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Lecture 13: Laser-Induced Fluorescence: Two-Level Model
Lecture 13: Laser-Induced Fluorescence: Two-Level Model 1. Introduction and background Laser-Induced Fluorescence 2. Typical experimental setup 3. Signal level (steady & pulsed) Possible collisional change 4. Two-level model 2 LIF 5. Detection limits (pulsed laser) hν (spont. emission) 6. Characteristic times Laser absorption 7. Modifications to two-level model 1 1. Introduction What is Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF)? Laser-induced spontaneous emission Multi-step process: absorption followed by emission (fluorescence) Possible collisional change This is the laser- 2 induced fluorescence hν (spont. Emission) = LIF signal Laser absorption (pulsed or CW laser) 1 Notes . May occur from multiple states . Not instantaneous 2 1. Introduction Why is LIF of interest? o The LIF signal can be monitored at 90 to the exciting laser beam, thereby gives spatial resolution to the absorption measurement The signal rides on a dark background, rather than being based on signal differences as in absorption Species specific, and much stronger than Raman scattering Volume element = A·L (~1mm3) L Waist LIF Trans. Int. Ω l Collection optics d λexc • Signal for scanned- LIF 3 1. Introduction LIF can be used to monitor multiple gas properties including ni (n,v,J) number density of species i in a state described by n, v, and J T temperature (from the Boltzmann fraction) χi species concentration P pressure (from line broadening) v velocity (from the Doppler shift of the absorption frequency) And species including Radicals: OH, C2, CN, NH, … Stable diatoms: O2, NO, CO, I2, … Polyatomics: NO2, NCO, CO2, Acetone (CH3COCH3), Biacetyl ((CH3CO)2), Toluene (C7H8), and other carbonyls and aromatic compounds As well as many atoms…. -
A Rhodamine-Binding Aptamer for Super-Resolution RNA Imaging
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.12.988782; this version posted March 13, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. RhoBAST - a rhodamine-binding aptamer for super-resolution RNA imaging Murat Sunbul1*, Jens Lackner2, Annabell Martin1, Daniel Englert1, Benjamin Hacene2, Karin Nienhaus2, G. Ulrich Nienhaus2,3,4,5, and Andres Jäschke1* 1 Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany 2 Institute of Applied Physics (APH), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany 3 Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany 4 Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany 5 Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States Abstract RhoBAST is a novel fluorescence light-up RNA aptamer (FLAP) that transiently binds a fluorogenic rhodamine dye. Fast dye association and dissociation result in intermittent fluorescence emission, facilitating single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) with an image resolution not limited by photobleaching. We demonstrate RhoBAST’s excellent properties as a RNA marker by resolving subcellular and subnuclear structures of RNA in live and fixed cells by SMLM and structured illumination microscopy (SIM). 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.12.988782; this version posted March 13, 2020. -
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RSC Advances This is an Accepted Manuscript, which has been through the Royal Society of Chemistry peer review process and has been accepted for publication. Accepted Manuscripts are published online shortly after acceptance, before technical editing, formatting and proof reading. Using this free service, authors can make their results available to the community, in citable form, before we publish the edited article. This Accepted Manuscript will be replaced by the edited, formatted and paginated article as soon as this is available. You can find more information about Accepted Manuscripts in the Information for Authors. Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. www.rsc.org/advances Page 1 of 33 RSC Advances A ratiometric nanosensor based on fluorescent carbon dots for label-free and highly selective recognition of DNA Shan Huang a, Lumin Wang a, Fawei Zhu a, Wei Su a, Jiarong Sheng a, Chusheng Huang a, and Qi Xiao a,b,* a College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangxi Teachers Education University, Nanning 530001, P. R. China b State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China Manuscript Accepted Advances * Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 771 3908065; Fax: +86 771 3908065; E-mail address: [email protected] RSC 1 RSC Advances Page 2 of 33 Abstract: A ratiometric nanosensor for label-free and highly selective recognition of DNA was reported in this work, by employing fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) as the reference fluorophore and ethidium bromide (EB), a specific organic fluorescent dye toward DNA, playing the role as both specific recognition element and response signal. -
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
