Short report on flood 2018

Continue This article is about the . For 2019 Keralas floods, see . Flooding that occurred in Kerala This article can be expanded with the text translated from the relevant article in Malayalam. (June 2019) Click show important translation instructions. View the machine version of the Malayalam article. Machine translation, such as DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators should review errors as needed and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copying machine text to English Wikipedia. Don't translate text that seems unreliable or substandard. If possible, show the text with references in a foreign language article. You must provide a copyright attribution in the editing summary accompanying your translation by providing a link to the source of your translation. The attribution model to edit summary Content in this editing translates from the existing Article By The Little Wikipedia to :ml:േകരളിെല െവൊം (2018); see your story for appropriation. The േകരളിെല െവൊം േകരളിെല െവൊം Ml (2018) template should also be added to the conversation page. For more advice, visit Wikipedia: Translation. 2018 Kerala FlooddateJuly 2018 (2018-07) - August 2018LocationKerala, IndiaCauseLow pressureHeavy rainDischargesLandslideaths683 dead,140 missing₹400 billion U.S. dollars (estimated) August 16, 2018 severe flooding affected the southern Indian state of Kerala, due to unusually high rainfall during the monsoon season. It was the worst flooding in Kerala in nearly a century. More than 483 people were killed and 140 were missing. About a million people were evacuated, mostly from Chengannur, Pandanada, Edanada, Aranmula, Kozhenerri, Ayirut, Rann, Pandalam, Kuttanada, Malappurama, Aluwa, Chaalakudy, Trisur, Tiruvalla, Eravirura, Wallamkulama, North Paravura, Chellanama, Vipina. All 14 districts in the state were put on high alert. According to the Kerala Government, one sixth of the total population of Kerala was directly affected by floods and related incidents. The Indian government has declared it a Level 3 disaster, or a severe disaster. This is the worst flooding in Kerala since the great flood of 99 that occurred in 1924. Thirty-five of the state's fifty-four dams were opened for the first time in history. At the same time, all five overcrowded gates of the Idukki Dam were opened, and for the first time in 26 years, five gates of the Malampuzh Dam of Palakkada were opened. Heavy rains in Vayanad and Idukki caused strong landslides and left hilly areas isolated. The situation is regularly monitored by the National Crisis Management Committee, which also coordinates rescue and relief operations. The causes of Kerala received heavy monsoon precipitation, which was about 116% more than the usual drop in rain in Kerala, in the middle of the evening of August 8, causing the dams to fill their maximum power; The state experienced 310 mm of rain in the first 48 hours. Almost all dams have been open since the water level rose close to overflow due to heavy rainfall, flooding local lowlands. For the first time in the state's history, 35 of the 54 dams were opened. The flood is considered to be the impact of global warming. Independent scientific studies conducted by hydrology experts from IIT Madras, Purdue University and IIT Gandhinagar have concluded that it was the heavy downpour that led to flooding, not dam management. Based on computer simulations of storage and flood flow models by a team of researchers from IIT Madras and Purdue University, it was found that flood-related destruction could not be associated with the release of water from dams. In addition, the scientists added that the probability of such floods is 0.06% and no reservoir management could consider such scenarios. Hydrology expert at IIT Gandhinagar, Professor Vimal Mishra, identified four main flood factors. Unexpected above-normal downpours, extreme precipitation occurring almost all over Kerala during the season, more than 90% of the reservoir even before the extreme precipitation events, and finally, unprecedented extreme precipitation in the catchments of large reservoirs in the state led to disaster. Expert bodies such as the Central Commission on Water Resources confirmed the findings of scientists from IIT Madras, Purdue University and IIT Gandhinagar. In the adv report. Jacob. Alex, a south African appointed by kerala's High Court, which was later rejected by Kerala's Honourable High Court, was released shortly before the 2019 general election, claiming the devastating flooding of 2018 was the result of poor management of the dam by the state government. All 79 dams in the state were retained for hydroelectric or irrigation purposes, and flood control was not their goal, according to Amicus curiae Jacob P Alex. The main task of the dam operators was to maximize the levels of the reservoir, which was contrary to the goal of flood control, for which dams could be used. The flood cushion reservoirs - a storage facility designed in dams to absorb unforeseen high flows - needed to be revised in accordance with the latest guidelines, Alex wrote in his report. Sudden release of water from various reservoirs, during extreme precipitation has exacerbated the damage, he said, adding that warnings - blue, orange and red - were not issued in accordance with the EAP guidelines. No appropriate follow-up and effective precautions (especially for evacuating people and placing them in a safe place) were taken after the red alert was issued, the statement said. However, on August 20, 2019, the Kerala Supreme Court ruled that the amicus curiae report was not accepted and the court could not be used for political battles and arguments. The Government of Kerala argued in the Supreme Court that the very sudden release of water from