DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter Fifteen the Communist Party After January 1919

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter Fifteen the Communist Party After January 1919 Chapter Fifteen The Communist Party After January 1919 The crushing of the January 1919 uprising dealt a severe blow to the KPD(S). In the following months, its members were engaged on every front, in the front ranks of every struggle, without coordination or centralisation. Despite the fact that the KPD(S) had been proclaimed, the working class did not yet have a revolutionary party, but only scattered fragments, which the leadership elected in January did not succeed in unifying. Paul Levi The Zentrale was re-constituted in the early days of March. Paul Levi, who succeeded the great victims of January, was relatively new in the movement, but there was no opposition to him, at any rate for the moment. He was the son of a banker in Hechingen, and, at the age of 36, was of a generation younger than the founders of the Spartacus League. Before the war, he had been a lawyer in Frankfurt, joined the SPD, and been elected as a municipal councillor. But he became an activist only after he had met Rosa Luxemburg in September 1913 and had undertaken her defence in the trial which followed her Bockenheim speech.1 She introduced him to the small circle of 1 Beradt, op. cit., pp. 12–15. 300 • Chapter Fifteen revolutionaries who repudiated the union sacrée. After being called up for military service, he was one of the first correspondents of the group which was formed on the evening of 4 August 1914, and he was very harshly treated in the army.2 Still in uniform, he was to be one of the twelve delegates at the conference held on 5 March 1915 in Pieck’s apartment in Berlin.3 At the end of 1916, having been discharged from the army, he went to Switzerland, where the welcome he received from the émigré internationalist circles showed that he was regarded as an important figure in the German revolutionary movement. He expressed a lively hostility not merely to the social-chauvinists, but also to the centrists, which drew him to the attention of the Bolsheviks.4 Lenin in his correspondence deplored certain of his tendencies which were later to be called ultra-leftist,5 and was to write, years later, after Levi had broken from the Communist movement: ‘I made Levi’s acquaintance through Radek in Switzerland in 1915 or 1916. At that time, Levi was already a Bolshevik.’6 It was indeed Radek who introduced him to Lenin and Zinoviev. In December 1916, with Guilbeaux and Sokolnikov, he was one of the founders of the International Socialist Group which was to publish the significantly-named journal La Nouvelle Internationale [The New International].7 He took the pseudonym ‘Paul Hartstein’, and under that name, on Zinoviev’s invitation, on 1 February, he joined the bureau of the Zimmerwald Left at the conference in Olten.8 He was a valuable contact as much for Radek, that outlaw of the German workers’ movement, as for Lenin, who was always seeking a way into Germany. Levi proved himself an ally of the Bolsheviks in the discussions of 1917, because he called in the columns of Arbeiterpolitik for a break with the centrists.9 He signed the manifesto of the internationalists when Lenin left Switzerland to return to Russia, and he then returned to Germany, where he became one of the editors of the Spartacus Letters, and a leader of the Spartacus League. 2 He was stationed with a territorial unit in the Vosges, and underwent a long hunger-strike against the ‘disciplinary’ conditions in his unit. 3 Bartel, op. cit., p. 222. 4 Guilbeaux, op. cit., p. 106. 5 V.I. Lenin, ‘To Inessa Armand’, Collected Works, Volume 35, op. cit., p. 265. 6 V.I. Lenin, ‘A Letter to the German Communists’, Collected Works, Volume 32, op. cit., p. 516. 7 Guilbeaux, op. cit., p. 108; Gankin and Fisher, The Bolsheviks and the World War, Stanford, 1960, p. 565. The first issue included an editorial by Loriot, ‘Towards the Third International’ (La Nouvelle Internationale, no. 1, 1 May 1917). 8 Guilbeaux, op. cit., p. 127; on his presence, see the statement by Münzenberg, cited in Gankin and Fisher, op. cit., p. 538. 9 See Chapter 5..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • January, 1919) Colby College
