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Species Composition and Relative Abundance of Bird Fauna in Thu Nge Taw Village, Tada - U Township

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Species Composition and Relative Abundance of Bird Fauna in Thu Nge Taw Village, Tada - U Township University Journal of Creativity and Innovative Research 2020 Vol-01 Issue-01 Species Composition and Relative Abundance of Bird Fauna in Thu Nge Taw Village, Tada - U Township Kyu Kyu San Nwe Nwe Thein Than Htwe Kyaukse University Kyaukse University Kyaukse University [email protected] nwenwethein,[email protected] [email protected] Abstract Myanmar is a small part of the oriental region, but because of its favourable situation, with its head near The study was conducted in Thu Nge Taw Village from the Himalayas and its tail extending down to Malaysia; November 2017 to April 2018. 39 species of birds it has one of the richest avifauna. The avifauna of belonging to ten orders, 23 families and 35 genera were Myanmar is never stationary with the changing of the recorded as 19 water birds and the remaining 20 species season birds that summer is northern latitudes are as terrestrial birds. The species belonging to Order unable to find food in those latitudes in winter, it Passeriformes were most abundant (35.89%), followed by therefore move south wards to an area that time and Ciconiiformes (23.07%), Charadriiformes and circumstance have fixed as its winter quarter [9]. Coraciiformes (10.25%), Gruiformes (7.69%) and A total of 1327 species are known to occur in South Anseriformes, Podicipediformes, Pelecaniformes and East Asia [8]. Myanmar embraces a rich and diverse Bucerotiformes (2.56% each). Average abundance avifauna, amounting to more than any other country in indicated that common species (30), very common species mainland South East Asia[8]. (six) and uncommon species (three) in the study period. In Thu Nge Taw village was situated between South- the study area two Myanmar endemic birds species of West of Mandalay and North-West of Kyaukse Mirafra microptera and Turdodides gularis were University and near the Pyukan Lake. Variety of recorded. It may be concluded that Thu Nge Taw Village is vegetation, paddy fields, cultivated plants and other suitable place for avifauna to inhabit due to abundance of seasonal crops of the study area serve as a favourale vegetation and being undisturbed by human being. habitat for foraging nesting and roosting of bird species. Therefore the present study has been made on the Key word: species composition, relative abundance, birds. avifauna of Thu Nge Taw village with following objectives: 1. Introduction - to investigate the composition and the relative abundance of bird species in the study area Birds are good indicators, and can be used to identify the most biologically rich areas, as well as 2. Materials and Methods environmental changes and problem. They are found in almost all natural habitats, they are high in food chain 2.1. Study area and thus reflect changes lower down, a wealth of data have been collected by ornithologists, and their Thu Nge Taw village is located in the Tada - U conservation. Status is well known relative to other taxa Township, which lies between latitude 21º47' N and [5]. longitude 95º56'E (Plate 1). Birds are found almost everywhere an earth, comprise over 10,000 species and occupy a diverse 2.2. Study period array of habitat. Not only birds are relatively easy to survey, but they are sensitive to environmental change. The present study was conducted from November Unfortunately, like other wildlife, bird numbers have 2017 to April 2018. been declining worldwide due to habitat destruction and fragmentation. Some estimate that one out of every 2.3. Survey methods eight bird species today is globally threatened, and one fifth of all bird species is at some level of conservation The study area was visited twice per month. Birds concern [6]. were viewed by using Bushnell binoculars (8×40). The Species composition, abundance and behaviour of photos of birds were taken immediately with digital birds are known to vary seasonally. Some species are camera after sighting. On every trip, birds watching was permanent, residents in an area; others occupy an area taken between 6:30 to 9: 30am and 4:30 to 6:00 pm. only during winter or summer. In addition, the quantity and quality of the habitat, both in terms of plant condition and food resources, very seasonally. The 2.4. Identification and classification description of the structure of bird communities is thus complicated by many factors [7]. Bird species identification and classification were followed after Robson (2011). 358 University Journal of Creativity and Innovative Research 2020 Vol-01 Issue-01 2.5. Analysis of data February (2018). Common species (30), very common species (6), and uncommon species (3) were observed The data collected were analyzed as following (Table 3). The total number of 1638 individual was noted. The 푡표푡푎푙 푛표.