the Mullaperyar Dam by the Tamil Nadu government was one of the causes of the devastating flooding in Kerala. The Tamil Nadu government rejected this argument, saying that Kerala had been hit by a deluge caused by the dumping of excess water from 80 reservoirs across Kerala caused by heavy rains in the state; It also claimed that the over-flooding at the Izukka Dam was mainly due to flows from its own independent catchment due to unprecedented heavy rainfall, while discharges from the Mullaperiyar Dam were much smaller. While it is difficult to attribute any single event to climate change, its possible role in causing heavy rainfall of the event over Kerala cannot be ruled out. Impact of kerala before (above) and after (see below) floods released by NASA. The images are of false color, making the flood water dark blue and the vegetation bright green. Play Media Flooded Mullassery Channel, Angamaly More than 483 people died and 140 were missing, while The Economic Times reported that 33,000 people were rescued. The Kerala State Disaster Management Authority declared the state red as a result of severe flooding. A number of water treatment plants have been forced to stop pumping water, leading to poor access to clean water, particularly in the northern parts of the state. More than 3,274 relief camps have been opened in various locations to accommodate flood victims. An estimated 1,247,496 people have taken refuge in such camps. The flooding affected hundreds of villages, destroyed an estimated 10,000 kilometres of roads and damaged or destroyed thousands of homes. The Government cancelled the Onam celebration and the funds allocated were redistributed to relief efforts. On August 12, Cochin International Airport, india's fourth busiest international traffic, and the busiest in the state suspended all operations until August 29, after the runway flooded. All schools throughout the state, except the Kazhakuta School of Sainik, were closed and tourists were dissuaded or banned in some areas because of security concerns. On August 16, kochi metro was briefly closed and a free service was later offered to help those affected Due to heavy rain and rising water levels Southern Railway has suspended rail services at the Tiruvanantapuram-Kottayam- and Ernakulam-Shorunur- sections. A flooded house in Companypady View NH544 near Companypady Metro Station Flooded House august 16, 2018. As seen on August 16, 2018, the Southern Naval Rescue Command initiates Operation Madad in Kerala on August 16, 2018. NDRF, NDMA and civil ministry secretaries held meetings with the Chief Secretary of Kerala. Following the decisions taken during these meetings, the Centre launched massive rescue and relief operations. In one of the largest rescue operations, 40 helicopters, 31 aircraft, 182 rescue teams, 18 defence force medical brigades, 90 NDRF brigades and 3 Central Armed Police Forces, as well as more than 500 boats and necessary rescue equipment were delivered. The rescue operation carried out by Public WhatsApp teams emerged as a control center that coordinated assistance and support in various areas. The vast majority of the population is engaged in different ways of organizing the supply and assistance of materials. The rescue operation of the fisherman, according to the government, a total of 4,537 from the fishing community took part in the rescue operation with 669 fishing boats. They managed to save more than 65,000 people from different areas. Pinaray Vijayan paid tribute to the fishermen, and The Minister of Fisheries J. Merciciutti Amma stated that the Government would provide financial assistance for the repair of fishing boats, which had been partially damaged in the rescue operations, and that new ones would be provided for those boats that had been completely destroyed. It is estimated that seven boats were completely destroyed and 452 were partially destroyed. Animal Rescue Sally Varma of Humane Society International organized the rescue and transportation of the animals to special shelters where the affected animals were kept. Social media has been used to highlight the rescue of several animals - dogs, cats, goats, cows, cattle, ducks and snakes, with animal feed and medicines transported to the affected areas. An employee of Humane Society International spoke out against the bonding and care of the pets that occurred. It's become a problem. So many strapped animals just drowned. These animals are natural swimmers, and it is best to keep them free so they can swim on higher ground. According to the government, more than 8,000 heads of large horned calves and buffaloes, 3,297 goats and 47 dogs. District Collector Malappurama and his Police Chief Police to rescue any animal that they encounter during rescue operations. The Government of Relief and Monetary Assistance, NGOs and NGOs, the Kerala State Government, has begun donations to flood victims. As of January 7, 2020, ₹47.375 million ($660 million) has been collected from the public, including organizations, corporate firms and well-known personalities. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced ₹5 billion ($70 million) in temporary aid for Kerala on August 18, 2018. This is in addition to the ₹5.6245 billion (US$79 million) already available in the SDRF state and ₹1 billion ($14 million) announced on August 12, 2018 by the Minister of the Interior. The central government also stated in its press release that these ₹6 billion ($84 million) were only upfront assistance and that additional funds would be allocated to NDRF when the interagency team visited again and assessed the damage. The central Government deployed 40 helicopters, 31 aircraft, 500 boats, 182 rescue teams and 18 defence force medical teams, 58 NDRF teams and 7 Central Armed Police Forces teams in one of the largest rescue operations. Together they saved more than 60,000 lives. The European Union has announced ₹ $15.3 million ($210,000) in funding from the Indian Red Cross Society to help flood-affected people in Kerala. The Governments of The Republic of Pakistan, the Maldives and Thailand expressed their condolences and offered humanitarian assistance and monetary assistance. Mata Amritanandamayi Mate donated ₹ 100 million pounds ($1.4 million) to the Chief Minister of Kerala Disaster Relief Fund, as well as relief and rescue assistance. The People's Fund, an NGO based in Kalikuk, supported the ideal Kerala aid wing, served with 37,000 volunteers for rescue and hygiene operations. Their volunteers cleared 11,139 homes and held 494 flood relief camps. They also pledged to build 500 homes worth ₹ $300 million ($4.2 million). (quote is needed) The fundraising campaign began through the Federation of Malayal Associations of America (FOMAA) 2018 - 2020 guide, later migrating to Facebook purchased more than 260 donors from around the world and was able to raise enough money to build more than forty homes and dedicate various villages in the areas of Kerala. The fundraising campaign started on Facebook by Knanaya Catholic Yuvajanavedhi of Chicago and Care and Share, along with a man named Arun Simon Nellamatom and others, raised and donated $1.6 million to the Chief Disaster Relief Fund Kerala. The Israeli non-governmental organization IsraAid has sent relief workers to distribute supplies and assess the needs of clean water, sanitation and Many members of Parliament, members of state legislatures and councils, civil servants and civil servants across the country have also donated their monthly salaries and/or benefits to the Disaster Relief Fund of the Chief Minister of Kerala. The Chief Ministers of all states (and Delhi) have pledged to provide cash assistance from their public funds in addition to sending various humanitarian supplies such as drinking water, blankets, packaged food, rice, water treatment machines, everyday products and health care. Monetary contributions are listed below: State/union territory Amount Refs Andhra Pradesh ₹100 million (US$1.4 million) [81] Arunachal Pradesh ₹30 million (US$420,000) [82] Assam ₹30 million (US$420,000) [83] Bihar ₹100 million (US$1.4 million) [84] Chhattisgarh ₹30 million (US$420,000) [85] Delhi ₹100 million (US$1.4 million) [86] Goa ₹50 million (US$700,000) [87] Gujarat ₹100 million (US$1.4 million) [88] Haryana ₹100 million (US$1.4 million) [89] Himachal Pradesh ₹50 million (US$700,000) [90] Jharkhand ₹50 million (US$700,000) [91] Karnataka ₹100 million (US$1.4 million) [92] Madhya Pradesh ₹100 million (US$1.4 million) [93] Maharashtra ₹200 million (US$2.8 million) [94] Manipur ₹20 million (US$280,000) [95] Meghalaya ₹10 million (US$140,000) [96] Mizoram ₹20 million (US$280,000) [97] Nagaland ₹10 million (US$140,000) [98] Odisha ₹100 million (US$1.4 million) [99] Puducherry ₹10 million (US$140,000) [100] Punjab ₹50 million (US$700,000) [101] Rajasthan ₹100 million (US$1.4 million) [102] Tamil Nadu ₹100 million ( 1.4 million U.S. dollars) (103) Telangana ₹250 million U.S. dollars (3.5 million U.S. dollars) 104 Tripura ₹10 million U.S. dollars (140,000 U.S. dollars) (105) Utar Pradesh ₹ 150 million ($2.1 million) (106) Uttarakhand ₹50 million U.S. dollars ($700,000) (107) West Bengal ₹100 million ($1.4 million) ₹2.12 billion ($30 million). USA) Housing Projects for Flood Victims NGO Organization Number of Homes Refs Act 300 (109) People's Fund 500 (110) Muslim Jamaat 1000 Muthoot Group 200 (113) Federation of the Malayal Association of America - FOMAA 250 (114) Co-operative Division 1500 (115) Total 4000 Corporate and Individuals Dr. Azad Muppen, Chairman and managing director of Aster DM Healthcare has donated ₹ $25 million ($350,000) to Kerala's Chief Minister's Aid Fund and another ₹ $125 million ($1.8 million) to rebuild homes in flood-affected areas. Google, Facebook, Amazon, Flipkart, BigBasket, Airtel Payments Bank, Paytm and Google Pay have also provided opportunities for donations to help on their platforms. India's largest oil companies, such as BPCL, HPCL, IOCL and others, donated ₹ 250 ($3.5 million) to the Kerala Disaster Relief Fund, Kerala, in addition to providing relief materials and rescue assistance. The Chairman of the Reliance Foundation, Nita Ambani, announced a donation of ₹ 210 million pounds ($2.9 million) to the Chief Minister's Disaster Relief Fund in Kerala, in addition to relief materials worth about ₹₹ US$ 500 million ($7.0 million). The Adani Foundation, CSR, Sustainable Development and Advocacy Unit of the Adani Group has pledged to provide ₹ $10 million ($140,000) for immediate assistance, and another ₹₹10 million ($140,000) is earmarked for rehabilitation and resettlement. Star India, its parent company 21st Century Fox and its employees have donated ₹50 million pounds ($700,000). Canara Bank, a leading nationalized public sector bank, donated ₹ 50.1 million ($700,000) to the Kerala Chief Minister's Disaster Relief Fund. In addition, 10 tons of rice packages were donated under csr. Bollywood actor Sushant Singh Rajput has donated ₹₹ $10 million to a kerala chief minister's aid fund on behalf of an Instagram fan. He also sent his team to assist in Kerala. Vidya Balan, Siddhort Roy Kapoor, Shah Rukh Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Abhishek Bachchan, Aliya Bhatt, Siddhorth Suryanarayan, Rishi Kapoor, Vidhu Vinod Chopra, Akshay Kumar, Suriya and Rezaul Pututti are others from the film industry who have contributed to the Kerale aid fund. KP Hussain, Chairman of Fathima Healthcare Group, donated ₹ 10 million ($140,000) to Kerala's Chief Minister's fund and another ₹₹ $40 million ($560,000) in medical care. Doctor, entrepreneur and