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Bird Report 1999
YELLOWSTONE BIRD REPORT 1999 Terry McEneaney Yellowstone Center for Resources National Park Service Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming YCR–NR–2000–02 Suggested citation: McEneaney, T. 2000. Yellowstone Bird Report, 1999. National Park Service, Yellowstone Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, YCR–NR–2000–02. Cover: Special thanks to my wife, Karen McEneaney, for the stunning pencil drawing of a Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) talon. The Golden Eagle is one of Yellowstone’s most formidable avian predators. When viewing Golden Eagle talons up close, one soon realizes why the bird is a force to be reckoned with in the natural world. Title page: Great Horned Owlet. The photographs in this report are courtesy of Terry McEneaney. ii CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 5 Bird Impression .............................................................. 20 Weather Patterns and Summary ....................................... 5 National Geographic Field Guide .................................... 21 THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES .............................. 7 Retirement of Yellowstone Pilot Dave Stradley .............. 21 Peregrine Falcon ............................................................... 7 Yellowstone Birds: Their Ecology and Distribution ....... 21 Bald Eagle ........................................................................ 7 Computerized Database ................................................. 21 Whooping Crane ............................................................. -
Air Speeds of Migrating Birds Observed by Ornithodolite and Compared with Predictions from Flight Theory Rsif.Royalsocietypublishing.Org C
Air speeds of migrating birds observed by ornithodolite and compared with predictions from flight theory rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org C. J. Pennycuick1, Susanne A˚kesson2 and Anders Hedenstro¨m2 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UG, UK 2Department of Biology, Centre for Animal Movement Research, Lund University, Ecology Building, 223 62 Lund, Sweden Research We measured the air speeds of 31 bird species, for which we had body mass Cite this article: Pennycuick CJ, A˚kesson S, and wing measurements, migrating along the east coast of Sweden in Hedenstro¨m A. 2013 Air speeds of migrating autumn, using a Vectronix Vector 21 ornithodolite and a Gill WindSonic anem- ometer. We expected each species’ average air speed to exceed its calculated birds observed by ornithodolite and compared minimum-power speed (Vmp), and to fall below its maximum-range speed with predictions from flight theory. J R Soc (Vmr), but found some exceptions to both limits. To resolve these discrepancies, Interface 10: 20130419. we first reduced the assumed induced power factor for all species from 1.2 to http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0419 0.9, attributing this to splayed and up-turned primary feathers, and then assigned body drag coefficients for different species down to 0.060 for small waders, and up to 0.12 for the mute swan, in the Reynolds number range 25 000–250 000. These results will be used to amend the default values in exist- Received: 8 May 2013 ing software that estimates fuel consumption in migration, energy heights on Accepted: 31 May 2013 arrival and other aspects of flight performance, using classical aeronautical theory. -
17A a STUDY.Pdf
ISSN: 2319-8753 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 3, Issue 1, January 2014 A STUDY OF AVIFAUNAL DIVERSITY AND INFLUENCES OF WATER QUALITY IN THE UDHAYAMARTHANDAPURAM BIRD SANCTUARY, TIRUVARUR DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU, INDIA V. Ramamurthy1, R. Rajakumar2 Assistant Professor, P.G. and Research Department of Biochemistry, Marudupandiyar College, Thanjavur – 613 403, Tamil Nadu, India1 Assistant Professor, P.G. and Research Department of Biotechnology, Marudupandiyar College, Thanjavur – 613 403, Tamil Nadu, India2 Abstract: The diversity of wetlands is intermediary zones between permanently aquatic and dry terrestrial eco-systems. Wetlands require collaborated research involving natural, social and inter disciplinary studied to understanding the various components such as monitoring of water quality, socio-economic dependency, biodiversity and other activities as an indispensable tool for formulating long term conservation strategies. The physico-chemical parameters of one of the major habitats for birds, the wetlands are known to influence congregation of migratory and resident species of birds. The present study deals with the interactions between these abiotic factors and bird diversity of the Udhayamarthandapuram bird sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India for a period of August 2011 to March 2012. During these study periods the water birds were grouped into five categories namely diving birds, swimming birds, small waders, large waders and aerial foragers. During each visit waterfowl survey was carried out and water samples were also collected to document the seasons. The variations in bird aggregations as well as physico-chemical factors are discussed. Most of the abiotic factors were significantly influenced for the density, diversity and richness of the water bird groups. -
