Executive Summary Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Background

Commissioning for outcomes In 2014 Te Pou Matakana (TPM) became the Whānau Ora commissioning agency for the North Island. The first task that TPM was charged with was to develop a commissioning for outcomes framework to underpin all its commissioning activities.

There were four key principles articulated by Te Pou Matakana (TPM) in its commissioning for outcomes framework, which provided direction for how the needs assessment programme was developed. These four principles were: 1) Exploring needs and assets to build a picture of what works and current strengths, as well as examining what support maybe required, using a range of methods to develop insights and apply these during the commissioning process. 2) Promoting innovation by way of moving away from over-specified services and asking providers and Whānau to come up with activities and ideas to achieve their own outcomes. 3) Having co-production at the heart of commissioning – supporting providers to co-produce their services. 4) An iterative and adaptive approach – requiring continuous reflection, evaluation and flexibility for services to adapt to the interests, needs and assets of Whānau.

As a result of these principles, Te Pou Matakana is embarking on a new way of undertaking a needs assessment process.

Needs assessment approach Te Pou Matakana will use a Kaupapa Māori framework which includes the over-arching themes of Whakapiri (Engagement), Whakamarama (Enlightenment), and Whakamana (Empowerment). As a result the needs assessment programme will support communities to develop their own capacity and capability, to collect their own information/data to assess, identify, monitor, and evaluate the needs of their own whānau. Furthermore, the process will support communities and whānau along the way to define and monitor their goals and outcomes, and decide on their own unique pathways to achieve these goals and outcomes.

The timeline for this programme is three years. Within these three years TPM will expect to have achieved the following objectives: • Have baseline demographic and social information/data on the Māori descent population for the North Island, South Island, and for each Māori electorate boundary (region); • Have established capacity and capability within each region, so that local needs assessment information/data can be collated and analysed; • Have obtained aspirational information/data from providers within each region based directly on the needs and goals of Whānau and local communities; • Have obtained transactional information/data from providers within each region for each of Te Pou Matakana’s commissioning products which identifies how each product achieved outcomes for Whānau based on their identified needs.

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The three year phased approach to achieving these objectives is as follows:

Year one: • A baseline demographic and social profile of the Māori descent population will be completed, providing TPM with a snapshot of the population within the North Island, South Island, and for each Māori electorate boundary (region).

Year two: • Develop and implement a co-production plan whereby providers within each region will be supported to gather, collect and anlayse needs assessment information/data from their own communities; and • Commence analysis of transactional needs assessment information/data.

Year three: • Commence analysis of regional needs assessment information/data and monitoring of goals and outcomes.

Introduction

This demographic and social profile of the Māori descent population is the first step of Te Pou Matakana’s Needs Assessment Programme. This component uses the 2013 Census information on the total New Zealand usually resident population who indicated they were of Māori descent.

The second component of Te Pou Matakana’s Needs Assessment Programme (focusing on the North Island population only) will be the development of a plan and a tool kit to support contracted Whānau Ora Partners to collect their own data to assess, identify, monitor, and evaluate whānau needs over time. This plan and tool kit will help Whānau Ora Partners to openly discuss Whānau Direct and other commissioning activities with Te Pou Matakana as a basis of co-designing more targeted services to achieve whānau aspirations. This demographic and social profile describes the demographics, social structure, housing and socioeconomic status of Māori across New Zealand; comparing North Island Māori with South Island Māori; and comparing across each of the Māori electorates (Hauraki-Waikato, Ikaroa-Rāwhiti, Tāmaki Makaurau, Te Tai Hauāuru, Te Tai Tokerau, Waiariki, and Te Tai Tonga). For the purpose of later use for commissioning this report has split the Te Tai Tonga electorate into its North Island and South Island parts.

This executive summary has two main sections, the first section summarises the findings of this Māori descent population profile by region (describing the overall New Zealand picture and then comparing the North Island population with the South Island population), and the second section summarises the findings of this Māori descent population profile by Māori electorate (comparing and contrasting Māori electorate populations).

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Māori descent population by region

Distribution The 2013 Census reported that 16% (668,721) of the total New Zealand usually resident population indicated they were of Māori descent. The North Island was home to 84.9% (567,453) of the Māori descent population, the South Island was home to 15.0% (100,899) and the other outer Islands were home to approximately 0.1% (370) of the remaining Māori descent population.

Age and gender More than half (52%) the North Island Māori descent population were female. Six out of ten (61%) members of the North Island Māori descent population were aged 18 years and over. The median age of the North Island Māori descent population was 24.5 years. Half (50%) of the South Island Māori descent population were female. Six out of ten (61%) members of the population of the South Island Māori descent population were aged 18 years and over. The median age of the South Island Māori descent population was 23.8 years.

Ethnicity The New Zealand Māori descent population identified with multiple ethnic groups. More than eight out of ten (84%) identified with Māori ethnicity, more than half (55%) identified with European ethnic groups, a further 8% identified with Pacific ethnic groups, a further 2% identified with Asian ethnic groups, and a further 1% identified with Other ethnic groups.

The North Island Māori descent population identified with multiple ethnic groups. More than eight out of ten (85%) identified with Māori ethnicity, more than half (53%) identified with European ethnic groups, a further 9% identified with Pacific ethnic groups, a further 2% identified with Asian ethnic groups, and a further 1% identified with Other ethnic groups.

The South Island Māori descent population identified with multiple ethnic groups. More than seven out of ten (78%) identified with Māori ethnicity, seven out of ten (70%) identified with European ethnic groups, a further 4% identified with Pacific ethnic groups, a further 1% identified with Asian ethnic groups, and a further 2% identified with Other ethnic groups.

Deprivation According to the area based New Zealand Deprivation 2013 (NZDep2013) index more than one-third (36% or 244,000) of the descent population are residents in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of New Zealand. For the North Island Māori descent population four out of ten (40% or 228,000) of the usually resident population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) compared with four out of twenty-five (16% or 16,000) of the usually resident Māori descent population of the South Island.

Languages The New Zealand Māori descent population can speak multiple languages with close to one in five (18%) speaking Te Reo Māori, more than nine out of ten (96%) speaking English, and 3% speaking other languages. The North Island Māori descent population had almost twice the proportion of Te Reo Māori speakers, compared with their South Island counterparts.

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Iwi affiliation Within New Zealand, 80% of the Māori descent population were affiliated with at least one iwi, the most common Iwi affiliations were Ngāpuhi (19%), Ngāti Porou (11%), Ngai Tahu/Kai Tahu (8%), Waikato (6%), Tūhoe (5%), Ngāti Tūwharetoa (5%) and Ngāti Maniapoto (5%). Within the North Island, 81% of those of Māori descent were affiliated with at least one iwi, the most common iwi affiliations were with Ngāpuhi (20%), Ngāti Porou (11%), Waikato (7%), Tūhoe (6%), Ngāti Tūwharetoa (6%) and Ngāti Maniapoto (6%). Within the South Island, 76% of those of Māori descent were affiliated with at least one iwi, the most common iwi affiliations were with Ngai Tahu/Kai Tahu (29%), Ngāpuhi (11%), and Ngāti Porou (8%).

Religious affiliation Across New Zealand around 40% of Māori were affiliated with Christian religions and a further 7% were affiliated with Māori Christian religions. More than half (55%) of the South Island Māori descent population had no religious affiliation, compared to 45% of North Island Māori descent population.

Relationships and children A larger proportion of South Island Māori in a relationship are married and list their partnership status as a spouse compared to North Island Māori. The South Island had a higher proportion of Māori women with no children than the North Island.

Families and dependent children Across New Zealand and within both the North Island and South, Māori families were more likely to have one or two dependent children than three, or four or more dependent children. One parent Māori families were more likely to have either one or no dependent children, while Māori couples were more likely to have two, three, or four or more dependent children.

Education For those aged 15 years and over, the South Island Māori population had a larger proportion with their highest qualification being either at certificate level or diploma level than compared with their North Island Māori counterparts. For those aged 15 years and over, the North Island Māori population had a larger proportion with their highest qualification was at Bachelor Degree and above level than compared with their South Island Māori counterparts. However, the North Island also had a larger proportion of their Māori population with no qualification compared to the South Island.

Median income and income sources Across New Zealand the median personal income for Māori aged 15 years and over was higher for males (at just under $30,000 per annum) than compared to females (at just over $20,000 per annum). For New Zealand Māori aged 15 years and over, around six out of ten (58%) listed wages, salary, commissions, bonuses etc. as their most common source of personal income. Income support (Unemployment Benefit, Sickness Benefit, Domestic Purposes Benefit, Invalids Benefit, Student Allowance, and Other Government Benefits) at just over 30% was the second most common source of personal income.

Within the North Island the median personal income for Māori aged 15 years and over was higher for males (at $28,000 per annum) than compared to females (at just over $20,000 per annum). For North Island Māori aged 15 years and over, around six out of ten (57%) listed wages, salary, commissions, bonuses etc. as their most common source of personal income. Income support (Unemployment Benefit, Sickness Benefit, Domestic Purposes

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Benefit, Invalids Benefit, Student Allowance, and Other Government Benefits) at just over 30% was the second most common source of personal income.

Within the South Island the median personal income for Māori aged 15 years and over was higher for males (at just under $35,000 per annum) than compared to females (at just over $20,000 per annum). For South Island Māori aged 15 years and over, two-thirds (66%) listed wages, salary, commissions, bonuses etc. as the most common source of personal income. Income support (Unemployment Benefit, Sickness Benefit, Domestic Purposes Benefit, Invalids Benefit, Student Allowance, and Other Government Benefits) at around one-quarter (26%) was the second most common source of personal income.

Work and the Labour force Over two-thirds (68%) of all New Zealand Māori aged 15 years and over were in the labour force, the South Island had a slightly higher proportion at 73% compare to the North Island at 68%. In terms of work status, 45% of New Zealand Māori aged 15 years and over were full-time employees, a further 15% were part-time employees, and 10% were currently unemployed. South Island Māori had a higher proportions full-time employees (at 51%) compared to North Island Māori (at 44%). South Island Māori aged 15 years and over also had a lower proportion of those currently unemployed (at 6%) compared to their North Island counterparts (at 10%).

Occupation Across New Zealand the top six occupation categories for employed Māori were Labourers (16%), Professionals (13%), Managers (11%), Technicians and Trades Workers (11%), Community and Personal Service Workers (11%), and Clerical and Administrative Workers (11%). South Island Māori had a higher proportion of Labourers (20%) and Technicians and Trades Workers (14%) compared to North Island Māori (16% and 10% respectively). North Island Māori had a higher proportion of Professionals (16%) and Clerical and Administrative Workers (11%) compared to South Island Māori (13% and 9% respectively).

Industry Across New Zealand the top six industries of occupation for employed Māori were Manufacturing (11%), Health Care and Social Assistance (9%), Construction (9%), Retail Trade (9%), Education and Training (8%), and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (7%). Māori males were more likely to be employed within the industries of Manufacturing (15%), Construction (15%) and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (9%), while Māori females were more likely to be employed within the industries of Health Care and Social Assistance (15%), Education and Training (13%), and Retail Trade (11%).

Within the North Island the top six industries of occupation for employed Māori were Manufacturing (11%), Health Care and Social Assistance (9%), Education and Training (9%), Retail Trade (8%), Construction (8%), and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (6%). Māori males were more likely to be employed within the industries of Manufacturing (15%), Construction (15%) and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (9%), while Māori females were more likely to be employed within the industries of Health Care and Social Assistance (16%), Education and Training (13%), and Retail Trade (10%).

Within the South Island the top six industries of occupation for employed Māori were Manufacturing (13%), Construction (11%), Retail Trade (10%), Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (9%), Health Care and Social Assistance (8%), and Accommodation and Food Services (7%). Māori males were more likely to be employed within the industries of Construction (19%), Manufacturing (17%), and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (11%), while Māori

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females were more likely to be employed within the industries of Health Care and Social Assistance (14%), Retail Trade (13%), and Accommodation and Food Services (11%).

Unpaid activities Across New Zealand Māori were involved in a number of unpaid activities, just over eight out of ten (81%) Māori did unpaid work for their own household, six out of ten (60%) Māori did unpaid work by looking after a child who was either a member of their own household or did not live in their own household, around two out of ten (22%) Māori did unpaid work by helping or looking after someone who was ill or had a disability who was either a member of their own household or did not live in their own household, and just under two out of ten (18%) Māori did other unpaid work by either helping or Volunteering for or Through Any Organisation, Group or Marae. North Island Māori were more likely to be involved in helping someone who was ill or had a disability who did not live in their own household (18%) than compared to South Island Māori (10%). South Island Māori were more likely to do other helping or Voluntary Work for or Through Any Organisation, Group or Marae (18%) than North Island Māori (11%).

Occupied dwelling type The majority of New Zealand Māori live in dwelling types that are separated houses (85%), a further 11% live in dwelling types that are joined together such as two or more Flats/Units/Townhouses/Apartments/Houses. North Island Māori and South Island Māori patterns of dwelling types are almost identical.

Household composition in private dwellings The majority (approximately 80%) of New Zealand Māori households consist of one-family household (with or without other people), a further 10% consist of two-family household (with or without other people), and a further 6% consist of one-person households. The proportion of South Island Māori living in one-family households (with or without other people) was slightly higher (at 83%) than North Island Māori (79%), while the proportion of North Island Māori living in two-family households (with or without other people) was slightly higher (at 10%) than South Island Māori (6%).

Tenure of dwelling Less than half (45%) of New Zealand Māori households live in dwellings that are either owned or partly owned or are held in a family trust. South Island Māori households are more likely (at 46%) to live in dwellings that are owned or partly owned than North Island Māori households (36%), while North Island Māori households are more likely (at 53%) to live in dwellings that are not owned and not held in a family trust than South Island Māori households (47%).

Sector of landlord Across New Zealand the majority (approximately 75%) of Māori household landlords were Private People, Trusts or Businesses. A further one out of five Māori household landlords were either the Housing New Zealand Corporation (18%) or Other Stated-Owned organisations (2%). North Island Māori household landlords were slightly more likely to be the Housing New Zealand Corporation (19%) than South Island Māori household landlords (13%).

Years at usual residence Across New Zealand approximately six out of ten (58%) Māori had been living at their usual residence for less than five years. A further three out of ten (32%) Māori had been living at their usual residence for between five

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Household income Across New Zealand approximately four out of ten (43%) Māori households had a total household income of $70,000 or less. South Island Māori households were more likely than North Island households to have a total household income in categories from $50,001-$70,000, $70,001-$100,000, and $100,001 up to $150,000.North Island Māori households were more likely than South Island households to have a total household income of less than $50,000.

Access to telecommunications Across New Zealand, over eight out of ten (85%) Māori households had access to a cellphone/mobile phone, around seven out of ten (73%) Māori households had access to a telephone, just under seven out of ten (69%) Māori households had access to the internet, and one in ten (10%) had access to a fax machine. A small proportion (3%) of Māori households had no access to telecommunication systems. South Island Māori households had a slightly higher proportions of access to all each of the telecommunication systems mentioned above compared to North Island Māori households.

Number of motor vehicles Across New Zealand, one-third (33%) of Māori households had access to one motor vehicle, approximately four out of ten (38%) Māori households had access to two motor vehicles, and approximately two out of ten (18%) Māori households had access to three or more motor vehicles. Approximately one in ten (9%) Māori households had no motor vehicle access. Māori households within the North Island were slightly more likely to have no motor vehicle access than Māori households within the South Island.

Cigarette smoking behaviour Across New Zealand just under half (44%) of Māori never smoked regularly and approximately one-quarter (23%) were ex-smokers. Approximately three out of ten (29%) Māori were regular smokers. Cigarette smoking behaviour was similar for North Island and South Island Māori. Across New Zealand, and within the North Island and the South Island separately, Māori males were more likely to have never smoked regularly compared to their female counterparts.

Conclusion The Māori descent population within the North Island differs from the South Island on a number of key demographic and social status variables, including having a much larger population size, having greater proportions who identify with Māori ethnicity and speak Te Reo, having a much larger proportion of the population living in the high deprivation areas, having males with a lower median personal income, having a higher proportion of the population receiving income support, having proportionally less of the population in the labour force, having a higher proportion of the population being involved in the unpaid activity of helping or looking after someone who is ill or has a disability, having a higher proportion of the population living in two- family households, having a lower proportion of the population living in dwellings that they either own or partly own, having a higher proportion of the population with Housing New Zealand Corporation as their landlord, and having a higher proportion of households with a total household income less than $50,000, and households with less access to telecommunications, and less access to a motor vehicle.

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Māori descent population by Māori electorate

Distribution The Māori descent population within the Māori electoral boundaries varied in size from 15% of total the Māori descent population within Te Tai Hauāuru and the South Island part of Te Tai Tonga, down to 3% of the population within the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga. However most Māori electorates contained around 12% to 15% of the total Māori descent population.

Age and gender The age distribution of Māori population within each Māori electorate was similar, except for the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga where there were proportionally less children (aged 0-14 years). Median age by Māori electorate varied by gender, with females having a higher median age then males across all electorates. Waiariki had the highest median age for females, and the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the highest median age for males.

Ethnicity Of those who are of Māori descent Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Waiariki electorates had the largest proportions (88%) of those identifying with Māori ethnicity. Of those who are of Māori descent the North Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai Tonga electorate had the largest proportions (67% and 70% respectively) of those identifying with European ethnicity.

Of those who are of Māori descent the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate had the largest proportions (20% and 3% respectively) of those identifying with Pacific and Asian ethnicities. Of those who are of Māori descent the North Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai Tonga electorate had the largest proportions (both at 2%) of those identifying with Other ethnic groups.

Deprivation Across all Māori electorates (except within the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga) somewhere between just over one-third (35% or 33,500 in Te Tai Tokerau) and up to almost half (48% or 40,000 in Waiariki) of the usually resident Māori decent population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas). For the Māori descent population within the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga only around one in ten (11% or 2,300) of the usually resident population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas).

Languages The Māori descent population within the Waiariki Māori electorate had the largest proportion of Te Reo Māori speakers (25%) compared to their contemporaries across the other Māori electorates. The Māori descent population within the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the largest proportion of Other language speakers (7%) compared to their contemporaries across the other Māori electorates.

Iwi affiliation Of those who are of Māori descent Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Waiariki electorates had the largest proportions (83% and 85% respectively) of those having at least one Iwi affiliation. While the South Island part of Te Tai Tonga electorate had the smallest proportion (76%) of those having at least one Iwi affiliation.

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Religious affiliation More than half (52% and 55% respectively) of the Māori descent population within the North Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai Tonga had no religious affiliation. The Waiariki electorate had the largest proportion (13%) of Māori who were affiliated with Māori Christian religions. The North Island part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate had the largest proportion (3%) of Māori who were affiliated with non-Christian religions.

Relationships and children Te Tai Tokerau and the South Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the largest proportions of married Māori and Māori who listed their partnership status as a spouse. While Tāmaki Makaurau and the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the smallest proportions of married Māori. The North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga had the highest proportion of Māori women with no children, followed by Tāmaki Makaurau.

Families and dependent children Tāmaki Makaurau had the highest proportion of Māori families with no dependent children. The North Island and South Island parts of Te Tai Tonga had the lowest proportions of Māori families with four or more dependent children.

Education The North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga and Tāmaki Makaurau had the highest proportion of Māori with their highest qualification being a Bachelor degree and above.

Median personal income and sources of person income For Māori males the median personal income was highest (at just under $35,000 per annum) within the North Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai Tonga electorate. For Māori females the median personal income was highest (at just under $30,000 per annum) in the North Island part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate.

The North Island and South Island parts of Te Tai Tonga had higher proportions (at two-thirds and over) of Māori who listed wages, salary, commissions, bonuses etc. as their most common source of person income compared to all the other Māori electorates. The North Island and South Island parts of Te Tai Tonga also had lower proportions (at around one-quarter) of Māori who listed Income Support (Unemployment Benefit, Sickness Benefit, Domestic Purposes Benefit, Invalids Benefit, Student Allowance, and Other Government Benefits) as their second most common source of personal income compared to all the other Māori electorates.

Work and the Labour force Most North Island Māori electorates had around two-thirds of their Māori population in the labour force and one- third did not. Waiariki had a slightly lower proportion of those employed full-time (42%) compared to other North Island Māori electorates whose proportions ranged from 46% (Tāmaki Makaurau) down to 44% (all of the other North Island Māori electorates). The proportion of part-time employment and the proportion of unemployment were similar across all North Island Māori electorates.

Occupation Within Tāmaki Makaurau and the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Māori are more likely to be employed in Professional Occupations and less likely to be Labourers compared to Māori within other electorates (such as Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Te Tai Hauāuru).

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Industry Across most Māori electorates the top six industries of occupation for employed Māori were most likely to be Manufacturing, Health Care and Social Assistance, Construction, Education and Training, Retail Trade, and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing in some particular order. Within the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate Professional, Scientific and Technical Services featured instead of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing in the top six occupations. Within the Te Tai Tokerau electorate Public Administration and Safety just made it into the top six occupations replacing Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing. Within the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate Public Administration and Safety, and Professional, Scientific and Technical Services made it into the top six occupations replacing Manufacturing and Construction.

Unpaid activities Māori within the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate and the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate were less likely to be involved in the unpaid activities of looking after a child who was either a member of their own household or did not live in their own household compared with the other North Island Māori electorates.

Occupied dwelling type Māori in the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate are much less likely to live in dwelling types that are separated houses and more likely to live to in dwelling types that are joined together such as two or more Flats/ Units/Townhouses/Apartments/Houses than Māori within all other electorates.

Household composition in private dwellings Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate and the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate were less likely (72% and 74% respectively) to live in one-family households (with or without other people) than Māori within all other electorates. Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate were more likely to live in two-family household (with or without other people) and three or more family households (with or without other people) than Māori within all other electorates. Māori within the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate were more likely to live in Other multi-person households and one-person households than Māori within all other electorates.

Tenure of dwelling Māori households in the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate had the lowest proportion of households living in a dwelling that was either owned or partly owned, while Māori households in Te Tai Hauāuru and the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga had the highest proportion of households living in a dwelling that was either owned or partly owned.

Sector of landlord Within Tāmaki Makaurau Māori household landlords were slightly less likely to be private people, Trusts or Businesses (63%) and more likely to be the Housing New Zealand Corporation (31%) than Māori households across all other Māori electorates. Māori households within the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga had a higher proportion of local authority or City Council landlords (at 4%) than Māori households across all other Māori electorates.

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Years at usual residence Across all Māori electorates approximately six out of ten (ranging from 56% in Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Tāmaki Makaurau to 62% in Te Tai Tokerau and the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) of all Māori have lived at their usual residence for less than five years. Across all Māori electorates approximately a further three out of ten (ranging from 31% to 34%) of all Māori had been living at their usual residence for between five and nineteen years. Across all Māori electorates approximately three out of ten (ranging from 25% to 29%) of all Māori have lived at their usual residence for less than one year.

Household income There was considerable variation in total household income between Māori electorates. Within the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate close to one-third (32%) of Māori households had a total household income of over $100,000 this compared to a quarter and under in all other Māori electorates (except the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga which had an even higher proportion of Māori households having a total household income of over $100,000 at 42%). While almost half (48%) of Māori households within Ikaroa-Rāwhiti, Te Tai Hauāuru, and Waiariki Māori electorates had a total household income of $70,000 or less.

Access to telecommunications Across Māori electorates, more than eight out of ten (ranging from 83% in Ikaroa-Rāwhiti to 88% in the North Island and South Island parts of Te Tai Tonga) Māori households had access to a cellphone/mobile phone, at least seven out of ten (ranging from 70% in Waiariki to 79% in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) Māori households had access to a telephone, and at least six out of ten (ranging from 62% in Waiariki to 82% in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) Māori households had access to the internet, and close to one in ten (10%) had access to a fax machine. Māori households with access to a telephone and/or access to the internet showed the most variation across Māori electorates.

Number of motor vehicles in households Across Māori electorates, at least three in ten (ranging from 30% in Tāmaki Makaurau to 40% in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) Māori households had access to a one motor vehicle and at least one-third (ranging from 33% in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga to 41% in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) of Māori households had access to two motor vehicles. Māori households within Ikaroa-Rāwhiti, Tāmaki Makaurau and the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga were the only Māori electorates who had more than 10% of their households with no motor vehicle access.

Cigarette smoking behaviour Tāmaki Makaurau Māori were more likely to have never smoked regularly compared to their counterparts in other Māori electorates. Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Māori were more likely to be regular smokers compared to their counterparts in all other Māori electorates. Across all Māori electorates around two out of ten Māori were ex-smokers.

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Conclusion The Māori descent population varied across Māori electorates in a number of key demographic and social status variables, including: population size, the proportions of those who identified with Māori ethnicity and speak Te Reo, the proportions of Māori living in the high deprivation areas, Iwi affiliation, the proportion of Māori who were affiliated with Māori Christian religions, the proportion of Māori families with no dependent children, median personal income, the proportion of Māori population receiving income support, occupation type for employed, proportions of Māori being involved in the unpaid activity of looking after a child, the proportion of the population living in two-family and three or more family households, the proportion of the population living in dwellings that are owned or partly owned, the proportion of the population having the Housing New Zealand Corporation as their landlord, the proportion of households with a total household income of $70,000 or less, the proportion of households with no access to telecommunications, and the proportion of households with no access to a motor vehicle.