philanthropist Shamshire Vayalil will donate ₹500 million ($7.0 million) to help flood victims, and has set up a project to combat housing, education and health. Indian companies based in the UAE have donated ₹ US$188.5 million ($2.6 million) to the Khalifa bin za'id Al Nahyan aid fund. Among those who donated were Indian businessmen Yusuf Ali M.A., Chairman and Managing Director of LuLu Group International, and Dr. B. R. Shetty, founder and chairman of NMC Health. The High Court of Bombay has ordered Galpha Laboratories to contribute ₹₹15 million ($210,000) ($210,000) to the Kerala Chief Minister's Fund after losing a trademark infringement case filed by Glenmark Pharmaceuticals. The court initially said That Galpha Laboratories would have to pay this amount to Glenmark Pharmaceuticals. However, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals asked the court to send Galfa Laboratories to the that amount to the NGO. The court then ruled that the money should be deposited with the Kerala Chief Minister's Fund. Indian cricket team captain Virat Kohli has dedicated his team's Test win over England to Trent Bridge in Kerala. (144) (144) The team donated match fees to the victims of the Kerala flood. Chipsan Aviation provided 3 helicopters for rescue operations. (quote needed) CHD Group, The Mangalor headquarters of a public health organization led by Dr. Edmond Fernandez, MD works tirelessly in championing the needs of tribal communities, adivasis and other backward areas in optimizing their health care after the disaster. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi received a reply from the governor of Kerala. Satasivama and Keral State Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayana arrive in Kochi to survey flood-affected areas on August 18, 2018. At a press conference on August 11, Chief Secretary Tom Jose said: Everything is under control. The government is at the top of the situation. Prime Minister Narendra Modi took aerial photographs and offered federal support to the Keralates. Pinaraya Chief Minister Vijayan described the floods as something that has never happened in Kerala's history and laid some of the blame on nearby Tamil Nadu for releasing excess water from the state-run Mullaperyar Dam, making matters worse. The U.S. International Embassy urged its citizens to avoid travel to the affected areas. The UAE Embassy in India warns its citizens about flooding. The embassy also reported that India's meteorological agencies had warned of heavy downpours in the southern state of Kerala. UAE President Sheikh Khalifa bin saeed Al Nahyan has commissioned the creation of a national emergency committee to provide emergency assistance to people affected by floods in the Indian state of Kerala. There was a dispute over the UAE government's $100 million offer. The news of the UAE's assistance began to spread with a tweet from CMO Kerala. CM Pinaraya Vijayan said that the United Arab Emirates will provide Kerala with assistance in ₹700 Crore. Kerala has a special relationship with the UAE, which is home away from home to Malayalees. We would like to thank the UAE for their support. #KeralaFloodRelief. Usually the news will be announced by government officials of the country that offers assistance. The Indian Ministry of Foreign Affairs clarified that they had not received such an offer of financial assistance from any country. The UAE's ambassador to India also said no donation had been officially announced to Kerala. Precipitation data falls week after week, waste from the norm: Cumulative precipitation for districts June 1, 2018 - August 22, 2018 Percentage increase in precipitation compared to normal. (June 1, 2018 - August 17, 2018) The precipitation area (mm) Normal (mm) % increase 1648.1 1309.5 20.54% Ernakulam 2305.9 1 6 06.0 43.58% Idukki 3211.1 1749.1 83.58% 2450.9 2234.9 Касарагод 2549,94 2489,1 -2,44% Коллам 1427,3 985,4 44,84% Коттайам 2137,6 1452,6 32,04% Кожикоде 2796 .4 2156.5 22.80% 2529.8 1687.3 49.93% Palakkad 2135.0 1254.2 70.22% Pathanamthitta 1762.7 1287.5 36.90% Thiruvananthapuram 920.8 643.0 43.07% 1894.5 1738.2 8.99% Wayanad 2676.8 2167 .2 23.51% Керала 2226.4 1620.0 37.43% Анализ Центральной комиссии по водным водам Кералы в целом Согласно исследованию Центральной комиссии по водным ресурсом, средний совокупный объем осадков за 3 дня с 15 по 17 августа 2018 года составил около 414 мм. Это было почти того же порядка, что и осадки Девикулам, которые произошли в течение 16-18 июля 1924 года. Assuming a runoff ratio of 0.75, the runoff generated 3 days of intense rainfall is estimated at 12,057 MCM for the entire state of Kerala. This huge runoff was beyond the capacity of most rivers in Kerala, leaving the banks overflowing from most rivers. The total catchment area used by the dams in Kerala, excluding barriers, is about 6,610 sq km (2,552 sq m). The stock generated by the catch of these dams between 15 and 17 August 2018 was estimated at 2.19 BC from a total runoff of 12 BC for the entire state of Kerala. According to the study, with total live storage in the state of 5.8 BC and with live storage of 20% as of August 14, 2018, the degree of available flood moderation would be only 1.16 BC against the estimated inflow of 2.19 BC. The study said that dams in Kerala did not add to the flooding and did not help in reducing flooding, as most dams were already at or very close to FRL on August 14, 2018. Even if the reservoirs were a few feet below the FL, flood conditions would not change much as heavy rainfall continued for 3-4 days. After the first day of heavy rainfall, it would be necessary to release water from the reservoirs. The study concluded that the rules of all reservoirs in Kerala, especially those with a living capacity of more than 200 MCM, should be revised. This would