Mount Ascutney and the West Windsor Town Forest: Linked Conservation and Recreation Planning at Mount Ascutney

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Mount Ascutney and the West Windsor Town Forest: Linked Conservation and Recreation Planning at Mount Ascutney Mount Ascutney and the West Windsor Town Forest: Linked Conservation and Recreation Planning at Mount Ascutney Photo courtesy of Northeast Explorer Environmental Studies 50 Dartmouth College June 2017 ENVS 50 Advisors Nicholas Reo Karen Bieluch Contributors Tegwyth Alderson-Taber Ricky Berman Jessica Caron Robyn Chemago Meghan Christie Connor Clark Nevin Cunningham Margaret Currie Star Gulant Francesca Gundrum Eli Harrison Molly Kornfeind Michael Machlin Charles Mack Ryan O’Hanlon Luka Pejanovic Foreste Peterson Adam Philie Kepa Police Zachary Shank Ryder Stone Eleni Tebano Camille Wang Mark Widerschein Executive Summary Over the course of the spring academic quarter, April to June 2017, the students enrolled in Environmental Studies 50 at Dartmouth College worked alongside active members of the Brownsville &West Windsor communities to further develop a conservation and recreation plan for Mount Ascutney, building off work done by the previous year’s ENVS 50 class. In 2015, the town of West Windsor obtained 468 acres of land that was previously the Ascutney Mountain Resort. Ascutney Outdoors (AO), a local non-profit, has taken a pivotal role in leading the expansion of the property and acquiring funding to increase the recreational potential of the land. The students of the Environmental Problem Analysis and Policy Formulation, or ENVS 50 class at Dartmouth College have had the unique opportunity to work with AO board members, members of the Upper Valley Land Trust (UVLT) and Sports Trails of Ascutney Basin (STAB), administrators and activists within local communities, and experts within the Dartmouth community to identify and implement strategies to increase the depth of activities and range of users on Mount Ascutney. The 24 students in the class divided themselves into six groups based on the needs of the mountain and the interests of the individual students: Mountain Bike Revenue, Camps and Events, Interpretive Trails, User Research and Monitoring Study, Grantmaking, and Music on the Mountain. This document is an expansive report of the research and implementation efforts of each group over the spring of 2017. Acknowledgements Michael Bell Tabitha Bowling Steve Crihfield Dartmouth Bikes Dartmouth Mountain Biking Club Rynard Gundrum Jr. Erin Kershaw Patrick Kiloran Steve Lawson Jim Lyall John Roe Deb Shearer Tom Steussy Laura Stillson Jennifer Waite Kim Wind Table of Contents Executive Summary........................................................................................................... i Introduction........................................................................................................................1 Chapter One: Mountain Biking Revenue .....................................................................11 1.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................13 1.2 Background Literature ................................................................................................14 1.3 Recommendations for Implementation .......................................................................17 1.4 Digital Marketing.........................................................................................................30 1.5 Local and Regional Information Distribution Plan .....................................................32 1.6 Methods .......................................................................................................................33 1.7 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................35 Chapter Two: Camps & Events ....................................................................................37 2.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................39 2.2 Website Recommendations .........................................................................................40 2.3 Camps Database and Pilot Camp Program .................................................................45 Chapter Three: Interpretive Trails ...............................................................................55 3.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................57 3.2 Literature Review: Theory of Place ............................................................................60 3.3 Methods .......................................................................................................................62 3.4 Introduction to the Interpretive Trail at Mount Ascutney ...........................................71 3.5 Results: Recommended Trail Design Elements ..........................................................77 3.6 Interpretive Trail Map with Waypoints ................................................................... 109 3.7 A Note about Accessible Trail Design ...................................................................110 3.8 Conclusion ................................................................................................................112 Chapter Four: User Research and Monitoring ..........................................................115 4.1 Introduction................................................................................................................117 4.2 Literature Review of Relevant Studies......................................................................118 4.3 Methodology..............................................................................................................121 4.4 Ecological Impact .....................................................................................................131 4.5 Long Term Monitoring .............................................................................................138 4.6 Financial Costs ..........................................................................................................143 4.7 Results and Conclusions ..........................................................................................150 Chapter Five: Grant Research and Composition ......................................................155 5.1 Introduction................................................................................................................157 5.2 Education and Community Grants ............................................................................158 5.3 Mountain Infrastructure/Recreation ..........................................................................160 5.4 Trail Monitoring Technology for Conservation .......................................................166 5.5 Methods .....................................................................................................................172 5.6 Overall Project Methods ...........................................................................................175 5.7 Key Considerations and Next Steps ..........................................................................177 Chapter Six: Music on the Mountain ..........................................................................181 6.1 Introduction................................................................................................................183 6.2 Stage Design .............................................................................................................185 6.3 Concert Production ...................................................................................................192 6.4 Additional Usage for the Designed Space ................................................................195 6.5 Artist Selection ..........................................................................................................197 6.6 Outdoor Amphitheater ............................................................................................. 199 6.7 Recommendations………………...….......................................................................203 6.8 Conclusion ................................................................................................................204 Summary of Recommendations ....................................................................................205 Appendix A: Camp Website Recommendations .........................................................213 Appendix B: Local Camps Database ...........................................................................217 Appendix C: Pilot Camp Deliverable ...........................................................................221 Appendix D: Grants .......................................................................................................230 Appendix E: Annotated Bibliography .........................................................................253 Works Cited ....................................................................................................................259 Introduction Report Outline The students of the Environmental Studies 50 class at Dartmouth College worked in close collaboration with Ascutney Outdoors (AO) board members, staff at the Upper Valley Land Trust (UVLT), administrators and board members from the Town of West Windsor, and other local community members to further develop the revitalization or creation of several exciting facets of Mount Ascutney. In the introduction of this seminar report, each sub-group topic, of which there are six, provide a brief description of the
Recommended publications
  • Cavendish Town Plan Select Board Hearing Draft January 2018
    Cavendish Town Plan Select Board Hearing Draft January 2018 Town of Cavendish P.O. Box 126 Cavendish, Vermont 05142 (802) 226-7292 Document History • Planning Commission hearing and approval of re-adoption of Town Plan with inclusion of Visual Access Map - February 22, 2012 • Select board review of Planning Commission proposed re-adopted town plan with visual access map - April 9, 2012 • Select board review of town plan draft and approval of SB proposed minor modifications to plan – May 14, 2012 • Planning Commission hearing for re-adoption of Town Plan with Select board proposed minor modifications – June 6, 2012 • Planning Commission Approval of Re-adoption of Town Plan with minor modifications – June 6, 2012 • 1st Select board hearing for re-adoption of town plan with minor modifications – June 11, 2012 • 2nd Select board Hearing for re-adoption of Town Plan with minor modifications – August 20, 2012 • Cavendish Town Plan Re-adopted by Australian ballot at Special Town Meeting – August 28, 2012 • Confirmation of Planning Process and Act 200 Approval by the Southern Windsor County Regional Planning Commission – November 27, 2012 • Planning Commission is prepared updates in 2016-2017 This report was developed in 2016 and 2017 for the Town of Cavendish with assistance from the Southern Windsor County Regional Planning Commission, Ascutney, VT. Financial support for undertaking this revision was provided, in part, by a Municipal Planning Grant from the Vermont Agency of Commerce and Community Development. ii Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Planning Process Summary................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Community and Demographic Trends ............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Okemo State Forest - Healdville Trail Forest - Healdville Okemo State B
    OKEMO STATE FOREST - HEALDVILLE TRAIL North 3000 OKEMO MOUNTAIN RESORT SKI LEASEHOLD AREA OKEMO MOUNTAIN ROAD (paved) 2500 2000 Coleman Brook HEALDVILLE TRAIL 1500 to Ludlow - 5 miles STATION RD railroad tracks HEALDVILLE RD HEALDVILLE VERMONT UTTERMILK F 103 B AL LS RD to Rutland - 16 miles Buttermilk Falls 0 500 1000 2000 3000 feet 1500 LEGEND Foot trail Vista Town highway State highway Lookout tower FORESTS, PARKS & RECREATION State forest highway (not maintained Parking area (not maintained in winter) VERMONT in winter) Gate, barricade Stream AGENCY OF NATURAL RESOURCES Ski chairlift Ski area leasehold boundary 02/2013-ephelps Healdville Trail - Okemo State Forest the property in 1935. Construction projects by the CCC The Healdville Trail climbs from the base to the include the fire tower, a ranger’s cabin and an automobile summit of Okemo Mountain in Ludlow and Mount Holly. access road. The majority of Okemo Mountain Resort’s Highlights of this trail include the former fire lookout ski terrain is located within a leased portion of Okemo tower on the summit and a vista along the trail with State Forest. Okemo State Forest is managed for Okemo views to the north and west. Crews from the Vermont multiple uses under a long-term management plan; these Youth Conservation Corps constructed the trail under the uses include forest products, recreation and wildlife direction of the Vermont Department of Forests, Parks habitat. Okemo State Forest provides an important State Forest and Recreation during the summers of 1991-1993. wildlife corridor between Green Mountain National Forest lands to the south and Coolidge State Forest to the Trail Facts north.