Free Download! the Trumpeter Swan
G3647 The Trumpeter Swan by Sumner Matteson, Scott Craven and Donna Compton Snow-white Trumpeter Swans present a truly spectac- Swans of the Midwest ular sight. With a wingspan of more than 7 feet and a rumpeter Swans, along with ducks and geese, belong height of about 4 feet, the Trumpeter Swan (Cygnus buc- to the avian Order Anseriformes, Family Anatidae. cinator) ranks as the largest native waterfowl species in T Trumpeters have broad, flat bills with fine tooth-like North America. serrations along the edges which allow them to strain Because the Trumpeter Swan disappeared as a breed- aquatic plants and water. The birds’ long necks and ing bird in the Midwest, several states have launched strong feet allow them to uproot plants in water up to 4 restoration programs to reintroduce it to the region. This feet deep. publication will provide you with background informa- Most Trumpeter Swans weigh 21–30 pounds, tion on the Trumpeter Swan’s status and life history, and although some males exceed the average weight. The on restoration efforts being conducted in the upper male is called a cob; the female is called a pen; and a swan Midwest. in its first year is called a cygnet or juve- nile. The Trumpeter is often con- fused with the far more common Tundra Swan (formerly Whistling Swan, Cygnus columbianus), the only other native swan found routinely in North America. Tundra Swans can be seen in the upper Trumpeter Swan Midwest only during spring and fall migration. You can distinguish between the two native species most accurately by listening to their calls. -
Commentaries
COMMENTARIES The Water Repellency of Water-bird Feathers ARIE M. RIJKE• Elowson (1984) analyzed the physico-chemical or, by incorporatingEq. 1: principles involved in the water repellency of textile fabrics.Based partly on measurementsof the feather Ws, = %a (1 + cos 0). (2a) structureof 14 water-bird species,she concludedthat Adam (1956) pointed out that if a surfaceis rough or the "textile model" cannot be applied reliably to porous,large contactangles may causedrops to en- feathers, and does not account for the spread-wing trap air in the hollows and interstices,thereby form- behavioral differencesamong water birds. I present ing additional air-liquid interfaces.This will causea a rebuttal to Elowson's critique centering on three considerableincrease in contact angle becausethe main issues. work of adhesion between liquid and air is essen- First,the physicalprinciples of the water repellen- tially negligible. The work of adhesionbetween a cy of porous surfaces,originally applied to treated liquid and a poroussurface, W•, is analogousto Eq.2: textile fabricsto explain the mechanismof water re- pellency,generally have been acceptedin the orni- Wps,= f•(3'• - %,) + (1 - f2)3'•, (3) thologicaland textile-processingliterature (Moilliet 1963;Clark 1969; Kennedy 1969, 1972; Siegfried et where f• is the area of solid-liquid interface and f• al. 1975;Mahoney 1984). Elowson argued that textile that of liquid-air interface per unit macroscopicsur- fabrics and feather substructure are too dissimilar to face area. Substitutionof Eqs. 1 and 2a then yields justify comparison.More specifically,Elowson con- (Cassie and Baxter 1944): sideredthe conditionof parallel, perfectly cylindri- cal rows of rami and barbules essential for the valid- cos0^ = f•cos0 - f•, (4) ity of the "textile model" to predict the water where 0a is now the apparent contact angle as in- repellencyof feathers.Because the rami and barbules creasedby the formation of air-liquid interfaces. -
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
FACT SHEET Arctic National Wildlife Refuge ARCTIC BIRDS IN YOUR STATE The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is a place unlike any Alabama - Ruby-crowned Kinglet Alaska - Redpoll other in the world. The Alaskan refuge, often referred to Arizona - Fox Sparrow as “America’s Serengeti,” is a remote sanctuary for diverse Arkansas - Mallard California - Snow Goose populations of migratory birds, fish, mammals, and marine Colorado - Bohemian Waxwing Connecticut - Greater Scaup life. The Refuge spans an area roughly the size of South Delaware - Black-bellied Plover Carolina and boasts snow-capped mountains, arctic tundra, Florida - Peregrine Falcon Georgia - Gray-checked Thrush foothills, wetlands, boreal forest, and fragile coastal plains. Hawaii - Wandering Tattler America’s Arctic Refuge was set aside as a safe haven for Idaho - Short-eared Owl Illinois - Northern Flicker wildlife in 1960, and it has remained wild in its more than Indiana - Dark-eyed Junco 50 years as a Refuge. Iowa - Sharp-shinned Hawk Kansas - Smith’s Longspur Kentucky – Merlin AMERICA’S LAST GREAT WILDERNESS Louisiana - Long-billed Dowitcher Maine - Least Sandpiper Maryland - Tundra Swan The Arctic Refuge is often mischaracterized as a blank, frozen void Massachusetts - Golden Plover of uninhabited tundra. Although winter frequently coats the Arc- Michigan - Long-tail Duck tic with snow and freezes the ground, it gives way to lush, vibrant Minnesota - Snowy Owl Mississippi – Northern Waterthrush growth in warmer months. In fact, the Refuge’s unparalleled diver- Missouri - American Pipit sity makes it the most biologically productive habitat in the North. Montana - Golden Eagle Nebraska - Wilson’s Warbler Landscape Nevada - Green-winged Teal The majestic Brooks Range rises 9,000 feet, providing sharp contrast New Hampshire - Dunlin New Jersey – Canvasback to the flat, wetlands-rich coastal plains at its feet. -
