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Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Hydrothermal Heat Carrier of Mutnovskoye Field

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Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Hydrothermal Heat Carrier of Mutnovskoye Field PROCEEDINGS, Thirtieth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering Stanford University, Stanford, California, January 31-February 2, 2005 SGP-TR-176 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROTHERMAL HEAT CARRIER OF MUTNOVSKOYE FIELD 1Gorbach V.A., 2Potapov V.V., 3Taskin V.V. 1,2,3Research Geotechnological Center, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (RGC FEB RAS), Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Kamchatka, 683002, Russia, Severo-Vostochnoe shosse, 30, P.O. Box 56, e-mail: [email protected] problem – formation of solid deposits in wells, pipes ABSTRACT and heat equipment of geothermal electric power plant. Solid deposits of silica make the largest The experiments on researching of physical and difficulty. In this paper results of researching of the chemical characteristics of hydrothermal heat carrier chemical composition and characteristics of heat of Verhne-Mutnovsky geothermal electric power carrier which are necessary for solving the technical plant and wells 4E, 014 of Mutnovskoyoe field were problems of exploitation of geothermal electric carried out. The concentrations of cations and anions, power plant are given. pH, mineralization, ionic strength, conductivity of separate and vapor condensate solutions, 1. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LIQUID concentration of gases in vapor phase of heat carrier AND VAPOUR PHASES OF were determined. Coefficients in linear dependence HYDROTHERMAL HEAT CARRIER of ionic strength from solution mineralization for separate and condensate were established. The Experiments on researching of physical and chemical dependence of separate conductivity from solution characteristics were carried out using hydrothermal temperature was investigated. The experimental data separate from productive wells of Verkhne- and theoretical values of conductivity were Mutnovsky geothermal electric power plant and, compared. The sizes and diffusion coefficients of besides, from wells 014, 4E, 5E, A2 of Mutnovskoe colloidal silica particles were measured by the field. pH value of samples of solution at 20°C was method of photon correlation spectroscopy. The within 8.0-9.4, total mineralization – 1.0 – 2.5 g/kg, results obtained in this work can be applied for ionic strength of solution – 10 – 20 mmole/kg. Total development of technology of silica extraction and content of silica in samples was 650 – 820 mg/kg, increasing of efficiency of hydrothermal heat carrier concentration of monomeric silica (monomeric using. orthosilicic acid) corresponded to solubility Ce at the temperature of the experiments. The most INTRODUCTION experiments were carried out with separate samples from the reinjection pipe-line of Verkhne-Mutnovsky Chemical composition of hydrothermal heat carrier is geothermal electric power plant. depended on the interaction of water solution with minerals of alumosilicate rocks of hydrothermal Productive wells 048, 049, 055 of Verkhne- systems. This interaction occurs with increased Mutnovsky geothermal electric power plant(GeoPP) temperature and pressure. Temperature in the deepest bring heat carrier to the surface as vapour-water parts of the high-temperature systems similar to the mixture (VWM) with mass vapour content of 0.2-0.3. system of Mutnovskoe field can reach 250-350°C. Mouth binding of productive wells is united in one When heat carrier rises to the surface in productive common collector in which three flows of heat carrier wells of geothermal electric power stations part of mix. In separators of first and second line at pressure heat carrier turns into vapour phase because of of 0.8 MPa and temperature 170.4°C vapour-water decrease in pressure. On the surface in separators of mixture is divided into vapour phase which is fed to the geothermal electric power plant (GeoPP) vapour the turbines and liquid phase (separate) with phase is separated and fed to the turbine for consumption of 50-55 kg/s. Separate comes to generation of electric power. Presence of vapour expander where pressure is about 0.4 MPa, and phase of hydrogen sulfide in gas composition leads to temperature – near 143.6°C. From expander separate corrosion of heat equipment of