DOCSLIB.ORG

Seventh-Day Adventists and ‘Race’ Relations in the U.S.: the Case of Black-White Structural Segregation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Seventh-Day Adventists and ‘Race’ Relations in the U.S.: the Case of Black-White Structural Segregation Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 4-2016 Seventh-Day Adventists and ‘Race’ Relations in the U.S.: The Case of Black-White Structural Segregation Cleran Hollancid Western Michigan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Race and Ethnicity Commons, and the Sociology of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Hollancid, Cleran, "Seventh-Day Adventists and ‘Race’ Relations in the U.S.: The Case of Black-White Structural Segregation" (2016). Dissertations. 1419. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/1419 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS AND ‘RACE’ RELATIONS IN THE U.S.: THE CASE OF BLACK-WHITE STRUCTURAL SEGREGATION by Cleran Hollancid A dissertation submitted to the Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Sociology Western Michigan University April 2016 Doctoral Committee: Timothy Ready, Ph.D., Chair Douglas Davidson, Ph.D. Brian C. Wilson, Ph.D. Lewis Walker, Ph.D. SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS AND ‘RACE’ RELATIONS IN THE U.S.: THE CASE OF BLACK-WHITE STRUCTURAL SEGREGATION Cleran Hollancid, Ph.D. Western Michigan University, 2016 A worldwide Christian denomination of some eighteen million in global membership, and with a presence in over 200 countries and territories (i.e., in just about every country on the globe), the Seventh Day Adventist (SDA) Church is one with a distinctive arrangement in the U.S., insofar as it concerns its racial segregation practice. The SDA Church professes and preaches unity in the pulpit, as in all members being equal and one in the faith, yet the actual practice says otherwise. Such is the case since it is officially segregated along black-white lines. The segregation arrangement, essentially a black-white schism, falls within the overall denominational structure, at the two bottom levels of the general church structure (i.e., from the local church to the local conference). This is unlike other denominations such as Baptists and Methodists, for instance, which have experienced total racial divisions in their general membership, and have totally separate black and white church organizational structures. Thus, gaining deeper insight into this racialized structure and unique SDA arrangement lies at the heart of the metanarrative driving this social research. This is a qualitative study with a focus on the Detroit area which, in itself, offers a picture of the broader SDA segregated pattern in America. In pursuing this study the socio-historical backdrop was considered, in order to better examine the societal dynamics and the meanings involved in SDA (black-white) racial segregation. To accomplish this, 36 semi-structured in- depth interviews were carried out, seeking members and pastors’ perspectives on the racially segregated arrangement, from separate black and white SDA churches. Theoretical insight formed an integral part of this study, particularly cultural toolkit theory and the homophily principle. The findings show that these theoretical lenses, along with other social dynamics and a history of racial prejudice, discrimination, and tensions in the SDA Church, help explain the persistent segregation in the denomination, accentuated by its attendant inequality. This study and its findings should: (a) prove useful to American SDA leaders, and (b) be of at least informative value to church members, besides its contribution to the overall academic work on ‘race,’ religion, and society. © 2016 Cleran Hollancid TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………….……........... 1 Statement of the Problem …………………………………………………………..... 1 Significance of the Study .……....................................................……………..…….. 2 The Origins of Seventh-day Adventism ….………………….………………....…… 4 Some Background: A Look at the Intersection of Race Relations, SDA Theology and Beliefs ………………………….….………………………………………….… 8 Remnant Theology and Gift of Prophecy …………….……….…….……… 12 A Note on Racial Tension, Adventism, and Evangelicalism ….………….… 13 Black SDAs and Remnant Theology ……………………………………….. 15 Summary ……………………………………….…………………………………… 23 CHAPTER TWO OVERVIEW OF RACE RELATIONS IN SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISM …………....... 26 Section A Church Organization and Structure …………………………..………….................. 26 Section B Race Relations Trajectory, in Socio-historical Context, in the SDA Church – Overture ………………….………………………………........................................... 31 Timeline and Events: Race and the SDA Church .