Mute Swans Make Noise: Lower Great Lakes Population Scrutinized
Mute Swans Make Noise: Lower Great Lakes Population Scrutinized Scott A. Petrie* Introduction and 10 to15 percent per year. At this growth Population Status rate, the southern Ontario population Mute Swans (Cygnus olor), endemic to will double every seven to eight years. Eurasia, were introduced to North Also, given that the lower Great Lakes American city parks, zoos, avicultural includes about 116,000 acres of coastal collections, and estates in the late 1800s wetland habitat, the population could and early 1900s. The intentional releas- potentially reach 30,000 swans. If Mute es and accidental escape of these birds Swans populations increase to the point and their progeny resulted in a rapidly that they begin nesting on inland wet- expanding free-flying feral population lands and man-made waterbodies, as along the northeastern Atlantic Coast of they have in Poland and along the the United States, portions of the Pacific Atlantic Coast of the United States, we Coast, and more recently, much of the could expect that the southern Ontario southern half of the Great Lakes basin. population could even surpass 30,000 It is well known that exotic waterfowl birds. can have negative ecological impacts on The rapid growth rate of southern native species, particularly if the intro- Ontario’s feral Mute Swans can probably duced species is aggressive, competes be attributed to a number of factors. with other waterfowl for food or habi- The lower Great Lakes is climatically tat, and/or hybridizes with native similar to the native Eurasian range of species. Although hybridization is not Mute Swans. -
Wild Discover Zone SWAN LAKE
Wild Discover Zone SWAN LAKE This activity is designed to engage all ages of Zoo visitors. Your duty as an excellent educator, and interpreter is to adjust your approach to fit each group you interact with. Be aware that all groups are on some kind of a time limit. There are no set time requirements for this interaction. Read their behavior and end the interaction when they seem ready to move on. Theme:. It is easy to observe wildlife all around us including our own backyards, parks, and green spaces. Summary: Educators will help visitors observe local wildlife and learn techniques to identify several species of animals on Swan Lake with the help of field guides and technology. Objectives: At the end of the encounter, guests will: Appreciate that wildlife is a part of our communities and accessible to all Use observation skills to compare and contrast field marks on local animals Be able to identify several different species on Swan Lake Engage with technology through the use of binoculars and spotting scope to make observations Location: Cart near Swan Lake between Gibbon Island and Admin Building Materials: Binoculars, spotting scope with tripod, Swan Lake field guides, bird feeder with seed, several hummingbird feeders Background Information: While many visitors consider “wildlife” the exotic animals we have in the Zoo, there is actually native wildlife happening all around us too! One of the most observable types of local wildlife is birds. Correctly identifying birds and other types of plants and animals is possible with a few techniques and tools paired with simple observation. -
Contamination by Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and Lead in Steller's
First Symposium on Steller’s and White-tailed Sea Eagles in East Asia pp. 91-106, 2000 UETA, M. & MCGRADY, M.J. (eds) Wild Bird Society of Japan, Tokyo Japan Contamination by chlorinated hydrocarbons and lead in Steller’s Sea Eagle and White-tailed Sea Eagle from Hokkaido, Japan Hisato IWATA1*, Mafumi WATANABE2, Eun-Young KIM1, Rie GOTOH2, Genta YASUNAGA2, Shinsuke TANABE2, Yasushi MASUDA3 & Shoichi FUJITA1 1. Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9 North Ward, Sapporo, Japan. 2. Department of Environment Conservation, Ehime University, Tarumi 3-5-7, Matsuyama, Japan. 3. Shiretoko Museum, Honmachi 49, Shari, Hokkaido, Japan. Abstract. Chronic exposure to man-made chemicals, particularly chlorinated hydrocarbons, in raptors has been associated with reproductive impairment and population declines. In addition, incidents of sub-lethal and lethal lead poisoning in raptors through ingestion of spent gunshot have been reported. However, little information is available on the contaminant levels of Steller’s Sea Eagle (SSE: Haliaeetus pelagicus) and White-tailed Sea Eagle (WSE: H. albicilla) from Hokkaido, Japan. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of toxic contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, and lead in sea eagles wintering in Hokkaido, and to evaluate the ecotoxicological risk based on their concentrations. SSEs and WSEs which were found dead or debilitated and subsequently died in Hokkaido from 1986 to 1998 were analysed. All eagles contained detectable amounts of PCBs, DDTs, hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, chlordane related compounds, and hexachlorobenzene. The highest concentrations of PCBs and DDTs in breast muscles were 18,000 and 17,000 ng/g (wet weight), respectively. -