    Colby College Digital Commons @ Colby The oC lbiana College Archives: Colbiana Collection 1-1919 The olC biana vol. 7 no. 1 (January, 1919) Colby College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.colby.edu/thecolbiana Part of the Higher Education Commons Recommended Citation Colby College, "The oC lbiana vol. 7 no. 1 (January, 1919)" (1919). The Colbiana. 21. https://digitalcommons.colby.edu/thecolbiana/21 This Journal is brought to you for free and open access by the College Archives: Colbiana Collection at Digital Commons @ Colby. It has been accepted for inclusion in The oC lbiana by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Colby. For more information, please contact [email protected]. / ? 'C The Colbiana January Number 1919 C^A , , - K A . "%'■ ’ V * -V * V * \ x v ':>• ’XX V C ; ’ ■ . fcV- ':■<;■ Vv/' '$ ^ r? , ■ : : * '■ '$ • '&-'£■ £ v **■ :-v, / | h,-'. s , ■ - .x. , ■ . f ; 3V -' ! 4 + ' > v :' - - x f . r v x v • .v J**?: .X-.CJ:.-- ■-' X ■ •. .. ‘ -jX. ’:, : •■. V x :x x x i x x .• '■■■ - - -.-‘v... ■ ■ x rf 'Vjfci ;v x - ' ‘ X . ■'x ‘ - -. I! • Table of Contents. The Spirit of France, Madge Tooker.................................... German Philosophy and the Present War. Belie Longley. The Home Stretch, Merle Davis............................................ Broke, Catherine Tuttle......................................................... Geefie Gofie, An Elderly Spinster.......................................... Tinta, Doris Gower................................................................. 7
    [Show full text]
  • The Spartacus Revolt January 1919
    The Spartacus Revolt January 1919 The war was over, Kaiser Wilhelm had fled and revolutionaries were roaming the streets. The people of Germany now had to decide what kind of Republic the new Germany would be. Would Germany become a peaceful law-abiding democracy like Britain, with power shared between the upper, middle and working classes? Or would a violent revolution sweep away the past and create a communist country completely dominated by the workers? What were the options? The Social Democrats, led by Ebert, wanted Germany to become a law-abiding parliamentary democracy like Britain, where every German - rich or poor - would be entitled to a say in how the country was run, by voting in elections for a parliament (Reichstag) which would make the laws. The Spartacus League - (Spartacists aka communists) - on the other hand wanted Germany to become a communist country run by, and for, the workers; they wanted power and wealth to be taken away from the old ruling elite in a violent revolution and for Germany to then be run by Workers Councils - or Soviets. The Spartacists wanted a new kind of political system - communism, a system where the country would be run for and on behalf of the workers, with all wealth and power being removed from the previous rulers. Ebert of the SPD Spartacus League Freecorps Soldier . 1 After the Kaiser had gone… With revolutionary workers and armed ex-soldiers on the loose all over Germany, Ebert and the Social Democrats were scared. He wanted to make sure that the people of Germany understood what the Social Democrats would give them if they were in charge of Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Fitzgerald in the Late 1910S: War and Women Richard M
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Duquesne University: Digital Commons Duquesne University Duquesne Scholarship Collection Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2009 Fitzgerald in the Late 1910s: War and Women Richard M. Clark Follow this and additional works at: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd Recommended Citation Clark, R. (2009). Fitzgerald in the Late 1910s: War and Women (Doctoral dissertation, Duquesne University). Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/416 This Immediate Access is brought to you for free and open access by Duquesne Scholarship Collection. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Duquesne Scholarship Collection. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FITZGERALD IN THE LATE 1910s: WAR AND WOMEN A Dissertation Submitted to the McAnulty College and Graduate School Duquesne University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Richard M. Clark August 2009 Copyright by Richard M. Clark 2009 FITZGERALD IN THE LATE 1910s: WAR AND WOMEN By Richard M. Clark Approved July 21, 2009 ________________________________ ________________________________ Linda Kinnahan, Ph.D. Greg Barnhisel, Ph.D. Professor of English Assistant Professor of English (Dissertation Director) (2nd Reader) ________________________________ ________________________________ Frederick Newberry, Ph.D. Magali Cornier Michael, Ph.D. Professor of English Professor of English (1st Reader) (Chair, Department of English) ________________________________ Christopher M. Duncan, Ph.D. Dean, McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts iii ABSTRACT FITZGERALD IN THE LATE 1910s: WAR AND WOMEN By Richard M. Clark August 2009 Dissertation supervised by Professor Linda Kinnahan This dissertation analyzes historical and cultural factors that influenced F.