help create a dynamic flood cushion to mitigate flooding. In the Periyara Basin, the rainfall in the Periyara Basin was 588 mm during the 3 days from 15 to 17 August 2018. The main reservoirs in the Periyara basin are the Iducki Reservoir (1.4 BC) and the Idamalayar Reservoir (1.1 BC). The peak of the ejection on August 16, 2018 from the Ikuka reservoir was 1,500 heaps against the inflow of 2,532 kumeks, which reached a moderate flood in 1032 kumeka. Issue from Idamalayar on August 16, 2018 was 963 The discharge in Nileshwaram on August 17, 2018 was 8,600 heaps. The release from Idukki and Idamalayar reservoir was 1500 kumeks (with an influx of 1610 kuchevs) and 1272 kumeks (inflow 1007 heaps). The CHO analysis showed that the water emissions were controlled discharges, as the capacity of the Idukki and Idamalyara dams is 5,013 piles and 3,012 kumeks, respectively. Immediate drought after flooding Days after receiving one of the highest rainfall in a century, Kerala was threatened by severe drought. Water levels in wells, ponds and rivers recorded the lowest levels, and some wells even collapsed. The Chief Minister of Pinarayi Vijayan instructed the State Council for Science, Technology and the Environment to conduct research on the phenomenon after floods across the state and to propose possible solutions to the problem. A.B. Anita, Executive Director of the Center for Water Management (CWRDM), an autonomous research institution under the state government, said the cause of the drop in water levels was a strong second level of soil in high-altitude areas and yl in rivers. In many places, the upper ground in the hills and highlands was removed during flash floods up to two metres deep. She said that when the upper soil was shaved off, it destroyed the hills' ability to sponge in rainwater. Ms. Anita noted that environmental destruction caused by deforestation, harmful land use in mountainous areas and sand mining in streams and rivers had contributed to the beginning and flooding of the soil. This is exacerbated by the impact of climate change at the macro level. Echoing her views, experts at the National Institute of Technology in Kalikute (NIT-C) said water levels in rivers and inland wells usually drop after floods. Usually, the river flows through the sand of its own bearing to the mouth. However, this time the dump was full, taking sand and stones into the youth stage along with the floods. Thus, the water level in the rivers drops. And when the water level in the river decreases, groundwater is also not replenished, as rivers and groundwater are connected, said C. Saseendran, a geologist and professor at NIT-S. The floods in Kerala state have risen to 483 people, said CM Pinarayi Vijayan. New Indian Express. August 30, 2018. Received on September 2, 2018. Rajiv G (September 13, 2018). Flood damage in Kerala is pegged at 4,000,000,000 kronor. The Times of India. Received on September 17, 2018. Kerala Floods 2018 Video. August 28, 2018. Archive from the original september 1, 2018. Chris Bynes (August 15, 2018). The worst flooding in nearly a century has killed 44 people in the Indian state of Kerala amid heavy monsoon rains. A new report suggests this will continue every year for the remaining 100 years. Teh Archive from the original on August 15, 2018. Received on August 12, 2011. 483 dead in floods and landslides in Kerala, a loss more than the annual cost plan: Pinarayi Vijayan. August 30, 2018. Received on September 2, 2018. b c National Disaster Management Agency on Twitter. Received on August 22, 2018. Babu, Girish (August 17, 2018). The monsoon chaos in Kerala: 324 people have been killed since May 29, Sm Vijayan said. Business Standard India. Archive from the original on August 17, 2018. Received on August 18, 2018. Flooding hit Chenanur. Archive from the original on August 23, 2018. Attempts to save people in Pandanada continue. Archive from the original on August 21, 2018. a b Kerala flood live updates: Death toll rises to 79; Kochi Airport will be closed until August 26. The Times of India. Archive from the original on August 16, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. The death toll soars in India's monsoon floods. BBC News. August 16, 2018. Archive from the original on August 16, 2018. Received on August 17, 2018. a b c Sudden release of water by Tamil Nadu from Mullaperyar cause of the flood: Kerala in the UK. The Times of India. Archive from the original on August 23, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. Raghavan, T. c a Sharad (August 20, 2018). The scourge of a severe nature. Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Received on August 24, 2018. Center declares Kerala flooding a 'Level 3' disaster; demand to call it a national catastrophe, either ignorance or evil - Firstpost. www.firstpost.com archive from the original dated August 25, 2018. Received on August 24, 2018. a b Kerala floods live updates: 35 dams are open, the death toll rises to 67. A minute of news. Received on May 16, 2020. b Water resources. ECONOMIC REVIEW 2017. Council for State Planning, Kerala. Archive from the original on August 29, 2018. Received on August 28, 2018. All 5 idukki dam gates have opened for the first time in history as Kerala battles endless rains. India today. Archive from the original on August 10, 2018. Received on August 10, 2018. Landslides hit several locations in Malabar; Munnar, Vayan agen isolated. Matrubhumi. Archive from the original on August 15, 2018. Received on August 15, 2018. a b c Kerala floods: The center to give more funds to the state, says Rs 600 crore was only preliminary assistance. Indian Express. August 23, 2018. Archive from the original on August 24, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. Fox, Chris (August 10, 2018). Active n brings more flooding. BBC News. Archive from the original on August 13, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. Gupta, Swati (August 16, 2018). Floods in Kerala: Red warning issued as death toll rises in African state Cnn. Archive from the original August 16, 2018 Received on August 16, 2018. Lal, Preet; Prakash, Aniket; Kumar, Amit; Srivastava, Prashant K.; Saikia, Purabi; Pandey, A.C.; Srivastava, Parul; Khan, M.L. (February 21, 2020). Assessment of Extreme 2018 dangerous phenomena in Kerala, India. Letters of remote sensing. 