December 8, 19·7 5 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39165 Amends the Congressional Bud.get Act to re the decedent's interest in a family farming son-Moss Warranty-Federal Trade Commis quire tha.t the first concurrent resolution on operation. sion Improvement Act to require warrantors the budget shall set a. Um.it on total budget Revises the corporate normal tax rates, of new motor vehicles to a.now consumers to outlays with respect to the surplus or defi increases the investment tax credit, and in elect either refunds for, or replacements cit that is appropriate in light of economic creases the curporate surtax exemption. without charge of, new motor vehicles con conditions, a.s well as the recommended level Requires that a taxpayer's basis in prop taining a defect or malfunction which ls not of Federal revenues, and the appropriate level erty be varied by changes in the Consumer remedied within 60 days after such motor of the public debt for ea.ch of the three fol Price Index. vehicles a.re made available to the warrantor lowing fiscal yea.rs. Establishes certain standards for employee or after a. reasonable number of attempts by H.R. 10578.-November 5, 1975. Wa.ys and stock ownership plan financing. the warrantor to remedy such defect or Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code to H.R. 10584.-November 5, 1975. Judiciary. malfunctions. allow a deduction to individuals who rent Declares a. certain individual lawfully ad H.R. 10592.-November 6, 1975. Banking, their principal residences for a. portion of mitted to the United States for permanent Currency a.nd Housing. Amends the Real Es the real property taxes pa.id or accrued by residence, under the Immigration and Na tate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974 (1) their landlords. tionality Act. to redefine "Federally related mortgage H.R. 10579.-November 5, 1975. Interstate H.R. 10585.-November 6, 1975. Ways and loan"; (2) to repeal requirements for ad and Foreign Commerce. Amends the Nwtu Means. Increases, temporarily, the debt lim vance disclosure of settlement costs, and ra.l Gas Act to direct the Federal Power Com itation on the Second Liberty Bond Act, by disclesure of previous selling price; and (3) mission to exempt certain transactions in $195,000,000,000. alter regulations for uniform settlement volving new natural gas from regulation. Di H.R. 10586.-November 6, 1975. Merchant statements. rects the Commission to establish a. ceiling Marine and Fisheries. Directs the Secretary Amends such Act with respect to (1) in price on new natural gas produced from off of the Interior to regulate the trapping and formation booklets prepared by the Secretary shore Federal lands to remain in effect capture of mammals and birds on Federal of Housing a.nd Urban Development; a.nd through December 31, 1980. lands. Establishes an advisory commission (2) regulation of borrower escrow accounts. Directs the Commission to prohibit the to recommend to the Secretary acceptable Permits the Secretary to exempt lenders use of natural gas as boiler fuel where ade methods for trapping and capture of mam for such loans from compliance with State quate alternatives exist. Authorizes the Com mals and birds. settlement laws, under such Act. mission to require production of natural gas Prohibits use of unacceptable traps in in H.R. 10593.-November 6, 1975. Public at the maximum efficient ra.te during nwtura.l terstate or foreign commerce. Prescribes Works and Transportation. Sets forth regula gas supply emergencies. regulations to prohibit the interstate ship tions for estimates and charges for the trans H.R. 10580.-November 5, 1975. Interior a.nd ment of hide, skin, feathers, or resulting portation of household goods by a common Insular Affairs. Amends the Mineral Lea.s products of the use of unacceptable traps. carrier by motor vehicle, under the Interstate ing Act of 1920 to direct the Secretary of H.R. 1'0587.-November 6, 1975. Judiciary. Commerce Act. the Interior to establish a. comprehensive ex Requires executive agencies, under the Ad H.R. 10594.-November 6, 1975. Interna ploratory program for coal deposits. ministrative Procedure Act, to calculate and tional Relations. Authorizes appropriations Regulates surface coal mining operations publish in the Federal Register the projected under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 a.nd through a permit program administered by total cost and the projected total benefits the Foreign M11ita.ry Sales Act. Revises the the.Secretary of the Interior. Requires appli which would result from the adoption of a Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 with respect cants to meet minimum environmental pro rule. to ( 1) the stockpiling of defense articles for tection standards. Allows States to establish H.R. 10588.-November 6, 1975. Ways and foreign countries; (2) international military surface mining control programs at lea.st as Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code education and training; and (3) Indochina stringerut as minimum Federal standards. to exclude certain refiners of crude oil, who, Assistance. directly or through a related person, sell oil H.R. 10595.-November 6, 1975. Judiciary. Authorizes financial assistance to State or natural gas through a retail outlet oper mining and mineral research institutes. Es Establishes a program of grants to States ated by the taxpayer or a related person, for the payment of compensation to persons tablishes a special fund for the reclamation from the partial depletion allowance. injured by certain violent criminal acts. of abandoned mine sites. H.R. 10589.-November 6, 1975. Interstate Establishes the Violent Crimes Compensation H.R. 10581.-November 5, 1975. Merchant and Foreign Commerce. Authorizes and di Commission to carry out the purposes of this Marine and Fisheries. Authorizes the Gover rects the Secretary of Health, Education, Act. nor of the Cana.I Zone to regulate the and Welfare, acting pursuant to the Public H.R. 10596.-November 6, 1975. Armed purchase, possession, consumption, use, Health Service Act, to make grants to des Services. Requires the Chief of Naval Oper transportation, manufacture, sale, and im• ignated State agencies to meet part of th.e ations, and the Chiefs of Staff of the Army portation of alcoholic beverages in the Canal costs involved in planning, establishing, and Air Force to keep the Secretaries of their Zone. maintaining, coordinating, and evaluating respective services fully and currently in Requires the Governor to establish alco programs for comprehensive services for formed on all matters considered an d matters holism prevention, treatment, and rehabillta· school-age girls, their infants and children. acted upon by the Joint Chiefs of Staff. tion programs in the Canal Zone. Specifies the requirements for State plans H.R. 10597 .-November 6, 1975. Veterans' H .R. 10582.-November 5, 1975. Interna to qualify for Federal aid under this Act. Affairs. Specifies that recipients of veterans' tional Relations. Declares that no debt owed H.R. 10590.-November 6, 1975. Education pension a.nd compensation will not have the to the United States by any foreign country and Labor. Amends the Higher Education amount of such pension or compensation may be settled in an amount less than the Act of 1965 to generally revise ( 1) the pro reduced because of increases in monthly full value of the debt except by concurrent grams of Federal, State, and private low social security benefits. resolution of the Congress. lnterest insured loans to students in insti H.R. 10598.-November 6, 1975. Judiciary. H.R. 10583.-November 5, 1975. Ways and tutions of higher education; and (2) the Amends the Speedy Trial Act of 1974 to Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code program of direct loans to students in insti stipulate that certain members of plan ning tutions of higher education. groups and pretrial services agencies shall to allow a. limited credit for qualified savings Transfers the duty of administering the not be deemed to be officers or employees and investments, a n d excludes from gross in loan insurance program from the Commis of the United States. come certain capital gains. sioner of Education to the Secretary of the H.R. 10599.-Noverbem 6, 1975. Veterans' Removes the undue hardship requirement Treasury. Affairs. Directs the Secretary of the Army to for granting an estate tax extension. Allows H.R. 10591.-November 6, 1975. Interstate establish one or more national cemeteries a limited deduction from a gross estate for a.nd Foreign Commerce. Amends the Ma.gnu- in Arizona.
EXT'E.NSIONS OF REMARKS DOMESTIC WINES well-known California wines, are finally To WATER OR NOT TO WATER-THAT Is THE beginning to come into their own in the QUESTION international wine market. Oan a. superior wine come from grape vines HON. ALPHONZO BELL that have been irrigated? In part, this is due to some of the ad OF CALIFORNIA "The answer you'll get varies by the vanced techniques being used by U.S. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES amount of summer rainfall normal to the viticulturalists. One such innovaitive given production area," said viticulturist Monday, December 8, 197 5 procedure now being used on a trial basis Rudy Neja of Monterey County's Extension in California is vineyard irrigation. Service. Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, many of us "Generally, Europeans shudder at the idea have known for a long time that our A recent bulletin published by the of irriga.ting grape vines. They considered it domestic, U.S. wines are of a quality Council of California Growers describes a. 'plus' to put 'non-irrlga.ted' on a. bottle of to riva 1 the best imported vintages. this project. wine. But apparently they're unwilling to Some of them, such as several of the The text of that article follows: classify their natural summer rains as, a t 39166 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 least 'celestial irrigation'," Neja told the For a number of years, many of us U.S. PRESENCE VITAL IN ASIA Council of California Growers. have strenuously opposed a Postal Serv The aversion to irrigation carries over into major California growing areas as well. ice rule which prohibited Postmasters HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI "Napa-Sonoma receives 25" to 50" of rain from responding to a simple congres annually, versus the 10" to 12" we get here sional inquiry. Instead, they were in OF ILLINOIS in Monterey. Any rain early in the Fall is not structed to forward all congressional mail IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES uncommon in that area. So they can afford to to Postal Service headquarters in Wash Monday, December 8, 1975 share the European aversion to man-made ington. 'rainfall' in the form of sprinkler irrigation," Mr. Bailar has now reversed this short Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, at a Neja explained. sighted policy and authorized "Post time when the President has just re Since 1972, viticulturist Neja has been ac turned from a trip to Asia and announced tively involved in irrigation trials involving masters and Sectional Center Manag ers . . . to respond to congressional in a new Pacific doctrine which bears the area grape growers and wineries, as well as imprint of Secretary Kissinger, I be the University's experiment sta.tion. quiries received directly on matters under "We are studying four systems: non-irriga their jurisdiction affecting the customers lieve the Members ought to ponder the tion; an early cut-off in mid-July to stop and services of the postal office or sec message of Harry G. Wiles, the Ameri plant growth; irrigating through the entire tional center." can Legion commander, who has also season and ignoring vine growth; and finally, In a second · order, Mr. Bailar has just returned from an Asian trip. As a in mid-season, cutting back canopy growth Legionnaire, I recommend Commander halted another ridiculous policy barring and reducing irrigation, but continuing Wiles' message to the Members: some water application right up to harvest elected officials from participating in time in September and November," Neja told open-house ceremonies for new and re THE COMMANDER'S MESSAGE-U.S. PRESENCE VrrAL IN ASIA the Council. He referred to the latter tech modeled post offices. This rule, designed nique as "E.C.B."-early cut back of irriga augment the Postal Service policy of A curious Asian big power triangle bal to ances precariously on the Korean peninsula tion to reduced levels. "keeping politics out of the post office," Measured results have been startling, if in the wake of the Communist conquest of probably insufficient to lower the raised eye had often resulted in limited public Southeast Asia. brows of European traditionali.sts. knowledge or use of new postal facilities. Contrary to their propaganda broadsides, "Wineries and the University, cooperating These "tunnel-vision" policies were in both the Soviet Union and Communist China in evaluating quality, report the ECB system augurated by Mr. Bailar's predecessors appear anxious that the United States main resulted in superior wines, based on sugar at the Postal Service, who had ignored tain a meaningful and conspicuous mllita.ry acids and taste panel ratings," Neja said. or overlooked the problems that had been presence in the western Pa.clfic. The farm advisor reported further results This ls an inescapable conclusion after a created by them, even when brought to 19-day trip to the·Far East that took me to of the trials. "Under ECB, production aver their attention. aged more than 16 pounds per vine, versus Guam, the Philippines, Taiwan, Hong Kong, 10 pounds when not irrigated. In pounds of I am most pleased that Mr. Bailar has the Republic of Korea and Japan. sugar per vine, ECB averaged 3.2, versus 2.1 expressed his willingness to make needed In country after country, in conversations non-irrigated." changes in postal policies, and I com with American military men and diplomats Water application under ECB is dramat mend him for his cooperative attitude. and with Asian officials and ordinary citi ically low. "It requires one-third to one-half For the benefit of my colleagues, the zens, the arguments are r€peated. the amount of water needed to furrow-irriga As men on the perimeter of Oommunist two new postal orders are herewith China see it, Moscow and Peking are both tion row crops, and about one-half of what printed: grape growers previously thought necessary," maneuvering to avoid any incident or con Neja reported. POSTAL BULLETIN NOTICE ON CONGRESSIONAL frontation that might force one or the other Infra-red aerial photography has aided PROCEDURES to make overt military moves. The presence Monterey County investigators in evaluating It is of the utmost importance that in of American power in Korea, in Japan, the VIne conditions, whether still growing, de quiries from Congressional offices receive Philippines and the Marianas heigh tens foliating, or in a "holding pattern." "We've prompt and accurate attention. All levels of Communist caution. found that night time irrigation gets better management are expected to assist toward But these same men also agree that Kim results: reduced waiter loss from evaporation successfully meeting this objective. In this II-Sung, the bellicose premier of Commu and, therefore, minimized salt concentration regard, Postmasters and Sectional Center nist North Korea, could upset the fragile on leaves," the viticulturist said. Managers are authorized to respond to Con balance. A sudden North Korean attack on Ultimately the consumer will judge the gressional inquiries received directly on South Korea would immediately involve the merits of irrigation versus natural rainfall. matters under their jurisdiction affecting the American forces guarding the demilitarized But leading California vintners already a.re customers and services of the post office or zone between the two states. Just as quickly, sectional center. Information copies of Post it would force Moscow's and Peking's hands. reaching the conclusion tha.t European prej The Asia-watchers with whom I spoke see udices in wine-making are in for some shat master and Sectional Center Manager re tering disillusionment. sponses and memoranda recording verbal few options in such a sttuatlon. Neither Mos responses, as well as questions received di cow nor Peking could afford to see the other rectly involving policy matters {which should gain ascendancy in the Asian Communist be forwarded to Headquarters for answering), world, nor could either allow Kim to be will be collected by the Sectional Center driven northward by American-South Ko NEW POSTAL SERVICE POLICY WILL Manager for forwarding to the Assistant rean arms. From the American standpoint, a North BENEFIT CONGRESSMEN Postmaster General, Government Relations Department, United States Postal Service, Korean conquest of South Korea ls equally Washington, D.C. 20260. Policy matters are unacceptable. Communist control of the interpreted to include but are not limited to strategic peninsula would constitute a dagger HON. WILLIAM D. FORD such answers as mail classification, rate mak pointed at the heart of Japan, America's No. OF MICHIGAN ing, contracting, real estate, interpretation 1 trading partner and the anchor of its power IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the collective bargaining agreement, per and prestige in Asia and the western Pacific. sonnel policies, arbitration, appointments, Why then is the balance so precarious? Monday, December 8, 1975 and promotions. The existing procedural Why ls there continuing concern about a new Korean confiict? Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, framework governing labor/management re lations must be maintained at all times. The answers center on the personality of I_would like to call attention to two policy Kim II-Sung. He ls described often as a man changes just announced by Postmaster POSTAL BULLETIN NOTICE ON OPEN HOUSES obsessed with the idea of reunifying Korea under bis Communist banner. He is growing General Benjamin F. Ballar which will be When new or substantially remodeled of interest to all our colleagues in the old. His heal·th is reported to be falling. b~ildlngs are occupied by the Postal Service, Immediately after the fall of South Viet House and Senate. open houses should be held for the general nam, Kim traveled to Peking and then to These changes were made by Mr. public, employees, their families, and friends. Moscow. It ls reported that he sought the Bailar after consultation with members Ceremonies will be informal and will not support of the Communist giants for an at of the Post Office and Civil Service Com include speeches. National, state, and local tack southward. He was rebuffed by both mittee, and I want to express my appre elected officials will be Invited. As far in the Russians and the Chinese. But this does advance of an opening as possible, postmas ciation to him for a fine gesture of co not mean he was dissuaded. His own econ ters should contact their Sectional Center omy and society are in a shambles. His gran operation and an indication of a new Managers for detailed instructions, which diose social schemes have collapsed. He rules openness in the Postal Service. will be furnished. within increasing severity. The combination December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF R£MARKS 39167 of his problems and his ego, many experts he made clear the County Star would world-is a rare and priceless thing. As the fear, could convince him that he has "noth represent more than just the city of San Committee gathers here in this lovely place, ing to lose" in a wild adventure that would Buenaventura as its name would indi we do so with a deep sense of sorrow, for one threaten the peace of the world. of our comrades has fallen. In this climaite of nervous tension, I was cate. "We propose to serve faithfully the I will not recite Marshall McGrath's accom proud to be national commander of an or people of all Ventura County. In our cov plishments and biographical details, because, ganization that has consistently called for ering of the news, in our editorial treat among his close friends, this is unnecessary. strong, modern American military forces ca ment of the issues, in our circulation Further, Marshall would not be pleased. pable of pursuing the nation's interests any program, we always will remember that "Don't bore them", he would say, "they are where in the world. I was proud, too, that we represent this big, fertile, beautiful, my friends." the American Legion just recently reaffirmed happy district-all of it." Rather, I would simply like to point out its support of American commitments to the the fact that these arrangements which we Republic of Korea, Japan, Taiwan and our The County Star's first office was in Will follow for the next few days, are fitting other friends on the perimeter of Asia. a garage leased from the Lagomarsino tribute to Marshall. This serene, quiet, beau Indochina has been lost, but in the months family-yes, my family. From this hum tiful spot was hand picked by him. And it that have followed the tragedies of Vietnam, ble beginning it had, on its first anni rather fits the man, for Marshall was serene, Cambodia and Laos, there has emerged a new versary, 2,531 paid circulation. The fol quiet. And, yes, a beautiful man. But--in all appreciation of the American role in the Far lowing year Col. Milton McRae, the of its serenity-it is also a strong, rugged East. Throughout the arc that swings from guardian of 15-year-old John Paul place; a rock-like spot, able to withstand Hong Kong to Seoul there is a keen aware Scripps, invested in the Star, using a the winds and water of winter storms. ness that without conspicuous U.S. power Marshall possessed this kind of quality, there can be no stability, no real hope for a part of the Scripps inheritance. This was too. He was strong, and when the chips were future. the beginning of the John Paul Scripps down, he was the kind of man who quietly, There were no "Yankee Go Home" signs Newspapers as an organization. and courageously led us in the direction along my itinerary. Even in the Philippines, In April, 1937, the Ventura County of doing what was right. where President Marcos h as made some pub Star-Free Press was born from an amal He leaves his wife, Carolyn, and his daugh lic statements that have been interpreted as gamation of the Free Press and the ter, Cheryl. We share in their grief, for they anti-American, men close to Marcos sought County Star. are part of us; they, like Marshall, help us. to assure me that such statements are based The buildings, the people, the times But I have thought so much of the fact that on domestic and Asian political situations when the next several days are past and the and do not represent Marcos' real feelings. have changed, but the dedication and finality of it all sets in, what a legacy he has In Seoul and Taipei, the official attitude is purpose remain the same; to print the left them. Their thoughts of a husband and almost a plea. For those people an American news honestly, decently and fearlessly; father--of the understanding and compas retreat would be an immediate catastrophe. and in politics to be independent, but sion of Marshall-will sustain them during This is not to say that there should be no not neutral, standing for the man or the the lonely time, just as his legacy will sus changes in the U.S. military posture in the measure "which seems to us to be for the tain us. Par East. It is obvious that American power welfare of the whole public." And, now, here's where Marsh would be is shifting toward Guam and the Marianas. to saying, "Vaughan, you've said enough! Get New weapons, ships and planes are bringing Because of this singular dedication on with it." changes in strategy. We have highly compe the journalistic profession I ask the However, I have one more thought I know tent Navy, Army and Air Force leaders who Members of the House to join with me in you all share--Marshall, we miss you, we are adjusting quicldy and decisively to post extending congratulations to the Ven thank you-and we shall always walk in your Vietnam realities. tura County Star-Free Press on the oc shadow. But despite Vietnam, one reality remains casion of its lOOth anniversary. constant: the United States has a major stake in the Far East and the western Pacific. OAK PARK RIVER FOREST IDGH It cannot be ignored. SCHOOL'S POLLUTION CONTROL I saw it reflected in the cold hatred of a TRIBUTE TO MARSHALL McGRATH Communist North Korean guard at Pan CENTER munjom who glared a.t me from only 30 feet away. I saw it reflected in our national ceme HON. BROCK ADAMS teries at Manila and Honolulu and in a HON. HENRY J. HYDE native Filipino cemetery reserved for men OF WASHINGTON OF ILLINOIS who had died fighting alongside American IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES troops in World War II. I saw it reflected in Monday, December 8, 1975 Monday, December 8, 1975 the bustling streets of Tokyo, the American military bases in Japan, Korea and Guam and Mr. ADAMS. Mr. Speaker, in Septem Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, the Oak Park in the eyes of worried men in Taipei and ber of this year, I spoke to the American River Forest High School's Pollution Seoul and Manila. Paper Institute in Prout's Neck, Maine. Control Center in Illinois' Sixth Con We are on the right track, comrades. Our The occasion was greatly saddened by resolutions and mandates strengthen the gressional District which I have the hopes for peace and freedom around the rim the news of the sudden and tragic death honor to represent, has again earned of Asia. of Marshall McGrath, who had ably rep well-deserved national recognition for Let's stick by them! resented the International Paper Co., in its continuing program to sharpen public Washington, D.C., for many years. environmental awareness. In his work, he had gained the affec On December 5, the center's student tion and respect, not only of his col director, John Fanta, and its faculty A CENTURY OF REPORTING leagues in the paper industry, but of the adviser, Edward Radatz, accepted for many Members and their staffs with the center the Distinguished Service whom he worked on legislative matters. Citation in this year's national awards HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO He was an able, articulate and honest program here in Washington, D.C., con OF CALIFORNIA spokesman for the paper industry, and ducted by Keeping America Beautiful, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we will all miss his calm advice and Inc. counsel. The center was specifically commended Monday, December 8, 1975 At the Prout's Neck meeting, Gerald for its ongoing program of community Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, 100 Vaughan gave a moving eulogy to his information and assistance regarding years ago November 6, 1975, the ances friend, Marshall McGrath, and I would environmental matters, its support for try of the Ventura County Star-Free like to include the text of his remarks in the recycling center it founded in 1971, Press began. It was fostered through a in RECORD. I also want to take this op its scholarship fund which sponsors series of proprietorships, conflicts and portunity to extend my deepest sympa student attendance at university en amalgamations but always with dedica thy to his wife and daughter-they have vironmental workshops, and for its pro tion to journalistic principles. In 1925 as lost a husband and a father in whose gram of student lectures at local ele a result of these transactions, young Roy memory they can take pride. mentary schools. David Pinkerton emerged with the MARSHALL McGRATH This was not the first national recog County Star. Mr. Pinkerton introduced One of the greatest strengths of the AP! nition for the school's pollution control the publication on June 15, 1925, with Government Affairs Committee is a kind of center. In 1972, Oak Park River Forest an editorial on the front page in which camaraderie, which-in today's business High School, and three other high 39168 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 schools nationwide, received in a White efforts to keep a spotlight on the impor how national policy has shifted focus to House ceremony, the first a wards made tance of grain exports to our national the effects of unemployment rather than in EPA's Presidential environmental economy. The article follows: the need to lower the rate itself. The merit awards program. As WE STRIVE FoR A BE'ITER WORLD, WHo Do largest increase for the 1976 domestic I do not need to tell anyone in this You WANT To LEAVE OUT? budget will be for unemployment com Chamber of the importance to this 700 million people in this world live with pensation. As the article indicates, these Nation's future of a broad public under the constant gnawing pains of hunger. And costs could be transferred to emergency their eventual death by starvation is a. fact standing of the interrelationships of en they try to live with. jobs programs and jobs training pro vironmental factors and broad public If that isn't bad enough, every week the grams. However, the continuing trend support for cost-effective pollution con world's population increases by another 1.4 has been to stop funds for these work trol and reclamation activities. We need, million. incentive programs. throughout the Nation, a proliferation In the pa.st, our food reserves have been I recommend that my colleagues take of high school and community awareness available to alleviate the agony of fa.mines. a moment to read the observations made programs similar to those provided by The American farmer has always produced by these authors on the neglected sub Oak Park River Forest High School's abundant food. But today, our food reserve is the lowest it's been in a. quarter of a ject of jobs. Pollution control center. This center century. The text of the two articles follow: has set a high standard of excellence And the incentive for the farmer to in How JOBS COULD FIGHT INFLATION and effectiveness that I commend to high crease production is dwindling. Fertilizer, (By Tom Wicker) school students everywhere. fuel, equipment, and supply costs are not I congratulate specifically John Fanta, encouraging to him. In just the last two One of the most widely accepted economic the center's student director, son of yea.rs, fertilizer prices have increased 196% propositions of our time, endorsed by Keyne and diesel fuel ls up 189 % . sian liberals as well as conservatives, is that Mr. and Mrs. Paul E. Fanta of 947 South the achievement of full employment will Clinton Avenue in Oak Park. John has But 1f he tries to get by on less fertilizer and fuel, yields will suffer. inevitably bring price inflation. The so-called been interested in environmental protec On the other hand, 1f he invests more in "Phillips curve" even calibrates the connec tion since becoming a Boy Scout in Lin his crops, and the higher production satu tion-the lower the rate of unemployment, coln Elementary School's Troop 35 where rates our nation's needs to the point prices the higher the rate of lnfiatlon, and vice he is now junior assistant scoutmaster are driven down, he wlll have only hastened versa.. and a Life Scout. John is a National his own demise. It ls upon this proposition that Gerald Merit Scholar semifinalist, and upon With the voluminous need for our food Ford based his veto of emergency jobs legis graduation looks forward to attending production throughout the world, it only lation, and a Gallup Poll showing that most makes sense to keep these foreign markets American view inflation as a greater danger prelaw course at Harvard or Stanford available to the American farmer. than unemployment gives his position con universities and is considering a career This demand will create the incentive he siderable polltical validity. Obviously, he be in environmental law. needs to produce the needed food. And the lieves the voters wlll choose an "inflation Edward Radatz has taught environ U.S. will have the commodities for foreign fighter" over a. "spender" next year, even 1f mental science and biology at Oak Park trade. Commodities which have proven to be the spender's stated purpose is to put the un River Forest High School the past 7 years the primary source for generating a favor employed to work. and has been faculty adviser for the pol able balance of trade. The belief in an lnfiatlon-unemployment lution control center since its founding People throughout the world need food. trade-off also is at the root of the relative Food the American farmer can produce. But timidity of the Democrats in pushing for 5 years ago. His counseling and leader we can't expect him to do it without a. profit measures to reduce unemployment, and the ship has been an inspiration in the de able return on his investment. relative weakness of the measures they have velopment of the center. supported. And the fear of lnfia.tion is no I congratulate him and all the dedi doubt the primary reason why the far reach cated students who make the pollution JOBS ing Hawkins-Humphrey blll-which would be control center the force for community aimed at producing true full employment, improvement which it is. not just 4-to-6 percent unemployment--does HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON not have much cha.nee to pass, and would OF M:ASSACHUSETTS surely be vetoed 1f it did. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Given such consequences, ls the belief in the inflation-unemployment trade-off via.lid? AMERICAN FARMS NEED EXPORT Monday, December 8, 1975 A number of economists, possibly a growing MARKETS Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, the number, do not think so. Their genera.I case ls set down lucidly by Peter Barnes in the current attitude of apparent satisfaction Fall 1975 issue of Working Papers-a special HON. KEITH G. SEBELIUS among administration economists with issue devoted to "politics and programs for OF KANSAS regard to the chronically high unemploy 1976." IN .THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment rate strongly indicates that the Mr. Barnes, now an official in the Presl view from the White House has little dental campaign of Fred Harris, is arguing for Monday, December 8, 1975 relationship to the realities we face each a guaranteed-job program. He recognizes that Mr. SEBELIUS. Mr. Speaker, the day. We are routinely reassured by the supporters of such a plan either must at record-breaking farm output in 1975 can administration that the recession has tack the idea that full employment would cause inflation, or argue--more dublously be a real source of pride and achieve officially ended, yet millions of Americans tha.t putting the unemployed to work would ment for American farmers and for the continue to be victimized by economic be worth having higher prices for everybody. Nation as well. Meeting a challenge to policies which have proved unsympathe The case he states is that full employment increase grain production, U.S. grain tic to their desire to obtain a job. I wish would not necessarily cause inflation, and producers answered the call by produc to share with my colleagues two articles that might even "promote price stability." ing a record yield. which may help to shed some under This is based on the idea that, contrary to the Unfortunately, marketing efforts by standing on this subject. Phillips-curve proposition, "prices no longer farmers have been seriously hampered The first article entitled "How Jobs fluctuate in accordance with supply and de by unwarranted public fear of food Could Fight Inflation," by Tom Wicker, mand" in the American economy. Instead, as shortages and high food prices. This mis evidenced recently with automobiles, falling was published in the October 16 issue demand leads to higher prices, as the volume understanding and distrust has thwarted of the New York Times. In article, Wicker of production diminishes and per-unit costs farmer efforts to grain profitable returns expounds on the optimistic characteris- rise. In economic areas where major indus for tae 1975 grain crops. tics that are featured in the Equal Op tries "administer" prices, they raise them to In this regard the following article is portunity and Full Employment Act of compensate for lower volume and higher the last of a series of 10 messages spon 1976; sponsored by Representative HAW costs. sored by the Far Mar Co. Inc., Hutchin KINS and Senator HUMPHREY. In this thesis, unemployment does not son, Kans. in U.S. News & World Report The second article, "Giving Them Any fight the resulting price inflation. It feeds to promote public awareness and under it, since it reduces demand, thereby encour thing, It Seems, but a Job," by Alan aging a further round of administered price standing of farm issues. Again, I com Gartner and Marjorie Gellermann ap increases to compensate for lowered volume. mend Mr. George Voth, executive vice peared in the September 6 issue of the It follows that putting the unemployment president of Far Mar Co. for his fine New York Times. The authors' point out to work would fight administered-price in- December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF R£MARKS 391'69 flation, because the newly employed workers Democrats favor the payment of health partment of Agriculture has been sub would not only increase aggregate demand lnsurance premiums for the formerly em jected to severe criticism recently, with but add to the supply of goods and services, ployed, as well as Government loans to de and thus tend to promote price stability. fer mortgage payments. Even the limited considerable justification. Yet each Since many of the unemployed are paid opportunities afforded by public-service em criticism is rebutted with heartening something, through compensation plans or ployment are shunned. Everything ls pro statistics presented by the Department welfare, but produce nothing, paying them posed, it seems, except income earned of Agriculture. For example, the Food wages for productive work should result in a through a job. and Nutrition Service report to the Sen net increase of aggregate supply over aggre The basic wealth of the country may be ate Committee on Agriculture and For gate demand. Putting them to work also great enough to allow the trend towa.rd estry in response to Senate Resolution should increase the volume of production. subsidizing unemployment to continue and 58, asserts that, for statistical purposes, Both factors actually wol11d tend to lower even to grow. But we need to give careful zero percent of food stamp recipient rather than increase prices. attention to the consequences of a policy As for the Federal budget deficit, since it that departs so radically from basic Ameri households have incomes greater than is largely the product of the drop in tax can values. $10,000 per year. This figure has been revenues attributable to unemployment, a Through work, people have not only repeatedly cited in the media by de successful full-employment program would earned their living but, also, derived much f enders of the existing program. For tend to reduce the deficit, hence pressures of their identity and feeling of self-confi example, the New York Times on Novem on the credit markets. Interest rates there dence and self-worth. ber 20, 1975, used it in an article by fore would remain at reasonable levels. Even That the very foundations of their personal Ronald F. Pollack. The Boston Globe of President Ford's budget report conceded that lives are shaken is suggested by the evidence "if the economy were to be as fully employed indicating that when the unemployment November 17, 1975, page 25, also cites in 1976 as it was in 1974, we would have rate goes up so does the suicide rate, the rate this figure. The Food and Nutrition Serv $40 billion in addition-al tax receipts, assum of new admissions to mental hospitals, the ice also maintains that its fraud rate is ing no change in tax rates, and $12.7-billion rate of new prison incarcerations, the rate miniscule-only eight one-hundredths of less in aid to the unemployed." That's $52.7 of family breakups, and the rate of infant 1 percent, a figure widely repeated. billion more revenue at 1974 tax and employ mortality. Yet I turn to the current population ment level~nd the latter was not true And what of the effect on the larger so survey conducted by the Census Bureau full employment. ciety? There are the costs to the employed, and read that almost 12 percent of the For all these reasons, the Congressional whose hold on their own jobs is made un Democrats may have a more significant in certain, whose real income ls held down, participants in the food stamp program strument in their hands than many now and whose collective-bargaining rights are have incomes above $10,000 per year, and think-the Hrawkins-Humphrey bill. It would threatened; to the consumers, whose needs 4.4 percent have incomes above $15,000 give every American an enforceable right to are unmet because of the diminishing stock per year. The Wall Street Journal on a job, make full employment the measure of goods and services produced; to the gen December 20, 1974, carried a story re of the fiscal and monetary policies of all eral public, which suffers doubly from the garding middle income use of food Federal agencies, establish federally admin loss of tax revenues that could be generated stamps, and cited the case of a $15,000 istered "job reservoirs" meshing private and were the unemployed at work, and from the per year mechanic and his family, with public employment, and set up a Standby use of public funds to maintain its jobless Job Corps for the public employment of members. Finally, there is the cost to Ameri a house, and such luxuries as two TV those waiting for permanent jobs. Mr. Ford's cans generally as their confidence in the sets and a pool table, who received food certain veto of such a bill, if the Democrats ability of their society to provide for the stamps-with a food stamp bonus of should pass it, would draw the issue sharply well-being of its people is increasingly $49 monthly. The conflicts betwen the for the election next year. eroded. figures provided by the Food and Nu Yet the policies now being approved and trition Service and figures provided by carried out may well have the effect of in other equally reputable sources cloud GIVING THEM ANYTHING, IT SEEMS, BUT A stitutionalizing unemployment. Substitutes JOB for income earned through gainful employ the issues of food stamp reform, and (By Alan Gartner and Marjorie Gellermann) ment do enable the recipient to survive but confuse those seeking to determine The United States is on the brink of be they can only reinforce the feelings of de whether and to what extent abuses occur. coming a permanently divided society- a pendency, impotence and despair that ac When the next session of Congress society deeply split between the ever fewer company unemployment. convenes, it will begin a hopefully mean who are employed and the ever more who, It is possible to guarantee to every person ingful reform of the food stamp pro while willing and able to work, cannot find willing and able to work a job at decent gram. I must seriously question the ef employment on a sustained basis. wages. While over the long run this can best ficacy of any reform of the food stamp In the last two years, unemployment has be achieved by comprehensive economic program which is predicated upon fre risen from 4.9 per ~ent to 8.4 per cent of the planning measures, in the short run public work force--or in human terms, at last service employment programs could drive the quently conflicting sources of informa count, 9.4 million people could not find unemployment rate down to 3 per cent in tion. It is certainly in the best interest work, 8.2 million were "offi.cially" unem 18 months at a net cost of only $10.7 billion of the Nation to eliminate widespread ployed, and 1.2 million more were too dis annually-in other words, at a cost of less abuses in the food stamp program rather couraged to seek work. than half of the tax rebate that President than hide them by statistical legerde While the increase in unemployment had Ford now talks about for next year. main. been accompanied by downturns in the ma And it is also possible to achieve the goal jor indicators of economic activity, recently of full employment without intensifying the two trends have begun to diverge. De our inflation problem-indeed, full employ spite the improvement in industrial-produc ment, with increased production of goods PURGING THE PROPAGANDISTS tion levels and other leading economic indi and services, would be anti-inflationary. The cators, most economists, including those in endemic national problem of inflation, how the Administration, predict high levels of ever, can probably only be resolved if the HON. LARRY McDONALD unemployment for the next several years. guarantee of a job is linked with additional OF GEORGIA · Meanwhile, national policy initiatives measures such as price and profit controls IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES focus on ways not to end unemployment and credit and wage guidelines. Monday, December 8, 1975 but to soften its effects. Unemployment What seems strange, indeed, is that our compensation up to 65 weeks for some job leaders prefer a set of policies that deeply and Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. less workers has been authorized. President dangerously divide our society between those Speaker, on September 3, 1975, I placed Ford proposes to extend these payments still who may work and those who may not. on page 27477 of the CONGRESSIONAL REC further, expand the coverage, and raise the benefit level. Indeed, in the fiscal year 1976 ORD the results of a public opinion poll conducted by Gallup international both domestic budget the largest single increase FOOD STAMP FIGURES CONFUSING is for unemployment compensation. inside and outside Chile. The poll clearly A wide variety of other income surrogates showed that the image of the present or supplements have been put forth. The HON. PAUL FINDLEY Chilean Government in the eyes of the Department of Transportation funds "trans OF ll.LINO:lS Chilean people is very favorable, while portation stamps," while the Federal Energy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the image is very unfavorable in the eyes Administration proposes "energy stamps" to of the international community. Gallup help the poor pay their rising utillty bills. Monday, December 8, 197 5 Others propose "clothing stamps" as well as international concludes that-- further expansion of the food-stamp pro Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, the food It is not possible to deny that the inter gram. stamp program administered by the De- national image of Chile, a product mainly 39170 EXTENSIONS OF ~EMARKS December 8, 1975 of informations transmitted through mass Chile's Paris embassy originally declined Most of those dismissed were Christian communications media. and talks with comment but has now denied the entire Democrats. Chilean officials denied any de friends, radically differs from the opinion incident. liberate attempt to punish the Christian held by people living in that country, in DINA agents in Europe receive instruc Democrats. They were merely merging agen• direct and permanent contact with the ac tions, according to high-level sources, from cies and slashing budgets, said the officials. tual situation existing therein. Madrid, which is the center of DINA activ.. Footnote: Technically, political parties still ity in Europe. A contingent of Chilean intel exist in Chile, albeit in a legal limbo. The This poll clearly illustrates the exist ligence agents operate out of the Spanish Junta simply has declared them "in recess" ence of a propaganda campaign being capital under the direction of Col. Pedro and has forbidden them from making om.. waged against Chile by many elements of Ewing, a central figure in the coup whicJi cial statements on political matters. Top the American and world press, a cam overthrew the late President Salvador Christian Democratic leaders selected our paign which continues unabated. A re Allende. column as the outlet for telling their story Ostensibly, they handle security matters to the world. They contacted us secretly as cent example is a column by Jack An for Chile's European embassies. But their individuals, however, not as representatives derson in the Washington Post of No undercover mission, say our sources, is to of any party. vember 16 entitled "Purging the Chris keep watch on Chilean exiles. tian Democrats." Here in the United States, two prominent WASHINGTON, D.C., While it is generally understood that Christian Democratic exiles have been November 18, 1975. if Mr. Anderson says it then the opposite marked for murder. Gabriel Valdes, a former Mr. JACK ANDERSON, is true, there may be some who are un foreign minister, and Rodomiro Tomic, who Washington, D.O. aware of his well-earned reputation. ran against Allende for the presidency in DEAR MR. ANDERSON: Your column, "Purg 1970, were warned of the assassination dan ing the Christian Democrats" which appeared Thus in the interest of fairness and ac ger by reliable sources. in "The Washi gton Post" November 16th, curacy, I would like to bring to the at Not the least of these was the U.S. embassy contains errors in fact and comments on the tention of my colleagues not only Mr. in Santiago. The FBI considered the threats Chilean Government's purported intentions Anderson's column, but also a reply and so credible that special details were ordered and alleged scheming that border on calumny refutati-0n by Manual Trucco, Chile's to protect Valdes and Tomic. and slander. Ambassador to the United States: As added evidence of the campaign to wipe The publication of unverified accusations PuRGING THE CHRISTIAN DEMOCRATS out the Christian Democrats, a string of omi is all the more serious because of your recent nous events has occurred in Chile. Here are conversations with the Minister of Justice of (By Jack Anderson) a few of the stories that have been smuggled Chile, Mr. Miguel Schweitzer, and with me, Chile's military dictatorship, having out to us: and later conversations by your Joseph Spear lawed the communists and socialists, has A former Christian Democrat Congressman, with personnel of this Embassy, in which we now set out to destroy the moderate Chris Pedro Araya Ortiz, was arrested in Septem sought to clarify inaccurate information tian Democratic Party. ber and tortured at the infamous Tres Ala which unfortunately you have insisted on The junta is secretly scheming to develop mos military prison. He was subjected to re publishing. a political system without politicians or peated electric shocks and cigarette burns. Item: Secret scheme to impose what you parties. Among the E:enerals, this is called From the scars on his body, doctors later refer to as the "Paraguayan Solution." the "Paraguayan Solution," because it was confirmed he had been hideously tortured. Fact: Absolutely false. We are completely successfully imposed on Paraguay by dictator DINA conducted a raid on the home of unaware of any such "Solution" and the Alfredo Stroessner. Jaime Castillo Valasco on August 22. He was Chilean Government is not interested in any We have discussed our evidence in detail a former Minister of Justice under Christian political system that differs from that indi with both Chile's Minister of Justice Miguel Democratic President Eduardo Frei. More re cated in its "Declaraition of Principles." This Schweitzer and Ambassador to Washington cently, Castillo has been defending political Declaration is not a secret document. It has Manuel Trucco. Both vehemently denied that prisoners of the military regime. The Chilean been distributed throughout the world in their government has any intention of ellm embassy didn't deny the raid had taken place English, French, German and Spanish. inating the Christian Democratic Party and, but claimed Castillo was violently anti-junta Since you charge that ''the Junta is thereby, extinguishing democracy forever in and the uncle of a leftist revolutionary. secretly scheming" t.o introduce the above Chile. "Prior censorship" has been imposed on "Solution", it is t.o be assumed that your Yet we have received convincing evidence Radio Balmaceda, a station owned by the information comes directly from one of the to the contrary. It has come from classified Christian Democratic Party. Spokesman for members of this "dictatorial Junta" that you intelligence reports, discussions with Amer the junta claimed that the Christian Demo so violently denounce? ican authorities and confidential documents crats still speak out against the regime. Item: "Chilean sources, whose reliability smuggled to us from some of the most re Last August, 50 professors and students cannot be questioned. . .." spected Christian Democratic leaders in were arrested at the eastern branch of the The fa.ct that these "Chilean sources" University of Chile de Santiago. Many were Chile. obviously have an axe t.o grind makes any As early as last July, we saw intelligence members of the Christian Democratic Party. information emanating from them question reports from Santiago, which claimed the Chilean officials claim some of those arrested able. As you know, there are at this time were revolutionaries in disguise. Those who several Catholic priests under arrest in Chile junta was turning against the Christian were not, the officials say, were released im Democrats. "The U.S. embassy predicts,'' we because of compllclty with terrorist groups mediately. Delonging to organizations cited by you in reported, "that the military government Six professors of political science were arbi shortly will outlaw all political parties in our private conversation as one of your trarily dismissed at Catholic University of "reliable sources." I belleve no comment is Chile." Chile for organizing a seminar on the future Chilean sources, whose reliability cannot necessary. of democracy in the world. One of the par Item: Reference t.o the dastardly attempt to be questioned, also told us that the junta ticipants was supposed to be former Presi had decided to move against the Christian dent Eduardo Frei, who had been a professor assassinate Mr. Bernardo Leighton and his Democrats. The decision had been reached, at the same university for 15 years. He was wife in Rome, and the allegation that DINA according to these sources, at a secret cab denied the opportunity to speak at the semi was following a feme.le exlle in Paris. inet meeting. nar. Fact: Running these two items together Not long afterward, agents of the dreaded At Northern University in Copiago, three leaves the impression that the Chilean Gov DINA, the Ohllean Intelligence Directorate, officials and 17 professors were arrested last ernment was involved in both. began to move against Christian Democrats March. They were released in July and re It is absolutely untrue that the Chilean on a global scale. There is reason to believe, arrested as they left the prison. Government had anything to do with the for example, that DINA has hired thugs to Labor leaders at some of Chile's largest attempt on the Leighton's life and I most track down and assassinate prominent exiles. copper mines, including Potrerillos, El Salva strongly reject this gratuitous imputation. 