geothermal electric with pressure of 0.4 bar is pumped through two power plant. Higher mineralization of liquid phase of reinjected wells back to the rocks of hydrothermal heat carrier (separate) determines one more technical field. Heat-exchanger was settled on the reinjection Table 2a. Data on concentration of gases in pipe-line of geothermal electric power plant. composition of vapour phase of heat carrier of well 4E from Mutnovskoe Table 1a. Concentrations of anions and cations in field. hydrothermal separate from reinjection Date CO2 H2S H2 CH4 N2 Ar He Volume Mouth line of Verkhne-Mutnovsky geothermal gas pressure electric power plant, Is = 14.218 content bar mmole/kg. n.d.- concentration was not 5.11.98 82.2 10.0 0.62 0.13 6.9 0.16 0.0016 0.015 7.48 determined, (-)- values were not 7.11.98 68.5 15.7 0.77 0.15 14.5 0.31 0.0018 0.009 8.79 calculated. 9.11.98 81.7 9.3 0.85 0.22 7.7 0.22 0.0019 0.019 11.2 Component mg/l mg⋅equiv/l 12.11.98 73.1 14.4 0.80 0.18 11.3 0.22 0.0021 0.014 11.83 mg⋅equiv/l %mg⋅equiv/l 13.11.98 67.0 11.4 1.27 0.29 19.7 0.36 0.0035 0.009 4.27 Na+ 239.4 10.413 88.044 14.11.98 55.9 20.6 1.27 0.34 21.6 0.38 0.0045 0.015 6.31 K+ 42.0 1.074 9.080 average 71.4 13.6 0.93 0.22 13.6 0.27 0.0026 0.013 -- Ca2+ 1.6 0.0798 0.6747 Mg2+ 0.72 0.0592 0.5005 Table 2b. Results of chemical analysis of Fe2, 3+ <0.1 <0.0053 0.0448 condensate and separate samples Al3+ 0.27 0.033 0.2790 from well 4E, mg/kg. + condensate NH4 1.1 0.0609 0.5149 Li+ 0.71 0.102 0.8624 date 5.11.98 7.11.98 9.11.98 12.11.98 pH 4.93 5.1 5.3 4.78 Sum of cations 285.9 11.827 100.0 + Cl- 198.5 5.591 47.664 NH4 3.1 2.7 3.1 3.1 - Na+ 0.02 0.21 0.02 0.03 HCO3 81.0 1.327 11.312 2- K+ 0.07 0.2 0.11 0.07 CO3 19.9 0.663 5.652 2- Li+ < < < < SO4 192.1 3.9995 34.096 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 + HS- 4.95 0.15 Ca <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 0 2+ H2S 5.92 - - Mg <0.24 <0.24 <0.24 <0.24 - F n.d. n.d. - Fe2+ 3+ <0.3 <0.3 <0.3 <0.3 Sum of anions 496.5 11.73 100.0 Al3+ <0.27 <0.27 <0.27 <0.27 H3BO3 106.9 - - Cl- <0.7 <0.7 <0.7 <0.7 (H4SiO4)t 1190 - - 2- SO4 3.3 4.8 3.3 6.7 (H4SiO4)s 222 - - - HCO3 6.1 4.88 7.3 3.7 Mineralization 1638.9 - - 2- CO3 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 Mh, F- 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 pH 9.35 - - H3BO3 <0.7 <0.7 <0.7 <0.7 Table 1b. Chemical composition of sample of H SiO (р) 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 steam condensate selected from 4 4 H SiO (к) 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 vapour preparation plant of Verkhne- 4 4 Mutnovsky geothermal electric power As 0.04 0.06 0.074 0.046 plant. Gs, kg/s 9.1 8.6 7 3.8 pH = 5.24, specific conductivity σ = 0.0705 Gw, kg/s 17.6 17.6 15.2 7.1 mSm/cm. Units Cl- SO 2- HCO - CO 2- NO - NO - F- SumConentrations of basic components of hydrothermal 4 3 3 2 3 separate solution selected from the reinjection mg/l 2.385 6.00 10.07 0.00 < 0.423 0.00 19.00 0.003 pipeline of GeoPP are given in table 1a. For ⋅ mg equiv/l 0.067 0.125 0.165 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.364comparison table 1B contains data on chemical mg⋅equiv % 18.00 34.00 46.00 0.00 0.001 2.00 0.00 100.00composition of steam condensate. Table 2a presents + + + 2+ 2+ 2+ 3+ + + Units Na K Li Ca Mg Fe Fe NH4data Hon gasSum concentration in vapour phase of mg/l 0.731 <1.00 <0.03 0.75 0.10 2.108 <0.05 9.00hydrothermal 0.006 13.0 heat carrier of well 4E obtained in the Mg⋅eq/l 0.032 0.000 0.000 0.037 0.008 0.075 0.000 0.500tests 0.006 with wells0.658 of Mutnovskoye field (Potapov V.V., mg⋅eq % 5.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 1.00 11.00 0.00 76.00Kashpura 1.00 V.N.,100.0 Alekseev V.I., 2001). Data shows, that CO2, H2S, N2 prevail in gas composition of heat carrier. Tables 2b and 2c contains data on chemical CO2, oxid., SiO2, B, As, Fe(OH)3 dry Mh, mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l precipit mg/lcomposition of separate from well 4E. ate mg/l Solution of separate from Mutnovskoye field is of 0.00 0.00 4.90 0.00 0.00 < 39.00 37.00 0.10 chloride-sulphate-sodium-potassium type of hydrothermal solutions. Kurlov’s formula of - 2- - 2- chemical composition of water which reflects (Cl , SO4 , HCO3 , CO3 ), ionic strength Is, pH value percentage of anions and cations in milligram- at different temperature and pressure in heat equivalents is the following: equipment can be found from the condition of Cl47.66⋅SO434.09/Na88.04⋅K9.08.
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