Brunei in Brief
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His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam Brunei Darussalam In Brief Typeset by Department of Information, Prime Minister’s Office, Brunei Darussalam Printed by Department of Government Printing, Prime Minister’s Office, Brunei Darussalam Revised Edition 2013 Disclaimer All rights reserved. The ‘Brunei Darussalam In Brief’ is an annual publication where it Compilation and updating discusses briefly on the socio-economic welfare of Brunei Darussalam in general. Sastra Sarini binti Haji Julaini No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted Editor in any form by any means without prior written permission from Director of Information, Musa bin Mohidin Department of Information, Prime Minister’s Office, Brunei Darussalam. Photos Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the information provided for this book are Photography Division, Department of Information accurate, the authors and publisher accept no responsibility for any errors it may contain, or for any loss, financial or otherwise, sustained by any person using this information. English News Division, Department of Information To order a copy of this publication, please contact Distribution and Support Unit, Department of Tourism Development, Administration and Finance Division, Department of Information, Prime Minister’s Office. Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources Department of Foresty, Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources Muhammad Arif bin Morni Layout Muhammad Arif bin Morni Proof reader Hajah Norpisah binti Mohd. Salleh Cover Muhammad Al-Khaliq bin Ali ISBN 978-99917-49-47-1 Contents Brunei Darussalam ‘The Abode of Peace’ ~ 9 ~ Brief Historical Background ~ 13 ~ His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam ~ 19 ~ His Royal Highness Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah ibni His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah, The Crown Prince and Senior Minister at the Prime Minister’s Office ~ 23 ~ National Flag of Brunei Darussalam ~ 27 ~ National Crest of Brunei Darussalam ~ 33 ~ National Anthem ~ 37 ~ The Land and People ~ 41 ~ The Government ~ 49 ~ Trade and Industry ~ 59 ~ Agriculture ~ 65 ~ Human Resource ~ 71 ~ Banking and Finance ~ 75 ~ Tourism ~ 79 ~ Transport and Communications Brunei Darussalam ~ 83 ~ Social Services ~ 91 ~ Mass Media ‘The Abode of Peace’ ~ 97 ~ International Relations ~ 101 ~ Places of Interest ~ 106 ~ Important Dates To Remember ~ 117 ~ Tourist Information ~ 125 ~ 9 Brunei Darussalam ‘The Abode of Peace’ Location : Northwest of the Island of Borneo, between latitudes 40 and 505’ North and langitudes 11.4o o4’ and 110 23’ East Land area : 5,765sq.km. Highest point : 1.841 metres above sea level (Bukit Pagon) Climate : Temperature ranges between 23.10C and 320C with relative humidity and total rainfall of 1386.1 millimetres Population : 399, 800 (2012 est) Official religion : Islam Official language : Malay but English is widely spoken Currency : Brunei Dollar which is on par with Singapore Dollar GDP : $10,140.8 million at current prices (*H1/2012 est) Labour force : 190,200 (2012 est) Literacy rate : 96.7 per cent (aged 10 and above) Main industry : Oil and gas Mobile phone subscribers : 454,297 (*H1/2012 est) Internet subscribers : Broadband - 50,004 (*H1/2012 est) Dial-up- 3,724 (*H1/2012 est) *H1/2012 - First half of year 2012 10 11 Brief Historical Background 12 13 Brief Historical Background efore the advent of Islam, Brunei After the turmoil of the Second World BDarussalam’s early history is unclear War, life gradually returned to normal but but archaeological discoveries supported progress only began to crystallise during the by historical data indicate that Brunei had reign of the 28th ruler, Sultan Sir Muda Omar wide contacts with its neighbours on the ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien who Asian continent around 518 A.D. Chinese utilised Brunei’s oil revenue to finance for historians of that period, for example, made the first time a five-year development plan references in their writing of ‘Puni’ or ‘Poli’, (1953 – 1958) which has Brunei an intensive two of the many names which Brunei was infrastructure and transformed it from a dull known during ancient times. and quiet backwater into a modern thriving state. Islam took root in Brunei in the 14th century when its first ruler, Awang Alak The year 1959 saw the promulgation of Betatar, embraced Islam and changed his a written constitution which gave Brunei name to Sultan Muhammad Shah. internal self-government and changed the post of Brunei Resident which started in By the 15th and 16th centuries, especially 1906 to High Commissioner. during the reigns of the fifth ruler, Sultan Bolkiah and the ninth ruler, Sultan Hassan, In 1967, after 17 years of benevolent