…………....................................... 33 c. 1831 – 1863 …….….…….…………………..…..…................................... 33 A Note on Adventist Attitude Toward Abolitionism: mid-1850s – mid-1860s …..................................................................................................... 35 Charles M. Kinney Sentiments and Work: c. 1889, and Race Relations in the 1890s ……………………………………………………………………. 37 ii Table of Contents – Continued James Edson White: 1890s to Turn of the Twentieth Century ……………… 39 Lewis C. Sheafe: End of the Nineteenth Century and Beginning of the Twentieth Century ……………………………………………....................... 40 James K. Humphrey, Anti-black Discrimination, Disenfranchisement, and the SDA Church, 1901-1930 ............................................................................ 44 Negro Department Set Up – Beginning 1909 …….………………………..... 55 General Conference Committee on Question of Colored (Regional) Conferences …………....................................................................................... 56 Oakwood College Protests, Civil Rights, and the SDA Church, 1910s – 1960s ……………………………………………………………………….. 57 The Lucy Byard Story – 1943 ….……………………….………….…......... 61 The Formation of Regional Conferences – 1940s ……….............................. 63 Quest for Black SDA Union Conferences – Late 1960s to 1970s, and Beyond …………………………………………………….…………...….. 66 Section C Ellen White’s Take ………………………………………………………………… 72 Ellen White on Interracial Marriage …………………..…………………………… 83 Summary ...………………………….………………………………….………...... 92 CHAPTER THREE LITERATURE REVIEW: SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS OF RACE AND RELIGION IN AMERICA .……….….………………………………………………………………… 94 Socio-historical Background ….….….…….…….………………………………… 98 A Concise Parallel Outlook ………………….……………………………………. 108 On Integration and the Pushback ….………………………………………………. 111 Summary ……….…………………………………….……...………….…............. 117 iii Table of Contents – Continued CHAPTER FOUR THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODOLOGY …..…….…………....... 120 Section A Theoretical Considerations ……………………………………………………..…. 120 Section B Methodology (Data Collection) …….……………………….................................... 129 Rationale …..................................................................................................... 132 Interviewee Selection and Church Breakdown for Interviews ….….…....... 136 CHAPTER FIVE FIELDWORK INSIGHT: ANALYSIS OF INTERVIEWS …..…….……………………. 138 Demographic View ......….….…………………..……….………............................ 140 General Observations ………………….……………………………………….…. 142 Thematic Discussion ……………..…………………….…………………………. 148 Cross-racial Church Attendance ……….……………………….…….. ..... 149 Neighborhood and Church Attendance ....….…..……................................. 150 On Cross-racial Local Church Leadership ………….…….….................... 152 Attendance at Mixed-group Social Functions ……………………………. 156 Worship and Preaching Style …………….………………………………. 158 On Worship Style and Musical Instruments ……..…...................... 158 Note on Preaching Style, and Literary Analysis ………………….. 161 On Racial/Ethnic Experiences ……………………………………………. 166 Racial Background of Peers .………………………………………............ 169 iv Table of Contents – Continued Segregation Sentiments and Interracial Black-White Dating and Marriage ……….. 172 Segregation Sentiments and Effects of Racialization in the Church .…….… 172 On Interracial Black-White Dating and Marriage in the SDA Church …….. 177 Concern for Offspring from Black-White Interracial Marriage ……….…… 181 Table: Participants Expressing Concern about Children of Interracial Couples ………………………………………….………………………….. 183 Summary of Table …….……………………………………...…………….. 183 Respondents’ Perspectives on Intermarriage of Their Children ……............. 185 Overall Experience in the SDA Church …………………………………….……… 187 Understandings of the Cause(s) for the Church Segregation, along with Opinions on Whether or Not Church Leadership Should Have Created a Segregation Policy ….. 189 Comparative Look at Perspectives on the Ongoing Official Segregation at the Local Conference and Local Church Levels .……………………….…………………….. 196 White Males ………..….....……….….….………………….…..................... 196 White Females ….….…….……………………..…………………………... 198 Black Males ………….…………………………….…………....................... 200 Black Females …………………….……………………................................. 204 White Pastors ………….…….………..…………………………………….. 208 Black Pastors …………………………………..……….…………................ 211 CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSION: FINDINGS AND FUTURE DIRECTION ……………...……….……… 217 Summary Remarks …….…………………………………………………………… 217 Findings ……….………………………..………………………..….……..….……
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Uses of the Judeo-Christian Bible in the Anti-Abolitionist