- 12 - Table of Contents Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Executive Summary 1

Background 1 Commissioning for outcomes 1 Needs assessment approach 1

Introduction 2

Māori descent population by region 3 Distribution 3 Age and gender 3 Ethnicity 3 Deprivation 3 Languages 3 Iwi affiliation 4 Religious affiliation 4 Relationships and children 4 Families and dependent children 4 Education 4 Median income and income sources 4 Work and the Labour force 5 Occupation 5 Industry 5 Unpaid activities 6 Occupied dwelling type 6 Household composition in private dwellings 6 Tenure of dwelling 6 Sector of landlord 6 Years at usual residence 6 Household income 7 Access to telecommunications 7 Number of motor vehicles 7 Cigarette smoking behaviour 7 Conclusion 7

Māori descent population by Māori electorate 8 Distribution 8 Age and gender 8 Ethnicity 8 Deprivation 8 Languages 8

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Iwi affiliation 8 Religious affiliation 9 Relationships and children 9 Families and dependent children 9 Education 9 Median personal income and sources of person income 9 Work and the Labour force 9 Occupation 9 Industry 10 Unpaid activities 10 Occupied dwelling type 10 Household composition in private dwellings 10 Tenure of dwelling 10 Sector of landlord 10 Years at usual residence 11 Household income 11 Access to telecommunications 11 Number of motor vehicles in households 11 Cigarette smoking behaviour 11 Conclusion 12

Table of Contents 13

Table of Figures 24

Background 36

Commissioning for outcomes 36 Needs assessment approach 36

Introduction 37

Demographics 38

Population distribution within New Zealand 38 Population distribution by Māori electorate 38 Index of deprivation by region 39 Age groups by region 41 Age groups by Māori electorate 44 Ethnic groups by region 46 Ethnic groups by Māori electorate 47 Languages spoken by region 48 Languages spoken by Māori electorate 50

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Iwi affiliation by region 50 Iwi affiliation by Māori electorate 51 Religious affiliation by region 52 Religious affiliation by Māori electorate 52

Relationships, Family and Children 53

Current Relationship and Partnership Status by region 53 Current Relationship and Partnership Status by Māori electorate 54 Number of Children born alive by region 55 Number of Children born alive by Māori electorate 55 Family Type and number of dependent children by region 56 Family Type and number of dependent children by Māori electorate 59

Education, Income, Work and the Labour force 60

Highest qualification by region 60 Highest qualification by Māori electorate 62 Personal income by region 63 Personal income by Māori electorate 64 Sources of personal income by region 65 Sources of personal income by Māori electorate 67 Work and Labour force status by region 68 Work and Labour force status by Māori electorate 72 Status in employment by region 73 Status in employment by Māori electorate 75 Occupation groups by region 75 Occupation groups by gender 76 Occupation groups by Māori electorate 77 Industry by region 78 Industry by Māori electorate 81 Unpaid activities by region 88 Unpaid activities by Māori electorate 91

Māori Households 93

Occupied dwelling type by region 93 Occupied dwelling type by Māori electorate 94 Household composition in private dwellings by region 95 Household composition in private dwellings by Māori electorate 96 Tenure of dwelling by region 97 Tenure of dwelling by Māori electorate 97 Sector of landlord by region 98

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Sector of landlord by Māori electorate 99 Years at usual residence by region 100 Years at usual residence by Māori electorate 101

Socioeconomic Status 102

Household income by region 102 Household income by Māori electorate 103 Access to telecommunications by region 104 Access to telecommunications by Māori electorate 105 Number of motor vehicles in households by region 107 Number of motor vehicles in households by Māori electorate 108 Index of Deprivation by region 110 Index of Deprivation by Māori electorate 113 Cigarette Smoking behaviour by region 120 Cigarette Smoking behaviour by Māori electorate 122

Conclusions 123

The North Island compared to the South Island 123 Comparisons across the Māori electorates 123

Graphical Data Appendix-Additional graphs by Māori electorate 124

Hauraki-Waikato 124 Map of boundaries 124 Age and gender 125 Years at usual residence 125 Ethnicity 126 Languages Spoken 126 Religious affiliation 127 Relationship status 127 Partnership status 128 Number of children 128 Highest qualification 129 Highest qualification by gender 129 Median personal income 130 Sources of personal income 130 Work and labour force status 131 Work and labour force status by gender 131 Status in employment by gender 132 Occupation for employed 132

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Occupation for employed by gender 133 Unpaid activities 133 Unpaid activities by gender 134 Number of dependent children 134 Family type and number of dependent children 135 Household composition 135 Household income 136 Tenure of household 136 Sector of landlord 137 Access to telecommunication systems 137 Number of motor vehicles 138 Cigarette smoking behaviour 138

Ikaroa-Rāwhiti 139 Map of boundaries 139 Age and gender 140 Years at usual residence 140 Ethnicity 141 Languages Spoken 141 Religious affiliation 142 Relationship status 142 Partnership status 143 Number of children 143 Highest qualification 144 Highest qualification by gender 144 Median personal income 145 Sources of personal income 145 Work and labour force status 146 Work and labour force status by gender 146 Status in employment by gender 147 Occupation for employed 147 Occupation for employed by gender 148 Unpaid activities 148 Unpaid activities by gender 149 Number of dependent children 149 Family type and number of dependent children 150 Household composition 150 Household income 151 Tenure of household 151 Sector of landlord 152

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Access to telecommunication systems 152 Number of motor vehicles 153 Cigarette Smoking behaviour 153

Tāmaki Makaurau 154 Map of boundaries 154 Age and gender 155 Years at usual residence 155 Ethnicity 156 Languages spoken 156 Religious affiliation 157 Relationship status 157 Partnership status 158 Number of children 158 Highest qualification 159 Highest qualification by gender 159 Median personal income 160 Sources of personal income 160 Work and labour force status 161 Work and labour force status by gender 161 Status in employment by gender 162 Occupation for employed 162 Occupation for employed by gender 163 Unpaid activities 163 Unpaid activities by gender 164 Number of dependent children 164 Family type and number of dependent children 165 Household composition 165 Household income 166 Tenure of household 166 Sector of landlord 167 Access to telecommunication systems 167 Number of motor vehicles 168 Cigarette Smoking behaviour 168

Te Tai Hauāuru 169 Map of boundaries 169 Age and gender 170 Years at usual residence 170 Ethnicity 171

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Languages spoken 171 Religious affiliation 172 Relationship status 172 Partnership status 173 Number of children 173 Highest qualification 174 Highest qualification by gender 174 Median personal income 175 Sources of personal income 175 Work and labour force status 176 Work and labour force status by gender 176 Status in employment by gender 177 Occupation for employed 177 Occupation for employed by gender 178 Unpaid activities 178 Unpaid activities by gender 179 Number of dependent children 179 Family type and number of dependent children 180 Household composition 180 Household income 181 Tenure of household 181 Sector of landlord 182 Access to telecommunication systems 182 Number of motor vehicles 183 Cigarette Smoking behaviour 183

Te Tai Tokerau 184 Map of boundaries 184 Age and gender 185 Years at usual residence 185 Ethnicity 186 Languages spoken 186 Religious affiliation 187 Relationship status 187 Partnership status 188 Number of children 188 Highest qualification 189 Highest qualification by gender 189 Median personal income 190 Sources of personal income 190

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Work and labour force status 191 Work and labour force status by gender 191 Status in employment by gender 192 Occupation for employed 192 Occupation for employed by gender 193 Unpaid activities 193 Unpaid activities by gender 194 Number of dependent children 194 Family type and number of dependent children 195 Household composition 195 Household income 196 Tenure of household 196 Sector of landlord 197 Access to telecommunication systems 197 Number of motor vehicles 198 Cigarette Smoking behaviour 198

Waiariki 199 Map of boundaries 199 Age and gender 200 Years at usual residence 200 Ethnicity 201 Religious affiliation 202 Relationship status 202 Partnership status 203 Number of children 203 Highest qualification 204 Highest qualification by gender 204 Median personal income 205 Sources of personal income 205 Work and labour force status 206 Work and labour force status by gender 206 Status in employment by gender 207 Occupation for employed 207 Occupation for employed by gender 208 Unpaid activities 208 Unpaid activities by gender 209 Number of dependent children 209 Family type and number of dependent children 210 Household composition 210

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Household income 211 Tenure of household 211 Sector of landlord 212 Access to telecommunication systems 212 Number of motor vehicles 213 Cigarette smoking behaviour 213

Te Tai Tonga 214 Map of boundaries 214 Age and gender 215 Years at usual residence 215 Ethnicity 216 Languages spoken 216 Religious affiliation 217 Relationship status 217 Partnership status 218 Number of children 218 Highest qualification 219 Highest qualification by gender 219 Median personal income 220 Sources of personal income 220 Work and labour force status 221 Work and labour force status by gender 221 Status in employment by gender 222 Occupation for employed 222 Occupation for employed by gender 223 Unpaid activities 223 Unpaid activities by gender 224 Number of dependent children 224 Family type and number of dependent children 225 Household composition 225 Household income 226 Tenure of household 226 Sector of landlord 227 Access to telecommunication systems 227 Number of motor vehicles 228 Cigarette smoking behaviour 228

North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga 229 Map of boundaries 229

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Age and gender 230 Years at usual residence 230 Ethnicity 231 Languages spoken 231 Religious affiliation 232 Relationship status 232 Partnership status 233 Number of children 233 Highest qualification 234 Highest qualification by gender 234 Median personal income 235 Sources of personal income 235 Work and labour force status 236 Work and labour force status by gender 236 Status in employment by gender 237 Occupation for employed 237 Occupation for employed by gender 238 Unpaid activities 238 Unpaid activities by gender 239 Number of dependent children 239 Family type and number of dependent children 240 Household composition 240 Household income 241 Tenure of household 241 Sector of landlord 242 Access to telecommunication systems 242 Number of motor vehicles 243 Cigarette smoking behaviour 243

South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga 244 Map of boundaries 244 Age and gender 245 Years at usual residence 245 Ethnicity 246 Languages spoken 246 Religious affiliation 247 Relationship status 247 Partnership status 248 Number of children 248 Highest qualification 249

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Highest qualification by gender 249 Median personal income 250 Sources of personal income 250 Work and labour force status 251 Work and labour force status by gender 251 Status in employment by gender 252 Occupation for employed 252 Occupation for employed by gender 253 Unpaid activities 253 Unpaid activities by gender 254 Number of dependent children 254 Family type and number of dependent children 255 Household composition 255 Household income 256 Tenure of household 256 Sector of landlord 257 Access to telecommunication systems 257 Number of motor vehicles 258 Cigarette smoking behaviour 258

- 23 - Table of Figures Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Figure 1: Distribution of the Māori Descent Population by region 38 Figure 2: Distribution of the Māori Descent Population by Māori Electoral Region 38 Figure 3: New Zealand Deprivation Index for New Zealand Māori 39 Figure 4: New Zealand Deprivation index comparing North Island Māori and South Island Māori 40 Figure 5: New Zealand Māori by age and gender 41 Figure 6: North Island Māori by age and gender 42 Figure 7: South Island Māori by age and gender 43 Figure 8: Māori by Māori electorate and age group 44 Figure 9: Median age by Māori electorate 45 Figure 10: New Zealand Māori by ethnic group 46 Figure 11: North Island Māori by ethnic group 46 Figure 12: South Island Māori by ethnic group 47 Figure 13: Māori electorate by ethnic group (Māori and European) 47 Figure 14: Māori electorate by ethnic group (Pacific, Asian and Other) 48 Figure 15: New Zealand Māori languages spoken 48 Figure 16: North Island Māori languages spoken 49 Figure 17: South Island Māori languages spoken 49 Figure 18: Languages spoken by Māori electorate 50 Figure 19: Iwi affiliation by region 50 Figure 20: Iwi affiliation by Māori electorate 51 Figure 21: Māori religious affiliation 52 Figure 22: Religious affiliation by Māori electorate 52 Figure 23: Māori Current Relationship Status 53 Figure 24: Māori Current Partnership Status 53 Figure 25: Relationship Status by Māori electorate 54 Figure 26: Partnership status in current relationship by Māori electorate 54 Figure 27: Number of children born alive 55 Figure 28: Number of children born alive by Māori electorate 55 Figure 29: New Zealand Māori-Number of dependent children 56 Figure 30: New Zealand Māori-family type and number of dependent children 56 Figure 31: North Island Māori-Number of dependent children 57 Figure 32: North Island Māori-Family type and number of dependent children 57 Figure 33: South Island Māori-Number of dependent children 58 Figure 34: South Island Māori-Family type and number of dependent children 58 Figure 35: Number of dependent children by Māori electorate 59

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Figure 36: Māori highest qualification 60 Figure 37: Māori highest qualification 60 Figure 38: New Zealand Māori highest qualification by gender 61 Figure 39: North Island Māori highest qualification by gender 61 Figure 40: South Island Māori highest qualification by gender 62 Figure 41: Māori highest qualification by Māori electorate 62 Figure 42: New Zealand Māori-median personal income 63 Figure 43: North Island Māori-median personal income 63 Figure 44: South Island Māori-median personal income 64 Figure 45: New Zealand Māori-median personal income by Māori electorate 64 Figure 46: New Zealand Māori-sources of personal income 65 Figure 47: North Island Māori-sources of personal income 65 Figure 48: South Island Māori-sources of personal income 66 Figure 49: Māori-sources of personal income by Māori electorate 66 Figure 50: Māori work and labour force status 68 Figure 51: New Zealand Māori work and labour force status by gender 69 Figure 52: North Island Māori work and labour force status by gender 70 Figure 53: South Island Māori work and labour force status by gender 71 Figure 54: Māori work and labour force status by Māori electorate 72 Figure 55: New Zealand Māori status in employment by region 73 Figure 56: New Zealand Māori status in employment by gender 73 Figure 57: North Island Māori status in employment by gender 74 Figure 58: South Island Māori status in employment by gender 74 Figure 59: Māori status in employment by Māori electorate 75 Figure 60: Māori occupation for employed by region 75 Figure 61: New Zealand Māori occupation for employed by gender 76 Figure 62: North Island Māori occupation for employed by gender 76 Figure 63: South Island Māori occupation for employed by gender 77 Figure 64: Māori occupation for employed by Māori electorate 77 Figure 65: New Zealand Māori industry of occupation 78 Figure 66: North Island Māori industry of occupation 79 Figure 67: South Island Māori industry of occupation 80 Figure 68: Hauraki-Waikato Māori industry of occupation 81 Figure 69: Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Māori industry of occupation 82 Figure 70: Tāmaki Makaurau Māori industry of occupation 83 Figure 71: Te Tai Hauāuru Māori industry of occupation 84

- 25 - Table of Figures continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Figure 72: Te Tai Tokerau Māori industry of occupation 85 Figure 73: Waiariki Māori industry of occupation 86 Figure 74: North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Māori industry of occupation 87 Figure 75: New Zealand Māori Unpaid Activities by Region 88 Figure 76: New Zealand Māori Unpaid Activities by gender 89 Figure 77: North Island Māori Unpaid Activities by gender 90 Figure 78: South Island Māori Unpaid Activities by gender 90 Figure 79: Unpaid activities by Māori electorate 91 Figure 80: Māori Unpaid Activities by Māori electorate 92 Figure 81: Māori occupied dwelling type by region 93 Figure 82: Māori occupied dwelling type by Māori electorate 94 Figure 83: Māori household composition by region 95 Figure 84: Māori household composition by Māori electorate 96 Figure 85: Māori tenure of dwelling by region 97 Figure 86: Māori tenure of dwelling by Māori electorate 97 Figure 87: Māori household sector of landlord by region 98 Figure 88: Māori household sector of landlord by Māori electorate 99 Figure 89: Māori years at usual residence by region 100 Figure 90: Māori years at usual residence by Māori electorate 101 Figure 91: Māori household income by region 102 Figure 92: Māori household income by Māori electorate 103 Figure 93: Māori household access to telecommunication systems by region 104 Figure 94: Māori household access to telecommunication systems by Māori electorate 105 Figure 95: Māori household-No access to telecommunication systems by Māori electorate 106 Figure 96: Māori households-Number of motor vehicles in household by region 107 Figure 97: Māori households-Number of motor vehicles in household by Māori electorate 108 Figure 98: Māori households-No motor vehicles in household by Māori electorate 109 Figure 99: New Zealand Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 110 Figure 100: North Island Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 111 Figure 101: South Island Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 112 Figure 102: Hauraki-Waikato Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 113 Figure 103: Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 114 Figure 104: Tāmaki Makaurau Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 115 Figure 105: Te Tai Hauāuru Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 116 Figure 106: Te Tai Tokerau Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 117 Figure 107: Waiariki Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 118

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Figure 108: North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index 119 Figure 109: Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by region 120 Figure 110: New Zealand Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by gender 120 Figure 111: North Island Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by gender 121 Figure 112: South Island Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by gender 121 Figure 113: Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by Māori electorate 122 Figure 114: Boundary Map of Hauraki-Waikato Māori Electorate. 124 Figure 115: Age and gender for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate. 125 Figure 116: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate. 125 Figure 117: Ethnicity for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate. 126 Figure 118: Languages spoken for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 126 Figure 119: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 127 Figure 120: Relationship status for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 127 Figure 121: Partnership status for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 128 Figure 122: Number of children for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 128 Figure 123: Highest qualification for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 129 Figure 124: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 129 Figure 125: Median personal income for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 130 Figure 126: Sources of personal income for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 130 Figure 127: Work and labour force status for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 131 Figure 128: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 131 Figure 129: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 132 Figure 130: Occupation for employed for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 132 Figure 131: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 133 Figure 132: Unpaid activities for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 133 Figure 133: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 134 Figure 134: Number of dependent children for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 134 Figure 135: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate. 135 Figure 136: Household composition for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 135 Figure 137: Household income for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 136 Figure 138: Tenure of household for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 136 Figure 139: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 137 Figure 140: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 137 Figure 141: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 138

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Figure 142: Cigarette smoking behaviour for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate 138 Figure 143: Boundary Map of the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 139 Figure 144: Age and gender for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 140 Figure 145: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 140 Figure 146: Ethnicity for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 141 Figure 147: Languages Spoken for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 141 Figure 148: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 142 Figure 149: Relationship status for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 142 Figure 150: Partnership status for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 143 Figure 151: Number of children for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 143 Figure 152: Highest qualification for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 144 Figure 153: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 144 Figure 154: Median personal income for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 145 Figure 155: Sources of personal income for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 145 Figure 156: Work and labour force status for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 146 Figure 157: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 146 Figure 158: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 147 Figure 159: Occupation for employed for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 147 Figure 160: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 148 Figure 161: Unpaid activities for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 148 Figure 162: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 149 Figure 163: Number of dependent children for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 149 Figure 164: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 150 Figure 165: Household composition for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 150 Figure 166: Household income for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 151 Figure 167: Tenure of household for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 151 Figure 168: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 152 Figure 169: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 152 Figure 170: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 153 Figure 171: Cigarette Smoking behaviour for Māori in the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Electorate 153 Figure 172: Boundary Map of the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 154 Figure 173: Age and gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 155 Figure 174: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 155 Figure 175: Ethnicity for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 156 Figure 176: Languages Spoken for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. 156

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Figure 177: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 157 Figure 178: Relationship status for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 157 Figure 179: Partnership status for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. 158 Figure 180: Number of children for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 158 Figure 181: Highest qualification for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. 159 Figure 182: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 159 Figure 183: Median personal income for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 160 Figure 184: Sources of personal income for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 160 Figure 185: Work and labour force status for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 161 Figure 186: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 161 Figure 187: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 162 Figure 188: Occupation for employed for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 162 Figure 189: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 163 Figure 190: Unpaid activities for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 163 Figure 191: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 164 Figure 192: Number of dependent children for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 164 Figure 193: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 165 Figure 194: Household composition for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 165 Figure 195: Household income for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 166 Figure 196: Tenure of household for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 166 Figure 197: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 167 Figure 198: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 167 Figure 199: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 168 Figure 200: Cigarette Smoking behaviour for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate 168 Figure 201: Boundary Map of the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 169 Figure 202: Age and gender for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 170 Figure 203: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 170 Figure 204: Ethnicity for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 171 Figure 205: Languages spoken for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 171 Figure 206: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 172 Figure 207: Relationship status for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 172 Figure 208: Partnership status for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 173 Figure 209: Number of children for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 173 Figure 210: Highest qualification for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 174

- 29 - Table of Figures continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Figure 211: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 174 Figure 212: Median personal income for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 175 Figure 213: Sources of personal income for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 175 Figure 214: Work and labour force status for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 176 Figure 215: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 176 Figure 216: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 177 Figure 217: Occupation for employed for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 177 Figure 218: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 178 Figure 219: Unpaid activities for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 178 Figure 220: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 179 Figure 221: Number of dependent children for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 179 Figure 222: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 180 Figure 223: Household composition for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 180 Figure 224: Household income for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 181 Figure 225: Tenure of household for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 181 Figure 226: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 182 Figure 227: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 182 Figure 228: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 183 Figure 229: Cigarette Smoking behaviour for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate 183 Figure 230: Boundary Map of the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 184 Figure 231: Age and gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 185 Figure 232: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 185 Figure 233: Ethnicity for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 186 Figure 234: Languages spoken for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 186 Figure 235: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 187 Figure 236: Relationship status for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 187 Figure 237: Partnership status for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 188 Figure 238: Number of children for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 188 Figure 239: Highest qualification for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 189 Figure 240: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 189 Figure 241: Median personal income for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 190 Figure 242: Sources of personal income for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 190 Figure 243: Work and labour force status for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 191 Figure 244: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 191 Figure 245: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 192

- 30 - Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Figure 246: Occupation for employed for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 192 Figure 247: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 193 Figure 248: Unpaid activities for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 193 Figure 249: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 194 Figure 250: Number of dependent children for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 194 Figure 251: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 195 Figure 252: Household composition for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 195 Figure 253: Household income for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 196 Figure 254: Tenure of household for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 196 Figure 255: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 197 Figure 256: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 197 Figure 257: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 198 Figure 258: Cigarette Smoking behaviour for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 198 Figure 259: Map of boundaries for the Waiariki Electorate 199 Figure 260: Age and gender for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 200 Figure 261: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 200 Figure 262: Ethnicity for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 201 Figure 263: Languages spoken for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 201 Figure 264: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 202 Figure 265: Relationship status for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 202 Figure 266: Partnership status for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 203 Figure 267: Number of children for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 203 Figure 268: Highest qualification for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 204 Figure 269: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 204 Figure 270: Median personal income for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 205 Figure 271: Sources of personal income for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 205 Figure 272: Work and labour force status for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 206 Figure 273: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 206 Figure 274: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 207 Figure 275: Occupation for employed for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 207 Figure 276: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 208 Figure 277: Unpaid activities for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 208 Figure 278: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 209 Figure 279: Number of dependent children for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 209 Figure 280: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 210

- 31 - Table of Figures continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Figure 281: Household composition for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 210 Figure 282: Household income for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 211 Figure 283: Tenure of household for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 211 Figure 284: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 212 Figure 285: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 212 Figure 286: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 213 Figure 287: Cigarette smoking behaviour for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate 213 Figure 288: Boundary Map of the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 214 Figure 289: Age and gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 215 Figure 290: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 215 Figure 291: Ethnicity for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 216 Figure 292: Languages spoken for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 216 Figure 293: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 217 Figure 294: Relationship status for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 217 Figure 295: Partnership status for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 218 Figure 296: Number of children for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 218 Figure 297: Highest qualification for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 219 Figure 298: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 219 Figure 299: Median personal income for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 220 Figure 300: Sources of personal income for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 220 Figure 301: Work and labour force status for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 221 Figure 302: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. 221 Figure 303: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 222 Figure 304: Occupation for employed for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 222 Figure 305: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 223 Figure 306: Unpaid activities for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 223 Figure 307: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 224 Figure 308: Number of dependent children for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 224 Figure 309: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 225 Figure 310: Household composition for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 225 Figure 311: Household income for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 226 Figure 312: Tenure of household for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 226 Figure 313: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 227 Figure 314: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. 227

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Figure 315: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 228 Figure 316: Cigarette smoking behaviour for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 228 Figure 317: Boundary Map of the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 229 Figure 318: Age and gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 230 Figure 319: Years at usual residence for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 230 Figure 320: Ethnicity for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 231 Figure 321: Languages spoken for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 231 Figure 322: Religious affiliation for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 232 Figure 323: Relationship status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 232 Figure 324: Partnership status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 233 Figure 325: Number of children for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 233 Figure 326: Highest qualification for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 234 Figure 327: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 234 Figure 328: Median personal income for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 235 Figure 329: Sources of personal income for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 235 Figure 330: Work and labour force status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 236 Figure 331: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 236 Figure 332: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 237 Figure 333: Occupation for employed for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 237 Figure 334: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 238 Figure 335: Unpaid activities for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 238 Figure 336: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 239 Figure 337: Number of dependent children for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 239

- 33 - Table of Figures continued

Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Figure 338: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 240 Figure 339: Household composition for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 240 Figure 340: Household income for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 241 Figure 341: Tenure of household for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 241 Figure 342: Sector of landlord for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 242 Figure 343: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 242 Figure 344: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 243 Figure 345: Cigarette smoking behaviour for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 243 Figure 347: Boundary Map of the Te Tai Tonga Electorate 244 Figure 348: Age and gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 245 Figure 349: Years at usual residence for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 245 Figure 350: Ethnicity for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 246 Figure 351: Languages spoken for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 246 Figure 352: Religious affiliation for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 247 Figure 353: Relationship status for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 247 Figure 354: Partnership status for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 248 Figure 355: Number of children for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 248 Figure 356: Highest qualification for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 249 Figure 357: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 249 Figure 358: Median personal income for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 250 Figure 359: Sources of personal income for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 250 Figure 360: Work and labour force status for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 251

- 34 - Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Figure 361: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 251 Figure 362: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 252 Figure 363: Occupation for employed for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 252 Figure 364: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. 253 Figure 365: Unpaid activities for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 253 Figure 366: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 254 Figure 367: Number of dependent children for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 254 Figure 368: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 255 Figure 369: Household composition for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 255 Figure 370: Household income for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 256 Figure 371: Tenure of household for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 256 Figure 372: Sector of landlord for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 257 Figure 373: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 257 Figure 374: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 258 Figure 375: Cigarette smoking behaviour for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate 258

- 35 - Background Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Commissioning for outcomes In 2014 Te Pou Matakana (TPM) became the Whānau Ora commissioning agency for the North Island. The first task that TPM was charged with was to develop a commissioning for outcomes framework to underpin all its commissioning activities.

There were four key principles articulated by Te Pou Matakana (TPM) in its commissioning for outcomes framework, which provided direction for how the needs assessment programme was developed. These four principles were: 1) Exploring needs and assets to build a picture of what works and current strengths, as well as examining what support maybe required, using a range of methods to develop insights and apply these during the commissioning process. 2) Promoting innovation by way of moving away from over-specified services and asking providers and Whānau to come up with activities and ideas to achieve their own outcomes. 3) Having co-production at the heart of commissioning – supporting providers to co-produce their services. 4) An iterative and adaptive approach – requiring continuous reflection, evaluation and flexibility for services to adapt to the interests, needs and assets of Whānau.

As a result of these principles, Te Pou Matakana is embarking on a new way of undertaking a needs assessment process.

Needs assessment approach Te Pou Matakana will use a Kaupapa Māori framework which includes the over-arching themes of Whakapiri (Engagement), Whakamarama (Enlightenment), and Whakamana (Empowerment). As a result the needs assessment programme will support communities to develop their own capacity and capability, to collect their own information/data to assess, identify, monitor, and evaluate the needs of their own whānau. Furthermore, the process will support communities and whānau along the way to define and monitor their goals and outcomes, and decide on their own unique pathways to achieve these goals and outcomes.

The timeline for this programme is three years. Within these three years TPM will expect to have achieved the following objectives: • Have baseline demographic and social information/data on the Māori descent population for the North Island, South Island, and for each Māori electorate boundary (region). • Have established capacity and capability within each region, so that local needs assessment information/data can be collated and analysed. • Have obtained aspirational information/data from providers within each region based directly on the needs and goals of Whānau and local communities; • Have obtained transactional information/data from providers within each region for each of Te Pou Matakana’s commissioning products which identifies how each product achieved outcomes for Whānau based on their identified needs;

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The three year phased approach to achieving these objectives is as follows:

Year one: • A baseline demographic and social profile of the Māori descent population will be completed, providing TPM with a snapshot of the population within the North Island, South Island, and for each Māori electorate boundary (region).

Year two: • Develop and implement a co-production plan whereby providers within each region will be supported to gather, collect and anlayse needs assessment information/data from their own communities; and • Commence analysis of transactional needs assessment information/data.

Year three: • Commence analysis of regional needs assessment information/data and monitoring of goals and outcomes.

Introduction This demographic and social profile of the Māori descent population is the first step of Te Pou Matakana’s Needs Assessment Programme. This component uses the 2013 Census information on the total New Zealand usually resident population who indicated they were of Māori descent, to describe the demographics, social structure, housing and socioeconomic status of Māori across New Zealand, comparing North Island Māori with South Island Māori.

This profile also uses the same 2013 Census information on the Māori descent population to describe and compare the demographics, social structure, housing and socioeconomic status for each of the seven Māori electorates (Hauraki-Waikato, Ikaroa-Rāwhiti, Tāmaki Makaurau, Te Tai Hauāuru, Te Tai Tokerau, Waiariki, and Te Tai Tonga). For the purpose of commissioning this report has split the Te Tai Tonga electorate into its North Island and South Island parts.

In terms of the Māori descent population’s demographics, this profile describes the geographic distribution, age structure, ethnic groupings, languages spoken, iwi and religious affiliations. In terms of the Māori descent population’s social structure, this profile describes current relationship and partnership status, family type and number of dependent children, highest educational achievement, personal income, work and labour force status, occupation and industry of employment, and unpaid activities.

In terms of Māori descent households, this profile describes the occupied dwelling types, household composition, tenure of dwelling, and sector of landlord. In terms of socio-economic status, this profile describes Māori household income, Māori household assess to telecommunications, Māori household assess to motor vehicles, and population deprivation using the area based New Zealand deprivation index 2013 (NZDep2013).

This demographic and social profile also includes a large graphical data appendix containing graphs on each item described above, separately for each of the seven Māori electorates, along with graphs for the North Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai Tonga Māori electorate. Please refer to the Graphical Data Appendix to see maps of each of the electoral boundaries.