ANNUAL 2018/19 PO Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa Published by: CSIR Communication Enquiries: Tel +27 12 841 2911 • Email: [email protected] ISBN-13 978-0-7988-5643-0 “The objects of the CSIR are, through directed and particularly multi-disciplinary research and technological innovation, to foster, in the national interest and in fields which in its opinion should receive preference, industrial and scientific development, either by itself or in co-operation with principals from the private or public sectors, and thereby to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of the people of the Republic, and to perform any other functions that may be assigned to the CSIR by or under this Act.” (Scientific Research Council Act 46 of 1988, as amended by Act 27 of 2014) CONTENTS The CSIR at a glance ......................................................2 From our leadership .......................................................6 Organisational highlights .............................................. 24 Financial sustainability and governance .......................... 66 Executive report ........................................................... 87 Consolidated financial statements ................................ 101 Knowledge dissemination ............................................ 148 Abbreviations ............................................................ 175 1 INTRODUCTION THE CSIR AT A GLANCE 2 342 TOTAL STAFF BASE 1 608 1 610 1 041 *SET BASE BLACK SOUTH FEMALE SOUTH AFRICANS AFRICANS *Science, engineering and technology -
Improving Impact Through Licensing and Ventures FOREWORD
ScienceScopewww.csir.co.za PUBLICATION OF THE CSIR | VOLUME 6 | NUMBER 3 | FEBRUARY 2013 SOUTH AFRICA’S COUNCIL FOR SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH Improving impact through licensing and ventures FOREWORD THE CSIR’S OPERATING UNITS, NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRES AND SERVICES Improving impact through licensing > CSIR Biosciences Pretoria 012 841-3260 > CSIR Built Environment and venture creation Pretoria 012 841-3871 Stellenbosch 021 888-2508 > CSIR Defence, Peace, Safety Beyond the CSIR’s significant contribution to the global knowledge base, we are determined to ensure and Security that our work has quantifiable economic, environmental and social benefits. One of the ways to attain Pretoria 012 841-2780 > CSIR Materials Science and this is to improve our transfer of technology and innovations to third parties. Manufacturing Pretoria 012 841-4392 We recognise that innovation have arisen from the collective There are many examples of to national imperatives such CSIR Licensing and ventures Johannesburg 011 482-1300 implies dissemination and efforts of our multidisciplinary technologies and services with as the creation of decent Port Elizabeth 041 508-3200 Pretoria 012 841 4212 [email protected] uptake and that for an invention competence base. In all of these CSIR roots that have been employment through inclusive Cape Town 021 685-4329 to become an innovation, it cases the technology readiness transformed as technologies economic growth, poverty > CSIR Modelling and Digital Science needs to be implemented or is at an advanced stage. In some merged and grew. The CSIR reduction and the development Compiled by Pretoria 012 841-3298 used by the market and society. -
High Throughput Rna Interference Based Screen for the Identification of Genes Implicated in Listeria Monocytogenes Infection
HIGH THROUGHPUT RNA INTERFERENCE BASED SCREEN FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF GENES IMPLICATED IN LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES INFECTION By Student: Asongwe Lionel Ateh Tantoh Student number: TNTASO001 Thesis Presented for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Department of Medicine UNIVERSITYTown OF CAPE TOWN FEBRUARY 2014 SupervisorsCape of Prof. FRANK BROMBACHER Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine & International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) University of Cape Town Medical School. 7925 University Dr. NEIL EMANS Persomics (PTY) LTD, Barinor’s Vineyards North. The vineyards office Etate, 99 Jip de Jager. 7530 The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgementTown of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Cape Published by the University ofof Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University DEDICATION This thesis is primarily dedicated to the Almighty God for the strength, comfort, protection and the uncounted blessings He showered upon my feeble shoulders during this period. This thesis is also dedicated to my parents; Monica Mangwi Tantoh and Sylvester Tantoh who through their relentless moral support, incredible motivation and inspiration and financial support, I was able to accomplish this difficult journey. Also, this thesis is dedicated to my late grandmother mama Beatrice Nanga Asongwe, who once said to me, “Life is a battlefield and as long as we are alive, we have to keep fighting”. Finally, I dedicate this thesis to my siblings, Doris, Clarisse, Valerie, Ferdinand, Jervis, Kelly, Ateh and to my nephew and nieces Lionel, Pashukeni, Titi and Ngwe for all the joy they brought into my life during this period. -