표푓 푛푑푣푑푢푎푙 푛 푒푎푐ℎ 푠푝푒푐푒푠 Relative composition= ×100 number of individuals was the highest in December and 푡표푡푎푙 푛표,표푓 푛푑푣푑푢푎푙 푛 푎푙푙 푠푝푒푐푒푠 푡표푡푎푙 푛표.표푓 푛푑푣푑푢푎푙 푛 푒푎푐ℎ 푠푝푒푐푒푠 the lowest in November. Ardea alba, Bubulcus Relative abundance = 푡표푡푎푙 푛표.표푓 푛푑푣푑푢푎푙 푛 푎푙푙 푠푝푒푐푒푠 coromandus, Mesophoyx intermedia, Egretta garzetta, (Bisht et al., 2004) Dicrurus macrocercus, Streptopelia chinensis, Corvus The average relative abundance was categorized as splendens, Motacilla alba, Acridotheres tristis, Sturnus following. burmannicus, Saxicola caprata and Mirafra microptera Uncommon (uC) = having relative abundance less species occur in both site. than 0.01 Common (C) = having relative abundance greater than 0.01 and less than 0.05 Very Common(vC)=having relative abundance 0.05 and above Fig 1. Composition of bird species in different Orders Table 1. Composition of bird species in Orders Sr. No. of No. of No. of Composition Order Plate 1 Map showing the location of study area No family genus Species (%) 1. Anseriformes 1 1 1 2.56 2. Podicipediformes 1 1 1 2.56 3. Results 3. Ciconiiformes 3 8 9 23.07 4. Pelecaniformes 1 1 1 2.56 5. Gruiformes 1 3 3 7.69 During the study period 39 species of birds belonging 6. Charadriiformes 3 4 4 10.25 7. Columbiformes 1 1 1 2.56 to ten orders, 23 families and 35 genera were collected. 8. Coraciiformes 1 3 4 10.25 9. Bucerotiformes 1 1 1 2.56 10. Passeriformes 10 14 14 35.89 3.1. Species composition of recorded species Total 23 37 39 100 A total of 39 species, belonging to ten orders, 23 Table 2. List of collected bird species in Thu Nge families under 35 genera was recorded in the present study Taw village, Tada - U Township Order Family Scientific Name Common Name Local Name (Table 2). Anseriformes Anatidae Anas Indian Spot-billed be-sa-gud poecilorhyncha Duck The greatest number of families were comprised Podicipediforme Podicipedidae Tachybaptus Little Grebe ta-si-hmoke s ruficollis Passeriformes (10), and then Charadriiformes (3), Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Anastomus Asian Openbill khayu-sok Ciconiiformes(3), Anseriformes (1), Podicipediformes oscitans Threskiornithida Threskiornis Black-headed Ibis khayu-sok-phyu (1),Pelecaniformes(1),Gruiformes(1), Columbiformes (1) and e melanocephalus Plegadis Glossy Ibis khayu-sok-ahme Bucerotiformes (1) (Table 1). falcinellus Out of 39 speices, 14 species belong to Passeriformes, Ardeidae Ardea purpurea Purple Heron nga-hit Ardea alba Great Egret byaing-ngan nine species to Ciconiiformes, four species to Ardeola grayii Indian Pond heron byaing-auk Charadriiformes and Coraciiformes and one species of Bubulcus Eastern Cattle kywe-gyaung-byaing coromandus Egret Anseriformes, Podicipediformes, Pelecaniformes, Mesophoyx Intermediate Egret thayawaddy- byaing Columbiformes and Bucerotiformes. Species belong to intermedia Egretta garzetta Little Egret waitharli-byaing Order Passeriformes were most dominant (35.89%), Pelecaniformes Phalacrocoracid Phalacrocorax Little Cormorant din-gyi ae niger followed by Ciconiiformes (23.07%), Charadriiformes and Gruiformes Rallidae Amaurornis White - breasted ye-kyatma phoenicurus Waterhen Coraciiformes (10.25%), Gruiformes (7.69%) and Porphyrio Purple Swamphen me-nyo porphyrio Anseriformes, Podicipediformes, Pelecaniformes and Gallinula Common ye-kyat Columbiformes (2.56% each) (Table 1). chloropus Moorhen Charadriiformes Jacanidae Hydrophasianus Pheasant -tailed kyar-bat-hnin In site I (Ya Myae), the total number of 740 chirurgus Jacana Charadriidae Vanellus indicus Red - wattled tit-ti-too individual were recorded. The highest number of 251 Lapwing Charadrius dubius Little Ringed tit-ti-too individual was observed in December and lowest 79 Plover Scolopacidae Actitis hypoleucos Common ye-nyaunt-kaung individual in November. In site II(Le Myae), the highest Sandpiper of individual 316 in December and lowest individual 39 Columbifor Columbidae Streptopelia Spotted Dove gyo-lei-byauk mes chinensis in November was observed. Coraciiforme Alcedinidae Halcyon Stork-billed sin-pain-nyin s capensis Kingfisher Halcyon White - pain-nyin-yin-phyu smymensis throated 3.2. Relative abundance Kingfisher In the present study, the relative abundance of some bird species was assessed from November, (2017) to 359 University Journal of Creativity and Innovative Research 2020 Vol-01 Issue-01 Table 2. Continued C = Common Order Family Scientific Name Common Name Local Name Alcedo atthis Common pain-nyin uC = Uncommon Kingfisher vC = Very common Merops Green Bee - hnget-pasin-hto orientalis eater Bucerotiform Upupidae Upupa epops Common taung-bi-soke es Hoopoe Passeriforme Dicruridae Dicrurus Black Drongo lin-mi-swe s macrocercus Dicrurus Ashy Drongo lin-mi-swe leucophaeus Corvidae Corvus House Crow kyi-gan splendens Ploceidae Lonchura Scaly-breasted sar - wadi striata Munia Passeridae Passer House
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