DOCSLIB.ORG

Hkmets Bulletin, Volume 1, Number 1, 1991

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hkmets Bulletin, Volume 1, Number 1, 1991 HKMetS BULLETIN, Volume 1, Number " 1991 HONG KONG METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY About the cover The cover picture shows a G.M.S. colour enhanced picture of Typhoon Yancy around noon on 18th August, 1990, the hottest day ever recorded in Hong Kong The Hong Kong Meteorological Society EDITOR-in-CHIEP Bulletin is the official organ of the Society. devoted to editorials, news, Bill Kyle articles, activities and announce­ ments of the Society. EDITORIAL BOARD Members are encouraged to send art­ cles, media items or information for Johnny C.L. Chan publication in the Bulletin. For guid­ Edwin S.T. Lai ance please see "INFORMATION Andrew Lockert FOR CONTRIBUTORS" in the inside Glenn McGregor back cover. The Bulletin is copyright. Penniss­ Views expressed in articles or ion to use figures, tables, and brief correspondence are those of extracts from this publication in of the writers and do not necess­ scientific and educational work is represent those of the Society. hereby granted provided that the The mention of specific products source is properly acknowledged. or companies does not imply Any other use of material requires endorsement by the Hong Kong the written permission of the Hong Meteorological Society in pref­ Kong Meteorological Society. erence to others which are not mentioned. Published by ~ The Hong Kong Meteorological Society c/o Royal Observatory, 134A Nathan Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong. HKMetS BULLETIN, Vol. 7, Number 7, 7997 HONG KONG METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY BULLETIN CONTENTS Editorial 2 Research in the atmospheric sciences in Hong Kong - a proposed agenda 3 Johnny c.L. Chan "SPECTRUM" : typhoons under critical examination 7 c.Y. Lam Storm period variation of rainfall pH: the example of Typhoon Brenda, May 1989 10 Mervyn R. Peart An analysis of tide gauge and storm surge data in Hong Kong 16 Wyss W.S. Yim News and Announcements 24 Correspondence 26 Hong Kong Weather Reviews 27 Meeting Reviews 36 Calendar of Coming Events 41 Editorial On the special occasion of the inaugural issue 4 Society. With this in mind an Editorial Board the Hong Kong Meteorological Society Bulletin the Editori­ was formed and after a considerable gestation al Board has invited Mr. P. Sham, foun ding Chairman of period produced the "new baby" which you are the Hong Kong Meteorological Society, to write this first now holding. Editorial. As founding Chairman of the Society it gives me great pleasure to write this inaugural Editorial. A glance at the contents page of this first issue will provide you with a good idea of the range of material which the Editorial Any new venture, whether it be a new Board hopes to include in forthcoming issues of job, a move to a new home, or even a new the Bulletin. The publication of articles which hobby presents opportunities as well as risks. serve to inform members of progress being The satisfaction which one derives from suc­ made in the profession is clearly of great cessful p art ic ip at ion in such ventures often importance but the capability to act as a forum stems from the way in which we handle these for members views and as a vehicle for news two complementary attributes. You are now and reviews of Society activities is also seen to reading the first issue of the latest venture by be of considerable value. the Hong Kong Meteorological Society. The level of satisfaction which you express with the The Editorial Board recognizes, finished product will be a measure of how however. that not all our members are profes­ successfully the Editorial Board has balanced sional meteorologists and so they need to ascer­ the opportunities and risks associated with its tain what your interests and needs are. They production. are aware that a reader's trust and respect must be earned and fully intend to do their The Society itself is a new venture. part. You can help them by turning the rela­ being registered in accordance with the provi­ tionship into a dialogue. Let them know what sions of Section 5 of the Societies Ordinance you think of the Bulletin, what you want most just over two years ago, and holding its inau­ to see on our pages. Like you, they are eager gural meeting in March 1989. It has had to listen and learn, to make each issue better