reign, Brunei was a dominant power in the region Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul with sovereignty embracing the whole Island Khairi Waddien voluntarily abdicated of Borneo and as far as the Philippines. in favour of his eldest son, His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin When European presence made itself felt Waddaulah who pledged to carry on his in the region around mid-16th century to the father’s policies. His Majesty’s succession to 19th century, Brunei began to lose its grip on the throne further pushed Brunei Darussalam the empire, which was besieged by problems on the road to greater development. such as wars, internecine strife, insurrection and piracy. By 1904, Brunei which became a Brunei Darussalam and Great Britain British protected state in 1888, had shrunk to signed in 1971 an amended and revised a small sultanate on three sides by Sarawak version of the 1959 Agreement, making and to the north by the South China Sea. Brunei fully independent internally and post of High Commissioner, a normal diplomatic position. Only external affairs and defence remained in British hands. 14 15 The turning of Brunei’s long history Another reshuffle of the Cabinet took came in 1979 when the Treaty of Friendship place in May 2005 in which His Majesty and Cooperation thus paving the way for appointed His Royal Highness Prince Brunei’s resumption after 1983 of its place Pengiran Muda Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah, in the community of nation-states. The Crown Prince as the Senior Minister at the Prime Minister’s Office and announced As anticipated months of preparations, a new post of a Minister of Energy under a new chapter in Brunei’s colourful history the Prime Minister’s Office. Meanwhile, the opened shortly after midnight December posts State Mufti and the Attorney General 31, 1983 when His Majesty declared Brunei now hold the ministerial ranks. Darussalam as a fully independent sovereign nation ready to resume its international The recent reshuffle of the Cabinet was responsibilities. announced on May 29, 2010 where it saw the post Minister of Finance II is now under the In consequence, His Majesty announced Prime Minister’s Office. The new Cabinet a six-member Cabinet with himself as the line-up also saw the appointment of the first Prime Minister and concurrently holding the female Deputy Minister. portfolios of Home Affairs and Finance. Under His Majesty’s leadership, the In October 1986, His Majesty reshuffled government has invested billions of dollars the Cabinet. He remained as Prime Minister on one development plans after another and relinquished the portfolios of Home and will continue to do so in an effort to Affairs and Finance, and took over the maintain and improve the quality of life of Defence portfolio which his late father had the population through economic growth, held since 1984. His Majesty also announced productivity enhancement and wider the appointment of five new Ministers and economic diversification. eight Deputy Ministers. His Majesty’s Government through its On November 30, 1988, His Majesty 10th National Development Plan, which announced another reshuffle of the Cabinet, begins from 2012 to 2017 has allocated which took effect from January 1, 1989. $6.5 billion for the country’s continuing In the reshuffle, aimed primarily to boost development and progress. the country’s development, His Majesty created the Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources and elevated a state dignitary to a full minister. 16 17 His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam 18 19 His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam is Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Like his illustrious father who is fondly HMu’izzaddin Waddaulah, The Sultan remembered as the Architect of Modern and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam Brunei, His Majesty continues this tradition is the 29th monarch in line of succession, by working tirelessly to ensure that his which dates back to the 14th Century. Today, citizens continue to live in peace and he is one of the longest reigning monarchs in harmony. The charismatic leader, apart from the world. the usual day-to-day administration of the government, keeps tab on latest developments Born on July 15, 1946 at the Istana by constantly being on the move, personally Darussalam in the capital, Brunei Town visiting government departments and related (now known as Bandar Seri Begawan), His institutions and visiting villages including Majesty became the Crown Prince in 1961 remote parts of the Brunei. and ascended the throne on October 5, 1967, a day after his father Al-Marhum Sultan The promotion and strengthening of Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi relations with the outside world also get top Waddien’s voluntary abdication.