    THIS FIERCE GEOMETRY: USES OF THE JUDEO-CHRISTIAN BIBLE IN THE ANTI-ABOLITIONIST AND ANTI-GAY RHETORIC OF THE UNITED STATES by Michael J. Mazza B. A., State University of New York at Buffalo, 1990 M. A., University of Pittsburgh, 1996 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2009 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Michael J. Mazza It was defended on April 15, 2009 and approved by Nancy Glazener, University of Pittsburgh Moni McIntyre, Duquesne University William Scott, University of Pittsburgh Committee Chair: Jean Ferguson Carr, University of Pittsburgh ii THIS FIERCE GEOMETRY: USES OF THE JUDEO-CHRISTIAN BIBLE IN THE ANTI-ABOLITIONIST AND ANTI-GAY RHETORIC OF THE UNITED STATES Michael J. Mazza, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2009 Copyright © by Michael J. Mazza 2009 iii Jean Ferguson Carr_______ THIS FIERCE GEOMETRY: USES OF THE JUDEO-CHRISTIAN BIBLE IN THE ANTI-ABOLITIONIST AND ANTI-GAY RHETORIC OF THE UNITED STATES Michael J. Mazza, Ph.D. University of Pittsburgh, 2009 This dissertation examines the citational use of the Judeo-Christian Bible in two sociopolitical debates within the United States: first, the debate over the abolition of slavery in the nineteenth century, and second, the contemporary debate over gay rights. This study incorporates two core theses. First, I argue that the contemporary religious right, in its anti-gay use of the Bible, is replicating the hermeneutical practices used by opponents of the abolitionist movement. My second thesis parallels the first: I argue that the contemporary activists who reclaim the Bible as a pro-gay instrument are standing in the same hermeneutical tradition as nineteenth-century Christian abolitionists.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Conferences in the Seventh-Day Adventist
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 2009 [Black] Regional Conferences in the Seventh-Day Adventist (SDA) Church Compared with United Methodist [Black] Central Jurisdiction/Annual Conferences with White SDA Conferences, From 1940 - 2001 Alfonzo Greene, Jr. Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Greene, Jr., Alfonzo, "[Black] Regional Conferences in the Seventh-Day Adventist (SDA) Church Compared with United Methodist [Black] Central Jurisdiction/Annual Conferences with White SDA Conferences, From 1940 - 2001" (2009). Dissertations. 160. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/160 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 2009 Alfonzo Greene, Jr. LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO [BLACK] REGIONAL CONFERENCES IN THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST CHURCH (SDA) COMPARED WITH UNITED METHODIST [BLACK] CENTRAL JURISDICTION/ANNUAL CONFERENCES WITH WHITE S.D.A. CONFERENCES, FROM 1940-2001 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY PROGRAM IN HISTORY BY ALFONZO GREENE, JR. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS DECEMBER
    [Show full text]
  • Seventh-Day Adventism, Doctrinal Statements, and Unity
    Journal of the Adventist Theological Society, 27/1-2 (2016): 98-116. Article copyright © 2016 by Michael W. Campbell. Seventh-day Adventism, Doctrinal Statements, and Unity Michael W. Campbell Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies Cavite, Philippines 1. Introduction “All Christians engage in confessional synthesis,” wrote theologian Carl R. Trueman.1 Some religious groups adhere to a public confession of faith as subject to public scrutiny whereas others are immune to such scrutiny. Early Seventh-day Adventists, with strong ties to the Christian Connexion, feared lest the creation of a statement of beliefs so that some at some point may disagree with that statement may at some point be excluded.2 Another danger was that statements of belief might be used to present making new discoveries from Scripture, or afterward a new truth might be stifled by appealing to the authority of an already established creed. From the perspective of early Sabbatarian Adventists, some remembered the time when during the Millerite revival that statements of belief were used to exclude them from church fellowship.3 These fears were aptly expressed during the earliest organizational developments in 1861 of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. According to denominational co-founder, James White: “making a creed is setting the stakes, and barring up the way to all future advancement. The Bible is 1 Carl R. Trueman, The Creedal Imperative (Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2012), 21. 2 Bert B. Haloviak, “Heritage of Freedom,” unpublished manuscript, 2. 3 George R. Knight, A Search for Identity: The Development of Seventh-day Adventist Beliefs (Hagerstown, MD: Review and Herald, 2000), 21-24.