'Bernardo Leighton, one of the founders of dor, Llantas and Barquitos, have been ar Furthermore, the tale about the DINA and Chile's Christian Democratic Party, was rested. Many were members of the Christian the female exlle ls e.lso a Ile. Check with the brutally gunned down, along with his wife, Democratic Party. According to documents French authorities in Paris or the Chilean on the streets of Rome last month. He barely smuggled to us, many were beaten and tor Embassy in Pa.ris. survived. tured. The Chilean embassy argued that most Item: "A contingent of Chilean intelli Italian police have called it a political of those apprehended were really revolu gence agents operates out of the Spanish crime but have failed to nail the culprits. tionaries who were plotting to destroy prop ca~ital, ur:~er the direction of Col. Pedro Diplomatic sources consider it more than an erty. Ewing .. . idle coincidence, however, that French police La.st August 18, over 1900 officials and em Fact: Another calumnious affirmation. Col. reportedly corralled a trio of DINA agents at ployees of the Agricultural Service of the Pedro Ewing is a distinguished army officer, Orly Airport in Paris three days after the Chilean government were abruptly dismissed. the Military Attache at the Chilean Embassy attempted murder of the Leightons. They included lawyers, technicians and ad in Madrid. His functions are strictly profes The three DINA men were following a ministrative personnel. Other mass purges sional. Unfortunately, Chile cannot afford to female Chilean exile. They were interrrogated are under way, according to our sources, in maintain security services for its embassies. and then put aboard a plane for Santiago. ENDESA, the national election company. As a result, an attempt was made months ago December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 391.71 to assassinate the Chilean Ambassador in versity of Chile for organizing a seminar maintain in Chile, have abandoned their Lebanon. His wife was critically wounded and on the future of democracy in the world. country and proclaim themselves as "exiles" he will be paralyzed for the rest of his life. If One of the participants was supposed to be behind the lucrative bureaucratic posts they we had had proper "security" this crime former President Eduardo Frei. . . . He was hold in some international organizations. might have been avoided, as well as other denied the opportunity to speak at the I confess I am grateful that you indicated terrorist attacks which our embassies and our seminar. that your information came from "top diplomats have suffered in several other Fact: University authorities, not the Christian Demacratic leaders." The fact that countries. Until this moment, we have had: Government, asked for the resignation of six some U.S. newsmen and politicians show so no information of your preoccupation about professors of the Catholic University, be much interest in the survival of the Christian this matter, directly connected to interna cause of their political activities. This meas Democratic Party in Chile, seems to confirm tional leftist terrorism. ure was taken in compliance with University the fact that an American political-religious Item: "Here in the United States, two regulations in effect since 1971. sector seeks to establish an "American Party" prominent Christian Democratic exiles have The seminar was suspended by the Uni in Chile. been marked for murder. Gabriel Valdes, a versity because it had a political, not aca The noted British essayist and journalist, former foreign minister, and Radomiro demic objective. Robert Moss, in a recent article published in Tomic, who ran against Allende for the pres Thus, not only was former President Frei the U.S., referred to the "American Party" idency in 1970 ..." left unable to appear before that seminar attempt, stating that some American groups Fact: Neither of these men ls in exile. but also the representative of the Govern seem to engineer now the return to power Mr. Valdes, a rich and prominent aristo ment who was scheduled to address the same of the Christian Democrats, "the American crat, left Chile in 1970 after Salvador Allende seminar. was elected president, to become Director for Party", at the earliest possible opportunity. Item: "At Northern University in Co Many of the blunders commited in Chile Latin America of the United Nations Devel piapo, three officials and 17 professors were according to Moss--might have been averted opment Program. Up to last year, two of Mr. arrested last March. They were released in if the Americans-and some West Europe Valde's sons studied in fine American uni July and rearrested as they left the prison. versities under scholarships granted through ans-had made a more sustained attempt to Labor leaders at some of Chile's largest cop offer practical guidance rather than try to the present Chilean Government. On Sep per mines ... have been arrested." resuscitate a long-lost past. tember 11, 1973, television viewers in the Fact: The arrest of persons who have vio I trust that you are not of those who wish United States saw him leave his east side lated tha law or who are accomplices of residence in Manhattan, accompanied by to impose an "American Party" on Chile, terrorists, as has occured at some mines or because the people of my country would re "persona.I guards" on his way to Kennedy Universities in Copiapo, northern Chile, has Airport. Mr. Valdes made it known that he ject it with the same firmness and decision no connection with their private activities. with which they recently eliminated the was on his way to Chile to become President No one in the U.S. has accused Miss Patricia "Soviet Party". of the Junta, which had overthrown Allende that very day. The inclination to mytho Hearst of being arrested because she ls the Sincerely, manla encouraged by his American support heiress of a newspaper chain owner. It was MANUEL TRUCCO, her alleged terrorist activities which brought Ambassador. ers, who are coordinating and financing the about her detention. so-called "resistance" to the Chilean Govern ment, is supporting Mr. Valdes' dreams of For your information, only two persons of threats and bodyguards. the University in Coplapo are under arrest Radomiro Tomic is absent from Chile as at this time, charged with terrorist activities. CONCERN FOR BALTIC NATIONS he has been frequently during his adult life, ·Item: "Last August 13, over 1900 officials but never against his own wishes and free and employees of the Agricultural Services will. After leaving Texas and Washington, he of the Chilean Government were abruptly HON. GUS YATRON is now in Europe. In the 1970 presidential dismissed ... . Other mass purges are under elections Tomic ran a poor third. way... In ENDESA, the national electric OF PENNSYLVANIA The charge that Messrs. Valdes and Tomic company." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Fact: The reduction in the number of are "marked for murder" is absolutely ridic Monday, December 8, 197 5 ulous, and would be completely false and employees in all administrative services of slanderous if attributed to the Government the country was announced well in advance Mr. YATRON. Mr. Speaker, I would of Chile. by the Government and legalized by Decree like to take this opportunity to recall to Item: "DINA conducted a raid on the home No. 1025, May 1975, which established the mechanism for cutting the ranks of public the attention of my distinguished col of Jaime Castillo Valasco . .. a former Min leagues our dedicated deep concern and ister of Justice under Christian Democratic employees and providing benefits and com President Eduardo Frei". pensation to be received as retirement pay. sense of well-being for the Baltic Na Fact: Mr. Castillo Velasco has not filed any This reduction was necessitated as an indis tions of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania protest with any court. As you recall in pensable measure for slashing the inflation who are under the illegal domination and your article, he is the uncle of Carmen Cas rate of more than 1.000 % per year inherited oppression of the Soviet Union. tillo, a terrorist and intimate friend of the from the Allende regime. We are all aware that Congress will al late Miguel Enriquez, a leftist terrorist leader Only 762 functionaries-not 1900-were ways be the major part of the watch who was killed in a battle with police after dismissed from the Agricultural Services and ful eye of our Nation which safeguards he had robbed a Santiago Bank. The Chilean they belonged to all the political parties, not Government gave Carmen Castillo a visa and just the Christian Democrats. The same pro Democratic government at home and her official residence today is London. How cedure was used in the case of ENDESA. abroad. ever, she visits the United States, Canada, The Government's sound measures of eco We know that America will always Mexico and Cuba regularly to collect funds nomic policy as evidenced by the sharp de honor its foreign commitments and hope for anti-government activities in Chile. She cline in the inflationary rate (only 8.4% in that foreign powers will do likewise. is one of the "reliable" sources of many jour October, compared to 21.3 % in March), are I was proud to be a sponsor of legis nalists who have been attacking Ohile on offered by you as evidence of political per lation which defends Estonia, Latvia, and the basis of false information. secution. Are the dismissed employees of Item: "A former Christian Democratic the City of New York the victims of political Lithuania in hopes of separating them Congressman, Pedro Araya Ortiz, was ar persecution because the city is trying to avoid from the unwarranted seizure and an rested ... and tortured ..." ban kruptcy? nexation of the Soviet Union. Fact: The Minister of Interior has ordered Item: "Top Christian Democratic leaders I sincerely thank my colleagues who a thorough investigation of these charges and selected our column as the outlet for telling cosponsored the Baltic resolution and Minister of Justice, Miguel Schweitzer, has their story to the world". those who supported its passage. offered Mr. Anderson a complete review of Fact: Such evidence is questionable. One such assertion. Until these inquiries are com of the "top" leaders publlcly accused the pleted, affirmations of any kind would be Chilean Government of killing his son when, purely soeculative. unfortunately, the boy died on a London Item: "Last August, 50 professors and stu street, the victim of an incurable disease A LETTER FROM PAUL AND DEDE dents were arrested at the eastern branch which he had suffered since childhood. WILSON of the University of Chile in Santiago." For your information, many of the most Fact: Many of the arrested have been re distinguished and prominent former Christ leased, others have returned to their univer ian Democratic Party members, together with HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. sity functions, and only a few who, ironically, men of outstanding reputation from all walks OF INDIANA belonged to the "security personnel of the of life and political positions are cooperating IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES University" {guards and doormen), are under in the Chilean national effort of today. Their Monday, December 8, 1975 arrest for breaking the law. resolute action is the strongest repudiation Item: "Six professors of political science to those who, claiming a position of impor Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, by request were arbitrarily dismissed at Catholic Uni- tance and of moral leadership they no longer of Paul and Dede Wilson who are con- 39172 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 ducting the Human Rights in Asia Proj Anderson with a determination that high-consequence accidents, and do so ect for the Division of Homeland Minis taints their claims that a nuclear power with unlimited liability and full responsi tries of the Christian Church-Disciples plant is one of Man's safer endeavors and bility to the public for their actions. of Christ--! place the following letter in America's best future energy option. To continue Price-Anderson protec the RECORD: The nuclear industry was a :fledgling tion for nuclear energy risks makes no NOVEMBER 19, 1975. 19 years ago, grappling with a new tech more sense than does the cre:ation of Foreign Editor, nology, an unknown future and un similar protections for all domestic New York Ti~s, measured risks when the Price-Anderson industries. New York, N.Y. concept was conceived. A desire to in More than anything else, the nuclear DEAR EDITOR: President Ford is preparing industry appears to find the subsidy habit to take a trip to Asia, with his plans calling sure full exploration of nuclear energy's for stops in Indonesia and the Republic of potential gave rise to Price-Anderson, re hard to break. It is ironic, indeed, that the Philippines. Both of these nations in the plete with its subsidy iniplications and its industry leaders can argue so forcefully pa.st have received very substantial economic $560 million limit on nuclear accident for unfettered free enterprise and and military aid from the U.S., and both are liability. Public policy proclaimed intent against Federal intervention and bureau well-known violators of the human rights of to promote and to protect this tech cratic restrictions in general and yet be their people. We join many U.S. citizens a.nd nological newcomer. so defensive about the Price-Anderson their Congressional representatives who are restriction on free enterprise in their growing increasingly ashamed about the By any estimate, the nuclear industry image of the U.S.A. as a supporter of repres has by now matured. It is an $80 billion affairs. sive governments around the world. reality, operating 56 large reactors, pro Extension of the Price-Anderson lia Recent history shows that President Ford's viding nearly 8 percent of the total U.S. bility limit is inconsistent with promot last trip to South Korea did nothing to electric generating capacity and plan ing maximum safety with nuclear en change that government's repression of ning at least 85 new reactors in the ergy. Elimination of the liability limit South Koreans. On the contrary it seemed United States and foreign countries. cannot help but make those who build to assure President Park that the U.S. con nuclear components and who operate nu dones, even supports, that government and The $560 million liability limit has its policies as exemplified in the recent exe never been presented as adequate to cov clear plants act more responsibly. It is cutions of political prisoners and the un er the damages a reactor accident could natural to ~ume that a better product warranted arrests of religious leaders. Our cause; at its inception the limit was an will be manufactured if the manufacturei tacit approval of such actions enforces the arbitrary attempt to guarantee a meas is responsible for the damage that might belief among peoples of the Third World ure of protection against a risk that could ensue from that product. that the U.S. is not concerned about democ not be measured before there was actual The case for an extension of the Price racy or the rights of people who have lost reactor operating experience. Anderson Act rests on a twisting of facts their freedoms and liberty. that have changed during the past 19 In light of the human rights an;iendment We have better information today. In to the Economic Aid Bill recently passed by the worst sort of nuclear disaster, $560 years. Contortion of reality is not new Congress, we urge your news staff to ask the million would be precisely 4 percent ade practice for those who cling to the pro administration for a public statement of the quate to cover estimated claims for prop mote nuclear power philosophy of the matters to be discussed while the President erty damage alone; in other words, $13.44 1950's without regard for changing times is in the Philippines and Indonesia. The billion in property damages would not be and shifting public concerns. The Price citizens in this country have become increas covered. The estimates are provided in Anderson Act liability limit now runs the ingly aware of our power and influence and very real risk of becoming yet another are trying to enter into decisions in which we, the final Rasmussen report on nuclear as a people, affect human rights around the reactor safety, recently completed after symbol of that failure to respond to le world. It is only through the news media $4 million worth of study and 2 Y2 years gitimate inquiries and concerns. that we can obtain the basic information of work. If the $560 million liability limit is which helps us make responsible decisions. Rasmussen's $14 billion calculation truly vital to protect the industry from a It is our hope that the President's visit to does not, of course, refiect the other very real threat of catastrophe, then a Asia will be truly representative of the losses that the study predicts a nuclear full and immediate review of all the im American people's concern to begin develop mishap could cause: 3,330 deaths, relo plications of a national commitment to ing a more humane and responsible foreign nuclea,r energy is in order a prerequi policy. cation of survivors from a 290-square as If there are materials or information from mile area, and monitoring of agricultural site to any further nuclear energy our office which would be useful to you or commodities such as milk for 1 or 2 legislation. your staff, please let us know and we will be months within 14,500 square miles If the risk of such a nightmare is glad to share them with you. around the accident site. truly no greater than the catastrophic Sincerely, The Price-Anderson limit, totally in risks borne without Federal help by other PAUL AND DEDE WU.SON, domestic industries, then the validity of Human Rights in Asia Project. adequate though it is, has further failed to keep pace even with the effects of the liability limit is lost. infiation. The limit on liability originally Or, if extension of Price-Anderson set in 1957 would be equivalent to about represents, in reality, nothing more than $3 billion today. a straight subsidy to promote nuclear en WHO BEARS NUCLEAR RISKS? Rasmussen also calculates that the ergy for another decade, it should be chances of a worst possible nuclear ac treated as such in conjunction with com cident occurring are i in 1 billion. The prehensive analysis of how best to allo HON. DON BONKER Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, by cate the limited resources available for OF WASHINGTON recommending extension of Price-An the whole mix of energy alternatives. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES derson without holding any hearings on In every case, the best answer is the same: Terminate the $560 million liabil Monday, December 8, 1975 the Rasmussen rePort, suggests that the report's conclusions are judged to be ity limit. Mr. BONKER. Mr. Speaker, taxpay ers and electric utility customers alike sound. Nuclear advocates are already em bracing Rasmussen's probabilities have borne for long enough the risks of as a MISSOURI DISTRICT FIRST TO IM bulwark of their response to the grow responsibility for damages that a cata PLEMENT SPEEDY TRIAL ACT strophic nuclear reactor accident could ing ranks of Americans concerned about cause. just how safe nuclear reactors really are. Contradictions have replaced the logic Acceptance of the validity of the 1 in HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE of 1957 that produced the Price-Ander 1 billion probability carries with it, how OF MISSOURI son Act and its provisions that shield ever, acceptance of another Rasmussen IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the nuclear energy industry from ever conclusion that such a risk is not unique being held fully accountable for its mis to the nuclear industry. Other endeavors, Monday, December 8, 1975 takes. Nuclear energy advocates are, in including aviation and chemical manu Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, the East fact, today pursuing extension of Price- facture, face comparable low probability, ern Federal Judicial District of Missouri December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39173 has become the first in the United States U.S. CAPITULATION IN THE U.N. veto the resolution. Sunday morning Kis to implement the provisions of the singer called the U.N. and ordered the U.S. Speedy Trial Act, passed by Congress in to side with Syria and its chief sponsor, the 1974. And in this regard, I would like to HON. JOSHUA EILBERG Soviet Union, against Israel. OF PENNSYLVANIA This ls an example of the U.S. policy of call your attention to the following arti preemptive concession. Kissinger reportedly cle from the St. Louis Globe-Democrat: lN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was told by other diplomats before Sunday MISSOURI DISTRICT FmsT To IMPLEMENT Monday, December 8, 1975 tha:t U .s. firmness could get the Palestinian SPEEDY TRIAL Acr question deleted from the resolution. Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, the cow (By MiOhael Montgomery) This would have blocked the planned state ardly and despicable action of the Ford ment from the Soviet ambassador that "the The eastern federal judicial district of Mis administration-no doubt ordered by souri, which includes the St. Louis area, ap understanding of the majority" ls that the Secretary of State Henry Kissinger-al PLO ls to participate in the U.N. debate. In pears to have become the first of the 94 dis lowing the Palestine Liberation Organi stead of standing firm, the U.S. melted into tricts in the United States to meet the the anti-Israel majority. stringent requirements of the Speedy Trial zation to take part in the United Na tions' debate on the Middle East leaves As always ls the case with U.S. concessions, Act. this one is being praised by people who con Congress passed the act in 1974 to assure one wondering if the administration has trive to see it as a deft stroke to encourage persons charged with federal crimes that lost all sense of reason regarding this "moderates." What moderates? there would be no unnecessary delays in proc matter. The PLO, whose leader, Yasser Arafat, toted essing their cases. This action, which gives even more a gun to the U.N. rostrum last year? The act, which was signed into law in Jan uary by President Ford, set up five phases credibility to this gang of murderers Syria, which has been bitterly critical of over a. four-year period for reducing the time masquerading as the freely chosen rep Egypt's moderation, and which now appears periods between various stages of criminal resentatives of "a downtrodden people" vindicated in its contention that obduracy will only serve to bring about more death pays when dealing with israel and the U.S.? proceedings. Advocates of softer U.S. negotiating posi It calls for defendants to be brought to and suffering in the Middle East. tions lack originality, but not persistence. trial under normal circumstances within 100 The PLO has shown by its actions that Whenever they are called up to rationalize a days of their arrest. it equates "diplomatic acceptance" with concession, they do so by asserting that the Under the provisions of the Speedy Trial the right to continue to murder and ter Act, target date for implementation of the concession will strengthen the "moderates" 100-day limit is July, 1979. rorize the citizens of Israel. One must against the "hawks"-the "moderates" in the However, the local district, which encom also wonder if this consideration ever Soviet Politburo, in the PLO, in Arab gov passes the eastern half of the state, has al enters into the thinking of the Secretary ernments. You may remember those days, ready implemented such a time limit. of State. one peace settlement and one Nobel Peace Prize ago, when this was said with regard to Under the local plan, a person arrested for At this time, I enter into the RECORD "moderates" in Hanoi. violation of federal law must be indicted by a column on this problem by George F. But the U.S. vote in the U.N. was clear the grand jury or charged in a complaint by Will, which appeared in the Friday, De capitulation to the forces of extremism in a federal agent within 30 days of the arrest. cember 5, edition of the Washington After public release of the indictment, or the Middle East, and for no clear purpose. complaint, an accused person must be ar Post: Judging from past experience, it is probable that if the U.S. had credibly threatened to raigned on the charges within 10 days. The U.S. CAPITULATION IN THE U.N. person then must go to trial within 60 days (By George F. Will) veto the resolution, Syria would have backed after the arraignment. down, allowing renewal of the mandate of Another tiger of extremism is loose in the the U.N. observers without insisting on the There are several exceptions to the time United Nations, this time with the consent invitation to the PLO. limits set by the plan. of the U.S. government, which could have And it is highly probable that if Syria had In cases where a person is arrested in prevented it. In a last minute policy swerve, another district on pending charges here, the the U.S. dashed Israeli hopes for a veto not backed down, and the mandate had not time periods will not go into effect until the hopes the Israelis felt were firmly based on been renewed, nothing much would have defendant is returned here. U.S. assurances-and voted for a resolution happened. The Syrian government ls not a Time limits set by the plan are also held that the U.S. knew would guarantee partic feast of reason, but it is not crazy enough to up for delays occasioned by hearings on ipation by the Palestine Liberation Organiza contemplate a fair fight, alone, against Israel. mental or physical competency to stand tion in next month's U.N. debate on the The U.S. vote was a giant step in a deplor trial. A missing witness or defendant will Middle East. able direction: it confers legitimacy on a dic also halt the clock on proceedings. The invitation to the PLO was attached tatorial terrorist organization, the PLO, as However, no continuances will be granted to a Security Council resolution extending the representative of the long-suffering Pal under the plan because of crowded court the mandate of the U.N. observer force on estinian people. Perhaps the PLO's ruthless dockets or simply because attorneys agree it the Golan Heights, between Israeli and ness, and the support o! its totalitarian allies would be more convenient to try the case Syrian forces. On the eve of expiration of has made inevitable the ascendency of the another time. the disengagement agreement, Israel agreed PLO. But the U.S. vote was needless com Under the timetable set by the act, (by to renewal. But Syria, aware of the brittle plicity in that ascendency. 1979) a defendant must go to trial within 100 ness of U.S. support for Israel, opposed days or charges will be automatically dis renewal unless it included the invitation to missed. the PLO. This district has not yet implemented that The PLO is an unelected body funded by JOHN ZIELINSKI provision. Arab governments. It is committed to the The local plan doe~ say, however, that 1! use of terrorism in pursuit of the destruc a defendant has not gone to trial within tion of Israel, a U.N. member. HON. WAYNE L. HAYS 100 days through no fault of his own that There is a kind of majestic brazenness to the judge with jurisdiction over his case the Ford administration's argument in de OJ' OHIO must make every effort to release the de fense of itself. The argument is that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fendant on bond although there is no guar U.S.-by supporting a resolution that the Monday, December 8, 1975 antee that the defendant will be released. U.S. knew would result in an invitation to the Chief U.S. District Judge James H. Mere PLO-is not compromising its diplomatic Mr. HAYS of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, dith has pointed out that the local time boycott of the PLO. The administration Christmas is a universal celebration that limits "do not represent a substantial de argues that the PLO ls invited to debate, not belongs to the world at large and is often parture from the courts' criminal procedures negotiate, therefore.... for the last six years." Therefore nothing. expressed by the national conventions of "We've always done our best to move criin The distinction is a distinction without ethnic backgrounds. These customs do inal cases as swiftly as possible," he said. a difference. And the administration's feeble not grow within themselves; they must Meredith also pointed out that the plan argument indicates that the administration be nurtured, and often by a single dedi wm cause two changes in the usual court is ashamed of itself. Why else does it argue cated person. procedures. so foolishly that it has not done what it Such a person is John Zielinski of Because of the time limits, defendants obviously has done? Blaine, Ohio, who feels so strongly about from the Hannibal and Cape Girardeau areas The U.S. voted the way it did for the will be tried in St. Louis in many cases. reason that everything happens in U.S. for the perpetuation of the Polish celebra- At present, a district judge holds court in eign policy: Secretary of State Kissinger com tion of the feast of Christmas that each those districts only two or three times a manded it. As late as Saturday night, Nov. 29, year, as a member of the Polish Coun year. the Israelis were assured that the U.S. would cil No. 50, he generates a traditional CXXI--2467-Part 30 39174 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 Polish Christmas celebration. It is di as being necessary, are being delayed or not making the surveillance of King's ac kept, and the primary excuse which is given tivity as a high priority necessity. Na rected not only to children, for whom it by the Veterans Administration is that the is both historic and religious, but to the vasky noted that Levison had been General Services Administration is unable King's adviser on both legal and finan adult Polish community so that they may to locate a suitable location. relive the Christmas of their youth and The General Services Administration in cial matters from the days of the Bir their ancestors. turn uses for an excuse that the Veterans mingham bus boycott. Mrs. Coretta Administration will not authorize the nec Scott King's memoirs recount Levison's John Zielinski, Wesolych Swiat. essary expenditures for leasing a suitable influence over a 12-year period, noting location. that he was always there "to off er as SOUTHERN NEVADA NEEDS MORE The Veterans Administration admits to sistance • • * always working in the the problems existing here in Southern Ne background, his contribution has been VA MEDICAL ATTENTION vada; but the most important factor is the complaints received by the Committee in the indispensable." past few weeks from our Veterans who a.re Whatever the precise nature of Levi HON. JIM SANTINI having increased problems with obtaining sons contribution which caused the OF NEVADA medication, prosthetics, and the appearance Justice Department to send an official to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of a general cutdown in the services being meet with King to entreat him to have offered at the existing Clinic. (There is an Monday, December 8, 1975 no further contact with Levison-which appointment waiting time of six (6) to King would not do-the public record of Mr. SANTINI. Mr. Speaker, I did want eight (8) weeks) due to the lack of available Communist and pro-Communist affilia to acquaint all of my colleagues with an space and staff, and the ever increasing num- bers of Veterans. · tions and activities of other close associ issue of vital concern to veterans of Again this Committee is requesting your ates of Martin Luther King, Jr., are not southern Nevada--adequate medical assistance for our Veterans; and would ap being brought to the attention of the care. preciate hearing your recommendations on American people by the mass media. Mr. Gene Welsh and many other dedi how to influence the Veterans Administra The activities of these people are quite cated veterans and groups have united tion to keep their promises. together with an impressive demonstra Thank you for your continued support, a di:ff erent matter than the shadowy ac tion of unanimity on this critical issue. Sincerely, tivities of Stanley Levison; and in the The veterans are now attempting to ob EUGENE R. WELSH, Chair_man. December 3, 1975, issue of Review of the tain an independent budgetary status for News, Robert H. Reeder has done a pub the VA clinic in Henderson, Nev. lic service by compiling the public rec I hope the following letter will help ords of a number of top King aides and my colleagues understand the back MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR.'S RELA associates. The article reads: ground and gravity of the problem: TIONSHIP WITH THE COMMU THE KING FILE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE NISTS (By Robert H. Reeder) FOR A V .A. HOSPITAL, Senator Frank Church (D.-Ida.ho) has Las Vegas, Nev., December 7, 1975. HON. LARRY McDONALD turned the Senate Intelligence Committee Hon. ------, into a vehicle for smearing the late F.B.I. Washington, D.C. OF GEORGIA Director J. Edgar Hoover. Hoover's private DEAR ------: Thank you for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES files show that he had become convinced that cooperation received concerning our appeal, Monday, December 8, 1975 Martin Luther King was a person of low stated in the letter of April 21, 1975 (Con moral character who had fallen under the gressional Record-94th Congress-Volume Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. control of the Communists. Church claims 121-Number 82), requesting your support Speaker, it is indeed interesting that to find this absurd. Attorney General Rob of (S-420) and (HR-2546). Washington Post staff reporter Laurence ert Kennedy, however, did not find it absurd Due to your inquiries in our behalf we Stern in a bylined story on December 8, in the lea.st and authorized F.B.I. surveil were able to get an Investigation Team from lance of King-including wiretaps, which the Veterans Administration in Washington 1975, has "revealed" that the identity of were maintained between 1963 and 1966. D.C., to come to Las Vegas. This Team rec the "important secret member of the Those wiretaps and other evidence proved ognized many of the problems pertaining Communist Party" who was discovered that Martin Luther King was indeed a per to the medical needs of Veterans in this by the Federal Bureau of Investigation to son of low moral character who had fallen area. be a major "political influence" on Mar under the control of the Communists. But The Investigation resulted in these tin Luther King, Jr., was New York at Senator Church has, like Richard Nixon, promises being made: torney Stanley Levison. ducked the issue by refusing to release the A health care delivery plan would be de damning tapes. And the "Liberal" press has veloped by the Staff at the Henderson out The article quotes an unnamed cooperated by laboring to create the myth patient Clinic. This was accomplished, in spokesman for the Senate Select Com that Martin Luther King was an innocent spite of unnecessary interference, and for mittee on Intelligence that the formal victim of Director Hoover's bad temper. warded to the Veterans Administration in confirmation of Levison as the King as The F .B.I. has been accused of playing Washington D.C.; however, the promise of sociate who triggered the close FBI mon "dirty tricks" on Martin Luther King. It has the Veterans Administration to take the itoring of King's activities was being kept been accused of threatening to release in necessary action to correct the numerous secret for "national security" reasons. formation in its files that would have been problems uncovered by the Investigation, and this damaging to King's iespectabillty. And al those brought out in the health care plan In context, "national security most nothing has been said about Martin still remains-just a promise. reasons" strongly imply the involvement Luther King's notorious immorality and We were promised designation as an In of a foreign power in the Levison/King Communist associates. The New York Times, dependent Clinic (stlll no such designation); contacts. Has there been an enemy for on November 19, 1975, commented: "The please read the enclosed letters. eign power or powers involved with King committee 1:>taff members said they could These other promises were made elther in and his organization, the Southern find no justification for the bureau's attack writing, in person, or by telephone com Christian Leadership Conference? The on Dr. King." The Senate Intelligence Com munication: answer is "Yes." Both the Russians and mittee would like us to believe that Martin The Independent Clinic would be relocated Luther was under survelllance because he to a more accessible area. their East German subsidiaries have criticized the F.B.I. The Clinic would be enlarged both in size made every effort to court King, his suc We do not know what information 1s 1n and stafHng. cessor, Ralph Abernathy, and the SCLC the substantial F.B.I. file on Dr. King, but The Clinlc would become a twenty-four organization as a whole. If a person were we do know that even the most cursory (24) hour and seven (7) day a week opera acting as a Soviet KGB or East German look at Martin Luther King's public record tion (for emergency care). intelligence agent, all of their contacts should convince the merest tyro that there Beds !or minor surgery and stabilization and all organizations and persons they was very good reason for Director Hoover to would be provided. consider King "dangerous... There would be increased acoommodations influenced would be legitimate subjects Martin Luther King was quoted 1n the for prosthetics and mental care, and faster for intensive investigation. New York World Telegram of July 23, 1964, more tntensifled care for our Veterans. Stern's article cites the 1971 book, as declaring: " [I am] sick and tired of people We have asked the Veterans Administra "Kennedy Justice," by Victor Nava.sky, saying this movement has been infiltrated tion why these changes, recognized by them for a detailed account of Levison's role in by Communists a.nd Communist sympathlz- December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39175 ers. There are aa many Communists i.n this then he told the crowd that, when John free Communist Angela Davis, but in 1972 freedom movement as there are Eskimos in Kennedy was President, Bevel had told peo he was an honored guest of the Soviet Florida." One hardly has to look at the en ple: "If the Vietcong jumped Jackie in my Union and of Communist East Germany tire "freedom movement" to find evidence of back yard, I wouldn't pull them off her." (G.D.R.), where he declared: "As pastor and Communist infiltration-though the level of Wyatt T. Walker, staff aide to Martin theologian, I am of the opinion that the infiltration was overwhelming when the Luther King, was editorial advisor to the G.D.R. embodies what we a.spire to in the whole movement is considered. Rather, to be Marxist-Leninist Progressive Labor Move world." Two hours before his departure he scrupulously fair, let us look directly under ment. He was a familiar supporter of Com told a Communist Party press conference: Dr. King's nose-at those persons closest to munist Fronts. "What we are still fighting for in the U.S.A. him-and see what we find. Myles Horton was director of the High is what has already been achieved in the Hunter Pitts O'Dell came to work for the lander Center, an outgrowth of the High G.D.R." Southern Christian Leadership Conference lander Folk School, in Tennessee, where King The East German Communists gave Aber (S.C.L.C.) late in 1960 as Dr. King's staff was trained. Martin Luther King was in fact nathy a medal, and reported that agents of consultant. In the fall of 1962 he was pro listed as a. sponsor of the Highlander Center their leading religious Front had "for many moted to acting staff director in charge of on its stationery. Horton conceived the High years" been in correspondence with Martin voter registration and integration workshops. lander Folk School, described by a Joint Com Luther King. They presented the "Reverend" During this period, O'Dell was a member of mittee of the Tennessee Legislature as "a Abernathy with a German edition of Coretta the National Committee of the Communist meeting place for known Communists and King's My Life With Martin Luther King. Party. The "Liberal" press ignored it. Finally, fellow travelers." The Georgia Commission on and he declared: "President Kennedy once on October 26, 1961, the St. Louis Globe Education termed it a "Communist Training said in West Berlin that he was a Berliner. Democrat revealed that in 1956 and 1958 School." I want to change that and say: 'I am a Hunter Pitts O'Dell had been identified un James Dombrowski was another member of Citizen of the [Communist] German Demo der oath as a Communist organizer. the Communist Party who was a close friend cratic Republic.' " What did Martin Luther King do? He an and advisor to Martin Luther King. Law en Little wonder that after lengthy investi nounced that he had discharged Comrade forcement authorities obtained a cancelled gation the Joint Legislative Committee on O'Dell. check made out to King from the Communist Un-American Activities for the State of A few months later it was discovered that Front S.C.E.F. which was signed by Dom Louisiana concluded in its three-part Report O'Dell had not been fired but promoted, and browski and Benjamin Smith. Smith, accord on the activities of S.C.E.F. that the Southern was now running King's large New York of ing to Senate James 0. Eastland (D.