Process Applications of Phase Fluorometric Oxygen Analyzers
PROCESS APPLICATIONS OF A PHASE FLUOROMETRIC OXYGEN ANALYZER Phil Harris Melvin Thweatt HariTec Barben Analyzer Technology KEYWORDS Fluorometry, Fluorescence Quenching, Oxygen Sensing, Optical Sensors, Fiber-optics ABSTRACT The operational characteristics, performance and applications of a phase fluorometric oxygen analyzer are presented. The analyzer measures the quenched fluorescence of an oxygen-sensitive ruthenium complex, which is embedded in a porous sol-gel or silicone matrix. The fluorescence lifetime is related to the oxygen concentration via the Stern-Volmer equations. The result is an extremely sensitive and specific fiber-optic oxygen sensor that is applicable to gas phase analysis as well as the measurement of dissolved oxygen in aqueous systems. Applications range from ppm oxygen measurements in hydrocarbon streams to ppb aqueous measurements to percent levels of oxygen in stack gas. INTRODUCTION Oxygen is the most prevalent element in the Earth’s crust, is fundamental to life as we know it, and is one of the prerequisites for chemical combustion. The measurement of oxygen concentration is of value to many industrial process applications, as well as in environmental monitoring of both gases and liquids. This has resulted in oxygen being one of the most commonly measured chemical species, and understandably the measurement of oxygen represents a substantial component of the process analyzer market. Oxygen is often used as a reactant in many chemical processes, and the amount of excess oxygen must often be carefully controlled. In some cases, such as in stack gas incineration, the control is “loose” in that assurance there is excess oxygen available for the incinerator to operate correctly is all that is needed. -
Virus-Based Nanoparticles for Cancer Drug Delivery
VIRUS-BASED NANOPARTICLES FOR CANCER DRUG DELIVERY By ANNA ELIZABETH CZAPAR Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Advisor: Dr. Nicole F. Steinmetz Department of Pathology CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY August 2017 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the thesis/dissertation of Anna Elizabeth Czapar candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree*. (signed) George Dubyak, PhD (chair of the committee) Analisa DiFeo, PhD James Anderson, MD, PhD Clive Hamlin, PhD Nicole F. Steinmetz, PhD (date) April 21, 2017 *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. i Table of Contents List of Tables…..………………………………………………….………………...…...vi List of Figures…………………………………………………......................................vii Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………............x List of Abbreviations…………………………………………………………………...xii Abstract……………………………………………………………………....................xvi Chapter 1:Introduction………………………………………….....................................1 1.1 Introduction…………………………………………..........................................................1 1.2 Drug delivery………………………………………….......................................................4 1.3 Gene therapy…………………………………………........................................................8 1.4 Immunotherapies and vaccines………………………………………….......................10 1.5 Conclusions…………………………………………........................................................14 1.6 Work cited -
DNA-Binding and Cytotoxicity of Copper(I) Complexes Containing Functionalized Dipyridylphenazine Ligands
pharmaceutics Article DNA-Binding and Cytotoxicity of Copper(I) Complexes Containing Functionalized Dipyridylphenazine Ligands Sammar Alsaedi 1, Bandar A. Babgi 1,* , Magda H. Abdellattif 2 , Muhammad N. Arshad 3 , Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas 4 , Mariusz Jaremko 5, Mark G. Humphrey 6 , Abdullah M. Asiri 1,3 and Mostafa A. Hussien 1,7 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] (S.A.); [email protected] (A.M.A.); [email protected] (M.A.H.) 2 Chemistry Department, Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Sciences, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 3 Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 4 Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 5 Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 6 Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; [email protected] Citation: Alsaedi, S.; Babgi, B.A.; 7 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt Abdellattif, M.H.; Arshad, M.N.; * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +966-555563702 Emwas, A.-H.M.; Jaremko, M.; Humphrey, M.G.; Asiri, A.M.; Abstract: A set of copper(I) coordination compounds with general formula [CuBr(PPh3)(dppz-R)] Hussien, M.A. -
Seventy Years