The second component of Te Pou Matakana’s Needs Assessment Programme for the Māori descent population (focusing on the North Island only) will be the development of a tool kit to support contracted Whānau Ora Partners to assess, identify and monitor whānau needs. This tool kit will help Whānau Ora Partners to openly discuss Whānau Direct and other commissioning activities with Te Pou Matakana as a basis of co-designing more targeted services for whānau aspirations.

- 37 - Demographicscomponent will be designed and tested over the next several quarters of the 2014/2015 financial componentyear. will be designed and tested over the next several quarters of the 2014/2015 financial Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA year. STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT DemographicsCOMMISSIONING AGENCY PopulationDemographics distribution within New Zealand PopulationThe 2013 Census distribution reported that 16% within (668,721) New of the Zealand total New Zealand usually resident population ThePopulation 2013 Census distribution reported that 16% within (668,721) New of Zealandthe total New Zealand usually resident population indicated they indicated they were of Māori descent. The North Island was home to 84.9% (567,453) of the Māori wereThe 2013of Māori Census descent. reported The North that Island 16% was (668,721) home to 84.9%of the (567,453) total New of the Zealand Māori descent usually population, resident population the South descent population, the South Island was home to 15.0% (100,899) and the other outer Islands were Islandindicated was home they towere 15.0% of (100,899)Māori descent. and the otherThe Northouter Islands Island were was home home to to approximately 84.9% (567,453) 0.1% (370) of the of Māori Māori home to approximately 0.1% (370) of Māori descent population. 84% of Māori males and 85% of descent population. population, 84% the of MāoriSouth males Island and was 85% home of Māori to females15.0% (100,899)are usually residentand the in other the North outer Island. Islands were homeMāori tofemales approximately are usually 0.1% resi (370)dent inof theMā oriNorth descent Island. population. 84% of Māori males and 85% of FigureMāori 1: 1:females Distribution Distribution are of usually of the the M āMāoriori resi Descentdent Descent inPopulation the Population North by region Island.by region

FigureRegion 1: Distribution of the MaleMāori Descent Female Population Total by region Male Female Total North Island 270,198 297,258 567,453 84% 85% 85% Region Male Female Total Male Female Total South Island 50,064 50,838 100,899 16% 15% 15% North Island 270,198 297,258 567,453 84% 85% 85% New Zealand 320,457 348,267 668,721 100% 100% 100% South Island 50,064 50,838 100,899 16% 15% 15% PopulationNew Zealand distribution 320,457 by M 348,267āori electorate 668,721 100% 100% 100% PopulationFor the purposes distribution distribution of this report by Mweā willbyori electorateconsiderMāori thelectoratee North Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai For the purposes of this report we will consider the North Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai Tonga ForTonga the electorate purposes ofseparately. this report The we M willāori consider descent th populatione North Island within and the South Māori Island electoral parts boundaries of the Te Tai electorate separately. The Māori descent population within the Māori electoral boundaries vary in size from 15% Tongavary in electoratesize from 15% separately. of the total The Māori descent population within theTe Tai Mā Hauori electoralāuru electorate boundaries and the of the total Māori descent population within Te Tai Hauāuru electorate and the South Island part of Te Tai Tonga varySouth in Island size from part 15% of Te of Tai the Tonga total downMāori todescent 3% of thepopulation total M āwithinori descent Te Tai population Hauāuru electorate within the and North the down to 3% of the total Māori descent population within the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga. With the exception SouthIsland Islandpart of part Te Tai of TeTonga. Tai Tonga With thedown exception to 3% of of the the total North Mā Islandori descent parts ofpopulation Te Tai Tonga within most the M Northāori of the North Island parts of Te Tai Tonga most Māori electorates contained around 12% to 15% of the Māori electoratesIsland part of contained Te Tai Tonga. around With 12% the to exception 15% of the of M theāori North descent Island population. parts of Te Tai Tonga most Māori descent population. Figureelectorates 2: Distribution contained of the around Māori Descent 12% toPopulation 15% of bythe M āMoriā oriElectoral descent Region population.

FigureElectoral 2: 2: Distribution Distribution Region of of the the M āMāoriori Descent DescentMale Population Population Female by M byāori Māori Electoral Total Electoral Region Region Male Female Total South Is. Part of Te Tai Tonga 50,064 50,838 100,899 16% 15% 15% Electoral Region Male Female Total Male Female Total Te Tai Hauāuru 47,061 50,727 97,788 15% 15% 15% South Is. Part of Te Tai Tonga 50,064 50,838 100,899 16% 15% 15% Te Tai Tokerau 46,026 50,244 96,273 14% 14% 14% Te Tai Hauāuru 47,061 50,727 97,788 15% 15% 15% Hauraki-Waikato 45,006 49,530 94,539 14% 14% 14% Te Tai Tokerau 46,026 50,244 96,273 14% 14% 14% Tāmaki Makaurau 41,961 47,199 89,160 13% 14% 13% Hauraki-Waikato 45,006 49,530 94,539 14% 14% 14% Ikaroa-Rāwhiti 40,374 44,925 85,299 13% 13% 13% Tāmaki Makaurau 41,961 47,199 89,160 13% 14% 13% Waiariki 39,663 43,698 83,361 12% 13% 12% Ikaroa-Rāwhiti 40,374 44,925 85,299 13% 13% 13% North Is. Part of Te Tai Tonga 10,110 10,935 21,045 3% 3% 3% Waiariki 39,663 43,698 83,361 12% 13% 12% New Zealand 320,457 348,267 668,721 100% 100% 100% North Is. Part of Te Tai Tonga 10,110 10,935 21,045 3% 3% 3% New Zealand 320,457 348,267 668,721 100% 100% 100%

36

36 - 38 - Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Index of deprivation by region IndexAccording of deprivation to the area based by New region Zealand Deprivation (NZDep2013) index more than one-third (36% or 244,000) Accordingof the Māori to descent the area population based New are Zealandresidents Deprivat in the mostion highly (NZDep2013) deprived areasindex (NZDep2013 more than one-thirdindex 9 & 10 (36% areas) or 244,000) of the Māori descent population are residents in the most highly deprived areas of New Zealand. (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of New Zealand.

FigureFigure 3: 3:New New Zealand Zealand Deprivation Deprivation Index forIndex New for Zealand New ZealandMāori Māori

- 39 - 37

Demographics continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

ForFor thethe North Island Island Māori Māori descent descent population population four fourout of out ten of (40% ten or(40% 228,000) or 228,000) of the usually of the resident usually population residentlived in the population most highly lived deprived in the areas most (NZDep2013 highly deprived index areas 9 & 10 (NZDep2013 areas). For the index South 9 Island & 10 Māori areas). descent For the Southpopulation Island four Mā outori ofdescent twenty-five population (16% or four16,000) out of of the twen usuallyty-five resident (16% population or 16,000) lived of the in the usually most highly resident population lived in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas). In deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas). In terms of people more than fourteen times as many North terms of people more than fourteen times as many North Island Māori are usually resident in the Island Māori are usually resident in the most highly deprived areas compared the South Island Māori. most highly deprived areas compared the South Island Māori.

FigureFigure 4: 4:New New Zealand Zealand Deprivation Deprivation index comparingindex comparing North Island North Mā oriIsland and MāoriSouth Island and SouthMāori Island Māori

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AgeAge groups groups by region by region The median age for males in the New Zealand Māori descent population was 22.6 years compared to The median age for males in the New Zealand Māori descent population was 22.6 years compared to 26.0 years 26.0 years for females. 58% of the male population and 63% of the female population were aged 18 for females. 58% of the male population and 63% of the female population were aged 18 years and over. years and over.

FigureFigure 5: 5:New New Zealand Zealand Māori Māori by age by and age gender and gender

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Demographics continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

The median age for males belonging to the North Island Māori descent population was 22.6 years compared to The median age for males belonging to the North Island Māori descent population was 22.6 years 26.3 years for females. 58% of the male population and 63% of the female population were aged 18 years and compared to 26.3 years for females. 58% of the male population and 63% of the female population over. were aged 18 years and over.

FigureFigure 6: 6: North North Island Island Mā Māoriori by ageby age and and gender gender

North Island Māori

Female Male

85 Years And Over 80–84 Years 75–79 Years 70–74 Years 65–69 Years 60–64 Years 55–59 Years 50–54 Years 45–49 Years 40–44 Years 35–39 Years 30–34 Years 25–29 Years 20–24 Years 15–19 Years 10–14 Years 5–9 Years 0–4 Years

15% 10% 5% 0% 5% 10% 15%

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

The median age for males belonging to the South Island Māori descent population was 22.8 years compared to The median age for males belonging to the South Island Māori descent population was 22.8 years 24.9 years for females. 60% of the male population and 62% of the female population were aged 18 years and compared to 24.9 years for females. 60% of the male population and 62% of the female population over. were aged 18 years and over.

FigureFigure 7: 7: South South Island Island M āMāoriori by byage age and and gender gender

South Island Māori

Female Male

85 Years And Over 80–84 Years 75–79 Years 70–74 Years 65–69 Years 60–64 Years 55–59 Years 50–54 Years 45–49 Years 40–44 Years 35–39 Years 30–34 Years 25–29 Years 20–24 Years 15–19 Years 10–14 Years 5–9 Years 0–4 Years

15% 10% 5% 0% 5% 10% 15%

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Demographics continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Age groups by Māori electorate AgeThe age groups distribution by Mā ofori Māori electorate within each Māori electorate was similar, except for the North Island part of Te Tai TheTonga age where distribution there were of M proportionallyāori within each less M childrenāori electorate (aged 0-14 was yearssimilar, old). except for the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga where there were proportionally less children (aged 0-14 years old).

Figure 8: 8: M āMāoriori by M byāori Māori electorate electorate and age andgroup age group

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Median age by Māori electorate varied by gender, with females having a higher median age then males across allMedian electorates. age by Waiariki Māori electorate had the highest varied medianby gender, age with for females, females and having the aNorth higher Island median part age of Te then Tai Tonga had the highestmales across median all ageelectorates. for males. Waiariki had the highest median age for females, and the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the highest median age for males.

Figure 9: 9: Median Median age ageby M ābyori Māori electorate electorate

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Ethnic groups by region TheEthnic New groups Zealand by Māori region descent population identified with multiple ethnic groups. More than eight out of ten (84%)The New identified Zealand with Mā Māoriori descent ethnicity, population more than identified half (55%) with identified multiple with ethnic European groups. ethnic More groups, than eight a further 8% Ethnicidentifiedout of ten groups with (84%) Pacific byidentified region ethnic with groups, Mā oria further ethnicity, 2% identified more than with half Asian (55%) ethnic identified groups, with and European a further 1% identified Thewithethnic New Other groups, Zealand ethnic a further groups.Māori descent8% identified population with Pacific identified ethnic with groups, multiple a further ethnic 2% groups. identified More with than Asian eight outethnic of tengroups, (84%) and identified a further with 1% Midentifiedāori ethnicity, with Other more ethnicthan half groups. (55%) identified with European ethnic groups, a further 8% identified with Pacific ethnic groups, a further 2% identified with Asian Figure 10: 10: New New Zealand Zealand Māori Māori by ethnic by groupethnic group ethnic groups, and a further 1% identified with Other ethnic groups.

Figure 10: New Zealand Māori by ethnic group

The North Island Māori descent population identified with multiple ethnic groups. More than eight Theout ofNorth ten Island(85%) Māoriidentified descent with population Māori ethnicity, identified more with than multiple half (53%) ethnic identified groups. with More Europeanthan eight out of ten The(85%)ethnic North identified groups, Island a with furtherMā oriMāori descent 9% ethnicity, identified population more with than Pacificidentified half ethnic (53%) with identifiedgroups, multiple a withfurther ethnic European groups.2% identified ethnic More groups, withthan Asianeight a further 9% outidentifiedethnic of tengroups, with(85%) Pacificand identified a furtherethnic with groups, 1% Midentifiedāori a further ethnicity, with 2% Other identifiedmore ethnicthan with half groups. Asian (53%) ethnic identified groups, with and European a further 1% identified ethnic groups, a further 9% identified with Pacific ethnic groups, a further 2% identified with Asian withFigure Other 11: North ethnic Island groups. Māori by ethnic group ethnic groups, and a further 1% identified with Other ethnic groups. FigureFigure 11: 11: North North Island Island MNorthāori Māori by ethnic Island by groupethnic M groupāori -Ethnic group

1% North2% Island Māori -Ethnic group European 9% 2% 1% European Mäori 9% 53% Mäori Pacific Peoples 53%

Pacific Peoples Asian 85%

Asian Other (MELAA, NZer, 85% NEC)

Other (MELAA, NZer, NEC)

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The South Island Māori descent population identified with multiple ethnic groups. More than seven out of ten (78%) identified with Māori ethnicity, seven out of ten (70%) identified with European ethnic groups, a further 4% TheThe South IslandIsland M Māāoriori descent descent population population identified identified with with multiple multiple ethnic ethnic groups. groups. More More than thanseven seven outoutidentified of ten with (78%) Pacific identified identified ethnic with groups,with M Mā oriaā orifurther ethnicity, ethnicity, 1% identified seven seven out without of ten ofAsian ten (70%) ethnic (70%) identified groups, identified withand a withEuropean further European 2% identified ethnicethnicwith Other groups, ethnic aa further furthergroups. 4% 4% identified identified with with Pacific Pacific ethnic ethnic groups, groups, a further a further 1% identified1% identified with withAsian Asian ethnicethnic groups, andand a a further further 2% 2% identified identified with with Other Other ethnic ethnic groups. groups. Figure 12: South Island Māori by ethnic group Figure 12: South Island Māori by ethnic group Figure 12: South Island Māori by ethnic group

Ethnic groups by Māori electorate Ethnic groups by Māori electorate EthnicOf those groups who are by of MMāāoriori descent electorate Ikaroa-R āwhiti and Waiariki electorates had the largest Ofproportions those who (88%) are of of Māori those descent identifying Ikaroa-Rāwhiti with Māori and ethnicity. Waiariki electoratesOf those who had are the of largest Māori proportions descent the (88%) of OfNorththose those identifyingIsland who and are withSouth of MMāori āIslandori ethnicity.descent parts of OfIkaroa-R the those Te Taiwhoāwhiti Tonga are and of electorate Māori Waiariki descent had electorates the Northlargest had Island proportions the and largest South (67% Island parts proportions (88%) of those identifying with Māori ethnicity. Of those who are of Māori descent the andof the 70% Te Tai respectively) Tonga electorate of those had identifying the largest with proportions European (67% ethnicity. and 70% respectively) of those identifying with North Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai Tonga electorate had the largest proportions (67% andFigureEuropean 70% 13: M respectively) ethnicity.āori electorate by of ethnic those group identifying (Māori and with European) European ethnicity.

Figure 13: Māori electorate by ethnic group (Māori and European) Figure 13: MāoriMā electorateori by Ethnic by ethnic group group and (Māori Mā andori European)electorate 100% Māori by Ethnic group and Māori electorate 80% 100% 60% 80% 40% 60% 20% 40% 0% 20% Māori European Hauraki-Waikato Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Tāmaki Makaurau 0%Te Tai Hauāuru Te Tai Tokerau Waiariki Nth. Is. Part of Te Tai TongaMāori Sth. Is. Part of Te Tai Tonga European Hauraki-Waikato Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Tāmaki Makaurau Te Tai Hauāuru Te Tai Tokerau Waiariki Nth. Is. Part of Te Tai Tonga Sth. Is. Part of Te Tai Tonga

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Demographics continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Of those who are of Māori descent the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate had the largest proportions (20% and 3% Of those who are of Māori descent the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate had the largest proportions respectively) of those identifying with Pacific and Asian ethnicities. Of those who are of Māori descent the North (20% and 3% respectively) of those identifying with Pacific and Asian ethnicities. Of those who are of Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai Tonga electorate had the largest proportions (both at 2% respectively) OfM thoseāori descent who are the of MNorthāori descentIsland and the SouthTāmaki Island Makaurau parts electorate of the Te Taihad Tonga the largest electorate proportions had the largest of those identifying with Other ethnic groups. (20%proportions and 3% respectively)(both at 2% respectively)of those identifying of those with identifying Pacific and with Asian Other ethnicities. ethnic Ofgroups. those who are of MFigureFigureāori descent 14:14: M Māoriāori the electorate electorate North byIsland by ethnic ethnic and group group South (Pacific, (Pacific, Island Asian parts Asian and of Other)and the Other) Te Tai Tonga electorate had the largest proportions (both at 2% respectively) of those identifying with Other ethnic groups.

Figure 14: Māori electorate by ethnic group (Pacific, Asian and Other)

Languages spoken by region LanguagesLanguagesThe New Zealand spoken spoken M ābyori region descent by regionpopulation could speak multiple languages with close to one in five TheThe(18%) New speaking ZealandZealand Māori TeM āReoori descent descent Māori, population morepopulation than could couldnine speak out speak multiple of tenmultiple languages(96%) languages speaking with close with English, to close one andin to five one 3% (18%) inspeaking five (18%)speakingother speaking languages. Te Reo TeMāori, Reo more Māori, than more nine thanout of nine ten (96%) out of speaking ten (96%) English, speaking and 3% English, speaking and other 3% speaking languages. other languages. Figure 15: New Zealand Māori languages spoken FigureFigure 15: 15: New New Zealand Zealand Māori Māori languages languages spoken spoken

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

The North North Island Island Māori Māori descent descent population population could could speak speak multiple multiple languages languages with one with in five one (20%) in five speaking (20%) Te The North Island Māori descent population could speak multiple languages with one in five (20%) Reospeaking Māori, Te more Reo than Mā nineori, more out of thanten (96%) nine speakingout of ten English, (96%) and speaking 3% speaking English, other and languages. 3% speaking other speakinglanguages. Te Reo Māori, more than nine out of ten (96%) speaking English, and 3% speaking other languages. Figure 16: 16: North North Island Island Mā Māoriori languages languages spoken spoken Figure 16: North Island Māori languages spoken

The South Island Māori descent population could speak multiple languages with more than one in Theten South (11%)South Island speakingIsland Māori M āTeori descent Reo descent M populationāori, population more could than could speaknine speakout multiple of multiple ten languages (96%) languages speaking with more with English, than more one and than in 3% ten one (11%) in speakingten (11%) Te other speaking Reo Māori,languages. Te more Reo than Māori, nine more out of than ten (96%)nine out speaking of ten English, (96%) andspeaking 3% speaking English, other and languages.3% speaking other languages. Figure 17: South Island Māori languages spoken Figure 17: 17: South South Island Island Mā Māoriori languages languages spoken spoken

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Demographics continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

LanguagesLanguages spoken spoken by Māori by electorate Māori electorate The Māori descent population within the Waiariki Māori electorate had the largest proportion of Te Reo Māori TheLanguages Māori descent spoken population by Māori within electorate the Waiariki Māori electorate had the largest proportion of Te Reospeakers Māori (25%) speakers compared (25%) to comparedtheir contemporaries to their contemporaries across all other Māori across electorates. all other The Mā Māoriori electorates. descent The The Māori descent population within the Waiariki Māori electorate had the largest proportion of Te Mpopulationāori descent within population the North withinIsland part the ofNorth Te Tai Island Tonga parthad theof Telargest Tai Tonga proportion had theof Other largest language proportion speakers of Reo Māori speakers (25%) compared to their contemporaries across all other Māori electorates. The Other(7%) compared language to speakers their contemporaries (7%) compared across to all their other contemporaries Māori electorates. across all other Māori electorates. Māori descent population within the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the largest proportion of FigureOtherFigure 18: language18: Languages Languages speakers spoken spoken by (7%) M ābyori comparedMāori electorate electorate to their contemporaries across all other Māori electorates.

Figure 18: Languages spoken by Māori electorate

Iwi affiliation by region Iwi affiliation by region WithinIwi affiliation New Zealand, by region 80% of those of Māori descent were affiliated with at least one iwi, while 17% didWithin not New know Zealand, and a further80% of those 3% did of Māorinot state descent a response were affiliated to this with census at least question. one iwi, Withinwhile 17% New did Zealand not know Within New Zealand, 80% of those of Māori descent were affiliated with at least one iwi, while 17% theand most a further common 3% did Iwi not affiliations state a response were to with this Ngcensusāpuhi question. (19%), NgWithināti Porou New Zealand (11%), theNgai most Tahu/Kai common Tahu Iwi did not know and a further 3% did not state a response to this census question. Within New Zealand (8%),affiliations Waikato were (6%), with NgāpuhiTūhoe (5%), (19%), Ng Ngātiāti T Porouūwharetoa (11%), (5%)Ngai Tahu/Kaiand Ngā tiTahu Maniapoto (8%), Waikato (5%). (6%), Tūhoe (5%), Ngāti the most common Iwi affiliations were with Ngāpuhi (19%), Ngāti Porou (11%), Ngai Tahu/Kai Tahu Tūwharetoa (5%) and Ngāti Maniapoto (5%). Figure(8%), 19: Waikato Iwi affiliation (6%), by T ūregionhoe (5%), Ngāti Tūwharetoa (5%) and Ngāti Maniapoto (5%).

Figure 19: 19: Iwi Iwi affiliation affiliation by region by region

Within the North Island, 81% of those of Māori descent were affiliated with at least one iwi, while 17% did not know and a further 3% did not state a response to this census question. In the North Within the North Island, 81% of those of Māori descent were affiliated with at least one iwi, while 17% did not know and a further 3% did not state a response to this census question. In the North - 50 - 48

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the North Island, 81% of those of Māori descent were affiliated with at least one iwi, while 17% did not know and a further 3% did not state a response to this census question. In the North Island the most common iwi Islandaffiliations the weremost with common Ngāpuhi iwi (20%), affiliations Ngāti Porouwere (11%),with Ng Waikatoāpuhi (7%),(20%), Tūhoe Ngā ti(6%), Porou Ngāti (11%), Tūwharetoa Waikato (6%) (7%), and Tūhoe (6%), Ngāti Tūwharetoa (6%) and Ngāti Maniapoto (6%). Ngāti Maniapoto (6%).

Within the South Island, 76% of those of Māori descent were affiliated with at least one iwi, while 17% did not Within the South Island, 76% of those of Māori descent were affiliated with at least one iwi, while know and a further 3% did not state a response to this census question. In the South Island the most common iwi 17% did not know and a further 3% did not state a response to this census question. In the South affiliations were with Ngai Tahu/Kai Tahu (29%), Ngāpuhi (11%), and Ngāti Porou (8%). Island the most common iwi affiliations were with Ngai Tahu/Kai Tahu (29%), Ngāpuhi (11%), and Ngāti Porou (8%). IwiIwi affiliation affiliation by Māori by electorate Māori electorate OfOf those who who are are of of Māori Māori descent descent Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Waiariki and Waiariki electorates electorates had the largesthad the proportions largest (83% and proportions85% respectively) (83% of and those 85% having respectively) at least one of Iwi those affiliation. having While at least the Southone Iwi Island affiliation. part of Te While Tai Tonga the Southelectorate Islandhad the part smallest of Te proportion Tai Tonga (76%) electora of thosete had having the smallestat least one pr oportionIwi affiliation. (76%) of those having at least one Iwi affiliation.

FigureFigure 20: 20: Iwi Iwi affiliation affiliation by Mā oriby electorateMāori electorate

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Demographics continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Religious affiliation by region Religious affiliation by region AcrossReligious New Zealand affiliation around 40% ofby M āregionori were affiliated with Christian religions and a further 7% Across New Zealand around 40% of Māori were affiliated with Christian religions and a further 7% wereAcross affiliated New Zealand with around Māori 40%Christian of Māori religions. were affiliated More than with Christianhalf (55%) religions of the andSouth a further Island 7% M āwereori affiliated were affiliated with Māori Christian religions. More than half (55%) of the South Island Māori descentwith Māori population Christian religions.had no religious More than affiliat half (55%)ion, comparedof the South to Island 45% Māoriof North descent Island population Māori descent had no descent population had no religious affiliation, compared to 45% of North Island Māori descent population.religious affiliation, compared to 45% of North Island Māori descent population. population. Figure 21: Māori religious affiliation Figure 21: 21: M Māoriāori religious religious affiliation affiliation

Religious affiliation by Māori electorate Religious affiliation affiliation by Māori electorateby Māori electorate MoreMore than half half (52% (52% and and 55% 55% respectively) respectively) of the of Māorithe M descentāori descent population population within the within North the Island North and Island South More than half (52% and 55% respectively) of the Māori descent population within the North Island andIsland South parts Island of the partsTe Tai Tongaof the had Te Taino religiousTonga had affiliation. no religious Waiariki affiliation. electorate Waiariki had the largest electorate proportion had the (13%) of largestand South proportion Island parts (13%) of of the M āTeori Tai who Tonga were had affiliated no religious with Maffiliation.āori Christian Waiariki religions. electorate The North had the largestMāori who proportion were affiliated (13%) with of M Māoriāori Christianwho were religions. affiliated The with North M Islandāori Christian part of the religions. Te Tai Tonga The electorate North had Islandthe largest part proportionof the Te Tai (3%) Tonga of Māori electorate who were had affiliated the largest with non-Christian proportion (3%)religions. of Māori who were affiliatedIsland part with of thenon-Christian Te Tai Tonga religions. electorate had the largest proportion (3%) of Māori who were affiliated with non-Christian religions. FigureFigure 22: 22: Religious Religious affiliation affiliation by Māori by electorate Māori electorate Figure 22: Religious affiliation by Māori electorate

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Relationships, Family and Children Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Relationships,This section describes relationships,Family and family Children and children. ThisRelationships, section describes Family relationships, and family Children and children. CurrentThis section Relationship describes relationships, and Partnership family and Status children. by region ACurrent larger proportion Relationship Relationship of South and Island Partnership and Māori Partnership were Status currently by region married Status than by compared region with North Island A larger proportion of South Island Māori were currently married than compared with North Island Māori. MA ālargerori. proportion of South Island Māori were currently married than compared with North Island Māori. FigureFigure 23: 23: M Māoriāori Current Current Relationship Relationship Status Status Figure 23: Māori Current Relationship Status

AA larger proportionproportion of of South South Island Island Māori Mā listori their list their current current partnership partnership status as status a spouse as a than spouse North than Island North Māori, IslandAthis larger is likely M āproportionori, due this to ais higher likelyof South proportiondue Island to a higher Mof āSouthori proportion list Island their Māori current of Southbeing partnership currentlyIsland M marriedā statusori being thanas a currently spousecompared than married with North North thanIsland compared Māori.Māori, this with is likely North due Island to a M higherāori. proportion of South Island Māori being currently married Figurethan compared24: Māori Current with PartnershipNorth Island Status M āori. Figure 24: Māori Current Partnership Status Figure 24: Māori Current Partnership Status

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Relationships, Family and Children continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Current Relationship and Partnership Status by Māori electorate Current Relationship and Partnership Status by Māori electorate Te Tai Tokerau and the South Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the largest proportions of currently married Māori. CurrentTe Tai Tokerau Relationship and the and South Partnership Island part Status of Te by Ta iM Tongaāori electorate had the largest proportions of currently While Tāmaki Makaurau and the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the smallest proportions of currently Temarried Tai Tokerau Māori. and While the South Tāmaki Island Makaurau part of Te and Tai Tonga the North had the Island largest pa proportionsrt of Te Tai ofTonga currently had the smallest married MMāori.āori. While Tāmaki Makaurau and the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the smallest proportions of currently married Māori. proportions of currently married Māori.