moderate success in its first two years of exist­ and more responsive to the needs and aspira­ ence with the growth in membership being tions of members than the previous one. better than expected. The Executive Commit­ tee feels that this has been achieved by sustain­ I hope that you find this first issue of ing the interests of members by the variety of the Bulletin interesting and informative and, activities organized throughout the year. through your continued support. the harbinger These have included a Special Topics Lecture of many successful issues to come. Series, three Research Forums , and a Puhl ic Lecture Series. However, it has been felt for some time that it was essential for the Society • to publish a regular magazine devoted to news. - articles, activities and announcements of the Mr. P. Sham. Chairman 2 flKMeJS BULLETIN Vol. I, No. I, 1991 Johnny C.L. Chan Department ofApplied Science City Polytechnic ofHong Kong Research in the atmospheric sciences in Hong Kong - a proposed agenda ing on research problems related to atmospheric science. Introduction This paper discusses a number of impor­ tant topics in atmospheric science wh ich are Research in the atmospheric sciences in Hong likely to be of interest to local scientists and Kong probably started towards the end of the last proposes the type of research that could be car­ century after the Royal Observatory (RO) was ried out. It is hoped that such discussion can established (Royal Observatory, 1989). Although generate more ideas so that research in the some occasional collaboration does take place atmospheric sciences in Hong Kong can continue between the RO and local or overseas institutes, to grow and eventually become respectable in the most of the research has been performed at the international community. RO. This situation has arisen because local ter­ tiary institutes do not have departments special iz­ Hong Kong, situated near the Tropic of ing in atmospheric science. This is a conse­ Cancer, is intluenced by weather both from the quence of the fact that the RO has been the only tropics and the mid-latitudes. Research in place where such graduates could go but its weather phenomena affecting Hong Kong yearly intake of these graduates was too small should therefore he divided into these two to justify setting up departments with this categories. However, such a division is not so special ity. clear-cut at times. For example, the severity of a cold surge can be influenced by the approach of a However, the situation has heen slowly typhoon te.g.. Chan. 1988a) while the track of a changing during the last few years. Concerns typhoon can also he modified by a cold surge over the environment and cl imatic change have (e.g., Chan, 1988h). Therefore, in the following led to increased research in these areas in the sections, the issues are grouped according to the tertiary institutes by scientists of related disci­ time scales of the weather phenomena. The first plines. Consultant companies dealing with envi­ section discusses the problem of nowcasting. The ronmental problems have also mushroomed. applicability of current numerical-weather-predic­ Graduates with knowledge in atmospheric or tion (NWP) models to medium-range forecasting environmental sciences can find employment in is then addressed. Because of their overwhelm­ these companies or even form their own! ing importance to Hong Kong, tropical cyclones Academic departments which provide training in are separately discussed in the section after that. these areas are also being set up in some local The hot topic of long-range weather forecasting tertiary institutes. At the same time, conservative and climatic change is discussed next and finally, budgeting by the government has limited the a summary is presented. amount of resources available for its departments to carry out research and development work. Thus, research in the atmospheric sciences in Nowcasting Hong Kong appears to be taking on a new dimen­ sion. Cooperative research projects hetween the RO (and possibly other government departments) Nowcasting (or sometimes referred to as very­ and local tertiary institutes are on the increase. short-range forecasting) is usually defined as More scientists in these institutes are also work- forecasting of weather with a time-scale of 0 to 6 JJKMelS BULLETIN, Vol. 1, No.1, 1991 3 hours. Tropical convective systems can be con­ (Chan, 1989) or global numerical models (Chan, sidered as the most important phenomenon in this 1988a). While improvements on the regional category as far as Hong Kong is concerned. model of the RO continue to be made (Chan, These systems, which have spatial scales of 20 to 1989), the performance of these regional and 200 km (the meso-beta scale as defined by Orlan­ global models under different situations should be ski, 1975), can develop within a couple of hours analyzed. That is, questions such as "when and produce copious amounts of rain due to the should I believe the predictions from this model" high mixing ratio of the tropical atmosphere. need to be answered. Methods to predict the Mesoscale convective elements developed within forecasting skill of numerical models have been rainbands of tropical cyclones also fall in this developed (e.g., Leslie and Holland, 1990) and category. could be appl ied , This type of research is not necessarily of a purely operational nature. To be able to predict the development Analyses of the model performance can provide of these meso-beta convective systems, one clues as to how a model can be improved.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Coin Cart Schedule (From 2014 to 2020) Service Hours: 10 A.M
    Coin Cart Schedule (From 2014 to 2020) Service hours: 10 a.m. to 7 p.m. (* denotes LCSD mobile library service locations) Date Coin Cart No. 1 Coin Cart No. 2 2014 6 Oct (Mon) to Kwun Tong District Kwun Tong District 12 Oct (Sun) Upper Ngau Tau Kok Estate Piazza Upper Ngau Tau Kok Estate Piazza 13 Oct (Mon) to Yuen Long District Tuen Mun District 19 Oct (Sun) Ching Yuet House, Tin Ching Estate, Tin Yin Tai House, Fu Tai Estate Shui Wai * 20 Oct (Mon) to North District Tai Po District 26 Oct (Sun) Wah Min House, Wah Sum Estate, Kwong Yau House, Kwong Fuk Estate * Fanling * (Service suspended on Tuesday 21 October) 27 Oct (Mon) to Wong Tai Sin District Sham Shui Po District 2 Nov (Sun) Ngan Fung House, Fung Tak Estate, Fu Wong House, Fu Cheong Estate * Diamond Hill * (Service suspended on Friday 31 October) (Service suspended on Saturday 1 November) 3 Nov (Mon) to Eastern District Wan Chai District 9 Nov (Sun) Oi Yuk House, Oi Tung Estate, Shau Kei Lay-by outside Causeway Centre, Harbour Wan * Drive (Service suspended on Thursday 6 (opposite to Sun Hung Kai Centre) November) 10 Nov (Mon) to Kwai Tsing District Islands District 16 Nov (Sun) Ching Wai House, Cheung Ching Estate, Ying Yat House, Yat Tung Estate, Tung Tsing Yi * Chung * (Service suspended on Monday 10 November and Wednesday 12 November) 17 Nov (Mon) to Kwun Tong District Sai Kung District 23 Nov (Sun) Tsui Ying House, Tak Chak House, Tsui Ping (South) Estate * Hau Tak Estate, Tseung Kwan O * (Service suspended on Tuesday 18 November) 24 Nov (Mon) to Sha Tin District Tsuen Wan
    [Show full text]
  • P1.24 a Typhoon Loss Estimation Model for China
    P1.24 A TYPHOON LOSS ESTIMATION MODEL FOR CHINA Peter J. Sousounis*, H. He, M. L. Healy, V. K. Jain, G. Ljung, Y. Qu, and B. Shen-Tu AIR Worldwide Corporation, Boston, MA 1. INTRODUCTION the two. Because of its wind intensity (135 mph maximum sustained winds), it has been Nowhere 1 else in the world do tropical compared to Hurricane Katrina 2005. But Saomai cyclones (TCs) develop more frequently than in was short lived, and although it made landfall as the Northwest Pacific Basin. Nearly thirty TCs are a strong Category 4 storm and generated heavy spawned each year, 20 of which reach hurricane precipitation, it weakened quickly. Still, economic or typhoon status (cf. Fig. 1). Five of these reach losses were ~12 B RMB (~1.5 B USD). In super typhoon status, with windspeeds over 130 contrast, Bilis, which made landfall a month kts. In contrast, the North Atlantic typically earlier just south of where Saomai hit, was generates only ten TCs, seven of which reach actually only tropical storm strength at landfall hurricane status. with max sustained winds of 70 mph. Bilis weakened further still upon landfall but turned Additionally, there is no other country in the southwest and traveled slowly over a period of world where TCs strike with more frequency than five days across Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi in China. Nearly ten landfalling TCs occur in a and Yunnan Provinces. It generated copious typical year, with one to two additional by-passing amounts of precipitation, with large areas storms coming close enough to the coast to receiving more than 300 mm.