ScienceScope SCIENCESCOPE | VOLUME 8 | NUMBER 2 OF 2015 SOUTH AFRICA’S COUNCILFORSCIENTIFICANDINDUSTRIALRESEARCH SOUTH AFRICA’S OFTHECSIR|VOLUME8NUMBER2 PUBLICATION 1959 1962 1963 1965 1967 SEVENTY YEARS 1970 1979 1981 1982 1997 1999 2001 WORK IDEAS THAT 2003 2009 OF 2 IN TE 2015 RN A T I O N A L Y E A R O F L I G H 15 T CSIR UNITS > CSIR Biosciences Pretoria 012 841-3260 > CSIR Built Environment Pretoria 012 841-3871 Stellenbosch 021 888-2508 > CSIR Defence, Peace, Safety and Security Pretoria 012 841-2780 > CSIR Materials Science and Manufacturing Pretoria 012 841-4392 Cover artwork: Sizakele Shingange Johannesburg 011 482-1300 Port Elizabeth 042 508-3200 Cape Town 021 685-4329 > CSIR Meraka Institute Pretoria 012 841-3028 Cape Town (Centre for High Performance Computing) 021 658-2740 > CSIR Modelling and Digital Science Pretoria 012 841-3298 > CSIR National Laser Centre Pretoria 012 841-4188 > CSIR Natural Resources and the Environment Pretoria 012 841-4005 Stellenbosch 021 658-2766 Durban 031 242-2300 Pietermaritzburg 033 260-5446 Nelspruit 013 759-8036 > CSIR Implementation Unit Pretoria 012 841 3332 Stellenbosch 021 658 6582/2776 Cape Town 021 658 2761 Port Elizabeth 041 508 3220 Durban 031 242 2441/2300/2393 Cottesloe 011 482 1300 Kloppersbos 012 841 2247 Compiled by CSIR Strategic Communication [email protected] Photography Kaimara Shutterstock Printed on Hansol Hi Q TitanTM art paper. Manufactured from TCF (Totally Chlorine Design and production Free) and ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) pulp. Only wood from sustainable forests Creative Vision – 082 338 3742 is used. -
Disruptive Approaches to Accelerate Drug Discovery and Development
Business Dis rupti ve approac hes to acce lerate drug disco very and develop ment part 1: tools, tec hnolo gies and t he c ore model Tesla intends to implement and practise an ‘open source’ philosophy to its large patent portfolio and claims it would not pursue any legal action against anyone using them in good faith. This is a hard pill to swallow for the industry at-large. But, the pharmaceutical industry ought to seriously consider such an inclusive strategy to enhance the pace of drug discovery and development for the benefit of humanity’s welfare. he staggering failure rate of experimental content; Alibaba, the world’s most valuable retail - By Ibis Sánchez- drugs in clinical trials indicates that er owns no inventory; and Airbnb, the world’s Serrano, T despite huge investments in novel tech - largest hotelier, owns no real estate. Most recently, Dr Tom Pfeifer nologies, productivity gains in the pharmaceutical three large US corporations, Amazon, Berkshire and Dr Rathnam industry remain elusive. The pharmaceutical Hathaway and JPMorgan Chase, have announced Chaguturu industry is facing a serious innovation deficit. The the formation of an independent healthcare com - current biopharma model is therefore unsustain - pany for their employees in the United States to able and disruptive approaches are needed to rem - deal with the soaring cost of health insurance pre - edy the status quo. It is incumbent upon the miums and pharmaceuticals. In ‘The Evolution of biomedical research community to harness the collective intelligence of pharma, biotech, academia, governmental agencies, non-profit research foundations and patient advocacy groups “Tesla Motors was created to accelerate the advent of to accelerate innovation. -
Register by June 12 and Save up to $600
REGISTER BY JUNE 12 AND SAVE UP TO $600 Organized by Cambridge Healthtech The Industry’s Preeminent Event on Novel Drug Targets Institute 13th Annual September 21-24, 2015 Westin Boston Waterfront | Boston, MA SEPTEMBER 22 - 23 SEPTEMBER 23 - 24 n Targeting Epigenetic Readers and Chromatin Remodelers n Targeting Histone Methyltransferases and Demethylases n Targeting the Ubiquitin Proteasome System n Targeting the Unfolded Protein Response n Targeting the Microbiome n Kinase Inhibitor Discovery n GPCR-Based Drug Discovery - Part 1 n GPCR-Based Drug Discovery - Part 2 n Antibodies Against Membrane Protein Targets - Part 1 n Antibodies Against Membrane Protein Targets - Part 2 n RNAi for Functional Genomics Screening n New Frontiers in Gene Editing n Gene Therapy Breakthroughs n Quantitative Systems Pharmacology n Targeting Ocular Disorders SYMPOSIA Plenary Session Speakers SEPTEMBER 21 PLENARY KEYNOTE INTRODUCTION: Comprehensive Sponsored by n Next-Generation Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Kinase and Epigenetic Compound Profiling n Strategies for Rare Diseases Kelvin Lam, Ph.D. SEPTEMBER 22 Director, Strategic Partnerships, Reaction Biology Corporation n Developing CRISPR-Based Therapies iPS Cell Technology, Gene Editing and Disease Research EVENT FEATURES Rudolf Jaenisch, M.D. Founding Member, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research; n 15 Conferences n 15 Short Courses Professor, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology n 3 Symposia n 65 Exhibitors n 130+ Posters n Plenary Keynote Speakers The Evolutionary Dynamics and Treatment of Cancer Martin Nowak, Ph.D., M.Sc. n 40+ Interactive Breakout Discussion Groups Professor, Biology and Mathematics and Director, Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Harvard University DiscoveryOnTarget.com PREMIER SPONSORS CONFERENCE-AT-A-GLANCE *Separate registration required for Short Courses and Symposia Monday Tuesday - Wednesday a.m.