FigureFigure 25: 25: 25: Relationship Relationship Relationship Status Status byStatus M byāori M byelectorateāori Māori electorate electorate

Te Tai Tokerau and the South Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the largest proportion of currently marriedTe Tai Tokerau Māori andand thehence South the Islandhighest part proportion of Te Tai withTonga a currenthad the partnership largest proportion status of of being currently a spouse. married Māori and hence the highest proportion with a current partnership status of being a spouse. FigureTe Tai 26: Tokerau Partnership and status the in current South relationship Island part by M ofāori Te electorate Tai Tonga had the largest proportion of currently married Māori and hence the highest proportion with a current partnership status of being a spouse. Figure 26: Partnership status in current relationship by Māori electorate Figure 26: Partnership status in current relationship by Māori electorate

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Number of Children born alive by region Number of Children born alive by region NumberAcross New of Zealand Children three born out alive of ten by M āregionori women currently had no children (born alive). The South Across New Zealand three out of ten Māori women currently had no children (born alive). The South Island had a AcrossIsland had New a Zealandslightly higher three outproportion of ten M ofāori M āwomenori women currently (at 33%) had with no children no children (born compared alive). The to SouthNorth slightly higher proportion of Māori women (at 33%) with no children compared to North Island Māori women (at 30%). Island hadMāori a slightlywomen higher (at 30%). proportion of Māori women (at 33%) with no children compared to North FigureIslandFigure 27: M27: āNumber oriNumber women of childrenof children (at 30%).born bornalive alive Figure 27: Number of children born alive

Number of Children born alive by Māori electorate NumberTheNumber North ofIsland Childrenof PartChildren of born Te Tai alive Tongaborn by had Malive theāori hi electorateghestby Māori proportion electorate at close to half (49%) of Māori The North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga had the highest proportion at close to half (49%) of Māori women with no womenThe North with Island no children Part of Te(born Tai Tongaalive), followedhad the hi byghest Tāmaki proportion Makaurau at close of over to one-thirdhalf (49%) (36%) of Mā ofori M āori womenchildren with(born no alive), children followed (born by Tāmakialive).alive), Makauraufollowed byof overTāmaki one-third Makaurau (36%) of Māoriover one-third women with (36%) no children of Māori (born alive). womenFigure 28: with Number no ofchildren children born(born alive alive). by M āori electorate

FigureFigure 28: 28: Number Number of childrenof children born bornalive byalive Mā oriby electorateMāori electorate

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Relationships, Family and Children continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Family Type and number of dependent children by region Family Type and number of dependent children by region AcrossFamily New Type Zealand and around number six out of ofdependent ten (56%) Māori children families by had region either one or two dependent children; and Across New Zealand around six out of ten (56%) Māori families had either one or two dependent aroundAcross threeNew Zealandout of ten around (31%) Māori six out families of ten had (56%) either M three,āori families or four or had more either dependent one or children.two dependent Around one in children; and around three out of ten (31%) Māori families had either three, or four or more tenchildren; (12%) Māoriand around families three had no out dependent of ten (31%) children. Māori families had either three, or four or more dependent children. Around one in ten (12%) Māori families had no dependent children. dependent children. Around one in ten (12%) Māori families had no dependent children. Figure 29: 29: New New Zealand Zealand Mā oriMāori-Number‐Number of dependent of dependent children children Figure 29: New Zealand Māori‐Number of dependent children

Across New Zealand one parent Māori families were more likely to have either one or no dependent Across New Zealand one parent Māori families were more likely to have either one or no dependent child,Across while New Zealand a Māori one couple parent were Māori more families likely were to havemore eitherlikely to two, have three either or one four or noor dependentmore dependent child, while a child, while a Māori couple were more likely to have either two, three or four or more dependent children.Māori couple were more likely to have either two, three or four or more dependent children. children. Figure 30: New Zealand Māori‐family type and number of dependent children Figure 30: 30: New New Zealand Zealand Mā Māori-familyori‐family type andtype number and number of dependent of dependent children children

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Across the North Island Māori families were most likely to have one or two dependent children than three, or four Across the North Island Māori families were most likely to have one or two dependent children than or more dependent children. Acrossthree, orthe four North or moreIsland dependent Māori families children. were most likely to have one or two dependent children than three, or four or more dependent children. FigureFigure 31: 31: North North Island Island Mā Māori-Numberori‐Number of dependent of dependent children children Figure 31: North Island Māori‐Number of dependent children North Island Māori-Family type and number of North Island Māori-Family type and number of dependent children dependent children

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% No dependent children No dependent children One dependent child One dependent child Two dependent children Two dependent children Three dependent children Three dependent children Four or more dependent children Four or more dependent children

Total people with children Total people with children

Within the North Island one parent Māori families were more likely to have either one or no Within the North Island one parent Māori families were more likely to have either one or no Withindependent the North child, Island while one a Mparentāori coupleMāori families were morewere more likely likely to two, to have three either or four one or nomore dependent dependent child, dependent child, while a Māori couple were more likely to two, three or four or more dependent whilechildren. a Māori couple were more likely to two, three or four or more dependent children. children. Figure 32: North Island Māori‐Family type and number of dependent children Figure 32: 32: North North Island Island Mā oriMāori-Family‐Family type and type number and number of dependent of dependent children children North Island Māori-Family type and number of North Island Māori-Family type and number of dependent children dependent children

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% No dependent children No dependent children One dependent child One dependent child Two dependent children Two dependent children Three dependent children Three dependent children Four or more dependent children Four or more dependent children

Couple with child(ren) One parent with child(ren) Couple with child(ren) One parent with child(ren)

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Relationships, Family and Children continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Across the South Island Māori families were most likely to have one or two dependent children than three, or four Across the South Island Māori families were most likely to have one or two dependent children than or more dependent children. Acrossthree, orthe four South or moreIsland dependent Māori families children. were most likely to have one or two dependent children than three, or four or more dependent children. Figure 33: 33: South South Island Island Mā oriMāori-Number‐Number of dependent of dependent children children Figure 33: South Island Māori‐Number of dependent children

Within the South Island one parent Māori families were more likely to have either one or no WithindependentWithin thethe South South child, Island Islandwhile one aone M parentā parentori couple Māori M āfamilies oriwere families more were weremorelikely likely moreto two, to likely have three toeither orhave four one either oror moreno one dependent dependentor no child, dependentchildren.while a Māori child, couple while were a more Māori likely couple to two, were three more or four likely or moreto two, dependent three or children. four or more dependent children.Figure 34: South Island Māori‐Family type and number of dependent children FigureFigure 34: 34: South South Island Island Mā oriMāori-Family‐Family type and type number and number of dependent of dependent children children South Island Māori-Family type and number of South Island Mdependentāori-Family children type and number of dependent children

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% No dependent children

NoOne dependent dependent children child

TwoOne dependent dependent children child

ThreeTwo dependentdependent childrenchildren

Four orThree more dependentdependent childrenchildren Four or more dependent children Couple with child(ren) One parent with child(ren) Couple with child(ren) One parent with child(ren)

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Family Type and number of dependent children by Māori electorate Family Type and number of dependent children by Māori electorate Tāmaki Makaurau had the highest proportion of Māori families with no dependent children. The North Island Tāmaki Makaurau had the highest proportion of Māori families with no dependent children. The and South Island parts of Te Tai Tonga had the lowest proportions of Māori families with four or more dependent North Island and South Island parts of Te Tai Tonga had the lowest proportions of Māori families children. with four or more dependent children.

FigureFigure 35: 35: Number Number of ofdependent dependent children children by Mā byori Māori electorate electorate

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

ThisEducation, section looks Income,at education, Workincome, workand and the the labourLabour force. force ThisEducation, section looks Income, at education, Work income, and work the and Labour the labour force force. This section looks at education, income, work and the labour force. Highest qualification by region Highest qualification by region ForHighest those qualificationaged 15 years andby region over, South Island Māori had a larger proportion of the population with For those aged 15 years and over, South Island Māori had a larger proportion of the population with their highest Fortheir those highest aged qualification 15 years and being over, either South at Island certificat Māeori level had or a largerdiploma proportion level than of compared the population with North with qualification being either at certificate level or diploma level than compared with North Island Māori. Islandtheir highest Māori. qualification being either at certificate level or diploma level than compared with North Island Māori. Figure 36: 36: M Māoriāori highest highest qualification qualification Figure 36: Māori highest qualification

For those aged 15 years and over, the North Island Māori had a larger proportion of population with Fortheir those those highest aged aged qualification 15 15 years years and and over,was over, theat Bachelor Norththe North Island De Island greeMāori and Mhadā oriabove a larger had level a proportion larger than proportion the of populationSouth ofIsland population with M theirāori. highestwith qualificationtheirHowever highest M āwas oriqualification atNorth Bachelor Island wasDegree also at Bachelorandhad abovea larger De levelgree proportion than and the above South of their level Island population than Māori. the However South with noIsland Māori qualification MNorthāori. Island alsoHowevercompared had a largerM toā oriSouth proportion North Island Island of M theirā alsoori. population had a larger with proportion no qualification of their compared population to South with Island no qualification Māori. compared to South Island Māori. Figure 37: Māori highest qualification Figure 37: 37: M Māoriāori highest highest qualification qualification

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Across New Zealand Māori males were more likely to have either no qualification or a certificate level qualification Acrosscompared New to ZealandMāori females. Māori While males Māori were females more werelikely more to have likely either to have no a qualificationDiploma level or Bachelora certificate and above levelqualification qualification compared compared to Māori to males.Māori females. While Māori females were more likely to have a AcrossDiploma New level Zealand or Bachelor Māori and males above were qualification more likely compared to have either to M noāori qualification males. or a certificate level qualification compared to Māori females. While Māori females were more likely to have a Figure 38: 38: New New Zealand Zealand Mā oriMāori highest highest qualification qualification by gender by gender Diploma level or Bachelor and above qualification compared to Māori males.

Figure 38: New Zealand Māori highest qualification by gender

Within the North Island Māori males were more likely to have either no qualification or a certificate levelWithin qualification the North Island compared Māori males to M wereāori morefemales. likely While to have M āeitherori females no qualification were more or a likely certificate to have level a WithinDiplomaqualification the level North compared or Bachelor Island to MāoriM āandori females. abovemales werequalification While more Māori likelyfemales compared to werehave to more either Mā likelyori no males. toqualification have a Diploma or a level certificate or levelBachelor qualification and above comparedqualification to comparedMāori females. to Māori While males. Māori females were more likely to have a Figure 39: North Island Māori highest qualification by gender Diploma level or Bachelor and above qualification compared to Māori males. Figure 39: North Island Māori highest qualification by gender Figure 39: North Island Māori highest qualification by gender

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the South Island Māori males were more likely to have either no qualification or a certificate level Within the South Island Māori males were more likely to have either no qualification or a certificate qualificationWithin the comparedSouth Island to Māori Mā orifemales. males While were Māori more females likely were to morehave likely either to haveno qualification a Diploma level or or a certificate level qualification compared to Māori females. While Māori females were more likely to have a Bachelorlevel qualification and above qualification compared comparedto Māori tofemales. Māori males. While Māori females were more likely to have a Diploma level or Bachelor and above qualification compared to Māori males. Diploma level or Bachelor and above qualification compared to Māori males. FigureFigure 40: 40: South South Island Island Māori Māori highest highest qualification qualification by gender by gender Figure 40: South Island Māori highest qualification by gender

Highest qualification by Māori electorate

TheHighest North Island qualification Part of Te Tai Tonga by and Māori Tāmaki electorateMakaurau had the largest proportion of Māori withHighest their highestqualification qualification by Mbeingāori a electorateBachelor degree and above. The North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga and Tāmaki Makaurau had the largest proportion of Māori with their highest FigurequalificationThe North 41: Māori Island being highest Parta qualificationBachelor of Te degree Tai by MTonga āandori electorateabove. and Tā maki Makaurau had the largest proportion of Māori with their highest qualification being a Bachelor degree and above.

Figure 41:41: M Māoriāori highest highest qualification qualification by Mbyā oriMāori electorate electorate

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Personal income by region Personal income by region AcrossPersonal New Zealand income the median by region personal income for those aged 15 years and over was higher for Across New Zealand the median personal income for those aged 15 years and over was higher for MAcrossāori Newmales Zealand (at just the under median $30,000 personal pe incomer annum) for those than aged compared 15 years andto M overāori was females higher (atfor Māorijust over males (at $20,000Mjustāori under males per $30,000 annum). (at justper annum) under $30,000than compared per annum) to Māori than females compared (at just over to $20,000Māori femalesper annum). (at just over $20,000 per annum). FigureFigure 42: 42: New New Zealand Zealand M āMāori-medianori‐median personal personal income income Figure 42: New Zealand Māori‐median personal income

Within the North Island the median personal income for those aged 15 years and over was higher for Within the North Island the median personal income for those aged 15 years and over was higher for MWithināori themales North (at Island $28,000 the median per annum) personal than income compared for those to aged Mā 15ori years females and over (at justwas higherover $20,000 for Māori per males Māori males (at $28,000 per annum) than compared to Māori females (at just over $20,000 per annum).(at $28,000 per annum) than compared to Māori females (at just over $20,000 per annum). annum). Figure 43: North Island Māori‐median personal income Figure 43: 43: North North Island Island M āMāori-medianori‐median personal personal income income

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the South Island the median personal income for those aged 15 years and over was higher for MWithināori themales South (at Island just underthe median $35,000 personal per rincome annum)annum) for than thanthose comparedcompared aged 15 years toto and MMā oriover females was higher (at for just Māori over males $20,000(at just under per $35,000 annum). per annum) than compared to Māori females (at just over $20,000 per annum). Figure 44: South Island Māori‐median personal income Figure 44:44: South South Island Island M Māori-medianāori‐median personal personal income income

Personal income by Māori electorate Personal income income by M byāori Māori electorate electorate For Māori males the median personal income was highest (at just under $35,000 per annum) within For Māori Māori males males the themedian median personal personal income income was highest was (at hi ghestjust under (at just$35,000 under per annum)$35,000 within per annum)the North within the North Island and South Island parts of the Te Tai Tonga electorate. For Māori females the Islandthe North and South Island Island and parts South of theIsland Te Tai parts Tonga of electorate. the Te Tai For Tonga Māori electorate.females the median For M āpersonalori females income the was median personal income was highest (at just under $30,000 per annum) in the North Island part of highestmedian (at personal just under income $30,000 was per annum)highest in (at the just North under Island $30,000 part of the per Te annum)Tai Tonga inelectorate. the North Island part of thethe TeTe TaiTai TongaTonga electorate.electorate. Figure 45: 45: New New Zealand Zealand M Māori-medianāori‐median personal personal income income by M byāori Māori electorate electorate Figure 45: New Zealand Māori‐median personal income by Māori electorate

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Sources of personal income by region Sources of ofpersonal personal income income by region by region ForFor NewNew ZealandZealand MMāāoriori agedaged 1515 yearsyears andand over,over, aroundaround sixsix outout ofof tenten (58%)(58%) listedlisted wages,wages, salary,salary, For New Zealand Māori aged 15 years and over, around six out of ten (58%) listed wages, salary, commissions, commissions,commissions, bonusesbonuses etc.etc. asas theirtheir mostmost commoncommon sourcesource ofof personalpersonal income.income. IncomeIncome supportsupport bonuses etc. as their most common source of personal income. Income support (Unemployment Benefit, (Unemployment(Unemployment Benefit,Benefit, SicknessSickness Benefit,Benefit, DomesticDomestic PurposesPurposes Benefit,Benefit, InvalidsInvalids Benefit,Benefit, StudentStudent Sickness Benefit, Domestic Purposes Benefit, Invalids Benefit, Student Allowance, and Other Government Allowance,Allowance, andand OtherOther GovernmentGovernment Benefits)Benefits) atat jujustst overover 30%30% waswas thethe secondsecond mostmost commoncommon sourcesource Benefits) at just over 30% was the second most common source of personal income. ofof personalpersonal income.income.

FigureFigure 46: 46: 46: New New New Zealand Zealand Zealand M Māā oriMāori-sourcesori‐‐sourcessources of of personal personal of personal income income income

ForFor North North Island IslandIsland Māori MMāāoriori aged agedaged 15 15years15 yearsyears and andover,and over, over,around aroundaround six out sixsix of outtenout (57%) ofof tenten listed (57%)(57%) wages, listedlisted salary, wages,wages, commissions, salary,salary, commissions,bonusescommissions, etc. as bonusesbonusestheir most etc.etc. common asas theirtheir source mostmost of commoncommon personal income.sourcesource ofIncomeof personalpersonal support income.income. (Unemployment IncomeIncome supportsupport Benefit, (UnemploymentSickness(Unemployment Benefit, Domestic Benefit,Benefit, Purposes SicknessSickness Benefit, Benefit,Benefit, Invalids DomesticDomestic Benefit, PurposesPurposes Student Benefit,Benefit, Allowance, InvalidsInvalids and Other Benefit,Benefit, Government StudentStudent Allowance, and Other Government Benefits) at just over 30% was the second most common source Benefits)Allowance, at just and over Other 30% Government was the second Benefits) most common at just sourceover 30% of personal was the income. second most common source ofof personalpersonal income.income.

FigureFigure 47: 47: 47: North North North Island Island Island M Māā oriMāori-sourcesori‐‐sourcessources of of personal personal of personal income income income

63 - 65 - 63

Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT For South Island Māori aged 15 years and over, two-thirds (66%) listed wages, salary, commissions, Forbonuses South Island etc. asMāori the aged most 15 commoyears andn over, source two-thirds of personal (66%) listed income. wages, Income salary, commissions, support (Unemployment bonuses etc. asBenefit, the most Sickness common Benefit,source of personalDomestic income. Purposes Income Benefi supportt, (UnemploymentInvalids Benefit, Benefit, Student Sickness Allowance, Benefit, and Other DomesticGovernment Purposes Benefits) Benefit, Invalidsat around Benefit, one-quarter Student Allowance, (26%) wasand Other the second Government most Benefits) common at around source one- of quarterpersonal (26%) income. was the second most common source of personal income.

Figure 48: South IslandIsland M Māori-sourcesāori‐sources of of personal personal income income

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Sources of personal income by Māori electorate TheSources North Island of personal and South Islandincome parts by of TeMāori Tai Tonga electorate had higher proportions (at two-thirds and over)The North of MIslandāori and who South listed Island wages, parts ofsalary, Te Tai Tonga commissions, had higher proportionsbonuses etc. (at two-thirdsas their most and over) common of Māori source of personwho listed income wages, salary,compared commissions, to all thebonuses other etc. M asā theirori electorates. most common Thesource North of person Island income and compared South Island to parts ofall theTe otherTai Tonga Māori electorates.also had lower The North proportions Island and South(at around Island parts one-quarter) of Te Tai Tonga of Malsoāori had who lower listed proportions Income Support(at around (Unemployment one-quarter) of Māori Benefit, who listed Sickness Income SupportBenefit, (Unemployment Domestic Purposes Benefit, SicknessBenefit, Benefit, Invalids Domestic Benefit, StudentPurposes Benefit,Allowance, Invalids and Benefit, Other Student Government Allowance, Bene andfits) Other as Government their second Benefits) most as common their second source most of common source of personal income compared to all the other Māori electorates. personal income compared to all the other Māori electorates.

Figure 49:49: MMāori-sourcesāori‐sources of of personal personal income income by by M Māoriāori electorate electorate

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Work and Labour force status by region OverWork two-thirds and Labour (68%) of forceall New status Zealand byMā oriregion aged 15 years and over were in the labour force, the SouthOver two-thirds Island had (68%) a ofslightly all New higher Zealand proportion Māori aged 15 of years Mā oriand inover the were labour in the force labour at force, 73% the compared South Island with the Northhad a slightly Island higher at 68%. proportion In terms of Māori of work in the status labour 45%force atof 73% New compared Zealand with M ātheori North aged Island 15 years at 68%. and In over were full-timeterms of work employees, status 45% ofa furtherNew Zealand 15% Māori were aged part-time 15 years employees,and over were andfull-time 10% employees, were currently a further unemployed.15% Southwere part-time Island employees,Māori had and a higher 10% were proportions currently unemployed. full-time Southemployees Island Māori (at 51%) had a andhigher part-time proportions employees (atfull-time 16%) employees compared (at 51%)to North and part-time Island M employeesāori (44% (at for16%) full-time compared employees to North Island and Māori 13% (44% for for part-time full- employees).time employees South and 13% Island for part-time Māori employees).aged 15 years South and Island over Māori also aged had 15 ayears lower and proportion over also had ofa lower those currentlyproportion ofunemployed those currently (at unemployed 6%) compared (at 6%) tocompared their North to their Island North Islandcounterparts counterparts (at (at 10%). 10%).

Figure 50:50: MMāoriāori workwork and and labour labour force force status status

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT For those aged 15 years and over, across New Zealand a higher proportion of Māori males (73%) wereFor those in theaged labour 15 years force and over, than across Mā Newori females Zealand a(65%). higher proportionAcross New of Māori Zealand, males over(73%) halfwere (55%) in the of Māori maleslabour force aged than 15 Māoriyears females and over (65%). were Across employed New Zealand, full-time over half compared (55%) of Māori to aroundmales aged four 15 inyears ten (37%) Māori femalesand over were aged employed 15 years full-time and over. compared However to around twice four the in ten proportion (37%) Māori of females Māori aged females 15 years aged and 15 years and overover. However (18%) were twice theemployed proportion part-time of Māori females compared aged 15to yearsMāori and males over (18%) (9%) were aged employed 15 years part-time and over. Also a highercompared proportion to Māori males of M(9%)āori aged females 15 years (37%) and over. aged Also 15 a higheryears proportionand over ofwere Māori not females in the (37%) labour aged force15 comparedyears and over to were Mā orinot malesin the labour (25%) force aged compared 15 years to Māori and over.males (25%)Across aged New 15 yearsZealand, and over. for Acrossthose New aged 15 yearsZealand, and for thoseover agedthe proportions 15 years and over of unemploymentthe proportions of unemploymentwere similar forwere M similarāori malesfor Māori (9%) males and (9%) M āori femalesand Māori (10%).females (10%).

Figure 51:51: New Zealand M Māoriāori work work and and labour labour force force status status by by gender gender

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT For those aged 15 years and over, across the North Island a higher proportion of Māori males (72%) wereFor those in the aged labour 15 years force and over, than across Māori the femalesNorth Island (64%). a higher Over proportion half (54%) of Māori of North males (72%) Island were M āinori the males agedlabour 15 force years than and Māori over females were (64%). employed Over half full-time(54%) of North compared Island Māori to over males one-third aged 15 years (36%) and overof North were Island Memployedāori females full-time aged compared 15 years to over and one-third over. However(36%) of North with Islandin the Māori North females Island aged almost 15 years twice and over. the proportion ofHowever Māori within females the North aged Island 15 years almost and twice over the (17%)proportion were of Māoriemployed females part-time aged 15 years compared and over (17%)to M āori males (9%)were employedaged 15 yearspart-time and compared over. A to higher Māori malesproportion (9%) aged of 15North years Islandand over. M Aā higherori females proportion (36%) of North aged 15 years andIsland over Māori were females not (36%) in the aged labour 15 years force and overcompared were not to in Norththe labour Island force M comparedāori males to North (28%) Island aged Māori 15 years andmales over. (28%) For aged those 15 years aged and 15 over. years For those and agedover, 15 within years and the over, North within Island the North the proportionsIsland the proportions of of unemploymentunemployment were were similar similar for Māori for malesMāori (10%) males and (10%) Māori females and M (11%).āori females (11%).

FigureFigure 52: 52: North North Island Island M Māoriāori work work and and labour labour force force status status by by gender gender

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT For those aged 15 years and over, within the South Island a higher proportion of Māori males (77%) Forwere those in agedthe labour 15 years force and over, than within Mā theori Southfemales Island (68%). a higher Across proportion the South of Māori island males close(77%) wereto two-thirds in the (63%) labourof Mā forceori males than Māori aged females 15 years (68%). and Across over the were South employed island close full-timeto two-thirds compared (63%) of Māori to over males one-third aged 15 (39%) yearsof M andāori over females were employed aged 15 full-time years and compared over. toHowever over one-third more (39%) than of twiceMāori femalesthe proportion aged 15 years of Southand Island over.Māori However females more aged than 15 twice years the proportionand over of(22%) South were Island employedMāori females part-time aged 15 years compared and over to(22%) South were Island employedMāori males part-time (9%) compared aged 15 to years South and Island over. Māori A males higher (9%) proportion aged 15 years of and South over. Island A higher M proportionāori females of (32%) Southaged Island15 years Māori and females over (32%) were aged not 15 in years the andlabour over forcewere not compared in the labour to forceSouth compared Island Mto Southāori males Island (23%) Māoriaged males15 years (23%) and aged over. 15 years For and those over. aged For those 15 yearsaged 15 an yearsd over and theover proportionsthe proportions of of unemployment unemployment were weresimilar similar for for South South Island Island MāoriMāori males males (5%) (5%) and Southand South Island MāoriIsland females Māori (7%). females (7%).

Figure 53: South IslandIsland M Māoriāori work work and and labour labour force force status status by by gender gender

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Work and Labour force status by Māori electorate MostWork North and Island Labour Māori forceelectorates status had aroundby Māori two-thirds electorate of their Māori population in the labour forceMost North and one-thirdIsland Māori not. electorates Waiariki had hadaround a slightly two-thirds lo ofwer their proportion Māori population of those in the employed labour force full-time and one- (42%) comparedthird not. Waiariki to other had a North slightly Island lower proportion Māori electorates of those employed whose full-time proportions (42%) compared ranged fromto other 46% North (T āmaki Makaurau)Island Māori electorates down to whose44% (all proportions of the other ranged North from 46% Island (Tāmaki Mā oriMakaurau) electorates). down to The44% (allproportion of the other of part- timeNorth employmentIsland Māori electorates). and the Theproportions proportion of part-timeunemplo employmentyment were and similar the proportions across ofall unemployment North Island Māori electorates.were similar across all North Island Māori electorates.

FigureFigure 54: 54: M Māoriāori work work and and labour labour force force status status by by M Māoriāori electorate electorate

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Status in employment by region StatusForStatus those in inaged employmentemployment 15 years and over, byby across regionregion all of New Zealand (and as well as within the North Island and within the ForSouthFor thosethose Island), agedaged 85% 1515 of yearsemployedyears andand Māori over,over, were acrossacross paid allall employees ofof NeNeww ZealandandZealand 7% were (and(and Self-Employed asas wellwell asas withinwithin (Without thethe Employees). NorthNorth IslandIsland andTheand only withinwithin difference thethe SouthSouth between Island),Island), the North 85%85% ofIslandof employedemployed and South MM Islandāāoriori were werewas that paidpaid 5% employeesemployees of South Island andand Māori 7%7% were were Self-Self- EmployedemployersEmployed but (Without(Without only 3% Employees).ofEmployees). North Island The TheMāori onlyonly were differencdifferenc employers.ee betweenbetween thethe NorthNorth IslandIsland andand SouthSouth IslandIsland waswas thatthat 5%5% ofof SouthSouth IslandIsland MMāāoriori werewere employersemployers butbut onlyonly 3%3% ofof NorthNorth IslandIsland MMāāoriori werewere employers.employers. Figure 55: New Zealand Māori status in employment by region FigureFigure 55:55: NewNew ZealandZealand MMāāoriori statusstatus inin employmentemployment byby regionregion

AcrossAcross NewNew ZealandZealand higherhigher proportionsproportions ofof MMāāoriori femalesfemales werewere likelylikely toto bebe PaidPaid EmployeesEmployees whilewhile aa higherAcrosshigher New proportionproportion Zealand higher ofof MMāā proportionsoriori malesmales werewere of Māori likelylikely females toto bebe were EmployersEmployers likely to be andand Paid Self-EmployedSelf-Employed Employees while (Without(Without a higher employees).proportionemployees). of Māori males were likely to be Employers and Self-Employed (Without employees).

