Star Charts & Astro Posters STA Ers, a Shape TIR R PA Re Easily

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h M s g P t i PISCES A a Hyades l O MONOCEROS 16 First Quarter Moon at 23:26 UT. r Circlet M F s n ORION o E T “ i i l H H l n AQUARIUS 2232 i T E 19 Moon near the Pleiades (evening sky) at 9h UT. a m F M l M50 O A 5 i . n R P 2 20 Moon very near Aldebaran (evening sky) at 2h UT. e σ E

I ” M47 β y T S M46 i x N n M42 a Occultation visible from USA and Canada. T l E H C t Mira a E h g E e S Rigel a H A s Sirius CETUS T s 24 Full Moon at 1:46 UT. M o CANIS i . u S E t MAJOR t I E A h - ? M S e s I 24 Moon near Beehive cluster (midnight sky) at 10h UT. T T a LEPUS e H s 7293 y t e D M41 E f r N o A 26 Moon near Regulus (morning sky) at 4h UT. D r u I m o S R y E E w Diphda h T C t A T h i D 28 Moon near Jupiter (135° from Sun, morning sky) at 0h UT. I a γ w O t N N i ) I Symbols s 1 A Mag. –2.3. T k 3 T H n M R A o ( E Galaxy T w 253 y C Y n x O a N 30 Moon at apogee (farthest from Earth) at 9h UT (distance 404,553 km; U a SE l O s a S Double Star F t FORNAX G R A h ERIDANUS α SW a A angular size 29.5'). C e d E E “ e P . B m P Variable Star B el ro A EG t SCULPTOR d T 30 Moon near Spica (106° from Sun, morning sky) at 15h UT. I o n I N f A S Diffuse Nebula B O e A Y rio h N U n t O S ”. ee IZ Planetary Nebula More sky events and links at http://Skymaps.com/skycalendar/ IN s R G ou O T y -H HE an TO Open Star Cluster All times in Universal Time (UT). (USA Eastern Standard Time = UT – 5 hours.) S θ C N- KY O M IZ A Th OR Globular Star Cluster P T e P H O lei y. OM FIN ade arb FR SAVE ON RECOMMENDED PRODUCTS • http://Skymaps.com/store D A s, o ne SKY B r Se are T RIG ven ades IGH Star Magnitudes HT Sist SOUTH d Hy E N -1 0 1 2 3 4 • Star Atlases & Planispheres • Star Charts & Astro Posters STA ers, a shape TIR R PA re easily . The V- E EN TTER seen with the naked eye S TH Copyright © 2000–2015 Kym Thalassoudis. All Rights Reserved. • Books for Sky Watchers • Telescopes & Binoculars N IN T SHOW HE SKY. KY MAP Help support the production and free distribution of The Evening Sky Map INSTRUCTIONS: THE S * TERMS OF USE: FREE FOR NON-COMMERCIAL EDUCATIONAL USE. ASTRONOMY EDUCATION GROUPS MAY FREELY DISTRIBUTE PRINTED HANDOUTS. FULL DETAILS AT http://Skymaps.com/terms.html About the Celestial Objects Easily Seen with the Naked Eye Listed on this page are several of the brighter, more interesting celestial objects Capella Aur The 6th brightest star. Appears yellowish in color. Spectroscopic binary. Dist=42 ly. visible in the evening sky this month (refer to the monthly sky map). The objects are Sirius CMa The brightest star in the sky. Also known as the "Dog Star". Dist=8.6 ly. Procyon CMi Greek name meaning "before the dog" - rises before Sirius (northern latitudes). Dist=11.4 ly. grouped into three categories. Those that can be easily seen with the naked eye (that δ Cephei Cep Cepheid prototype. Mag varies between 3.5 & 4.4 over 5.366 days. Mag 6 companion. is, without optical aid), those easily seen with binoculars, and those requiring a Deneb Cyg Brightest star in Cygnus. One of the greatest known supergiants. Dist=1,400 ±200 ly. telescope to be appreciated. Note, all of the objects (except single stars) will Castor Gem Multiple star system with 6 components. 3 stars visible in telescope. Dist=52 ly. appear more impressive when viewed through a telescope or very large Pollux Gem With Castor, the twin sons of Leda in classical mythology. Dist=34 ly. binoculars. They are grouped in this way to highlight objects that can be seen using JANUARY 2016 Vega Lyr The 5th brightest star in the sky. A blue-white star. Dist=25.0 ly. Rigel Ori The brightest star in Orion. Blue supergiant star with mag 7 companion. Dist=770 ly. the optical equipment that may be available to the star gazer. Betelgeuse Ori One of the largest red supergiant stars known. Diameter=300 times that of Sun. Dist=430 ly. Algol Per Famous eclipsing binary star. Magnitude varies between 2.1 & 3.4 over 2.867 days. Tips for Observing the Night Sky Pleiades Tau The Seven Sisters. Spectacular cluster. Many more stars visible in binoculars. Dist=399 ly.