    [Show full text]
  • Models of Religious Authority Darius Jankiewicz Andrews University, [email protected]
    Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Faculty Publications Theology & Christian Philosophy April 2007 Models of Religious Authority Darius Jankiewicz Andrews University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/theology-christian- philosophy-pubs Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Practical Theology Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Jankiewicz, Darius, "Models of Religious Authority" (2007). Faculty Publications. Paper 55. http://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/theology-christian-philosophy-pubs/55 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Theology & Christian Philosophy at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of the Adventist Theological Society, 18/1 (Spring 2007): 15–34. Article copyright © 2007 by Darius Jankiewicz. Models of Religious Authority Darius Jankiewicz Fulton College, Fiji The years immediately prior to the fateful day of October 22, 1844, were marked by much confusion and fanaticism in the ranks of Adventist believers. All who joined the movement accepted its fundamental tenet that Christ would return somewhere between 1843 and 1844; however, Millerite Adventism was not an organized movement, with clearly de- fined ways of understanding and interpreting Scripture. Thus, during these pre-Great Disappointment years, the leaders of the movement were caught on the horns of dilemma: on the one hand, William Miller, Joshua Himes, and others labored to project a public image of their movement as orthodox and sane; on the other hand, they and their followers believed that all people, not just certain individuals, could interpret the Scriptures for themselves in the light of the Holy Spirit.
    [Show full text]
  • Gage, William Claggett (1842–1907)
    Gage, William Claggett (1842–1907) BRIAN E. STRAYER Brian E. Strayer, Ph.D. (University of Iowa). Strayer taught history at Jackson (MI) Junior Academy, the University of Iowa, Southern Adventist University, and Andrews University for 41 years. He has written 10 books, 120 scholarly and professional articles, 40 reviews and critiques in French and Adventist history and directed three Adventist heritage tours of New England. He writes a weekly column (“The Past Is Always Present”) in the Journal Era and shares Adventist history at camp meetings, schools, and churches. William Claggett Gage was a publisher, preacher, health reformer, and the first Adventist elected mayor of a city. Early Life William Claggett Gage was born October 1, 1842 in Massachusetts to Caleb and Susan C. Gage, as the youngest of four children, three older ones being: Melindia C. (b. 1832), Leander (b. 1834), and George F. (b. 1839). Sometime before 1850 the family moved to Manchester, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire. In 1860 William married Nellie Lydia Jones (1844- 1924), sister of Charles Harriman Jones (1850-1936), the future manager of both the Review and Herald Publishing Association and the Pacific Press Publishing Association. Their children included Frederick K. Gage (b. 1866) and Mable E. Gage (b. 1881). In 1864, after attending tent meetings led by Merritt E. Cornell (1827-1893) in Manchester, New Hampshire, William and Nellie joined the Seventh-day 1 Adventist church. For several months, Gage was the William Claggett Gage. 2 tent master and song leader for Cornell’s meetings. Photo courtesy of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists Archives.