    [Show full text]
  • H.880: an Act Relating to Abenaki Place Names on State Park Signs
    H.880: An act relating to Abenaki place names on State park signs Representative Brian Cina September 8, 2020 H.880: An act relating to Abenaki place names on State park signs By adding Abenaki place names alongside colonial place names on State park signs, the State of Vermont intends to: - Recognize that the State of Vermont exists on territory originally and currently inhabited by Abenaki people. - Increase visibility and awareness of the Abenaki people and culture. - Preserve and promote the Abenaki language. - Honor the history, significance, and spirit of places. Examples of Abenaki place names: Abenaki Colonial meaning of Abenaki name Odzhihozo Rock Dunder “he who created himself” Bitawbakw Lake Champlain "in between water" Winoski Winooski "onion land" Mazipskoik Missisquoi "place of flint" Wnekikwisibo Otter Creek "otter river/creek" Kwenitekw Connecticut River "long flow (river)" Kchi Pontekw Bellows Falls "great falls" Tawipodiwajo, also Moziozagan Camel's Hump "place to sit in mountain" Mozdebiwajo Mount Mansfield "moosehead mountain" Gwenaden Jay Peak "long mountain" Kaskaden Mount Ascutney "wide mountain" Mategwasaden Mount Philo "rabbit mountain" Holschuh, Rich (2019, October 17). Mountain Names: Remembering Their Aboriginal Origins. Retrieved February 25, 2020 from: https://www.greenmountainclub.org/mountain-names-remembering-their-aboriginal-origins/ Possible Witnesses for H.880 Vermont Commission on Native American Affairs Elnu Abenaki Tribe Nulhegan Band of the Coosuk Abenaki Nation Koasek Abenaki of the Koas Missisquoi, St. Francis-Sokoki Band Vermont Historical Society Commissioner of Forest, Parks, and Recreation Questions? nadodmowôganal?.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Bedrock Geologic Map of the Chittenden Quadrangle Rutland County, Vermont
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Preliminary Bedrock Geologic Map of the Chittenden Quadrangle Rutland County, Vermont By Nicholas M. Ratcliffe U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 97-703 1997 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards nor with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. INTRODUCTION The bedrock of the Chittenden quadrangle consists of Middle Proterozoic through Cambrian metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks that lie along the western flank of the Green Mountain massif in south-central Vermont. The Green Mountain massif is cored by highly deformed and extensively retrograded schists and schistose gneisses derived from once high-grade gneisses that were intruded and originally metamorphosed during the Grenville orogeny prior to about 950 Ma. Upper Proterozoic through Cambrian metaclastic rocks, referred to as the western cover sequence, form a cover sequence that was deposited unconformably on the older schists and gneisses. The upper part of the cover sequence consists of marine-shelf carbonate rocks of the Vermont Valley sequence that developed on the stable Atlantic-type continental margin prior to the deformation in the Taconian orogeny during the Middle to Upper Ordovician. In the Taconian orogeny, rocks of this area were thrust faulted and metamorphosed to biotite grade. The basement rocks were altered by low-grade remetamorphism and hydration to such an extent that the Grenvillian mineral assemblages, schistosity, and gneissosity are presently barely recognizable.