    [Show full text]
  • German Communists
    = ~•••••••••• B•••••••~•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• a• •= :• COMING PUBLICATIONS: •= =• / ~ • .= "ABOUT BELGIUM" by Camille Huysrnans. ; "THE FLAMING BORDER" by Czeslaw Poznanski. "GERMAN CONSERVATIVES" by Curt Geyer. "THE ROAD TO MUNICH" by Dr. Jan Opocenski. "THE WOLF AS A NEIGHBOUR" by M. van Blankenstein. NEW SERIES: THE FUTURE OF EUROPE AND THE WO~LD "GERMANY AT PEACE" by Walter Loeb. "FRENCH SECURITY AND GERMANY" . by Edmond Vermeil. "PROGRESS TO WORLD PEACE" by K. F. Bieligk. - HUTCHINSON & CO. (Publishers), LTD. ••••m•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••2. "FIGHT FOR FREEDOM" Editorial Board LUIS ARAQUISTAIN CAM!LLE HUYSMANS JOSEF BELINA PROFESSOR A. PRAGIER JOHN BROWN M. SLUYSER CURT GEYER RENNIE SMITH W . W. HENDERSON MARY E. SUTHERLAND,7 j.P. GERMAN COMMUNISTS by ./ SPARTAKUS Foreword by ALFRED M. WALL Translated from the German by. E. Fitzgerald TO THE MEMORY OF ROSA LUXEMBURG KARL LIEBKNECHT PAUL- LEVI - SPARTAKUS has lived in Germany all. his life andIeft shortly after Hitler came.,.10 power. ' From his youth he has worked in the German Labour Movements-Socialist and Communist. He was one of the early "Spartakists" in the last war and he is still . today . a devoted fighter against German aggression and 'nationalism from whatever source it may spring. CONTENTS PAGE . FOREWORD 4 PART l THE SPARTACUS LEAGUE 1914-1918 7 PART II THE COMMUNIST PARTY 1919-1933 22 THE PARTY AND THE VERSAILLES TREATY 22 THE KAPP "PUTSCH" 28 THE UNITED COMMUNIST PARTY OF GERMANY 30 THE W..ARCH ACTION . 34 THE NATIONALISTIC LINE . ..... .. ' 36 THE RAPALLO TREATY' 38 THE OCCUPATION OF THE RUHR 39 SCHLAGETER 42 CORRUPTION 45 THE UNSUCCESSFUL RISING OF 1923 46 THE DECLINE OF THE GERMAN COMMUNIST PARTY 48 GERMAN MILITARY EXPENDITURE 53 "THE HORNY-HANDED SON OF TOIL".
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of the 1918-1919 Influenza Epidemic on Virginia Stephanie Forrest Barker
    University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Master's Theses Student Research 2002 The impact of the 1918-1919 influenza epidemic on Virginia Stephanie Forrest Barker Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/masters-theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Barker, Stephanie Forrest, "The impact of the 1918-1919 influenza epidemic on Virginia" (2002). Master's Theses. Paper 1169. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Impact of the 1918-1919 Influenza Epidemic on Virginia By Stephanie Forrest Barker Master of Arts in History, University of Richmond, 2002 R. Barry Westin, Thesis Director In the fall of 1918 an unparalleled influenza pandemic spread throughout the world. More than a quarter of Americans became ill, and at least 600,000 died. For many Virginians, this was a time of acute crisis that only could be compared to the days of the Civil War. This thesis describes Spanish influenza's impact on Virginia, primarily focusing on the cities of Newport News, Richmond, and Roanoke. It details influenza's emergence in Virginia and explores how state and city officials dealt with this unprecedented epidemic. This study examines how the epidemic disrupted daily routines of life and overwhelmed the state's medical community. This thesis briefly discusses the effect that the segregation of races had on the spread of influenza and the role that women played in battling the epidemic.