    [Show full text]
  • The Globalization of Chinese Food ANTHROPOLOGY of ASIA SERIES Series Editor: Grant Evans, University Ofhong Kong
    The Globalization of Chinese Food ANTHROPOLOGY OF ASIA SERIES Series Editor: Grant Evans, University ofHong Kong Asia today is one ofthe most dynamic regions ofthe world. The previously predominant image of 'timeless peasants' has given way to the image of fast-paced business people, mass consumerism and high-rise urban conglomerations. Yet much discourse remains entrenched in the polarities of 'East vs. West', 'Tradition vs. Change'. This series hopes to provide a forum for anthropological studies which break with such polarities. It will publish titles dealing with cosmopolitanism, cultural identity, representa­ tions, arts and performance. The complexities of urban Asia, its elites, its political rituals, and its families will also be explored. Dangerous Blood, Refined Souls Death Rituals among the Chinese in Singapore Tong Chee Kiong Folk Art Potters ofJapan Beyond an Anthropology of Aesthetics Brian Moeran Hong Kong The Anthropology of a Chinese Metropolis Edited by Grant Evans and Maria Tam Anthropology and Colonialism in Asia and Oceania Jan van Bremen and Akitoshi Shimizu Japanese Bosses, Chinese Workers Power and Control in a Hong Kong Megastore WOng Heung wah The Legend ofthe Golden Boat Regulation, Trade and Traders in the Borderlands of Laos, Thailand, China and Burma Andrew walker Cultural Crisis and Social Memory Politics of the Past in the Thai World Edited by Shigeharu Tanabe and Charles R Keyes The Globalization of Chinese Food Edited by David Y. H. Wu and Sidney C. H. Cheung The Globalization of Chinese Food Edited by David Y. H. Wu and Sidney C. H. Cheung UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I PRESS HONOLULU Editorial Matter © 2002 David Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Ud5020-October-2020.Pdf
    2 | | UD5020 UD5020 | | 3 DISTRICT COUNCIL OFFICERS 2020-2021 GOVERNOR Greg Horn (Lakewood) UNITE - It is all about serving [email protected] Highlighting inspirational news and successes CHIEF OF STAFF Mary Horn (Lakewood) to UNITE Rotarians with a common mission [email protected] within District 5020. COUNCIL CHAIR Caleb Summerfelt (Gateway) [email protected] GOVERNOR ELECT Lorna Curtis (Oak Bay) Caleb Summerfelt [email protected] Gateway Rotary UD5020 EDITOR GOVERNOR NOMINEE Dale Roberts (Comox Valley) [email protected] IMMEDIATE PAST GOVERNOR Maureen Fritz-Roberts (Comox) [email protected] SECRETARY Judith Marriott (Courtenay) [email protected] TREASURER Roan Blacker (Bainbridge Island) [email protected] ON THE COVER Rotary Club of Ladysmith, Celebrating 50 Years of Service - Forrest Field All Access Walking Trail: Paul Williams (left) Brian King (front middle) and Suzanne Otterson (right). 4 | | UD5020 UD5020 | | 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS DISTRICT 5020 CLUB NEWS ON THE COVER ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 3 FEATURE ARTICLES 20 YEARS OF PREPAREDNESS: HURRICANE THANK YOU, GOVERNOR HORN ......................................... 66 SEASON IS HERE ����������������������������������������������������������������� 38 BY JEFF HARRIS OCTOBER GOVERNORS MESSAGE ....................................... 6 BY ALLISON KINGSTON BY GREG HORN GIG HARBOR MIDDAY SOUP & SANDWICH DRIVE ............ 68 DROP INTO THE DREAM ������������������������������������������������������ 40
    [Show full text]
  • A Summary of Palau's Typhoon History 1945-2013
    A Summary of Palau’s Typhoon History 1945-2013 Coral Reef Research Foundation, Palau Dec, 2014 © Coral Reef Research Foundation 2014 Suggested citation: Coral Reef Research Foundation, 2014. A Summary of Palau’s Typhoon History. Technical Report, 17pp. www.coralreefpalau.org Additions and suggestions welcome. Please email: [email protected] 2 Summary: Since 1945 Palau has had 68 recorded typhoons, tropical storms or tropical depressions come within 200 nmi of its islands or reefs. At their nearest point to Palau, 20 of these were typhoon strength with winds ≥64kts, or an average of 1 typhoon every 3 years. November and December had the highest number of significant storms; July had none over 40 kts and August had no recorded storms. Data Compilation: Storms within 200 nmi (nautical miles) of Palau were identified from the Digital Typhoon, National Institute of Informatics, Japan web site (http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/digital- typhoon/reference/besttrack.html.en). The storm tracks and intensities were then obtained from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) (https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/en/JTWC/). Three storm categories were used following the JTWC: Tropical Depression, winds ≤ 33 kts; Tropical Storm, winds 34-63 kts; Typhoon ≥64kts. All track data was from the JTWC archives. Tracks were plotted on Google Earth and the nearest distance to land or reef, and bearing from Palau, were measured; maximum sustained wind speed in knots (nautical miles/hr) at that point was recorded. Typhoon names were taken from the Digital Typhoon site, but typhoon numbers for the same typhoon were from the JTWC archives.
