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Table of Contents As Frederik Ramm Jochen Topf and Steve Chilton OpenStreetMap Using and Enhancing the Free Map of the World T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S Published in 2011 by UIT Cambridge Ltd. PO Box 145 Cambridge CB4 1GQ England Tel: +44 1223 302 041 Web: www.uit.co.uk ISBN 978-1-906860-11-0 Copyright © 2011 UIT Cambridge Ltd. All rights reserved.* The right of Steve Chilton, Frederik Ramm, and Jochen Topf to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. The programs and instructions in this book have been included for their instructional value. Neither the publisher nor the authors offer any warranties or representations in respect of their fitness for a particular purpose, nor do they accept any liability for any loss or damage arising from their use. The publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. Neither the publisher nor the authors make any representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of information contained in this book, nor do they accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. This work is supplied with the understanding that UIT Cambridge Ltd and its authors are supplying information, but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. UIT Cambridge Ltd acknowledges trademarks as the property of their respective owners. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 * Exception: All maps in this book are works derived from OpenStreetMap data. They are © OpenStreetMap contributors, and published under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/ Table of Contents Part I: Introduction 1 Making the Free World Map.........................................................................................3 1.1 The Wikipedia of Cartography................................................................................................4 1.2 Free is more than Free of Charge............................................................................................4 1.3 Bitmaps, Vector Data, Geodata................................................................................................5 1.4 OpenStreetMap and Geographic Information Systems.......................................................6 2 OpenStreetMap on the Web..........................................................................................9 2.1 The OpenStreetMap Web Site..................................................................................................9 2.2 OpenStreetBugs........................................................................................................................12 2.3 OpenRouteService and YourNavigation..............................................................................13 2.4 The Best of OSM.......................................................................................................................15 2.5 National and Regional Resources..........................................................................................16 3 The OpenStreetMap Community...............................................................................19 3.1 Your OpenStreetMap Account...............................................................................................19 3.2 Mailing Lists and Forums.......................................................................................................22 3.3 Keeping Track – Trac and Subversion.................................................................................22 3.4 The OpenStreetMap Chat on IRC.........................................................................................23 3.5 Mapping Parties........................................................................................................................23 3.6 Meetings and Conferences......................................................................................................24 3.7 The OpenStreetMap Foundation and its Local Chapters..................................................24 Part II: OpenStreetMap for Contributors 4 On the Road with Your GPS Device..........................................................................27 4.1 The Global Positioning System..............................................................................................27 4.2 The GPS Signal.........................................................................................................................28 4.3 Satellite Visibility and Positional Fix....................................................................................28 4.4 Differential GPS........................................................................................................................29 4.5 Is GPS Accurate Enough?.......................................................................................................30 4.6 GPS Receiver Designs..............................................................................................................31 4.7 Choosing a GPS for OSM........................................................................................................32 4.8 Types of GPS Data...................................................................................................................34 VII Table of Contents 4.9 GPS Data Formats....................................................................................................................35 4.10 GPSBabel..................................................................................................................................36 4.11 Handling the GPS Unit..........................................................................................................37 5 Mapping Practice...........................................................................................................39 5.1 A Typical Mapping Example..................................................................................................39 5.2 Notes and Recordings..............................................................................................................46 5.3 Working with the Map............................................................................................................47 5.4 Working with Aerial Imagery................................................................................................49 5.5 More Mapping Tips..................................................................................................................50 6 The Data Model..............................................................................................................51 6.1 Basic Object Types...................................................................................................................51 6.2 The OSM XML Format............................................................................................................56 6.3 Modeling Areas.........................................................................................................................57 6.4 Tracks and Trackpoints...........................................................................................................57 6.5 History of the OSM Data Model............................................................................................58 6.6 Future Development................................................................................................................59 7 Map Features – What We Map...................................................................................61 7.1 Roads and Railways.................................................................................................................64 7.2 Forests, Lakes, and Rivers.......................................................................................................72 7.3 Coastline and Islands...............................................................................................................73 7.4 Buildings and Land Use Areas...............................................................................................74 7.5 Villages, Cities, and Borders...................................................................................................76 7.6 Other Points of Interest...........................................................................................................76 7.7 Annotations and Missing Information.................................................................................77 7.8 Links............................................................................................................................................78 7.9 Data Sources..............................................................................................................................78 7.10 A Practical Example...............................................................................................................79 7.11 Tagging Priorities...................................................................................................................81 8 Advanced Map Features...............................................................................................83 8.1 Complex Polygons....................................................................................................................83
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