    [Show full text]
  • Paul Levi – Biographische Und Andere Gedanken Zu Seinem Weg in Und Zwischen Den Parteien Der Deutschen Arbeite Rbewegung
    Manfred Weißbecker Paul Levi – Biographische und andere Gedanken zu seinem Weg in und zwischen den Parteien der deutschen Arbeiterbewegung JENAER FORUM FÜR BILDUNG UND WISSENSCHAFT e.V. Jena 1993 Schriften des Jenaer Forums für Bildung und Wissenschaft e.V. Geringfügig überarbeitete Fassung eines Vortrages, gehalten am 29. Juni 1993 auf einer Veranstaltung des Jenaer Forums für Bildung und Wissenschaft e.V. Redaktionskollegium: Ludwig Elm, Gisela Kahl, Michael Wegner, Manfred Weißbecker Druck und Bindearbeiten: Hausdruckerei der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Jena 1993 Manfred Weißbecker Paul Levi – Biographische und andere Gedanken zu seinem Weg in und zwischen den Partei- en der deutschen Arbeiterbewegung1 „Blitz und Donner, was liegt itzt daran! Reue oder nit, gezwungen oder nit. Wisst Ihr denn, was Ihr getan habt? Den besten Handel, die edelste Sache … eine Sache, die Gott einmal in Eure Hand gab und vielleicht nimmer – in Euren Händen ist sie gewest wie ein Kleinod im Saustall.“ Diesen zornigen Ausruf legte Gerhart Hauptmann vor 100 Jahren seinem Florian Geyer in den Mund, jenem fränkischen Ritter, der die Sache der aufständischen Bauern zu seiner eigenen gemacht hatte und schließlich deren Niederlage von 1515 auch in der Anwen- dung falscher, die „Sache“ schädigender Mittel und in den radikalen Irrwegen einer der Kämpfenden sah. So erklärt sich wohl auch der Untertitel des Dramas: „Florian Geyer. Die Tragödie des Bauernkrieges“. Als Paul Levi am 3. und 4. April des Jahres 1921 – unmittelbar nach der Niederschlagung der sogenannten mitteldeutschen Märzkämpfe – seine Sicht auf die fehlerhafte Politik des von einigen „Offensivtheoretikern“ herbeigeführten Aufstandes zu Papier brachte, verwendete er das Zitat als Motto. Des Dichters Worte zieren also das Titelblatt einer sofort und seitdem heftig umstritten Broschüre: „Unser Weg.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hour They Became Human: the Experience of the Working Class In
    THE HOUR THEY BECAME HUMAN THE EXPERIENCE OF THE WORKING CLASS IN THE GERMAN REVOLUTION OF NOVEMBER 1918 Nick Goodell University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of History Undergraduate Thesis, 2018 The Experience of the Working Class in the German Revolution of November 1918 1 Acknowledgements This project was completed under the supervision of Professor Mark D. Steinberg at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Without his constant devotion, input, and belief in my capability to complete it, this project would simply not exist. For all the untold number of hours of his time through advising both in and outside the office, I owe him a lifetime of thanks. He is one of the many people without whom I would not be the historian I am today. To history department at UIUC, I also owe much for this project. The many professors there I have been lucky enough to either study under or encounter in other ways have had nothing but encouraging words for me and have strengthened my love for history as a field of study. Without the generous grant I was given by the department, I would not have been able to travel to Berlin to obtain the sources that made this project possible. In particular, thanks is owed to Marc Hertzman, director of undergraduate studies, for his direction of the project (and the direction of other undergraduate theses) and his constant willingness to be of assistance to me in any capacity. I also owe great thanks to Professor Diane Koenker, who formerly taught at UIUC, for fostering my early interests in history as a profession and shaping much of my theoretical and methodological considerations of the history of the working class.