Environmental Impact Report
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT SUPPLEMENT TO THE REPORT ON THE ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT OF THE “CONSTRUCTION OF THE KARCINO-SARBIA WIND FARM (17 WIND TURBINES)” OF 2003 Name of the undertaking: KARCINO-SARBIA Wind Farm (under construction) Contractor: AOS Agencja Ochrony Środowiska Sp. z o.o. based in Koszalin Arch. No. 52/OŚ/OOS/06 Koszalin, September 2006 Team: Bogdan Gutkowski, M.Sc.Eng.– Expert for Environmental Impact Assessment Appointed by the Governor of the West Pomerania Province Marek Ziółkowski, M.Sc. Eng. – Environmental Protection Expert of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, Natural Resources and Forestry; Environmental Protection Consultant Dagmara Czajkowska, M.Sc. Eng. – Specialist for Environmental Impact Assessment, Specialist for Environmental Protection and Management Ewa Reszka, M.Sc. – Specialist for the Protection of Water and Land and Protection against Impact of Waste Damian Kołek, M.Sc.Eng. – Environmental Protection Specialist 2 CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 5 II. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE PROJECT ..................................................... 9 1. Location and adjacent facilities....................................................................................................... 9 2. Modifications to the project .......................................................................................................... 10 3. Technical description of the project .............................................................................................. -
Trumpeter Swan Habitat Conservation Strategy
Trumpeter Swan Habitat Conservation Strategy Photo Credit: Northwest Territories Version 6 October 28, 2014 Rick Bonar Table of Contents Preface ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 Summary ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 5 Conservation Status ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Population Status ........................................................................................................................................ 8 FMA Observations ....................................................................................................................................... 9 Limiting Factors ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Habitat Loss and Alteration ................................................................................................................................. 9 Human Disturbance ........................................................................................................................................... -
(USDA) Forest Service Working with Partners for Bird Conservation
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service Appendix A Working with Partners for Bird Conservation Bird Conservation Accomplishments Published 2004 This appendix lists the bird conservation accomplishment projects by USDA Forest Service Deputy Areas: National Forest Systems, Research and Development, State and Private and International Programs. This is not a complete set of the many bird conservation actions that have been or are currently being implemented across Forest Service Deputy Areas. It represents bird conservation accomplishment projects from the administrative units that replied at the time of the request. Projects started before fiscal year 2000 that are ongoing or conducted annually (beyond 2002) are reported as “ongoing” or “annually”, with the date of inception included (when known). I. National Forest Systems Region 1 (R-1): Northern Region Regionwide Accomplishments Partnership Enhancement • Partners in Flight (PIF) and Bird Conservation Region (BCR) Plans. Forest Service biologists throughout the Northern Region participated in the development of PIF and BCR plans for Montana, Idaho, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Active participation is ongoing with PIF working groups, BCR coordinators, joint venture meetings, and other activities that promote bird conservation. Partners in these efforts include the American Bird Conservancy (ABC), Montana Fish, Wildlife, & Parks (MFWP), Idaho Department of Fish and Game 1 (Idaho Fish & Game), U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Potlatch Corp., Plum Creek Timber Co., local Audubon Society Chapters, and the Universities of Montana and Idaho. Ongoing since FY1993. • Montana Sage Grouse and Sagebrush Conservation Strategy. The Northern Region participated in the Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks-led effort to develop a statewide sage grouse and sagebrush conservation strategy.