-Missis Christian Leadership Conference, headed by fice! When the story hit, Dr. King claimed sippi), " ... is registered under the Foreign Martin Luther King, was "substantially to have discharged O'Dell a second time. A Agents Registration Act as an agent of Fidel under the control of the Communist Party subsequent check by U.P.I. determined that Castro." through the infiuence of the Southern Con Hunter Pitts O'Dell of the National Commit In a letter discovered by government in ference Educational Fund [S.C.E.F.] and the tee of the Communist Party was still em vestigators, King wrote to Comrade Dom Communists who manage it." ployed by Dr. Martin Luther King. browski: "Dear Jim: This is just a note to If Martin Luther King was "sick and tired Bayard Rustin is the notorious homo acknowledge receipt of your letters of recent of people saying this movement has been sexual King called "a brilliant, efficient and date. We, too, were more than happy to have infiltrated by Communists and Communist dedicated organizer and one of the best and you in our home, the fellowship was very sympathizers," it was because he knew it most persuasive interpreters of nonviolence." very rewarding .... Very sincerely your.,;, was true. He was secretary and advisor to King from Martin." And so did J. Edgar Hoover and the F.B.I. 1956 to 1960, and went with him to Oslo to Carl and Anne Braden have both been Director Hoover spoke out many times to receive the Nobel Prize in 1964. longtime, notorious members of the Com warn of Communist involvement in the Rustin was an organizer, recruiter, and munist Party working in the Louisville area.. "civil rights" movement. On one occasion, fund-raiser for the Young Communist The Bra.dens, officers of the S.C.E.F., were he said: "We do know that Communist in League, served 28 months in prison during part of the "Louisville Seven"-a group re fluence does exist in the Negro movement World War II for refusing to do work re sponsible for purchasing a house in an all and it is this influence which is vitally im quired of those who were conscientious ob white area of Louisville, selling it to a Negro portant.'' Hoover declared that the Commu jectors, was given 60 days in jail in Califor family, and then dynamiting it to stir up nist Party "strives only to exploit what are nia. for lewd vagrancy in 1953, and while racial trouble. often legitimate Negro complaints and griev working for King was one of only five "im King wrote a letter to the Bradens in 1959 ances for the advancement of Communist partial observers" at the Communist Party's urging them to become permanently asso objectives .... Racial incidents are magni closed-door 16th national convention in 1957. ciated with his Southern Christian Leader fied and dramatized by Communists in an That is only part of the record. ship Conference. effort to generate racial tensions." Fred Shuttlesworth, longtime field secre A photograph taken at the 6th annual con Mrs. Julia Brown is a brave and gracious tary of King's S.C.L.C., was president of the ference of the S.C.L.C. in 1962, and found in Negro lady who spent more than nine years as Southern Conference Educational Fund the files of James Dombrowski, shows Martin a member of the Communist Party in Cleve (S.C.E.F.). This group was thoroughly inves Luther King, Carl and Anne Braden, and land, serving as an undercover operative tigated by Committees of both the House James Dombrowski, and describes King on for the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Ac and Senate and repeatedly found to have the back as "responding to Anne Braden's cording to Mrs. Brown: been a major Communist operation. On No speech." ". . . Mr. King was one of the worst vember 26, 1963, Shuttlesworth was one of Aubrey Williams was president of S.C.E.F. enemies my people ever had. two honored guests at the 15th anniversary until 1963. In 1945 the U.S. Senate rejected "I know that it is considered poor taste to dinner of the National Guardian, described his appointment to a government post be speak ill of the dead. But when someone by a Congressional Committee as "a virtual cause of his aftlliations with the Communist served the enemies of our country while official propaganda a.rm of Soviet Russia." A apparatus. In 1954, Williams was identified alive, and his name is still used by his com former bootlegger, Fred Shuttlesworth's under oath as a member of the Communist rades to promote anti-American activities, Communist, Communist Front, and radical Party by two witnesses. shouldn't people who know the truth speak activities fill three typewritten pages. King Two years later, in 1957, King was photo out? said of Shuttlesworth: "Reverend Shuttles graphed with Williams, Myles Horton, Abner "I learned many surprising things while worth is my principal aide. Why, he gave me Berry (a member of the Central Committee I served in the Communist Party for the my start and he advised me from the very of the Communist Party) , and other Com FBI. Communist leaders told us about the first. I depend on him." rades at a Communist training school in demonstrations that would be started, the James Bevel was Martin Luther King's Tennessee. King referred to Williams as "one protest marches, the demands that would be chief aide in Chicago. He has declared: "We of the noble personalities of our times." made for massive federal intervention. Every must move to destroy Western Capitalism." Ralph David Abernathy was Martin Luther Communist was ordered to help convince At a Black Power rally at Berkeley, California, King's top aide from the time of the Mont American Negroes that we are no better off in 1966 Bevel announced: "One of the prob gomery Bus Boycott. He succeeded King as than slaves. Wherever we went and whatever lems of not being able to burn down the head of the S.C.L.C. Abernathy accompanied we did, we were to promote race conscious slums of Chicago 1s at this point not having Dr. King to that Communist training school ness and resentment, because the Commu the proper discipline required for _the prob in Tennessee in 1957. And they had more nists know that the technique of divide and lems of carrying out that kind of a mission. than their radical commitment in common. conquer really works. That is why we haven't burned it down ...• In the 1958 case of Alabama v. Davis, sworn "We were also told to promote Martin Lu We are going to be pa.rt of an international testimony was introduced regarding sexual ther King, to unite Negroes and whites be revolution to end slavery .... I guess I hate aberrations commi.tted by Abernathy on a hind him, and to turn him into some sort of Western Civilization more than most peo 15-year-old girl who sang in the choir of national hero. We were to look to King as ple ...." his church. the leader in this struggle, the Communists The "Reverend" Bevel continued to em Not only is Abernathy an active supporter said, because he was on our side! phasize the destruction of capitalism, and of such Communist causes as the eft'ort to "I know they were right, because while I 39176 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 was in the Communist Party I learned that Two years ago, Brazil, Argentina, and that, which are conceded to be consumer Martin Luther King attended a Communist Paraguay signed agreements covering the and member-oriented--one begins to wonder training school. I learned that several of his construction of two and possibly three about our whole approach to governing and a.ides and assistants were Communists, that to protecting the individual. he received funds from Communists, and major hydroelectric systems on the Up Isn't it time to regulate the regulators? that he was taking directions from Commu per Parana River. When are we going to protect the individual nists. The preliminary work has moved for from his "protectors" And above all, when "Most Americans never look at the Com ward on the giant project at Itaipu on the does "protection" and bureaucratic regula munist press in this country. If they did, border between Paraguay and Brazil, tion infringe upon individual liberties and they would learn that the Communists loved which is just a few miles above the world the rights and freedoms that our forefathers Martin Luther King. He was one of their famous Iguazu Falls. sought 200 years ago? Perhaps the most sig biggest heroes. And I know for a fact the General Stroessner shows far sighted nificant observance of the nation's bicen Communists would never have promoted him, tennial year would be Congressional action financed him, and supported him if they visions as the President of Paraguay in to restore liberty by restraining the regula couldn't trust him. He carried out their or building this dam which will be the single tors, protecting our freedom from "protec ders just as slavishly as Party members in largest hydroelectric dam in the world. ors," and revising some of the ridiculous pro Cleveland, Ohio." Costing $5 billion, it will provide 12.5 mil visions of such well-intentioned laws as the Little wonder that F.B.I. Director J. Edgar lion kilowatts of low cost electricity. Privacy Act, which has caused some federal Hoover called Martin Luther King "the most President Stroessner has maintained a government employees to refuse to give the notorious liar in the country.'" stable and peaceful country in the midst telephone number of a colleague sitting in We do not know what additiona.l informa of so much confusion in South America. the same office for fear of breaking the law! tion Mr. Hoover had on King, but after years His consistent and solid friendship has There is evidence that the backlash against of electronic surveillance he certainly knew excessive regulation and "protection" ls mak much more than we have been able to present been the major factor in maintaining the ing itself felt both in the Congress and the in this brief survey from the public record. strong friendship with the close working Executive Branch. Evidence of this backlash Yet the Senate Intelligence Committee has relationships that the United States has is the House passage of the Consumer Pro refused to release the F.B.I. file on King. with Paraguay. tection Agency blll in 1974 by a vote of 293- They chose instead to attack the F.B.I. for 94. Last month the House vote on virtually using "dirty tricks," and members of the the same bill was 208-199. Other Con Committee staff said "they could find no gressional reactions include expedited action justification for the bureau's attack on Dr. IS GOVERNMENT KILLING THE to modify RESPA, rejection of the Truth-in King." Incredibly, a U.P.I. release on Novem- CONSUMER? Savings provision of FIA by the Senate Bank ber 19, 1975, declared: "A top FBI official said ing Committee, and the initiation recently Wednesday that the Bureau had no legal by the Senate Government Committee, joint justification for its smear campaign against ly with the Senate Commerce Committee, of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. but suspected, HON. GEORGE HANSEN OF IDAHO an investigation and study of Federal regula without evidence, he might be under 'Com tory agencies. President Ford has declared munist influence.' " IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that he wants small business released from "Suspected, without evidence.... " That Monday, December 8, 1975 the shackles of federal red tape: "I want ls, as we have seen, simply not true. And the to end unnecessary, unfair, and unclear distortion is intended to damage the reputa Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, a telling regulations-and needless paper work." Rep. tion of both the F .B .I. and the late Director story of what "big government" is doing Wright Patman (D-Tex.) recently told his J. Edgar Hoover. to the private citizen and to the busi constituents that he is co-sponsoring a bill John J. McDermott, Assistant Director of ness sector of our economy is found in (HR 9313) with 24 other Representatives "to the F.B.I., spoke on November 21, 1975, before establish procedures for regular Congression a Connecticut group which aids families of the December 1975, issue of Credit Union magazine under "Capital Events." al review of all Federal agency rules." Under policemen, firemen, and corrections officers the bill Congress could, by simple resolution killed in the line of duty. He said the F .B.I.'s It is good to see that many key peo within 60 days after a regulation is proposed six-year surveillance of Martin Luther King ple in Government are finally beginning 'veto' ·any such decree that "is contrary to was justified because of concern that King to wake up. The question is, will they or inconsistent with Congressional intent or was influenced by subversives. He put it this go to work with an ax and get some which goes beyond the mandate of the law." way: "We did what we felt we had to do for President Ford places the annual cost of un the welfare of the nation at the time. Don't results or will they pay lipservice to the problem while they whittle around the necessary and wasteful regulatory policies at forget they [radicals and Communists] were $2,000 per family-a total cost to the Amer bombing the Pentagon. They said they were edges with a pen knife? ican taxpayer of an estimated $130 billion. going to shut down the government." An The article as written by the maga In an article a few months ago, the U.S. other F .B.I. official reminded us that the zine's Washington correspondent, George News and World Report listed 15 specified King projects "were started at a time when federal agencies plus "other agencies" with cities were being burned. . . ." Myers, is as follows: Is Government kllling the consumer with 63,444 employees who perform regulatory We believe most Americans would agree functions, and commented: "Consensus is that our law enforcement authorities should protection? Has it protected the individual to the point of denying him opportunity? Has widening among politicians, businessmen keep under surveillance any person or group and consumer groups that such agencies- about which there ls substantial evidence of it made a fetish of privacy, thus denying some freedoms? Those are some of the ques designed to protect the public from market involvement in such crimes as revolutionary place excesses such as monopoly, fraud, and violence, Communist subversion, and con tions that people are beginning to think about as the nation wallows in a flood of inequity-a.re no longer working effectively spiracy with agents of a foreign power to in today's society... " overthrow the U.S. Government by force and regulations, red tape, and "protective" laws. violence. To the extent rthe F.B.I. maintained A credit union manager protests: "What is Senator Thomas J. Mcintyre (D-N.H.), such surveillance under J. Edgar Hoover, going on there in Washington? As a result chairman of the Senate Subcommittee on we heartily applaud its efforts. of RESPA (Real Estate Settlement Proce Government Regulation, estimates that the dures Act) my credit union has discontinued paperwork burden generated by the federal all home mortgage lending.'' From a defense government drains more than $18 billion a credit union comes the plea: "Can't we do year from American business. Rep. Frank PARAGUAY HYDROELECTRIC DAM something about the Privacy Act? We can't Horton (R--N.Y.), ranking Republican on the get the basic information from the military House Government Operations Committee, to act upon a young enlisted man's emer puts the cost to the nation's economy more HON. JAMES M. COLLINS gency loan application." Another credit union than $40 billion. OF TEXAS manager in frustration declares, "It seems IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES apparent that some consumer protection acts give added protection to 'deadbeats'-and Monday, December 8, 1975 they are the people who use the technicali ANNOUNCEMENT OF HEARINGS ON FBI OVERSIGHT Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, ties of the law or regulation to the utmost." Another credit union officer comments, "It's when our American Ambassador to Para getting so that I hesitate to talk to a mem guay was in Washington this week, he ber for fear that in friendly conversation HON. DON EDWARDS came by so that we could review the con I'll inadvertently ask a question about the OF CALIFORNIA tinuing progress of the Paraguay-Brazil spouse that is prohibited by some regula IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hydroelectric dam. Here in Congress tion or by the Equal Credit Opportunity Monday, December 8, 1975 many of us are very much concerned with Act!" When you realize that these com the economic development of our friends plaints come from one small segment of the Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. in South America. financial world-and from credit unions, at Speaker, I wish to announce that the December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF R£MARKS 39177 Subcommittee on Civil and Constitu It seems logical, therefore, to ask Colorado its director. In doing so, the Attorney Gen tional Rights of the House Committee on legislators in Washington to reduce the size eral issued the following statement defining of the boundaries. Lowering the .area. to the bureau's role: the Judiciary will contiriue its series of around 120,000 acres would permit Denver There is always the possibility that a hearings on FBI oversight and will hold to divert its waiter by gravity, saving the $1 secret police may become a menace to free 2 days of public hearings on Thursday, million. government and free institutions because it December 11, and Friday, December 12. Such a move not only wlll avert drought carries With it the possibility of abuses of These 2 hearing days will complete dangers but save metro water users from power which a.re not always quickly appre the hearings begun on October 21, 1975, having to pa.y the $1 milUon annually. hended or understood . . . inquiring into the fac.ts and circum Citizens, therefore, should make Sena.tor It is important that its activities be strict stances surrounding the letter written by Haskell and other state lawmakers aware of ly limited to the performance of those func their desires. The wilderness need not be tions for which it was created and that its Lee Harvey Oswald, several days before drawn in such a way a.s to penalize Denver agents themselves be not above the law or the assassination of President John F. area citizens. beyond its reach ... The Bureau of Investi Kennedy containing alleged threats, re The U.S. Forest Service wants only 87,000 gation is not concerned with political or ceived by the Dallas office of the FBI and acres in the Eagles Nest Wilderness. It be other opinions of individuals. It is con subsequently destroyed. lieves this area. is the true wilderness-ithe cerned only with their conduct and then Testimony will be received from area which is a geographical unit and can be only with such conduct as is forbidden by J. Gordon Shanklin, a retired special defended administratively as wilderness. the laws of the United States. When a. police agent who was in charge of the Dallas By contrast, the rival plan meanders across system passes beyond these limits, it is dan slopes and comes very close to condominium gerous to the proper administration of jus field office in November 1963, and from developments in the Frisco airea. We doubt tice and to human liberty, which it should James P. Hosty, Jr., Kenneth C. Howe, this is what the Congress had in mind when be our first concern to cherish. and Nan Fenner, all presently employed it passed the 1964 .a.ot. These a.re words worth remembering, with the FBI and who were with the In any case, a. compromise to ensure the worth rolling reflectively on the tongue. For Dallas field office in November 1963. Denver region the opportunity of drawing its they are not only prescient and prophetic, The hearings will commence at 9:30 water supply by gravity is much to be pre they are alive with political realism-the a.m. on both days, and the hearing on ferred to exorbitant pumpinug fees in pros kind of realism that led the founders of the pect under the Haskell measure. republic to limit the powers of government December 11 will be in room 2226, Ray We hope, therefore, tha.t our congressional by a. written Constitution. burn House Office Building, and the delegate will see the necessity of making a As everyone knows, the new bureau flour hearing on December 12 will be in room trim on the Haskell wilderness area.. The ished, achieving a great reputation for hon 2237, Rayburn House Office Building. alternative is an unnecessary extravagance. esty about money matters and for efficiency in capturing automobile thieves, bank rob bers and kidnappers. Mr. Hoover had a flair for publicity as well a.s a genius for effective EAGLES NEST WILDERNF.SS ISSUES organization. Soon the FBI, with its labora RENAMING OF FBI BUILDING tories and advanced crime detection tech niques and daring G-men, became not only HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER the scourge of criminals but the most ad HON. JAMES H. SCHEUER mired of all federal agencies. OF COLORADO OF NEW YORK It should be said in defense of Mr. Hoover IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that he did not initially reach out !or pow Monday, December 8, 197 5 Monday, December 8, 1975 er; power was thrust upon him. In 1939, With Ainerican involvement in the Second World Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, later Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, I would War at hand, President Roosevelt instructed this week the Subcommittee on Public like to place in the RECORD in behalf of the FBI to take charge of all investigation Lands of the Committee on Interior and myself and my colleagu·e, Representa "relating to espionage, counterespionage, Insular Affairs will begin markup on the tive CHARLES RANGEL, two editorials sabotage, subversive activities, and violation in of the neutrality laws." There were three Eagles Nest Wilderness area Colorado. which appeared in yesterday's Washing things wrong With this: I have been supporting, and will con ton Post. The first, written by the distin First, it was without any statutory basis. tinue to support, S. 268, Senator FLOYD guished editorialist Alan Barth, is a bril Congress had authorized a Division of In HASKELL'S Eagles Nest Wilderness bill. liant and thoughtful retrospective analy vestigation in the Department of Justice However, the following December 2 Den sis of the FBI and its excessively pow which afforded an adequate foundation !or a ver Post editorial presents an opposing erful former director, J. Edgar Hoover. Bureau of Investigation to do what Attorney view which, in the interest of fairness, I The second, by the editors of the Post, General Stone empowered the bureau to do wish 'to share with my colleagues: presents the argument which serves as in the area. of law enforcement. But Con gress had not then, and has never since, au TRIM WILDERNESS AREA SIZE the basis for the bill, which I am cospon thorized any agency of the Department of On Dec. 12 the public lands subcommittee soring along with Representatives Justice to take charge of counter-intelli of the U.S. Interior Committee in Congress GUDE, RANGEL, SCHROEDER, and others, to gence although it has, to be sure, repeatedly will begin mark-up sessions on a blll of rename the massive J. Edgar Hoover approved appropriations to carry on such ac crucial importance to the metro Denver area.. FBI Building simply "The FBI Building." tivities. The committee, chaired by Rep. John The Congress and the Nation must take Mr. Roosevelt went still further. He author Melcher, D-Mont., will consider wilderness action to prevent such devastating ized the FBI, with the approval of the At bllls which could cost our citizens $1 million abuses as are now coming to light from torney General, to tap telephones in national extra. ~h year in water bill charges. security cases, although this entailed a direct At stake is the configuration of the Eagles reoccurring. It is inappropriate, to say violation of an act of Congress, the Federal Nest Wilderness area in the Gore Range west the least, to immortalize the man re Communications Act of 1934. of Denver. As passed by the U.S. Senate 130,- sponsible for the abuses and the grow Second, this assignment took the FBI into 000 a.ere would be set aside as permanent ing lack of public trust in a once-revered a field where it had no real competence or ex wilderness under terms of the 1964 Wilder Federal agency. perience. Counter-intelligence is not the nor ness Aot. The articles follow: mal work of a. law enforcement agency and is But by doing so, the Denver area's future far too important to be left to policemen. Mr. "CONTROLLING THE FBI" water supply would be endangered. The way Hoover seriously believed that actors and the lines are drawn (there can be no con (By Alan Barth) actresses who gave ambulances to loyalist struction projects in a wilderness) Denver In thinking about the future of the FBl Spa.in or entertained at Soviet-American ral could recover water flowing from the wilder it may be useful to look at its origins and lies when the two countries were allied in ness only by costly pumping projects. If the at the pattern of its growth. The FBI was war were perils to American security. He seri borders are ma.de slightly smaller this water created in 1924 by Harlan Fiske Stone when ously believed that a. minister of religion who could move by gravity. he was Attorney General of the United militantly sought equal rights for black At a time when the nation needs to save States, before his elevation to the Supreme Americans was bound to be a Communist energy is 1s estimated that the Senate bill Court. One of his first acts when he took agent. Mr. Hoover sincerely equated political sponsored by Sen. Floyd Haskell, D-Colo., charge of the Department of Justice was to heterodoxy with disloyalty and pursued it re would use enough extra electricity to light abolish the Division of Investigation which lentlessly as "subversive." the homes of 75,000 people. had become mired in politics and had played Third, the President's directive not only Thart; 1s a substantial a.mount of power to an ugly pa.rt in the arrest and deportation tremendously expanded the FBI's power but waste. It is estimated the cost would be $1 of a.liens under the Attorney Generalship also radically changed its focus. Indeed, it million-just to pump the WQter the awk of A. Mitchell Palmer. In its place, Stone brought the FBI right back into the political wardly drawn wilderness borders would dic established a Bureau of Investigation, choos area from which former Attorney General tate. ing a young man named J. Edgar Hoover as Stone had removed it, the constitutionally 39178 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 protected area. o! political opinion a.nd a.ssocl the minds of millions of Americans. We were the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a small AP a.tlon. Subversive activities are essentlaly po not then staring at a reputation in ruins. wire story that ran in the December 4, litical activities displeasing to those in power It was not known and documented in 1972 but not necessarily criminal in character. that Mr. Hoover's towering hatred for the 1975, Washington Star: A few years later, in 1947, President Tru Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. led him to QUOTAS WEIGH'ED ON RICE OUTPUT man-also without any legislative authoriza use the power of his agency for unlawful Agriculture Secretary Earl L. Butz said tion-gave the FBI full responsibility under wiretaps, harassment, intimidation and ugly yesterday that he may have to "impose severe the Federal Loyalty Program for investigat poison pen communication. It also wasn't quotas" by the end of the month on 1976 rice ing the suitab111ty and trustworthiness of known in 1972 that Mr. Hoover authorized production in the United States. government employees and of applicants for his agents to join protest groups, encourage Going a step further than he had earlier government jobs. Relying on accusations by lllegal activities and then entrap and arrest in the week, Butz told the Senate Agriculture unidentified informers, many of them form the protesters. Mr. Hoover, in other words, Committee that he foresees a cutback to the er Communists, the FBI became, in effect, the was not known until recently as the flagrant legal minimum quota of 1.56 million acres. definer of patriotism, the arbiter of political violator of the law he has since been shown The law requires quotas to be imposed if acceptability. to have been. rice surpluses develop, he said. No wonder Mr. Hoover became a. kind of As Alan Barth demonstrates in an article The House has pending a new two-year Lord High Executioner, a law unto himself. on the opposite page, Mr. Hoover grossly per rice production measure. Rice prices are high, No President governed him, no Attorney Gen verted the mission of his agency, admittedly he said, despite food supplies and so the crop eral ruled him, no Congress fixed boundaries with the help o! underlings and of timorous is backing up. for his roving authority. And so, step by step, and permissive Presidents and congressional we got unlimited surveillance, indiscriminate overseers. The FBI was created to replace an bugging and taping and reading of our mail. agency, the Division of Investigation, that Cointelpro and black bag jobs and official had become notorious for political intimida blackmail and all the other attributes of a tion. The very purpose of the FBI's creation AMBASSADOR BUNKER ON THE police state that have become the common was to break wirth the pa.st a.buses of Attor PANAMA CANAL NEGOTIATIONS place in newspaper reports in recent weeks. ney General A. Mitchell Palmer. As Mr. Barth The FBI became, in truth, precisely what At points out, "The FBI became, in truth, what torney General Stone warned against--"a Attorney General Harlan F. Stone warned HON. LEE H. HAMIL TON menace to free government and free institu agalnst--'a menace to free government and OF INDIANA tions." free institutions.'" IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Stone's words are still not heeded, more We name public property for public serv over. The incumbent director of the FBI ants to honor them and to invite their emu Monday, December 8, 1975 found himself capable of saying in 1975- laition by the generations that follow. we Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I without a perceptible tremor of embarrass expect our young people to see the names of would like to bring to the attention of ment--that "we must be willing to surrender such servants and to inquire a.bout their a small measure of our liberties to preserve good works and to go and do likewise. By per my colleagues an important speech Am the great bulk of them." Is liberty really now mitting Mr. Hoover's name to grace a large bassador Ellsworth Bunker gave Decem no more than a luxury, and a liab111ty, in a and conspicuous public edifice, we implicitly ber 2 in Los Angeles on the status of the nation that has grown to greatness under it? condone the abuse of power, the vindictive Panama Canal negotiations for a new Echoes of the tragic pa.st! Must we destroy abridgement of fundrunenteJ. freedoms and treaty arrangement between the United the Constitution in order to save it? the flagrant unfairness that Mr. Hoover's FBI States and the Republic of Panama. The FBI is not going to be brought under regularly practiced. It is clear that the Congress will have control by any congressional oversight com There will be those who will argue that the to focus on this important foreign pol mittee--whlch will be told no more than the deed is done. The name of Mr. G-Man is FBI wants it to know. It can be brought mounted in bronze, the dedication has come icy issue in the coming months. Ambas under control only by first being cut down to and gone. What's in a name, after all? If we sador Bunker's remarks provide a use size--by having its role firmly defined by take down this name, will there not be an ful background on the subject. Congress, so that it becomes what it was orgy of revisionism in which many names He notes, in particular, that-- meant to be in the first place, a law enforce come down? Mr. Hoover poses a unique prob lem. He himself was the most powerful lobby The real choice before us is not between ment agency concerned, as Harlan Stone put the existing treaty and a new one but rather it, "only with such conduct as ls forbidden by for the building and for having it bear his name. He knew how to manipulate the sys between a new treaty and what wlll happen the laws of the United States." if we should fail to achieve a new treaty. The elephantine growth of the FBI is su tem as well as anyone, and he prevailed. But perbly symbolized-perhaps it would be bet he prevailed because his true record was hid His speech follows: ter to say embodied-in the mammoth, and den in the dim recesses o! the FBI's files, THE PANAMA CANAL NEGOTIATIONS: POPU monstrous, edifice that now stands athwart a.vaUable in th.at day to no one not trusted LAR MYTHS AND POLITICAL REALITIES by Mr. Hoover. Now that his record has come Pennsylvania. Avenue like a brooding Bastllle (Remarks by Ambassador Ellsworth and ls identified by golden letters across its out, Congress must at long last stand up to portals as the J. Edgar Hoover FBI Building. J. Edgar Hoover. Rep. Gilbert Gude (R-Md.) Bunker) If it cannot be razed, could the House of and several colleagues have proposed just I am here today to discuss with you the Representatives not take it as a fourth, fifth calling the structure at 9th and Pennsyl Panama. Canal negotiations. or sixth office building, instead of taking the vania. "the FBI Building.'' The idea ought to It is a controversial subject that has new congressional library annex? Then the have particular appeal to the FBI, which has evoked emotion and opposition. FBI could be appropriately returned to the a lot to live down if it is to regain public But my travels in the United States, the Department of Justice as a subordinate agen trust. letters I get from concerned citizens, the cy of that instrument of government. articles I read in the press, and my many At the very least can it not be renamed consultations with Congressmen have con say, the Harlan Fiske Stone Building--as a RICE SURPLUS HURTS vinced me that much of this opposition memorial not to our past folly but to the stems !rom a number of false impressions true character of our country, where liberty about the basis for our presence in the is valued alike as a means and as an end, and HON. J. J. PICKLE Canal Zone. where a government of laws stlll prevails? OF TEXAS Because of this, I would like today to talk about the background of the problem we IN THE HOUSE OF' REPRESENTATIVES face and comment on some of the myths WHAT'S IN A NAME? Monday, December 8, 197 5 surrounding the canal treaty and negotia If Congress were voting today on the ques tions. tion of what to call the new FBI Building, Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, soon we are And I want to talk about the political we'd like to believe that the name of J. Edgar going to have a rice bill before us. This realities which make it desirable, in my Hoover would not be considered, even :fleet- bill has been hailed as a boon to the con- Judgment, to bring the negotiations to an ingly. In October of 1972, when the decision sumers by those who do not have the early and satisfactory conclusion. was made to name the uncompleted building By speaking to you today I am departing after Mr. Hoover, the record of his perform facts. from a practice I have long followed. ance as FBI director was, to put it mildly, We do not need to increase rice produc Previously, while serving as a negotiator, incomplete. There were indications that he tion to get lower prices for the consumer I have avoided making public statements. had been petty and vindictive in his treat because the facts show right now we have I am here today because this negotiation ment of black protesters and antiwar dis a substantial rice surplus and high is unique. senters. He was thought to have amassed prices. More rice will not mean lower No effort to improve our policy concerntng dossiers on members of Congress and other the canal can succeed without the full under public officials. But such rumblings were prices for the rice eater. It may just mean standing and support of the Congress and largely speculative. Mr. Hoover's reputation, fewer rice producers and higher and the American people. in other words, was stlll more or less intact higher prices. Our presence in the canal has a constitu three years ago. H1s myth was stlll strong in To prove my Point, I want to put into ency among the American people--but our December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39179 negotiations to solve our problem there do Now some have held that the mere men and Congress have the facts they need 1f they not. tion by United States officials of the possi are going to make wise decisions about the ' So, if we are to gain support, we must b111ty of violence over the canal will help to canal. find it through candid and reasonable public assure that such violence occurs. Unfortunately, the basis for our presence discussion. I am aware of that concern, but I believe ln the Zone ls widely misunderstood. THE EVOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM the situation demands candor. Indeed, a number of myths have been built It would be irresponsible to fall to point up over the years-about Panama's Inten Our story begins 72 years ago. out to the American people the possible, tions and capab111ties, about the need for In 1903 the newly-independent Republlc indeed the likely, consequences of inaction. perpetuity, and-most iinporta.nt--about of Panama granted to the United States-in It is my firm belief that failure to con ownership and sovereignty. the Ha.y-Buna.u-Varilla Treaty-a strip of clude a reasonable treaty can only work to We need to replace these myths with an land 10 miles wide and 50 miles long for the dam.age the interests we seek protect. accurate understanding of the facts. construction, maintenance, operation and to As we contemplate this situation we should First, there is the matter of Panama's in protection of a. canal between the Atlantic understand that the canal's physical char tentions and capab111ties-and the sugges and Pacific. acteristics make it vulherable. tion that a new treaty will somehow lead to The treaty also gave the United States The canal is a narrow channel fifty miles the canal's closure and loss. in perpetuity-the right to act within that long. The fact is that Panama's interest in keep strip of land as "if it were the sovereign." It operates by the gravity flow of water ing the canal open is far greater than ours. It was quickly and widely acknowledged and depends for its efficient operation on an Pana.ma. derives more income from the that the treaty favored the United States. integrated system of locks, dams and other canal than from any other single revenue When Secretary of State John Hay sub vital facillties. producing source. mitted the treaty to the Senate for ratifica At best, it ls susceptible to interruption. Even so, some argue, canal operations tion he said: And interruptions would mean not only would suffer because Panamanians lack the "We shall have a treaty very satisfactory, reduced service to world shipping but lower technical aptitude and the inclination to vastly advantageous to the U.S., and, we revenues. manage the operation of the canal. must confess, not so advantageous to Pan But the most enduring costs of confronta The fa.ct is that Panamanians already ama." comprise over three-fourths of the employ For many years Panama has considered tion over the canal would not be commercial. OUr Latin American neighbors see in our ees of the canal enterprise. the treaty to be heavily weighted in our handling of the Panama negotiations a test No one who has been to Panama and seen favor. of our political intentions in the hemisphere. its increasingly diversified economy can per As a result, the level of Panama's consent Moreover, the importance of the canal, and suasively argue that the Panamanians would to our presence has steadily declined. our contribution to it, are recognized not be able to keep the canal operating ef And by Panama, I mean not simply the throughout the world. fectively and efficiently. government, but the Panamanian people. It is a measure of our standing a.nd the These considerations indicate that The Panamanians point out: respect in which we are held that people Panama's participation in the canal can pro First, that the existence of the Canal Zone everywhere-including, I am sure, your vide it with a greater incentive to help keep iinpedes Panama's development. selves-expect the United States to be able the canal open and operating efficiently. The Canal Zone cuts across the heartland to work out an arrangement with Panama In fact, the most likely avenue to the of Panama's territory, dividing the nation in that wm guarantee the continued operation canal's closure and loss would be to main two. of the canal in the service of the world tain the status quo. The existence of the Zone curbs the nat community. Second, there ts the notion that the canal ural growth of Panama's urban areas. Were we to fall-particularly in light of cannot be adequately secured unless the It holds, unused, large areas of land vital to the opportunity created by the negotia United States rights there are guaranteed in Panama's development. tions-we would in a sense be betraying perpetuity-as stipulated in the 1903 Treaty. It controls all the major deep-water port America's wider, long-term interests. I can say this: to adhere to the concept of facilities serving Panama. The plain fa.ct of the matter ts that geog perpetuity in today's world is not only un And it prevents Panamanians from com raphy, history and the economic and politi realistic but dangerous. peting with American commercial enterprises cal imperatives of our time compel the Our rellance on the exercise of rights in in the Zone. United States and Panama to a joint venture perpetuity has become a source of persistent And for the rights we enjoy on Panamanian in the Panama Cana.I. tension in Panama. territory, we pay Panama only $2.3 million a We must learn to comport ourselves as And clearly, an international relationship year. partners and friends, of this nature negotiated more than seventy Second, that the Canal Zone infringes on Preserving what is essential to each; years ago cannot be expected to last forever Panama's nationhood. Protecting and making more efficient an without adjustment. Panama says the privileges exercised by the important international line of communica Indeed, a relationship of this kind which United States deprive their country of dig tion; does not provide for the possiblllty of nity and, indeed, of full independence. And, I suggest, creating an example for periodic mutual revisions and adjustment ls Within the Canal Zone the United States the world of a small nation and a. large one bound to jeopardize the very interest that operates a full-fledged government without working peacefully and profitably together. perpetuity was designed to protect. reference to the Government of Panama, In sum, we are negotiating because we see Third and finally, there are two miscon which ls its host. a new treaty arrangement as the most prac ceptions that are often discussed together: It maintains a police force, courts, and tical means of protecting our interests. ownership and sovereignty. jails to enforce United States laws, not only If we try to maintain the status quo we Some Americans assert that we own the upon Americans, but upon Panamanian citi will face mounting hostll1ty in both Pana.ma canal; that we bought and pa.id for it, just zens as well. and Latin America-and possible loss of the like Ala.ska or Louisiana. And, the Panamanians point out, the treaty very interest we want to preserve. If we give it a.way, they say, won't Alaska says the United States can do all these things But a new arrangement based on partner or Louisiana be next? forever. ship promises a greater assurance of safe Others assert that we have sovereignty Panamanian frustration over this situation guarding that interest--a canal that ts open, over the Canal Zone. has increased steadily over the years. safe. efficient, and neutral. They say that sovereignty is essential to In January 1964, demonstrations and riots The real choice before us is not between our needs-that loss of United States sov took place which cost the lives of 21 Pana the existing treaty and a new one but rather ereignty would impair our control of the manians and 3 Americans. canal and our ability to defend it. Diplomatic relations were broken. between a new treaty and what_will happen if we should fall to achieve a new treaty. I recognize that these thoughts have a As part of the settlement we reached with basic appeal to a people justly proud of one Panama then, President Johnson, after con These, then, are some of the political realities we face in Panama. of our country's great accomplishments. sultation with Presidents Truman and Eisen The construction of the canal was an hower, committed the United States to nego MYTH AND REALITY: THE VIEW FROM THE American achievement where others had tiate a new treaty. UNITED STATES failed. In our negotiations we are attempting to We must face political realities here at It was every bit as great an achievement lay the foundations for a new-a more mod home as well. for its era as sending Americans to the moon ern-relationship which will enlist Pana we ~ know that a treaty must receive the is for ours. manian cooperation and better protect our advice and consent of two-thirds of the Sen It ls an historic success that wlll always interests. ate of the United States. be held to America's credit. Unless we succeed, I believe that Panama's And we expect that both Houses of Con But let us look at the truth about owner consent to our presence will continue to de gress will be asked to approve iinplementlng ship and sovereignty. cline-and at an ever more rapid rate. legislation. The United States does not own the Pan Some form of conflict in Panama would There ls opposition in Congress to a new ama Canal Zone. seem virtually certain--and it would be treaty; it reflects to a considerable degree the Contrary to the belief of many Americans, the kind of conflict. which would be costly sentiments of many citizens. the United States did not purchase the for all concerned. Our job ls to make sure that the public Canal Zone for $10 milUon in 1903. 39180 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 Rather, the money we gave Panama then For over 16 months now we have been dis SOCIALISM RUINS BUSINESS was in return for the rights which Panama cussing the substantive issues involved granted. us by the treaty. again, with the helpful support of the De We bought Louisiana; we bought Alaska. partment of Defense. HON. JAMES M. COLLINS In Panama we bought not territory, but Indeed, our most senior military officials OF TEXAS rights. regard the partnership we are attempting to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Sovereignty is perhaps the major issue form as the most practical means of preserv raised by opponents of a new treaty. ing what is militarily important to our Monday, December 8, 1975 rt is clear that under law we do not have country respecting the Panama Canal. Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, sovereignty in Panama. We have reached agreement in principle as I read the UPI story with the headline The Treaty of 1903 did not confer sover with the Panamians on three major issues: "British Movie Industry in Ruins," I was eignty, but speaks of rights the United S~te~ Jurisdiction: Jurisdiction over the Zone would exercise as "if it were the sovereign. area will pass to Panama in a transl tional distressed to see the impact of socialism From as early as 1905, United States offi fashion. • in England on this splendid industry. cials have acknowledged repeatedly that The United States will retain the right to When we think back just a few years Panama retains at least titular sovereignty use those areas necessary for the opera ago, to the courage and determination over the Zone. tion, maintenance and defense of the canal. that England showed in the Battle of The 1936 Treaty with Panama actually re Canal Operation: During the treaty's life Britain, we are astounded at the dam fers to the Zone as "territory of the Republic time the United States will have the primary age socialism has done. In trying to buy of Panama under the jurisdiction of the responsibility for the operation of the canal. :fi United States." There will be a growing participation of security, all England has bought is Thus, our presence in the Zone is based Panamanian nationals at all levels in day nancial disaster. As Vernon Scott says in on t reaty rights, not on sovereignty. to-day operations in preparation for Pan the article, the English have lost the It is time to stop debating these historical ama's assumption of responsiblllty for canal will to work. Like hospitalized patients, and legal questions. operaition at the treaty's termination. they have lost the will to recover. It is time to look to the future, and to The Panamanian negotiators understand As Scott sums up the situation, the find the best means for assuring that our that there are a great many positions for English need to again acquire the Amer country's real interests in the canal will be which training will be required over a long protected. period of time, and that the only sensible ican spirit in creative talent t.o inspire What are our real interests? course is for Panamanian participation to them. As I see socialistic plans that are we want a canal that ls open to all the begin in a modest way and grow gradually. brought before our Congress everyday, I world's shipping-a canal that remains neu Canal Defense: Panama recognizes the im wonder whether the United States is tral and unaffected by international dis portance of the canal for our security. moving faster down the road to socialism putes. As a result, the United States will have which will lead our country into the we want a canal that operates efllciently, primary responsibllity for the defense of the same financial despair that socialism al profitably, and at rates fair to the world's canal during the life of the treaty. ways brings. shippers. Panama will grant the United Strutes "use We want a canal that is as secure as possi rights" for defending the waterway; and Here are the key points in Vernon ble from sabotage or mllitary threat. Panama will participate in canal defense Scott's story for UPI from Hollywood: And we want full and fair treatment for in accordance with its capabilities. BRITISH MOVIE INDUSTRY IN RUINS our citizens who have so ably served in the Several other issues remain to be resolved. Today England's movie industry lies in Canal Zone. They concern: ruins. The negotiations we are now conducting The amount of economic benefits to Pan Where once 10 studios flourished, only two with Panama for a new treaty will ensure ama; are operating-Pinewood and Elstree, the that all these interests of our country are The right of the United States to expand latter barely hanging on. protected. the canal should we Wish to do so; Even British stars of the era have faded Let me now talk a bit about where we are The size and location of the land and David Hemmings, Peter O'Toole, David War in the negotiations. water areas we will need for canal opera ner, Alan Bates, Tom Courtenay, the Red During the past two years, the negotia tion and defense; grave sisters. tions have proceeded step by step through A mutually acceptable formula for the Standing almost alone in the wreckage is three stages. canal's neutrality and nondiscriminatory op producer Euan Lloyd. Stage 1 ended in early 1974 when Secretary eration of the canal after the treaty's ter "I still live in London and I pay Engllsh of State Kissinger went to Pana.ma to ini mination; and taxes," said Lloyd whose new picture, "Paper tial with the Panamian Foreign Minister Finally, the duration of the new treaty. Tiger," (starring David Niven) has just been a set of eight "Principles." Quite obviously, we still have much to do released. Since then, we have used these principles to rPsolve these issues. "The English movie business has collapsed. as guidelines in working out the details of Although we have no fixed timetables, we But then all of England industry seems to a new treaty. are proceeding with all deliberaite speed. have lost the will to work. The best characterization of these princi We are doing so with the full support of "In the past we put up With lousy weather, ples came from the Chief of Government of the Department of Defense. rationing, money controls and took it on the Panama. While I cannot predict when completion of chin. We shrugged our shoulders and man He said they constitute a "Philosophy of a draft treaty will be possible, I am per aged to pull out of messes by working hard. Understanding." suaded that a new treaty which satisfies our "But t b e average Englishman doesn't seem Their essence is that: basic interests is attainable. to give a damn anymore. He's like the hospi Panama will grant the United States the Though a great deal of hard negotiating talized patient who has lost the will to re rights, facilities and lands necessary to will be required to complete a satisfactory cover. continue operating and defending the canal; agreement, we are confident that our ef "I see the situation clearly because I travel while forts will produce a treaty which 'will be all over the world and compare my country The United States will return to Panama judged on ;Lts men.ts and will be approved by with the people and attitudes of other na jurisdiction over its territory; and arrange the people of both counrtries. tions. for the participation by Panama, over time, The stakes are large. "I hasten to say we'll pull out of it. But at in the canal's operation and defense. They involve not only the legitimate in the moment we're like a dog with fleas, rt has also been agreed in the "Principles" terests of both the United States and Pan scratching away and not getting very far." That the next treaty shall not be in per a.ma and the future contribution of this im Lloyd blames the failure of British movies petuity but rather for a fixed period; portant waterway to the world community. on the government. That the parties will provide for any ex They involve as well our nation's relations "In our socialist society everyone is wait pansion of canal capacity in Panama that with Latin America as a whole and the cred ing for a handout," he said. may eventually be needed; and ibility and reputation of our country as a "Picture makers want to know what some That Panama will get a more equitable force for creative leadership. one will give them in advance if they make share of the benefits resulting from the use America has always looked to the future. a movie. If you believe in your work you of its geographic location. In the Panama Canal negotiations we have must have the courage to go out and get the Stage 2 involved the identtilcation of the the opportunity to do so again: money and put the fl.Im together." major issues under each of the eight To reviltalize an outmoded relationship; Lloyd has ignored British financial struc principles. To solve an international problem before ture, distribution and loans. He visits almost Agreement on the major issues, concurred it becomes a crisis; and every country in the world to borrow money in by the Department of Defense, provided To demonstrate the qualities of justice, and hustle his own pictures. the basis for substantive discussions. reason and vision that have made and kept "I spent the past 15 years establishing stage 3 began with our meetings 1n Pan our country great. business relations with foreign distributors," ama in June of 1974 and continues. I stand ready for your questions. he explained. "It cost $4 million to make December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39181 'Shalako' with Sean Connery and Brigitte COLORADO GOVERNOR AND HOUSE sion of a $6 billion synthetic fuels develop Bardot. CONFEREES TO BE COMMENDED ment program incorporating "bottom line" "But I toured the word for three years in demands made by Colorado Gov. Dick Lamm FOR IMPROVEMENT OF SYN and other resource-state governors. advance raising the money, contacting buy THETIC FUEL LOAN GUARANTEE ers. When I began shooting I had the cash The final roadblock to Lamm's approval of or guarantees to cover the entire picture. PROVISIONS IN ERDA AUTHOR the bill-a guarantee of the applicability of "Labor isn't more expensive there. It's still IZATION BILL state law over synthetic fuel projects-was cheaper to make a film in England than else cleared by Sen. Floyd Haskell, D-Colo. where. But producers have given up, lost The "applicabillty" provision, while not in their nerve due to the socialiBt indoctrina HON. GUNN McKAY the final version of the bill, would, under tion. They can't beat the unions ... OF UTAH the agreement pushed through by Haskell, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES appear in the conference committee report "I love my country and wouldn't think of of the measure to demonstrate legislative leaving it. But the only thing that can help Monday, December 8, 1975 intent. our film industry is a new infusion of Amer As outlined by Haskell and accepted by the ican creative talent to inspire us again." Mr. McKAY. Mr. Speaker, on Monday, committee, the report will provide that in I spoke in favor of the loan guarantee the event of any federal-state legal conflict authority for synthetic fuels commercial on a proposed synthetic fuels projec~such ization contained in section 103 of the as shale oil--state governments will be al SPANISH "LEFTISTS": ACCURACY ERDA authorization biU-H.R. 3474- lowed to assert stronger state law in land PLEASE and I explained the urgent need for ap reclamation and plant and utility sitings. proval of this measure in order that a That right to the states would occur when state governments, as also provided in the HON. LARRY McDONALD few prototype synthetic fuel projects can bill, were exerting their authority of concur proceed now to establish the economic rence with a proposed development project, OF GEORGIA and environmental viability of existing whether on private or federal lands within a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES technologi·es for coal gasification and state. Monday, December 8, 1975 shale oil production-see CONGRESSIONAL Earlier in the day, Lamm said that with the RECORD, December 1, 1975, page 37902. adoption of an "acceptability" provision, he Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. Since my remarks on Monday, the would be satisfied with the disputed section. It opens a $6 billion program in loan guar Speaker, recent press articles have re Governor of our neighboring State of ported the release from prison of radical antees for synthetic fuels development, Colorado, the Honorable Richard D. opponents of the Spanish Government mainly oil shale, coal gasification and coal Lamm, has publicly announced his sup by King Juan Carlos as part of an am liquefica.tion. port of the loan guarantee program for In addition to applicabillty of state laws nesty releasing 15,000 prisoners, criminal synthetic fuels. Governor Lamm ap and concurrence by state governments in and political. peared twice at the extensive hearings proposed projects, Lamm's other "bottom The press reports have focused on the line" demands on the bill included guaran release of Marcelino Camacho Abad, 57, on this measure held by the Sci"ence and tees of "impact" aid to local communities, Technology Committee, testifying both characterized as "a noted leftist labor planning and review participation by state leader" by the New York Times in a "spe on behalf of the State of Colorado and and local governments, and limitation on cial" under Henry Ginger's byline and in his capacity as chairman of the Syn project plant size to demonstrate commer thetic Fuels Subcommittee of the Na cial viability. in an Associated Press story as "Spain's Haskell, a member of the Senate-House most powerful leftist." tional Governors' Conference. In his testimony, Governor Lamm recom conference committee, several weeks ago had The editors, being educated men, must agreed with Lamm on the "bottom line" de be aware that "leftist" is about the weak mended several modifications in the mands and successfully pushed their accept Senate version of the bill to provide for est possible adjective to use to describe ance in the committee. State and local participation, and to as Senor Camacho, a veteran leader of the With the work of the conference commit Communist Party of Spain. Camacho's sure adequate financing for impacted tee concluded by acceptance of the final ver community development. sion of the bill late Tuesday, Haskell pre comrades in the United States make no dicted passage of the measure in the Senate. bones about reporting his position in the The recommendations which the Gov Central Committee of the Communist ernor considered essential for a sound "GOOD BILL" program have been adopted by the con "The bill's in good shape. It's a good bill," Party of Spain, why the hesitation in the Haskell told reporters. "The states have what mass media? ference committee, and Governor Lamm has now publicly expressed his satisfac they want ... I don't think it will run into In addition, Camacho is more than a opposition." · mere "labor leader." Camacho is the tion with the bill. I commend Governor Earlier Tuesday, Rep. Tim Wirth, D-Colo., chief organizer of the illegal and clan Lamm for his effective leadership in pre who had participated in House opposition to destine Workers' Commissions in Spain. senting the views and concerns of his the $6 billion synthetic fuels development The Communists have not been shy State. program, conceded that, with the inclusion I also commend the distinguished of "safeguards" now present in the bill, he about proclaiming their sponsorship and would support its final passage in the House. organizing of the Workers' Commissions chairman of the Science and Technology Committee, Mr. OLIN E. TEAGUE for the Wirth and other House members had been in their own publications, yet Giniger's angered at the maneuvers which placed the article only notes that at the trial of comprehensive hearings held by his com massive synthetic fuels program in confer-· Camacho and other organizers-known mittee on the proposed loan guarantee ence, although it had not been considered generally as the "Carabanchel Ten"-the program for synthetic fuels. As a result either in House committees or by the full Workers Commissions "were termed of these hearings, Chairman TEAGUE and chamber. branches of the illegal Communist other House conferees were able to ob The fuels development program had been tain constructive changes in the Senate attached by Sen. Henry Jackson, D-Wash., Party," giving the impression that there as a last-minute amendment to the routine !s some doubt to the facts. version of section 103, including con appropriations authorization for the Energy The American public is rightly con trols and safeguards designed to protect Research and Development Administration. cerned about developments in Spain. the States and communities which will With passage of the Jackson-inspired That country's government is undergo be affected by the synthetic fuels loan amendment in the Senate last July, Wirth ing a major transition. America's mili guarantee program. I congratulate my and other House members complained that tary bases are up for renegotiation. And House conference on the over-all ERDA bill colleagues on the conference committee were confronted with a $6 billion program the example of the leftist revolt in neigh for these important improvements. with potential heavy impact on Colorado and boring Portugal with attempted Com At this point, I insert in the RECORD, other resource states-that had never been munist taikeovers stands as a warning to an article from the Denver Post of De considered by the House. Spain. Wirth and Rep. Ken Hechler, D-W. Va., Perhaps the mass media are afraid to cember 3, 1975, containing the public were instrumental in stalling final passage report on the public activities of Com statements of Governor Lamm and of the measure in the conference ·committee munists lest they be charged with "Red others in support of section 103 : until after a series of hearings both in Wash baiting" by their limousine liberal and LAMM-BACKED F'uELS BILL OKAYED ington and Colorado. Explaining his shift to support of the bill, chic radical cocktail party friends, and (By Leonard Larsen) Wirth said Tuesday that "with these safe therefore deny the American public sig Chief, Denver Post Washington Bureau guards in it, this is the best piece of legisla nificant information. WASHINGTON .-A Senate-House conference tion we're going to get out of this Congress, CXXI--2463-Part 30 committee Tuesday approved the final ver- or probably any other Congress." 39182 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975
CRASH PROGRAM cans toward the United Nations. There is ters of crucial importance for which we He was concerned, Wirth said, that a fu as I stand here at this moment, a new entered in the first place. If it will not or ture energy emergency, such as Middle East emerging nation being literally ripped cannot do its job effectively, I do not be oil embargo, could result in a crash program apart by internal and external forces. lieve the United Nations can maintain of shale oil development without the "safe The clouds of this disaster were be any support among the American people. guards" contained in the bill approved by ginning to form long before Monday, Mr. Speaker, I insert in the RECORD the conference committee Tuesday. Despite the support of Haskell and Wirth, November 9, when the United Nations ap an editorial and a news item on this the final version of the bill still was opposed proved a resolution equating Zionism subject. by the majority of the members of the Colo with racism. Nothing, however, was even The articles follow: rado delegation. attempted in an effort to avert bloodshed [From the Providence Journal, Nov. 28, 1975] The two Republicans, Reps. Jim Johnson in Angola. LIMIT Am TO ANGOLA and Bill Armstrong, along with Rep. Pat I am especially aware and sensitive to Schroeder, D-Colo., have opposed the $6 bil "Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger's the situation in Angola. From my posi warning to the Soviet Union on aid to the lion loan guarantee program as an improper tion on the Foreign Operations Appro function of the federal government. Marxist faction in Angola suggested that the Sen. Gary Hart, D-Colo., has called for priations Subcommittee, I have watched Ford administration has set a limit on de separate legislation in which oil shale these former colonies move toward in tente. Go beyond that limit, Mr. Kissinger wouldn't be tied to research and develop dependence. I did all I could to insure seemed to be saying to the Russians, and you ment in coal. Rep. Frank Evans, D-Colo., that our development aid would be avail may find that the road to detente has been was described by an aide Tuesday as stlll able to them in their struggle to survive closed. undecided in his stand on the final version. "But what is the limit on aid to the Ango the trauma of independence. What we lans? The Russians already have invested In the conference committee's final meet now see is all our work and hope and the ing on the ERDA bill incorporating the syn heavily in such aid to the Popular Movement thetic fuel program, members accepted-in work and hope of Angolans being for the Liberation of Angola. If their clients addition to the state law "applicabillty" pro shredded in another civil war for con appear to be getting the worst of it, the Rus vision-another provision which would place trol of an African nation. sians may very well increase the scale of a. 90-day limit under which decisions by the In the absence of so much as a pass assistance. ERDA administrator could be appealed to a ing interest by the United Nations, other "The Americans, for their part, appear .to have been supplying the anti-Communist federal court. powers are moving in swiftly to carve faction, the National Front for the Liberation The court review applies mainly to the out a sphere of influence. Meanwhile the concurrence or "limited veto" powers ex of Angola. Perhaps the Americans have been United Nations has plenty of time to pass a bit more sophisticated about how they did tended to state governments. resolutions condemning the beliefs of As the measure now stands, the ERDA it--funneling arms and other supplies administrator would have the power to over minorities and to attempt to pigeonhole through neighboring Zaire. Should the tide ride in the national interest a project "veto" a resolution callin,1 for the release of flow against the Front, the CIA or other asserted by state government but that over political prisoners. American agencies would then be under pres sure to step up the tempo of their assistance. ride would be subject to court review if One of the founding principles of the "In an escalating confrontation of this action were filed within 90 days. United Nations, as I remember, was that kind, Angola might very well become another The panel members, however, turned down it woul1 practice tolerance and its na Congo, but this time without the interven several White House requests for change in tions would work together as good neigh tion of a United Nations force. In the An the final version of the b111, including one bors. The vote on Zionism and the cur golan internal struggle for power, or at least to abandon the court review provision and for influence, any chance of compromise be another to drop language in the blll which ren ~ events in Angola seem to show a glaring deficiency in its ability to be a tween the factions is doubtful; they are bars foreign governments from majority more likely to wage a fight to the finish, be ownership of firms involved in projects with constructive influence in the world. Three rival political factions, all sup cause there is little room for compromise federal loan guara.ntees. between Communists and anti-Communists. The latter request was made by the State posedly trying to liberate Angola from "Detente originated through a reallza.tion Department which suggested the prohibition each other, are carving out enclaves, en in both Washington and Moscow that con of loan guarantees to foreign-owned firms listing mercenaries, asking for super frontations between the superpowers were might harm relationships of nations involved power support and shedding fellow An far too dangerous in an age of nuclear mis with the United States in the International golan blood. It is estimated that already siles. The basic thrust of detente is to reach Energy Agreement. agreements for cooling off superpower antag Hechler spiked the State Department plea, 12,000 lives have been lost. Reports of Russian planes, Cuban pilots, Mozam onisms and scaling down the level of arma noting that it would allow participation by ments, so that the world may back away partners to that agreement but would bar bique guerrillas and South African tanks from the brink of nuclear catastrophe. participation by "Latin American and Third increase every day. Capitals are set up "The small wars, waged on ideological World" countries. and overtaken regularly, yet the United grounds, constantly threaten the balance Also rejected by the committee was a pro Nations cannot tear itself away from that has kept the peace of the world for 30 posal by Rep. Barry Goldwater Jr., R-Calif., sowing mistrust and disl - ~, rmony among years. They must not be allowed to upset that federal officials hired to administer the its own members. It is bad enough that that balance. Detente offers a road of mutual loan guarantee program not be required to a group of nations can commit such odi trade and aid between the superpowers, espe ma.ke a full public financial disclosure. cially in view of the deficiencies of both Rus Such a provision, Goldwater maintained, ous blunders as equating Zionism with sian agriculture and consumer industry. The was an "invasion of privacy." racism and hesitating to call for the re product of detente is too valuable to be Hechler successfully countered that "if lease of political prisoners, but where the spolled by civil war in Angola." people coming into government have a direct United Nations could fulfill the role for financial interest in the companies they are which it was created, it does nothing. UNITED STATES-SOVIE'r RELATIONS guaranteeing loans to, that fact ought to Why have an organization that can sit The Soviet Union's intervention in Angola be made public." in New York and call names, yet will not will certainly have an effect on relations be stop the improper alien intervention in tween Washington and Moscow, a senior the future of an emerging nation? I think American official on Secretary of State Henry it is a crime that the United Nations will Kissinger's plane said yesterday. The official INACTIVITY OF THE not lift its voice much less its hand in revealed that the Soviets have set up an UNITED NATIONS defense of a nation being carved, claimed, arms airlift to the newly-independent African state--one of Moscow's most ambi and bloodied. tious military projects in history. He added HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE The inactivity of the United Nations that Cuba has sent 4,000 to 5,000 troops to OF MASSACHUSETTS in this matter and its unfortunate activ Angola. The official also disclosed that an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ity in the area of name calling have seri American action in July prevented a com ously undermined the support among the plete takeover o! Angola by Soviet-backed Monday, December 8, 197 5 American public. How long it will be be forces aided by Cuban troops. The senior diplomat told reporters that no joint Sino Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, I would like fore Americans are fed up with an orga American strategy for Angola was worked out to address myself today to an issue which nization that will not fulfill its mission, during President Ford's trip to Peking and I feel exemplifies the frustration and I can only guess. I would suggest that the that American efforts in the African country anxiety felt by a large number of Ameri- United Nations pay attention to the mat- were not being conducted with South Africa. December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39183 EQUAL JUSTICE FOR NON-ENGLISH Puerto Ricans and 800,000 other Hispanic will benefit Hispanics wherever they live in SPEAKING LITIGANTS people living in New York City." the U.S." The NYCLA study recommends broadscale reforms within and outside the system in HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL cluding: THE CROSS-WABASH CANAL OF NEW YORK Investigating the feasiblllty of Spanish speaklng parts in the courts; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Increased employment of bilingual para HON. FLOYD J. FITHIAN Monday, December 8, 1975 professionals, correctional aides, and inter OF INDIANA preters throughout the crlmlnal justice sys Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, today's tem; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hispanic-Americans are often mistreated Recruitment of more Spanish-speaking Monday, December 8, 1975 within the judicial system. New York students by metropolitan area law schools; City serves as a prime example of these Watchdog committees established by bar Mr. FITHIAN. Mr. Speaker, many of injustices. associations to monitor and report treatment my constituents are deeply disturbed Too often we find the sixth amend of Hispanic defendants; and about the possible construction of a ment rights of the Hispanic community Priority support by the city administra Cross-Wabash Canal to connect the infringed upon. Due to the barriers that tion for the Hispanic Criminal Justice Task Ohio River with either Lake Michigan Force established in 1973. or Lake Erie. Spanish-speaking citizens face as a re In the report partially funded by the sult of court proceedings being conducted Many of these concerned constituents BASICS program of the American Bar As have asked questions about the nature in English, they are oftentimes at a se sociation, the NYCLA's Special Committee vere disadvantage during the course of describes how many constitutionally guaran and scope of the Army Corps of Engi their trial. There are not enough inter teed rights a.re denied to Spanish-speaking neers' various projects on the Wabash preters on hand at all times to aid com citizens. For example, illiterate prisoners who River and their potential impact on the munication within the court. Alienation speak only Spanish may not be properly ad Cross-Wabash Canal. occurs when Spanish-speaking citizens vised of their rights prior to interrogation by Due to this controversy, I wrote the non-Spanish speaking police officers. His Army Corps of Engineers a letter on cannot properly communicate with non panic defendants must often be jailed rather Spanish-speaking citizens. October 28, 1975, and recently received than released pending arraignment or trial their reply. The letter I received from A report was recently prepared for the because necessary procedures cannot be New York County Lawyers' Association completed. Gen. Kenneth Mcintyre was reassuring on the issue of equal treatment under the The rights of Spanish-speaking defendants to those of us who oppose construction law. I think its findings underscore the are again in jeopardy during courtroom pro of the proposed Cross-Wabash Canal. need for corrective legislation. I would ceedings. Non-Puerto Rican Hispanics, un It is my sincere hope that this letter like to share with my colleagues this re aware of how to protect their alien status, lays to rest, once and for all, the in port, which follows: often face almost certain deportation. correct notion that the rer:ervoirs in the Bilingual courtroom aides are hopelessly Wabash River Basin, especially the La NEW YORK'S CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM JEOP overtaxed. In Manhattan Supreme Court, for fayette Lake project in Tippecanoe ARDIZES RIGHTS OF HlsPANIC DEFENDANTS example, only nine interpreters are available NEW YORK CITY.-The operations of New to handle at least 1,000 new cases each year County, are in any way connected with York's crl.m1na.l justice system serious dis- involving Hispanic defendants-a condition the Cross-Wabash Canal proposal. criminate against the city's Hispanic com the Committee brands as "manifestly ridicu Several years ago, the Army Corps of munity of two million people and may be un lous." Those defendants who speak only Engineers conducted a study of three constitutional in many instances, according some English are the "real victims," for mar alternative sites for a canal to connect to a report issued today (Aug. 18) by the ginal knowledge is insufficient to provide the Ohio River with either Lake Michi New York City Lawyers' Association. "anything but a murky understanding of un gan or Lake Erie. Although the Corps Prepared by the thirteen-member Special familiar courtroom proceedings. has stated that it has dropped any plans Committee on Penal and Correctional Re "If the system ls to work equitably,'' the form under the chairmanship of Harold Baer, Committee report concludes, "interpreters to construct such a waterway, some citi Jr., former chief of the criminal division in must be provided to defendants even when zens are concerned that this project will the U.S. Attorney's office, the report ls a they are not requested specifically . . . de be completed and that it might need an detailed indictment of inequities jeopardiz fendants should be made to feel that having external water source, namely Lafayette ing the constitutional rights of thousands of an interpreter ls their right. Further, the City Lake. Spanish-speaking defendans in New York must provide more and better interpreters General Mcintyre correctly reiterated City. . .. at every stage of the system." in his letter that the canal project is Commenting on the report, Baer said that The unconstitutional nature of pretrial simply not economically feasible. Fur from arrest through imprisonment, "the detention practices involving Spanish-speak Spanish-speaking man and woman in this ing prisoners ls also detailed. The Board of thermore, it is clear the the Corps has community and probably in others across Correction told the Committee that it esti no intention of even studying the ex the country are severely handicapped. The mates 26% of its inmates are Hispanics, but tension of the canal beyond Terre Haute. Committee suggests that much of this treat only 5%, or 200 employees, in City prisons Those who have heard my public ment may be unconstitutional. Perhaps even speak Spanish. This communication barrier statements in the past know that I more importantly, such treatment cannot breeds a "sense of isolation and despair," the have consistently opposed this boon help but result in a loss of self-respect, which Committee found, leading to "a dispropor doggle, which is what the Cross-Wabash seems only to spur more criminal activity tionate number of suicides by Puerto Rican Canal would amount to. As long as I am and recidivism." defendants.'' Threat of deportation, unnecessary deten The problem ls "exacerbated enormously. in representing Indiana's Second District, tion, isolation and despair-even sulcides upstate prisons." The Committee found that no canal will be built across this district. have resulted from the average Hispanic de many Hispanic prisoners were denied access It is economically infeasible and en fendant's inability to understand English, to favorable vocational training programs vironmentally unthinkable. the Committee found. which might result in well paying jobs on I have consistently opposed anything "Since the study was completed," Baer release. Hispanic inmates must use their that would detract from Lafayette Lake's added, "the situation has reached crisis pro vocational training time to learn English. purposes: Flood control and recreation portions. Due to the city's current financial That seldom leaves time for the average for the people of Tippecanoe County and emergency, the Department of Correction has prisoner, serving a relatively short sentence, informed us that all 139 correction aides to learn both English and a job skill, accord the surrounding a.rea. Toward those many of whom were bilingual-have been ing to the study. goals, which I believe to be in the best discharged. Then earlier this month, the A special mailing of the raport ls being interests of the citizens I represent, I Legal Aid Society, which handles 70% of all made to legislators, members of the judiciary, will continue to work. criminal defendants in the city, had a dras and law enforcement officers at the Federal, I would like to share these letters with State and local level, as well as to other bar tic personnel reduction," Ba.er said, "Twenty my colleagues in the House and com four lawyers, and 44 staff members were associations and law schools. dropped." "The failure of the criminal justice sys mend them to your attention: "Immediate financial a.id must be forth tem to meet the needs of Spanish-speaking OCTOBER 28, 1975. coming to restore b111ngual personnel and men and women is not unique to New York Mr. KENNETH McINTYRE, make necessary reforms," Baer emphasized. City," Baer believes. "By bringing our find Acting Director of Civil Works, U.S. Army "Otherwise, the intolerable situation de ings to the attention of leaders elsewhere, Corps of Engineers, Washington, D.C. scribed in the Committee's report may alien we hope to generate national support for re DEAR MR. McINTYRE: I am writing to you ate irreversibly a majority of the 1,200,000 forms in the criminal justice system which because many of my constituents and I 39184 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 share a grave concern about the proposed need any "external water supply" from any bash River. Specific legislation to prohibit "Wabash navigation system" and its pos source? use of water releases from Lafayette Lake for sible implications for north and central I am sure you will understand that the support of a navigation project on the lower Indiana. Too many questions concerning the public confusion now being spread through river would have no impact on the feasibillty proposal remain unanswered. Tippecanoe County concerning the relation of the potential navigation project being Several years ago, the Army Corps of En ship or non-relationship of the Lafayette studied. gineers conducted a study of three alterna Lake project to any "Cross Wabash Canal" I expect the Lafayette Lake project to prove tive sites for a "Cross Wabash Canal" con makes necessary the clearest possible state to be a most beneficial project for flood con necting the Ohio River With either Lake ment of the facts. I have sought these facts trol and recreation in the Wabash River Ba Michigan or Lake Erie. Although the Corps in the above questions, but because I am sin. The plan for operation of the reservoir has publicly stated that it has dropped any not a civil engineer with expertise in cana.1- is predicated on those functions. I empha plans to construct such a waterway, many bullding, if other information relevant to a size, there is no essential linkage between the of m y constituents in the Wabash Basin are thorough layman's understanding of the sit current navigation studies and Lafayette understandably concerned that this project uation comes to your attention, I would ap Lake. I emphasize also that the navigation eventually will be completed. I share their preciate your including it in your reply. studies are simply that--studies. They will concern. Therefore, I must ask what factors Thank you very much for your coopera have full public exposure as they progress. led to your apparent decision not to build tion in attempting to clarify for a large num Sincerely yours, this canal, whether or not the proposal was ber of citizens the facts about these projects. KENNETH E. McINTYRE, economically feasible and if you now or at Sincerely yours, Brigadier General, USA, any time plan to recommend the develop FLOYD FITHIAN, Deputy Director of Civil Works. ment of this project. Member of Congress. Recently, the Army Corps of Engineers be gan a study of the Wabash navigation system OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, from the Ohio River to Mt. Carmel, Illinois. Washington, D.C., December 3, 1975. AN AGRICULTURAL VIEW OF THE The Corps is now expanding this study to Hon. FLOYD J. FITHIAN, RUSSIAN GRAIN DEAL include the Wabash River section from Mt. House of Representatives, Carmel to Terre Haute, Indiana. Some in Washington, D.C. dividuals have hypothesized that this is a DEAR MR. FITHIAN: This is in response to HON. GEORGE HANSEN piece-meal attempt to reconstruct the origi your recent letter concerning the relation OF IDAHO nal plan for a "Cross Wabash Canal" and I ship of "Wabash Basin Lakes" and the "Wa share their legitimate concern about the bash Navigation System." The questions you IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES project. Are there any plans, either currently pose have been addressed to Corps repre Monday, December 8, 1975 or in the foreseeable future, to study any sentatives many times. Therefore, I am part of the Wabash River section between pleased to provide answers With the hope Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, Oscar Terre Haute and Lafayette? Are any plans that they wlll then be convincing, to those Field, president of the Idaho Farm Bu projected to study the river beyond Lafayette, who have previously raised such questions, reau, has responded to President Ford's i.e., to Fort Wayne? as to the relationship of the Wabash lakes announcement about the Russian trade If such a canal were constructed, it is my and possible Wabash navigation systems. agreement in a very meaningful way. understanding that an "external water For some time the Louisville District En Mr. Field, the leader of 19,000 farm source" would be needed to supplement the gineer, in response to a number of resolu water level in the canal at the point where tions ( 6) by the U.S. Senate and U.S. House families in Idaho, named particulars he the northern and southern drainage slopes of Representatives, has been studying a po felt were wrong with the agreement: meet (the point where water flows north tential navigation system for the Wabash First, government to government trad to Lake Michigan and south to the Ohio River. Three routes were considered which ing is wrong in principle because it means River). This additional water supply would would have provided a through waterway sharing world markets on the basis of be needed, I am told, to facilitate the move from the Ohio River to the Great Lakes. One political determination. This agreement ment of ships across this .1uncture. One route would have connected to Lake Erle is a precedent for more serious restric route to Lake Michigan, via the Tippecanoe while the other two would have terminated tions on farm exports. and Kankakee Rivers, the drainage divide is at Lake Michigan. All studies to date have near the Pulaski and Starke county boun indicated that none of these routes ts eco Second, the initialing of this agreement daries. On the route to Lake Erie, via Fort nomically feasible. Consequently, at a Public only formalized the breach of faith which Wayne, the drainage point is near the Ohio Hearing at Vincennes, Indiana, on April 23, occurred when President Ford broke his and Indiana boundary. Is there any possi 1973, the Louisville District Engineer an promise made at planting time that bility that flood control and recreational nounced that further work would not be farmers would have unfettered access to rservoir projects, such as Lafayette Lake or done on the through routes. At the same world markets. Misslssinewa Lake, could be utilized to sup hearing, the District Engineer advised that It is obvious that this is a sellout by ply the needed "external water supply?" If studies would be continued from the Ohio to these reservoirs a.re not used, what water River upstream to Mount Carmel, Illinois, the Ford administration the AFL-CIO source would be utilized? since a navigation project on that reach ap maritime unions as represented in the Many local residents in Tippecanoe County peared to be economically feasible. That work higher rates to be paid on grain export and the surrounding area have argued that is continuing. shipments which are restrictive in pro there ts a connection between construction The recent extension of the study from moting foreign trade. of Lafayette Lake and the ultimate con Mount Carmel to Terre Haute is in response No one should be misled that the Unit struction of the "Cross Wabash Canal." to a new, specific resolution of the U.S. Sen ed States-Soviet oil agreement provides These citizens believe that during the peak ate Public Works Committee dated May 6, any real solution to the energy crisis. It summer days of high temperatures and low 1975. Terre Haute is the farthest logical up is largely cosmetic. The negotiated Rus rainfall, the proposed canal would need an stream terminus on the Wabash River and "external water supply" to maintain its min the Corps of Engineers has no plans for sian oil imports represent only about 1 imum depth of nine feet. To achieve this studies of a waterway upstream from that percent of our total imports. depth, they say, a series of reservoirs in the geographical location. Mr. Speaker, the text of Mr. Field's Wabash Valley would be utllized to supply The depth of water required for navigation statement follows as reported in the the water at the very time that the public in the lower Wabash River would be obtained Idaho Farm Bureau News of November would like to use these excellent recreational by dams on the canalized portion. The ba 1975: faclllties. Their arguments have raised sic water requirements for this potential navigation project, from either Mount Car PRESIDENT'S REPORT doubts about the purpose and scope of con (By Oscar Field) struction of Lafayette Lake. mel or Terre Haute downstream to the Ohio I must demand, then, that the Army Corps River, would be that required for lockages. America was founded by and for those of Engineers respond to some of the import Flows in the Wabash are sufficient to main seeking liberty and freedom from oppression. ant questions that have been raised about tain full lockage capab111ty, except in the Emerson said, "For of what avail is plow any perceived connection between the La most extreme drought. or soil, or land or life, if freedom fall". fayette Lake project and the "Cross Wabash I know there is a persisent rumor that La What has happened to that great desire Canal" scheme. Are there any set of circum fayette Lake and other authorized reservoir for freedom? stances under which the water in Lafayette projects in the Wabash Basin are planned It may be that too many Americans have to support navigation on the river, but it 1s become apathetic. It ls much easier to let Lake would be utilized to supplement the only that--a rumor. The Corps has no plans the government take care of us. More aspects water level in any proposed canal system? and, indeed, there is no demonstrable need of our lives than ever before are subject to Would not an act of Congress be required to for releases from any existing or authorized the whims of those who profess to be doing alter the purpose of the Lafayette Lake lakes for navigation purposes. I cannot con all things for our good. project to include water flow to the canal, or template any set of circumstances in which We are told to buckle our seat belts, hire to change the physical design of the dam? water from Lafayette Lake would be used to given percentages of women and minority Indeed, would any canal, if ever constructed, directly support navigation in the lower Wa- groups, answer intimate questions on census December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39185 forms and turn over larger and larger por Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 (212/243- voting, informal relationship" because of tions of our incomes in the form of taxes 0591) is a Marxist revolutionary organi a shortage of funds to attend NIC meet to be doled be.ck as supposed gifts. Environmental and OSHA standards are zation supporting the use of "armed ings and bec:rnse the People's Pary views proposed that border on the ridiculous. struggle"-revolutionary violence and the '76 Strategy as a "retreat from social We are being saved from ourselves by the terror-to attain a socialist revolution. ism." Nevertheless, reported Glick, ERA, OSHA, FCC, ICC, NLRB, etc., and now On May 13 and 14 and•on June 2, 1975, I "there were indications that if the '76 even Mr. Meany has taken the role of pro presented detailed documented reports Strategy ever got off the ground, many tector for all. on this organization to my colleagues, within the People's Party might then be What a sell-out! When President Ford an pointing out the NIC's close work with open to involvement." nounced the initialing of a Soviet Grain the Cuban-controlled and violence-prone Agreement between Russia and the United The Political Council underwent some States, it was a flagrant act of infringement Puerto Rican Socialist Party. "criticism/self-criticism" for its failure upon the rights of the American farmers. In September leading members of the to accomplish NIC goals in establishing I am angry when I think that George Mea.ny, NIC, including its founder, Arthur Kinoy, a national program. The PC decided to President of the AFL-CIO, can, through the traveled to Havana, Cuba, to participate continue work "in the four areas which political power that he holds, force the gov in a meeting called by the World Peace had already progressed signifi.cantly ernment to take over more of the trading Council, the Soviet Union's chief inter domestic repression, food, foreign rela functions which rightfully belong to private national propaganda organization. The tions, rights and needs of women." The enterprise. Government-to-government trading is meeting signalled an intensive interna PC decided to initiate organizing drives wrong in principle because it means sharing tional Communist effort to drive the around the following issues, "housing, world markets on the basis of political deter strategically vital American military jobs and unemployment, rights and mination. bases out of Puerto Rico and install needs of blacks and third world people." It is outrageous that Mr. Meany can black eventually a Cuban-style Marxist-Lenin The coordinators for these organizing mail the government into curbing the !arm ist regime in that island. efforts are : ers' market in a way that he would never The National Interim Committee for a Arthur Kino~-domestic repression; accept !or labor. Mr. Meany got his raise for the longshoremen by playing on the emotions Mass Party of the People is working David Holmstrom-food; o! the American consumer under the pre diligently in support of these aims Ro Reilly-foreign relations; tense of being interested in keeping