    [Show full text]
  • Detail Response to Referee #1 (Anonymous) in the Following Letter, Each Comment by Referee #1 in Black Is Followed by Our Replies in Red
    Detail response to Referee #1 (anonymous) In the following letter, each comment by Referee #1 in black is followed by our replies in red. This paper proposes an assessment of the risk of coastal flooding and submersion by waves in one of the Palau islands surrounded by a coral reef in 2100, in a context of climate change. The study is certainly of interest, the study is rather comprehensive, well conducted and the paper is concise, clear and well written. The objectives of the paper are clearly exposed and the conclusions correspond to these objectives. We are grateful to you that you review. I have however two main concerns, that in my opinion prevent the acceptance of the paper in its present state: 1- The authors state that their first objective is to assess the present-day efficiency of the Palau coral reef as wave breaker and natural barrier against water level rise during a tropical cyclone (TC). They give (from what I understand) the corresponding figures obtained from a numerical hydrodynamic modeling, using as forgings the outer wave significant height (SWHo), the outer significant wave period, and the outer water level. These forcings are taken from a GFS simulation and observations of SWH in similar conditions. The percent of reduction of wave height due to the reef is 85.7% (87.9%) with (without) storm surge. As these values are used as a reference in the projective part of the paper, it would be relevant to confirm them (at least at first order) using observations. Recent TCs (Bopha and Haiyan) hit Palau, and it is may be possible to find even crude observations of (outer) SWHo and (reef) SWHr to check either the value of SWHr or the percentage of reduction (Table1).
    [Show full text]
  • Help Families Affected by Typhoon Nina (Nock-Ten) Despite Typhoon
    Help Families Affected by Typhoon Nina (Nock-ten) Despite typhoon Nina (Nock-ten) being downgraded to a severe tropical storm as it leaves the country, families in central Philippines will still need assistance following the damage to their homes and sources of income. “Clearing operations have started in the different parts of Camarines. While traveling to Naga City, we saw families leaving evacuation centres to head back home to gauge the damage caused to their property,” says Maricel Francia, World Vision‟s Programme Officer based in Camarines Norte. World Vision emergency response teams in the Bicol region have been constantly coordinating with local government units since yesterday, December 26 to determine the immediate need of the affected population and the extent of damages to infrastructure and property. World Vision‟s rapid assessment team of staff skilled in emergency response management, child protection, health and nutrition and documentation is now heading to Bicol region from Manila, to reinforce WV staff on the ground. According to the national disaster risk reduction and management council (NDRRMC), about 25,000 families, with around 81% coming from the Bicol region, were affected by typhoon Nina (international name: Nock-ten). Officials have declared a „state of calamity‟ in the provinces of Catanduanes, Camarines Sur and Albay. Six casualties have been reported. As of December 27, 13 road sections and three bridges in regions II, MIMAROPA, V and VII are still not passable while 114 areas are experiencing power cuts since December 25. “Our main focus is on assessing the immediate needs of families and communities, especially the children displaced by the typhoon.