    [Show full text]
  • Adopted August 28, 2012
    CAVENDISH TOWN PLAN Adopted August 28, 2012 Document History • Planning Commission hearing and approval of re-adoption of Town Plan with inclusion of Visual Access Map - February 22, 2012 • Selectboard review of Planning Commission proposed re-adopted town plan with visual access map - April 9, 2012 • Selectboard review of town plan draft and approval of SB proposed minor modifications to plan – May 14, 2012 • Planning Commission hearing for re-adoption of Town Plan with Selectboard proposed minor modifications – June 6, 2012 • Planning Commission Approval of Re-adoption of Town Plan with minor modifications – June 6, 2012 • 1st Selectboard hearing for re-adoption of town plan with minor modifications – June 11, 2012 • 2nd Selectboard Hearing for re-adoption of Town Plan with minor modifications – August 20, 2012 • Cavendish Town Plan Re-adopted by Australian Ballot at Special Town Meeting – August 28, 2012 • Confirmation of Planning Process and Act 200 Approval by the Southern Windsor County Regional Planning Commission – November 27, 2012 Town of Cavendish P.O. Box 126, 37 High Street Cavendish, VT 05142-0126 (802) 226-7291 Fax (802) 226-7290 Table of Contents Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 History of the Town of Cavendish......................................................................... 1 Population and Demographics ............................................................................. 3 Overall Goals and Objectives ..............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Summer 2021 Long Trail News
    NEWS Quarterly of the Green Mountain Club SUMMER 2021 555 New End-to-Enders The Most Ever Recorded [FROM AGE 7 TO 80] CONTENTS Summer 2021, Volume 81, No. 2 The mission of the Green Mountain Club is to make the Vermont mountains play a larger part in the life of the people by protecting and maintaining the Long Trail System and fostering, through education, the stewardship of Vermont’s hiking trails and mountains. Quarterly of the Green Mountain Club Michael DeBonis, Executive Director Chloe Miller, Communications Manager & Long Trail News Editor Richard Andrews, Volunteer Copy Editor Sylvie Vidrine, Graphic Designer Green Mountain Club 4711 Waterbury-Stowe Road Waterbury Center, Vermont 05677 Phone: (802) 244-7037 Fax: (802) 244-5867 E-mail: [email protected] Website: greenmountainclub.org The Long Trail News is published by The Green Mountain Club, Inc., a nonprofit organization founded in 1910. In a 1971 Joint Resolution, the Vermont Legislature Julia LanzDuret-Hernandez on Mount Mansfield. designated the Green Mountain Club the “founder, sponsor, defender and protector of the Long Trail System...” FEATURES Contributions of manuscripts, photos, illustrations, and news are welcome from ❯ The Mountains That Made Me members and nonmembers. 5 by Julia LanzDuret-Hernandez The opinions expressed byLTN contributors are not necessarily those of GMC. 6 ❯ Congratulations to the 2020 End-to-Enders The Long Trail News (USPS 318-840) is published quarterly by The Green Mountain and Side-to-Siders Club, Inc., 4711 Waterbury-Stowe Road, ❯ Waterbury Center, VT 05677. Periodicals 8 A Day in the Life: Long Trail Thru-Hiker postage paid at Waterbury Center, VT, and additional offices.
    [Show full text]
  • Ski & Snowboarding December 4,1997
    Ski & Snowboarding December 4,1997 AMERICA HAS mmm^ STOWE WINTER PARK CRESTED BUTTE SUGARBUSH WHITEFACE MOUNTAIN LOON MOUNTAIN BOLTON VALLEY PARK CITY JAY PEAK VAIL ip^f/^J) —r;;1'" .- SKI WINDHAM BRETON WOODS OKEMO BLUE KNOB CANAAN VALLEY BELLEAYRE LABRADOR MOUNTAIN SEVEN SPRINGS ASCUTNEY MOUNTAIN BLUE MOUNTAIN 8TRATTON MOUNTAIN JACK FROST MOUNTAIN BIG BOULDER KILLINGTON V" tT • ' f • fc •* "fc L fr. -ft 'fc f k J" December 4,1987 Ski & Snowboardlng WONDERFUL SKI & BOARDING FUN! :'•§. GORE MOUNTAIN ALPINE MOUNTAIN POCONOS HIDDEN VALLEY SUGARLOAFUSA GREEK PEAK JIMINY PEAK WOODSTOCK INN SMUGGLERS NOTCH THE CANYONS SUNDAY RIVER SNOWSHOE SONG MOUNTAIN TOGGENBURG NEMACOLIN WOODLANDS MONTAGE ATTITASH SONG MOUNTAIN MOUNT SNOW BRQDIE MOUNTAIN jfiy HUNTER MOUNTAIN ELK MOUNTAIN NORTH9TAR BROMLEY i'-\:-> \Y i .• .'• **• - '•: .'••;? •'.' trailsinNewYoryiatcl i lOMNHIB *l ntsto '••:''.'•• .';: *'*•.'': hwtosHey (OTKIIXS Bobcat 5)14-676-3143 Catamount 518-325^200 , Holiday Mtn. 914-796^161 Mt, Peter 9M-98MW0 Scotch \Wte>1607-652-2470- • • Ski I'lsittcktll 6OT-326-350O JikiWindlwnifiOO-SMWLNDHAM Sterling Forc»( 911-35I-2I63 NOR11I COUNTRY Ihrnnhtthkifng/ridlttg Dr)'Hill 800-3/9-8584 : r Gore Mtn, 51^51-MU ; RojiilMtn. 518-S35-6445 SnuwRidgc 800-962-8419 Titus Mtn. 800-8*8766 •Test Mtn, 518-793-6606' Whilefacc Mtn. 518-946-2223 WillardMln. 518-te337 Cross-country skiing BaritEakt 518-576.22Z1 Cascade U Center 518-523-96O5 Cuwiingdani's 800-888-iiAni Friends lake Inn 518-494-4751 GwnetlllUX-C 518*251-2821 G'mon! Skiing is something you always wanted to try GweMln,5i8-251'2411 Lapland Lake but couldn't find die timc-didiu know how to start- Mt.
