Hydraulic Research Laboratory - Irrigation Department Lot 34, Jawatta Road, Colombo 05, Srilanka

Emergence of Hydraulics Research Laboratory

The hydraulic laboratory was officially opened by His Excellency Governor Sir Andrew Caldecott on May 21,1938

Hydraulic Research Laboratory consist of Hydraulics Scalar model laboratory Instrument Section Workshop Photography Section

Functions of Hydraulics Research Laboratory

1. Construction of hydraulic scalar models including installation of measuring apparatus and scientific equipment and carrying out model tests, tabulating test results , preparing diagrams and reporting.

2. Seepage studies in canal distribution systems.

3. Monitoring sea-outfall behavior.

4. Collection of sediment transport data from canals, streams and rivers.

5. Calibration of sluices/outlets and providing rating curves.

6. Fabrication, installation and calibration of measuring devices for flow measurement.

About the Hydraulic Research Model Laboratory

- The Hydraulic research Laboratory has been in continuous operation since it was established in 1938 by Irrigation Department. The Laboratory was moved to its present location at No.34, Jawatta Road, Colombo 5 in 1940. - The infrastructure available includes - Concrete flume for sectional model (25m x1.5m x1.5m), - Tiltable glass flume (12 m test length) with separate water circulation system - 2 buildings for the flumes

- Constant overhead tank (8.5 m above ground) with incorporated pump house (4 electric

pumps and 1 diesel pump (Stand –by installation)

- a sub-surface tank.

- Electrical Sub Station (250 kVA) and Electrical installation for test facilities. - Instrumentation - - All the instruments required to carry out model studies are available with the laboratory. These include Discharge measuring weirs, point gauges, bridges, current meters, manometers etc. The workshop and instrument division which is under the Hydraulics Laboratory provides repair facilities for all these instruments. -

A non-interruptive flow water supply and ample land area makes the laboratory unique among hydraulic laboratories in the island. The laboratory occupies 12,500 m2 of open land with necessary water supply system consists underground pressure pipe lines with hydrant chambers. Water for experiments is drawn from ground water at rates from a trickle flow up to 760 liters per second.

The laboratory has had a major impact on irrigation and water conservation engineering and is recognized nationally as a significant contributor of sound design criteria for irrigation and water conservation structures and channels.

Mission Statement

The Hydraulic Research Laboratory conducts research to:

 Develop criteria for design and analysis of safe, economical structures and channels for the conveyance, storage, disposal, and measurement of runoff water;  Develop basic knowledge of the hydraulics of surface water flows for use in planning measures needed for environmentally appropriate control of runoff water and/or assessing the safety and efficiency of existing measures; and  Determine the ability of vegetation, riprap, and/or various stilling basins to protect hydraulic structures and channels from erosion.

Some research is oriented to specific studies, but the primary goal is to conduct generalized research that can be applied nationally by both public and private agencies without further testing.

Model study at Giritale Scheme

Model Study for Kaluganga Spill

Model Study for raising of Minipe anicut

Services Offered by the Hydraulics Research Laboratory, Irrigation Department,

Year Client Consultant Description of work 2012 ID Hydraulic Model Studies for proposed Piono key weir Spillway for Giritale tank. 2012 MCB Hydraulic Model Studies for proposed modification to Minipe Anicut 2011 MASL Lahmeyer Hydraulic Model Studies for proposed International Radial gated Spillway. GmbH

2010 ID - Hydraulic Model Studies for Spillway cum hydropower intake for Project. 2010 ID - Hydraulic Model Studies on 02 Nos Radial Gated Spillway for Rambukkan Oya Project. 2010 ID - Hydraulic Model Studies for Spillway cum hydropower intake and fish ladder for Deduru Oya Project. 2008 BOI - Hydraulic Model Investigation on the Intake – Kelani Ganga at Seethawaka Industrial Park. 2008 ID - Radial Gated Spillway for Weheragala Reservoir Project 2005 ID - Hydraulic Model Investigation of Morning Glory Spillway for Kekiriobada Reservoir Project.

2004 ID Hydraulic Model Study for Modified Power Intake Upper Kotmale Hydropower Project.

ID Hydraulic Model Investigation of Radial Gated Spillway for Mau Ara Project. 1998 ZPC Delgodaganga MiniHydro Power Project 1995 CEB Joint Venture Hydraulic Model studies to confirm the suitability of cnec (CKC-NK- the geometrical shape of the main structures and their EPDCI-CECB) behaviour of Upper Kotmale Hydropower Project. 1993 CEB NiponKoiz and Model study on weir, Intake and Sand Trap of Electrowatt Hydropower Project.