11 (5): 436–445. doi:10.1080/2150704X.2020.1730468. The issue Flooding caused by excessive rainfall: IIT-Madras. The Times of India. November 26, 2018. The archive of the original on the archive-url requires an archive-date (reference). Received on August 8, 2020. a b Koshy, Jacob (November 22, 2018). The release of water from the dams did not lead to flooding in Kerala, a study by IIT-M-Perdue University found. Hindu. The archive of the original on the archive-url requires an archive-date (reference). Received on August 8, 2020. b Prasad, R (November 22, 2018). Kerala flood: IIT professor identifies four main factors. Hindu. The archive of the original on the archive-url requires an archive-date (reference). Received on August 8, 2020. Kerala: Floods not caused by the release of additional water from dams, according to the central commission's report. Scroll.in September 10, 2018. The archive of the original on the archive-url requires an archive-date (reference). Received on August 8, 2020. Unprecedented rains, not dams, caused flooding in Kerala: Central Water Commission. New Indian Express. September 6, 2018. The archive of the original on the archive-url requires an archive-date (reference). Received on August 8, 2020. Severe storm cases caused flooding in Kerala: CWC. Hindu. September 10, 2018. The archive of the original on the archive-url requires an archive-date (reference). Received on August 8, 2020. a b Kerala floods 2018: Amicus report has not yet been accepted, says HC. The Times of India. August 20, 2019. - Kerala Gout has failed in using dams to deal with flooding, amicus curiae says HC News Kochi - Times India - Poor dam management blamed for flooding in Kerala - Poor dam management blamed for flooding in Kerala - Hindu lapses in the management of the dam worsened flooding in Kerala: Amicus Curiae Report AFP.com archive from the original dated August 26, 2018. Received on August 26, 2018. Rajivan, M.; Terra, Pascal; Murtugudde, Ragu; Milind Mujumdar; Atula, R.; Pathak, Ami; Ghosh, Subimal; Roxy, M.K. (October 3, 2017). A three-fold increase in widespread extreme rains over central India. Natural communications. 8 (1): 708. Bibkod:2017NatCo... 8..708R. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00744-9. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 5626780. PMID 28974680. 483 dead in floods and landslides in Kerala, a loss more than the annual cost plan: Pinarayi Vijayan. August 30, 2018. Received on September 2, 2018. Kerala Flood LIVE: Death toll rises to 114 as rescue efforts underway Economic times. August 16, 2018. from the original on August 16, 2018. Received on August 17, 2018. a b India: The death toll from the devastating floods in Kerala has risen to 77. Al Jazeera. August 15, 2018. Archive from the original on August 15, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. Jisha Surya August 2018). Flooding in Kerala: Drinking water supply hit major locations. The Times of India. Archive from the original on August 17, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. Pradha, Bibhudatta. More than 8 lakhs in nearly 4,000 relief camps across the flood hit Kerala. NDTV. Archive from the original on August 20, 2018. Received on August 20, 2018. Flooding in Kerala has killed dozens since 36,000 were evacuated. Keeper. August 12, 2018. Archive from the original on August 15, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. Kerala flood: Govt postpones Onam celebrations. The Times of India. August 14, 2018. Archive from the original on August 15, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. a b Padanna, Ashraf (August 16, 2018). India monsoon floods kill 73 in Kerala. BBC News. Archive from the original on August 17, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. Kerala flood LIVE update: The death toll is touching 75, Cochin Airport will remain closed until August 26 this afternoon. Indian Express. August 16, 2018. Archive from the original on August 16, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. Kerala flood live updates: Death toll rises to 79; Kochi Airport will be closed until August 26 - The Times of India. The Times of India. Archive from the original on August 16, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. NDRF has saved 535 lives and evacuated more than 24,600 people planted in flood-hit Kerala. National Disaster Response Force. Ministry of the Interior, Government of India. Archive from the original on August 30, 2018. Received on August 30, 2018. SNC terminates 'OP Madad'. Press Information Bureau. Department of Defense. Archive from the original on August 8, 2018. Received on August 30, 2018. HADR IAF Operations in Kerala. Press Information Bureau. Department of Defense. Archive from the original on August 8, 2018. Received on August 30, 2018. An operation to help with the floods of the Indian army in Kerala. Press Information Bureau. Department of Defense. Archive from the original on August 30, 2018. Received on August 30, 2018. - Floods in Kerala 2018: Kerala Fishermen - Superman without capes. Fishermen from all over Kerala were involved in rescue operations to save from the floods. Last Updated Aug 21, 2018 7:22 PM 19:22 IST Mirror Now Digital Kerala Flood: Fishermen install a new model in