FigureFigure 56: 56:56: NewNew New ZealandZealand Zealand MM āMāoriāoriori statusstatus status inin employment employmentin employment byby gendergender by gender

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AcrossAcross the thethe North NorthNorth Island IslandIsland higher higherhigher proportions proportionsproportions of Māori ofof females MMāāoriori femaleswerefemales likely werewere to be likelylikelyPaid Employees toto bebe PaidPaid while EmployeesEmployees a higher whilewhile aaproportion higherhigher proportionproportion of Māori males ofof MM wereāāoriori likely malesmales to be werewere Employers likelylikely totoand bebe Self-Employed EmployersEmployers and(Withoutand Self-EmployedSelf-Employed employees). (Without(Without employees).employees). Figure 57: North Island Māori status in employment by gender FigureFigure 57:57: NorthNorth IslandIsland MMāāoriori statusstatus inin employmentemployment byby gendergender

AcrossAcross thethe SouthSouth IslandIsland higherhigher proportionsproportions ofof MMāāoriori femalesfemales werewere likelylikely toto bebe PaidPaid EmployeesEmployees whilewhile Across the South Island higher proportions of Māori females were likely to be Paid Employees while a higher aa higherhigher proportionproportion ofof MMāāoriori malesmales werewere likelylikely toto bebe EmployersEmployers andand Self-EmployedSelf-Employed (Without(Without proportion of Māori males were likely to be Employers and Self-Employed (Without employees) employees)employees)

FigureFigure 58:58: 58: SouthSouth South IslandIsland Island MMā āMāorioriori statusstatus status inin employmentemployment in employment byby gendergender by gender

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT StatusStatus inin employmentemployment byby MMāāoriori electorateelectorate Across the Māori electorates a lower proportion of Māori in Te Tai Tokerau were likely to be Paid StatusAcross the in Mā employmentori electorates a lower by proportion Māori ofelectorate Māori in Te Tai Tokerau were likely to be Paid Employees because within that electorate there is a larger proportion of Māori who are Self- AcrossEmployees the Māori because electorates within a that lower electorate proportion there of Māori is a in larger Te Tai proportionTokerau were of likely Māori to bewho Paid are Employees Self- Employed (Without employees). becauseEmployed within (Without that electorate employees). there is a larger proportion of Māori who are Self-Employed (Without employees). Figure 59: Māori status in employment by Māori electorate Figure 59: 59: M Māoriāori status status in employment in employment by M ābyori Māori electorate electorate

OccupationOccupation groupsgroups byby regionregion AcrossOccupation New Zealand groups the top six by occupation region categories for employed Māori were Labourers (16%), Across New Zealand the top six occupation categories for employed Māori were Labourers (16%), ProfessionalsAcross New Zealand (13%), the Managers top six occupation (11%), Technicians categories forand employed Trades Workers Māori were (11%), Labourers Community (16%), Professionals and Professionals (13%), Managers (11%), Technicians and Trades Workers (11%), Community and Personal(13%), Managers Service (11%), Workers Technicians (11%), and TradesClerical Workers and Administrative (11%), Community Workers and Personal (11%). SouthService Island Workers M (11%),āori Personal Service Workers (11%), and Clerical and Administrative Workers (11%). South Island Māori hadand aClerical higher and proportion Administrative of Labourers Workers (11%). (20%) South and Te Islandchnicians Māori andhad aTrades higher Workproportioners (14%) of Labourers compared (20%) to had a higher proportion of Labourers (20%) and Technicians and Trades Workers (14%) compared to Northand Technicians Island M āandori Trades(16% and Workers 10% (14%) respectively). compared North to North Island Island M Māoriāori had (16% a higherand 10% proportion respectively). of North North Island Māori (16% and 10% respectively). North Island Māori had a higher proportion of ProfessionalsIsland Māori had (16%) a higher and proportionClerical and of AdministrativeProfessionals (16%) Workers and Clerical (11%) and compared Administrative to North Workers Island (11%) Mā ori Professionals (16%) and Clerical and Administrative Workers (11%) compared to North Island Māori (13% and 9% respectively). compared(13% and to9% North respectively). Island Māori (13% and 9% respectively). Figure 60: Māori occupation for employed by region Figure 60: 60: M Māoriāori occupation occupation for employedfor employed by region by region

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Occupation groups by gender AcrossOccupation New Zealand groups Māori by males gender were more likely to be employed as Labourers, Managers, Technicians and TradesAcross Workers, New Zealand and Machinery Māori males Operators were and more Drivers likely than to Māoribe employed females. Whileas Labourers, Māori females Managers, were more likely Occupation groups by gender toTechnicians be employed and as TradesProfessionals, Workers, Community and Machinery and Personal Operators Service andWorkers, Drivers Clerical than and Mā Administrativeori females. While Workers, Across New Zealand Māori males were more likely to be employed as Labourers, Managers, andMāori Sales females Workers. were more likely to be employed as Professionals, Community and Personal Service TechniciansWorkers, Clerical and Trades and Administrative Workers, and Workers, Machinery and Operators Sales Workers. and Drivers than Māori females. While Māori females were more likely to be employed as Professionals, Community and Personal Service Figure 61: 61: New New Zealand Zealand Mā Māoriori occupation occupation for employed for employed by gender by gender Workers, Clerical and Administrative Workers, and Sales Workers.

Figure 61: New Zealand Māori occupation for employed by gender

Within the North Island Māori males were more likely to be employed as Labourers, Managers, Within the North Island Māori males were more likely to be employed as Labourers, Managers, Technicians and TradesTechnicians Workers, and and Trades Machinery Workers, Operators and andMachinery Drivers thanOperators Māori females.and Drivers While than Māori M femalesāori females. were more While likely Within the North Island Māori males were more likely to be employed as Labourers, Managers, toM ābeori employed females wereas Professionals, more likely Community to be employed and Personal as Professionals, Service Workers, Community Clerical and and Administrative Personal Service Workers, TechniciansWorkers, Clerical and Trades and Administrative Workers, and Workers, Machinery and Operators Sales Workers. and Drivers than Māori females. While and Sales Workers. Māori females were more likely to be employed as Professionals, Community and Personal Service Figure 62: North Island Māori occupation for employed by gender Workers, Clerical and Administrative Workers, and Sales Workers. Figure 62: North Island Māori occupation for employed by gender Figure 62: North Island Māori occupation for employed by gender

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the South Island Māori males were more likely to be employed as Labourers, Managers, Technicians and TradesWithin Workers the South and, Island Machinery Māori Operators males were and Drivers more likelythan Māori to be females. employed While as Māori Labourers, females Managers, were more likely WithintoTechnicians be employed the South and as TradesProfessionals,Island M Workersāori Communitymales and, were Machinery and more Personal likely Operators Service to be employed andWorkers, Drivers Clerical as than Labourers, and Mā Administrativeori females. Managers, While Workers, TechniciansandMāori Sales females Workers. and were Trades more Workers likely to and, be employedMachinery as Operators Professionals, and Drivers Community than M andāori Personal females. Service While MWorkers,āori females Clerical were and more Administrative likely to be Workers,employed and as Professionals,Sales Workers. Community and Personal Service Workers, Clerical and Administrative Workers, and Sales Workers. FigureFigure 63: 63: South South Island Island Mā Māoriori occupation occupation for employed for employed by gender by gender Figure 63: South Island Māori occupation for employed by gender

Occupation groups by Māori electorate Occupation groups groups by Mā oriby electorate Māori electorate WithinWithin Tāmaki Tāmaki Makaurau Makaurau and and the Norththe North Island Island Part of Part Te Tai of Tonga Te Tai Māori Tonga are M moreāori likelyare more to be likelyemployed to be in Withinemployed Tāmaki in Professional Makaurau andOccupations the North and Island less Part likely of to Te be Tai labourers Tonga M comparedāori are more to M likelyāori withinto be Professional Occupations and less likely to be labourers compared to Māori within other electorates (such as employedother electorates in Professional (such as Occupations Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and and less Te likely Tai Hauto beāuru). labourers compared to Māori within Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Te Tai Hauāuru). other electorates (such as Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Te Tai Hauāuru). Figure 64: Māori occupation for employed by Māori electorate Figure 64: 64: M Māoriāori occupation occupation for employed for employed by Mā byori electorateMāori electorate

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Industry by region IndustryAcross New by Zealand region the top six industries of occupation for employed Māori were Manufacturing (11%), AcrossHealth NewCare Zealandand Social the Assistance top six industries (9%), Construction of occupation (9%), for Retail employed Trade (9%), Māori Education were Manufacturing and Training (8%), and (11%),Agriculture, Health Forestry Care and and Social Fishing Assistance (7%). Māori (9%), males Construction were more (9%), likely Retail to be Tradeemployed (9%), within Education the industries and of Training (8%), and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (7%). Māori males were more likely to be Manufacturing (15%), Construction (15%) and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (9%), while Māori females were employed within the industries of Manufacturing (15%), Construction (15%) and Agriculture, Forestrymore likely and to Fishing be employed (9%), while within M theāori industries females were of Health more Care likely and to Social be employed Assistance within (15%), the Education and industriesTraining (13%), of Health and RetailCare andTrade Social (11%). Assistance (15%), Education and Training (13%), and Retail Trade (11%). Figure 65: New Zealand Māori industry of occupation Figure 65: New Zealand Māori industry of occupation

New Zealand Male Female Total Male Female Total Manufacturing 20,454 8,958 29,412 15% 7% 11% Health Care and Social Assistance 3,846 20,274 24,120 3% 15% 9% Construction 20,448 2,664 23,109 15% 2% 9% Retail Trade 8,685 14,286 22,971 7% 11% 9% Education and Training 5,469 16,842 22,311 4% 13% 8% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 12,369 5,760 18,129 9% 4% 7% Accommodation and Food Services 4,644 10,920 15,561 4% 8% 6% Public Administration and Safety 7,515 7,776 15,291 6% 6% 6% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 9,402 4,104 13,509 7% 3% 5% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 6,258 7,155 13,413 5% 5% 5% Wholesale Trade 6,117 3,747 9,861 5% 3% 4% Other Services 4,311 5,370 9,684 3% 4% 4% Administrative and Support Services 4,332 5,340 9,669 3% 4% 4% Financial and Insurance Services 2,412 4,047 6,459 2% 3% 2% Arts and Recreation Services 2,436 2,784 5,223 2% 2% 2% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 2,454 2,640 5,094 2% 2% 2% Information Media and Telecommunications 1,746 2,022 3,768 1% 2% 1% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 1,503 648 2,151 1% 0% 1% Mining 864 108 972 1% 0% 0% Total people stated 125,262 125,439 250,701 95% 96% 95% Not Elsewhere Included 6,900 5,586 12,483 5% 4% 5% Total people, New Zealand 132,162 131,022 263,184 100% 100% 100%

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Within the the North North Island Island the thetop topsix industries six industries of occupation of occupation for employed for employed Māori were M Manufacturingāori were Manufacturing (11%), Health(11%), Care Health and Care Social and Assistance Social Assistance(9%), Education (9%) and, Education Training (9%), and RetailTraining Trade (9%), (8%), Retail Construction Trade (8%),(8%), and Agriculture,Construction Forestry (8%), and and Fishing Agriculture, (6%). Māori Forestry males and were Fishing more likely (6%). to M beā oriemployed males werewithin more the industries likely to of be Manufacturingemployed within (15%), the Construction industries of(15%) Manufacturin and Agriculture,g (15%), Forestry Construction and Fishing (15%) (9%), while and Agriculture,Māori females were moreForestry likely and to be Fishing employed (9%), within while the M industriesāori females of Health were Care more and likely Social to Assistance be employed (16%), within Education the and Trainingindustries (13%), of Health and Retail Care Trade and (10%). Social Assistance (16%), Education and Training (13%), and Retail Trade (10%). Figure 66: North Island Māori industry of occupation Figure 66: North Island Māori industry of occupation

North Island Male Female Total Male Female Total Manufacturing 16,536 7,161 23,697 15% 7% 11% Health Care and Social Assistance 3,309 17,283 20,592 3% 16% 9% Education and Training 4,764 14,754 19,518 4% 13% 9% Retail Trade 7,098 11,433 18,531 7% 10% 8% Construction 15,915 2,103 18,018 15% 2% 8% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 9,825 4,311 14,139 9% 4% 6% Public Administration and Safety 6,414 6,909 13,323 6% 6% 6% Accommodation and Food Services 3,705 8,571 12,279 3% 8% 6% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 5,238 6,180 11,421 5% 6% 5% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 7,839 3,516 11,352 7% 3% 5% Wholesale Trade 5,061 3,222 8,283 5% 3% 4% Administrative and Support Services 3,690 4,596 8,283 3% 4% 4% Financial and Insurance Services 2,079 3,507 5,586 2% 3% 3% Arts and Recreation Services 2,046 2,385 4,434 2% 2% 2% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 2,052 2,169 4,224 2% 2% 2% Information Media and Telecommunications 1,542 1,743 3,288 1% 2% 2% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 1,305 558 1,863 1% 1% 1% Mining 630 84 717 1% 0% 0% Other Services 3,582 4,419 8,001 3% 4% 4% Total people stated 102,633 104,913 207,546 95% 96% 95% Not Elsewhere Included 5,868 4,875 10,746 5% 4% 5% Total people 108,501 109,791 218,292 100% 100% 100%

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Within the the South South Island Island the the top topsix industries six industries of occupation of occupation for employed for employed Māori were M Manufacturingāori were Manufacturing (13%), (13%),Construction Construction (11%), Retail (11%), Trade Retail (10%), Trade Agriculture, (10%), Forestry Agriculture, and Fishing Forestry (9%), and Health Fishing Care and(9%), Social Health Assistance Care and(8%), Social and Accommodation Assistance (8%), and and Food Acco Servicesmmodation (7%). Māori and males Food were Services more likely(7%). to M beāori employed males were within more the likelyindustries to be of Constructionemployed within (19%), the Manufacturing industries of(17%), Construction and Agriculture, (19%), Forestry Manufacturing and Fishing (17%), (11%), whileand Māori Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (11%), while Māori females were more likely to be employed within females were more likely to be employed within the industries of Health Care and Social Assistance (14%), Retail the industries of Health Care and Social Assistance (14%), Retail Trade (13%), and Accommodation Trade (13%), and Accommodation and Food Services (11%). and Food Services (11%).

Figure 67: 67: South South Island Island Mā Māoriori industry industry of occupation of occupation

South Island Male Female Total Male Female Total Manufacturing 3,909 1,788 5,697 17% 8% 13% Construction 4,527 561 5,085 19% 3% 11% Retail Trade 1,584 2,847 4,434 7% 13% 10% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 2,481 1,431 3,915 11% 7% 9% Health Care and Social Assistance 540 2,985 3,525 2% 14% 8% Accommodation and Food Services 930 2,334 3,264 4% 11% 7% Education and Training 705 2,073 2,778 3% 10% 6% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 1,554 582 2,133 7% 3% 5% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 1,017 972 1,989 4% 5% 4% Public Administration and Safety 1,098 858 1,956 5% 4% 4% Wholesale Trade 1,053 522 1,575 4% 2% 4% Administrative and Support Services 642 744 1,386 3% 4% 3% Financial and Insurance Services 333 537 870 1% 3% 2% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 399 471 867 2% 2% 2% Arts and Recreation Services 387 399 786 2% 2% 2% Information Media and Telecommunications 201 276 480 1% 1% 1% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 201 90 288 1% 0% 1% Mining 231 21 255 1% 0% 1% Other Services 729 948 1,677 3% 4% 4% Total people stated 22,521 20,442 42,966 96% 97% 96% Not Elsewhere Included 1,020 708 1,725 4% 3% 4% Total people 23,544 21,150 44,688 100% 100% 100%

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Industry by byMā oriMāori electorate electorate Within the the Hauraki-Waikato Hauraki-Waikato electorate electorate the top the six top industries six industries of occupation of occupation for employed for Māoriemployed were Māori were Manufacturing (12%), (12%), Health Health Care Care and Socialand Social Assistance Assistance (10%), Construction (10%), Construction (9%), Education (9%), andEducation Training and (9%), RetailTraining Trade (9%), (9%), Retail and Agriculture, Trade (9%), Forestry and Ag andriculture, Fishing (6%). Forestry Māori and males Fishing were more(6%). likely Māori to bemales employed were morewithin thelikely industries to be employed of Manufacturing within (17%),the industries Construction of Manufacturing (17%) and Agriculture, (17%), Forestry Construction and Fishing (17%) (7%), and while MāoriAgriculture, females Forestry were more and likely Fishing to be employed(7%), while within Māori the females industries were of Health more Care likely and to Social be employed Assistance within(16%), Educationthe industries and Training of Health (13%), Care and and Retail Social Trade Assistance (11%). (16%), Education and Training (13%), and Retail Trade (11%).

Figure 68: 68: Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Mā Māoriori industry industry of occupation of occupation

Hauraki-Waikato Male Female Total Male Female Total Manufacturing 3,024 1,257 4,278 17% 7% 12% Health Care and Social Assistance 585 2,799 3,384 3% 16% 10% Construction 2,967 369 3,336 17% 2% 9% Education and Training 789 2,334 3,123 4% 13% 9% Retail Trade 1,125 1,896 3,018 6% 11% 9% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 1,263 699 1,959 7% 4% 6% Accommodation and Food Services 531 1,353 1,884 3% 8% 5% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 1,248 579 1,827 7% 3% 5% Public Administration and Safety 825 999 1,824 5% 6% 5% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 738 957 1,692 4% 5% 5% Wholesale Trade 915 531 1,446 5% 3% 4% Administrative and Support Services 582 780 1,362 3% 4% 4% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 354 360 717 2% 2% 2% Financial and Insurance Services 270 441 711 2% 3% 2% Arts and Recreation Services 300 360 663 2% 2% 2% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 264 129 393 1% 1% 1% Information Media and Telecommunications 141 183 324 1% 1% 1% Mining 192 15 207 1% 0% 1% Other Services 582 726 1,308 3% 4% 4% Total people stated 16,698 16,764 33,465 94% 95% 95% Not Elsewhere Included 1,002 789 1,794 6% 4% 5% Total people, Hauraki-Waikato 17,700 17,556 35,256 100% 100% 100%

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Ikaroa-Rāwhiti electorate electorate the top the six top industries six industri of occupationes of occupation for employed for employedMāori were MManufacturingāori were Manufacturing(14%), Agriculture, (14%), Forestry Agriculture, and Fishing Forestry (12%), Health and CareFishing and (12%), Social AssistanceHealth Care (10%), and Education Social Assistance and Training (10%),(9%), Retail Education Trade (8%), and and Training Construction (9%), Reta(7%).il Māori Trade males (8%), were and more Construction likely to be (7%). employed Māori within males the were industries moreof Manufacturing likely to be (18%), employed Agriculture, within Forestry the industries and Fishing of (17%),Manufacturing and Construction (18%), (13%), Agriculture, while Māori Forestry females and Fishingwere more (17%), likely and to be Construction employed within (13%), the whileindustries Mā oriof Health females Care were and Socialmore Assistancelikely to be (17%), employed Education within and theTraining industries (14%), andof Health Retail Trade Care (10%). and Social Assistance (17%), Education and Training (14%), and Retail Trade (10%).

Figure 69: 69: Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Mā Māoriori industry industry of occupation of occupation

Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Male Female Total Male Female Total Manufacturing 2,844 1,572 4,416 18% 10% 14% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 2,751 1,035 3,789 17% 6% 12% Health Care and Social Assistance 441 2,805 3,246 3% 17% 10% Education and Training 621 2,253 2,877 4% 14% 9% Retail Trade 927 1,710 2,634 6% 10% 8% Construction 2,007 240 2,247 13% 1% 7% Public Administration and Safety 990 1,155 2,142 6% 7% 7% Accommodation and Food Services 444 1,224 1,668 3% 7% 5% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 1,122 381 1,503 7% 2% 5% Administrative and Support Services 534 621 1,155 3% 4% 4% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 471 624 1,098 3% 4% 3% Wholesale Trade 555 303 861 3% 2% 3% Financial and Insurance Services 150 390 540 1% 2% 2% Arts and Recreation Services 213 282 495 1% 2% 2% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 222 267 486 1% 2% 1% Information Media and Telecommunications 132 168 300 1% 1% 1% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 150 51 204 1% 0% 1% Mining 36 3 42 0% 0% 0% Other Services 498 570 1,068 3% 3% 3% Total people stated 15,111 15,660 30,771 94% 95% 95% Not Elsewhere Included 918 756 1,677 6% 5% 5% Total people, Ikaroa-Rāwhiti 16,029 16,416 32,448 100% 100% 100%

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the the Tāmaki Tāmaki Makaurau Makaurau electorate electorate the top the six topindustries six industries of occupation of occupation for employed for Māoriemployed were Māori Manufacturingwere Manufacturing (9%), Education (9%), Education and Training and (9%), Training Professional, (9%), Professional,Scientific and Technical Scientific Services and Technical (8%), Health Services (8%), Health Care and Social Assistance (8%), Construction (8%), and Retail Trade (8%). Care and Social Assistance (8%), Construction (8%), and Retail Trade (8%). Māori males were more likely to Māori males were more likely to be employed within the industries of Construction (14%), be employed within the industries of Construction (14%), Manufacturing (12%), and Transport, Postal and Manufacturing (12%), and Transport, Postal and Warehousing (10%); while Māori females were Warehousing (10%); while Māori females were more likely to be employed within the industries of Health Care more likely to be employed within the industries of Health Care and Social Assistance (13%), and Social Assistance (13%), Education and Training (13%), and Retail Trade (10%). Education and Training (13%), and Retail Trade (10%).

Figure 70: 70: T Tāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Mā Māoriori industry industry of occupation of occupation

Tāmaki Makaurau Male Female Total Male Female Total Manufacturing 2,085 1,143 3,228 12% 6% 9% Education and Training 744 2,265 3,009 4% 13% 9% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 1,443 1,497 2,940 8% 8% 8% Health Care and Social Assistance 591 2,232 2,823 3% 13% 8% Construction 2,397 366 2,763 14% 2% 8% Retail Trade 1,110 1,614 2,727 6% 9% 8% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 1,632 1,068 2,697 10% 6% 8% Wholesale Trade 1,299 996 2,295 8% 6% 7% Accommodation and Food Services 630 1,002 1,632 4% 6% 5% Public Administration and Safety 726 855 1,581 4% 5% 5% Administrative and Support Services 693 828 1,518 4% 5% 4% Financial and Insurance Services 603 858 1,464 4% 5% 4% Information Media and Telecommunications 528 579 1,107 3% 3% 3% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 459 423 882 3% 2% 3% Arts and Recreation Services 393 474 864 2% 3% 2% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 168 93 261 1% 1% 1% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 117 63 180 1% 0% 1% Mining 18 3 21 0% 0% 0% Other Services 636 690 1,326 4% 4% 4% Total people stated 16,278 17,046 33,321 95% 95% 95% Not Elsewhere Included 870 813 1,680 5% 5% 5% Total people, Tāmaki Makaurau 17,142 17,856 34,998 100% 100% 100%

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Within the the Te Te Tai Tai Hauāuru Hauā uruelectorate electorate the top the six top industries six industries of occupation of occupation for employed for employedMāori were ManufacturingMāori were Manufacturing(14%), Health Care (14%), and Social Health Assistance Care and (10%), Social Education Assistance and Training (10%), Education(9%), Retail Tradeand Training (9%), Agriculture, (9%), Retail TradeForestry (9%), and FishingAgriculture, (8%), and Forestry Construction and Fishing (8%). Māori (8%), males and Construction were more likely (8%). to be M employedāori males within were the more likelyindustries to be of employedManufacturing within (20%), the Construction industries of(14%), Manufacturing and Agriculture, (20%), Forestry Construction and Fishing (14%), (11%), andwhile Māori Agriculture,females were Forestrymore likely and to beFishing employed (11%), within while the M industriesāori females of Health were Care more and likely Social to Assistance be employed (17%), within theEducation industries and Training of Health (14%), Care and and Retail Social Trade Assistance (11%). (17%), Education and Training (14%), and Retail Trade (11%). Figure 71: Te Tai Hauāuru Māori industry of occupation Figure 71: Te Tai Hauāuru Māori industry of occupation

Te Tai Hauāuru Male Female Total Male Female Total Manufacturing 3,666 1,488 5,151 20% 8% 14% Health Care and Social Assistance 510 3,129 3,642 3% 17% 10% Education and Training 819 2,532 3,351 4% 14% 9% Retail Trade 1,236 2,076 3,309 7% 11% 9% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 2,118 1,041 3,156 11% 6% 8% Construction 2,547 309 2,856 14% 2% 8% Public Administration and Safety 1,506 1,281 2,787 8% 7% 7% Accommodation and Food Services 564 1,698 2,262 3% 9% 6% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 1,149 387 1,539 6% 2% 4% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 534 735 1,269 3% 4% 3% Administrative and Support Services 510 630 1,140 3% 3% 3% Wholesale Trade 708 351 1,062 4% 2% 3% Financial and Insurance Services 219 435 654 1% 2% 2% Arts and Recreation Services 282 333 618 2% 2% 2% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 249 267 519 1% 1% 1% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 255 96 351 1% 1% 1% Information Media and Telecommunications 138 204 339 1% 1% 1% Mining 243 48 291 1% 0% 1% Other Services 543 759 1,305 3% 4% 3% Total people stated 17,793 17,799 35,595 95% 96% 95% Not Elsewhere Included 960 786 1,746 5% 4% 5% Total people, Te Tai Hauāuru 18,753 18,585 37,338 100% 100% 100%

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau electorate electorate the top the six topindustries six industries of occupation of occupation for employed for Māori employed were Construction Māori were Construction(10%), Health Care (10%), and HealthSocial Assistance Care and (10%), Social Retail Assistance Trade (9%), (10%), Education Retail andTrade Training (9%), (9%), Education Manufacturing and Training(8%), and (9%),Public ManufacturingAdministration and (8%), Safety and (6%). Public Māori Administration males were more and likely Safety to be (6%). employed Māori within males the were moreindustries likely of Constructionto be employed (17%), within Manufacturing the industries (12%), of and Construction Agriculture, Forestry (17%), andManufacturing Fishing (8%), (12%),while Māori and Agriculture,females were moreForestry likely and to be Fishing employed (8%), within while the M industriesāori females of Health were Care more and likely Social to Assistance be employed (17%), within theEducation industries and Training of Health (13%), Care and and Retail Social Trade Assistance (11%). (17%), Education and Training (13%), and Retail Trade (11%).

Figure 72: 72: Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau M āMāoriori industry industry of occupation of occupation

Te Tai Tokerau Male Female Total Male Female Total Construction 3,201 498 3,699 17% 3% 10% Health Care and Social Assistance 585 3,072 3,657 3% 17% 10% Retail Trade 1,374 1,914 3,288 7% 11% 9% Education and Training 750 2,436 3,186 4% 13% 9% Manufacturing 2,268 786 3,054 12% 4% 8% Public Administration and Safety 1,119 1,038 2,157 6% 6% 6% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 1,515 609 2,121 8% 3% 6% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 960 1,110 2,070 5% 6% 6% Accommodation and Food Services 600 1,272 1,878 3% 7% 5% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 1,125 504 1,629 6% 3% 4% Wholesale Trade 870 609 1,476 5% 3% 4% Administrative and Support Services 594 750 1,344 3% 4% 4% Financial and Insurance Services 390 717 1,107 2% 4% 3% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 378 432 810 2% 2% 2% Arts and Recreation Services 339 390 729 2% 2% 2% Information Media and Telecommunications 282 297 582 2% 2% 2% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 228 69 300 1% 0% 1% Mining 63 3 66 0% 0% 0% Other Services 645 771 1,419 4% 4% 4% Total people stated 17,286 17,280 34,563 94% 95% 95% Not Elsewhere Included 1,086 837 1,923 6% 5% 5% Total people, Te Tai Tokerau 18,372 18,114 36,486 100% 100% 100%

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the the Waiariki Waiariki electorate electorate the top the six top industries six industries of occupation of occupation for employed for employed Māori were M Manufacturingāori were (10%), ManufacturingEducation and Training (10%), (10%), Education Health and Care Training and Social (10% Assistance), Health (10%), Care Agriculture, and Social Forestry Assistance and Fishing (10%), (9%), Agriculture,Retail Trade (9%), Forestry and Construction and Fishing (8%). (9%), Māori Retail males Trade were (9%), more and likely Construction to be employed (8%). within Mā orithe malesindustries were moreof Manufacturing likely to be (15%), employed Construction within (14%), the industries and Agriculture, of Manufacturing Forestry and Fishing(15%), (13%),Construction while Māori (14%), females and Agriculture,were more likely Forestry to be employed and Fishing within (13%), the industrieswhile Mā ofori Health females Care were and Social more Assistance likely to be(16%), employed Education within and theTraining industries (15%), andof Health Retail Trade Care (11%). and Social Assistance (16%), Education and Training (15%), and Retail Trade (11%).