NORTHERN HEMISPHERE Hyades Tau Large V-shaped star cluster. Binoculars reveal many more stars. Dist=152 ly. When observing the night sky, and in particular deep-sky objects such as star clusters, Aldebaran Tau Brightest star in Taurus. It is not associated with the Hyades star cluster. Dist=66.7 ly. nebulae, and galaxies, it’s always best to observe from a dark location. Avoid direct Polaris UMi The North Pole Star. A telescope reveals an unrelated mag 8 companion star. Dist=433 ly. light from street lights and other sources. If possible observe from a dark location away from the light pollution that surrounds many of today’s large cities. Easily Seen with Binoculars You will see more stars after your eyes adapt to the darkness—usually about 10 to M31 And The Andromeda Galaxy. Most distant object visible to naked eye. Dist=2.5 million ly. 20 minutes after you go outside. Also, if you need to use a torch to view the sky M2 Aqr Resembles a fuzzy star in binoculars. map, cover the light bulb with red cellophane. This will preserve your dark vision. M38 Aur Stars appear arranged in "pi" or cross shape. Dist=4,300 ly. M36 Aur About half size of M38. Located in rich Milky Way star field. Dist=4,100 ly. Finally, even though the Moon is one of the most stunning objects to view M37 Aur Very fine star cluster. Discovered by Messier in 1764. Dist=4,400 ly. through a telescope, its light is so bright that it brightens the sky and makes many of M44 Cnc Praesepe or Beehive Cluster. Visible to the naked eye. Dist=590 ±20 ly. the fainter objects very difficult to see. So try to observe the evening sky on M41 CMa First recorded observation by Aristotle in 325 BC as "cloudy spot". Dist=2,300 ly. moonless nights around either New Moon or Last Quarter. μ Cephei Cep Herschel's Garnet Star. One of the reddest stars. Mag 3.4 to 5.1 over 730 days. Mira Cet Famous long period variable star. Mag varies between 3.0 & 10.1 over 332 days. χ Cygni Cyg Long period pulsating red giant. Magnitude varies between 3.3 & 14.2 over 407 days. Astronomical Glossary M39 Cyg May be visible to the naked eye under good conditions. Dist=900 ly. Conjunction – An alignment of two celestial bodies such that they present the least ν Draconis Dra Wide pair of white stars. One of the finest binocular pairs in the sky. Dist=100 ly. M35 Gem Fine open cluster located near foot of the twin Castor. Dist=2,800 ly. angular separation as viewed from Earth. γ Leporis Lep Visible with binoculars. Gold & white stars. Mags 3.6 & 6.2. Dist=30 ly. Sep=96.3". Constellation – A defined area of the sky containing a star pattern. R Lyrae Lyr Semi-regular variable. Magnitude varies between 3.9 & 5.0 over 46.0 days. 2232 Mon A large scattered star cluster of 20 stars. Dist=1,300 ly. Diffuse Nebula – A cloud of gas illuminated by nearby stars. 