the price through direct organizing and through Joyce Jed-women; of food low. Can't the consumer see that it the Puerto Rican Solidarity Committee- Ted Overman-housing; might be possible that Mr. Meany speaks with PRSC-which the NIC operates jointly Bob Lewis-jobs; "forked tongue"? with the Puerto Rican Socialist Party Martha Schwartz-blacks and third Government figures show that labor costs PSP. world. alone for marketing farm foods in 1974 were The NIC will also publish a theoretical $46.7 billion as compared with net !arm in More recently the National Interim come of $27.7 billion. In 1975, the difference Committee has taken up yet another journal "in which preliminary drafts will be even greater as net farm income is Cuban-supported cause--that of turning could be circulated for comment as they expected to drop to the mid 20 billion dollar over the U.S. built and owned Panama were developed." Under Arthur Kinoy's mark, while food marketing costs keep rising. Canal to the leftist dictatorship of Gen. direction, the domestic repression group With such an increase in every area of food Omar Torrijos. However, more on that will draft a pamphlet attacking Senate production, how can we farmers produce later in this report. bill 1, the Criminal Justice Reform Act. "cheap food"? S. 1 is opposed by the Communist Party, It is ironical that the very agricultural The NIC has been holding meetings of products which were the major contributor in its "political leadership" during the fall U.S.A. and most other revolutionary paying for the soaring costs of oil imports, to strengthen and centralize control over groups as legalizing what they term which allowed the balance of trade to remain the chapters, many of which have en "major steps toward fascism." in the black, should become the "whipping joyed considerable independence during Endeavoring to transform the loose boy.'' the initial stages of NIC organizing. One NIC structure into something more The exchange o! oil for grain may be such meeting was held in Lancaster, Pa., nearly resembling Lenin's centralized palatable to the consumer, but it provides no over the Columbus Day weekend and was revolutionary vanguard, the PC adopted real solution to the energy problem. The negotiated Russian oil imports represent only attended by about 30 members of the NIC new resolutions increasing its power over about one percent of our total imports. leadership. theNIC. It is naive to believe that government in The meeting sharpened programmatic The political council specifically rec terference with the market system in the and organizational objectives for the ognized itself as the ofiicial political world markets will stop here. It could very coming year, concentrating their atten leadership and chief policymaking body well be the first step to controlled interna tion on the NIC's strategy for the Bicen of the organization. The PC is to be com tional trade in agricultural commodities and tennial, on · development of a national posed, in its own words, of: like cancer, it could spread so that no indus program, and on details of the NIC's ... individuals representing local groups. try would be exempt. individuals whose primary organizations This agreement will not only cause hard internal structure. The NIC Political Council-PC-re commitment is to building a mass party but ships !or those farmers and ranchers who who are not part of a local group, and in trusted the word of the President o! the named from National Interim Commit dividuals with other organizations commit United States with all-out production; but tee of the National Interim Committee, a ments who are making a significant contri the American consumer will suffer as well. cumbersome and confusing title--re bution to the NIC process. Local group dele The Russians, with their controlled agri viewed progress made in development of gates will have two votes on the PC. All other culture, cannot feed themselves. I! our gov a "'76 strategy" with the National Black PC members, elected at large by the PC, ernment continues to exploit its farmers, Assembly and the Congress of Afrikan would have one vote apiece. (Emphasis where will America go, in the future, to find added). its food and what will we trade !or it? People, two organizations controlled by the Maoist Communist, LeRoi Jones who Plainly, the political council will be calls himself Amiri Baraka. able to maintain control of the voting The Political Council decided to sup majority through its selection of new PC NIC CONSOLIDATES AND EVIDENCES port the National Black Assembly initi members. FURTHER CUBAN INFLUENCE ative to present an "anti-Democrat, The PC has also decided that its de anti-Republican, anticapitalist electoral cisions are now binding on the local NIC campaign spearheaded by a black Presi chapters-classical "democratic central HON. LARRY McDONALD dential candidate." In this connection ism" as established by Lenin. The PC OF GEORGIA the NIC's "traveler," Ted Glick, had dis strategists cautioned, however, against IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES appointing news for the NIC from the too sudden and sharp a use of this newly People's Party convention in St. Louis. claimed authority, but stated "it was felt Monday, December 8, 1975 The People's Party, a Socialist "New that this organizational principle was es- Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. left" party considered a good recruiting sential if we are to move forward effec Speaker, the National Interim Commit ground by the NIC, decided to replace tively in confronting real and urgent tee for a Mass Party of the People- their formal voting delegate on the NIC's struggles as a national organization." NIC--operating from room 326, 156 Fifth Political Council with "a friendly, non- Having granted itself these new pow- 39186 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 ers, the political council of the national perialist focus; the importance of mass cently had a letter published in the struggle taking the form of a party; and the Washington Post. interim committee decided that the role pivotal nature of the struggles of Black and of the administrative committee com Third World people and women. Philip E. Wheaton runs a well-financed posed of political council members based National Council of Churches operation in New York City was responsible for Tensions between the Hartford NIC called EPICA-the Ecumenical Program day-to-day leadership in carrying out group and the national office over ques- for Inter-American Communication and PC decision and "for making interim . tions of party building versus local or Action-from 1500 Farragut Street NW., political decisions between PC meetings." ganizing were explored and resolved to Washington, D.C. (2-02/723-8273). The administrative committee is to some extent in favor of the national EPICA's offices are also the local head supervise the national NIC office and re office. quarters for the Puerto Rican Solidarity cruit four full-time staff people who will The closeness of the National Interim Committee-headed by NIC traveler Ted in turn be responsible for fundraising. Committee for a Mass Party of the Peo Glick-and for several groups who agi publications, traveling and general office ple to the Cuban-backed causes can also tate in support of the deposed Marxist management. be seen in the NIC support for Panama's Chilean regime of Salvador Allende, in If discipline can be maintained, the leftist dictatorship which now claims cluding the Common Front for Latin NIC may be a very well-funded revolu total jurisdiction over the Panama Canal America-COFFLA-and Non-Interven tionary organization. The PC states Zone and the U.S.-built canal. tion in Chile-NICH. that-- Castro has given the Panamanian dic Wheaton's letter, published on Octo Dues are to be a minimum of 1 percent of tator, General Torrijos, his full support. ber 18, 1975, rephrases the Puerto Rican net income with 25 percent of that going to Cuban newspapers and broadcasts re Solidarity Committee call for a "Bicen the national office. port a constant fiow of Panamanian of tennial without colonies," cites the World Three types of NIC subgroups were ficers visiting Cuba for military training. Peace Council's Havana conference in defined: Puffed up by his Cuban-and Soviet- support of U.S. abandonment of Puerto Local groups-"loose bodies of people backers, the Panamanian fiyweight dic Rico without, of course, mentioning its talking about but not yet committed to tator has been hinting at starting a Viet Communist sponsorship, and ends with party building." nam-style "war of national liberation" the threat: Organizing committees-"have made to gain control of the strategic water The issues of D.C. statehood, return of the the decision to begin building as self way. And now the "New Left" fifth col Canal Zone to Panama and Puerto Rican in umn has opened up the initial propa dependence will not go away in 1977 when conscious NIC groups.'' the bunting has come down. These are more Chapters-"local groups which have ganda barrage. A few weeks ago a coalition group of than "welcome causes," they are :fighting is achieved an organizing capability and a sues and these fights have only just begun. composition in compliance with the prin "North American anti-imperialists from ciples of the Open Letter." numerous progressive and radical or The challenge to America is unmis Another meeting of significance was ganizations around the United States," takeable. But an informed American held September 20-21 attended by some including NIC leader Shepard Bliss, a public will be able to meet and defeat 45 NIC supporters and observers from former U.S. Army officer who now directs those forces. Hartford, Conn.; Boston; Northampton, the Latin American project at the Cam Mass.; Maine; Vermont; New York; bridge-Goddard Graduate School, spent from the NIC national office; the NIC 8 days in Panama "to support Panama's Political Council; and an observer from attempt to regain control of the canal IT IS TIME TO REASSESS THE U.S. the Prairie Fire Organizing Committee from the United States." No doubt this RELATIONSHIP TO THE U.N. PFOC-the above-ground support group will require rewriting some history for the terrorist Weather Underground books since Panama has never had con HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS Organization-WUO. trol of the U.S. canal and therefore can The Prairie Fire Organizing Commit not "regain" control. OF IDAHO tee includes among its members many The leftist campaign to hand over the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES former members of the Weatherman fac canal to the Panamanian dictator has Monday, December B. 1975 tion of SDS who have been staunch sup opened with propaganda articles by Bliss and Steve Karaian, a staffer on Atlanta's Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, the United porters of the Cuban Communist regime. Nations recent declaration that Zionism It will be recalled that the PFOC group radical Great Speckled Bird. The Bliss Karaian article, September 20, 1975, is a form of "racism" has spawned a is working with the Cuban-controlled number of proposals in this body, aimed Puerto Rican Socialist Party to plan for stated that-- The participants of the trip are making at reforming the U.N. into a more re massive demonstrations in Philadelphia sponsible institution. Some of these 4, 1976. an organized effort to raise the issue of the on July Both the Prairie Fire Canal Zone around the country. measures amount to mere slaps on the Organizing Committee and the Weather wrist, while others would have the United Underground Organization itself have A Bliss article in the September/Oc States temporarily withdraw from the said ominously: tober issue of Liberation magazine makes General Assembly or sharply reduce its The rulers have set the time for the party. the main points that a guerrilla action financial contributions. All of these Let us bring the fireworks! will be started if the United States "cleansing solutions" ignore the U.N.'s An NIC report on the New England does not immediately surrender the true cancer, that is, that the U.N.'s struc canal to the leftist dictator, and ture and charter are inherently and in regional meeting noted: that the main reasons that the United Shepard Bliss (Boston) presented a view States must turn over the canal are that tentionally fiawed. These fiaws were de of the NIC position on imperialism. He Torrijos wants to extort huge tolls from signed to insure that the United Nations stressed (1) the importance of anti-imperi would never act in the best interests of alist work and its crucial role in building the ships using the Panama Canal and the free world. a mass party; (2) the NIC theory and prac that the U.S. military facilities are used Since its 1946 inception, the United tice around anti-impedaJist work-a high to train troops for jungle warfare and Nations inherent faults include the Or level of activity in support of the struggle that these trained troops "have gone to wellian concept that ''all nations are for Puert.o Rican independence and a policy Indochina, the Philippines, and other o! non-alignment in relation to the Sino third world countries where national lib equal, but some nations are more equal Soviet split; (3) the current crisis o! U.S. than others." Hence, the Union of Soviet eration has been on the agenda." Socialist Republics three General imperialism as the struggles move closer t.o Bliss also points out that the U.S. bases has home, in particular Puerto Rico and Panama, Assembly votes while the United States emphasizing the importance !or the North pose a threat to Communist subversion and all other nations have only one. American left to respond to this struggle. and terrorist guerrilla movements such Mr. Speaker, we must begin to address David Holmstrom (Bost.on) presented an as those the CUbans have been trying to the disease of the U.N., instead of merely overview o! NIC politics, practice and pro export and support for the past 15 years. grams. He emphasized that the NIC ls an treating its side effecU:i, else the world expllcitly socialist of revolutionary forma It is also noted in passing that a Wash will continue to slide into a coma ofter tion; the importance and autonomous, sel! ington, D.C., radical long involved in minal enslavement. Columnist Allan C. directed. struggles (dualism); the anti-im- supporting Latin American Marxists re- Brownfeld drove this point home re- December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39187 cently in an excellent article on the U.N. including the U.S. F'rom the very beginning, praise of free enterprise and their denuncia and its structure. The text of Brown the U .N. was fia.wed by the unreasonaible de tion of regulation, particularly of pricing and feld's column follows: mands of totalitariains and the acquiescence delays of decisions. Yet now, as the prospect in those demands by the U.S. Government of greater freedom comes closer to reality. IT Is TIME To REASSESS THE U.S. RELATION and by the Free World. many who were talking a good deregulation SHIP TO THE U.N. The U.N. has not been a force for peace but, game seem to be changing their tune. (By Allan C. Brownfeld) insteaid, has supported terrorists and has re As one administration econoinist has noted, When t he U.N. General Assembly voted to fused to take any action ~ainst violence. regulatory reform often seems to mean "get condemn Zionism as a form of "racism" it The attitude of the U.N. toward interna rid of the regulations I don't like, but keep did much more than express the anti-Israel tional terrorism was made clear when, in the regulations I do like." In other words, sentimen t s of the Arab st ates and their third January, 1975, Secretary General Kurt Wald free enterprise is good for "everybody else world allies. In the long run, it held open to heim permitted the Viet Cong to open an but myself." serious question the future existence of the office in Geneva. The U.N. has welcomed PLO The President has proposed reduced regu United Nations itself and more particularly leader Yassir Arafat and has encouraged ter lation in a number of areas, but primarily the relationship of the U.S. to it. rori.stn in Southern Africa. Dr. John Roche, in transportation and broadcasting. Objec Many long tim e supporters of the U.N. in former national president of the Americans tions by air lines, trucking companies, and the Congress have been outspoken in their for Democratic Action and a long-time sup broadcasters may delay action on the legis vtews. :senator Henry M. Jackson (D-Wash.) porter of the U.N., now concludes that, "To lation. Action should proceed. suggested withholding American aid from put it bluntly, the U.N. has been taken over When all the catch phrases are swept away, nations that voted for the resolution. An by a coalition of anti-democratic nations .. . the objections really mean that regulated other candidate for the Democratic Presi The last time I looked the U.S. was putting companies are afraid of each other. They do dential nominat ion, Rep. Morris Udall of in about a quarter of the money, to say not particularly want more competition from Arizona, said the vote may result in a "full nothing of the choice of location and othffr wtthin their existing industries, and they reappraisal of the United States participa perks. Now I don't like anti-democratic orga r.P.rta.inlv don't want any new comoetitive tion an d its role in funding the U.N." Senator nizations, but I am prepared to accept their elements adden.. Clifford Case (R-N.J.) said the action was existence-so long as I don't pay for their Regulation is almost as old as time. It "an irresponsible action and a victory for fun and games." certainly was a target of Adam Smith's theo no one." Senator Edward Kennedy (D-Mass.) As early as 1946, William Henry Chamber ries of laissez-faire economics in the 18th said the vote compromised the principles on lin, writing in The ·Freeman, noted that, century. There are few who suggest that which the U .N. was founded. "The very expression, United Nations, is a total laissez-faire can work in today's com It is encouraging to long time critics of misnomer, because of the deep divisions of plicated world. the U.N. to see so many of their liberal col ideology and national interest by which the But neither should businessmen, of all leagues finally come to the understanding of world is divided. To expect the U.N., given people, be afraid of the free market. On the that organization's futllity. For many years, these differences and given its archaic and contrary, they should be urging Uncle Sam the U.N. has repeatedly criticized such anti unrealistic Charter, to point a clear united to give back some of the power he has taken communist countries as the Republic of Chi lead in time of crisis is to expect swift action away. The public interest may require some na, South Africa, Rhodesia, Portugal, and from a Tower of Babel." government oversight of important indus Israel. It has expelled Taiwan, imposed a Since its creation, the U.N. has spent more tries, but less is better than more. boycott on Rhodesia, and virtually suspended than $4.7 billion of the U.S. taxpayers' dol Regulation certainly should not be main South Africa from last year's session. lars. In 1972, Congress limited annual U.S. tained simply because industries feel more This is not to say that there are not payments to 25 per cent of the U.N. budget, comfortable or protected with it than with valid bases for criticizing any or all of these down from 30 per cent. The 25 per cent figure out it. countries. The real perpetrators of mass mur is still the highest of any nation. The Soviet Overzealous regulation reduces competition der in the world, however, are never even Union's payment is 12.9 per cent--when it and the price benefits that would thereby mildly criticized. No resolutions of censure pays. Of the 134 U.N. members, 92 are in accrue to the public. It can reduce innova are aimed at the Soviet Union, Communist arrears more than $200 million. More than tion. It reduces individual. initiative by pre China, the satellite nations of Eastern Eu one half of this indebtedness is owed by the scribing transactions that can or cannot rope, or the dictatorships of black Africa, U.S.S.R. and its client states. take plaoe. It increases taxpayer expense for subjugating their own people, eliminating It is high time for the U.S. to reconsider through subsidies and through the cost of freedom of religion and even the right to its relationship with the U.N.-both politi the regulating mechanical process. On top leave the country. The Declaration of Human cal and economic. Perhaps the vote on Zion of all this is the tremendous business cost of Rights, by which all members of the U.N. ism will make clear to liberals what conser complying with regulation&-a cost that falls agree to live, is regularly violated by most vatives have known for some time--that an on the public in the end. of them. Only the easy targets-such as organization containing within its ranks the But the greatest disadvantage of regula Israel--ever have their shortcomings publicly world's totalitarian and aggressive states can tion is that it transfers the power to make discussed. hardly protect the democratic and peaceful business decisions from business to the gov The United Nations is a memorial to the from them. Those who thought that the U.N. ernment. Imperfect as the market system is, utopian thinking of Americans who refused w.as the world's "best hope" for pea.ce have it does force business at least indirectly to to learn anything from the example of the been proven wrong. We must now act upOiil. heed the preferences of consumers and to League of Nations. After World War II, that understanding. alter its decisions accordingly. The auto in Franklin Roosevelt was so determined to cre dustry's move away from big cars and to ate a U.N. that he gave in almost immediately ward compa.cts is an illustration of this. And to the demands of the Soviet Union which this after years of being told that it is the made it clear-from the beginning-that BUT WHO WILL REGULATE US? public that responds to the auto companies, such an organization would inevitably fall. not the other way around. Governor James H. Byrnes, who later served Too often, government regulators answer as Secretary of State .under President Tru to no one but themselves--not to the Pres man, accompanied President Roosevelt to the HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI ident, not to Congress. And the public inter Yalta Conference where the matter of the OF ILLINOIS est is often so bogged down in an agency's creation of the U.N. was discussed. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES paperwork that a decision, when it finally Mr. Byrnes found that Roosevelt "was emerges, is useless. more interested in the establishment of the Monday, December 8, 1975 A perfect example was the proposed merger U.N. than in any other item on the agenda." Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I am of the Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific Rail Soviet leader Josef Stalin wanted full mem supporting President Ford's proposals for road with the Union Pacific. In the 12 years bership status for the Ukraine and Byelo deregulating American business. The the case was ensnarled in Interstate Com russia. Both are Republics of the Soviet merce Commission bureaucra.cy, economic argument for reduced regulation is well conditions were so changed that the Rock Union, meaning that Stalin was clearly ask made in the Chicago Tribune editorial Island went bankrupt. Who was served by ing for three votes for the Soviet Union in "But Who Will Regulate Us?" on Decem the process? Certainly not the Rock Island. the General Assembly. Governor Byrnes be The public? Hardly. It was denied the bene lieved strongly that it was a mistake to give ber 7, and I would like to bring it to the attention of the Members: fits of the improved service the original busi in to the Soviet Union on this demand. How ness decision would have provided. ever, according to Byrnes, Mr. Roosevelt told BU'r WHO WILL REGULATE Us? Businessmen who cringe at the thought of him that his objection to the Soviet demand The strongest opposition to the Ford reduced regulation aren't very good histo "might endanger the adoption of the reso administration's cautious moves toward de rians and their economics may be in ques lution--concerning the organization of the regulating business is coming from a curious tion as well. If they'd use a shoulder to take U.N.-by the Soviets." source--buslnessmen who fear they might on a greater share of the responsib111tles of Thus, the Soviet Union received three lose the comforts of regulation. the market system, they wouldn't need one to votes to one for every other member state, BusineSS1In.en have been generous in their cry on. 39188 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 PORT OF LONG BEACH A SCENIC "That's our most recent beautiftca.tion at its new maintenance yard under Desmond project," said George M. Seufert, the tall and Bridge. SUCCESS reserved director of pa.rt maintenance. All this costs local re6idents nothing, ac A harbor department employee for 21 cording to Seufert. HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON ._yea.rs, he believes petunias, eucalyptus and "The Harbor Department is completely fresh pa.int can-a.nd should--coexist with self-supporting. It hasn't had any tax monies OF CALIFORNIA cranes, tanks and railroad tracks. or tidelands revenues for 10 years," he said, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Now being added are long stretches of adding: Monday, December 8, 1975 landscaped walkways where ocean lovers can "Which, I'm sure, m.akes the oleanders, watch the romance of the sea unfold before petunias, pedestrian walkways and parklands Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. them. look even more beautiful." Speaker, the city of Long Beach, in Seufert estimates the first phase of the southern California, owns ~md operates promenade--extending along the water from one of the world's busiest and most mod just north of the Quiet Cannon to Panora.ma. ern commercial harbors in the world. Drive-will be completed by Christmas. ELEVEN BILLION DOLLAR SUBSIDY The decoratively lit walkway will enable OF SYNTHETIC FUELS IS UNWISE However, Long Beach is equally proud of pedestrians to cross the Queensway Bridge the fact that its harbor is also one of the and walk among landscaped surroundings to most attractive and environmentally the Quiet Cannon, the Queensway Hilton or HON. PHILIP H. HAYES sound ports in operation. the Reef Restaurant. OF INDIANA Recently, a visiting group from Rus "All the construction work, except for 65 sia's Merchant Marine Ministry ex feet of walkway and the bridge over the re IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pressed amazement at the harbor's phys flector pond and waterfall (by Adolph's at Monday, December 8, 1975 ical beauty, saying that they had never the Queensway Hilton), is now complete," he said. Mr. HAYES of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, seen a port like it anywhere in the world. Later, the promenade will be extended in I wish to draw to the attention of the Flowers, trees, waterfalls, and scenic both directions, along the shoreline past the full House of Representatives a letter walks coexist in perfect harmony with Queen Mary and to the far end of Pier J, which I signed with 31 of my colleagues all the commercial activities of a harbor with a fishing area or two along the way. announcing our opposition to a $6 bil that have in many cases led to esthetic Still to come is the landscaping of Harbor Scenic Drive northwesterly from Panora.m.a lion synthetic fuels loan guarantee pro blight. gram added to the Energy Research and Long Beach has simply decided that Drive to El Embarcadero Drive, along the Pier J bank of the Los Angeles River, and Development Administration Authoriza there is no good reason for a harbor to be later, from there to Anaheim Street. tion by the ERDA Conference Committee. ugly-and they have done an excellent The harbor maintenance department keeps The administration has requested as job of proving that point. Beautifica six full-time gardeners busy planting and vital for the success of the program over tion projects are an important part of m.aintaining oleander, fan palms, eucalyptus, and above the $6 billion loan guarantees, port development. Long Beach Harbor, clivia, gazanias-and any other type of trees, shrubs or ground covers which thrive on salt $4.5 billion in price supports, $600 mil like nearby Los Angeles Harbor, is to lion in construction grants and $450 mil tally self-sufficient, and is a major air and landfill. Almost all the port is landfill. Dredging lion in aid to impacted communities. We moneymaker. began at the turn of the century, when Long are therefore faced with a total price tag At this point, I would like to enter the Beach was principally a lumber port. which is almost double the amount au following newspaper article in the REC It since has grown into the largest and thorized in section 103 of the ERDA au ORD from the Long Beach Independent most prosperous market place in the west thorization! Press-Telegram-December 1, 1975- ern United States, last year serving more Below is the letter which expresses our which describes the efforts of the Port of than 100 steamship lines and 2,500 ships and arguments against this program: Long Beach to maintain environmental processing 23 million tons of cargo. Through its period of rapid growth, the ATTENTION: $11 BILLION SUBSIDY OF and scenic quality: port has attempted to fit comfortably and SYNTHETIC F'uELS "PARK" ENVIRONMENT WINS PRAISE !'OR L. B. positively into the city's environment. CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, HARBOR "But we were so busy growing and solving HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, (By Mary Ellis Carlton) the subsidence problem that we didn't have Washington, D.C., December 4, 1975. "Long Beach harbor is so clean and beauti a. chance--until recent years-to go full scale DEAR COLLEAGUE: We are writing to urge ful it is more like a park," said Ivan V. Po into landscaping and beautification of the you to vote against the Conference Report on berezhniy, deputy chief of shipping and port area," Seufert said. the Energy Research and Development Ad operations for Russia's Merchant Marine "Maintenance for so large and diverse an ministration Authorization because it in Ministry. area is a continuous program ... an end cludes sections 102 and 103-providing an He was one of six Russians touring all less task." in situ oil shale demonstration project, leas major U.S. ports, including Los Angeles. Long The department has two $60,000 vacuum ing provisions and a $6,000,000,000.00 loan Beach was the last stop. sweepers which wash, scrub and vacuum guarantee program for synthetic fuels devel "None of us has even seen such a. port- petroleum coke and coal dust--or whatever opment. These sections were added by the anywhere in the world," Poberezhniy said. from bulk loading terminals and other areas. Senate, with no hearings and little floor It's not the first praise the port has re A unique oblong harbor cleanup boat, the debate. The conferees accepted the sections. ceived for its environmental quality. "Big Dipper," dooigned and built for the port, The principal reasons for opposing the As well as emerging as a leader in world combs the harbor for logs or other debris add-on are: commerce, the port has been cited for pro which it scoops up and destroys ashore. The 1. The House is being deprived of the op tecting its waters a.nd its 11.25 square miles ship is so unique that its plans have been portunity to work its will on this program of land, most of which once wa.s ocean. given to other ports. which is comparable in magnitude to the It has received the President's "E" award Tests conducted regularly over the past 20 TVA project--by its adoption in the Con for excellence in export activities, and in 1973 years, have shown that harbor water quality ference. No floor amendments are possible. won the American Association of Port Au has remained consistently above the stand It may not be possible to have a separate thorities' first special award for environ ards prescribed by the Regional Water vote on Sections 102 and 103. If no separate n\ental enhancement and protection, beating Quality Control Board. Kelp and starfish vote is possible we must defeat the whole out 80 ports in North, South a.nd Central flourish. report, sending it back to the Conference America. The harbor department's concern for the with the understanding that we want the Almost every day, visitors-be they from environment has proved infectious. There synthetic fuels program separated from the Helsinki or Hawaii, Bombay or Bermuda are none of the decaying docks, rat-infested ERDA authorization. This could be com la.vishly praise the beauty of the almost en warehouses, oil slLcks or unsavory flotsam pleted before Christmas. tirely man-made complex. and jetsa.?n usually associated with water 2. The $6,000,000,000.00 'f'TOgram distorts Most never have seen a waterfront where fronts. our energy priorities by promoting expensive flowers bloom next to cargo terminals. Or Sea-land has extensively landscaped its new fuels rather than emphasizing conserva where lavishly landscaped scenic drives un headquarters. Sunkist Growers keeps its tion of energy. The loan guarantees are for furl like green ribbons through the maze of three warehouses spruced up with orange, the development of synthetic fuels-es coke storage sheds, grain silos, oil wells, ba lemon and lime-colored paint. Southern Cal pecially gasification of coal and development nana conveyor machines, petroleum ter ifornia Edison's decorative walls and shrubs of oil shale-even though these technologies minals and storage yards. screen its facilities. are not proven and uneconomical. Author And where else can one find a harbor with And the Harbor Department recently ear ization to use the guarantees for solar and a shoreline promenade, complete with water marked $82,000 for sprinklers, landscaping, geothermal development was added at the fall and reflector pool? screening and other beautification projects last minute by the Conferees. Based on past December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF R£MARKS 89189 ERDA experience it is clear that no more The press, which made the CPJ fund than a pittance of the authorization would A SIMPLE GLOSSARY OF LEGAL be used for the development of these clean, raiser national news, characterized Lil TERMS renewable energy resources. lian Hellman for the public as one who 3. The full environmental consequences "suffered through the McCarthy era and are not known. Strip mining, disposal of prevailed," and as "America's most fa HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE spent shale, urbanization, a.ir and water de mous woman playwright." OF MISSOURI terioration, legal battles over scarce water Not mentioned was the fact that Lillian IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES resources, construction of roads and support Hellman had joined the Communist facilities, increase incidents of cancer due Party, U.S.A., CPUSA, in 1937. In testi Monday, December 8, 1975 to the effusion, are all anticipated conse quences. mony before the House Committee on Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, Punch Un-American Activities in 1952 she said of November 12, 1975, provided a sample 4. The Program's costs are ballooning. Loan guarantees will cover the cost of construct that she had left the CPUSA around glossary of legal terms which may prove i,ng the plant, but price supports will be re 1950. She refused, however, citing her of enormous benefit to consumers as quired to market the expensive fuels. The :fifth amendment privilege against self they are about to reap the harvest of Administration has requested as vital for incrimination, to specify a date and all that the advertising industry can the success of the program over and above would not answer questions about her do for them when they go to law. the $6 billion loan guarantees, $4.5 billion separation from the Stalinists. Nor would The material follows: in price supports, $600 million in construc she discuss her CPUSA activities nor A SIMPLE GLOSSARY OF LEGAL TERMS tion grants and $450 million in a.id to im pacted communities. We a.re therefore faced those of any of her comrades. (By Miles Kington) with a total price tag which is almost double It is difficult to see what Miss Hell Appeal: Legal version of double or quits. the amount authorized in Section 103. man "suffered" other than apprehension As your Lordship well remembers: Hint We are advocating that the program re at what the HCUA investigators had dis by a barrister that he is about to refer to ceive a thorough study uncfer separate legis covered about her activities on behalf of a completely forgotten and, possibly, imag lation by both Houses of Congress according the Soviet, German, and American Com inary case. to established legislative procedure. Thus we munists, and an embarrassed red face at Bail: A surety so large that it may even ex encourage you to vote to separate sections public disclosure of her red politics. ceed a. lawyer's fees. Many lawyers are said 102 and 103 (if we are given the chance to to fall down and worship bail. do so on the floor) or vote against the con Four years after her appearance be Barrister: One who agrees to commit per ference report on the ERDA authorization. fore the House Committee on Un-Ameri jury in return for money. One who speaks William L. Armstrong, John M. Ash can Activities, Lillian Hellman's name the language of the law (see Law). At this brook, Les Aspin, Max Baucus, Michael was included in the Senate Internal Se very moment, 50% of all working barristers T. Blouin, Phillip Burton, Lawrence curity Subcommittee's list of the 82 most are engaged in commiting perjury in legal Coughlin, John D. Dingell, Bob Eck active and typical sponsors of Com !language; to do them credit, they lea.d hardt, Floyd J. Fithian. munist front organizations. otherwise quite normal lives and do not let Donald M. Fraser, Bill Frenzel, Philip it weigh on their conscience for a minute. H. Hayes, Robert W. Kastenmeier, However, now in 1975 the CPJ is char Bresler: One who seeks to turn legal Robert J. Lagomarsino, John Melcher, acterized in the press as "a civil liberties language into English in return for money. Norman Y. Mineta, Patsy T. Mink, organization," and no mention is made Capital Punishment: The system of kill Anthony Toby Moffett, John E. Moss. of its founder's service to the Communist ing a criminal to ensure that he does not Richard L. Ottinger, Henry S. Reuss, Party which is hardly a "civil liberties" repeat his crime. The pros and and cons have John H. Rousselot, James H. Scheuer, organization. The press, People, of No been so often argued that there is nothing Patricia Schroeder, John F. Seiberllng, vember 24, 1975, and the New York left to say about it, except the little-known, Harley 0. Staggers, Gerry E. Studds, conversation-stopping fact that the first Charles A. Vanik. Times, November 7, 1975, for example, European country to ban it was Liechtenstein quote from Hellman's statement of (1798). loyalty to her Communist Party com Conspiracy: When the authorities feel sure rades made before the HCUA that she that someone has done something wrong but RADICAL CHIC REVIVE THE would not "cut her conscience to :fit this are not sure what, they arrest him on a year's fashion." charge of conspiracy. It is the legal embodi FORTIES ment of the English dislike of people who Not surprisingly, Hellman has her are too clever for their own good. third book ready for publication next Costs: The amount of money needed to HON. LARRY McDONALD year by Little Brown & Co. entitled bankrupt an acquitted person. OF GEORGIA "Scoundrel Time." Said the New York Criminal Law: One that no government IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in its right mind should ever have passed. Times: Damages: What is left over after the law Monday, December 8, 1975 Her new book is written from her point of yers and the courts have taken their share. Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. view, as a. victim and as an observer of Mc Edgar Lustgarten: One who dramatises Carthyism. legal language in return for money; one who Speaker, on November 9 the Committee has noticed that lawyers' statements are not for Public Justice, CPJ, held a $100-a In plain English, it is an attack on copyright. ticket benefit dinner and "entertain public exposure of Communist subver Fine: If a defendant is adjudged to have ment" at New York's Circle in the Square sion. made money by illegal methods, he is often Theater to honor writer Lillian Hellman, So impressive was the guest list that it punished by being fined, that is, by being 70, who founded the CPJ 5 years ago. seems that the "radical chic" have de forced to watch the state enjoy his ill-gotten cided Black Panthers are passe and are gains. Some 250 guests at Gallagher's Steak GBH: George Bernard haw. A misprint. House heard MIT President Jerome including the Communist Party in its Hung Jury: In the bad old Victorian days, Wiesner lead the tributes to Hellman, nostalgia fad. the jury was occasionally taken forth and whose CPJ, working closely with the Among the celebrities rushing to pay hanged if it could not agree. American Civil Liberties Union, ACLU, is Hellman homage were Jacqueline Ken In Camera: Private showing of porno a principal contributor to the current nedy Onassis, Stephen and Joan Ken graphic films. sustained attack on the Federal Bureau nedy Smith, Leonard Bernstein, Warren Jury: Cornerstone of British justice; the right of any shifty, half-witted, scheming of Investigation's internal security op Beatty, Candace Bergen, Jane Fonda villain to be judged by his peers. erations. Hayden, Mike Nichols, Sidney Lumet, Law: The language spoken by lawyers. Also, The expensive evening of food and en and the Washington Post's award win the attempt by Parliament to define the dif tertainment-the entertainment con ning Watergate reporter Carl Bernstein ference between right and wrong, a question sisted of readings from Hellman's 12 who last December was presented with which has stumped the greatest philosophers the Tom Paine Award of the National of all time. pfays and two books-was able to raise Letter of the Law: A document written on $35,000 to enable the Committee for Pub Emergency Civil Liberties Committee, a cited Communist front long involved in thick vellum, with illustrated initial letters lic Justice to continue its work of dis wrapped in best pink ribbon and costing mantling the country's internal security efforts to discredit America's internal sums of money beyond the Post Office's wild defenses and discrediting the FBI. security defens es. est dreams. 39190 EXTENSIONS OF R£MARKS December 8, 1975 Legal Aid: I! a. barrister is too poor to get It calls for an authorization of $4.5 with the Budget Reform Act upon the pas his own cases, the state will provide them billion in price supports and $600 million sage of this authorization bill. Should any !or him free of charge. obligations be issued, subsequent repayment in construction grants as added incen to the Treasury would be made by the Ad Libel: An uncomfortable home truth, Thus, which it is fortunately illegal to publish. tives. $6 billion is only the begin ministrator by seeking specific appropriations Mackenzie's friend: An unpaid legal ad ning. When we vote this week on section fr-om the Congress. viser, and therefore an abhorrence to the 103, we will in reality be voting for more The borrowing authority of the Adminis law. Also, a Scottish homosexual. than $11 billion to the oil and gas in trator is a convenient mechanism to provide Non volenti fit injuria.: No legal glossary dustry. The ERDA letter follows: funds promptly as needed to pay any future would be complete without at least one U.S. ENERGY RESEARCH AND DE price guarantee obligations while still recog Lat in phrase. This one means: "No-one in VELOPMENT ADMIIDSTRATION nizing that such payments are difficult to the aircraft was hurt." Washington, D.C., October 22, 1975. estimate and ·will probably not occur until Oat h : Method of allying perjury to blas Hon. CARL .ALBERT, the 1980 and later timeframe. phemy. Speaker of the House of Representative3, Actual price guarantee payments a.re an Precedent: A trick which has been tried w ashington, D .a. ticipated to be significantly lower than the before, successfully. DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Transmitted herewith requested authorization (i.e., $4,500,000,000), Queen's Proctor: An officer of the la.w is an Energy Research and Development Ad because of probable increases in the world whose job is to prevent young gentlemen ministration (ERDA) proposal in the form of price of oil. However, the Administrator must climbing over the walls of Buckingha.m Pal a. draft bill "[t]o authorize the Energy Re be in a. position to make payments that may ace after midnight. search and Development Administration to be needed if the price falls below the a.greed Res ipsa loquitur: Another Latin phrase, provide price guarantees and construction price levels. The proceeds of the debt issuance for good measure. It means: "The thing grants for a. synthetic fuels commercial de would be to make any required price guar speaks for itself." Anything that speaks for monstration program, to authorize appro antee payments. The authority would not be itself is an abomination in the sight of the priations for these guarantees and grants in used !or any other purpose. Until such ap law. It should pay a lawyer to speak !or it. accordance with the Energy Reorganization propriation provision is enacted, the price Respect, With: Hint that a barrister is Act of 1974 and the Federal Nonnuclear Act guarantee authoriw requested herein would about to be disrespectful. of 1974 to establish an Assistant Administra not be utilized. Signed, Sealed and Delivered: An example tor !or Synthetic Fuels in the Energy Re Additionally, the proposed legislation of lawyers being pa.id threefold for what is search and Development Administration, and would authorize the sum of $600,000,000 for only one job. We may be sure that it was a !or other purposes." The authority to provide the purpose of providing grants for financ lawyer who devised hanging, drawing and price guarantees is pursuant to the require ing construction project costs of commer quartering. ments of Section 7(c) of the Federal Non cial demonstration facilities constructed for Slander: A kind of character assassina.tion nuclear Research and Development Act. the purpose of converting coal, oil shale, and which is forbidden among the general public The proposed legislation would authorize other domestic energy resources into syn but much enjoyed by Judges when giving ERDA to provide Federal assistance in the thetic fuels. We anticipate that an appro judgment. form of price guarantees (i.e., the producer priation will be requested to cover the full Solicitor: One who panders for business, would be pa.id the difference between a base $600,000,000 authorized !or construction e.g. one who writes to a celebrity and points price and any lower market price for the grants. The Synfuels Interagency Task Force out that he may have been libelled in a re synthetic fuel) and construction grants for Report to the President's Energy Resources cent articles in Punch and with luck they a. commercial demonstration program to pro Council has identified as an essential incen may get a few quid out of court. duce synthetic fuel from coal, oil shale, and tive to a successful commercial demonstra Sub judice: A method of restricting com other domestic energy resources. The crea tion program for production of synthetic ment on a. matter of public interest until it tion of a. synthetic fuels industry, which fuels the ability to provide construction is too late. would be facilitated by the commercial dem grants for a portion of the initial construc Subject to Contract: A legal admission that onstration program, is essential to help tion capital requirements for certain cate an Englishman's word is anything but his meet the Nation's energy needs in the next gories of potential projects. Specifically, thls bond. several decades and reduce the Nation's de incentive would be particularly useful in aid Taking silk: Much like taking lead or cop pendency on imports of oil. The incentives ing electric utilities, whose debt financing to per but not half so cumbersome. provided by this legislation, in conjunction provide capital for the construction of a new Tort: See "Puddy tat." with the loan guarantee incentives of Sec synthetic fuel fac111ty is subject to regulatory Under Appeal: Second helpings of sub tion 103 of S. 598 currently under considera limitation. judice. tion by a. Committee of Conference, could The legislation would require that Con Vic causa, vix necessitas: Latin phrase lead to the commercial demonstration of gress receive a complete report on each pro meaning that having a good reason to do synthetic fuels before 1985. Enclosure 1 sets posed project involving price guarantees or something is not necess·arlly good enough in forth the draft bill and Enclosure 2 sets construction grants, prior to the ERDA Ad law. It has never been used in English law, forth a section-by-section analysis of the ministrator approval of a project. No action for the simple reason that we have just made draft bill. could be ta.ken thereon by the Administrator it up. How many lawyers among our readers The Administrator of ERDA would be for 30 days thereafter. spotted tha.t? authorized, under the Federal Nonnuclear The creation of a synthetic fuels program Wherefore: Meaningless word used by solic Energy Research and Development Act of assisted by these incentives would require the itors to introduce other meaningless words. 