Figure 73: 73: Waiariki Waiariki M āMāoriori industry industry of occupation of occupation

Waiariki Male Female Total Male Female Total Manufacturing 2,385 792 3,177 15% 5% 10% Education and Training 759 2,361 3,117 5% 15% 10% Health Care and Social Assistance 444 2,598 3,042 3% 16% 10% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 2,043 846 2,892 13% 5% 9% Retail Trade 972 1,734 2,706 6% 11% 9% Construction 2,163 273 2,436 14% 2% 8% Accommodation and Food Services 588 1,605 2,190 4% 10% 7% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 1,257 417 1,674 8% 3% 5% Public Administration and Safety 627 732 1,359 4% 5% 4% Administrative and Support Services 573 723 1,296 4% 5% 4% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 498 660 1,161 3% 4% 4% Wholesale Trade 525 333 861 3% 2% 3% Arts and Recreation Services 342 378 720 2% 2% 2% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 267 312 579 2% 2% 2% Financial and Insurance Services 156 318 474 1% 2% 2% Information Media and Telecommunications 117 150 270 1% 1% 1% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 183 84 264 1% 1% 1% Mining 72 12 84 0% 0% 0% Other Services 537 681 1,215 3% 4% 4% Total people stated 14,505 15,009 29,517 94% 95% 95% Not Elsewhere Included 900 771 1,671 6% 5% 5% Total people, Waiariki 15,405 15,783 31,188 100% 100% 100%

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate the top six industries of occupation for Within the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate the top six industries of occupation for employed Māori employed Māori were Public Administration and Safety (14%), Professional, Scientific and Technical were Public Administration and Safety (14%), Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (11%), Education and Services (11%), Education and Training (8%), Retail Trade (8%), Health Care and Social Assistance Training (8%), Retail Trade (8%), Health Care and Social Assistance (8%), and Accommodation and Food Services (8%), and Accommodation and Food Services (7%). Māori males were most likely to be employed (7%). Māori males were most likely to be employed within the industries of Public Administration and Safety within the industries of Public Administration and Safety (12%), Professional, Scientific and Technical (12%), Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (12%), and Construction (12%); while Māori females were Services (12%), and Construction (12%); while Māori females were most likely to be employed within themost industries likely to be of employed Public Administration within the industries and ofSafety Public (15%), Administration Health Care and Safetyand Social (15%), Assistance Health Care (12%), and andSocial Professional, Assistance (12%), Scientific and Professional, and Technical Scientific Services and Technical (11%). Services (11%).

Figure 74: 74: North North Island Island Part Part of Te of Tai Te TaiTonga Tonga Māori Māori industry industry of occupation of occupation

North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate Male Female Total Male Female Total Public Administration and Safety 624 849 1,470 12% 15% 14% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 594 600 1,194 12% 11% 11% Education and Training 279 570 852 5% 10% 8% Retail Trade 357 489 849 7% 9% 8% Health Care and Social Assistance 147 651 798 3% 12% 8% Accommodation and Food Services 348 417 765 7% 8% 7% Construction 630 48 675 12% 1% 6% Financial and Insurance Services 288 351 639 6% 6% 6% Transport, Postal and Warehousing 309 174 483 6% 3% 5% Administrative and Support Services 204 264 465 4% 5% 4% Manufacturing 267 129 396 5% 2% 4% Information Media and Telecommunications 207 159 366 4% 3% 3% Arts and Recreation Services 180 171 351 4% 3% 3% Wholesale Trade 189 96 282 4% 2% 3% Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 120 105 228 2% 2% 2% Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 54 39 90 1% 1% 1% Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 21 15 39 0% 0% 0% Mining 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% Other Services 141 222 363 3% 4% 3% Total people stated 4,965 5,355 10,320 97% 98% 98% Not Elsewhere Included 138 126 261 3% 2% 2% Total people 5,100 5,481 10,578 100% 100% 100%

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

UnpaidUnpaid activities activities by region by region AcrossAcross NewNew Zealand Zealand Māori Māori were were involved involved in a number in a number of unpaid of unpaid activities, activities, just over justeight over out ofeight ten (81%)out of Māori ten (81%)did unpaid Māori work did for unpaid their own work household, for their sixown out household, of ten (60%) six Māori out did of unpaidten (60%) work M byāori looking did unpaid after a childwork by lookingwho was after either a a child member who of was their either own household a member or of did their not liveown in household their own household, or did not around live in two their out own of ten household,(22%) Māori didaround unpaid two work out by of helping ten (22%) or looking Māori after did someoneunpaid work who bywas helping ill or had or a lookingdisability after who wassomeone either whoa member was ill of or their had own a disability household who or did was not either live in a their member own household, of their own and householdjust under two or didout ofnot ten live (18%) in theirMāori own did other household, unpaid workand justby either under helping two out or Volunteering of ten (18%) for M orā oriThrough did other Any Organisation, unpaid work Group by either or Marae. helpingNorth Island or Volunteering Māori were more for likelyor Through to be involved Any Or inganisation, helping someone Group whoor Marae. was ill or North had a Island disability Mā whoori were did morenot live likely in their to ownbe involved household in (18%)helping than someone compared who to South was ill Island or had Māori a disability (10%). South who Island did not Māori live were in their more ownlikely householdto do Other (18%)Helping than or Voluntary compared Work to for South or Through Island AnyMāori Organisation, (10%). South Group Island or Marae Māori (18%) were than more North likelyIsland toMāori do Other(11%). Helping or Voluntary Work for or Through Any Organisation, Group or Marae (18%) than North Island Māori (11%). Figure 75: New Zealand Māori Unpaid Activities by Region Figure 75: New Zealand Māori Unpaid Activities by Region

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Across New New Zealand Zealand for for all ofall the of theunpaid unpaid activities activities listed belowlisted below(except (exceptfor the category for the ofcategory no activities) of no Māori activities)females were M āmoreori females likely to participatewere more in likely doing to unpaid participate activities in compareddoing unpaid to Māori activities males. comparedWhile Māori to males Mwereāori more males. likely While to no Munpaidāori males activities were compared more likely to Māori to nofemales. unpaid activities compared to Māori females.

Figure 76: 76: New New Zealand Zealand Mā Māoriori Unpaid Unpaid Activities Activities by gender by gender

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Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Within the North Island for all of the unpaid activities listed below (except for the category of no Within the the North North Island Island for for all ofall the of unpaidthe unpaid activities activities listed belowlisted below(except (except for the category for the categoryof no activities) of no Māori activities) Māori females were more likely to participate in doing these unpaid activities compared to activities)females were M āmoreori females likely to wereparticipate more in likely doing to these participate unpaid activitiesin doing comparedthese unpaid to Māori activities males. compared While Māori to Māori males. While Māori males were more likely to no unpaid activities compared to Māori Mmalesāori were males. more While likely M toā orino unpaidmales wereactivities more compared likely to to no Māori unpaid females. activities compared to Māori females. females. Figure 77: North Island Māori Unpaid Activities by gender Figure 77: 77: North North Island Island Mā oriMāori Unpaid Unpaid Activities Activities by gender by gender

Within the South Island for all of the unpaid activities listed below (except for the category of no Within the the South South Island Island for for all ofall the of theunpaid unpaid activities activi listedties listedbelow below(except (except for the category for the categoryof no activities) of no Māori activities) Māori females were more likely to participate in doing these unpaid activities compared to activities)females were M āmoreori females likely to wereparticipate more in likely doing to these participate unpaid activitiesin doing comparedthese unpaid to Māori activities males. compared While Māori to Māori males. While Māori males were more likely to no unpaid activities compared to Māori Mmalesāori were males. more While likely M toā orino unpaidmales wereactivities more compared likely to to no Māori unpaid females. activities compared to Māori females. females. Figure 78: South Island Māori Unpaid Activities by gender Figure 78: 78: South South Island Island Mā oriMāori Unpaid Unpaid Activities Activities by gender by gender

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Unpaid activities by Māori electorate UnpaidThe figure activities below shows by M onlyāori unpaid electorate household work activities such as cooking, repairs, and gardening etc. Across Theall of figure the Māori below electorates shows only approximately unpaid household eight out work of ten activities Māori didsuch unpaid as cooking, activities, repairs, such andas household work, gardeningcooking, repairs, etc. Across and gardening all of the etc.,Māori for electorates their own household. approximately eight out of ten Māori did unpaid activities, such as household work, cooking, repairs, and gardening etc., for their own household.

Figure 79: 79: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities by Mā byori electorateMāori electorate

89

- 91 - Education, Income, Work and the Labour force continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

The figure below excludes unpaid household work activities such as cooking, repairs, and gardening etc., but The figure below excludes unpaid household work activities such as cooking, repairs, and gardening displays all other unpaid activities so that difference between Māori electorates can be seen more clearly. Māori etc., but displays all other unpaid activities so that difference between Māori electorates can be within the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate and the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate are less likely to be seen more clearly. Māori within the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate and the North Island Part of the Te Taiinvolved Tonga in electorate the unpaid are activity less likely of looking to be after involved a child in whothe unpaid was either activity a member of looking of their after own a child household who or did wasnot liveeither in their a member own household of their own compared household with orthe did other not North live in Island their Māoriown household electorates. compared with the other North Island Māori electorates. Figure 80: Māori Unpaid Activities by Māori electorate Figure 80: Māori Unpaid Activities by Māori electorate

90

- 92 - Māori Households Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Māori Households This section describes Māori households. This section describes Māori households. Occupied dwelling type by region TheOccupied majority of dwelling New Zealand type Māori by live region in dwelling types that are separated houses (85%), a further The majority of New Zealand Māori live in dwelling types that are separated houses (85%), a further 11% live in 11% live in dwelling types that are joined to together such as two or more dwelling types that are joined to together such as two or more Flats/Units/Townhouses/Apartments/Houses. Flats/Units/Townhouses/Apartments/Houses. North Island and South Island Māori patterns are North Island and South Island Māori patterns are almost identical. almost identical.

FigureFigure 81: 81: M Māoriāori occupied occupied dwelling dwelling type type by by region region

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Māori Households continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Occupied dwelling dwelling type type by M byāori Māori electorate electorate Māori in the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate are much less likely to live in dwelling types that Māori in the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate are much less likely to live in dwelling are separated houses and more likely to live in dwelling types that are joined together such as two or more types that are separated houses and more likely to live in dwelling types that are joined together Flats/Units/Townhouses/Apartments/Houses than Māori within all other electorates. Māori within the Tāmaki such as two or more Flats/Units/Townhouses/Apartments/Houses than Māori within all other Makaurau electorate are also much less likely to live in dwelling types that are separated houses and more likely electorates. Māori within the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate are also much less likely to live in to live in dwelling types that are joined together such as two or more Flats/Units/Townhouses/Apartments/ dwelling types that are separated houses and more likely to live in dwelling types that are joined Houses than Māori within all other electorates except Māori within the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga togetherelectorate. such as two or more Flats/Units/Townhouses/Apartments/Houses than Māori within all other electorates except Māori within the North Island Part of the Te Tai Tonga electorate. Figure 82: Māori occupied dwelling type by Māori electorate Figure 82: Māori occupied dwelling type by Māori electorate

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Household composition in private dwellings by region TheHousehold majority (approximately composition 80%) inof Newprivate Zealand dwellings Māori households by region consist of one-family householdThe majority (approximately(with or without 80%) other of New people), Zealand Māori a furthe householdsr 10% consistconsist of of one-family two-family household household (with (with or or without other people), a further 10% consist of two-family household (with or without other people), and without other people), and a further 6% consist of one-person households. Only 1% of New Zealand a further 6% consist of one-person households. Only 1% of New Zealand Māori households consist of three or Māori households consist of three or more family households (with or without other people). The more family households (with or without other people). The proportion of South Island Māori living in one-family proportion of South Island Māori living in one-family households (with or without other people) was households (with or without other people) was slightly higher (at 83%) than North Island Māori (79%), while the slightly higher (at 83%) than North Island Māori (79%), while the proportion of North Island Māori proportion of North Island Māori living in two-family households (with or without other people) was slightly living in two-family households (with or without other people) was slightly higher (at 10%) than higher (at 10%) than South Island Māori (6%). South Island Māori (6%).

FigureFigure 83: 83: M Māoriāori household household composition composition by by region region

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Māori Households continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

HouseholdHousehold composition composition in private in privatedwellings dwellings by Māori electorate by Māori electorate MMāoriāori in in the the Tāmaki Tāmaki Makaurau Makaurau electorate electorate and the and North the Island North Part Isla of thend TePart Tai ofTonga the electorate Te Tai Tonga were lesselectorate likely were(72% andless 74% likely respectively) (72% and to 74% live inrespectively) one-family household to live in (with one-family or without household other people) (with than or Māori without within other all people)other electorates. than M āMāoriori within in the Tāmakiall other Makaurau electorates. electorate Mā wereori in more the likelyTāmaki to live Makaurau in two-family electorate household were (with moreor without likely other to live people) in two-family and three or household more family (with households or without (with or other without people) other people) and three than or Māori more within family householdsall other electorates. (with orMāori without within other the North people) Island than Part of M theāori Te within Tai Tonga all electorate other electorates. were more likelyMāori to withinlive in the NorthOther multi-person Island Part householdsof the Te Tai and Tonga one-person electorate households were than more Māori likely within to liveall other in Other electorates. multi-person households and one-person households than Māori within all other electorates.

FigureFigure 84: 84: M Māoriāori household household composition composition by M byāori Māori electorate electorate

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Tenure of dwelling by region Tenure of dwelling by region TenureLess than half of (45%) dwelling of New Zealand by region Māori households live in dwellings that are either owned or LessLess thanthan half half (45%) (45%) of Newof New Zealand Zealand Māori M householdsāori households live in dwellings live in dwellings that are either that owned are either or partly owned owned or or are partly owned or are held in a family trust. South Island Māori households are more likely (at 46%) to partlyheld in owneda family ortrust. are South held Island in a family Māori households trust. South are Island more likely Māori (at households46%) to live in are dwellings more thatlikely are (at owned 46%) or to live in dwellings that are owned or partly owned than North Island Māori households (36%), while live in dwellings that are owned or partly owned than North Island Māori households (36%), while partlyNorth owned Island than Mā oriNorth households Island Māori are households more likely (36%), (at while 53%) North to live Island in dwellings Māori households that are are not more owned likely (atand 53%) North Island Māori households are more likely (at 53%) to live in dwellings that are not owned and tonot live held in dwellings in a family that trust are not than owned South and Island not held M ināori a family households trust than (47%). South Island Māori households (47%). not held in a family trust than South Island Māori households (47%). Figure 85: 85: M Māoriāori tenure tenure of dwellingof dwelling by region by region Figure 85: Māori tenure of dwelling by region

Tenure of dwelling by Māori electorate TenureTenure of ofdwelling dwelling by Mā oriby electorate Māori electorate Māori households in the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate had the lowest proportion of households MMāoriāori householdshouseholds in in the the Tāmaki Tāmaki Makaurau Makaurau electorate electorate had the had lowest the lowestproportion proportion of households of households living in a living in a dwelling that was either owned or partly owned, while Māori households in Te Tai livingdwelling in a that dwelling was either that owned was either or partly owned owned, or partlywhile Māori owned, households while M ināori Te Taihouseholds Hauāuru and in Te the Tai South Island Hauāuru and the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga had the highest proportion. HauPartā ofuru Te Taiand Tonga the South had the Island highest Part proportion. of Te Tai Tonga had the highest proportion. Figure 86: Māori tenure of dwelling by Māori electorate FigureFigure 86: 86: M Māoriāori tenure tenure of dwelling of dwelling by M ābyori Māori electorate electorate

95 - 97 - 95

Māori Households continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Sector of landlord by region SectorAcross New of Zealand landlord the majority by region (approximately 75%) of Māori household landlords were Private AcrossPeople, New Trusts Zealand or theBusinesses. majority (approximately A further 20% 75%) of of MMāoriāori household household landlords landlords were Privatewere eitherPeople, Truststhe Housing orNew Businesses. Zealand A furtherCorporation 20% of Māori (18%) household or Other landlords Stated-Owned were either organisations the Housing New (2%). Zealand Only Corporation a small proportion (18%)(1%) ofor OtherMāori Stated-Owned Household organisations landlords were (2%). Onlylocal a authorsmall proportionities or City(1%) ofCouncils. Māori Household South Island landlords M āori werehousehold local authorities landlords or City were Councils. slightly South more Island likely Māori to household be private landlords people, were Trusts slightly or more Businesses likely to be (80%) than privateNorth people,Island TrustsMāori or household Businesses (80%) landlords than North (73%). Island North Māori Island household Mā landlordsori household (73%). North landlords Island Māoriwere slightly householdmore likely landlords to be werethe Housing slightly more New likely Zealand to be the Corporation Housing New (19%) Zealand than Corporation South Island(19%) than Mā Southori household Island Māori household landlords (13%). landlords (13%).

Figure 87: MMāoriāori household sector sector of of landlord landlord by by region region

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Sector of oflandlord landlord by M ābyori Māorielectorate electorate Within Tāmaki Makaurau Māori household landlords were slightly less likely to be private people, Trusts or Within Tāmaki Makaurau Māori household landlords were slightly less likely to be private people, TrustsBusinesses or Businesses (63%) and more (63%) likely and to more be the likely Housing to be New the Zealand Housing Corporation New Zealand (31%) Corporation than Māori household (31%) than across Mallā otherori household Māori electorates. across Māoriall other households Māori electorates. within the North Māori Island households Part of Te Taiwithin Tonga the had North a higher Island proportion Part of localTe Tai authority Tonga hador City a higherCouncil proportion landlords (at of 4%) local than authority Māori household or City Councilacross all landlords other Māori (at electorates. 4%) than Māori Mhouseholdsāori household within Teacross Tai Hauāuru all other had M aā higherori electorates. proportion Mofā Otherori households Stated-Owned within organisation Te Tai Hau landlordsāuru had (at a3%) higherthan Māori proportion household of acrossOther all Stated-Owned other Māori electorates. organisation landlords (at 3%) than Māori household across all other Māori electorates. Figure 88: Māori household sector of landlord by Māori electorate Figure 88: Māori household sector of landlord by Māori electorate

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Māori Households continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Years at usual residence by region AcrossYears New at usual Zealand residence approximately by six region out of ten (58%) Māori had been living at their usual residenceAcross New Zealandfor less approximately than five years. six out A of further ten (58%) three Māori out had of been ten living (32%) at their Mā oriusual had residence been livingfor less at their usualthan five residence years. A further for between three out of five ten and (32%) nineteen Māori had years. been living Close at theirto one usual out residence of ten for (7%) between Māori five had been livingand nineteen at their years. usual Close residence to one out for of ten twenty (7%) Māori years had or been more. living Patterns at their usual of years residence at usual for twenty residence years were similaror more. forPatterns North of years Island at usualand Southresidence Island were similarMāori, for except North Island slightly and more South IslandSouth Māori, Island except Mā orislightly (62%) had beenmore South living Island at their Māori usual (62%) residence had been living for atless their than usual five residence years forthan less compared than five years with than North compared Island Māori (58%)with North Island Māori (58%)

Figure 89:89: MMāoriāori years atat usualusual residence residence by by region region

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Years at at usual usual residence residence by Mā oriby electorate Māori electorate Across all Māori electorates approximately six out of ten (ranging from 56% in Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Across all Māori electorates approximately six out of ten (ranging from 56% in Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Tāmaki Tāmaki Makaurau, to 62% in Te Tai Tokerau and the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) of all Māori Makaurau, to 62% in Te Tai Tokerau and the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) of all Māori have lived at their usual have lived at their usual residence for less than five years. Across all Māori electorates residence for less than five years. Across all Māori electorates approximately a further three out of ten (ranging approximately a further three out of ten (ranging from 31% to 34%) of all Māori had been living at from 31% to 34%) of all Māori had been living at their usual residence for between five and nineteen years. Across their usual residence for between five and nineteen years. Across all Māori electorates all Māori electorates approximately three out of ten (ranging from 25% to 29%) of all Māori have lived at their approximately three out of ten (ranging from 25% to 29%) of all Māori have lived at their usual usual residence for less than one year. residence for less than one year.

Figure 90: 90: M Māoriāori years years at atusual usual residence residence by M byāori Māori electorate electorate

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Socioeconomic Status Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA SocioeconomicCOMMISSIONING AGENCY Status STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Household income by region AcrossHousehold New Zealand income approximately by region four out of ten (43%) Māori households had a total household incomeAcross New of Zealand $70,000 approximately or less, approximately four out of ten (43%)a further Māori two households out of hadten a (17%) total household Māori households income of had a total$70,000 household or less, approximately income of a furtherbetween two out$70,001 of ten (17%)and $100,000, Māori households and a had further a total two household out of income ten (23%) Māori householdsof between $70,001 had aand total $100,000, household and a further income two of out $100,001 of ten (23%) or Māori more. households North Island had a totalMāori household households were moreincome likely of $100,001 than orSouth more. Island North Islandhouseholds Māori households to have werea total more household likely than Southincome Island in householdscategories to of less than $50,000,have a total and household more incomethan $1 in50,000. categories South of less Island than $50,000, Māori and households more than $150,000. were more South likely Island than Māori North Islandhouseholds households were more to likely have than a Northtotal Islandhousehold households income to have across a total all household categories income from across $50,001 all categories up to $150,000.from $50,001 up to $150,000.

Figure 91:91: MMāoriāori household income income by by region region

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Household income income by Mā byori electorateMāori electorate There was was considerable considerable variation variation in total in total household household income income between between Māori electorates. Māori electorates. Within the TāmakiWithin the MakaurauTāmaki Makaurau electorate electorateclose to one-third close to(32%) one-third of Māori (32%) households of Mā hadori households a total household had aincome total household of over $100,000income of this over compared $100,000 to a thisquarter compared and under to ina quarterall other Māoriand under electorates in all (exceptother M theāori North electorates Island Part (except of Te Taithe Tonga North which Island had Part an evenof Te higher Tai Tonga proportion which of had Māori an householdseven higher having proportion a total householdof Māori households income of over $100,000having a attotal 42%). household While almost income half (48%) of over of Māori $100, households000 at 42%). within While Ikaroa-Rāwhiti, almost half Te (48%) Tai Hauāuru, of Māori and Waiariki households within Ikaroa-Rāwhiti, Te Tai Hauāuru, and Waiariki Māori electorates had a total Māori electorates had a total household income of $70,000 or less. household income of $70,000 or less.

Figure 92: 92: M Māoriāori household household income income by M byāori Māori electorate electorate

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Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AccessAccess to to telecommunications telecommunications by region by region AcrossAcross New New Zealand, Zealand, over overeight outeight of tenout (85%) of ten Māori (85%) households Māori hadhouseholds access to a hadcellphone/mobile access to a phone,cellphone/mobile phone,around seven around out ofseven ten (73%) out Māoriof ten households (73%) M hadāori access households to a telephone, had access just under to aseven telephone, out of ten just under seven (69%) Māori households had access to the internet, and one in ten (10%) had access to a fax machine. A out of ten (69%) Māori households had access to the internet, and one in ten (10%) had access to a small proportion (3%) of Māori households had no access to telecommunication systems. South Island Māori fax machine. A small proportion (3%) of Māori households had no access to telecommunication households had slightly higher proportions of access to all each of the telecommunication systems listed systems. South Island Māori households had slightly higher proportions of access to all each of the compared to North Island Māori households. The largest differences were for access to the internet and access to telecommunication systems listed compared to North Island Māori households. The largest a telephone. differences were for access to the internet and access to a telephone.

FigureFigure 93: 93: M Māoriāori household household access access to to telecommunication telecommunication systems systems by by region region

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Access to telecommunications by Māori electorate Across Māori electorates, more than eight out of ten (ranging from 83% in Ikaroa-Rāwhiti to 88% in Accessthe North toIsland telecommunications and South Island parts of Teby Tai Māori Tonga) electorate Māori households had access to a Across Māori electorates, more than eight out of ten (ranging from 83% in Ikaroa-Rāwhiti to 88% in the North cellphone/mobile phone, at least seven out of ten (ranging from 70% in Waiariki to 79% in the South Island and South Island parts of Te Tai Tonga) Māori households had access to a cellphone/mobile phone, at least Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) Māori households had access to a telephone, and at least six out of ten seven out of ten (ranging from 70% in Waiariki to 79% in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) Māori households (ranging from 62% in Waiariki to 82% in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga) Māori households had access to a telephone, and at least six out of ten (ranging from 62% in Waiariki to 82% in the North Island had access to the internet, and close to one in ten (10%) had access to a fax machine. Māori Part of Te Tai Tonga) Māori households had access to the internet, and close to one in ten (10%) had access to a faxhouseholds machine. Māori within households Hauraki-Waikato within Hauraki-Waikato and Waiariki and Waiarikiwere the were least the least likely likely (at (at 69%) 69%) to to have access access to a totelephone, a telephone, while while MMāoriāori households households within within the South the SouthIsland Part Island of Te PartTai Tonga of Te were Tai the Tonga most werelikely to the have most likely accessto have to aaccess telephone to a(at telephone 78%) and for (at the 78%) North and Island: for Te th Taie Tokerau North andIsland: the North Te Tai Island Tokerau Part of andTe Tai the Tonga, North Island werePart theof Temost Tai likely Tonga, to have were access the to most a telephone likely (at to 74%). have Māori access households to a telephone within Waiariki (at 74%). were the M āleastori likelyhouseholds (atwithin 62%) Waiarikito have access were to the internet, least likely while (at Māori 62%) households to have within access the to North the Island internet, Part of while Te Tai Tonga,Māori were households thewithin most the likely North to have Island access Part to the of internet Te Tai (at Tonga, 82%). were the most likely to have access to the internet (at 82%). Figure 94: Māori household access to telecommunication systems by Māori electorate Figure 94: Māori household access to telecommunication systems by Māori electorate

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Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Across Māori electorates, Māori households within Hauraki-Waikato, Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Waiariki were the only Across Māori electorates, Māori households within Hauraki-Waikato, Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Waiariki Māori electorates who had more than 3% of their households with no access to telecommunications. The North were the only Māori electorates who had more than 3% of their households with no access to Island and South Island parts of Te Tai Tonga were the only Māori electorates who had less than 2% of their telecommunications. The North Island and South Island parts of Te Tai Tonga were the only Māori households with no access to telecommunications. electorates who had less than 2% of their households with no access to telecommunications.

Figure 95: MMāoriāori householdhousehold-No‐No access access to to telecommunication telecommunication systems systems by by M Māoriāori electorate electorate

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Number of motor vehicles in households by region AcrossNumber New Zealand,of motor one-third vehicles (33%) inof Mhouseholdsāori households by had region access to one motor vehicle, approximatelyAcross New Zealand, four one-third out of (33%)ten (38%) of Māori M householdsāori households had access had to accessone motor to vehicle,two motor approximately vehicles, four and out of ten (38%) Māori households had access to two motor vehicles, and approximately two out of ten (18%) approximately two out of ten (18%) Māori households had access to three or more motor vehicles. Māori households had access to three or more motor vehicles. Approximately one in ten (9%) Māori households Approximately one in ten (9%) Māori households had no motor vehicle access. Māori households had no motor vehicle access. Māori households within the South Island were slightly more likely to have access within the South Island were slightly more likely to have access to two motor vehicles and to three to two motor vehicles and to three or more motor vehicles than Māori households within the North Island. Māori or more motor vehicles than Māori households within the North Island. Māori households within the households within the North Island were slightly more likely to have no access to motor vehicles than Māori North Island were slightly more likely to have no access to motor vehicles than Māori households households within the South Island. within the South Island.

