 1 1.1 Reconstructing climate of the past . .2 1.2 Glaciers . .4 1.3 Observed glacier length fluctuations . 16 1.4 Climate reconstructions from glacier length fluctuations . 19 1.5 Glacier contribution to sea-level rise . 23 1.6 Climate versus mass balance – the influence of adjustment of the glacier geometry . 26 1.7 Main conclusions . 28 1.8 Discussion and outlook . 28 2 A data set of world-wide glacier length fluctuations 31 2.1 Introduction .