    [Show full text]
  • Joseph Smith and the Millenarian Time Table
    BYU Studies Quarterly Volume 3 Issue 3 Article 6 10-1-1961 Joseph Smith and the Millenarian Time Table Richard Lloyd Anderson Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq Recommended Citation Anderson, Richard Lloyd (1961) "Joseph Smith and the Millenarian Time Table," BYU Studies Quarterly: Vol. 3 : Iss. 3 , Article 6. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq/vol3/iss3/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in BYU Studies Quarterly by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Anderson: Joseph Smith and the Millenarian Time Table joseph smith and the millenarian time tabletab le RICHARD LLOYD ANDERSON of that day and hour knoweth no man mt 2436 though claims to date the millennial coming are no historical rarity in the past year newspapers carried stories of more than one group which separated itself to await the appointed day failures become miscalculation or definitionmisdefinitionmis to persistent believers and illusion to others joseph smith joins the ranks of discredited visionariesvisionaries in current publications reaching various intellectual levels but the image is not a true one corrective historical analysis is not only in order but also a word to those accustomed to dismiss him under the rubric of millennialism A recent article of widely influential protestant distribution does essentially this like
    [Show full text]
  • Vaso De Barro
    Apariencia frágil, contenido valioso Apariencia frágil. Contenido valioso Neila D. Oliveira aORs Asociación Casa Editora Sudamericana Av. San Martín 4555, 81604CDG Florida Oeste Buenos Aires, República Argentina l ., Indice Prefacio... .7 Presentación ..... ........... ......... ............... .9 1. El primer campamento .. 13 2. Noticia triste 19 3. Refugio de los olmos . 23 4. Funeral en el campamento. 29 5. Consejo valioso 39 6. Carta de Battle Creek 44 7. Sueño arruinado 53 8. El telegrama .... 59 9. Excluidos ... 66 10. El día que no debía terminar. 73 11. El tejido rojo y otras novedades 80 12. Una luz en el camino 85 13. La silla vacía 92 14. Una cuestión de salud 101 15. El amor está en el aire 108 16. Purificadospor el fuego 115 17. V!so de barro 122 18. Misión cumplida . 131 Apéndice 1 Conociendo el vaso por dentro y por fuera .. ..... 135 Apéndice 2 Contexto y escenario ..... .... ..... 152 Apéndice3 Libros de Elena de White. .. ... ... .. .. ... 182 Álbum de fotos .. ....... .... ......... .. ... .. .. ... .. 189 Fechas importantes. ... ..... ..... ....... 197 Bibliografía....... ........ .... .... ........ .. .. ....... .... .. .. ... .... .. 202 \ Prefacio En 2013, los editores de la revista Time publicaron un ar­ tículo especial titulado 'las cien personas más influyentesque nunca existieron". Entre los personajes ficticios incluidos, figu­ ran nombres bien conocidos, tales como Peter Pan, Pollyanna, Indiana Jones, Súperman, Barbie y hasta Harry Potter. Muchos lectores quedaron tan envueltos con las historias originales de los personajes que, simplemente, no consiguieron detenerse an­ tes de terminar de leerlas. Después de todo, ¿a quién no le gusta una historia interesante con un finalfeliz? Vaso de barro también contiene dos protagonistas ficticios: los jóvenes amigos estadounidenses Anna Beatrice y Gary, que están buscando ansiosamente conocer más sobre una persona muy influyente, llamada Elena Gould Harmond de White; en realidad, la autora más traducida del mundo.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pneuma Network: Transnational Pentecostal Print Culture in The
    Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 4-18-2016 The neumP a Network: Transnational Pentecostal Print Culture In The nitU ed States And South Africa, 1906-1948 Lindsey Brooke Maxwell Florida International University, [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FIDC000711 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the African History Commons, Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Christianity Commons, History of Christianity Commons, History of Religion Commons, Missions and World Christianity Commons, New Religious Movements Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Maxwell, Lindsey Brooke, "The neP uma Network: Transnational Pentecostal Print Culture In The nitU ed States And South Africa, 1906-1948" (2016). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 2614. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2614 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida THE PNEUMA NETWORK: TRANSNATIONAL PENTECOSTAL PRINT CULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES AND SOUTH AFRICA, 1906-1948 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in HISTORY by Lindsey Brooke Maxwell 2016 To: Dean John F. Stack, Jr. choose the name of dean of your college/school College of Arts, Sciences and Education choose the name of your college/school This dissertation, written by Lindsey Brooke Maxwell, and entitled The Pneuma Network: Transnational Pentecostal Print Culture in the United States and South Africa, 1906-1948, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment.