FigureFigure 96: 96: M Māoriāori households households-Number‐Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles in inhousehold household by byregion region

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Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Number of motor vehicles in households by Māori electorate AcrossNumber Māori of electorates, motor vehicles at least three in inhouseholds ten (ranging from by 30% Māori in Tā electoratemaki Makaurau to 40% in the NorthAcross Māori Island electorates, Part of Te at leastTai Tonga)three in tenMā (rangingori households from 30% inhad Tāmaki access Makaurau to a one to 40% motor in the vehicle North Island and at least one-thirdPart of Te Tai (ranging Tonga) Māori from households 33% in thehad accessNorth to Island a one motorPart of vehicle Te Tai and Tonga at least to one-third 41% in (ranging the South from Island Part of33% Te in Tai the Tonga)North Island of M Partāori of Tehouseholds Tai Tonga to 41%had inaccess the South to twoIsland motor Part of vehiclesTe Tai Tonga) .M ofāori Māori households households with had access to two motor vehicles .Māori households with access to one motor vehicle or access to three or more access to one motor vehicle or access to three or more motor vehicles showed the most variation motor vehicles showed the most variation across Māori electorates. Māori households within Tāmaki Makaurau across Māori electorates. Māori households within Tāmaki Makaurau were the most likely (at 23%) were the most likely (at 23%) to have access to three or more vehicles and least likely (at 29%) to have access to to have access to three or more vehicles and least likely (at 29%) to have access to only one motor, only one motor, while Māori households within the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga were the most likely (at 40%) while Māori households within the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga were the most likely (at 40%) to to have access to one motor vehicle and least likely (at 12%) to have access to three or more vehicles. have access to one motor vehicle and least likely (at 12%) to have access to three or more vehicles.

Figure 97:97: MMāoriāori householdshouseholds-Number‐Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles in in household household by by M āMāoriori electorate electorate

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Across Māori Māori electorates, electorates, Māori householdsMāori households within Ikaroa-Rāwhiti, within Ikaroa-R Tāmaki āMakaurauwhiti, Tā andmaki the Makaurau North Island andPart ofthe North IslandTe Tai Tonga Part were of Te the Tai only Tonga Māori wereelectorates the whoonly had Mā moreori electorates than 10% of their who households had more with than no 10%motor of vehicle their access. households with no motor vehicle access.

Figure 98:98: MMāoriāori householdshouseholds-No‐No motor motor vehicles vehicles in in household household by by M Māoriāori electorate electorate

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Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

IndexIndex of ofDeprivation Deprivation by region by region According to the area based New Zealand Deprivation 2013 (NZDep2013) index more than one-third (36% or According244,000) of tothe the Māori area descent based population New Zealand are residents Deprivation in the most 2013 highly (NZDep2013) deprived areas index (NZDep2013 more indexthan 9 one-third & (36%10 areas) or 244,000) of New Zealand. of the Māori descent population are residents in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of New Zealand. Figure 99: New Zealand Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index Figure 99: New Zealand Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

For the North Island Māori descent population four out of ten (40% or 228,000) of the usually For the North Island Māori descent population four out of ten (40% or 228,000) of the usually resident population resident population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of the live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of the North Island. North Island.

FigureFigure 100: 100: North North Island Island M āMāoriori by byNew New Zealand Zealand Deprivation Deprivation Index Index

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Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

ForFor the South South Island Island Māori M ādescentori descent population population four out offour twenty-five out of twenty(16% or 16,000)-five (16% of the or usually 16,000) resident of the usually residentpopulation population live in the most live highly in the deprived most highly areas (NZDep2013 deprived areas index 9(NZDep2013 & 10 areas ) of theindex South 9 & Island. 10 areas ) of the South Island. Figure 101: South Island Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index Figure 101: South Island Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

IndexIndex of ofDeprivation Deprivation by M ābyori Māori electorate electorate For the Hauraki-Waikato Māori descent population almost four out of ten (38% or 36,000) of the usually resident For the Hauraki-Waikato Māori descent population almost four out of ten (38% or 36,000) of the population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of the Hauraki-Waikato Māori usually resident population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of electorate. the Hauraki-Waikato Māori electorate.

FigureFigure 102: 102: Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato M āMāoriori by byNew New Zealand Zealand Deprivation Deprivation Index Index

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Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

For the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Māori descent population close to five out of ten (46% or 39,400) of the usually resident For the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Māori descent population close to five out of ten (46% or 39,400) of the population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Māori usually resident population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of electorate. the Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Māori electorate.

FigureFigure 103: 103: Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti M āMāoriori by byNew New Zealand Zealand Deprivation Deprivation Index Index

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

For the Tāmaki Makaurau Māori descent population over four out of ten (43% or 38,600) of the usually resident Forpopulation the Tā makilive in Makaurauthe most highly Mā deprivedori descent areas population (NZDep2013 indexover 9four & 10 out areas) of of ten the (43% Tāmaki or Makaurau 38,600) Māori of the usuallyelectorate. resident population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of the Tāmaki Makaurau Māori electorate. Figure 104: Tāmaki Makaurau Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index Figure 104: Tāmaki Makaurau Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index

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Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

For the Te Tai Hauāuru Māori descent population close to four out of ten (39% or 38,500) of the usually resident For the Te Tai Hauāuru Māori descent population close to four out of ten (39% or 38,500) of the population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of the Te Tai Hauāuru Māori usually resident population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of electorate. the Te Tai Hauāuru Māori electorate.

FigureFigure 105: 105: Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Mā Māoriori by Newby New Zealand Zealand Deprivation Deprivation Index Index

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

For the Te Tai Tokerau Māori descent population over three out of ten (35% or 33,500) of the usually resident For the Te Tai Tokerau Māori descent population over three out of ten (35% or 33,500) of the usually population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of the Te Tai Tokerau Māori residentelectorate. population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of the Te Tai Tokerau Māori electorate.

FigureFigure 106: 106: Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau M Māoriāori by by New New Zealand Zealand Deprivation Deprivation Index Index

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Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

ForFor thethe WaiarikiWaiariki Māori Mā descentori descent population population close to halfclose (48% to or half 40,000) (48% of orthe 40,000) usually resident of the population usually resident live in populationthe most highly live deprived in the most areas (NZDep2013highly deprived index 9area & 10s areas) (NZDep2013 of the Waiariki index Māori 9 & electorate. 10 areas) of the Waiariki Māori electorate. Figure 107: Waiariki Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index Figure 107: Waiariki Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

For the Māori descent population within the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga only around one in ten (11% or For2,300) the of M theāori usually descent resident population population within live in the the most North highly Isla deprivednd part areas of Te (NZDep2013 Tai Tonga index only 9 around& 10 areas) one of in tenthe (11% North orIsland 2,300) part ofof Te the Tai usuallyTonga. resident population live in the most highly deprived areas (NZDep2013 index 9 & 10 areas) of the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga. Figure 108: North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index Figure 108: North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Māori by New Zealand Deprivation Index

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Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

CigaretteCigarette Smoking Smoking behaviour behaviour by region by region AcrossCigaretteAcross New New ZealandSmoking Zealand just just behaviour under under half half (44%) by (44%) regionof Māori of M neverāori neversmoked smoked regularly regularly and approximately and approximately one quarter one (23%) wereAcrossquarter now New (23%) ex-smokers. Zealand were nowHowever,just underex-smokers. approximately half (44%) However, of three Mā approximatelyoriout never of ten smoked(29%) three Māori regularly outwere of currently andten (29%)approximately regular Māori smokers. were one currently regular smokers. Cigarette smoking behaviour was similar for North Island and South Island Cigarettequarter (23%) smoking were behaviour now ex-smokers. was similar forHowever, North Island approximately and South Island three Māori out of descent ten (29%) populations. Māori were currentlyMāori descent regular populations. smokers. Cigarette smoking behaviour was similar for North Island and South Island FigureMFigureāori 109: 109:descent M Māoriāori populations.Cigarette Cigarette smoking smoking behaviour behaviour by region by region Figure 109: Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by region

Across New Zealand Māori males were more likely to have never smoked regularly compared to Acrosstheir female New New Zealand Zealand counterparts. Māori Māori males While,males were wereM moreāori more likelyfemales likelyto have were to never have more smokednever likely smoked regularlyto be regular regularly compared smokers compared to their compared female to counterparts.theirto their female male While,counterparts. counterparts. Māori females While, were Mā moreori females likely to were be regular more smokers likely to compared be regular to theirsmokers male compared counterparts. toFigure their 110: male New counterparts. Zealand Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by gender Figure 110: 110: New New Zealand Zealand Mā oriMāori Cigarette Cigarette smoking smoking behaviour behaviour by gender by gender

- 120 - 118 118

Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AcrossAcross thethe North North Island Island Māori Mā orimales males were were more more likely likelyto have to never have smoked never smoked regularly regularly compared compared to their female to Across the North Island Māori males were more likely to have never smoked regularly compared to theircounterparts. female counterparts.Māori females were Māori more females likely towere be regular more likelysmokers to comparedbe regular to smokers their male compared counterparts. to their maletheir femalecounterparts. counterparts. Māori females were more likely to be regular smokers compared to their male counterparts. FigureFigure 111: 111: North North Island Island Māori Māori Cigarette Cigarette smoking smoking behaviour behaviour by gender by gender Figure 111: North Island Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by gender

Across the South Island Māori males were more likely to have never smoked regularly compared to AcrosstheirAcross female thethe South South counterparts. Island Island Māori Mā Mori malesā orimales femaleswere were more were more likely more likely to have likely to never have to smokedbenever regular smoked regularly smokers regularly compared compared compared to their to femaletheir to maletheircounterparts. femalecounterparts. counterparts.Māori females were Māori more females likely towere be regular more likelysmokers to comparedbe regular to smokers their male compared counterparts. to their male counterparts. Figure 112: South Island Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by gender Figure 112: South Island Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by gender Figure 112: South Island Māori Cigarette smoking behaviour by gender

119 - 121 - 119

Socioeconomic Status continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Cigarette Smoking behaviour by Māori electorate CigaretteTāmaki Makaurau Smoking Māori were behaviour more likely by to haveMāori never electorate smoked regularly compared to their Tāmakicounterparts Makaurau in Māori other were M āmoreori electorates.likely to have never Ikaroa-R smokedāwhiti regularly Mā oricompared were moreto their likely counterparts to be regularin other Māori electorates. Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Māori were more likely to be regular smokers compared to their counterparts in smokers compared to their counterparts in all other Māori electorates. Across all Māori electorates all other Māori electorates. Across all Māori electorates around two out of ten Māori were ex-smokers. around two out of ten Māori were ex-smokers.

FigureFigure 113: MāoriMāori Cigarette smoking behaviour behaviour by by M Māoriāori electorate electorate

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Conclusions Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

The North Island compared to the South Island The Māori descent population within the North Island was different from the South Island on a number of key demographic and social status variables, including having a much larger population size (more than five and a half times larger than the South Island), having greater proportions who identify with Māori ethnicity and speak Te Reo, having a much larger proportion of the population living in the high deprivation areas, having males with a lower median personal income, having a higher proportion of the population receiving income support, having proportionally less of the population in the labour force, having a higher proportion of the population being involved in the unpaid activity of helping or looking after someone who is ill or has a disability, having a higher proportion of the population living in two-family households, having a lower proportion of the population living in dwellings that they either own or partly own, having a higher proportion of the population with Housing New Zealand Corporation as their landlord, and having a higher proportion of households with a total household income less than $50,000, and households with less access to telecommunications, and less access to a motor vehicle.

Comparisons across the Māori electorates The Māori descent population varied across Māori electorates in a number of key demographic and social status variables, including population size (Te Tai Hauāuru and the South Island part of Te Tai Tonga were the largest electorates and the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga were the smallest), in proportions of those who identify with Māori ethnicity and speak Te Reo (Waiariki had the highest proportions), the proportion of the population living in the high deprivation areas (Waiariki had the largest proportion while the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga had the smallest), Iwi affiliation (Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Waiariki electorates had the largest proportions of those having at least one Iwi affiliation), the proportion of Māori who were affiliated with Māori Christian religions (Waiariki electorate had the largest proportion), the proportion of Māori families with no dependent children (Tāmaki Makaurau had the highest), median personal income (the North Island part of Te Tai Tonga had females and males with the highest), the proportion of the population receiving income support (Hauraki-Waikato and Ikaroa-Rāwhiti had the highest), occupation type for employed (Tāmaki Makaurau and the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Māori were more likely to be employed in Professional Occupations and less likely to be Labourers), proportions of the population being involved in the unpaid activity of looking after a child (Tāmaki Makaurau and the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Māori were less likely to be involved in this type of unpaid activity), the proportion of the population living in two-family and three or more family households (Tāmaki Makaurau had the highest proportion), the proportion of the population living in dwellings that are owned or partly owned (Tāmaki Makaurau had the lowest proportion and Te Tai Hauāuru and the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga had the highest), the proportion of the population having the Housing New Zealand Corporation as their landlord, the proportion of households with a total household income of $70,000 or less (Ikaroa-Rāwhiti, Te Tai Hauāuru, and Waiariki Māori electorates had the highest proportions), the proportion of households with no access to telecommunications (Ikaroa-Rāwhiti and Waiariki Māori electorates had the highest proportions), and the proportion of households with no access to a motor vehicle (Ikaroa-Rāwhiti, Tāmaki Makaurau and the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga electorates had the highest proportions).

- 123 - Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Graphical Data Appendix‐Additional graphs by Māori electorate Hauraki-Waikato Hauraki‐Waikato Map of of boundaries boundaries FigureFigure 114: Boundary Map Map of of Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato M Māoriāori Electorate. Electorate.

Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Hauraki-Waikato: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012. Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Hauraki-Waikato: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AgeAge and and gender gender FigureFigure 115: 115: 115: Age Age Age and and and gender gender gender for for Mfor Māori āMāoriori in in the thein Hauraki the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

YearsYears at atat usual usualusual residence residence residence FigureFigure 116: 116: 116: Years Years Years at at usualat usual usual residence residence residence for for M for Māoriā Māoriori in in the the in Hauraki theHauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Ethnicity EthnicityEthnicityFigure 117: Ethnicity for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate. FigureFigure 117: 117: Ethnicity Ethnicity for for Mā Māoriori in the in Haurakithe Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

Languages Spoken FigureLanguages 118: Languages Spoken Spoken spoken for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate. Figure 118: Languages spoken spoken for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

ReligiousReligious affiliation affiliationaffiliation Figure 119:119: religiousreligious affiliation affiliation for forMā oriMāori in thein theHauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate. Figure 119: religious affiliation for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate.

RelationshipRelationship status statusstatus Figure 120: Relationship status for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate. FigureFigure 120: 120: Relationship Relationship status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

PartnershipPartnership status statusstatus FigureFigure 121: 121: Partnership Partnership statusstatus status forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the HaurakiHauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐‐WaikatoWaikato Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

NumberNumber of ofof children childrenchildren FigureFigure 122: 122: Number Number of ofof children childrenchildren forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the HaurakiHauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐‐WaikatoWaikato Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

HighestHighest qualification qualificationqualification FigureFigure 123: 123: Highest Highest qualification qualificationqualification forfor for MM āāoriMāoriori inin in thethe the HaurakiHauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐‐WaikatoWaikato Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

HighestHighest qualification qualificationqualification byby gender gender FigureFigure 124: 124: Highest Highest qualification qualificationqualification byby by gendergender gender forfor for MM āāoriMāoriori inin theinthe the HaurakiHauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐‐WaikatoWaikato Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

MedianMedian personal personal income incomeincome FigureFigure 125: 125:125: Median Median personalpersonal personal incomeincome income forfor for M Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐‐Waikato Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

SourcesSources of of personal personal income incomeincome FigureFigure 126: 126:126: Sources SourcesSources ofof of personalpersonal personal incomeincome income forfor for M Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐‐Waikato Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Work and and labour labourlabour force forceforce status status Figure 127:127: WorkWork andand labourlabour forceforce force statusstatus status forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

Work and and labour labourlabour force forceforce status status by genderby gender Figure 128:128: WorkWork andand labourlabour forceforce force statusstatus status by by gender gender forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Status inin employment employment by by gender gender Figure 129:129: StatusStatus in in employment employment by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

Occupation for for employed employed Figure 130:130: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender Figure 131:131: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate. Occupation for employed by gender Figure 131: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate.

UnpaidUnpaid activitiesactivities FigureFigure 132: 132:132: Unpaid UnpaidUnpaid activities activities activities for for Mforā Mori Māoriā oriin the in in theHauraki the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

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131

Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Unpaid activities by gender Figure 133: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate. Unpaid activities by gendergender Figure 133: 133: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities by gender by gender for M forāori Māori in the inHauraki the Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

Number of of dependent dependent children children Figure 134: 134:134: Number NumberNumber of of ofdependent dependent dependent children children children for Mfor forāori M Māori āinori the in Haurakiin the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Family typetype and and number number of of dependent dependent children children Figure 135:135: FamilyFamily type type and and number number of of dependent dependent children children for for M Māoriāori in inthe the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

Household composition composition Figure 136:136: HouseholdHousehold composition composition for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Household income Household income income Figure 137:137: HouseholdHousehold income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate. Figure 137: Household income for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate.

Tenure of household Tenure of of household household Figure 138: Tenure of household for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate. Figure 138:138: TenureTenure ofof householdhousehold for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Sector SectorSector ofof landlord landlordlandlord Figure 139: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate. Figure 139: Sector ofof landlordlandlord for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

AccessAccess to toto telecommunication telecommunicationtelecommunication systems systemssystems Figure 140: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate. Figure 140: Access to telecommunication systems systems for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Number of motor vehicles Figure 141: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate. Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles Figure 141:141: NumberNumber of of motor motor vehicles vehicles for for M Māoriāori in in the the Hauraki Hauraki-Waikato‐Waikato Electorate. Electorate.

Cigarette smoking smoking behaviour behaviour Figure 142: Cigarette smoking behaviour for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate. CigaretteFigure 142: Cigarette smoking smoking behaviour behaviour for Māori in the Hauraki-Waikato Electorate. Figure 142: Cigarette smoking behaviour for Māori in the Hauraki‐Waikato Electorate.

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136

Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

IkaroaIkaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti MapMap ofof boundaries boundaries FigureFigure 143: 143: Boundary Boundary Map Map of of the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

Source:Source: New New Zealand Zealand Parliamentary Parliamentary Library, Library, Ikaroa-Rāwhiti: Ikaroa-R āElectoratewhiti: Electorate Profile, Sept, Profile, 2012. Sept, 2012.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AgeAge and and gender gender FigureFigure 144: 144: 144: Age Age Age and and and gender gender gender for for Mfor Māoriā Māoriori in in the the in Ikaroa the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐R‐āRwhitiāwhiti Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

YearsYears at at usual usualusual residence residenceresidence FigureFigure 145: 145: 145: Years Years Years at at usualat usual usual residence residence residence for for M forMāoriā Māoriori in in the the in Ikaroa theIkaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐R‐āRwhitiāwhiti Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Ethnicity Ethnicity FigureEthnicity 146: Ethnicity for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Figure 146: 146: Ethnicity Ethnicity for for Mā Māoriori in the in theIkaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

Languages Spoken Languages Spoken LanguagesFigure 147: Languages Spoken Spoken for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate. FigureFigure 147: 147: Languages Languages Spoken Spoken for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

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139

139

Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Religious affiliation Religious affiliation affiliation Figure 148:148: ReligiousReligious affiliation affiliation for forMā oriMāori in thein theIkaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate. Figure 148: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate.

Relationship status Relationship status status Figure 149: Relationship status for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Figure 149:149: RelationshipRelationship status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Partnership status status Figure 150:150: PartnershipPartnership statusstatus status forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the IkaroaIkaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

Number of of children children Figure 151:151: NumberNumber of of children childrenchildren forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the IkaroaIkaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Highest qualification qualification Figure 152:152: HighestHighest qualification qualification for for M āMāoriori in inthe the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate. Figure 152: Highest qualification for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate.

Highest qualification qualification byby gender gender Figure 153: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Figure 153: Highest qualificationqualification by by gender gender for for M āMāoriori in inthe the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Median personal personal income income Figure 154: Median personal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

Sources of of personal personal income income Figure 155: Sources ofof personalpersonal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour force forceforce status statusstatus FigureFigure 156: 156:156: Work WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour forceforce force statusstatus status forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the IkaroaIkaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐‐RRāāwhitiwhiti Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour force forceforce status statusstatus by bygenderby gendergender FigureFigure 157: 157:157: Work WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour forceforce force statusstatus status byby by gendergender gender forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the IkaroaIkaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐‐RRāāwhitiwhiti Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

StatusStatus in inin employment employmentemployment by byby gender gendergender FigureFigure 158: 158: Status Status in inin employment employmentemployment byby by gendergender gender forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the IkaroaIkaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐‐RRāāwhitiwhiti Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

OccupationOccupation for forfor employed employedemployed FigureFigure 159: 159: Occupation Occupation forfor for employedemployed employed forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the IkaroaIkaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐‐RRāāwhitiwhiti Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender Figure 160:160: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate. Occupation for employed by gender Figure 160: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate.

UnpaidUnpaid activities activitiesactivities FigureFigure 161: 161:161: Unpaid UnpaidUnpaid activities activities activities for forM forā oriM Māori āinori the in in Ikaroa the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti‐Rā Electorate.whiti Electorate. Electorate.

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146

Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Unpaid activities by gender UnpaidFigure 162: activities Unpaid activities by gendergender by gender for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Figure 162: 162: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities by gender by gender for M forāori Māori in the inIkaroa the ‐Ikaroa-RāwhitiRāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

Number of dependent children FigureNumber 163: ofNumber of dependent dependent of dependent children children children for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Figure 163: Number ofof dependentdependent children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

- 149 - 147

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Family typetype and and number number of of dependent dependent children children Figure 164:164: FamilyFamily type type and and number number of of dependent dependent children children for for M Māoriāori in inthe the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

Household composition composition Figure 165:165: HouseholdHousehold composition composition for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Household income Household income income Figure 166: Household income for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Figure 166: Household income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

Tenure of household Tenure of of household household Figure 167: Tenure of household for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Figure 167: Tenure of household for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Sector of of landlord landlord Figure 168:168: SectorSector of of landlord landlord for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

Access to to telecommunication telecommunication systems systems Figure 169:169: AccessAccess toto telecommunicationtelecommunication systems systems for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles Number of motor vehicles Figure 170: 170: Number Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles for for M Māoriāori in in the the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate. Figure 170: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate.

Cigarette Smoking Smoking behaviour behaviour Cigarette Smoking behaviour Figure 171: 171: Cigarette Cigarette Smoking Smoking behaviour behaviour for for M Māoriāori in inthe the Ikaroa Ikaroa-Rāwhiti‐Rāwhiti Electorate. Electorate. Figure 171: Cigarette Smoking behaviour for Māori in the Ikaroa‐Rāwhiti Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

TTāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Map ofof boundaries boundaries Figure 172:172: BoundaryBoundary Map Map of of the the T Tāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

Source: New New Zealand Zealand Parliamentary Parliamentary Library, Library, Tāmaki T Makaurau:āmaki Makaurau: Electorate Electorate Profile, Sept, Profile, 2012. Sept, 2012.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AgeAge and andand gender gendergender FigureFigure 173: 173:173: Age AgeAge and andand gender gender gender for for for M M Māoriāoriāori in in inthe the the T āT Tāmakimakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

YearsYears at atat usualusual usual residenceresidence residence Figure 174: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. Figure 174:174: YearsYears atat usualusual residence residence for for M Māoriāori in in the the T Tāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Ethnicity FigureEthnicityEthnicity 175: Ethnicity for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. Figure 175: 175: Ethnicity Ethnicity for for Mā Māoriori in the in theTāmaki Tāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

Languages spoken FigureLanguages 176: Languages spokenspoken Spoken for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. Figure 176:176: LanguagesLanguages Spoken Spoken for for M Māoriāori in in the the T āTāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

- 156 - 154

154

Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Religious affiliation affiliation Figure 177: Religious affiliation affiliation for forMā oriMāori in thein theTā makiTāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

Relationship status status Figure 178: Relationship status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the T Tāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Partnership status status Figure 179:179: PartnershipPartnership status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the T Tāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

Number of of children children Figure 180: Number of children for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. Figure 180:180: NumberNumber of of children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the T Tāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Highest qualification qualification Figure 181: Highest qualification for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. Figure 181: Highest qualificationqualification for for M āMāoriori in in the the T āTāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

Highest qualification by gender Highest qualification qualification byby gender gender Figure 182: Highest qualification by gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. Figure 182: Highest qualificationqualification by by gender gender for for M āMāoriori in inthe the Tā Tāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Median personal income Median personal personal income income FigureFigure 183: 183: Median Median personal personal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the T āTāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate. Figure 183: Median personal income for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate.

Sources of personal income Sources of of personal personal income income Figure 184: Sources of personal income for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. Figure 184:184: SourcesSources of of personal personal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the T āTāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour force forceforce status statusstatus FigureFigure 185: 185: Work Work and and labour labour forceforce force statusstatus status forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TT āTāmakiāmakimaki MakaurauMakaurau Makaurau Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour force forceforce status statusstatus by bygenderby gendergender FigureFigure 186: 186: Work Work and and labour labour forceforce force statusstatus status byby by gendergender gender forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TT āTāmakiāmakimaki MakaurauMakaurau Makaurau Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

StatusStatus ininin employment employment by by gender gender Figure 187:187: StatusStatus in in employment employment by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the T āTāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate. Figure 187: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate.

OccupationOccupation for forfor employed employed Figure 188: Occupation for employed for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. FigureFigure 188: 188: Occupation Occupation for for employed employed for for M Māoriāori in in the the Tā Tāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender Figure 189:189: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Tā Tāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate. Occupation for employed by gender Figure 189: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate.

Unpaid activities activities Figure 190: 190:190: Unpaid UnpaidUnpaid activities activities activities for for M forā Mori Māoriā inori the in in Tthe āthemaki T āTāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

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161

Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Unpaid activities by gender Figure 191: Unpaid activities by gender for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. UnpaidUnpaid activitiesactivities byby gender gender FigureFigure 191: 191: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities by gender by gender for M forāori Māori in the Tinā makithe Tāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

NumberNumber ofof of dependent dependent childrenchildren children FigureFigure 192: 192: Number Number of ofdependentof dependentdependent children children children for M for āforori M Māoriinā orithe in T inā themaki the T āTāmakiMakauraumaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

- 164 - 162

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

FamilyFamily type typetype and andand number numbernumber of of ofdependent dependentdependent children childrenchildren FigureFigure 193: 193: Family Family type typetype andand and numbernumber number ofof of dependentdependent dependent childrenchildren children forfor for MM āMāoriāoriori inin in thethe the TTāā Tāmakimakimaki MakaurauMakaurau Makaurau Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

HouseholdHousehold composition compositioncomposition FigureFigure 194: 194: Household Household compositioncomposition composition forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TTā āTāmakimakimaki MakaurauMakaurau Makaurau Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

HouseholdHousehold income income FigureFigure 195: 195: Household Household income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the T āTāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

TenureTenure of of household household Figure 196: Tenure of household for Māori in the Tāmaki Makaurau Electorate. FigureFigure 196: 196: Tenure Tenure of of household household for for M Māoriāori in in the the T āTāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Sector of of landlord landlord Figure 197: Sector ofof landlordlandlord for for M Māoriāori in in the the T Tāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

Access to to telecommunication telecommunication systems systems Figure 198: Access to telecommunication systems systems for for M Māoriāori in in the the T Tāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles Figure 199:199: NumberNumber of of motor motor vehicles vehicles for for M Māoriāori in in the the T Tāmakiāmaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

Cigarette Smoking Smoking behaviour behaviour Figure 200:200: CigaretteCigarette Smoking Smoking behaviour behaviour for for M Māoriāori in inthe the Tā Tāmakimaki Makaurau Makaurau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Te TaiTai Hau Hauāuruāuru Map ofof boundaries boundaries Figure 201:201: BoundaryBoundary Map Map of of the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Te Tai Hauāuru: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012. Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Te Tai Hauāuru: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Age and gender AgeFigureAge and and 202: gender genderAge and gender for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. FigureFigure 202: 202: Age Age and and gender gender for for M Māoriāori in inthe the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

YearsYears at usualusual residence residence YearsFigureFigure 203:at 203: usual Years Years atresidence at usual usual residence residence for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate. Figure 203: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate.