a rescue mission. The Times of India. Received on August 17, 2018. Fishermen who rescued flood-hit people in Kerala have a name - Coastal Warriors. The Times of India. Received on August 19, 2018. A big salute to Kerala to the fishermen who rescued the people affected by the floods. The Times of India. Archive from the original on August 31, 2018. Received on August 29, 2018. The fishermen's rescue efforts were praised. Hindu. August 29, 2018. Archive from the original on August 30, 2018. Received 29 2018. a b India's largest rescue operation for pets during floods in Kerala. BBC News. August 23, 2018. Archive from the original on August 24, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. Kerala floods: Animal rescue flooded with calls. India today. Archive from the original on August 21, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. Disaster relief fund for the Chief Minister. Archive from the original on February 23, 2016. Received on August 19, 2018. Total amount received by data for 07-01-2020 (2018-08-23). The Government of Kerala is the Chief Minister in the plight of the aid fund. Received on August 24, 2018. PMO India's official tweet. August 18, 2018. Received on August 22, 2018. Central assistance to flood victims in Kerala. Press Information Bureau. Archive from the original september 1, 2018. Received on September 1, 2018. Moha, India - Central help for flood victims in Kerala. Press Information Bureau. Archive from the original on August 24, 2018. Received on August 24, 2018. Will release more funds in Kerala after a new damage assessment: Center. The Times of India. Received august 23, 2018. The EU is giving 190,000 euros to the Indian Red Cross to ease flooding in Kerala. Chowdhury, Dipanjan Roy (August 25, 2018). European Union to help in Kerala flood relief through the Red Cross. Economic times. The EU announces Euro 1.9 lakh of the Indian Red Cross Society to ease flooding in Kerala. Indian Express. August 23, 2018. Archive from the original on August 25, 2018. Received on August 24, 2018. The Prime Minister of qatar tweets his support. Received on August 24, 2018. Pakistan's Prime Minister tweets of support. Received on August 24, 2018. The Maldives contribute to kerala flood relief. Hindu. August 20, 2018. Received on August 24, 2018. Mata Amritanandamayi Mathematics donates Rs 10 crore to the CM Aid Fund. New Indian Express. August 30, 2018. Archive from the original on August 31, 2018. Received august 31, 2018. The People's Fund, which employs 37,000 volunteers, is building 500 homes, which cost 30Cr. ^ ഈ വീകൾ ഇനിെയാ ളയിൽ തകരി... | THE FOMAA Village Project. Kerala Flood Relief Fund from the U.S. through Facebook campaign. Transfer the check to CM. IsraAID is sending a team to help flood victims in southern India. Archive from the original on August 26, 2018. Received on September 2, 2018. IsraAid comes to the rescue after the horrific floods strike in Kerala, India. Archive from the original on August 27, 2018. Received on September 2, 2018. DMK MLAs and MPs will donate their salaries to Kerala Flood Relief. Archive from the original on August 22, 2018. The vice president donates a one- month salary to Kerala flood relief. AAP MLAs and MPs donate their one-month salary to the Kerala Flood Relief Fund. August 18, 2018. Archive from the original on August 23, 2018. Chandrababu Naidu, CM-AP on Pema Handu, CM-AR on Twitter. CMO Assam on Twitter. Nitish Kumar, CM-BR on Twitter. Raman Singh, CM-CG on Twitter. Arvind Arvind CM-DL on Twitter. CMO Goa on Twitter. CMO Gujarat on Twitter. M.L. Khattar, CM-HR on Twitter. CMO Himachal Pradesh on Twitter. Ragubar Das, CM-JH on Twitter. Karnataka gives Rs 10 crore help to send doctors in the rain-ravaged Kerala. New Indian Express. August 11, 2018. Archive from the original on August 30, 2018. Received on August 30, 2018. CMO Madhya Pradesh on Twitter. CMO Maharashtra on Twitter. N. Biren Singh, CM-MN on Twitter. Meghalaya set to donate Rs 1 crore to Kerala Flood Relief. shillongnews.in August 22, 2018. Archive from the original on September 2, 2018. Received on August 30, 2018. CMO Mizoram on Twitter retweeted INCMizoram's verified Twitter account. Ram Madhav, a spokesman for the BJP on Twitter, retweeted CM Neiphiu Rio's Verified Twitter account. CMO Odisha on Twitter. CMO Puducherry on Twitter. Captain Amarinder Singh, CM-PB on Twitter. CMO Rajasthan on Twitter. E. Palaniswami, CM-TN on Twitter. CMO Telangana on Twitter. Biplab Kr. Deb, CM-TR on Twitter. CMO Uttar Pradesh on Twitter. T. S. Rawat, CM-UK on Twitter. Mamata Banerjee, CM-WB on Twitter. ^ ളയബാധിത േദശെളറി് റിോര് ് താറാം; ജിാ കളര് . Department of Information and Public Affairs, Governor of Kerala (Malayalam). Received on September 22, 2018. Distribution of the flood relief relief project. People's Fund. Received on September 22, 2018. Jamaat plans to build 1,000 homes for flood victims. Hindu. September 8, 2018. Received on September 22, 2018. Joyalukkas group build 250 homes for flood victims in Kerala. The Times of India. Received on September 22, 2018. ^ ളയില് വീട് നെ 200 ംബള് ് ് ിെ വീട്. News Time Network (in Malayalam). Archive from the original september 19, 2018. Received on September 22, 2018. The FOMAA village project. Manorama Online. Received on September 2, 2019. ^ ളയിൽ വീട് നെ 1500 ംബൾ് സഹകരണ വ് വീവ് നൽെമ് ഖമി. Malayalam Web Dunia (in Malayalam). Received on September 22, 2018. The Astaire Disaster Support Group has been mobilized to assist flood victims in Kerala Medgate today. Astaire DM Health promises INR 15 crores Aster Homes Fund for Kerala Recovery. Astaire DM promises Dh7.7M fund to rebuild Kerala. gulfnews.com. Dr. Azad Mupen. www.facebook.com. - Aster DM Healthcare : to restore homes in MarketScreener. www.marketscreener.com. - How to donate to flooding in Kerala - CMDRF donate for flooding in Kerala. Jobs in Gujarat. August 19, 2018. Archive from the original on August 19, 2018. Received on August 19, 2018. HPCL status on Twitter. Received august 23, 2018. MOKL's Twitter status. Received august 23, 2018. BPCL status on Twitter. Received august 23, 2018. The Reliance Foundation, Bajaj donate for flooding in Kerala. freepressjournal.in archive from the original dated August 22, 2018. Received on August 22, 2018. Adani Group's announcement on Twitter. Twitter. Received on August 24, 2018. The Adani Foundation is committing in THE INR 50 crore to Kerala Chief Minister in the plight of the aid fund. Adani's website. Archive from the original on August 25, 2018. Received on August 24, 2018. The Star of India increases the donation on Rs 5 cr. Business standard. Archive from the original on August 21, 2018. Received on August 22, 2018. The Star of India raises its contribution to Rs 5 crores donation for Kerala Flood Relief Efforts. Star India website. Archive from the original on August 25, 2018. Received on August 24, 2018. Star of India's announcement on Twitter. Twitter. Canara Bank, donates ₹5.01 Cr to Kerala Chief Minister for Disaster Relief Fund. 24x7newsworld.com. received on August 23, 2018. Kerala Floods: Sushant Singh Rajput donates Rs 1 Crore on behalf of a fan. Details here. NDTV.com archive from the original dated August 23, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. Sushant Singh Rajput donates Rs 1 crore as an aid to Kerala on behalf of a fan. Read more. Hindustan Times. August 22, 2018. Archive from the original on August 23, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. Sushant Singh Rajput does his bit for Kerala, promotes Rs 1 cr after an Instagram fan request. Economic times. August 21, 2018. Archive from the original on August 23, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. Kerala flood: On behalf of a fan, MS Dhoni actor Sushant Singh Rajput donates Rs 1 crore to flood victims. Archive from the original on August 23, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. ^ के रल बाढ़ पीिड़त के लए इस एटर ने िदए 1 करोड़, इस वजह से लया फै सला. livehindustan.com (in Hindi). Archive from the original on August 23, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. Hungama, Bollywood (August 23, 2018). After donating ₹1 krora to Kerala Flood Relief, Sushant Singh Rajput sends a team of volunteers to the ground zero! Bollywood Hungama. Bollywood Hungama. Archive from the original on August 23, 2018. Received august 23, 2018. CMO Kerala thanks Bollywood on Twitter. Actor Siddhardh gives Kerala CMDRF. Indian-born magnates based in UAE promise ₹ 125 million pounds ($1.8 million) to victims Kerala. timesofindia. Received on August 20, 2018. UAE Offers RS 700 Crore's NRI Billionaire to donate Rs 50 Crore. The headlines are today. Archive from the original on August 21, 2018. Received on August 21, 2018. UAE-based Indian businessmen donate $2.7 million to flood victims in Kerala. arabianbusiness.com archive from the original dated August 19, 2018. Received on August 22, 2018. Bombay HC orders errant firms to ₹1.5c to Kerala flood relief. Hindu. Received august 31, 2018. Virat Kohli celebrates a Test victory over England in Kerala. Archive from the original on August 23, 2018. An Indian cricket team plans to give a match fee to the Kerala Flood Relief Fund. Severe flooding puts Kerala in crisis. Hindu. August 11, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. Flood toll in India tourist hotspots Kerala jumps to 67. NewsAsia Channel. August 16, 2018. Archive from the original on August 15, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. Report, Web. Floods in Kerala: UAE Embassy in India issues warning www.khaleejtimes.com archive from the original on August 16, 2018. Received on August 16, 2018. UAE leaders are ordered to form an emergency committee to assist Kerala. August 18, 2018. Archive from the original on August 21, 2018. Received on August 20, 2018. b Customized Precipitation Information System (CRIS). hydro.imd.gov.in. received on August 17, 2018. Customized Precipitation Information System (CRIS) (PDF). Department of Hydrometeorology, Indian Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences. a b c d e Kerala Flood Report 2018 (PDF). reliefweb.int the Central Hydrological Research Organization of the Central Commission for Water Resources. 33-34. Received on July 21, 2020. Kerala Flood Research Report 2018 (PDF). reliefweb.int the Central Hydrological Research Organization of the Central Commission for Water Resources. page 35. Received on July 21, 2020. Devasia, TC (September 12, 2018). Kerala, after the deluge: Rivers dry up, mercury rises and earthworms die as the state prepares for drought after the deluge. First post. Received on April 21, 2020. Kuryane, Vinson; Kumar, V. Sajiev (October 8, 2018). Where did all the water go? Business line. Received on April 21, 2020. Rivers and wells are drying up in flood-hit Kerala, government research orders. September 15, 2018. Received on September 17, 2018. After massive floods, Kerala is now facing the possibility of a partial drought. September 15, 2018. Received on September 17, 2018. Govind, Biju; Bashir, K. p m (September 8, 2018). After devastating floods, the water level in the Kerala rivers is falling. Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Received on September 5, 2020. After devastating floods, the water level in the Kerala rivers is falling. September 15, 2018. September 17, 2018. External Commons links have media related to the floods in Kerala in 2018. The official rescue and information site 2018 Kerala floods on Facebook Kerala CMDRF Donation Portal 2018 Kerala flood on Twitter extracted from the

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