    [Show full text]
  • “Pandemic 1918” Study Guide Questions
    “Pandemic 1918” Study Guide Questions “Pandemic 1918!” is an article about the experiences of King County residents during the influenza pandemic of 1918-1919. The virus, nicknamed the Spanish Flu, arrived just as the First World War was ending. It is thought to have infected over 500 million people worldwide. This activity is designed for readers in 7th grade and above. Questions can be used for discussion or as writing prompts. You can find the original article from December 2014 on Renton History Museum’s Newsletters Page. 1. Today’s scientists and historians are not sure where the Spanish Flu originated, but it is unlikely that it actually began in Spain. Why was the epidemic called the Spanish Flu? 2. How did health officials in the state of Washington prepare for the arrival of the Spanish Flu? 3. Jessie Tulloch observed firsthand how Seattle adapted to the flu. How did everyday life in Seattle change? 4. On November 11, 1918, the Allied Powers and Germany signed a treaty that officially brought World War I to a close. This day was called Armistice Day, and in modern times it is celebrated as Veteran’s Day in the United States. Why was the first Armistice Day a concern for public health officials? 1 5. According to health officials at the time, the best place for treating the Spanish Flu was at home. Patients were treated in their homes with the aid of family members and traveling nurses and doctors. However, some of the infected individuals had to go to Renton Hospital for treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • Download (Pdf)
    FEDERAL RESERVE BULLETIN ISSUED BY THE FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD AT WASHINGTON JANUARY, 1919 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1919 Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD. EX OFPICIO MEMBERS. W. P. G. HARDING, Governor. CARTER GLASS, ALBERT STRAUSS, Vice Governor. Secretary of the Treasury, Chairman. ADOLPH C. MILLER. JOHN SKELTON WILLIAMS, CHARLES S. HAMLIN. Comptroller of the Currency. J. A. BRODERICK, Secretary, M. C. ELLIOTT, General Counsel. L. 0. ADELSON Assistant Secretaries. H. PARKER WILLIS, W. T. CHAPMAN Director, Division of Analysis and Research. W. M. IMLAY, Fiscal Agent. F. I. KENT, M. JACOBSON, Statistician. Director, Division of Foreign Exchange. II Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis SUBSCRIPTION PRICE OF BULLETIN. The Federal Reserve Bulletin is distributed without charge to member banks of the system and to the officers and directors of Federal Reserve Banks. In sending the Bulletin to others the Board feels that a subscription should be required. It has accordingly fixed a subscription price of $2 per annum. Single copies will be sold at 20 cents. Foreign postage should be added when it will be required. Remittances should be made to the Federal Reserve Board. Member banks desiring to have the Bulletin supplied to their officers and directors may have it sent to not less than ten names at a subscription price of $1 per annum. No complete sets of the Bulletin for 1915, 1916, or 1917 are available. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis TABLE OF CONTENTS.
    [Show full text]
  • The Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) and Its Aftermath
    The Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) and Its Aftermath The Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) and Its Aftermath: Settlements, Problems and Perceptions Edited by Sorin Arhire and Tudor Roşu The Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) and Its Aftermath: Settlements, Problems and Perceptions Edited by Sorin Arhire and Tudor Roşu This book first published 2020 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2020 by Sorin Arhire, Tudor Roşu and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-4224-6 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-4224-2 Cover Image: Sturdza Palace (photo taken around 1930) which was the headquarters of the Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1919-1920. Source: Diplomatic Archives of Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Bucharest. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................ 1 Sorin ARHIRE and Tudor ROȘU Chapter One ............................................................................................... 3 The Romanian Americans and the Paris Peace Conference: The Trianon Treaty (4 June 1920) Constantin I. STAN and Mădălina OPREA Chapter