1992 ID/CECB Hydraulic Model Studies on Diversion to Kirindioya Reservoir

1991 ID Hydrualic Model studies on Dolukanda, Mallipotha Chute Spillway.

1991 RDA The Road Embankment Protection at Kohilawatta – Kelani Ganga Year Client Consultant Description of work

1991 ID Hydraulic Model Studies on Senanayake Samuddraya Intake

1991 MASL Hydraulics Model Studies on Polgolla Strucutre, Siltation Problem at Intake. 1990 ID Hydraulic Model Studies on Bomburalla Morning Glory Spillway

1990 ID Hydraulic Model Studies on Automatic Collapsible Gate in Randaviibendi Ela to evaluate design Criteria.

1990 ID Hydraulic Model Studies on Muruthawela Drop Structure, Iranamadu Spillway 1990 NWS&DB Soil and Water The Intake at Peradeniya, Mahaweli Ganga under Consulting Kandy District water Supply and Sanitation Project Engineers, (KDWSSP). HELSINKI, Finland 1989 CEB Sir Alexander Radial Gated Spillway of Samanalawewa Hydro- Gibb and Electric Project. Partners

1987 ID Nalanda (Concrete) dam Investigation of the cause of Horizontal cracks.

1987 ID Model Studies on Kantale Drop Structure to evaluate Hydraulic design criteria.

1986 ID Calibration of Sluice in Handapanagala Reservoir.

1986 ID Calibration of Board Crested weirs in Major Irrigation and Rehabilitation Project.

1986 ID Field Studies on Seepage in Canals in Scheme.

1986 ID Mathematical Model Studies on Flood levels in Kirindi Oya Reservoir.

1986 ID Hydraulic Model Studies on Handapanagala Silt Exclusion Studies.

1986 ID Hydraulic Model Investigations on Kelani Ganga Erosion Protection at Pethiyagoda

1985 ID Hydraulic Model Studies on Kaudulla Spillway Energy Dissipation Studies.

1985 ID Hydraulics Model Studies on Silt Exclusion at Batalagoda Intake.

1984 ID Study of formation of a sand bar across the mouth of Kepu Ela.

Year Client Consultant Description of work

1984 MASL Hydraulic Model Studies on Silt Exclusion in Minipe Anicut.

1984 CECB Hydraulic Model investigations on Bottom Outlet and Surge Shaft in Kotmale Hydropower Project.

1984 ID Model Investigations of Kirindi Oya Spillway.

1982- MASL Field observations on water losses between the 1983 feeder canal and the diversion tunnel intake of Kotmale Reservoir.

1982- LR&DC Field investigations on salt water intrusion and 1983 ground water table behaviour in Muthurajawla

1982- Ministry of Monitoring of Panadura sea out fall 1983 Fisheries

1982- MDB Model studies on Mundan Kumaraveli Aru – Silting 1983 of flood diversion canal.

1982- CECB Model study on Evaluation of Hydraulic Design 1983 Criteria for Kotmale Spillway.

1982 CDR&DB Puttalam District Flood Control and Drainage Project. Field investigations were done to study the behaviour of sand bar formation, effectiveness of groynes, variation of ground water table.

1981 MDB Model studies on Evaluation of Hydraulic Design criteria for Rantambe Spillway

1981 MDB Model studies on Evaluation of Hydraulic Design criteria for Randenigala Spillway

1977 ID Hydraulics Model investigations for Bomurella Sluice Stidies

1972 ID Model Investigation for Dhun Oya Drop Structure at Ukuwela

MCB- Mahaweli Consultancy Bureau MDB - Mahaweli Development Board ZPC – ZYREX Power Company Ltd. LR&DC - Land Reclamation and Drainage Corporation MASL - Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka ID - Irrigation Department, Srilanka RDA - Road Development Authority of Srilanka CEB - Ceylon Electricity Board, Srilanka CECB - Central Engineering and Consultancy Bureau NWS&DB - National Water Supply and Drainage Board BOI- Board of Investment. CKC - Chuo Kaihatsu Corporation, Tokyo, Japan NK - Nippon Koei Co, LTD. Tokyo, Japan EPDCI - EPDC International Ltd, Tokyo, Japan

Instrument Section

The Instrument Section commenced functioning in 1955 with a small staff. Activities then were mainly confined to the repair and maintenance of Survey Instruments.