2244 Mon Surrounded by the rather faint Rosette Nebula. Dist=5,540 ly. Double Star – Two stars that appear close to each other in the sky; either linked by M50 Mon Visible with binoculars. Telescope reveals individual stars. Dist=3,000 ly. gravity so that they orbit each other (binary star) or lying at different distances from Cr 69 Ori Lambda Orionis Cluster. Dist=1,630 ly. Earth (optical double). Apparent separation of stars is given in seconds of arc ("). M42 Ori The Great Orion Nebula. Spectacular bright nebula. Best in telescope. Dist=1,300 light years. M15 Peg Only globular known to contain a planetary nebula (Mag 14, d=1"). Dist=30,000 ly. Ecliptic – The path of the Sun’s center on the celestial sphere as seen from Earth. Double Cluster Per Double Cluster in Perseus. NGC 869 & 884. Excellent in binoculars. Dist=7,300 ly. Elongation – The angular separation of two celestial bodies. For Mercury and Venus 253 Scl Fine, large, cigar-shaped galaxy. Requires dark sky. Member of Sculptor Group. Mizar & Alcor UMa Good eyesight or binoculars reveals 2 stars. Not a binary. Mizar has a mag 4 companion. the greatest elongation occurs when they are at their most angular distance from the Sun as viewed from Earth. Telescopic Objects Galaxy – A mass of up to several billion stars held together by gravity. CELESTIAL OBJECTS γ Andromedae And Attractive double star. Bright orange star with mag 5 blue companion. Sep=9.8". Globular Star Cluster – A ball-shaped group of several thousand old stars. γ Arietis Ari Impressive looking double blue-white star. Visible in a small telescope. Sep=7.8". M67 Cnc Contains 500+ stars mag 10 & fainter. One of the oldest clusters. Dist=2,350 ly. Light Year (ly) – The distance a beam of light travels at 300,000 km/sec in one year. η Cassiopeiae Cas Yellow star mag 3.4 & orange star mag 7.5. Dist=19 ly. Orbit=480 years. Sep=12". Magnitude – The brightness of a celestial object as it appears in the sky. 61 Cygni Cyg Attractive double star. Mags 5.2 & 6.1 orange dwarfs. Dist=11.4 ly. Sep=28.4". γ Delphini Del Appear yellow & white. Mags 4.3 & 5.2. Dist=100 ly. Struve 2725 double in same field. Open Star Cluster – A group of tens or hundreds of relatively young stars. θ Eridani Eri Striking blue-white double star. Mags 3.2 & 4.3. Visible in a small telescope. Sep=8.2". Opposition – When a celestial body is opposite the Sun in the sky. β Monocerotis Mon Triple star. Mags 4.6, 5.0 & 5.4. Requires telescope to view arc-shape. Sep=7.3". 2264 Mon Christmas Tree Cluster. Associated with the Cone Nebula. Dist=2,450 ly. Planetary Nebula – The remnants of a shell of gas blown off by a star. σ Orionis Ori Superb multiple star. 2 mag 7 stars one side, mag 9 star on other. Struve 761 triple in field. Universal Time (UT) – A time system used by astronomers. Also known as Greenwich M1 Tau Crab Nebula. Remnant from supernova which was visible in 1054. Dist=6,500 ly. Mean Time. USA Eastern Standard Time (for example, New York) is 5 hours behind UT. M33 Tri Fine face-on spiral galaxy. Requires a large aperture telescope. Dist=2.3 million ly. M81 UMa Beautiful spiral galaxy visible with binoculars. Easy to see in a telescope. Variable Star – A star that changes brightness over a period of time. M82 UMa Close to M81 but much fainter and smaller. The Evening Sky Map (ISSN 1839-7735) Copyright © 2000–2015 Kym Thalassoudis. All Rights Reserved.