    [Show full text]
  • Unabgegoltenes. Politikverständnis Bei Paul Levi
    330 UTOPIE kreativ, H. 150 (April 2003), S. 330-342 JÖRN SCHÜTRUMPF Unabgegoltenes. Politikverständnis bei Paul Levi Lenins unverhoffte Abneigung gegen Polemik »Genauso helfen wir jetzt unnötigerweise auch Paul Levi, machen unnötigerweise Reklame durch unsere Polemik gegen ihn. Er will ja nichts anderes, als daß wir mit ihm diskutieren. […] Paul Levi möchte den Streit verlängern. Es wäre der größte strategische Fehler, diesen Wunsch zu erfüllen. Ich würde den deutschen Genossen raten, die Po- lemik gegen Levi und sein Blättchen in der Tagespresse der Partei zu verbieten.«1 Ausgerechnet Lenin, einer der ausdauerndsten Polemiker, den die sozialdemokratische Bewegung an der Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert hervorbrachte, jemand, dessen über vierzig Bände zählendes Werk ohne die Polemiken einen sehr überschaubaren Um- fang hätte, einer, der nicht eher Ruhe gab, bis seine Kontrahenten ent- weder bedingungslos kapitulierten oder ihm aber einen, und sei es Jörn Schütrumpf – Jg. 1956, auch nur scheinbaren, Ansatz boten, sie als Verräter zu entlarven und Historiker, Mitglied der mit einer kleinen Auswahl Schmähungen aus seinem an Verbalinju- Redaktion UTOPIE kreativ, rien so reichen Sprachschatz moralisch zu vernichten – ausgerechtet leitet die Öffentlichkeits- der polemisierte gegen Polemik, ja »riet« zu ihrem Verbot? arbeit an der Rosa-Luxem- burg-Stiftung Unmittelbar nach dem Ausschluß Paul Levis aus der KPD hatte sich Lenin noch vor den Verfemten gestellt: Ich muß »den deutschen Ge- nossen erklären, warum ich Paul Levi auf dem III. Kongreß so lange verteidigt habe. Erstens, weil ich Levi durch Radek in der Schweiz im Jahre 1915 oder 1916 kennengelernt habe. Levi war damals schon Bol- 1 W. I. Lenin: Brief an die schewik.
    [Show full text]
  • 2366 Supplement to the London Gazette, 15 February, 1919
    .2366 SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 15 FEBRUARY, 1919. Lit. John-McLean, M.C., 42nd Bn., Aust. Inf. Capt. (A./Maj.) William Swinton, M.-C., -Maj. William .Robert Wadsworth, M.C., 14th . A/112th Bete.., R.F'.A. Bn., Aust. Inf-y. (M.C. gazetted 1st January, 1918.) . .(1st Bar gazetted 24th (September, 1918.) T./2nd Lt. Harry Gordon Teverson, M.C., NEW ZEALAND FORCE. M.M., Suff. R., attd. 2nd Bn. .Capt. Patrick Augustine Ardagh, M.C., N.Z. (M.C. gazetted 24th September, 1918.) • Med. Co., attd. 1st Bn.-; Auck. R. (1st Bar gazetted llth January, 1919.) Lt. (A.'/Capt.) Edmund Walker, M.C., I/1st Bn., Camb. R. AWARDED A SECOND BAB TO THE (M.C. gazetted 18th October, 1917.) MILITARY CROSS. (let Bar gazetted 26th November, 1917.) -T./Capt. George Oliver Fairtclough Alley, M.C., M.B., R.A.M.C., attd. -2nd Bn., R. Ir. R&gt. CANADIAN FORCE. (M.C. gazetted 4th June, 1917.) Capt. William. Cameron Ross, M:C., 72nd Bn., (l&t Bar gazetted 16th September, 1918.) Can. Infy., Brit. Col. R. .(M.C. gazetted 17th April, 1917.) '.T./2nd Lt. Walter George Bailey, M.C., attd. (1st Bar gazetted 1st February, 1919.) 2nd Bn., Suff. R. (M.C. gazetted 26th July, 1918.) Lt. (A./Oapt.) James Ward, M.C., D.C.M., (1st Bar gazetted 2nd December, 1918.) Can. Fid. Arty., attd. 4th Can. Diyl. T.M. By. ".T./2nd Lt. Frederick William Cook, M.C., (M.'C. gazetted Isit January, 1918.) D.C.M., <Suff. R., attd. 2nd Bn. (1st Bar gazetted 2nd December, 1918.) (M.C.
    [Show full text]