    [Show full text]
  • Wong Tai Sin District(Open in New Window)
    District : Wong Tai Sin Recommended District Council Constituency Areas +/- % of Population Estimated Quota Code Recommended Name Boundary Description Major Estates/Areas Population (17,194) H01 Lung Tsui 15,391 -10.49% N Lung Cheung Road 1. LOWER WONG TAI SIN (II) ESTATE (PART) : NE Po Kong Village Road Lung Chi House E Po Kong Village Road Lung Fai House SE Choi Hung Road Lung Gut House Lung Hing House S Shatin Pass Road, Tung Tau Tsuen Road Lung Kwong House SW Ching Tak Street Lung Lok House Lung On House W Ching Tak Street Lung Shing House NW Ching Tak Street, Lung Cheung Road Lung Wai House 2. WONG TAI SIN DISCIPLINED SERVICES QUARTERS H02 Lung Kai 18,003 +4.71% N Tung Tau Tsuen Road 1. KAI TAK GARDEN 2. LOWER WONG TAI SIN (I) ESTATE NE Shatin Pass Road E Choi Hung Road, Shatin Pass Road SE Choi Hung Road S Choi Hung Road, Tai Shing Street SW Tai Shing Street W Tung Tau Tsuen Road NW Tung Tau Tsuen Road H1 District : Wong Tai Sin Recommended District Council Constituency Areas +/- % of Population Estimated Quota Code Recommended Name Boundary Description Major Estates/Areas Population (17,194) H03 Lung Sheung 20,918 +21.66% N Ngan Chuk Lane 1. LOWER WONG TAI SIN (II) ESTATE (PART) : NE Nga Chuk Street, Wong Tai Sin Road Lung Cheung House E Shatin Pass Road, Ying Fung Lane Lung Fook House SE Ching Tak Street, Lung Cheung Road Lung Hei House Lung Moon House S Fung Mo Street, Tung Tau Tsuen Road Lung Tai House SW Fung Mo Street Lung Wo House 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Surge Practices
    TYPHOON NOCK TEN - THE PHILIPPINES REVIEW OF SURGE PRACTICES TRANSFORMING SURGE CAPACITY PROJECT START NETWORK SURGE RESEARCH TEAM: LOIS AUSTIN, SARAH GROSSO AND GLENN O’NEIL DECEMBER 2017 TRANSFORMING SURGE CAPACITY 2 PROJECT Acknowledgements The research team would like to express its appreciation to the international, regional and national platforms of the Surge Capacity Project and the Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability (CHS) Alliance for their support. Particular thanks to the Philippines platform and the Nock Ten learning report authors, Ana Marie Dizon and Mary Joy Gonzales. The team found the feedback and information provided by all project member agencies and their local partners very useful. Thanks also to the UK Department for International Development for funding the project that covers this research. About the authors This research is the work of Lois Austin, Sarah Grosso and Glenn O’Neil, who have extensive experience in the humanitarian and development sectors. The team has significant experience in research, managing surge responses and serving as part of surge teams. Lois Austin: Lois has worked for 20 years in the humanitarian field, serving in a broad range of field-based and headquarters positions. Lois has managed and provided technical inputs into wide-ranging assistance, protection and recovery programmes for vulnerable populations in a number of complex and often fluctuating environments in: the Balkans; the North and South Caucasus; the Middle East; Afghanistan; Asia and throughout Africa. Lois’ field and headquarters experience has formed the basis for a solid understanding of humanitarian issues, including approaches to surge response, from both policy and operational perspectives.