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Ethnicity Ethnicity FigureEthnicity 204: Ethnicity for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. Figure 204: 204: Ethnicity Ethnicity for for Mā Māoriori in the in theTe Tai Te Hau Tai āHauāuruuru Electorate. Electorate.

Languages spoken LanguagesFigure 205: Languages spokenspoken spoken for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. Figure 205:205: LanguagesLanguages spoken spoken for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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ReligiousReligious affiliation affiliation FigureReligious 206:206: Religious Religiousaffiliation affiliation affiliation for forMā oriMāori in thein theTe TaiTe TaiHau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate. Figure 206: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate.

Relationship status RelationshipFigureRelationship 207: Relationship statusstatus status for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. FigureFigure 207: 207: Relationship Relationship status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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Partnership status Partnership status status FigureFigure 208: 208: Partnership Partnership status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate. Figure 208: Partnership status for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate.

Number of children Number of of children children Figure 209: Number of children for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. Figure 209:209: NumberNumber of of children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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HighestHighest qualificationqualification FigureFigure 210: 210:210: Highest Highest qualificationqualification qualification forfor for M āāoriMāoriori inin inthethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai Hau Hauāuruāāuruuru Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

HighestHighest qualificationqualification by gendergender FigureFigure 211: 211:211: Highest Highest qualificationqualification qualification byby bygendergender gender forfor for M āāorioriMāori inin theinthe the TeTe TeTaiTai Tai Hau Hauāuruāāuruuru Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Median personal income Median personal personal income income FigureFigure 212: 212: Median Median personal personal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate. Figure 212: Median personal income for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate.

SourcesSources ofof personal personal income income FigureSources 213: ofSources personal of personal income income for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. Figure 213: Sources ofof personalpersonal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour force forceforce status statusstatus FigureFigure 214: 214:214: Work WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour forceforce force statusstatus status forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai HauHau Hauāuruāāuruuru Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour force forceforce status statusstatus by bygenderby gendergender FigureFigure 215: 215:215: Work WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour forceforce force statusstatus status byby by gendergender gender forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai HauHau Hauāuruāāuruuru Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Status in in employment employment by by gender gender StatusFigure 216: in Statusemployment inin employmentemployment by gender by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate. Figure 216: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate.

Occupation for employed OccupationFigure 217: Occupation for for employed employed for employed for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. Figure 217:217: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender Figure 218:218: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

Occupation for employed by gender Figure 218: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate.

Unpaid activities UnpaidFigureUnpaid 219: activitiesactivities Unpaid activities for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. FigureFigure 219: 219: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities for M forāori Māori in the in Te the Tai Te Hau Taiāuru Hauāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Unpaid activities activities by by gender gender Figure 220: Unpaid activitiesactivities by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

Number of of dependent dependent children children Figure 221: Number ofof dependentdependent children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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Family typetype and and number number of of dependent dependent children children Figure 222:222: FamilyFamily type type and and number number of of dependent dependent children children for for M Māoriāori in inthe the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

Household composition composition Figure 223:223: HouseholdHousehold composition composition for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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Household income income Figure 224: Household income for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. Figure 224: Household income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

Tenure of of household household Figure 225: Tenure of household for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. Figure 225: Tenure of household for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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SectorSector ofof landlord landlord FigureSectorFigure 226: 226: of Sector Sectorlandlord of of landlord landlord for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate. Figure 226: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate.

Access to telecommunication systems FigureAccess 227: to to Accesstelecommunication telecommunication to telecommunication systems systems systems for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. Figure 227:227: AccessAccess toto telecommunicationtelecommunication systems systems for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles Figure 228: Number ofof motormotor vehicles vehicles for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

Cigarette Smoking Smoking behaviour behaviour Figure 229: Cigarette Smoking behaviour for Māori in the Te Tai Hauāuru Electorate. Figure 229: Cigarette SmokingSmoking behaviour behaviour for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Hau Hauāuruāuru Electorate. Electorate.

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Te TaiTai Tokerau Tokerau Map ofof boundaries boundaries Figure 230:230: BoundaryBoundary Map Map of of the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Te Tai Tokerau: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012. Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Te Tai Tokerau: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Age and gender Age and gender FigureAge and 231: genderAge and gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. FigureFigure 231: 231: Age Age and and gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

YearsYears at usualusual residence residence Years at usual residence FigureFigure 232: 232: Years Years at at usual usual residence residence for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate. Figure 232: Years at usual residence for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate.

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Ethnicity Ethnicity Figure 233: Ethnicity for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Figure 233: 233: Ethnicity Ethnicity for for Mā Māoriori in the in theTe Tai Te Tokerau Tai Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

Languages spoken LanguagesFigureLanguages 234: Languages spokenspoken spoken for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. FigureFigure 234: 234: Languages Languages spoken spoken for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Religious affiliation affiliation Figure 235:235: ReligiousReligious affiliation affiliation for forMā oriMāori in thein theTe TaiTe TaiTokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate. Figure 235: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate.

Religious affiliation-Te Tai Tokerau Electorate 60% 60%

50% 50% 44% 40% 40% 40%

30% 30%

20% 20%

10% 7% 6% 10% 7% 6% 1% 0% 0% No Religion Christian Māori Christian Non Christian Object to No Religion Christian Māori Christian Non Christian Object to religions religions Religion Answering religions religions Religion Answering

Relationship status status Figure 236: Relationship status for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Figure 236:236: RelationshipRelationship status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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Partnership status status Figure 237:237: PartnershipPartnership status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

Number of of children children Figure 238:238: NumberNumber of of children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

HighestHighest qualification qualificationqualification FigureFigure 239: 239: Highest Highest qualification qualificationqualification forfor for MM āāoriMāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TokerauTokerau Tokerau Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

HighestHighest qualification qualificationqualification byby gender gender FigureFigure 240: 240: Highest Highest qualification qualificationqualification byby by gendergender gender forfor for MM āāoriMāoriori inin theinthe the TeTe TeTaiTai Tai TokerauTokerau Tokerau Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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MedianMedian personal personalpersonal income incomeincome Figure 241: Median personal income for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. FigureFigure 241:241: MedianMedian personalpersonal incomeincome forfor MMāāoriori inin thethe TeTe TaiTai TokerauTokerau Electorate.Electorate.

SourcesSources of ofof personal personalpersonal income incomeincome FigureFigure 242: 242: Sources Sources of ofof personal personalpersonal incomeincome income forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TokerauTokerau Tokerau Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Work and and labour labour force force status status FigureWork 243: and Work labour and labour force force force status status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate. Figure 243: Work and labour force status for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate.

Work and labour force status by gender WorkFigure 244:and and Worklabour labour and force labour force status force status statusby genderby by gender gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Figure 244: Work and labour force force status status by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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StatusStatus ininin employment employmentemployment by byby gender gendergender FigureFigure 245: 245:245: Status StatusStatus inin in employmentemployment employment byby by gendergender gender forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TokerauTokerau Tokerau Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

OccupationOccupation for forfor employed employedemployed FigureFigure 246: 246:246: Occupation OccupationOccupation forfor for employedemployed employed forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TokerauTokerau Tokerau Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender Figure 247:247: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate. Occupation for employed by gender Figure 247: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate.

Unpaid activitiesactivities FigureUnpaid 248: activities Unpaid activities for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Figure 248: 248: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities for Mforāori Māori in the in Te the Tai Te Tokerau Tai Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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Unpaid activities by gender UnpaidFigureUnpaid 249: activities activities Unpaid activitiesby by gender gender by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. FigureFigure 249: 249: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities by gender by gender for M āforori Māori in the Tein Taithe Tokerau Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

Number of dependent children FigureNumber 250: Numberof of dependent dependent of dependent children children children for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Figure 250:250: NumberNumber of of dependent dependent children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Family type typetype and and number number of of dependent dependent children children Figure 251:251: FamilyFamily type typetype and and number number of of dependent dependent childrenchildren children forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

Household composition composition Figure 252:252: HouseholdHousehold compositioncomposition composition forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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Household income income HouseholdFigure 253:253: HouseholdHousehold income income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate. Figure 253: Household income for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate.

Tenure of household TenureFigure 254: of of Tenurehousehold household of household for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Figure 254:254: TenureTenure ofof householdhousehold for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Sector of of landlord landlordlandlord Figure 255:255: SectorSector of of landlord landlord for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate. Figure 255: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate.

Access to toto telecommunication telecommunicationtelecommunication systems systems Figure 256: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Figure 256: Access to telecommunication systems systems for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles Figure 257: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Figure 257:257: NumberNumber of of motor motor vehicles vehicles for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

Cigarette Smoking Smoking behaviour behaviour Figure 258: Cigarette Smoking behaviour for Māori in the Te Tai Tokerau Electorate. Figure 258:258: CigaretteCigarette Smoking Smoking behaviour behaviour for for M Māoriāori in inthe the Te Te Tai Tai Tokerau Tokerau Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

WaiarikiWaiariki MapMap of boundaries FigureFigure 259: 259: Map Map of ofboundaries boundaries for the for Waiarikithe Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Source:Source: NewNew Zealand Zealand Parliamentary Parliamentary Library, Library, Waiariki: Waiariki: Electorate Electorate Profile, Profile, Sept, Sept, 2012. 2012.

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AgeAge and and gender gendergender FigureFigure 260: 260:260: Age AgeAge and andand gender gender gender for for for M M Māoriāoriāori in in inthe the the Waiariki Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

YearsYears at atat usualusual usual residenceresidence residence FigureFigure 261: 261:261: Years YearsYears at atat usual usualusual residence residence residence for for for M M āMāorioriāori in in inthe the the Waiariki Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Ethnicity EthnicityFigure 262: Ethnicity for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate. Figure 262: 262: Ethnicity Ethnicity for for Mā Māoriori in the in theWaiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Languages spoken Languages spoken spoken Figure 263: 263: Languages Languages spoken spoken spoken for forM forā Mori Māoriā inori the in in Waiarikithe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

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Religious affiliation affiliation Figure 264:264: ReligiousReligious affiliation affiliation for forMā oriMāori in thein theWaiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate. Figure 264: Religious affiliation for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate.

Relationship status Relationship status status Figure 265: Relationship status for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate. Figure 265:265: RelationshipRelationship status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Partnership status status Figure 266:266: PartnershipPartnership statusstatus status forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Number of of children children Figure 267:267: NumberNumber of of children childrenchildren forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Highest qualificationqualification Figure 268:268: HighestHighest qualification qualification for for M āMāoriori in inthe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Highest qualificationqualification by gendergender Figure 269:269: HighestHighest qualification qualification by bygender gender for for M āoriMāori in inthe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Median personal personal income income Figure 270: Median personal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Sources of of personal personal income income Figure 271: Sources ofof personalpersonal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Work and and labour labour force force status status Figure 272:272: WorkWork andand labour labour force force status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Work and and labour labour force force status status by bygender gender Figure 273:273: WorkWork andand labour labour force force status status by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

StatusStatus ininin employment employmentemployment by byby gender gendergender FigureFigure 274: 274:274: Status StatusStatus inin in employmentemployment employment byby by gendergender gender forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the WaiarikiWaiariki Waiariki Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

Occupation for employed Occupation for for employed employed Figure 275: Occupation for employed for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate. Figure 275:275: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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OccupationOccupation for forfor employed employed by by gender gender FigureFigure 276: 276: Occupation Occupation forfor for employed employed by by gender gender forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

UnpaidUnpaid activitiesactivities FigureFigure 277: 277: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Unpaid activities by gender UnpaidFigure 278: activities Unpaid activities by gendergender by gender for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate. Figure 278: 278: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities by gender by gender for M forāori Māori in the inWaiariki the Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Number of dependent children FigureNumber 279: ofNumber of dependent dependent of dependent children children children for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate. Figure 279: Number ofof dependentdependent children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Family typetype and and number number of of dependent dependent children children FigureFamily 280:280: type FamilyFamily and type type number and and number number of dependentof of dependent dependent children childrenchildren for for M Māoriāori in inthe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate. Figure 280: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate.

Household composition Household composition FigureHousehold 281: Household composition composition for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate. Figure 281:281: HouseholdHousehold composition composition for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Household income income Figure 282: Household income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Tenure of of household household Figure 283: Tenure of household for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Sector of of landlord landlord Figure 284: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate. Figure 284:284: SectorSector of of landlord landlord for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Access to to telecommunication telecommunication systems systems Figure 285: Access to telecommunication systems for Māori in the Waiariki Electorate. Figure 285:285: AccessAccess toto telecommunicationtelecommunication systems systems for for M Māoriāori in in the the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles Figure 286:286: NumberNumber of of motor motor vehiclesvehicles vehicles forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

Cigarette smoking smoking behaviour behaviour Figure 287:287: CigaretteCigarette smoking smokingsmoking behaviour behaviour forfor for M Māoriāori inin in thethe the Waiariki Waiariki Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Te TaiTai Tonga Tonga Map ofof boundaries boundaries Figure 288:288: BoundaryBoundary Map Map of of the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Te Tai Tonga: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012. Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Te Tai Tonga: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AgeAge and and gender gender FigureFigureAge 289:and 289: Age gender Age and and gender gender for Mforā oriMāori in the in Tethe Tai Te Tonga Tai Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 289: Age and gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Years at usual residence FigureYearsYears 290: atat Yearsusual usual at residence usualresidence residence for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. FigureFigure 290:290: Years Years at at usual usual residence residence for for Mā Māoriori in the in the Te TaiTe TaiTonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Ethnicity Ethnicity EthnicityFigure 291: Ethnicity for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. FigureFigure 291: 291: Ethnicity Ethnicity for for Mā Māoriori in the in Tethe Tai Te Tonga Tai Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

Languages spoken Languages spoken FigureLanguages 292: Languages spoken spoken for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 292:292: LanguagesLanguages spoken spoken for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Religious affiliation affiliation Figure 293: Religious affiliation affiliation for forMā oriMāori in thein theTe TaiTe TaiTonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

Relationship status status Figure 294: Relationship status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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PartnershipPartnership status status FigureFigurePartnership 295: 295: Partnership Partnership status status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 295: Partnership status for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Number of children FigureNumber 296: of Numberof children children of children for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 296: Number ofof childrenchildren for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Highest qualification qualification Figure 297: Highest qualificationqualification for for M āMāoriori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

Highest qualification qualification byby gender gender Figure 298: Highest qualificationqualification by by gender gender for for M āMāoriori in inthe the Te TeTai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

MedianMedian personal personalpersonal income incomeincome FigureFigure 299: 299: Median Median personal personal incomeincome income forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TongaTonga Tonga Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

SourcesSources of ofof personal personalpersonal income incomeincome FigureFigure 300: 300: Sources Sources of ofof personal personalpersonal incomeincome income forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TongaTonga Tonga Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour force forceforce status statusstatus FigureFigure 301: 301: Work Work and and labour labour forceforce force statusstatus status forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TongaTonga Tonga Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

WorkWork and andand labour labourlabour force forceforce status statusstatus by bygenderby gendergender FigureFigure 302: 302: Work Work and and labour labour forceforce force statusstatus status byby by gendergender gender forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TongaTonga Tonga Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Status inin employment employment by by gender gender StatusFigure 303:303: in StatusStatusemployment in in employment employment by genderby by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 303: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Occupation for employed OccupationFigure 304: Occupation for for employed employed for employed for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 304:304: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender Figure 305: Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Occupation for employed by gender Figure 305: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Unpaid activities activities Figure 306: 306: Unpaid Unpaid activities activitiesactivities for for Mforā Mori Māoriā inori the in in Tethe the Tai Te Te Tonga Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Unpaid activities by gender UnpaidFigureUnpaid 307: activitiesactivities Unpaid activities byby gender gender by gender for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. FigureFigure 307: 307: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities by gender by gender for M forāori Māori in the Tein theTai TongaTe Tai Electorate.Tonga Electorate.

Number of dependent children Number of of dependent dependent children children Figure 308: Number of dependent children for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 308:308: NumberNumber of of dependent dependent children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

FamilyFamily type typetype and and number number of ofdependent dependent children children FigureFigure 309:309: FamilyFamily typetype and and number numbernumber ofof of dependentdependent dependent childrenchildren children forfor for M Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TongaTonga Tonga Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

HouseholdHousehold composition composition FigureFigure 310:310: Household composition compositioncomposition forfor for M Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TongaTonga Tonga Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Household income income FigureHousehold 311:311: HouseholdHousehold income income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 311: Household income for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Tenure of household FigureTenure 312: of of Tenurehousehold household of household for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 312: Tenure of household for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Sector of of landlord landlord SectorFigure 313:313: of SectorSectorlandlord of of landlord landlord for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 313: Sector of landlord for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Access to telecommunication systems AccessFigureAccess 314: toto Accesstelecommunication telecommunication to telecommunication systems systems systems for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. FigureFigure 314: 314: Access Access to to telecommunication telecommunication systems systems for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles NumberFigure 315:315: of NumberNumber motor of of motor motorvehicles vehicles vehicles for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 315: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Cigarette smoking behaviour CigaretteFigure 316: Cigarettesmoking smoking smoking behaviour behaviour behaviour for Māori in the Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 316:316: CigaretteCigarette smoking smoking behaviour behaviour for for M Māoriāori in in the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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North Island Island Part Part of Teof TaiTe TongaTai Tonga

Map ofof boundaries boundaries Figure 317:317: BoundaryBoundary Map Map of of the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Te Tai Tonga: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012. Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Te Tai Tonga: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012.

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GraphicalAge and genderData Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued TeFigure Pou 318: Age Matakana and gender for Māori in KIAthe North TU - KIAIsland OHO Part - of KIA Te TaiMATAARA Tonga Electorate. COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AgeAge and and gender gender FigureFigure 318: 318: Age Ageand gender and gender for Māori for in theMāori North in Island the North Part of IslandTe Tai Tonga Part Electorate. of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

YearsYears at at atusual usual usual residence residence residence FigureFigure 319: 319:319: Years YearsYears at usual atat usualresidenceusual residence residence for Māori for infor the M Māori āNorthori in Islandin the the PartNorth North of TeIsland Island Tai Tonga Part Part Electorate. of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

228

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Age and gender Figure 318: Age and gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Ethnicity Figure 320: Ethnicity for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Ethnicity Figure 320: Ethnicity for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Languages spoken Figure 321: Languages spoken for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Languages spoken spoken Years at usual residence Figure 321: Languages spoken spoken for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 319: Years at usual residence for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate North IslandMaori-Languages Part of Te Tai Tongaspoken Electorate Maori-Languages spoken

7%

17% 7% 17% English Mäori English Other Mäori 96% Other

96%

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Graphical Data Appendix - Additional graphs by Māori electorate continued Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Religious affiliationaffiliation Figure 322: Religious affiliation for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. ReligiousFigure 322: Religiousaffiliation affiliation for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 322: Religious affiliation for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Relationship status FigureRelationship 323: Relationship status status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. RelationshipFigure 323: Relationship status status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 323: Relationship status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Partnership status

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

PartnershipFigure 324: Partnership status status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. FigurePartnership 324: Partnership status status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 324: Partnership status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Number of children FigureNumber 325: of Numberof children children of children for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 325: Number ofof childrenchildren for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Highest qualification Highest qualificationqualification Figure 326:326: HighestHighest qualification qualification for for M āMāoriori in inthe the North North Island Island Part Part of Teof TeTai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 326: Highest qualification for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Highest qualification by gender FigureHighest 327: qualificationqualification Highest qualification by gendergender by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 327:327: HighestHighest qualification qualification by bygender gender for for M āoriMāori in inthe the North North Island Island Part Part of Teof TaiTe Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Median personal personal income income Figure 328: Median personal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 328: Median personal income for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Sources of of personal personal income income Figure 329: Sources of personal income for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 329: Sources ofof personalpersonal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Work and and labour labour force force status status Figure 330: Work and labour force status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. WorkFigure 330: and Work labour and labourforce forcestatus status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 330: Work and labour force status for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Work and and labour labour force force status status by genderby gender Figure 331: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. WorkFigure 331: and Work labour and labourforce forcestatus status by bygender gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga FigureElectorate. 331: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

Status inin employment employment by by gender gender FigureStatus 332:332: in StatusStatusemployment in in employment employment by genderby by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of ofTe Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 332: Status in employment by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Occupation for employed FigureOccupation 333: Occupation for for employed employed for employed for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 333: Occupation for for employed employed for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender Figure 334: Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Occupation for employed by gender Figure 334: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

UnpaidUnpaid activitiesactivities activities FigureFigure 335: 335: Unpaid Unpaid activities activitiesactivities for forM forā oriM Māoriā inori the in in Norththe the North North Island Island PartIsland of Part TePart Tai of of TongaTe Te Tai Tai Electorate.Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT Unpaid activities by gender UnpaidFigure 336: activities Unpaid activities by gender by gender for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 336: 336: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities by gender by gender for M forāori Māori in the inNorth the IslandNorth Part Island of Te Part Tai ofTonga Te Tai Electorate. Tonga Electorate.

Number of dependent children NumberFigure 337: ofNumber of dependent dependent of dependent children children children for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 337: Number ofof dependentdependent children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Family type and number of dependent children FamilyFigure 338: type Family and type number and number of dependent of dependent children children for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga FigureElectorate. 338: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Household composition composition Figure 339:339: HouseholdHousehold composition composition for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of ofTe Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Household income income FigureHousehold 340: Household income income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 340: Household income for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Tenure of household TenureFigure 341: of of Tenurehousehold household of household for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 341: Tenure of household for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Sector of of landlord landlord FigureSector 342:342: of Sector Sectorlandlord of of landlord landlord for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 342: Sector of landlord for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Access to telecommunication systems FigureAccess 343: to to Accesstelecommunication telecommunication to telecommunication systems systems systems for Māori in the North Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 343:343: AccessAccess toto telecommunicationtelecommunication systems systems for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Number of of motor motor vehicles vehicles Figure 344: Number ofof motormotor vehicles vehicles for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

Cigarette smoking smoking behaviour behaviour Figure 345: Cigarette smokingsmoking behaviour behaviour for for M Māoriāori in in the the North North Island Island Part Part of ofTe Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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South Island Island Part Part of Te of Tai Te TongaTai Tonga Map ofof boundaries boundaries Figure 346:346: BoundaryBoundary Map Map of of the the Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

Source: New Zealand Parliamentary Library, Te Tai Tonga: Electorate Profile, Sept, 2012.

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Age and gender Te Pou Matakana KIA TU - KIA OHO - KIA MATAARA Figure 347: Age and gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. COMMISSIONING AGENCY STAND TALL - STAND STRONG - STAND VIGILANT

AgeAge and and gender gender FigureFigure 347: 347: Age Ageand gender and gender for Māori for in theMāori South in Island the South Part of IslandTe Tai Tonga Part Electorate. of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Years at usual residence FigureYears 348: at at Years usual usual at usual residence residence residence for M āori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 348: Years at usual residence for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 348: Years at usual residence for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

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EthnicityEthnicity FigureFigure 349: 349: Ethnicity Ethnicity forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the SouthSouth South IslandIsland Island PartPart Part ofof of TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TongaTonga Tonga Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

LanguagesLanguages spoken spokenspoken FigureFigure 350: 350: Languages Languages spokenspoken spoken forfor for MM Māoriāāoriori inin in thethe the SouthSouth South IslandIsland Island PartPart Part ofof of TeTe Te TaiTai Tai TongaTonga Tonga Electorate.Electorate. Electorate.

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Religious affiliation affiliation Religious affiliation Figure 351: Religious affiliation affiliation for forMā oriMāori in thein theSouth South Island Island Part Partof Te of TaiTe TongaTai Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 351: Religious affiliation for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Relationship status Relationship status FigureRelationship 352: Relationship status status for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 352: Relationship status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Partnership status status FigurePartnership 353:353: PartnershipPartnership status status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 353: Partnership status for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Number of children FigureNumber 354: of ofNumber children children of children for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 354:354: NumberNumber of of children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Highest qualification qualification FigureHighest 355: qualification Highest qualificationqualification for for M āMāoriori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of Teof TeTai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 355: Highest qualification for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. South Island Māori Part of Te Tai Tonga SouthElectorate Island M -Highestāori Part qualification of Te Tai Tonga Electorate -Highest qualification 60% 60% 50% 50% 50% 50% 40% 40% 30% 27% 30% 27% 20% 20% 10% 6% 10% 10% 10% 6% 0% 0% Certificate Level Diploma Level Bachelor Degree and No Qualification Certificate Level Diploma Level Bachelorabove Degree and No Qualification above

Highest qualification by gender HighestFigure 356: qualification qualification Highest qualification byby gender gender by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 356: Highest qualificationqualification by by gender gender for for M āMāoriori in inthe the South South Island Island Part Part of Teof TaiTe Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Median personal personal income income Figure 357:357: MedianMedian personalpersonal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

Sources of of personal personal income income Figure 358:358: SourcesSources of of personal personal income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of ofTe Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Work and and labour labour force force status status Figure 359: Work and labour force force status status for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Work and labour force status Figure 359: Work and labour force status for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Work and labour force status by gender WorkFigure 360:and Worklabour and force labour status force statusby gender by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. FigureWork 360: and Work labour and labourforce force status status by by gender gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.Figure 360: Work and labour force status by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

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Status inin employment employment by by gender gender Figure 361:361: StatusStatus in in employment employment by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of ofTe Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

Occupation for for employed employed Figure 362:362: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of ofTe Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Occupation for for employed employed by by gender gender Figure 363:363: OccupationOccupation for for employed employed by by gender gender for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of ofTe TeTai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Occupation for employed by gender Figure 363: Occupation for employed by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Unpaid activities activities Figure 364: 364:364: Unpaid UnpaidUnpaid activities activities activities for for M forā Mori Māoriā inori the in in Souththe the South South Island Island PartIsland of Part TePart Taiof of TeTonga Te Tai Tai Electorate.Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Unpaid activities by gender UnpaidFigureUnpaid 365: activitiesactivities Unpaid activities byby gendergender by gender for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. FigureFigure 365: 365: Unpaid Unpaid activities activities by gender by gender for M forāori Māori in the Southin the Island South Part Island of Te Part Tai Tongaof Te Tai Electorate. Tonga Electorate.

Number of dependent children FigureNumber 366: Numberof of dependent dependent of dependent children children children for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 366:366: NumberNumber of of dependent dependent children children for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of ofTe Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Family type and number of dependent children FigureFamily 367: type Family and type number and number of dependent of dependent children for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 367: Family type and number of dependent children for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Household composition composition Figure 368: Household composition composition for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Household income income HouseholdFigure 369:369: HouseholdHousehold income income income for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 369: Household income for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Tenure of household TenureFigure 370: of of Tenurehousehold household of household for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 370:370: TenureTenure ofof householdhousehold for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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Sector of of landlord landlord FigureSector 371:371: of SectorSector landlord of of landlord landlord for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate. Figure 371: Sector of landlord for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Access to telecommunication systems FigureAccess 372: to to Accesstelecommunication telecommunication to telecommunication systems systems systems for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 372: Access to telecommunication systems systems for for M Māoriāori in in the the South South Island Island Part Part of of Te Te Tai Tai Tonga Tonga Electorate. Electorate.

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NumberNumber ofof motor motor vehicles vehicles Figure 373: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. FigureNumber 373: Numberof motor of motor vehicles vehicles for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 373: Number of motor vehicles for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

Cigarette smoking behaviour FigureCigarette 374: Cigarettesmoking smoking smoking behaviour behaviour behaviour for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 374: Cigarette smoking behaviour for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate. Figure 374: Cigarette smoking behaviour for Māori in the South Island Part of Te Tai Tonga Electorate.

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