    [Show full text]
  • This Is the Bennington Museum Library's “History-Biography” File, with Information of Regional Relevance Accumulated O
    This is the Bennington Museum library’s “history-biography” file, with information of regional relevance accumulated over many years. Descriptions here attempt to summarize the contents of each file. The library also has two other large files of family research and of sixty years of genealogical correspondence, which are not yet available online. Abenaki Nation. Missisquoi fishing rights in Vermont; State of Vermont vs Harold St. Francis, et al.; “The Abenakis: Aborigines of Vermont, Part II” (top page only) by Stephen Laurent. Abercrombie Expedition. General James Abercrombie; French and Indian Wars; Fort Ticonderoga. “The Abercrombie Expedition” by Russell Bellico Adirondack Life, Vol. XIV, No. 4, July-August 1983. Academies. Reproduction of subscription form Bennington, Vermont (April 5, 1773) to build a school house by September 20, and committee to supervise the construction north of the Meeting House to consist of three men including Ebenezer Wood and Elijah Dewey; “An 18th century schoolhouse,” by Ruth Levin, Bennington Banner (May 27, 1981), cites and reproduces April 5, 1773 school house subscription form; “Bennington's early academies,” by Joseph Parks, Bennington Banner (May 10, 1975); “Just Pokin' Around,” by Agnes Rockwood, Bennington Banner (June 15, 1973), re: history of Bennington Graded School Building (1914), between Park and School Streets; “Yankee article features Ben Thompson, MAU designer,” Bennington Banner (December 13, 1976); “The fall term of Bennington Academy will commence (duration of term and tuition) . ,” Vermont Gazette, (September 16, 1834); “Miss Boll of Massachusetts, has opened a boarding school . ,” Bennington Newsletter (August 5, 1812; “Mrs. Holland has opened a boarding school in Bennington . .,” Green Mountain Farmer (January 11, 1811); “Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • THE C OOLIDGE R ANGE SUMMER RECREATION TR AILS Legend Giff
    VERMONT THE COOLIDGE RANGE Long Trail North 100 Tucker Johnson 2000 Thundering North SUMMER RECREATION TRAILS Brook Rd Willard Gap Giord Woods Kent Pond Coolidge State Forest State Park Giord Woods State Park 3 Coolidge State Park Deer Leap Mtn Plymsbury Wildlife Management Area 2782’ Rd River Green Mountain National Forest Deer Leap Old Maine Jct. Appalachain Trail Corridor Overlook Rutland City Forest 2000 k West Hill Rd o o Forest Legacy Public Access Easments r B t n e 4 K 4 Killington Rd Pico Pond VERMONT 3000 100 3 Wheelerville Rd 4 3800 Churchill Scott Pico Camp/ spring Pico Peak 3957’ Little Pico Gre o k 3110’ at R oaring Bro Ottauquechee River Rams Head Mtn 3618’ East Roaring Brook Rd Brewers Corners Shagback Mtn Brewers Brook 7 Snowdon Peak 2688’ 3592’ 1800 Skye Peak 2000 3816’ 1600 2200 Cooper Lodge Ed dy 2400 Bro ok 2600 4 Killington Peak ok 2800 s ro 4235’ Fall B 3000 3 Bear Mtn Wheelerville Rd Ottauquechee 3262’ River Notch Rd Mendon Peak 3800 3840’ 3600 Little Killington Peak 3939’ 3200 Ma 3000 dden Brook Reservoir Brook Giord Woods State Park Trails VERMONT North VERMONT Shrewsbury Peak 100 100 3710’ Smith Peak ok Robinson Hill ro 3205’ B t n 2747’ e Shrewsbury Peak rg a S 6 Kent Pond 3200 9 Gov. Clement 3000 1 2800 5 2600 Woodard Jockey Hill Reservoir 2400 2640’ Russell Stone Hut Hill CCC Road 1800 Ingalls Hill Russell Hill 1600 2654’ 2545’ 2000 Tinker Brook 8 Black Pond ko Thundering T ro Brook Rd i n B 2200 k e r 1000 500 0 1000 2000 4 feet Tin Shanty Rd Shanty Tin Black River North Coolidge State Park Trails Upper Cold River Rd Burnt Mtn 2803’ VERMONT 1200 100A 2000 Cold River Rd 2 Northam Rd Round Top Mtn Rd 1400 VERMONT North Shrewsbury Old Plymouth Rd 100 k to Coolidge State Park oo Br ing via Rt 100A 3 mi.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mount Ascutney Parkway