    [Show full text]
  • Objections to Slavery Was The
    HEAVEN BOUND, EARTHLY GOOD: AN HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF RACE RELATIONS IN THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST CHURCH A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF CLARK ATLANTA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFiLLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS BY JONATHAN GRANT DEPARTMENT OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDIES STUDIES ATLANTA, GEORGIA MAY 2010 ABSTRACT AFRICAN-AJ~4zEpJcM~ STUDIES GRANT, JONATHAN BA. OAKWOOD UNIVERITY, 2007 HEAVEN BOUND, EARTHLY GOOD: AN HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF RACE RELATIONS IN THE SEVENTH-DAy ADVENTIST CHURCH Advisor: Dr. Josephine Bradley Thesis dated May 2010 The Seventh-day Adventist Church is a denomination that has contributed much to the development of American society. Although the Church is a religious and social institution, its views on race in America have changed over the years, from its abolitionist approach during the mid 19th century to its stance of non-involvement during the Civil Rights Movement. By studying the race relations in the Adventist Church, this thesis reveals the factors that may have caused its position of non-intervention during the Civil Rights Movement. The thesis analyzes the development of black/white race relations in the Seventh-day Adventist Church, and how it has led to the Church’s stance regarding race during the Civil Rights Movement. The functionalist theory is utilized to elucidate the Church’s racial approach from a sociological perspective. This thesis allows for future research of other religious organizations and how those institutions have helped advance or delay the quest for social freedom amongst African Americans. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author of this document acknowledges, first and foremost, his Lord and Savior Jesus Christ for allowing this manuscript to become a success.
    [Show full text]
  • The Historical Development of the Religion Curriculum at Battle Creek College, 1874-1901
    Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Dissertations Graduate Research 2001 The Historical Development of the Religion Curriculum at Battle Creek College, 1874-1901 Medardo Esau Marroquin Andrews University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Education Commons, and the History of Christianity Commons Recommended Citation Marroquin, Medardo Esau, "The Historical Development of the Religion Curriculum at Battle Creek College, 1874-1901" (2001). Dissertations. 558. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations/558 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Thank you for your interest in the Andrews University Digital Library of Dissertations and Theses. Please honor the copyright of this document by not duplicating or distributing additional copies in any form without the author’s express written permission. Thanks for your cooperation. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]
  • Lest We Forget | 4
    © 2021 ADVENTIST PIONEER LIBRARY P.O. Box 51264 Eugene, OR, 97405, USA www.APLib.org Published in the USA February, 2021 ISBN: 978-1-61455-103-4 Lest We ForgetW Inspiring Pioneer Stories Adventist Pioneer Library 4 | Lest We Forget Endorsements and Recommendations Kenneth Wood, (former) President, Ellen G. White Estate —Because “remembering” is es- sential to the Seventh-day Adventist Church, the words and works of the Adventist pioneers need to be given prominence. We are pleased with the skillful, professional efforts put forth to accom- plish this by the Pioneer Library officers and staff. Through books, periodicals and CD-ROM, the messages of the pioneers are being heard, and their influence felt. We trust that the work of the Adventist Pioneer Library will increase and strengthen as earth’s final crisis approaches. C. Mervyn Maxwell, (former) Professor of Church History, SDA Theological Semi- nary —I certainly appreciate the remarkable contribution you are making to Adventist stud- ies, and I hope you are reaching a wide market.... Please do keep up the good work, and may God prosper you. James R. Nix, (former) Vice Director, Ellen G. White Estate —The service that you and the others associated with the Adventist Pioneer Library project are providing our church is incalculable To think about so many of the early publications of our pioneers being available on one small disc would have been unthinkable just a few years ago. I spent years collecting shelves full of books in the Heritage Room at Loma Linda University just to equal what is on this one CD-ROM.
    [Show full text]
  • Church Ambassadors!”
    John Graz, Author Penny Estes Wheeler, Editor A Grace Brown, Graphic Designer The author assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all facts and quotations as cited in this book. Copyright © 2014 by: Public Affairs and Religious Liberty Department General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists 12501 Old Columbia Pike Silver Spring MD 20904 USA All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-0-692-27980-9 table of contents church ambassador – 1 – Unless otherwise indicated all scripture is taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide. Texts credited to NEB are from The New English Bible. © The Delegates of the Oxford University Press and the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press 1961, 1970. Reprinted by permission. Texts credited to NKJV are from the New King James Version. Copyright © 1979, 1980, 1982 by Thomas Nelson, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved. Bible Texts credited to NRSV are from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copy- right © 1989 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. Used by permission. Bible texts credited to Phillips are from J. B. Phillips: The New Testament in Modern English, Revised Edition. © J. B. Phillips 1958, 1960, 1972. Used by permission of the Macmillan Publishing Co. table of contents church ambassador Church Ambassador – 3 – Photo Credits Front Cover: Top image—istockphoto.com; lower left image—Adventist News Network; lower right image— Adventist Mission.
    [Show full text]