1974 except to the extent otherwise provided establishment of a new organizational com xanadu: Place where Kubla Khan decreed in the proposed legislation, to provide price ponent to conduct the program. For this a. stately pleasure dome. That was before he guarantees for synthetic fuel products of a. purpose, the bill would also a.mend the Energy applied !or planning permission, of course. limited number of commercial demonstra Reorganization Act of 1974 to add another Yes, My Lord: Witty rejoinder by barrister tion plans which have been constructed a.s a Assistant Administrator in ERDA at Execu to judge. resul·t of this Federal assistance program. tive Level IV who would be responsible for Zub Judice: Restricted comment during The upper limtt on all price guarantees au the synthetic fuels commercial demonstra West Country trial. thorized under the proposed legislation tion program, and authorize the Adminis would be $4,500,000,000, which we feel would trator to appoint an additional officer at be adequate to cover any payments !or- price Executive Level Vas a deputy. guarantees that might occur over the 25-3Q The comprehensive report referred to above year probable life of the program. A revolving eythe Synfuels Interagency Task Force to ERDA REQUESTS $4.5 BILLION IN fund would be created within the Treasury the President's Energy Resources Council has PRICE SUPPORTS FOR SYNTHET for the purpose of supporting the price guar evaluated the environmental impact and IC FUELS PLANTS antee program. If at any time the monies in econOinic aspects of the proposed program. the fund a.re insufficient to en.able the Ad The draft environmental impact analysis ministrator to discharge his responsibility which was prepared during the development HON. JOHN D. DINGELL under price guarantee agreements, authority and consideration of this program within the OF MICHIGAN is provided to the Administrator to issue Executive Branch will be released !or the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES notes or obligations to the Secretary of the information of Congress and public com Treasury, subject to such terms and condi Monday, December 8, 1975 ment in accordance with guidelines of the tions as the Secretary may prescribe, to ob Council on Environmental Quality. Site Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, in order tain the funds necessary to make immediate specific environment statements covering in that the Members will know what the payment to guarantee holders. The authority to borrow from the Treasury would be lim dividual projects carried out pursuant to the Energy Research a.nd Development Ad ited to a specified a.mount to be authorized program will be issued before the projects ministration will seek next if the $6 bil in an Appropriation Act. A proposed Appro are accepted. lion loan guarantee, section 103 of H.R. priation Act which will specify the borrowing The inflationary impact of the commer 3474, is approved by Congress, I bring to authority a.mount as not to exceed $1,000,- cial demonstration synthetic fuels prograiii. your attention the full text of ERDA's 000,000, outstanding at any given time, will has been evaluated by the Executive Branch. October 22, 1975 proposal. be transmitted to the Congress consistent This evaluation has determined that the in- Dece-mber 8, 19 7 5 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39191 fiationary impact of this program is not sub (c) (1) There is hereby created within the TITLE ll stantial. Treasury a separate fund (hereafter called SEC. 201. (a) The first sentence of subsec The Office of Management and Budget has "the fund") which shall be available to the from fuels authorized by subsection (d) (1) advised that there is no objection from the Administrator without fiscal year limitation of this Section. standpoint of the Administration's programs as a revolving fund for the purpose of sub tion 102(d) of the Energy Reorganization to the submission of the draft bill for con section ( b) . Act of 1974 is amended by deleting the words sideration by the Congress and it is consistent (2) There are authorized to be appro "six Assistant Administrators" and inserting with the Administration's objectives. priated to the fund from time to time such in lieu thereof "seven Assistant Administra Sincerely, amounts as may be necessary to carry out tors," and adding after "fossil energy," the ROBERT C. SEAMANS, Jr., the purposes of subsection (b) . All amounts words "another for synthetic fuels." Administrator. received by the Administrator or assets de (b) The first sentence of subsection 102 (f) rived by him from his operations in connec of the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 is H.R.- tion with subsection (b) shall be deposited amended by deleting the word "eight" and A bill to authorize the Energy Research and in the fund. inserting in lieu thereof "nine." Development Administration to provide (3) All expenses as appropriate, including (c) Subchapter 11 (relating to Executive price guarantees and construction grants reimbursements to other government ac Schedule pay raites) of Chapter 53 of Title 5, for a synthetic fuels commercial demon counts, pursuant to operations of the Ad United States Code, is amended as follows: stration program, to authorize appropria ministrator under subsection (b) shall be paragraph (100) of Section 5315 is amended tions for these guarantees and grants in paid from the fund. If at any time the Ad by deleting " ( 6) " and inserting in lieu there accordance with the Energy Reorganization ministrator determines that monies in the of "(7)"; paragraph (135) of Section 5316 is Act of 1974 and the Federal Nonnuclear fund exceed the present and any reasonably amended by deleting " ( 8) " and inserting in Energy Research and Development Act of prospective future requirements of the fund lieu thereof " (9) ." 1974, to amend the Energy Reorganization such excess may be transferred to the generai Act of 1974 to establish an Assistant Ad fund of the Treasury. SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS (4) If at any time the monies available ministrator for Synthetic Fuels in the En in the fund are insufficient to enable the Subsection 101 (a) of the bill states the ergy Research and Development Adminis Administrator to discharge his responsibili purpose of this section, which is to authorize tration, and for other purposes ties under price guarantee agreements au Federal assistance in the form of price gua.r Be it enacted by the Senate and House of thorized under this Section, he shall issue antees (i.e., the producer would be p!l.id the Representatives of the United States of Amer to the Secretary of the Treasury notes or difference between a base price and any lower ica in Congress assembled, other obligations in such forms and denomi market price for synthetic fuels) and con TITLE I nations, bearing such maturities, and subject struction grants for commercial size demon stration facilities which produce synthetic SECTION 101. (a) It is the purpose of this to such terms and conditions as may be pre scribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. This fuels from coal, oil shale, and other domestic section to authorize Federal assistance in the resources which, in conjunction with other form of price guarantees and construction borrowing authority shall be effective only to such extent or in such amounts as are Federal assistance incentive programs, would grants for a commercial demonstration pro lead to the production of an equivalent of gram to produce synthetic fuels from coal, oil specified in appropriation acts and shall be available without fiscal year limitation. Re one million barrels of oil per day. shale, and other domestic resources which. in Subsection 101 (b) (1) authorizes the Ad conjunction with other Federal assistance in demption of such notes or obligations shall be made by the Administrator from appro ministraitor of Energy Research and Develop centive programs, will lead to the produc ment (hereinafter the Administrator) in tion of an equivalent of one million barrels of priations or other monies available under subsection (c) (2). Such notes or other ob accordance with the Federal Nonnuclear Re oil per day. search and Development Act of 1974 except (b) (1) The Administrator of Energy Re ligations shall bear interest at a rate deter mined by the Secretary of the Treasury, to the extent specifically provided in this search and Development (hereinafter, the bill, to provide price guarantees for the syn Administrator) is hereby authorized, in ac which shall be not less than a rate deter mined by taking into consideration the aver thetic fuel products of the commercial cordance with the provisions of the Federal demonstration facilities which convert coal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Develop age market yield on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States of compar oil shale and other domestic energy resource~ ment Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 1878, 42 U.S.C. into such synthetic fuel products. The total 5901 et seq.) except to the extent provided able maturities during the month preceding the issuance of the notes or other obligations. amount of such price guarantees shall not in this Act, to provide price guarantees for The Secretary of the Treasury shall purchase exceed $4,500,000,000. The authority to enter the synthetic fuel products of commercial any notes or other obligations issued here into new price guarantees would expire on demonstration facilities which convert coal, under and for that purpose he is authorized September 30, 1982. Concurrence of the Sec oil shale and other domestic energy resources to use as a public debt transaction the pro retary of the Treasury is required as to the into such synthetic fuel products: Provided, ceeds from the sale of any securities issued timing and substantial terms prior to issu that the total amount of such price guar under the Second Liberty Bond Act and the ing a guara,ntee. Specific authorization antees shall not exceed $4,500,000,000, and purpose for which securities may be issued would not be required for price guarantees that the authority to provide guarantees under that Act are extended to include any for individual projects if such guarantees a.re shall expire September 30, 1982. Prior to purchase of such notes or obligations. The from funds authorized by this subsection. issuing any such guarantee, the Adminis Secretary of the Treasury may at any time Subsection 101 (b) (2) requires the Ad trator shall obtain the concurrence of the sell any of the notes or other obligations ministrator to submit a complete report to Secretary of the Treasury as to the timing acquired by him under this subsection. All the appropriate committees of Congress on and substantial terms and conditions of the redemptions, purchases, and sales by the any proposed project involving price guar guarantee. Secretary of the Treasury of such notes or antees authorized by this section for syn (2) The Administrator shall submit a com other obligations shall be treated as public thetic fuel products. No price guar!l.ntee plete report to the appropriate committees debt transactions of the United States. agreement shall be finalized prior to the ex of the Congress on any proposed project ( d) (1) There is hereby authorized to be piration of 30 calendar days (not including involving price guarantees for synthetic fuel appropriated to the Energy Research and any days on which either House of Congress products authorized by this section, which Development Administration $600,000,000 for is not in session because of adjournment of report shall include the estimated amount the purpose of providing grants for financing not more than three calendar days to a day of the total price guarantee for such project, certa.in) from the date from which the Ad and no price guarantee shall be finalized construction project costs of commercial demonstration facilities for the conversion of ministrator's report is received by the prior to the expiration of thirty calendar Congress. days (not including any day on which either coal, oil shale, and other domestic energy re sources into synthetic fuels, and the Admin Subsection 101 (b) (3) provides that in House of Congress is not in session because dividual projects receiving price guarantees, of adjournment of more than three calendar istrator is hereby authorized to make such authorized by subsection (b) (1) shall be sub days to a day certain) from the date on grants; provided that authority to make such ject to the provisions of the Federal Non which the Administrator's report is received grants shall expire September 30, 1982. nuclear Research and Development Act of by the Congress. Specific authorization shall (2) The Administrator shall submit a com 1974 except that subsections 7(c) (3), 7(c) not be required for price guarantees for in plete report to the appropriate committees (5), and 7(c) (6) of that Act would not apply dividual projects if such guarantees a.re from of the Congress on any construction grant to price guarantees authorized by this sec funds authorized by subsection (b) ( 1) of to be awarded pursuant to subsection (d) (1) tion. Subsection 7(c) (3) basically provides and no grant may be made prior to the ex this Section. for bids from interested parties to determine (3) Individual projects receiving price piration of thirty calendar days (not in the minimum a.mount of Federal price sup guarantees authorized by subsection (b) ( 1) cluding any day on which either House of port needed to construct a demonstration fa of this Section shall be subject to the appli- Congress is not in session because of ad cillty. Subsection 7(c) (5) in effect provides cable provisions of the Federal Nonn'1clear journmernt of more than three ca.lendar days for a single Congressional authorization of Energy Research and Development Act of to a day certain) from the date on which the full estimated a.mount of price support 1974, except that subsections 7(c) (3), 7(c) the Administrator's report is received by for a project selected.. Subsection 7(c) (6) re (5) and 7(c) (6) of such Act shall not apply the Congress. Specific authorization shall quires specific Congressional authorization to price guarantees authorized by subsection not be required for construction grants for before any price support program is imple (b) ( 1) of this Section. individual projects if such grants are made mented. 39192 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 Price guarantees for synthetic fuels author gress on new construction grants to be as well as quadraphonic-four channel ized by this section have been exempted from awarded pursuant to subsection (d) (1), and quintaphonic-five channel-Sensur the above noted support provisions of the no agreement shall be finalized prior to the round, Todd-AO and other six-track Federal Nonnuclear Research and Develop expiration of 30 calendar days from the date systems, and other sound innovations ment Act. A 12- 15 plant synthetic fuel com from which the Administrator's report is re mercial demonstration program has been de ceived by the Congress. Specific authoriza yet to come. veloped in order to achieve, during its first tion shall not be required for construction The projection equipment is equally phase, 350,000 oil equivalent barrels/ day of grants for individual projects if such grants advanced, and will show 16-, 35-, and 70- production capacity before 1985. This objec are made from funds authorized by this sec millimeter films and includes the flexi tive could not be met unless this limited tion. bility to add such exotic advancements commercial demonstration program is au Subsection 201 (a) would amend the En as projecting holograms-three-dimen t h orized intact. This program necessitates a ergy Reorganization Act of 1974 to add one sional images. Equipment is in place that differen t procedure for implementing price new Assistant Administrator in ERDA for guarantees than contained in the noted sub synthetic fuels. This Assistant Administrator will permit showing of all film formats section 7 (c) of the Federal Nonnuclear Re would be appointed by the President, by ranging from television proportions to search and Development Act. and with the consent of the Senate. wide-screen dimensions. The proposed procedure of subsections 101 Subsection 20l(b) would amend the Re The Margaret Herrick Library occu (b) and (c) is consistent with the procedure organization to add one more officer in addi pies two floors of the building and con for loan guarantees for commercial demon tion to the Assistant Administrator who tains more than 9,000 books, 500,000 still st rat ion synthetic fuel facilities contained in could be appointed by the Administrator as photographs, 2,000 posters, and files on the ERDA Fiscal Year 1976 Authorization Bill the Deputy Assistant Administrator for Syn approximately 40,000 motion pictures. (Section 103 of S. 598) , as passed by the thetic Fuels. Senate. Since the synthetic fuel commercial Subsection 20l(c) would amend the Execu representing almost every American demonstration program involves the use of tive Schedule pay rates so that the new theatrical release since 1915. Generally multiple incentives, i.e., price guarantees, Assistant Administrator for Synthetic Fuels acknowledged to be the most complete loan guarantees and construction grants would be an Executive Level IV and the other film-related library in the world, its fa either individually or in combination, a con additional officer would be an Executive Level cilities are available without charge to sistent procedure to consider competitive re v. the membership of the academy, stu quests for either one or more of these incen dents, press, studio research depart tives for specific projects has been selected ments, and the public. and incorporated into subsection 101 (b) and ACADEMY OF MOTION PICTURE (c). This is generally consistent with the wide The academy brings together some of ARTS AND SCIENCES OPENS NEW the most creative and talented people in array of financial incentives provided under HEADQUARTERS Section 7 of the Federal Nonnuclear R&D the motion picture industry who are Act. continuously working to bring the pub Subsection 101 ( c) creates, within the HON. THOMAS M. REES lic the best possible entertainment on Treasury, a revolving fund which is to be OF CALIFORNIA film. The academy sponsors the annual available without fiscal year limitation. Sub Academy Awards Presentation, publishes section lOl(c) (2) authorizes appropriations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a Players Directory for motion picture to the fund in such amounts as may be nec Monday, December 8, 1975 essary to carry out the program. The purpose and television casting officers, also pub of the fund pursuant to subsection lOl(c) (2) Mr. REES. Mr. Speaker, today, on lishes the Screen Achievement Records is to serve as a conduit to receive monies Monday, December 8, 1975, the Academy Bulletin, sponsors student film awards which may be appropriate to the fund or of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences of and scholarships to aid and encourage which may accrue to the Administrator in ficially dedicates its new headquarters in students of the motion picture in univer conducting this program. Expenses as appro sities and colleges, and presents seminars priate, such as the payments to the holder of Beverly Hills. The new seven-story fa price guarantees, pursuant to subsection 101 cility, which is located in my district, and film retrospectives. (c) (3) are to be paid from the fund. It is represents the culmination of nearly a Through the annual Academy Awards contemplated that these expenses would not decade of efforts on the part of the acad Presentation, only one of the many proj include normal agency operating costs, such emy's president, Walter Mirisch, the ects carried out on a year-round basis, as salaries of personnel who are administer board of governors, and the membership. the academy has attained worldwide ing the program. Should the Administrator It is the first time in the 48-year history prestige and has provided a powerful in ever be required to fulfill obligations payable of the academy, a nonprofit organiza centive for producers, directors, writers. under price guarantee agreements, and the actors, cinematographers and other fund ts in.sufficient to cover such obligations, tion, that all of its facilities have been authority is provided by subsection 101 (b} located in one building under its own artists and craftsmen to strive for in (4) for the Administrator to issue notes and ownership. creasingly higher achievements. The other obligations to the Treasury. This au The new building will serve as the chief aims of the awards for artistic thority will be requested in the form of an planning headquarters for the many ac achievement are to raise the standards of appropriation act subsequent to favorable tivities of the academy and its 3,800 motion picture production culturally Congressional action on this proposal. This members representative of the most tal and technically, and to dignify the film approach is consistent with the Budget Re medium. form Act. Should any obligations be issued, ented men and women in the various di the Administrator would seek specific appro visions of the film industry. It contains Mr. Speaker, I include the text of the priations to reimburse the Treasury. The Ad an 1,111-seat theater, an 80-seat screen Christian Science Monitor article of No ministrator would be authorized to borrow ing room, a major film industry research vember 7, 1975, in the RECORD at this up to the total outstanding amount which library, the players directory used for point in my remarks: amount would be specified in an appropria casting purposes, and administrative HOLLYWOOD'S NEW TREASURE CHEST tion act. The Secretary of the Treasury would (By Curtis J. Sitomer) be authorized by subsection 101 ( c) ( 4) to offices. purchase the notes or other obligations issued The Samuel Goldwyn Theater will be BEVERLY HILLS, CALIF.-Do you know how by the Administration as a public debt trans used by the academy's members to screen Archie Leach launched his professional ca action under procedures which are standard works in an ideal film-viewing situation. reer? Or what Ruby Steven's favorite food in other Government guarantee programs. All aspects of the theater's design, in is? Subsection lOl(d) (1) authorizes $600,000,- You don't care? Perhaps you would if you cluding the screen, seat placement, sound realized that Archie Leach is really Cary 000 for the purpose of providing grants for system, acoustics and projection room financing construction project costs of com Grant and Ruby Stevens is Barbara Stan mercial demonstration facilities for the con have been custom-designed to make this wyck. version of coal, oil shale and other domestic theater the finest possible facility for People fascinated by Hollywood's "real" energy resources into synthetic fuel; pro screening films. The theater will be able names, details of celluloid careers, cast and vided that authority to make such grants to accommodate every presently antici credit sheets, production files, theatrical pro shall expire September 30, 1982. Generally, pated technological advance in the art files, and publicity clips now can glean al construction project costs for synthetic fuels most everything there is to k now about the of filmmaking for at least a quarter sliver screen in the Academy of Motion Pic facilities would include costs such as the of a. century. For example, the sound costs incurred for land, construction, interest ture Arts and Sciences new clepository here. or other debts during construction, initial system of the theater anticipates the Due for !ormal dedication in early De start-up expenses, etc. use of multichannel true-fidelity movie cember, "Oscar's" reading room numbers Subsection 101 ( d) (2) would require the sound in the future, and has made more than 9,000 books, pamphlets, and Administrator to submit a complete report provisions for it. The theater is also periodicals a.bout the movie industry-span to the appropriate committees of the Con- equipped to handle stereophonic sound, ning almost a century of ftlmmaking. Acad- December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF R£MARKS 39193 emy president Walter Mirisch tabs the collec I realize that as we become more and sonally alarmed that we are going to have tion the "most complete film-related library more urbanized, fewer and fewer people mass shut-downs. The post office won't shut in the world." can identify with the folklore and ro down an installation just because it isn't And Librarian Mildred Simpson stresses paying its own way. A community post office that movieland data isn't kept here merely mance of the small rural post office. doesn't pay for itself. But before we'll shut for those who are tingled by tinsel. The new But that romance and folklore still live one down we have to be sure certain guide library, like a smaller facility elsewhere which and many of us still have a soft spot in lines are adhered to. For one thing, we've got housed Hollywood memorabilia before it, will our hearts for the community post office. to think of the postmaster. What do we do cater to serious students of the arts, uni Many of us fear the demise of these with a postmaster if he's had 25 years of serv versity scholars, researchers, and movie brass. institutions because of the tight-fisted ice? We can't just let him go. There's got It is part of a $4.2 million just-built academy money management policy that some to be a vacancy in that job. complex which also houses an acoustically "Also, we have a policy of not closing down designed, futuristic "preview" theater, times seems to permeate the Postal Serv a post office unless there are fewer than 25 screening rooms, and administrative offices. ice Corporation. customers. We can consider it if the govern Mr. Mirisch points out that the public gen Winston Bode is a respected print and ment can't find a suitable place in the com erally thinks of the academy only in terms o! media journalist in central Texas and munity-if the owner where there's a post its annual Hollywood spectacular, the na indeed the United States. Recently, his office wants to turn a grocery store into an tionally televised and much-promoted newspaper column caught the essence of antique shop. awards presentation in the spring. what many of us feel about our post of "And if we shut down a post office, we But he stresses it also sponsors student fices. His column features an interview must be able to provide equal or better serv prizes and university scholarships, presents ice to the customers, say, through a rural seminars and film retrospectives, publishes with Mr. Max Noe, an individual who route. After all, there's a floating post office a host of periodicals (including a players has served the public faithfully for 39 that goes right by their door." directory and credits bulletin for motion years. Max Noe is the kind of postal em Noe said another condition for closing a picture and television casting offices) , and ployee that brings human kindness to community service is that a postal facility maintains an outstanding research collection. an incredibly massive job. must be available to the customers within six Even before its official opening, Mrs. Simp This column appeared in the Hill to 10 miles from the community. son's team of librarians is fielding an ava Country News on December 4, 1975, in "If all these conditions are met, then we'll lanche of queries about films ranging from think about shutting down a third or fourth "Birth of a Nation" to "Jaws." Mr. Bode's "Capital Talk" column. class post office," said Noe. "But you can see The academy's chief book collector says The article follows: we've got some pretty tight guidelines to fol there is a current concentration of movie re SAVE THE (POST) MARK low-almost too tight." search on women and minorities in films and One of the nightmares of Big Government What did he mean? on so-called "B" pictures of the 1940s and has been its messing with the U.S. post office. "We have one post office that serves 11 cus 1950s, mainly westerns. It was one of the ironies of the Nixon Ad tomers. And they all drive into a town every She adds that there is also a renaissance ministration that it pitched appeals to day that's six miles away. It costs us four or of interest in the careers of the late stars America's heartlands, and at the same time five thousand dollars a year to keep that post Humphrey Bogart, Rudolph Valentino, Clark set up machinery to kill the shade tree office open." Gable, and Carol Lombard. community post office. But Noe agreed there are political and emo "But Judy Garland is probably the alltime The aim of the postal reorganization act of tional angles to consider against fiscal man favorite," Mrs. Simpson says. 1970, for which we can thank both Demo agement standards in the post office business. Types of films most in demand now, ref crats and Repuhlicans, was to make postal "People who are born and raised in a small erence staffers say, are whodunits and dis revenues and expenses match by 1984. The community-when they lose their post mark, aster spectaculars such as "Earthquake" and old Post Office Department was abolished they lose their identity," he said. "Towering Inferno." They add that interest and replaced by a quasi-governmental agency It is true most "Bug Tussle" type post in sports-related scripts has greatly abated. that could float its own bonds. No longer did marks are disappearing. Among specialty items in the academy li Congress appropriate all postal money for "But we are backing off from having no brary here a re a collection of Mack Sennet t operating expenses, with the revenue fl.ow geographic post mark," Noe said. "We are re comedy scripts, and scrapbooks of famed ing back into the U.S. Treasury. turning to the regional mail processing cen - movie columnist Louella Parsons. Highly val The new U.S. Postal Service was designed ter post mark." ued color-splashed posters of Mary Pickford along corporate lines to be a paying proposi Which, in the days of agri-buslness, cor as "Mistress Nell" and of Douglas Fairbanks tion. U.S. citizens became customers to the porate farming and televised bank tellers, is are among academy collectors' favorites. post office. something. 1984 isn't here yet. And movie trivia buffs, librarians point out, Consolidation and reglonalizatlon became impress each other with data on former First the order of the day. For the sake of efficiency, Lady Pat Nixon's abbreviated career as a whole bunches of towns were lumped to studio "extra" in the 1930s, lists of ex-Cali gether in "sectional centers." The post mark THE INFORMATION CHALLENGE: fornia Gov. Ronald Reagan's "western" cred of an individual city became a thing of the its, and Allied Artists' early production days past. It was the beginning of the period in WILL CONGRESS BECOME OBSO under the name of Monogram Pictures. which if you malled a letter to your lawyer LETE? Then there's Academy Award winner Regi downtown, it went into bureaucratic orbit nald Truscott-Jones who starred in "Lost and circled the county for about three days Weekend" under the assumed name of Ray by truck. HON. PHILLIP BURTON Milland. And Big, blustering Marlon Morri We do not want you to think depersonalized OF CALIFORNIA son who few would dare call anything other mass-production techniques are coming to than "Duke" or John Wayne. an end at the post office. But postal veteran IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Max Nee, who was ending an interim post Monday, December 8, 1975 The new facilities of the Academy of mastershlp in Austin the day we talked to Motion Picture Arts and Sciences will him, and who has 39 years of service in the Mr. PHILLIP BURTON. Mr. Speaker, benefit filmgoers throughout the coun U.S. malls business, says there ls a ray of certainly one of the most critical issues try. Therefore, I urge my colleagues to hope. facing the Congress today is our need for share my enthusiasm and join with me "I think they've about decided they made information about the wide range of mat in acknowledging the academy's valuable a mistake," said Noe. "I believe they've de cided we are a service, not a business." ters that affect our ability to legislate ef contributions to the motion picture in fectively and promptly to meet our Na dustry, and recognizing that this new Specifically, he was referring to an alarm building represents a continuation of its spreading through the land that the com tion's n3eds. munity post office had to go. The importance of having information many services to its members, the motion No more pulling up to the store, at Hye, picture community and the public at Texas-if you lived in the Hill Country available to us expeditiously and accu large. and parking your pick-up truck full o! feed rately is highlighted in this most impor while you went in and got your mail, then tant address by the Honorable CHARLES ROSE of North Carolina, chairman of the SAVE THE (POST) MARK chatted with the front porch crowd about how much damage the hail had done to the Ad Hoc Computer SUbcommittee of the peaches and oats. Committee on House Administration. HON. J. J. PICKLE "There ain't no way we're in one fell swoop I hope my colleagues will read with gonna close 12,000 post offices-that is, all OF TEXAS the fourth class offices and a few third class care his recent address before the Gov IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ones," said Noe, talking about news reports ernment/ Industry Conference of the Monday, December 8, 1975 of some phase outs of little community post American Institute of Industrial Engi offices. neers, held at the International Inn in Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, times "Now, it's easy for me to say, 'Spicewood, Washington, D.C., on December 3, 1975. change and with them certain attitudes. Texas, don't you worry,' but I am not per- The article follows: 39194 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975
THE INFORMATION CHALLENGE: WILL CON what our goals are. We need to feel that we We are feeling stronger in our investiga GRESS BECOME OBSOLETE? can in:fluence the basic decisions that affect tive abilities thanks to improved informa (By Charles G. Rose ill) our lives and on which our welfare, equity tion, and we are accepting our strength as it and achievement depend. relates to committee reports and the power Good afternoon and thank you for inviting Now, Congress is like a human being. It of approval. We are asking the Executive me to be your luncheon speaker today. I see has limbs and organs, attitudes and prej Branch and the CIA and big labor and agri some familiar faces from my visit with you udices, feelings and needs. As a body it, business to listen to what we say. We demand last June, and it is good to be back with you too, requires a sense of welfare, equity, a listening ear and a tolerant reception of today. achievement and participation. And our in our ideas. Veto after veto seems unjust to We who are connected with computer oper ability to function smoothly may be indic most of us. We represent the people of this ations frequently get credit for the wonder ative of the fact that Congress has taken ful efficiency computers have brought to our country, and we want to be heard. its eye off the ball. But, in terms of the in A SENSE OF ACHIEVEMENT departments and agencies and other units formation challenge, we are only just begin of government. Of course, we also get blamed ning to define what that ball looks like. Our third basic need is a sense of achieve when a keypunch operator makes an error ment, a belief that the direction in which and a program goes askew. But hopefully A SENSE OF WELFARE we are going has purpose and that meaning none of you have a problem like the one I Let's look at that first basic need of a hu ful progress is being made. Cries about a do read about recently in a classified adver man being-a sense of welfare, a belief that nothing Congress and the impotence of the tisement in the Saturday Review. Here it is: one has enough. legislative branch have hurt our ego. Re "Computer error has resulted in 600,000 In the Congress, as many of you know, member, I said that the Congress is like a Declaration of Independence medallions with we are lagging far behind the Executive human being, and we have feelings, too. likeness of King George instead of Thomas Branch in the use of computer technology. In an attempt to curb the sense of budg Jefferson. Would like to dispose of entire lot Currently, we have only 7 operational com etary inequity, the Congressional Budget and quietly. Write Box T.J." puter systems on Capitol Hill, while the Ex Impoundment Act of 1974 was passed to es Well, that's a mistake in keeping with the ecutive Branch has over 7,000. tablish the Congressional Budget Office. Dr. Revolutionary spirit of the Bicentennial, but Seven thousand to seven is a sizeable gap, Alice Rivlin is director of the CBO and she I'm sure that neither King George nor not to be filled immediately-and maybe and her staff are utilizing several econ ometric Thomas Jefferson would have envisioned the not at all. How many systems are "enough" models as well as other fiscal, budgetary, and electronic revolution that is taking place in for the Congress to feel a sense of welfare? program-related data systems. In addition, our Governmental affairs today. We already have an Electronic Voting Sys a 5 year projection must accompany each Even in the Congress-supposedly the last tem for use in Congressional votes. This has proposed expenditure. For the first time, the bastion of resistance to change--that spirit saved valuable time, insured accuracy, and Congress will have the ability to consider prevails, because we are finally realizing that won unanimous approval from the users. the Federal Budget independently of the Ex we have to mobilize information sources to Our Bill Status Office tracks every legisla ecutive Branch, and we can set our own our advantage. tive action in the House and Senate and budget priorities within a coherent whole. For if we fail, the question of Congress be provides short cuts for staff investigators In an attempt to add foresight to the Con coming obsolete will not be merely an aca unheard of before the 93rd Congress. gressional mind, we have also outlined sev demic one. The Library of Congress has 5 databases eral goals. Our sense of achievement is ap Harlan Cleveland of the Aspen Institute at on-line with a 6th to be added soon, and the proaching as we proceed in a general direc Princeton says that in America we have House Administration Committee has re tion toward them. ta.ken our eye off the ball. The sense of des cently authorized Members to allocate $1,000 We envision a "situation room" for the tiny and the sense of mission which have a month for computer services. Commercial Congress accessible to House Members and been common American feelings for 200 databases can be rented and a tie-up with Senators in which graphs and charts and years, have become weakened. Political as the Library of Congress system is free. computer terminals would be available for sassinations, Vietnam, Watergate, the in How much is enough? Adding 6,993 com instant examinations of federal revenues ability to feel safe on familiar streets, the puter systems to the Congress wlll make us where they were going and where they were sudden shrinkage of the American dollar, equal to the Executive Branch, but will it coming from--every single day. disclosures of international intrigue, the im make us more efficient? I doubt it. Besides, We want the Executive Branch to send us pairment of our environment because of our random additions of new technologies doesn't the budget in better machine-readable !or industrial growth, unemployment and in insure anything but wholesale rejection. mat so that we do not have to spend mon~hs :flation, the shortage of fuel, the incertainty What we need to consider is not how many reprogramming it for the various committees. of global politics--each might have led to systems, but which systems. We want to have the same banks of in self doubt. Coming together as they have in A SENSE OF EQUITY formation available to us that the Executive recent years, these events have produced The second basic need of Congress is a Branch has. They use consultants from all a feeling that the strength of American sense of equity-a belief that we are being over the world; they talk with business power cannot even protect us at home. treated fairly and with justice. leaders about future trends and future pro If we accept the premise that we have Of course, the question of justice can be jections. They confer with scientists and taken our eye off the ball, the next question a relative one, but we can assume that Con economists so that they can predict changes is: Who shall refocus our sense of direction? gress wants not to be measured by some uni in the international scene. Our sense of fail I have on doubt that someone or some versal standard, but to be compared with ure has been due to our lack of knowledge. thing will come along to point the way. But other government branches. We lurch from crisis to crisis, frequently re if we are to continue to have a democratic We would like a sense of equity when deal acting instead of acting. We want to change form of government, the Congress must play ing with the Federal Budget. In the past, the that. We want to feel that we in the Congress a leading role in the process. I don't think Executive has written the budget, altered have an understanding of, an anticipation I am being over dramatic in saying that the functional categories, sent the package to the for, impending crises. And we want the future of our democracy rides with the re Congress, lobbied for sections it thought im knowledge inherent in the information re sponse we can produce. So let us ask, how portant and waited for a reaction, all the lated to those problems. can we refocus our sense of direction? while further confusing us and those we rep In early September, Senator John Culver The Declaration of Independence states the resent with impoundments, recissions, and and I sponsored the first Congressional Semi justification for governments: "to secure deferrals. nar on the Future. Alvin Toffier and members these rights" of Life, Liberty, and the Pur The Congress, when it receives the Budget of a citizen committee called the Ad Hoc suit of Happiness. document, divides it up among various sub Committee for Anticipatory Democracy spoke While our Founding Fathers did not spell committees. When these groups report to the to us in a day of exploratory sessions about out precise rules, we can try to set certain full Congress, we usually accept their rec futurist technology and long-range planning. priorities. Mr. Cleveland suggests four prior ommendations. In most of our actions, we We were reminded that we need to spend some time looking at what our goals for the ities which I find muminating. are looking at the trees and not the forest. And all too often the whole does not equal country are, that there are experts in every First, we need a sense of welfare, a belief field all over the country who would like to that we have at least the minimum staiid the sum of the parts. It is not a very efficient help us. ard in material living. We need to have what way to evaluate how our tax money will be spent or how we determine priorities. Dr. Jay Forrester of M.I.T. was on the H111 our society thinks of as enough. in late September talking about his model of Second, we need a sense of equity, a feel In a search for a sense of equity, we are the American socio-economic system. The ing that we are being treated fairly, with looking toward several new alternative op possibilities of his research are astounding, justice, as compared to others in similar era.ting methods. One is our new Budget Committee, which is blowing the whistle and would be most useful to the Congress. situations. when we tend to increase some favored pro If we could make a trial run of some of Third, we need a sense of achievement and gram by ignoring the consequences of the our proposed legislation in the model and a belief that the group to which we belong effect on the entire budget. Its members are learn its potential effect without spending 1s making progress and moving toward mu making us look at the forest. And we a.re huge sums of money and perhaps wasting tually decided on goals. asking the Executive Branch to be fairer with valuable time, we would be far along in our And, finally, we need a sense of participa us in terms of information turnover and rele ability to govern with integrity these United tion and the belief that we can help decide vant background information. States. December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39195 We do not want to be thought of as a do the responsibility of developing a coordi there has been reduced pressure on narcotics nothing Congress. We need a sense of achieve nated, coherent, and e:fiective Federal operators at all levels. ment. The record will show that we have been drug policy. Police officials project more than 1,000 one of the most active in many years. And ovedose deaths this year from various drugs in several informational areas, we believe I wish to insert into the RECORD at this the highest total since 1969. This steep rise that we are moving forward, making prog point a copy of the New York Times arti may be attributed partly to an increase in ress and directing our energies toward a cle, and I am hopeful that my colleagues addicts and partly to the availability of meaningful goal. take the time to review the grave situa stronger heroin. A SENSE OF PARTICIPATION tion described in this article: OPTIMISM MISPLACED Finally, our fourth priority is a sense of ILLEGAL NARCOTICS TRAFFIC Is WORST HERE IN Only two years ago many drug-enforce participation. We want to believe that we 5 YEARS; MORE HEROIN AND COCAINE ARE ment officials believed that New York's nar are influential in the decisions that are made. REACHING CITY THAN AT ANY TIME SINCE cotics problems, especially heroin addiction. We want to feel that we have some control 1960'S-0PEN STREET SALES COMMON were waning. The optimism was based on over our destiny. We want to restore our (By Selywyn Raab) Turkey's decision to ban the growing of sense of mission. New York is experiencing its worst illegal opium poppies, which are the source of And this we cannot do alone. We a.re de heroin; the convictions of several important pendent on the President, on the Supreme narcotics trafficking in :ti ve years, according to high law enforcement officials. Mafia narcotics figures, and the growth of Court, on big and small business, on our narcotics rehabilitation programs. constituents at home. The major issues need Narcotics investigators believe that not since the late 1960's have such large sup In 1973, although there was a large but to be expressed with some clarity; the na undetermined number of drug abusers, wide tional goals should be stated with our help; plies of heroin and cocaine been smuggled into the city by drug dealers. Moreover, these open street sales had become rare and heroin the country's direction should have our in supplies appeared to be drying up. put. We are the voice of the people. Their investigators say that open street sales are a common sight in Harlem and the East Officials said that the situation began to voices should be heard through ours. change last year when black and Hispanic Seven thousand new computer systems Village. In addition, heroin overdose deaths appar dealers, who had previously relied on the will not satisfy this basic need. Information Mafia for their supplies, organized their own will not solve the problem of apathy. If we ently are rising this year-a grim sign that the addict population may be increasing. heroin networks from Mexico and the Golden are to keep our eyes on the ball, we must be Triangle in Asia, Thailand, Burma and Laos. allowed to play the game. And part of that Among the factors in the increase in nar cotics trafficking here, law-enforcement offi From laboratory analysis of narcotics seiz game will involve making the rules. ures here, the police have determined that I will admit that the electronic game is cials say, are the recent emergence of major black and Hispanic narcotics rings and cut about 65 percent of the heroin now sold in a new one, that times are hard, that change the city is from Mexico and 35 percent from is rapid and we are threatened with obsoles backs in the Police Narcotics Division here. "It's wide open again," said Sterling John Asia. cence. But I believe the Congress will sur According to Federal sources, some black vive, can survive, must survive because it is son, the city's special narcotics prosecutor. "We've got more heroin than ever before. The dealers are purchasing large quantities of our only truly representative branch of gov heroin in individual deals involving hun ernment. And the fulfillment of its basic quality has increased and the price has stabilized. From the reports I get, it looks dreds of thousands of dollars in Asia and needs will be directly related to the fulfill• Mexico. Some black drug organizations super ment of our national needs. like we're right back where we were in the late 1960's." vise the entire distribution process, from A Federal drug enforcement official, Mi smuggling to "milling" or the packaging of chael J. Costello, agrees that heroin and co heroin, and the final street sales, Federal in caine problems in the metropolitan area are vestigators say. A NEW DRUG CRISIS "escalating." The police and Federal intelligence reports "We had a leveling off around 1973 and it indicate that the black and Hispanic opera appeared that the action was down compared tors pushed a.side the Mafia without any HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. with the peak years of 1969 and 1970, but it bloody gang wars. OLD DONS JAILED OF NEW JERSEY is starting to climb again," said Mr. Costello, deputy chief of intelligence for the New York "The old dons like Vincent Papa were going IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES office of the Drug Enforcement Administra off to jail in the early 1970's and at the same Monday, December 8, 1975 tion. time the Turkish-French connection was cut In Harlem, Gregory Hutchins, a narcotics off," one Federal agent explained. Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, for several rehabilitation worker, said: "I've never seen "The younger Mafia guys have a lot of months I have been deeply concerned by it the way it is now. Walk up Eighth Avenue other good things going for them and, right the inadequacy of the Federal response and you can hear the pushers calling out now, they don't seem interested in narcotics to the rapid increase in the availability brand names." or narcotics wars. They can sit back and wait of hard drugs on the streets of our cities. An investigation of the current drug situ for the Turkish crop. They know the ropes My original concern stemmed from the ation here by The New York Times has in Europe and they can always get back in 11 found that during the last year the follow they want to." decision of the Turkish Government to ing major changes have occurred: During the last two years, Federal agents reinstate the cultivation of opium pop Control of the illicit narcotics trade has discovered that Hispanic drug dealers, espe pies, and my serious reservations that shifted significantly from the hands of the cially Cubans, had succeeded in establishing the Turkish Government had the capac Mafia, to new black and Hispanic importers ties with Mexican heroin suppliers. The il ity or desire to prevent the diversion of and dealers. The Mafia still retains a size legal cultivation of opium increased in Mex these opium poppies into illicit channels. able, if reduced, role in drug trafficking. City ico following the Turkish Government's re That situation, coupled with the in police and Federal agents believe that the strictions on the legal farming of that crop. old bosses could make a comeback with the "It was easier for the Hispanics than the creasing flow of brown heroin from resumption this year of opium cultivation in Mafia to open up the Mexican market," one Mexico to this country, has produced a Turkey. Drug Enforcement Administration official drug crisis which far exceeds that which One example of the expanding black un said. "They had the language and cultural was experienced by this country in the derworld influence in narcotics trafficking is ability to gain the confidence of the Mexi early 1970's. the reported establishment of a group of Har cans. The Hispanic dealers in this area are This morning's New York Times de lem-based drug dealers, known as the Coun not as experienced or as well organized i:J. cil of 12. Few details are known about this heroin as the blacks or the Mafia. But it cer scribed the illegal narcotics traffic as the tainly looks like they want a piece of the "worst here in 5 years" and the article group, which was reportedly organized to oversee the heroin business in Upper Man pie." cites the belief of many drug experts hattan. On the streets today, addicts have made that the "Turkish-French connection is the "brown" Mexican heroin a sought-after Black and Hispanic importers and distrib product. It has gained a reputation among back in business in Europe, and that the utors nudged the Mafia out of its dominant crop will show up here this winter." users for being stronger than white Asian or position partly because of their success in Turkish heroin. In October of this year the President's establishing ties with Mexican and Asian Recent confiscations in the East Village of Domestic Council issued its White Paper heroin suppliers following the Turkish Gov "Mexican brown" packages prepared for on Drug Abuse, which included a number ernment's ban on opium growing in 1973. The street sales found heroin contents of 30 per oT thoughtful recommendations to al Hispanic dealers also are deeply involved in cent, an unusually potent level. Most of the leviate the drug problem. I am hopeful cocaine trafficking from Latin America. Asian white heroin sold elsewhere in the city Dismissals and realignment of personnel normally has a drug content of about 5 per that the administration's review of this in the P<>lice Department's Narcotics Division cent or lower, according to police laboratory document will soon be completed and have led to a. 20 percent decline in narcotics tests, with the remainder consisting of milk that the President will personally assume arrests this year by that unit. Consequently powder, quinine or other dilutants. 39196 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975
HIGH HEROIN CONTENT brought &bout by the city's fisoa1l crisis, ac probably would be more potent than the The heroin level has been known to fall cording to Deputy Chief Joseph A. Preiss, present supplies because of the better proc below 2 percent of the total two-grain (0.0046 commander of the NaTcotics Division. essing at illegal laboratories in France and of an ounce) "bag" or package used by the The division, which is mainly responsible Western Europe. The European laboratories, typical addict. for the Police Department's major narcotics according to the police, can provide as much Police offi.cia.ls are uncertain why the investigations, has been trimmed to 312 offi as 90 percent heroin purity in processing Mexican heroin is being marketed with such cers from 450 last June. Many of those dis opium poppies. Mexican and Asian labora a high heroin content, since a higher level missed were blacks and Puerto Ricans who tories normally obtain no more than 50 per of the drug in a typical $8 "bag" means a were considered '81Illong the most effective at cent purity. lower profit for wholesale distributors. infiltrating the newly organized illegal drug The higher purity permits dealers to in "It might be inexperience among new rings. crease their sales and profits through the dealers," said Arthur C. Grubert, intelligence "Losing these undercover people has hurt packaging of more "bags." chief in New York for the Drug-Enforcement us bad," said Lieut. Stephen Herrer, a nar "Believe me that Turkish heroin will soon Administration. "Nobody gives it away for cotics commander in Harlem. "The dealers show up here. It has nowhere else to go," Mr. Johnson said. "And we are in for even free." know what's going on. They read about In Harlem, the recent growth of black nar what's going on. They read wbout police worse times with the possib111ty of greater cot ics rings reportedly was a major factor work the way other people read the stock supplies and more overdose deaths." market." "Unfortunately, the Turkish pa.cka.ge has behind the formation of the so-called Coun always been much better. In the heroin busi cil of 12. Law-enforcement officials believe The personnel cuts also have compelled the police to curtail operations against ness, the Mexicans are the short-order cooks. that it was organized to regulate drug traf The French are the chefs," he added. ficking and to prevent violence among com small-level street sellers, called "pushers," or peting groups. "scramblers." Intelligence experts also have been told "With fewer men we can't apply as much HEROIN PROFITS MULTIPLY by informers that the council was set up to pressure as we did in t he past on the streets," How much money is there in New York's punish "cowboys," or outsiders, who attempt said Chief Preiss. "Containment is all you illegal heroin business? to rob or k.dnap members of existing narcot can hope for." From purchases of illegal drugs and intel Police Commissioner Michael J. Codd held ics groups. ligence gleaned through undercover in- · According to these intelligence reports, the out little hope that the narcotics division vestigations, analysts in the Police Depart council's organizational meeting was held would be reinforced. Commissioner Codd said ment's narcotics division have devised a la.st year in the Gold Lounge, a since-re that the first priority in personnel would be formula for estimating the profit in nar n amed restaurant on Seventh Avenue near the uniformed patrol force. cotics. In evaluating the extent of the current 123d Street. The wholesale price of one kilo (2.2 drug abuse problems, analysts in the Police pounds) of heroin, depending upon its ITALIANS ARE EMULATED Department's narcotics division said that purity, can range from $40,000 to $70,000. It "The council seems to be trying to emulate about five tons, or 4,500 kilos, of heroin prob the kilo is 50 percent pure, it can be diluted the Italians in the way of settling matters," ably will be smuggled into the city this year. or "cut" into 76,000 packages or "bags." one high-ranking Federal offi.cia.l said. "But These analysts said the wholesale value or These two-grain (0.0046 of an ounce) there is no finely structured organizational price paid by the large dealers would be "nickel" or "dime bags," the kind most plan with chiefs, lieutenants and soldiers, about $225 mill1on. Eventually, when this typically sold to addicts, cost about $8 each. like the Mafia. heroin is cut and sold on the streets it will Thus, the street sales from one kilo prob "We don't believe thlat they were set up bring in $2.5 billion to $3 billion. ably will generate more than $600,000--or a to fight whites for territory," the otncial ccm VOLUME IS ELUSIVE profit for the various dealers, from whole tinued. "We think they wanted a game plan salers to street pushers, of more than to avoid violence among themselves. They While traffi.cking in cocaine also is exten $500,000. don't want any cheating on narcotics deals sive, the narcotics analysts said they were The profit in cocaine is more diffi.cult to and they don't want payoffs in counterfeit unable to estimate the gross volume of that estimate. The price of a kilo, again depend money, something that has happened. It's a illegal business. ing upon its purity, can range from $30,000 group that sets the rules and that can pun There are no accurate figures available for to $40,000 at the wholesale level. On the iSh anyone who disobeys." the number of heroin addicts or other drug street, prices are known to vary more widely The police and Federal intelligence agents abusers in the city. The police and other than heroin. The latest undercover "buys" said they were uncertain of the full mem·ber experts believe that the drug abuser popula indicate that the price of a "spoon," or one ship of the council. But, law-enforcement tion here ranges from 100,000 to 250,000. ounce of cocaine, can vary from $1,000 to authorities said they believed that the coun These abusers include those who illegally $2,000. cil's ranks consisted of six major drug use methadone, a synthetic narcotic, or other Smaller sales are made in packages called dealers. They aTe Leroy Barnes; Robert drugs that can cause overdose deaths. But, "tins" because they are wrapped in alumi Stepeney; Steven Monsa,nto; Frank Lucas; because of the large-scale involvement of num foll. These "tins" of three or four grains James Lofton and Stanley Morgan. organized crime in heroin and cocaine, the cost $20 to $30. Four other dealers who may have gained police have given priority to those investiga The police analysts believe that the pack membership are: James Hughley; Jasper tions. aging and selling of heroin and cocaine re Cros3land; Joseph Osborne and WiUiam The Drug Enforcement Administration and quires a work force of at least 20,000 people. Mathis. the Narcotics Division consider Harlem the All 10 have been arrested on various focal point for the distribution of heroin to charges but none has been convicted of a middle and small level dealers from other major narcotics charge. Police officials say sections of the city and the suburbs. HOUSING MUDDLE that it is difficult to obtain indictments The East Village is another neighborhood again'3t m:ajor dealers because they make il where undercover surveillance has pinpointed legal busine:ss arrangements only with their "buys" by dealers from the suburbs and HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON most trusted lieutenants, and ·almost never other states. personally handle major narcotics transac Almost all narcotics law enforcement otn OF MASSACHUSETTS tions. cials are concerned about the potential im IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pact of heroin from Turkey where the first In the faioe of this narcoU.cs upsurge, Monday, December 8, 1975 felony arrests by the Police Departlment's opium crop in three years was harvested this narcotics division have dropped this year summer. Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, I by 20 percent. So far, there is no evidence that any new wish to bring a recent New York Times Last summer when four low-'level dealers Turkish heroin has reached the United editorial to the attention of my col were shot to death in Harlem, there were States. Most drug experts, however, believe leagues. In the editorial, which appeared reports of an impending struggle for power that the Turkish-French connection is back among rival heroin networks. Many in police in business in Europe, and that the crop will in the November 23 edition of the intelligence believe, however, that the vic show up here this winter. Times, considerable attention is devoted tims were k1lled because they were suspected Mr. Grubert said a heroin watch was under to the inadequacies of the administration of being police informers or because they way in Western European cities for early and HUD in responding to the crisis now had spoiled heroin supplies through im signs that the Turkish product was once enveloping the housing industry. proper handling. more on the illegal market. Although provisions are included in Murders among "pushers" and cust omers "Places like Amsterdam and Brussels are the Community and Development and also is common, detectives said . the bellwethers on the availability of Turkish heroin," the Drug Enforcement Administra Housing Act of 1974 for Federal subsidies 1,324 ARRESTS MADE tion official said. "It hasn't reached those which would enable as 27 million families In the fimt nine months of this year the cities yet, which means we might still have a to reside in safe, decent housing, to date, division made 1,324 arrests compaTed with couple months of grace." only 200 families have benefited. The 1,663 for the same petiod last year. The de Mr. Johnson, the city's special narcotics section 8 program, which was allegedly crease was mainly a result of personnel cuts prosecutor, warned that the Turkish heroin designed to provide incentives for private December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF &£MARKS 39197 developers to assume a greater share of There is also the H.U.D. bureaucracy. H.U.D. explained that guarantees could run as responsibility in the task of housing low Secretary Carla Hills admits that her depart high as $8 billion and further that the and moderate income families, has sim ment has failed to develop adequate data. for plant's backers would be guaranteed a policy formulation. Though the program was 15-percent return on their investment ply not been succesful. approved by Congress 15 months ago, "it wlll The problem is that investors and fi take a while to get going," one high official after taxes. nancial institutions are uninterested be of H.U.D. recently said. "We bureaucrats tend It is almost inconceivable that this cause, in the present economy at least, to do things better the second time around." administration, following the ripoff of they consider the program too risky. While Mrs. Hills and her agency try to get the American people by the oil-coal Authority to insure State housing fi the facts and themselves together, the coun monopoly, would even contemplate nance agency bonds; insurance which is try's housing stock continues to deteriorate. bringing in a big business consortium esential if State governments are to as backed by foreign capital to control a sure the development role intended un large part of the production of fuel for der the section 8 program has been au nuclear powerplants, the power source WHITE HOUSE PROPOSES $8 BIL of the future. thorized by Congress. The administra LION BONANZA FOR PRIVATE IN tion, however, has demonstrated a strong The Federal Govemment and the peo TERESTS IN GUARANTEES FOR ple of the United States have a tremen unwillingness to implement these needed CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION programs. dous investment in the existing uranium OF URANIUM ENRICHMENT enrichment plants and in the process of As the editorial points out, HUD's PLANT failure to provide the vehicles necessary converting raw uranium ore into fuel for to produce adequate housing for low and powerplants. moderate families, be it in the form of HON. JOE L. EVINS I repeat, any further additions to ura impoundment or lack of program imple nium enrichment facilities should be m:mtation, is serving to take any residu OF TENNESSEE built by the Federal Government in the al sense of hope out of the equation for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public interest to protect the American millions now living in substandard hous Monday, December 8, 1975 people from a gouge in a profit-guaran tee deal for big business and foreign ing. Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, It is apparent that any further delay money. the administration is moving forward Because of the interest of my col on HUD's part in implementing one or with its plans for up to $8 billion in more of the various bond or mortgage leagues and the American people in this guarantees to a big business consor most important matter, I place the ar guarantees programs at its disposal will tium-plus a guaranteed profit of 15 per ultimately halt the fragile efforts, now ticles from the Star and Wall Street cent--for construotion and operation of Journal in the RECORD herewith. underway in States like Massachusetts, a uranium enrichment plant to produce to stabilize the housing market. Seem The articles follow: fuel for nuclear power plants. [From the Washington Star J ingly it appears that while HUD under In my view the Government in the goes repeated attempts to "get things go public interest should approve expan FORD'S URANIUM POLICY QUESTIONED ing," the housing industry will be forced sion of Government-owned uranium en (By John Fialka) to wait. richment facilities now under the direc Robert C. Seamans Jr., head of the Federal The text of the article follows: tion of the Energy Research and De Energy Research and Development Adminis HOUSING MUDDLE tration, admitted under questioning today velopment Administration rather than th.at he initially opposed the policy being As i! an inordinate share of the suffering handing this process and enormous pressed by the Ford a.dministraJtion to allow from inflat ion and recession were not enough, profits to a big business consortium. privat e company to build the nation's next America's ill-housed poor also have to put up a. with a housing policy that is being admin Two recent articles, in the Washing uranium enrichment plant. istered as if sleepwalkers were at the controls. ton Star and the Wall Street Journal, Seamans' objections, however, were over After recoiling in horror from the inade shed considerable light on this entire ruled after heavy pressure was applied from quacy of the efforts it found in place, this matter. the White House, and ERDA was ordered to Administration developed a hm1sing program The article in the Star reported that negotiate with a group called Uranium En which was designed to give incentive to pri richment Associates, a consortium headed by Mr. Robert C. Seamans, Jr., Adminis the Bechtel Corp. and backed primarily by vate developers to take on a greater share of trator of ERDA, initially opposed con the task of providing housing for poor and foreign money, according to testimony be moderate income families. The device-Fed struction of the new plant by private fore the Joint Committee on Atomic Energ-y. eral supplements up to market value of the interests and advocated expansion of ex George F. Murphy, Jr., executive director amounts poor and moderate-income families isting plants. of the committee, asked Seamans if it was were able to pay for rental housing-was in The article reported that according to true t hat the basic decision to negotiate the tended to spur private developers either to congressional testimony, Sea.mans was multi-billion dollar agreement with UEA rehabilitate existing housing or to develop overruled by the White House and in came after a three-day meeting between new low-income housing. structed to begin negotiations with a Seamans, three Cabinet members and James So far, the Administrat ion's approach un T. Lynn, the head of the Office of Manage der the Community Development Act of 1974 group called Uranium Enrichment Asso ment and Budget. The meeting ended on has put fewer than 200 families into housing. ciates, a consortium headed by Bechtel May 30. The reasons are numerous. First, the supple Corp. and backed primarily by foreign Murphy said Sea.mans repeatedly had ex ment device has been insufficient incentive money. pressed his objection to the proposal to to private developers to seek expensive fi The Wall Street Journal reported that President Ford and other officials before and nancing in the current money market. Sec after the meeting, insisting that the United ond, state housing authorities-particularly Bechtel Corp. has hired a number of States should continue to control uranium those in the more populous states where former high administration o:fficials enrichment by building an addition to one housing needs are most acute--have found it including Caspar Weinberger, the former of the three plants the government now difficult i! not impossible to raise money to Secretary of Health, Education, and operates to enrich or process uranium into finance rehabilitation efforts and new devel Welfare; George Shultz, the former the radioactive fuel for nuclear power plants. opments in the current public bond market. Secretary of the Treasury, and Robert Seamans said Murphy's description was Looming behind the local problems and Hollingsworth, formerly General Man "essentially correct." He added that he has exacerbating most of them a.re the policies of ager of the AEC. changed his mind and now favors the prin the Department of Housing and Urban De ciple of allowing private uranium enrich velopment, which has been moving with The Wall Street Journal adds th.at these officials deny they have any con ment. Referring to his prior opposition, Sea. glacier-like alacrity toward a scheme of Fed mans said "That was eight months ago and eral guarantees to help state housing agen nection with this particular deal, but a. lot has happened since then." cies raise money for the program. As reluc certainly their close connections with Among the things that have happened, he tant as H .U.D. seems to be about proffering the administration are quite obvious. explained, was the realization that ERDA assistance, its enthusiasm is boundless when This newspaper quotes an ERDA official compared to the attitude o! Secretary o! the may be forced to subsidize other elements o! Treasury Simon, who gives the impression as saying that the Federal Government the nuclear fuel cycle, specifically the proc that he believes that the quest !or housing would be constructing the new enrich ess of recycling plutonium from used fuel funds just should not be cluttering up the ment plant now except for the Bechtel components into new ones. To do this and money markets at this critical juncture in involvement. also pay $2.8 billion for the addition to an en the nation's economic history. The Star reported that Seam.ans has richment facility would cause a. heavy drain 39198 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 on nuclear and other energy development known as uranium enrichment, at its large It has also quietly shelved plans to do the programs, including the search for solar, wind Oak Ridge plant and at two smaller plants job itself, according to Percy Brewington Jr., an d fusion energy. in Ohio and Kentucky, all of which were an official at the Energy Research and Devel Seamans explained that the White House built in the years when Washington was opment Administration (the new agency felt it would be better to encourage a private building up its arsenal of nuclear weapons. carved out of the AEC). Mr. Brewington says company to provide the capital for the new ONE-HUNDRED ACRES OF FACTORY the shelved pla.ns were drawn up by his staff plan and then back the enterprise with gov It's not ha.rd to see why the expansion and showed how the government could build ernment guarantees and technological assist of nuclear fuel production is going to involve an addition to its enrichment plant in Ports ance. an investment of over $60 billion. The Oak mouth, Ohio, costing $2.1 billion, consider Seamans said the guarantees now being Ridge plant alone requires more than 1,500 ably less than the amount UEA ls proposing considered by the government for UEA, and machines, each the size of a boxcar, ranged to spend on a plant of roughly the same three smaller private proposals under study, across more than 100 acres of factory floor. capacity. could reach a maximum of an $8 billion fed It takes more than half-a-million dollars The Joint Committee on Atomic Energy eral commitment if all the enterprises failed of electricity a day to power the machines. Will begin public hearings on the Ford pro and the government was forced to then build In cooling them, up to 90 million gallons posal on December 2. Its view could be in· its own facility after all. of water are evaporated daily in huge clouds fluenced by a critical report just issued· by He said that a six-page memorandum over the valley. To duplicate this plant today the General Accounting Office, the investi worked out between UEA, the White House would cost $6 billion. gative and accounting a.rm of Congress. The an d ERDA on May 30 has now been expanded Congress is being urged to act quickly to report not only cites the supposed benefits of t o a 90-page draft contract. Among the guar decide whether the government or industry the government's own building plans but an tees t hat would be required of the federal should build the next U.S. enrichment plant says_ there is a "greater potential" for delay government under the contract would be a in order to avoid the threat of a nuclear fuel if private industry takes over. warranty that the UEA plant would operate shortage in the early 1980s. A new plant will The UEA proposal, the GAO says, "is not correctly, that the plant's backers would be take about eight years to build. If Congress acceptable." Its "fundamental shortcom guaranteed a 15 percent return on their in approves the President's plan, then Uranium ing," the report states, "is that it shifts vestment after taxes, and that the UEA Enrichment Associates, or UEA, stands to most of the risks during construction and would be allowed to buy enriched uranium gain immediately. It would be guaranteed proving the plant can operate to the govern from government stockpiles to fulfill its fuel ~inst loss, and its profit potential would ment." In reply, the administration says the contracts if it experienced any delays in be immense because the Ford proposal GAO report "is not sufficiently complete, building the plant. wouldn't regulate the price that private in accurate or objective to sustain its conclu Seamans said that he was not satisfied dustry could charge for nuclear fuel. sions." wit h the draft agreement as it now stands UEA is mainly the creaition of Bechtel UEA wants to build its multl-bllllon-dollar and t hat he feels further negotiations should Corp., an engineering and construction firm plant on 2,400 acres near Dothan, Ala. It be aimed at getting UEA to assume more that is one of the world's largest priva.tely would consist of a $3.5 b1llion plant and two risks. He added that if an agreement is not owned companies. Some of Bechtel's com power stations, costing a total of $2.2 billion, reached by March the government will have petitors suspect that the company's $5.7 bil to provide electricity. Under the proposal, if to build a new facility or face the likelihood lion plan to build an enrichment plant and UEA decides "in its opinion . . . for any of a uranium fuel shortage by the mid 1980s. two generating stations is the result of un reason" that "the project cannot reasonably The guarantees described by Seamans usually close relaitions with both the Ford be brought into commercial operation," the aroused strong objections from both Repub and Nixon administrations. These competi government will buy out UEA's domestic lican and Democratic members of the joint tors say Bechtel may have been aided in owners and pay off its domestic debt. In committee, which must approve the proposal. Washington by the former top government most cases, domestic owners would get not The committee's chairman, John O. Pas officials it has recently hired. Since last year only their original investment back, but tore, D-R.I., said that the guarantees would it has hired two former cabinet members and "additional compensation . . . to reflect the amount to blllions of dollars of government the former general manager of the Atomic results achieved" to that point. The com aid and that the committee would have to Energy Commission. pany says it will supply 15 % of the capital see the final version of the UEA contract be AN UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY for the enrichment plant and earn an after fore it could reach a decision. "If we're going tax profit on this equity, which the company to be partners in this thing we want to be Bechtel (whloh in recent months has been agrees would amount to $75 million to $80 there at the takeoff and not to be left there joined in its UEA venture by Goodyear Tire m1llion a year. standing alone at the landing," he said. & Rubber Co. and Willia.ms Cos., a diversified President Ford's support of this proposal Sen. Stuart Symington, D-Mo., said that pipeline concern) ls the only company pro follows Bechtel's close relations with the the overlaoping guarantees amount to giving posing to build a full-scale commercial en government. In fact, claims one high ERDA UEA "a fee to run it." He said the guarantee richment plant using the same tried-and official, "without Bechtel there wouldn't be of a 15 percent return on capital "ls an at true technology as 1.s used at Oak Ridge, any question of who was going to build these tack, in effect, on risk capitalism." which, of course, dates back to the World plants." It would clearly be a government War II atom bomb program. undertaking, he says, and "we would be on Severa.I other companies also are seeking to our way to building them." [From the Wall Street Journal, Nov. 20, 1975J benefit from the proposed federal guarantees. ENRICHING VENTURE: How FIRM GOT AHEAD Quietly, on its own, Bechtel began survey These companies (among them Exxon Corp., ing the nuclear industry for opportunities in IN BILLION-DOLLAR RACE To MAKE NUCLEAR Atlantic Richfield Co. and Signa.l Cos.) want F'uEL 1967 (it hias long been an engineer bu1ld1ng to build smaller, billion-dollar plants using a utilities' nuclear power plants). But the (By Jonathan Kwttny) potentially cheaper but still commercially foundation for UEA wasn't la.id until 1972 untested technology. OAK RIDGE, TENN.-From a mountain-top when Ashton O'Donnell, a Bechtel nuclear nea.r here you can see, sprawled across the But these companies are fearful that UEA specialist who formerly worked at the AEC, Clinch River Valley, what may be the largest is getting such a head start that it could met in Tokyo with two officials from Union Industrial plant in the world. From this dominate the government's resources and de lay their new technology by years. Carbide Corp. (which helps the government massive factory flows much of the nuclear run its enrichment plants at Oak Ridge and fuel that runs atomic power stations Even so, all of these companies sta.nd on the brink of taking the lead in the creation Paducah, Ky.). Together with representatives throughout the non-Communist world. of several Japanese ut111ties, they agreed to The U.S. ls going to need perhaps 12 more of a new industry perhaps a.s l&rge a.s the oil industry is todra.y. Bertram Schwartz, senior commit their companies to a $6 million study plants like this by the end of the century of a new enrichment plant. Shortly after as the world comes to depend more and more vice president of Consolidated Edd.son, the New York utility, voices the feeling of some wards, President Nixon and Prime Minister on nuclear power for its electricity. The Tanaka of Japan signed an agreement for a little-known story of how the government ut1Utles that are fearful of private uranium similar study. plans to promote what may be the largest enriohers pushing up the price of nuclear fuel and thus causing electricity prices to Bechtel denies tt was working with the commercial undertaking in history ts one Nixon people and says the two agreements that could affect the cost of electricity for skyrockeit: The industry, he says, wm ulti mately be monopolized by perhaps two giant were a complete coincidence. But a high generations to come. It involves the deter ERDA omcial and a spokesman for the Jap mined efforts of one company, Uranium En- fuel combines--"these monsters," he calls them. anese utll1t1es insist that Mr. Nixon and Mr. richment Associates, to get into the busi Tanaka were referring specifically to the ness ahead of its competitors. A few congressional Democrats also are President Ford ls proryosing federal guar uneasy about helping to establish new indus Bechtel-Union Carbide study. And the fact antees of up to $8 btllion to assure private try fortunes. They may clash with a Repub remains that this study was the only one industry that it won't take a loss on the lican administration that is wedded to the carried out. building of new nuclear fuel plants. These idea of putting future nuclear fuel produc The study made it clear that a private en guarantees would also enable industry to tion in the hands of private industry. In fact richment plant was going to require massive obtain financing for the plants. the government has been so anxious to capital investment. Because there seemed At present, nuclear fuel production ts a attract industry that since 1971 it has been little hope of obtaining financing in the bil profitable government monopoly. The gov sharing its secret enrichment data with sev lions of dollars, Union Carbide decided to ernment carries out the complex process, eral U.S. companies. drop out. (Westinghouse Electric Corp., which December 8, 19·7 5 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39199 also had. joined UEA, decided to leave the is uranium-238 atoms). To sustain a nuclear tional Economic Research Associates, a con partnership for the same reason.) chain reaction in the so-called light-water sulting firm. He claims that "the government Bechtel was without partners, but not reactor (the most common type in use in the can do anything at a lower cost than private without some talented employes. In March non-Communist world) uranium fuel con industry. You start off with an element of 1974 it hired Robert Hollingsworth, general taining about 3% of uranium-235 atoms is faith (because) you don't want everything manager of the AEC, as its manager of man needed. concentrated in government hands." power services. That May it hired George Gaseous diffusion "collects" these rare How much Americans would be willing to Shult z, the former Secretary of the Treasury, atoms by pumping and repumping the ura pay for that element of faith could be im as executive vice president and a director nium in gaseous form through miles of po portant. Of the prospective builders of new (recently Mr. Schultz moved up to president). rous tubing through which the unwanted enrichment plants, including ERDA, only This year it hired Caspar Weinberger, the uranium-238 atoms are gradually "filtered" Centar has offered a specific price compari former Secretary of Health, Education and off. On the other hand, the centrifuge is a son. Centar says that its proposed centrifuge Welfare, as vice president, director and spe cylinder, about the size of a washing ma plant would charge $70.12 for a so-called cial counsel. chine, in which the gaseous uranium is unit of enrichment work (in 1975 dollars), Bechtel says these new employes, even whirled around at immensely high speeds. but concedes that a government-owned cen Mr. Shultz the president, have been for The lighter 235 atoms remain on the inside trifuge plant would be in the black by bidden any contact with the UEA project. But of the cylinder and the heavier 238 atoms charging only $56.22 a unit (75,000 units will executives at other companies say they be drift to the outside. fuel a typical one million-kilowatt nuclear lieve the ex-Washington officials may have But the centrifuge, while at an advanced station for a year). ERDA is in the process of been helpful in Bechtel's contacts with the stage of development, has never been put to raising its present fuel prices to between Ford administration. (None of the compet work on a commercial scale. A demonstra $53 and $61 a unit, depending on the type ing executives would be quoted by name on tion plant has been built in Europe. The U.S. of contracts. (This contrasts with the $85-a the ground that their companies still are government's first experimental plant unit price, in 1975 dollars, that UEA esti seeking to start enrichment projects with hasn't started up yet, although ERDA says mates it will charge.) government aid.) Comments Edward J. it has been testing the apparatus success Some analysts, such as Mr. Bauser, the Ba.user, who until recently was execu~ive di fully for several years. former joint committee director, see the rector of Congress' Joint Committee on Last month three companies proposed cost of nuclear fuel from privately owned Atomic Energy: "When you want to go into building commercial centrifuge plants. If plants soaring to several hundreds of dollars the enrichment business, you know what has Congress approves, they also would get gov a unit until it reaches the much higher price to be done. You have to buy pipes, you have ernment guarantees. of coal and oil. The higher price would, of to buy pumps and you have to buy people They are Centar (a partnership of Elec course, mean a sharp jump in electricity key people." tro-Nucleanics Inc. and Atlantic Richfield) rates (at present, the enrichment of nuclear This year government and company again which wants to build a $1.1 billion centrifuge fuel accounts for only 10 % to 15 % of the demonstrated a similarity of thinking. On plant; Garrett Corp. ( a subsidiary of Signal) price the consumer pays for electricity) . Ac May 30, without any specific request from which proposes a $900 million plant; and cording to figures .from a respected industry the government, UEA submitted a formal Exxon's Exxon Nuclear subsidiary, which group, nuclear generating plants pay 0.2 proposal for its enrichment plant. A few wants to build one for $700 million. How mills for fuel for every kilowatt hour of elec weeks later, on June 26, President Ford sent ever, Centa.r cl.aims that with the addition of tricity produced, while non-nuclear generat to Congress the Nuclear Fuel Assurance Act, various contingencies, all of the plants w111 ing plants .