    The Mount Ascutney Parkway The Mount Ascutney Parkway is a 3.7-mile road built by hand and machine by the South Peak Civilian Conservation Corps from 1933 to 1937. The CCC established a camp on property acquired for conservation and recreation projects in 1933. During the six year North time the camp was active, crews worked on surveying and constructing the parkway, building hiking trails, a campground, a ski jump, picnic sites and forestry projects. Road construction included drilling and blasting much of the route using steam drills, hand tools and some trucks and equipment. The road was paved in the 1960’s concurrent with campground expansion. Today, over 15,000 people enjoy the parkway in the summer Windsor months to take in long-range views, hike the summit, camp at the base and participate vista in foot and bicycle races and auto time trials. Hours and scheduled road closures are posted on the park’s webpage. Mount Ascutney rises 2,500 ft. from the Connecticut River Valley to an elevation of 3,144ft. above sea level, forming a dominating topographical feature visible in both southeastern Vermont and southwestern New Hampshire. Grades average 10% on the parkway with some sections as steep at 19%. Drive Safely Drive all the way up and down in low gear. Using the lowest gear keeps stress on your vehicle’s transmission to a minimum and helps control your speed on the way down. Low gear can be denoted by an “L,” “L1” or “1” or “M1.” Ascending in low gear places less load on your engine and allows it to run cooler.
    [Show full text]
  • Vermont's Guide to Fluoride Levels in Public Water Systems
    Vermont’s Guide to Fluoride Levels in Public Water Systems May 2015 Oral Health healthvermont.gov May 2015 The Vermont Guide to Fluoride Levels in Public Water Systems is prepared by the Vermont Department of Health, and updated every three years. This 2015 edition replaces previous versions. For more information or assistance, please contact the Office of Oral Health, Vermont Department of Health at 802-651-1635 or 866-331-5622. Recommended Fluoride Level The current recommended level for fluoride in public water systems is 0.70 parts per million (ppm). For Primary Health Care Providers Primary health care providers (pediatricians, family physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, etc.) and dentists make decisions daily as to the need for prescribing fluoride supplements for children. The information in this guide will enable providers to determine at a glance, the level of fluoride the family is already receiving from their community water system prior to prescribing any supplementation. If the family is served by a private well or spring system, their water must be tested prior to prescribing a dietary fluoride supplement. The Vermont Department of Health (VDH) encourages primary care providers to identify children at risk for Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and to help ensure that those children have access to early preventive care. A key preventive measure for ECC is the proper use of fluoride, both systemically and topically. Fluoride makes a tooth more resistant to decay, inhibits the bacteria’s ability to create acid, and promotes remineralization of white spot lesions (early decay). These effects on teeth are both pre-eruptive and post- eruptive.
    [Show full text]
  • Vermont's Return on Investment in Land Conservation
    Vermont’s return on investment in land conservation Vermont’s return on investment in land conservation The Trust for Public Land September 2018 © 2018 The Trust for Public Land. Conducted by The Trust for Public Land, in collaboration with fellow members of the Vermont Forest Partnership: Additional project support was provided by: Vermont Housing & Conservation Board Expert technical review was provided by: Joe Roman, PhD, Gund Fellow, Research Associate Professor Gund Institute for Environment and Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources at the University of Vermont The Trust for Public Land creates parks and protects land for people, ensuring healthy, livable communities for generations to come. tpl.org/vermont-roi Table of contents Executive summary ..........................................................................................................................5 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................8 Investment in land conservation ................................................................................................. 11 Natural goods and services ......................................................................................................... 13 Highlighting the economic value of natural goods and services ........................................... 16 Return on investment methodology and findings .................................................................... 19 Land conservation
    [Show full text]