As years passed activities of the section increased. Installing, repair and maintenance of Radio Transceivers repair, servicing and maintenance of hydrological equipment, typewriters, clock mechanisms, Electrical Appliances became additional functions in the section.

The following Evaporimeter was designed and manufactured by Instrument section of the Hydraulic Division. EVAPORIMETER

The purpose of this instrument is to record Operating Instructions the water level in evaporation pan. The 1. Paste 3 yellow pegs to form an water level is determined by means of a equilateral triangle in the bottom of hook gauge consisting of a movable scale the evaporation pan at the centre such and vernier fitted with a hook enclosed in that the yellow pegs should be aligned a still –water chamber in the pan. with 3 foot screws of evaporimeter. 2. Install this Instrument at center mounted yellow pegs and level up using 3 Nos foot screws (Install red mark on yellow peg aligned with red mark on the instrument). Then clamp 3 foot screw thoroughly by tightening the nuts. 3. Turn the Main Knob (black 3"knob) and adjust the hook gauge point to correct water level (Avoid surface tension). 4. Record Water level reading (Initial). 5. Remove the Instrument (Ensure that there is no single drop of water inside Stilling Pipe) and keep it secure place Specifications for its safety. 6. Re-install the instrument in a required Measuring range (main scale) - 150mm time period. (Install red mark on the yellow peg aligned with red mark on Effective Measuring range - 110mm the instrument). 7. Repeat step 3. Accuracy - 0.02mm 8. Record water level reading Stilling pipe height - 250 mm 9. Then calculate the water level difference. Stilling pipe Diameter - 100 mm

Accuracy of leveling bubble - 60'/2mm

Material - Stainless Steel

Weight - 2 kg

Height of the Instrument - 500 mm

The Instrument was designed and manufactured by the Instrument Section of Hydraulics Research Laboratory, Irrigation Department, Sri Lanka.

A total of 42 instruments were made following a request made by Irrigation & Water Management Sub-Department with funds provided under local budget. The cost of each unit worked out to approximately Rs. 24,000.00. Main knob

Main Scale

Vernier Scale

Leveling Bubble

Stilling Pipe

Clamping nut

Foot Screws

Yellow Pegs and Red Mark Red Mark on the Instrument Reading the

Scale

Evaporation Pan

Evaporimeter

Handling the Instrument

3. Work Shop

The following Instruments were manufactured at the workshop Hydraulic Research Laboratory, Irrigation Department, Sri Lanka

3.1 Fabrication of Hydrological and Hydraulic Instruments

3.1.1 Manual Rain Gauge

The rain gauge consists of a housing, base plate, collector mouth and a funnel. The housing and the base plate are made out of iron. The housing is a 5inch diameter iron pipe which is 39 cm in height. The collector mouth which is made out of bronze rests on top of the housing. The funnel is made out of copper.

33 numbers of such rain gauges were fabricated for Hydrology Branch of the Irrigation Department on their request.

3.1.2 Multiple Well Type Manometer

3.1.2 Multiple well type Manometer

3.1.2 Multiple well type Manometer.

Multiple well type manometer is a versatile instrument used for laboratory data analysis. It has 10 numbers of individual direct reading manometers enclosed in individual compact case ( single panel). The tubes are 10 mm diameter perspex tubes. The panel is a free standing column with a level bubble. The measurable height is 1.5 m. This instrument can be used to measure pressure, vacuum, differential pressure, flow or liquid level. Complex pressure distribution or multiple pressure relationship can be easily observed.

4. Photography Section.

Maintaining the followings:

 Small Photo Albums - 127 Nos  Photo Album Large - 16 Nos  Sinhala Films (16 mm) - 54 Nos  English films (16 mm) - 42 Nos  DVD Films (42 Films) - 06 Nos  Colour photos 4 R - 47 Nos  Colour photos 10x15 - 32 Nos  Stat file - 12529 Nos  35 mm black & white negatives

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 Training and Other activities

Visit of Engineers from Afghanistan to the Hydraulic Laboratory Visit of Irrigation Engineers to the Hydraulic Laboratory

Visit of consultants from Mahaweli Consultancy Bureau to the Hydraulic Laboratory

5. Exhibition and other publicity activities

DEYATA KIRULA NATIONAL EXHIBITION 2013 AT AMPARA

DEYATA KIRULA NATIONAL EXHIBITION 2013 AT AMPARA

DEYATA KIRULA NATIONAL EXHIBITION 2013 AT AMPARA