(coal, gas and oil) must pay 7.5 whose provisions are similar to those sought cost about the same and all would produce mills for fuel for every kilowatt hour. in the UEA proposal. a.bout one-third of the output of the proposed Nor will those utilities that already have The act would allow the government to UEA plant. signed up to buy government-produced fuel spend up to $13 bill1on in ba.iling out compa A major fear that dominates the thinking be likely to escape the predicted higher nies that run into problems on their enrich of executives at Centar and Exxon is that if prices. President Ford's proposal would re ment ventures. In return, it would require UEA is allowed too much of a head start, quire ERDA to raise its fuel prices for companies to pay the government royalties their own plans may be delayed. Their sus nearly all of these existing customers sim (3 % of sales for 17 years) for its enrich picions that the government already has de ply to encourage private companies to get ment technology. cided to emphasize diffusion development to into the business. And congressional and ad In defense of the proposed guarantees, Mr. the disadvantage of the new centrifuge tech ministration authorities agree that when the O'Donnell of UEA notes that at congressional nique have been aroused by two incidents. first private plant goes into operation, ERDA hearings two years ago, numerous witnesses The Nixon-Tanaka enrichment agree would be required to raise its fuel prices so from the banking and financial communi ment authorized the study only of diffusion as not to undersell the private enrichers. ties said they wouldn't invest in a private technology. And in proposing the Nuclear enrichment plant without government Fuel Assurance Act, President Ford specifi guarantees. cally asked for authority for ERDA to con Certainly UEA would appear to have ade tract immediately with "private groups in WALTER KNOTT-A PERFECT quate resources for its own 15 % investment terested in building, owning and operating" CITIZEN with the addition of the two new partners, a diffusion plant. The centrifuge people were Williams and Goodyear (which has much asked separately by ERDA to submit their experience in enrichment as the operator of proposals for plants this fall. In fact ERDA HON. JOHN H. ROUSSELOT the government's Portsmouth nuclear fuel began negotiating with UEA almost at once, plant). and an agreement is nearly ready for sign OF CALIFORNIA UEA also appears to have plenty of poten ing as soon as Congress acts. The centrifuge IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tial customers for the nuclear fuel from its proposals have been referred to a commit Monday, December 8, 1975 proposed plant. The company says it has a tee at ERDA which is scheduled to report at "firm commitment" from foreign utilities to the end of the year. Mr. ROUSSELOT. Mr. Speaker, Patrick take 60% of the plant's output in return for (As with the diffusion process, Oak Ridge Henry said, supplying 60 % of the capital (although some engineers say the government has shelved Perfect freedom is as necessary to the government officials are already questioning plans drawn up by ERDA to build a centri the wisdom of sending so much of the plant's health and vigor of commerce as it is to t h e fuge plant. It would cost $2.6 billlon and health and vigor of citizenship. output overseas). have roughly the same output as UEA's A major problem for utilities trying to much costlier diffusion plant. And, of Today I want to pay tribute to one of calculate future costs is that a new technol course, it would have roughly three times America's perfect citizens-Mr. Walter ogy is in the offing that could conceivably the output of each of the private centrifuge Knott. Many of my colleagues know of hold down the expected rise in nuclear fuel plants.) prices. This technology is called the gas cen Walter's contributions in deeds and edu In reply to all of these suspicions, ERDA to trifuge and its promise lies in the fact that it official Richard Roberts maintains that "cen cational efforts enlighten the people uses one-tenth of the electricity required by trifuge technology isn't really there yet." of our country about our form of free the older technology, which is known as gas And he says, "the thought was, you really dom. Walter Knott has been generous in eous diffusion. The new technique also couldn't go completely centrifuge and be his desire to improve the understanding doesn't need the mammoth plant required sure of having fuel ready when it's needed." of our American free market and con by gaseous diffusion but can produce nu Because the Ford proposal doesn't limit stitutional system. clear fuel in fairly small plants which can the prices that companies could charge for When Governor Reagan introduced be expanded as demand increases. Thus the their nuclear fuel, there is evidence that pri Walter Knott as the recipient of the 1968 initial capital investment is much lower. - vate-enterprise fuel would be more expen- Both the centrifuge and gaseous diffusion sive than government-made fuel. "It would Free Enterprise Man of the Year Award turn uranium into nuclear fuel by "concen seem almost certain that the cost !or the in 1968, he called him California's and trating" scarce atoms in the ore. In its natu private option would be higher than (!or) America's Great Pioneer;Patriot. I ral state uranium contains about 0.7% of the government option," says Abraham Ger could not agree more. atoms called uranium-235 (most of the rest ber, who has studied enrichment for Na- I commend to my colleagues the fol- 39200 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975 lowing excerpts from a book entitled, quoted him as saying, "We started out under panding military might, especially on the "Walter Knott : Twentieth Century a system where we the people were the gov oceans of the world. These are his views: ) Pioneer," by Norman Nygaard, which ernment and delegated the authority; now Some three years ago, shortly before his exemplifies the character and guiding we have turned it around and the govern death, Mendel Rivers gravely warned Con principles of this outstanding American. ment imposes its will on the people. We've gress: "All Americans have been given a seen the government grow until it ls all out blessed and priceless heritage of freedom-a The article follows: of proportion. Every time it grows it takes freedom which ... is in terrible jeopardy. LET FREEDOM RING bits of freedom out of our lives, and we be The Soviet Union is now one of the world'~ The va-st majority of good American come more dependent on it and less on our two leading sea powers . . . possibly the citizens who feel strongly about conditions selves. leading power.... I can only warn the in national, state, and local government "There are certain things you have to have members of thils House that we are on the which they regard as inimical to the welfare to make a productive society-incentives, brink of disaster and I have never before been of the country, have an unfailing answer for competition, individual freedom to decide to as concerned in all the years I have served all problems. They either "write a letter to do what you think is best. Those are the in the Congress." the editor" or remark sagely, "Somebody very things we are now losing to big govern Conditions have worsened dreadfully since should do something about this." ment. Today we hear much about human then. In the fact of phenomenal Soviet gains Walter offers another solution--do some rights versus property rights. Actually prop at sea that some observers, such as Captain thing yourself. He believes that the average erty rights are among human rights. With John Moore, Editor of "Jane's Fighting citizen, if he ls sufficiently dedicated and out them our whole system will collapse. Ships," believe make the U.S.S.R. the num deeply in earnest, can effect tremendous "These are the basic things we want to ber one sea power in the world, and despite changes in the way in which government get our people concerned about." the fact the gap between Soviet and U.S. affairs are managed, the laws which Con And these, of courS'e, are the principles strength widens daily, the United States con gress passes, and even in the intercourse which Walter has shared with his children, tinues to cut back its defense spending. In between nations. which he is now seeking to share with his late August the Navy Department announced He believes in a government which gives to grandchildren. He believes that the Ameri it would slash deep into muscle once again, every citizen the opportunity to live under can Revolution was the only social upheaval dropping the fleet to 518 active ships by the freedom. Although he did not have the in history which launched a new conception end of the fiscal year. opportunity to finish his high school course, of government. It was the only revolution The United States is already weaker, in a he took time to educate himself, mostly by which sought to place governm~nt in the relative sense, than in 1939 when unpre independent study. He ha.shad little time for hands of the people themselves. paredness in the West helped bring on the books which are merely entertaining. In As a result of Walter's struggle, his bat catastrophe of World War II. Friend and foe stead, he has been interested in the great tles against poverty, desert heat, and recognized this. Consequently, the latest shift volumes of literature which seemed to be trouble, a character has been built which of the balance of power at sea to the U.S.S.R. written with a purpose. echoes the words of the Liberty Bell-"Pro has already brought her far-reaching polit More than anything else he has sought claim Liberty Throughout the Land." ical gains which highlight with frightening to preserve the ideals which were embodied in import the deterioration of U.S. influence the Declaration of Independence and the abroad following her decline afloat. Constitution of the United States. He is con Today the shadow of the Bear looms over cerned to interpret those great documents to THE SOVIET NAVAL CHALLENGE even the Caribbean, no longer a safe sea the youth of today in order that America may frontier. Cuba, long considered critical to continue to be the great bastion of freedom. U.S. security, becomes, despite occasional To keep his people informed Walter began signs of independence, more and more a So to send out a monthly letter to all of the HON. WILLIAM F. WALSH viet polit'ical and mmtary outpost. Accord employees. OF NEW YORK ing to underground reports Cienfuegos is not the only Cuban port undea- development as a Along with Walter's news sheet, all of his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES employees receive, may go copies of articles potential Soviet naval base, and the Kremlin which he has found particularly worthy of Monday, December 8, 1975 continues to add guided missile vessels to the consideration. He often adds frank comments Cuban fleet. on how business and workers are affected by Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, over the Communist agents fan out from Cuba taxation, inflation, and government spend past several years I have become increas throughout Latin America, where in recent ing. ingly concerned and alarmed about the years leftist parties have increased in num On one occasion he wrote, "Every morning growing Soviet challenge to U.S. suprem bers and aggressiveness. When they gain when we come to work we have to earn three acy on the high seas. power-as they had in Chile (once, like Cuba, thousand dollars for the government in The Russian Navy is expanding very a close friend of the United States )-they taxes. We do this three hundred and sixty scream "Yankee go home," confiscate Ameri quickly and has shifted from a basically can property, and embra<:e the Soviets. five days a year. The government takes sixty defensive posture toward inclusion of eight per cent of our earnings in taxes. If it an otfensive capability. FROM ICELAND TO EGYPI' took only half that much we could grow Iceland, a keystone of North Atlantic de faster." This open challenge became evident fense, tells a similar sad story. Her present Apart from his vital interest in the church when the United States was farced to government is seeking withdrawal of Amer and in the community where he lives Wal back down in the face of a Soviet threat ican forces-primarily U.S. Navy aviation ter's most vital interest today is in the de during the Mideast war in 1973. units conducting surveillance flights over the velopment of the concept of freedom and its There are no doubts in the minds ot adjacent waters through which the Soviet preservation in America. many of this Nation's long-range plan submarine fleet debouches into the Atla.ntlc. "We have gradually been chipping away at ners that, if present naval trends con Nor are her relations with her NATO neigh the American idea of freedom " he asserts tinue, the Soviet Union would be shortly bor to the south more harmonious. For sev "We have forgotten that this ~as the basi~ eral months Iceland and Britain have been principle for which our forefathers fought in capable of blocking essential raw ma engaged in a "Cod War" over fishing rights. 1776. Laws are needed in a republic, but too terials on which Western industry is If the dispute is not resolved to Iceland's many laws which have been written upon dependent. liking, it will not be surprising if she moves the statute books within recent years have In the March 1974 issue of the Daugh further from the Western alliance. been those which have taken away liberty ters of American Revolution Magazine, The Sixth Fleet once defended freedom from American citizens. The founding retired Rear Adm. Ernest McNeill Eller uncontested in the Mediterranean. Now the fathers insisted that taxation without rep Soviet "Sixth Fleet" often outnumbers it. resentation was tyranny. And now the discussed the problem in depth and I would like to share that discussion with Most of North Africa leans toward Moscow burden of taxation which has been placed and is closed to visiting American warships. upon us is so severe that most Americans my colleagues. Where once the Stars and Stripes waved, the find, after paying their taxes, they have SEA POWER: THE ANCHOR OF FREEDOM hammer and sickle dominates. As one ex nothing left for the development of their (By Ernest M. Eller) ample of what this change means, Libya last industries." (Rear Admiral Ernest McNeill Eller, fo1•• summer expropriated all f orelgn oil corpora He continued: "Corporations must be able mer Director of the Naval History Division, tions, taking majority ownership. Most of the to use their profits not only for reasonable retired from the Navy in 1970, ending a dis oil and natural gas for an energy-hungry taxes but for the development of their tinguished 48-year career. Currently, he is world that would flounder without it lies in plants-for machinery which is the tool of serving his second year as National Historian Muslim North Africa and the Middle East. production, for expansions, for the oppor of the Navy League. Author of the book "Tht The leaders there well know this, as does the tunity to make a better product." Soviet Sea Challenge," Admiral Eller has been USSR, now the leading "outside" power in A recent volume of the Reader's Digest has an anxious observer of the Soviet Union's ex- that part of the world. December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39201 The eastern Mediterranean south of Tur But these sophists are playing ostrich. The History's bitter lesson, repeated time after key is almost a Soviet lake. Seeing which Navy has stretched to the elastic limit in time throughout the ages, is that it costs far way the wind blows, Turkey also ha.s made 1968 trying to carry out her world duties. less to prevent war by keeping strong than accommodations with Moscow. Long under Except for the Vietnam war (in which many to fight it. And the reason the lesson is so Brttl.sb. protection, Egypt now welcomes So smaller vessels were deployed}, obligations often repeated is that it is apparently a most viet assistance. Because of internal intrigue, have not lessened. Furthermore, if, as has difficult lesson for good men to learn-they President Sadat in July 1972 ordered Soviet actually happened, an opponent openly bent either never learn it at all, or they quickly "advisers" and troops to leave the country. on outdistancing the United States adds forget it. But this was only a temporary squall, no two or three new ships for every new ship Tens of thousands of Amerioa.n service doubt in part for poUtLoal effect. Egypt is stm built for the dwindling U.S. Navy, whose an men gave their lives in the grim hills of in the Bear's claws, as October's events m.ade nual losses (through retirement of older Korea. The money "saved" by the budget cuts clear, and depends on the USSR for arms, ships) have consistently outnumbered gains of the late 1940s was exacted a thousand economic strength, and her own military vi in recent years, there is no way the U.S. fold. The United States managed to ulti ability. The Kremlin has gained what Peter fleet could be growing stronger in compari mately save South Korea but only because the Great vigorously sought long ago, a son with the Soviet Navy. no Russian navy of consequence then ex foothold in the Middle East. Nearly two years ago, Admiral Elmo R. isted. Would the outcome be the same today? Just as the Russian Bear has the Suez Zumwalt, Jr., Chief of Naval Operations, Could the other dozens of brilliant U.S. Canal within reach, so does he grasp for con responding to a question from Congress, peacekeeping operations-Lebanon and the trol of the southern approaches to the Red spelled it out quite clearly: "The U.S. Navy Cuban missile crisis, to cite two example& Sea. Britain's departure from Aden left a has lost strength in the last year both abso- be repeated in the 1970s? vacuum the Soviets eagerly filled. Through 1utely and relatively to the Soviet Union." Future generations will wonder how the military and economic aid they have gained His warning was unheeded. At the close of American public could shut its eyes to his predominance in countries on both flanks 1973, Admiral Zumwalt's assessment of the tory's warnings on unilateral disarmament. of the Gulf of Aden. They seek the same in military situation would have to be: "We No weapons race in itself causes war; a one fluence in the Persian Gulf area, from which have disastrously lost more ground at a faster country "race" by an aggressor, with the an ever-increasing stream of tankers flow pace. The Soviets have passed the U.S. Navy peaceseeker idly watching, does. Such a race to feed the insatiable economies of the West in strength-and continue to build furiously is taking place today, and the consequences and Japan. For centuries the Tsars sought to widen the lead." are frightening to contemplate. The fearful control of the Middle East. Now, almost over THE LIFE PRESERVER shift in relative maritime strength to the night, it seems, Soviet influence flows by _air Soviet Union, if unchecked, could mean an and sea through this area of overwhelmlng U.S. naval strength has declined, more early eclipse of the United States as world economic and strategic value. over, despite constant proof that maritime leader. strategy is a sure preserver of democracy. The richest nation, the most generous, THE LOST VACUUM America grew to greatness under the um Perceptive men long ago urged the United idealistic, and philanthropic, the leader of brella of Pax Britannica, which allowed other freedom~but a freedom which depends ir States to increase her own small Middle East nations to prosper under the various forms Force to fill the Indian Ocean vacuum-a revocably upon superior sea power--seems of government they preferred. Then, with prepared, in short, to aibandon her leader vacuum which, of course, no longer exists. uncontested superiority afloat after VJ Day, When England began to withdraw her forces ship. America's friends throughout the the United States carried on this live-and world, and they are still quite numerous, a.re from east of Suez, the United States dallied, let-live policy, helping less fortunate peoples puzzled. They ask if a nation much less ca and Soviet warships sailed in. Besides their to resist aggression in Korea, in Vietnam, pable than the United States, under tyranny own Indian Ocean fleet, USSR combatants and in the Middle East. Today, in 1973, how and with half the U.S. economic capability, serve in India's Navy, and the Kremlin has ever, the short-lived Pax Americana swiftly can make such great ~ains, what is wrong helped "neutral" India build a submarine wanes, and is being succeeded by the grave with the American system? Why cannot base. In summer 1971 Moscow and Delhi yard peace of Pax Sovietica. Americans understand that when an expand signed a mutual assistance security pact. It Tb.ere never, at any time in world history, ing empire gains control of the oceans it also seems to some observers no coincidence that has been peace without strength. Nor is there ~ins control of nations whioh border those not long afterwards Indian troops invaded any reason to believe the present generation oceans? Surely, lt would seem, if a weaker East Pakistan to "liberate" the natives. Rus can reverse this iron rule of history. Ameri government can concentrate resources to sian backing of the venture may well have ca's present relative weakness at sea may d·ominate the great waters that join all prompted India's attack; gifts of Russian very well encourage the Soviets to act more shores, the United States should be able to arms undoubtedly insured its success. With boldly. It certainly weakens the resolution mount wisdom and resoludon enough to fleets in the Mediterranean and Indian of America's friends and, if unchecked, will match the effort. And surely some luxuries Ocean, and with the mounting dependence inevitably undermine U.S. will and wisdom and domestic social experiments, however de of many nations upon Iron Curtain aid, the in foreign policy decisions-if it has not done sirable in themselves, could be postponed USSR has become the leading force in the so already. It could, in short, lead to another for essentials to save the future. whole seething area. Munich with loud proclamations of "Peace Every American may well heed the words Admiral Sergei Gorshkov, Commander-in in our time." of former Representative Durward Hall of Chief of the Soviet Navy, and members of U.S. weakness at sea also could lead to the House Armed Services Committee: "I'm the Politburo have heeded facts that Amer another Korea, because lack of power might scared to death ... The Soviets will have a ica has ignored. Perceiving the immense gains once a.gain result in America·s drawing a military force, and particularly strategic resulting from deployment of their fleets perimeter of defense, as in 1950, that clearly forces, strong enough ... to checkmate the around the world, Soviet leaders continue to left defenseless a people threatened by com United States.... The crucial question is expand their worldwide capabilities. The re munist aggression. The United States still, what the American people will do when the cent addition of aircraft carriers to the So of course, has a vast reservoir of goodwill in communists say: 'We've got you checkmated. viet fleet is only a small part of the buildup, South Korea, whose people understand the Now dance to our tune.'" but indicates how the Soviets have learned sacrifices this country made in order that Tb.ere may still be time for the United their lessons. they might have control of their own destiny States to reverse the downward trend, but Yet, even as the USSR builds carriers in. and attain the peace denied for generations the opportunity is fading more swiftly than her furious expansion of sea power, the U.S. by aggressive neighbors. On that beleaguered the setting sun. In the English-French wars fleet dwindles. In fiscal year 1974 scheduled Asian peninsula, as elsewhere, the United slashes will drop the U.S. Navy to 518 ships, States alone of the great powers has given of the 18th century the sea-girt isles did re some 45 per cent less than in January 1969. much of herself and asked for nothing in verse their decline in naval strength in time Even the infamous attack on Pearl Harbor return. to meet Na.poleon's threat. Thus, possibly, history might be saying, the United States did not reduce the U.S. fleet to the low levels GENERATION GAP now projected. has a <:ha.nee. Even the term "poosibly" may But the record of the past generation not be too hopeful, however, because the point of Had a powerful foe decimated America's withstanding, there are today some Korean naval strength in battle, the nation would leaders in the South who fear the United no return may already have passed. Today's have risen in a frenzy of anger and fear. States will not, for lack of capabllity if not margin for action, and for error, is but a slim Instead, Americans heedless that the na for lack of will, be as strong an ally in the fraction of what it was two centuries ago tional survival is at stake, complacently ac future, and for this reason have reluctantly when men did not have to deal with aircraft, cept their Navy's new status as number two assented to the recent unification talks with ICBM's, and submarine missiles streaking sea power. Tb.ere are those who rationalize, North Korea. Their fears may be well over the horizon bearing nuclear warheads. saying the addition of new ships gives the founded. For the next confrontation between Ther·e will be no time thits time to rebuild smaller fleet a lower average a.ge with more East and West could very well be set in a cli neglected strength. Today's warships take modern equipment. That 1s true. The fleet mate of nuclear blackmail, making it im years to construct, but only minutes to de will be younger-but stlll much older than possible for America's inferior naval strength stroy-by enemy actiOlll or, more often, by the Soviet fleet. to be stretched to a foreign shore. legislative fiat. 39202 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 8, 1975
LATE MEANS NEVER question of the merits and demerits of has said losing the funds would be "an ab If the Unltd States ls not ready at sea the Federal Revenue Sharing Act, which solute disaster" for Jacksonville and could when the crisis comes, there will not be I will include at the conclusion of my force an increase in local property taxes of time to get ready. U.S. military forces are about $2.50 per $1,000 of taxable value. remarks. The problem is that Jacksonville, like far weaker, compared to the forces of the Several years ago there was a philos Soviet Union, than at any time since the many other cities, at first prudently ear Bolsheviks came to power. Already the U.S. ophy being expressed to the effect that marked the federal funds it was receiving Navy faces an almost impossible job of cop it would be better for the Federal Gov under the program for such capital-expendi ing with the huge Russian submarine force. ernment to get out of broad areas of ture uses as its water and sewer improve As the Soviets achieve superiority in the ·Government which are under our Con ment projects. number of nuclear ballistic missiles deployed stitution not primarily for Federal, but But this year, the city is spending the $9.7 in submarines (and that superiority is in rather for State or local respansibility million it will receive on current operating evitable, given the present shipbuilding pro such as education, welfare, et cetera expenses--running the police and fire depart grams of the two countries) nuclear black ments. It would be a hard blow to lose in while at the same time providing the come the city depends upon to help pay for mail of the most vicious type would be easy same amount of funds from the Federal to contemplate. its day-to-day operations. To illustrate: in one not altogether fanci Government but allowing the local gov There is a feeling, however, that CongreSl!I ful scenario suggested by think-tank strat ernments to decide the details of the may not favor extending the revenue-sharing egists, whose job it is to think the unthink spending. Personally, I saw a lot of merit program beyond its currently scheduled ex able, Moscow would once again-as she ap in that conc·ept and only one strong neg piration date of December 1976. parently started to do in late October-dis ative thought against it, and that is that, The program was voted when there was patch air, ground, and naval forces to inter generally speaking, it is sound govern relatively little concern for the state of the vene in the Middle East. Simultaneously, ment to require the spenders of tax dol federal government's budget. It's fairly ob a "hands off" ultimatum would flash from vious on all sides now that Washington it the Kremlin. With it would come notice that lars to be the ones who levy the taxes. self is nearly as strapped as the cities and Soviet submarine missiles and ICBMs were When one group taxes and another counties on whom it has in recent years zeroed in on U.S. cities, and any move to spends there is a tendency to overspend. heaped its dollars. intervene would trigger them. The United It is also argued that local taxes are Judging from his remarks before the North States would not, it is generally believed, more regressive than Federal because side Businessmen's Club Tuesday night, City initiate a nuclear exchange. Indeed, the real the latter are almost entirely from in Councilman David Harrell is one city official question is whether she would even risk the come taxes. The weakness of that argu who would not mourn the passing of revenue possibility of such an exchange, even though sharing. much of the future of the Free World de ment is that there is nothing in our Fed Harrell said he believes that "we're out of pends upon the Middle Ea.st. eral Constitution that prevents State, our minds" to have become dependent upon American idealists, and there are many of city, or other income taxes, even though those funds, and that cities should face up them, scoff at such a ·possibility. Their rea many States do not have income _tax laws to their own responsibilities and pay their soning seems to be that, because the United now. Also, many States and also cities own way. States would not resort to such blackmail, do have income taxes. "Don't extract more (federal) income taxes neither would the enemies of the United Anyway, when the Revenue Sharing for revenue sharing," Harrell told the club. States. This is much like saying that because "Leave it (the money) here in the com good citizens would not break the law, nei Act was enacted the idea of the Fed munity so we can levy taxes if we have the ther would criminals. It is extremely im eral Government getting out of an area guts to." That's a stern prescription, but it portant to recognize the fallacy of such of government was not tied very securely may be one the cities will have to swallow. idealistic and well intentioned theories. Be to acquiring the Federal funds and I and cause, unless the United States acts prompt others therefore voted against it. The On November 29 the Jacksonville Jour ly and with vigor to reverse course, the possi Federal Government is in much worse nal published the following editorial: bility for such blackmail, which already ex financial shape than any State of the REVENUE SHARING ists, will become almost irresistible. The concept behind revenue sharing was The Soviets drive with unmistakable pur Union. The Federal Government is in very bad financial condition in fact. that a relatively flush but remote federal pose to achieve ascendancy at sea; peaceful government should funnel funds back to the reversal will require "blood, sweat, and tears" Now there was an argument made, and cities and states, where they would be used from the American people, and a high order still being made, that these funds would to pay for bold, innovative new programs of leadership on the part of the President be used for innovative new programs and without further increases in "regressive" a.s well as Congress. Each day a solution to projects. That concept also seems not to state and local taxes. the problem becomes more difficult. Unless Most of the federal officials concerned still the United States quickly goes beyond the be the practice in many instances. For instance, I urged the city of Jacksonville stick to that viewpoint, at least in their pub l!lteps now underway-which a.re in the right lic statements. The October edition of "Treas direction, but halting and slow--she soon will to use a very small portion of the mil ury Papers," published by the U.S. Treasury have passed the last turning point! lions of dollars they receive under this Department, urging extension of the program, Survival of the American way of life de program to take by purchase, or by con proclaims it "a success," while conceding in pends upon the wlll of the American people demnation, the oldest significant build the same sentence that "the needs which the to preserve it. It depends upon the wisdom Congress originally intended that it address and integrity of national political leaders. ing in the core city and restore it for a modem cost-effective use sought for the continue to exist." Preservation demands superior strength, es Among other things, the publication says, pecially at sea. There is no alternative, and Florida Junior College. Not only did the the program has freed local resources for so "detente" is no substitute. city refuse to use these funds for that cial expenditures, shifted the financing of Man has moved far since few were masters purpose but they failed to apply in a activities "away from relatively more regres and most were slaves. He has farther yet to timely fashion for other Federal funds sive state and local taxes to the relatively go if the United States and al11es have but that could have brought the project to more progressive federal income tax," and the sagacity to choose the right course and reality. They were not turned down· on gradually is being relied upon more by local the fortitude to steer it. Charts marking the government for "recurring program costs course, clearly read: "Be strong at .sea or the merits of the project. They just did than on capital expenditures." die." not apply in the time scheme for applica How constructive this last may be is tions. debatable. Jacksonville, which has only On November 14 the Jacksonville in the current flsca.l year begun using reve REVENUE SHARING Journal published the following editorial nue sharing funds for recurring programs, about revenue sharing: now faces the prospect of having to raise HOOKED ON GREEN STUFF property taxes to continue the same level HON. CHARLES E. BENNETT of service if the program is discontinued next Having hooked American cities on the year. OF FLORIDA revenue sharing habit, the federal govern The measure of the plan, according to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment is now threatening to withdraw the Treasury, howevei:, is to examine "the man Monday, December 8, 1975 drug. The writhing of the cities, including ner in which recipient governments utlllze Jacksonvllle, 1s painful to see. the funds they receive under the program." Mr. BENNET!'. Mr. Speaker, the Jack Mayor Hans Tanzler's chief administrative That is what a former deputy chief of the sonville Journal in its November 29 officer, Lex Hester, soon to be leaving the city Law Enforcement Assistance Administra edition had a searching editorial on the for the greener pastures of Broward County, tion, considered a sort of revenue sharing December 8, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39203 prototype, has done. His report ls not favor eration of legislation which can correct crooked employers who see these unforunates ·able. the illegal alien problems in the Nation. as a source of cheap labor. I want the illegals "The original notion was that we would be It is as important a concern as any other kept out of this country for the nation's flooded with all these great ideas," Charles good and for their own." Biaggi has, for al R. Work has said. "And lo and behold, they issue we have considered. most two years, been pushing a blll that dldn't come at all." Mr. Speaker, I insert "The Un-Amer would provide fines and imprisonment for Instead, Work says, there has been "a icans," by Neal Travis: employers who knowingly hire illegal aliens. paucity of innovative ideas," and a growing THE UN-AMERICANS Jim Bishop, Secretary-Treasurer of the tendency to use the federal anticrtme funds (By Neal Travis) Painters Un.ion, District 9, reacts with the to buy gadgets, a one-time expenditure which same mixture of anger and compassion. "The requires no continued local effort when the It was a good story at the time-two contractors are at fault," says Bishop. "They federal money stops. lllegal aliens arrested as they toiled away hire illegals at $1.50 an hour, then ea.s.Uy out "Local law enforcement officials just won't at painting the Statue of Liberty. Very sym bid a union contractor who must pay his look around for the good idea, in part because bolic. But it's the unpublished sequel to that men $8 an hour. But often they will work they are as backward as they are, and in part incident last January that is really sym six days for one of these crooks and, come because they are as poorly educated as they bolic of America's illegal alien problem: payday, the boss will tell them the INS in are," Work claims. Both men arrested that day are still here. spector has been around and they had better Federal officials consequently, are ma.king They were brothers from Greece. One had flee--with, of course, no pay." more and more of the policy decisions, which jumped ship in Newark in 1969. Last year he Rosa S. bears them out. "I have to do what negates the program's purpose. married an American woman and, even I am told and accept what I am given," she Add to this the federal government's own though she had not applied for resident says. "Always it is hanging over me that I current budget problems and we begin to status for him at the time of the arrests, am unlawfully here. I fear the knock on the see why a number of congressmen now are he has been allowed to stay in this country. door." Rosa is a maid on Fifth Avenue, the beginning to question whether the revenue His brother lllegally entered America third housemaid's post; she came here from sharing program should continue at all. from Canada about two years ago and, when Haiti via Dominican Republic via Puerto Rico arrested, elected to go back there volun via Kennedy Airport. tarily rather than be deported. The brother "The boat was between Dominica and has since slipped back over the border and Puerto Rico," she says. "It cost me $75 for is living underground, waiting for his mar the crossing. The first time the boat turned ILLEGAL ALIEN PROBLEMS SUBJECT ried brother's resident status to be ap back halfway over, because it was rough. OF MAJOR FEATURE BY NEWS proved so he can be legally sponsored. The man said we would go again two days PAPER What this all means is that our immigra later but that I would have to pay another tion laws are a sham. Anyone who is at $75. My brothers spoke to the man and he least persistent will defeat them. This means changed his mind. But I was then very afraid HON. MARIO BIAGGI that hundreds of thousands of jobs, or per during the next trip. We hear stories about haps even more, that should belong to Amer people who pay to cross the passage and OF NEW YORK icans are held by illegals. never make it to the other side." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Immigration and Naturalization Serv From Puerto Rico it was a jet to Kennedy, Monday, December 8, 1975 ice is hamstrung by lack of funds and man loaded with citizens of the Commonwealth power and by a Congress that, for its own who have legal entry here--and an unknown Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, in the No various reasons, refuses to pass real laws to number of "pretend PRs" like Rosa. She got vember 23 edition of the New York Sun stem the alien flood. This does not mean the through without any difficulty. The jumbo day News a feature story appeared on illegals are having a great time of it. In jet with its increased loads, has proved a one of the most important economic and fact, most of them are pitiful figures living boon to people like Rosa. It makes immigra social problems of the United States, the in fear and poverty. They are today's Amer tion checks at both ends of the flight just illegal alien problem. ican slaves. that much more difficult for the authorities. INS Inspector Jack E. Coffey is the man Rosa was quickly absorbed in a Corona The story describes the effects which who made the Statue of Liberty bust. A block where the population ls about 90% the 8 to 12 million illegal aliens are hav former New York City cop and a veteran of Haitian. And on her second day she was ing on the U.S. economy. It also tells in immigration law enforcement, he could be taken to an employment agency in midtown graphic fashion how the illegal aliens expected to be bitter about the ones who Manhattan. If this was 20 years ago, Rosa are subjected to exploitation and vile get away. Yet he has seen the other side of would then have been subjected to "the line treatment by virtue of their illegal status. the "wets"-as he and other INS men refer up" in which ladies come in from the suburbs The article also describes the very se to the lllegal aliens. and pick out their new maids. "These poor people have been ripped off, "It is better now," says Rosa. "They take rious problems which the Immigration your picture with an instant camera, write Service is facing trying to deal with the cheated and extorted in just getting here," he says. "Then their employers pay them down your name and age and write in that problem. you are from Puerto Rico." The agencies slave wages, their landlords sleep them 10 to about a dozen of them in Manhattan alone- The article also goes into some detail a room, phony lawyers grab anything that's about approaches offered as solutions to then send a selection of these "biographies" left and finally, some of the time, we catch to prospective employers. All parties know the illegal alien problem. Legislation has them and send them home. been pending in this Congress since Jan they are dealing with illegals. "I feel very, very sorry for a lot of these "My first lady was very hard," says Rosa. uary, and it was thought that when H.R. people. America would be doing them a big "She shouted at me and called me stupid be 8713 reached the House Rules Commit favor by making it harder for them to get in cause then my English was not so good. And tee in October, consideration by the full in the first place. she worked me sometimes 13 hours in one House would soon follow. Now a scant "Qn the other hand, some very dangerous day. When she paid me at the end of the week away from the end of the 1st ses people are entering too. Fugitives from their week it was like she was giving me a gift. sion of the 94th Congress, this bill re own country, crlminals, even murderers. In She would always say that I was illegal and mains in the Rules Committee. this job there's no way of knowing what your must do what she ordered." If the illegal alien legislation is con target has fled from when you apprehend Rosa stood it for two months then simply sidered by the House I will offer amend him, which makes it a dangerous job. You ran away from the job. Still living with her can never tell to what lengths your man country people in Corona, she selected a ments similar to my bill H.R. 5987. The will go to avoid deportation." new name and went to another agency. The most important of these amendments will Coffey and his fellow officers think they new "lady" was kinder and the work a little be to make it an immediate Federal crime arrest about one in 20 of the lllegals. "The easier-from 8 in the morning until 7 at to knowingly hire illegal aliens. Noth figures aren't good," admits one, "but we can night and only till 3 on Saturday afternoon," ing short of immediate penalties will de do the job-we've proved it over and over-if says Rosa. "She paid me $85. Then my lady anyone really wants it done. If America wants went away and gave me to her friend. Here ter employers from hiring illegal aliens, I work the same hours, but now I get $95." a practice which has allowed illegal the allen crisis solved it only needs to vote the INS the money and resources and we will Rosa has heard of the minimum wage law aliens to hold down more than 1 million but doesn't think it has anything to do with get it done." her. She does not have a Social Security jobs, many of them well paying, all of The file.gals usually evade most truces and them desperately sought by American card, did not submit a tax return this year they often get welfare to which they're not and, in !act, will never show up on any gov workers. entitled. But Rep. Mario Biaggi {D-N.Y.), the ernment file. I hope Members will take the time to loudest voice in Congress on the alien crisis, Nobody knows how many Rosas there are read this article and to push for consid- says: "I place a.llllost all the blame with 1n America. The accepted figure at the start December 8, 1975 39204 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS of the year was seven to eight million il share the fears of the lowliest wetback: Ex seem to me wholly or in large part to legals. In New York, says Bla.ggl, the 11- posure. A lover's quarrel, an argument with account for the increase in export trade. legals hold a.t least 150,000 jobs-jobs that a. workmate, a. set-to with the boss. "It's just Our failure to pass the Karth amend a.re now more than ever needed by Ameri like being a tax evader,'' says Tommy, a ment merely serves to perpetuate the cans. His current blll in Congress would al young Englishman who has worked the East Treasury's $1.3 billion export subsidy most double the number of INS inspectors, afraid someone ls going to put you in." Still, they keep coming because it ls their giveaway. adding 2,500 officers a year at a cost of $50 Those three amendments which did mllllon a year. That's cheap, he says, point only hope of ever climbing out of the eco ing out that the Federal Government ls nomic gutter. "You think I am badly paid pass merely demonstrate, by virtue of spending $4.5 bllllon to make room !or 350,000 here?" asks Rosa, the Fifth Avenue maid. the very necessity of this House's having unemployed. "In Haiti I would not even have a. job." To to close such egregious loopholes, that The Justice Department admits the INS people like Rosa, the streets of America still this body has much work to do by way hasn't the funds to slow down, much less seem paved wlth, at lea.st, copper. Lt ls a of renovating the tax structure of this stop the mega.I inflow. Department sources land of ca.rs and washing ma.chines, of good country before it can claim even the not~ that this year there seem to be more health serv.ices and higher educa.tlon. "May mega.ls coming in than ever, despite the poor be not for me," says Rosa, "but for my meagerest of praise. The amendment of job market here. America's 9 or 10% unem children." fered by Congressman CORMAN, and ap ployment rate still beats many of the Latin proved by the House, was necessitated by American countries, where 25% unemployed a failure of the previous minimum tax ls oommon. TAX REFORM? concept to prevent wealthy individuals Jobs are not the only problem that come from maintaining large amounts of tax with the illegals. Almost none of them have preferential income. The net result of the funds necessary to set themselves up HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON here, so they are destined to further ta.x the old law has been that taxes were the nation's welfare rolls. And they end up OF MASSACHUSETTS avoided, or paid in a disproportionately in ghettos, trapped there by high rents and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES small share, by those who can best afford low wages. None of the mega.ls has passed the Monday, December 8, 1975 to pay them. With this amendment we health screening every vlsltor to the U.S. are at least spared the spectacle of 622 must have. No one knows what sort of com Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, people with gross adjusted incomes of municable diseases may accompany them. there has been much debate and contro more than $100,000 paying not one penny The mega.ls are a drain on the econ versy surrounding H.R. 10612, the Tax in Federal income taxes. omy sending whatever money they can save Reform Act of 1975, which passed the out ~f the country to their relatives. And, in The two other laudable amendments a grim tendency INS inspectors have noticed House on December 4, 1975. My views on which received favorable consideration lately more and more of the illegals are the measure as reported by the House were the portfolio withholding tax, intro bringing drugs intO the country. "You pie~ Committee on Ways and Means were duced by Congressman FISHER, and the up an a.lien with a. few ounces of heroin, perhaps best expressed by Congressman elimination of the capital loss carryback, one INS man says. "He pleads that he's nev MIKVA when he dubbed the measure the introduced by Congressman STARK. The er done anything like that before and he "Tax Relaxation Act." I am therefore former of these amendments opposed the only wants to get a nest egg to set him up disturbed, though hardly surprised, that here. It's probably the truth, but it's on~ elimination of withholding tax of for more way that narcotics are coming here. a series of amendments offered in the eigners who earn income in the United The illegal a.lien who does keep out of hope of reforming at least to some degree States, a provision which would have al trouble has very little to worry a.bout from the current tax structure have met with lowed many foreigners to escape taxa Uncle Sam. If he's caught, or turns himself severely limited success. Even those pro tion by both our country and by their in the alien is given the chance to leave of gressive amendments which were adopted own country. The latter of these amend hi~ own accord, or be deported. If he refuses tend to be the ones about which corpo ments prevented the special interests of to go a deportation hearing ls set and ln rate and moneyed interests were least the 'meantime a usually modest bond a few wealthy individuals such as Mr. H. granted. Perhaps a third of those who post concerned. Given the total results of last Ross Perot from being served. bonds just vanish back into the alien under week's exercises, one can only conclude Two particularly unadvised amend world. And of all the ii.liens apprehended that private interests have won a sizeable ments, the minimum taxable income in the U.S. each year, one third are repeaters. victory. amendment--MTI-introduced by Con Not all the lllegal aliens a.re lying low The two amendments which, had they gressman JONES, and the exemptions and minding their own business. Many of passed, would have signaled a significant from LAL provisions and farm opera ithose being apprehended these days are desire on the part of this Congress to tions, introduced by Congressman SMITH, found with an impressive array of docu undertake meaningful tax reform were could by no stretch of the imagination be mentation-including voter registmtion and the real estate limitation on artificial Social Security cards. termed tax reform measures. The former A Social Security ca.rd is instant citlzen losses-LAL-introduced by Congress would have provided a vehicle by which shlp as far as most employers are concerned. man MIKVA, and the tightening of the wealthy individuals already sheltered by They do not bother checking whether an Domestic International Sales Corpora the depletion allowance and capital gains applicant also has a work visa. Why should tion amendment--DISC-offered by provisions would actually enjoy a reduc they? There's no penalty for employing an Congressman KARTH. The defeat of these tion of tax liability. The Jones amend mega.I. - two amendments makes it painfully ob ment would have cost the Treasury Getting a Social Security ca.rd 1s not qulte vious that the 94th Congress has little $300 to $500 million; fortunately, the as easy as it was, say, ftve years ago. But interest in eliminating even the most it ls still a whole lot simpler than it should measure was defeated. The passage of be. Maurice Kiley, regional director for the blatant of tax shelters. the Smith amendment in a purported tax Immigration and Naturalization Service, tells The Mikva amendment called for a reform act defies the understanding, in of one mega.I picked up by his inspectors. property by property assessment of in asmuch as the only people who will bene He had 12 Social Security cards in 12 vestment ventures, not aggregation of fit by a raise in. the limit on nonfarm. different names. investment gains and losses. It would income will be people who invest in farms The lllegal aliens are not all restricted to have eliminated the transfer of a loss solely for the purpose of creating arti employment in the fields no one else wants from one venture to a gain from another to enter. There are accountants, advertising ficial losses to off set personal income. One executives, travel a.gents--every field has its venture, the result being a net reduction more tax shelter for the rich would have quota of illegals and the more prosperous of tax liability. The application of LAL been the only harvest these "farmers·• the employ:men:t the less likelihood o! their on a property-by-property basis sensibly would have ever produced. being hassled. follows the precept that expenses in Last week's debates and votes paint a The most dashing of the illegal a.liens are curred in an income producing venture grim picture indeed as to the possibility to be !aund tending bar in the better East should be subtra.eted from that venture's of meaningful tax reform in this Con Side saloons. At a time when more and more income for tax purposes, and not from gress. As usual, business has received a bars a.re finding it trendy to have a.n English income earned on a separate venture. or Irlsh "pub" atmosphere, there ls a. great token reprimand, while the tax paying demand !or English and Irish bartenders. The validity of the DISC provisions public has to continue to bear far more Many of them are mega.ls. The rest, because has been the subject of highly specula than their fair share of the tax burden. they have a. close relative who is an Ameri tive debate. We are all familiar with The old cliche that the rich get richer can citizen, a.re semi-lega.1-that ls, they a.re businesses' pamphlets which credit DISC and the poor get poorer has received going through the motions o! getting work with increases in export trade. These added verification as a result of last ing visas while stashing away money. pamphlets rarely mention the interven week's inaction on the part of the House But even these seemingly carefree illegals ing two devaluations of the dollar, which of Representatives.