    [Show full text]
  • Member Report (Malaysia)
    MEMBER REPORT (MALAYSIA) ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee 15th Integrated Workshop Video Conference 1-2 December 2020 Organised by Viet Nam Table of Contents I. Overview of tropical cyclones which have affected/impacted Malaysia in 2020 1. Meteorological Assessment (highlighting forecasting issues/impacts) 2. Hydrological Assessment (highlighting water-related issues/impact) (a) Flash flood in Kajang & Kuala Lumpur in July and September 2020 (b) Enhancement of Hydrological Data Management for DID Malaysia (c) Hydrological Instrumentation Updates for Malaysia (d) Drought Monitoring Updates 3. Socio-Economic Assessment (highlighting socio-economic and DRR issues/impacts) 4. Regional Cooperation Assessment (highlighting regional cooperation successes and challenges) II. Summary of progress in Priorities supporting Key Result Areas 1. Annual Operating Plan (AOP) for Working Group of Meteorology [AOP4: Radar Integrated Nowcasting System (RaINS)] 2. Annual Operating Plan (AOP) for Working Group of Hydrology (AOP2, AOP4, AOP5, AOP6) 3. The Government of Malaysia’s Commitment Towards Supporting the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction I. Overview of tropical cyclones which have affected/impacted Malaysia in 2020 1. Meteorological Assessment (highlighting forecasting issues/impacts) During the period of 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020, 27 tropical cyclones (TCs) formed over the Western Pacific Ocean, the Philippines waters as well as the South China Sea. Eight of the TCs entered the area of responsibility of the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MET Malaysia) as shown in Figure 1. The TCs, which consisted of seven typhoons and a tropical storm that required the issuance of strong winds and rough seas warnings over the marine regions under the responsibility of MET Malaysia, are listed in Table 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Preparing for a Changing Climate
    CHAPTER ONE— INTRODUCTION History of the Assessment the box below). Such research includes long-term monitor- ing of greenhouse gases at sites like Mauna Loa in Hawai‘i; studies of the regional and global influence of Pacific “The impacts of the 1997–1998 El Niño are ocean-atmosphere processes such as ENSO; and studies of fresh in our minds, and the latest reports from the ocean’s role in the carbon cycle, as well as the region’s the work of the Intergovernmental Panel on significance in terms of biodiversity and endangered Climate Change (IPCC) confirm what all of you species. already know— changes in climate matter to individuals, communities, businesses and Finally, the Pacific Assessment was an effort to build on the governments who call islands home. Your valuable natural resources, traditional ways of leadership of the Pacific Region in establishing and sustaining a critical dialogue on climate variability and life, critical economic sectors, community support change among scientists, businesses, governments and infrastructure, and, to a great extent, your future, depend on developing an effective community leaders. Elements of this dialogue include the role of Pacific Island governments and regional organiza- response to the challenges presented by climate tions in raising international awareness of the potential variability and change.” (Morrison, 2000) consequences of climate change, as well as the success of innovative programs like the Pacific ENSO Applications With these words, Dr. Charles Morrison, President of the Center (PEAC), which is designed to facilitate use of East-West Center, welcomed participants to the “Workshop emerging climate forecasting capabilities to support on Climate and Island Coastal Communities” convened in decision-making.
    [Show full text]
  • Mariner's Guide for Hurricane Awareness
    Mariner’s Guide For Hurricane Awareness In The North Atlantic Basin Eric J. Holweg [email protected] Meteorologist Tropical Analysis and Forecast Branch Tropical Prediction Center National Weather Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration August 2000 Internet Sites with Weather and Communications Information Of Interest To The Mariner NOAA home page: http://www.noaa.gov NWS home page: http://www.nws.noaa.gov NWS marine dissemination page: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/marine/home.htm NWS marine text products: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/marine/forecast.htm NWS radio facsmile/marine charts: http://weather.noaa.gov/fax/marine.shtml NWS publications: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/nwspub.htm NOAA Data Buoy Center: http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov NOAA Weather Radio: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/nwr National Ocean Service (NOS): http://co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/ NOS Tide data: http://tidesonline.nos.noaa.gov/ USCG Navigation Center: http://www.navcen.uscg.mil Tropical Prediction Center: http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/ High Seas Forecasts and Charts: http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/forecast.html Marine Prediction Center: http://www.mpc.ncep.noaa.gov SST & Gulfstream: http://www4.nlmoc.navy.mil/data/oceans/gulfstream.html Hurricane Preparedness & Tracks: http://www.fema.gov/fema/trop.htm Time Zone Conversions: http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/zones.html Table of Contents Introduction and Purpose ................................................................................................................... 1 Disclaimer ...........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]